List of battles 1301–1600

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Lists of battles

* Before 301
* 301–1300
* 1301–1600
* 1601–1800
* 1801–1900
* 1901–2000
* 2001–current
* Naval
* Sieges

* See also

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## Early 14th century (1301–1350)

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Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1302 | Franco-Flemish War | Battle of the Golden Spurs |  | 11 July | In Flanders, Flemish forces led by William of Jülich and Pieter de Coninck defeat French knights.[1]
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Bapheus |  | 27 July | The founder of the Ottoman dynasty Osman I defeats a Byzantine force.[2]
1303 | First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Roslin |  | 24 Feb | Scottish forces led by John Comyn III ambush and defeat an English army at Roslin.[3]
Wars between the Kingdom of Mewar and the Delhi Sultanate | Siege of Chittorgarh |  | 28 Jan—26 Aug | The Delhi Sultanate defeats and conquers the Guhilas of Medapata.
Franco-Flemish War | Battle of Arques |  | 4 April | Flemish forces led by William of Jülich defeat a French army at Arques.[4]
Mongol invasions of the Levant | Battle of Marj al-Saffar |  | 20-22 April | Mamluk forces defeat the Ilkhanate and their Armenian allies, last Mongol invasion of Syria.[5]
Liège-Brabant wars | Siege of Maastricht [nl] |  | May | The Prince-Bishopric of Liège fails to conquer Maastricht from the Duchy of Brabant.
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Dimbos |  |  | Ottoman forces defeat Byzantine governors.
Introduction of Islam in Bangladesh | Conquest of Sylhet |  |  | Muslims led by Shamsuddin Firuz Shah conquer the Hindu Gour Kingdom led by Gour Govinda.
Franco-Flemish War | Siege of Amsterdam [nl] |  |  | William of Avesnes, commanding an army of the County of Holland captures Amsterdam from Jan I van Amstel, lord of Amstelland.
Siege of Zierikzee | 1303—1304 | A Flemish army under Guy of Namur fails to capture Zierikzee.
1304 | First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Happrew |  | Feb | English forces defeat a small Scottish army.
Second siege of Stirling Castle | April—24 July | King Edward I besieges the Scots successfully. The Warwolf siege engine is constructed and first used during this battle.
Franco-Flemish War | Siege of Schoonhoven [nl] |  | July | William of Avesnes, commanding the army of the County of Holland defeats rebel Schoonhoven.
Battle of Zierikzee | 10-11 Aug | A combined fleet from France, Genoa and Holland defeats a Flemish fleet.
Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle |  | 18 Aug | French forces under King Philip IV defeat the Flemish army at Mons-en-Pévèle. The battle is indecisive, which leads later to the Treaty of Athis-sur-Orge.
Battle on the Manpad |  |  | Witte van Haemstede, commanding an army of the County of Holland defeats a Flemish army under Guy of Namur near Heemstede.
1305 | Byzantine–Frankish conflicts | Battle of Apros |  | July | Byzantine forces under Co-Emperor Michael IX are defeated by the Catalan Company in Thrace.
Mongol invasions of India | Battle of Amroha |  | 20 Dec | The Delhi Sultanate defeats the invading Mongol forces of the Chagatai Khanate.
1306 | First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Methven |  | 19 June | English forces under Aymer de Valence defeat the newly crowned Robert the Bruce and the Scottish army, during a surprise attack on his camp at Methven.
Crusades | Hospitaller conquest of Rhodes |  | 23 June 1306—15 Aug 1310 | Rhodes is conquered by the Hospitallers.
Wars of Scottish Independence | Battle of Dalrigh |  | July | Robert the Bruce is defeated by rival Scottish forces under John of Argyll of the Clan MacDougall at Dalrigh (also called "King's Field").
1307 | Battle of Loch Ryan | Feb | Scottish forces under Thomas de Brus and Alexander de Brus are defeated by rival Scots at Loch Ryan.
Battle of Glen Trool | April | Scottish forces under King Robert the Bruce ambush and defeat the English army at Glen Trool.
Battle of Loudoun Hill | 10 May | Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat the English army at Loudoun Hill.
| Battle of Lucka |  | 31 May | Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen defeats king Albert I of Germany.
1308 | Wars of Scottish Independence | Battle of Inverurie |  | 23 May | Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat the rival Scots of the Clan Comyn at Oldmeldrum.
Battle of the Pass of Brander | August | Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat the rival Scots of the Clan MacDougall at the Pass of Brander.
Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate | Siege of Siwana |  |  | Delhi forces conquer Siwana fortress in Rajasthan (North India).
Siege of Devagiri |  | Alauddin Khalji takes Yadava capital, annexing Yadava territories for the Delhi Sultanate.
1309 | Reconquista | Siege of Algeciras |  | July 1309—Jan 1310 | Castile forced to withdraw siege on Granada city.
Siege of Almería | Aug—Dec | Aragonese forces under King James II besiege the Saracen garrison at Almería. After two months, James is forced to break off the siege.
First siege of Gibraltar |  | 12 Sep | Castilian forces under King Ferdinand IV besiege and capture the Moorish fortress at Gibraltar.
1310 | Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate | Siege of Warangal |  | 16-19 Feb | Delhi forces sack the capital of the Kakatiya dynasty, leading to their inevitable annexation in the coming years.
1311 | Siege of Dwarasamudra | 26-27 Feb | Hoysala Empire surrenders and agrees to pay tribute to Delhi Sultanate.
Byzantine–Frankish conflicts | Battle of Halmyros |  | 15 March | Catalan Company defeats Walter V, Count of Brienne of Athens and goes on to capture Athens and Thebes.
Lithuanian Crusade | Battle of Wopławki |  | 7 April | The Teutonic Knights under Heinrich von Plötzke defeat the Lithuanian forces near the village of Wopławki.
Italienzug | Siege of Brescia [it] |  | 19 May—19 Sep | Henry VII, King of the Romans captures rebel Brescia.
1312 | Charles I's wars for the centralized power | Battle of Rozgony |  | 15 June | Hungarian forces under King Charles I defeat the rebel army of Palatine Amadeus Aba at Rozgony.
| Battle of Gallipoli |  |  | 2,000 Turcopoles are annihilated by a combined Byzantine, Kingdom of Serbia, and Genoese force.
Crusades | Battle of Amorgos |  |  | Knights Hospitaller destroy the fleet of Menteshe.[6]
1313 | Conflict over Bavarian tutelage | Battle of Gammelsdorf |  | 9 Nov | Louis the Bavarian defeats his cousin Frederick I of Austria.
1314 | First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Bannockburn |  | 23-24 June | Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat King Edward II. Robert takes Stirling Castle and secures Scottish independence.
1315 | Conflict between Louis IV of Bavaria and Frederick I of Habsburg | Battle of Holíč [sk] |  | 12 July | King John of Bohemia defeats Matthew III Csák.
First War of Scottish Independence | Siege of Carlisle |  | 22 July—1 Aug | Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce besiege unsuccessfully Carlisle Castle.
Wars of the Guelphs and Ghibellines | Battle of Montecatini |  | 29 Aug | Pisa defeats allied forces of Florence and the Kingdom of Naples.
First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Moiry Pass |  | Sep | Scottish-Irish forces under Edward Bruce defeat an Irish garrison at Moyry Pass.
Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy | Battle of Morgarten |  | 15 Nov | Swiss forces defeat Leopold I, Duke of Austria on the shore of the Ägerisee.
1316 | Campaigns of Ferdinand of Majorca | Battle of Picotin |  | 22 Feb | Ferdinand of Majorca defeats Matilda of Hainaut and the Achaean barons loyal to her.
First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Skaithmuir |  | Feb | Scottish forces under James Douglas defeat an English raiding party near Coldstream.
Campaigns of Ferdinand of Majorca | Battle of Manolada |  | 5 July | Louis of Burgundy defeats the Majorcans, Ferdinand of Majorca is slain.
First War of Scottish Independence | Second Battle of Athenry |  | 10 Aug | English forces defeat an Irish army under Felim O'Connor, king of Connacht.
North German Margrave War | Battle of Gransee |  | Aug | A North German-Danish alliance led by Henry II of Mecklenburg defeat Waldemar the Great.
1317 | Byzantine–Ottoman wars | Siege of Bursa |  | 1317—6 April 1326 | Ottoman forces led by Sultan Orhan capture the fortified city of Bursa.
1318 | First War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Dysert O'Dea |  | 10 May | Irish forces under Ó Deághaidh defeat the English Lordship.
Battle of Faughart | 14 Oct | English forces defeat a Scots–Irish army under Edward Bruce, who is slain.
War of the Limburg Succession | Siege of Sittard [nl] |  |  | John III, Duke of Brabant captures Sittard from Reinoud van Valkenburg.
1319 |  | Battle of the Vega of Granada |  | 25 Jun | Sultan Ismail I of Granada defeats Castile under the regents Peter of Castile, Lord of Cameros and John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos.
| Battle of Chios |  | 23 July | The Knights Hospitaller and the Genoese of the Lordship of Chios score victory over an Aydinid fleet.
| Battle of Wöhrden [de] |  | 7 Sep | The farmers of Dithmarschen defeat an army of knights from Holstein and Mecklenburg under Gerhard III, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg.
1320 | Byzantine–Frankish conflicts | Battle of Saint George |  | 9 Sep | Byzantine forces under Andronikos Asen ambush and defeat the army of the Principality of Achaea, securing possession of Arcadia.
| Battle of Rhodes |  | A Turkish invasion fleet is destroyed by the Knights Hospitaller and the Genoese, in an attempt to capture Rhodes.
| Battle of Marra Biete |  |  | Ethiopians defeat Sultanate of Ifat.
1322 | Despenser War | Battle of Burton Bridge |  | 7-10 March | English Royal forces defeat a rebel English army.
Battle of Boroughbridge | 16 March | English Royal forces defeat a rebel English army fighting for the Scots.
| Battle of Bliska |  | Aug—Sep | A coalition of Croatian noblemen defeat Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, Ban of Croatia.
| Battle of Mühldorf |  | 28 Sep | Louis the Bavarian defeats and captures Frederick I of Austria.
1323 |  | Siege of Warangal |  | 13 March—9 Nov | Delhi Sultanate conquers Kakatiya Empire.
Aragonese conquest of Sardinia | Siege of Villa di Chiesa |  | 28 June 1323—7 Feb 1324 | Aragonese capture Sardinian town from Pisa.
1324 | Battle of Lucocisterna | 29 Feb | Aragon conquers Sardinia from the Republic of Pisa.
1325 | Savoy-Viennois wars | Battle of Varey |  | 7 Aug | Vienne under Guigues de la Tour-du-Pin defeat the Savoyards.
Guelphs and Ghibellines and War of the Bucket | Battle of Zappolino |  | 15 Nov | Communal struggle between Bologna and Modena, Modena emerges victorious.
1326 | Invasion of England | Siege of Bristol |  | 18-26 Oct | Queen Isabella of France besieges and captures Bristol after an eight-day siege.
1327 | Siege of Béjaïa | Battle of Temzezdekt |  |  | Zayyanid Kingdom of Tlemcen defeats Hafsid dynasty.
Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate | Sack of Halebidu |  |  | Delhi Sultanate sacks capital of the Hoysala Kingdom.
1328 | Peasant revolt in Flanders | Battle of Cassel |  | 23 Aug | French under Philip VI defeat a revolting Flemish peasant army, killing their leaders.
Byzantine–Ottoman wars | Siege of Nicaea |  | 1328—1331 | The Byzantine city of Nicaea falls to Ottomans under Orhan.
1329 | Lithuanian Crusade | Siege of Medvėgalis |  | 1 Feb | Teutonic Order captures Lithuanian fortress.
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Pelekanon |  | 10 June | The second ruler of the Ottoman dynasty, Orhan I, defeats the Byzantines under Emperor Andronicus III. This completes the Ottoman conquest of Bithynia.
Norman wars in Ireland | Battle of Ardnocher |  | 10 Aug | Irish force led by William MacGeoghegan defeats English army under Thomas Butler, who is killed.
1330 | Bulgarian–Serbian wars | Battle of Velbazhd |  | 28 July | Serbia defeats Bulgaria and their Wallachian allies. Michael III of Bulgaria killed in battle.
Hungarian-Wallachian Wars | Battle of Posada |  | 9 Nov | Basarab I of Wallachia defeats Charles I of Hungary.
Norman wars in Ireland | Battle of Fiodh-an-Átha |  |  | Ualgarg O'Rourke is defeated by the English.
1331 | Polish-Teutonic War | Battle of Płowce |  | 27 Sep | Kingdom of Poland defeats Teutonic Order.
1332 |  | Battle of Das |  | 3 July | Ethiopians led by their Emperor Amda Seyon defeat combined attack of Adal and Sultanate of Ifat in the Ethiopian mainland.
Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars | Battle of Rusokastro |  | 18 July | Bulgarians defeat Byzantines.
Second War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Kinghorn |  | 6 Aug | Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife defeated by smaller army supporting Edward Balliol, pretender to the Scottish throne.
Battle of Dupplin Moor | 11 Aug | English supporting Edward Balliol, Scottish pretender, defeat the Scots.
Guelphs and Ghibellines | Battle of San Felice [it] |  | 25 Nov | The Holy Roman Empire under Charles of Luxembourg defeats the Signoria of Ferrara, the Signoria of Mantua, the Signoria of Milan and the Signoria of Verona under condottiere Giovi da Camposampiero.
Wars of Scottish Independence | Battle of Annan |  | 16 Dec | Bruce loyalists drive out the English-backed usurper to the Scottish throne Edward Balliol.
| Battle of Zeila |  |  | Ethiopians defeat and vassalize Sultanate of Ifat, sack their capital and imprison their Sultan Ali ibn Sabr ad-Din.
1333 | Second War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Halidon Hill |  | 19 July | Edward III of England avenges Bannockburn.
1334 | Liège-Brabant wars | Siege of Maastricht [nl] |  | March | After a short siege, Maastricht surrenders to bishop Adolph de la Marck of Liège.
1335 | Second War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Boroughmuir |  | 30 July | Scotland under John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray defeats an army of the County of Namur under Guy II, Marquis of Namur, fighting for England.
1336 | Nanboku-chō Wars | Battle of Minatogawa |  | 5 July | Kusunoki Masashige, obeying Emperor Go-Daigo's orders, leads an imperial army into defeat by the Ashikaga. Kusunoki commits suicide.
| Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota |  |  | Castile defeats Portugal
1337 | Nanboku-chō Wars | Siege of Kanegasaki |  | Jan—April | Ashikaga victory.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Cadzand |  | Nov | English defeat pro-French garrison of Cadsand in Flanders.
1338 | Battle of Arnemuiden | 23 Sep | French victory over the English fleet.
1339 |  | Battle of Parabiago |  | 21-22 Feb | Rebel Lodrisio Visconti is defeated by the Visconti of Milan's army.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Cambrai |  | Sep—Oct | King Edward III of England withdraws when a large French army was near and fails to capture Cambrai.
1340 | Battle of Sluys |  | 24 June | Edward III defeats the Franco-Genoese fleet of Philip VI of France off the coast of Flanders and gains control of the English Channel.
Battle of Saint-Omer |  | 26 July | Anglo-Flemish force driven back from the town by a French army.
Siege of Tournai |  | 23 July—25 Sep | King Edward III of England fails to capture Tournai from king Philip VI of France.
Reconquista | Battle of Río Salado |  | 30 Oct | Alfonso XI of Castile and Afonso IV of Portugal defeat the Marinid under Sultan Abul-Hassan and the Granadine under King Yusuf I.
1341 | Breton War of Succession | Battle of Champtoceaux |  | 13-16 Oct | Begins the Breton War of Succession.
1342 |  | Battle of Guadalmesí |  | 8 Apr | Castile and Portugal defeat the Marinid dynasty.
| Battle of Kannanur |  | March—8 Sep | Madurai Sultanate defeats and executes Veera Ballala III, ending the Hoysala Empire.
Breton War of Succession | Battle of Brest |  | 18 Aug | English fleet defeats Genoese mercenaries.
Battle of Morlaix | 30 Sep | Besieged by the English, a French relief army broke the siege of Morlaix. When the English retreated into a wood, the French withdrew.
1344 | Byzantine civil war | Battle of Stephaniana |  | May | Turks from the Emirate of Aydin defeat a Serbian army in northern Greece.
1345 | Wars of the Guelphs and Ghibellines | Battle of Gamenario |  | 22 April | Ghibelline Asti and John II, Marquess of Montferrat defeat the Neapolitan Guelph League army.
Friso-Hollandic Wars | Siege of Utrecht [nl] |  | 8 June—22 July | William II, Count of Hainaut and of Holland captures Utrecht and forces bishop John of Arkel to submission.
Byzantine civil war | Battle of Peritheorion |  | 7 July | A Byzantine-Turkish army under John VI Kantakouzenos and Umur Bey defeats and kills the renegade lord Momchil in the Rhodope.
Polish–Bohemian War | Battle of Lelów [pl] |  | July | Poland and Hungary defeat Bohemia.
Battle of Pogoń  [pl] | Poland defeats Bohemia.
Friso-Hollandic Wars | Battle of Warns |  | 26 Sep | Frisians defeat Dutch invasion force led by William IV, Count of Holland.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Auberoche |  | 21 Oct | English relief army lift a siege by the French.
Genoese–Mongol Wars | Second Siege of Kaffa | / | 1345—1347 | The Golden Horde again lays siege to the Genoese city of Kaffa on the Black Sea, but withdraws due to the Black Death.
| Battle of Lough Neagh |  |  | Naval battle between Hugh O'Neill and the Clann Hugh Buidhe.
1346 | Breton War of Succession and Hundred Years' War | Battle of St Pol de Léon |  | 9 June | English defeat the French.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Caen | 26 July | English force capture and sack the town.
Battle of Blanchetaque | 24 Aug | English under Edward III cross the Somme.
Battle of Crécy | 26 Aug | English longbowmen defeat French cavalry at Abbeville.
Siege of Calais | 4 Sep 1346—3 Aug 1347 | English forces capture the city.
Hundred Years' War and Second War of Scottish Independence | Battle of Neville's Cross |  | 17 Oct | English defeat the Scots under King David Bruce.
| Battle of Calry Lough Gill |  |  | O'Rourke soundly defeated by the O'Connors.
1347 | Cola di Rienzo conflict | Battle of Porta San Lorenzo [it] |  | Nov | The people of Rome defeat the baronial troops of Stefano Colonna.
War of the Breton Succession | Battle of La Roche-Derrien |  |  | English relief army lift a French siege.
1348 | Lithuanian Crusade | Battle of Strėva |  | 2 Feb | Teutonic Order defeats the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
| Battle of Épila |  | 21 Jul | King Peter IV of Aragon defeats the anti-royalist Union of Aragon.
| Battle of Mislata | 9 Dec | King Peter IV of Aragon defeats the anti-royalist Union of Valencia.
1349 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Lunalonge |  | May or June | Anglo-Gascons hold the upper hand during the day over the French but the Anglo-Gascons have to withdraw during the night.
| Battle of Llucmajor |  | 25 Oct | James IV of Majorca defeated and killed by troops of Aragon.
Rise of the Kano Sultanate | Battle of Santolo |  |  | Newly Islamic Sultanate of Kano defeats animist Hausa Kingdom of Santolo.
1350 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Calais |  | 1 Jan | English force defeated a French army which was attempting to take the city.
Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Naarden [nl] |  | 15 or 16 May | The army of Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut and of Holland defeats the army of her son, William I, Duke of Bavaria.
Hundred Years' War | Les Espagnols sur Mer |  | 29 Aug | English fleet defeats Castilian fleet.

## Late 14th century (1351–1400)

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Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1351 | Breton War of Succession | Combat of the Thirty |  | 26 March | Thirty French knights from Chateau Josselin under Jean de Beaumanoir call out and defeat thirty English knights under Robert Bemborough.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Medemblik  [nl] |  | March—April | William I, Duke of Bavaria captures Medemblik.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Saintes |  | 1 April | English relief army lifted a French siege.
Battle of Ardres | 6 June | French defeated the English.
Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Veere |  | 10 June | The fleet of Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut defeats the fleet of her son William I, Duke of Bavaria, after which Margaret captures Zeeland.
Battle of Zwartewaal | 3-5 July | The Cod fleet of William I defeats the Hook fleet of his mother Margaret II.
Siege of Geertruidenberg | Oct 1351—18 Aug 1352 | William I, Duke of Bavaria captures Geertruidenberg.
1352 | Breton War of Succession | Battle of Mauron |  | 14 Aug | Anglo-Bretons defeated the French.
1354 | Byzantine–Ottoman wars | Fall of Gallipoli |  | March | Ottoman Turks under Sultan Orhan capture Gallipoli, giving them a bridgehead into Europe.
War of the Straits | Battle of Sapienza |  | 4 Nov | Genoans destroy Venetian fleet.
1356 | Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Soest  [nl] |  | 14 March | The army of Bavaria-Straubing and the County of Holland defeats the army of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht.
| Battle of Scheut  [nl] |  | 17 Aug | The Flemish army defending the claim of Louis II, Count of Flanders as duke of Brabant defeats an army of Brabant, supporting Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg as the new duke.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Poitiers |  | 25 Oct | Edward the Black Prince captures King John II of France, France plunges into chaos.
| Baile Loch Deacair |  |  | In southern Connacht.
1357 | Majapahit–Sundanese conflicts | Battle of Bubat |  |  | Majapahit Prime Minister Gajah Mada has the Sunda royal family killed.
1358 | Jacquerie | Battle of Mello |  | 10 June | Army of French nobles crushes the peasant Jacquerie.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Heusden  [nl] |  | 1 Sep 1358—20 Feb 1359 | The army of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, count of Holland captures rebel Cod Heusden.
Siege of Heemskerk  [nl] | 4 Dec 1358—24 March 1359 | The army of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, count of Holland captures rebel Cod Heemskerk.
1359 | Siege of Delft [nl] | 11 March—29 May | Albert I of Bavaria and Holland captures rebel Cod controlled Delft.
War of the Two Pedros | Battle of Barcelona |  | 9-11 Jun | A fleet of Aragon defeats a fleet of Castile, Portugal and Granada.
| Battle of Achelous |  | Late Spring | Albanians under John Spata defeat Despotate of Epirus and form several Despotates in parts of their land.
| Battle of Campo delle Mosche |  | 23 July | Florentines defeat Great Company.
War of the Two Pedros | Battle of Araviana |  | 22 Sep | Henry of Trastámara and Aragon defeat supporters of king Peter of Castile.
1361 |  Danish–Hanseatic War | Battle of Visby |  | 27 July | Poorly armed farmers from the island of Gotland are defeated by a Danish army. The battle became notable after an excavation revealed numerous mass graves containing the dead from the battle, many still wearing their armour.
1362 | Reconquista | Battle of Guadix |  | Jan | Granada defeats Castile.
Lithuanian Crusade | Siege of Kaunas |  | 13 March—17 April | Teutonic Order defeats Grand Duchy of Lithuania, captures and razes the Kaunas Castle.
| Battle of Brignais |  | 6 April | Mercenary Free Companies defeat a French army.
Great Troubles | Battle of Blue Waters |  | Autumn 1362 or 1363 | The Pagan Lithuanians defeat Islamic Tatar Forces.
Danish–Hanseatic War | Battle of Helsingborg |  | 8 July | Danish fleet beat Hanseatic fleet.
1363 | Red Turban Rebellion | Battle of Lake Poyang |  | 30 Aug—4 Oct | Ming dynasty decisively defeats Yuan dynasty and kills their commander Chen Youliang.
1364 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Cocherel |  | 16 May | French defeat Gascon-Navarrese-English.
| Battle of Cascina |  | 28 July | Battle between the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence.
War of the Breton Succession | Battle of Auray |  | 29 Sep | End of Breton War of Succession, English defeat Franco-Bretons.
Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Sırpsındığı |  |  | Ottomans decisively defeat Serbs joined by crusader coalition of Bulgaria, Hungary and Wallachia. The Ottomans annexed Adrianople which became their second capital due to this battle and gained a foothold into the Balkans.
1365 | Crusades | Sack of Alexandria |  | 9-12 Oct | Peter I of Cyprus leads Cypriots to take and sack Alexandria for three days.
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Adrianople |  |  | Capture by Ottoman Turks.
1367 | Castilian Civil War | Battle of Nájera |  | 3 April | English under the Black Prince and Don Pedro of Castile defeat the Franco-Castilians.
| Battle of Dinklar  [de] |  | 3 Sep | Gerhard vom Berge, Bishop of Hildesheim, defeats Magnus I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Dietrich von Portitz, Archbishop of Magdeburg and Albert von Rickmersdorf, Bishop of Halberstadt.
| First Albanian Siege of Ioannina |  | 1367—1370 | Albanian and Aromanian troops attack Ioannina for three years, ending in a ceasefire.
1369 | Castilian Civil War | Battle of Montiel |  | 14 March | Franco-Castilians under King Henry II of Castile defeated Portuguese-Marinids-Grenadines-Jews under his half-brother Don Pedro of Castile, who is captured and executed.
Reconquista |  Siege of Algeciras | July | Granada retakes city from Castile.
| Battle of Poni |  |  | Majapahit Empire and Bruneian Empire defeat Sulu Sultanate.
1370 | Northern Crusades | Battle of Rudau |  | Feb | Teutonic Knights defeat Lithuanians.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Pontvallain |  | 4 Dec | French victory against English.
Timurid conquests and invasions |  Siege of Balkh |  |  | Timur defeats and has killed his brother-in-law Amir Husayn and gains control of the western Chagatai.
1371 |  | Battle of Baesweiler |  | 22 Aug | Edward, Duke of Guelders and William II, Duke of Jülich defeat Wenceslaus, Duke of Brabant.
Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Maritsa |  | 26 Sep | Serbs under their ruler King Vukašin of Serbia who is killed in battle along with his brother, were defeated by an Ottoman force. Southern Serbia soon annexed by Ottomans.
1372 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of La Rochelle |  | 22-23 June | Castilian fleet defeats the English fleet. English sea dominance destroyed.
1373 | Battle of Chiset | 21 March | French defeat an English relief army trying to lift the siege of Chiset.
| Battle of Leveste  [de] |  | 25 July | Otto I, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg defeats Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Magnus dies in the battle.
First War of the Guelderian Succession | Siege of Venlo |  |  | John II, Count of Blois besieges Venlo against his contender William II, Duke of Jülich.
1375 | War of the Eight Saints | Cesena Bloodbath |  | 1375—July 1378 | 2,500/5,000 inhabitants of the Italian city of Cesena are slaughtered by Papal troops led by John Hawkwood.
Byzantine-Latin Wars | Battle of Gardiki |  |  | Achaean victory defeats Morean siege
Great Troubles | Battle on Pyana River |  | 2 Aug | The Russian troops are defeated, while their commander drowns in the river.
1378 |  | Knights Hospitaller Invasion of Arta |  | April | Knights Hospitaller attempt to capture the Despotate of Arta but fail.
Great Troubles | Battle of the Vozha River |  | 11 Aug | Moscow defeats the Golden Horde.
1380 | Battle of Kulikovo | 8 Sep | Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow halts the Mongols.
| Battle of Dubravnica |  | Summer 1380 or Dec 1381 | Moravian Serbia defeats the Ottoman Empire.
Frisian War | Battle of Loppersum [fy] |  | End 1380 or early 1381 | Chieftain Ocko I tom Brok of Norderland and Emsigerland defeats chieftains Kampo Abdena of Hinte and Folkmar Allena of Osterhusen.
| Battle of Jinpo |  |  | A navy built by Goryeo defeats Japanese Wokou pirates. First historical battle involving gunpowder ships.
1381 | Peasants' Revolt | Battle of North Walsham |  | 25 or 26 June | Forces led by Henry le Despenser defeat the rebels of Norfolk at the end of the English Peasants' Revolt.
| Battle of Dubravnica |  | Summer 1380 or Dec 1381 | Serbs defeat Ottomans under Murad I.
Great Troubles | Second Battle of the Kalka River |  |  | Tokhtamysh defeats Mamai and gains control of the Blue Horde.
1382 | Revolt of Ghent | Battle of Beverhoutsveld |  | 3 May | Ghent rebels under Philip van Artevelde defeat the army of Louis II, Count of Flanders.
Post-Great Troubles | Siege of Moscow |  | 23-27 Aug | Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde takes back control of Moscow from the Principality of Moscow.
Revolt of Ghent and Hundred Years' War | Battle of Roosebeke |  | 27 Nov | French army under King Charles VI of France crush a large Flemish army of urban levies.
1383 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Dunkirk |  | May | Ghent rebels under Frans Ackerman and an English army under Henry le Despenser defeat the armies of Louis II, Count of Flanders and king Charles VI of France.
Siege of Ypres |  | 8 June—8 Aug | An English army under Henry le Despenser and Ghent rebels fail to take Ypres from Louis II, Count of Flanders.
| Trian Chongail |  |  | Hugh O Neill and Robin Savage kill each other in a cavalry charge.
1384 | 1383-1385 Crisis | Battle of Atoleiros |  | 6 April | Nuno Álvares Pereira (Portuguese general) defeats Castile.
Siege of Lisbon | 29 May—3 Sep | Portugal successfully defends its capital from the Castilians.
Battle of Tejo | July | The Portuguese win a naval battle in the Tagus river.
Battle of Leça |  | The Castilian blockade to Porto is stopped.
1385 | Battle of Trancoso | 29 May | An army sent by John I of Castile is defeated by the Portuguese.
Battle of Aljubarrota | 14 Aug | Portugal maintains independence from Castile, John I establishes Avis dynasty.
Thopia expansionist Wars | Battle of Savra |  | 18 Sep | Zeta (Montenegro) forces under Balša II were defeated by Ottoman commander Hayreddin Pasha near Berat.
1383-1385 Crisis | Battle of Valverde |  | 14 Oct | The Portuguese defeat a Castilian army.
Norman wars in Ireland | Battle of Tochar Cruachain-Bri-Ele |  |  | O Conchobhair, King of Uí Falighe, soundly defeats the English of Meath.
1386 |  | Battle of the Vikhra River |  | 29 April | Grand Duchy of Lithuania decisively defeats the Principality of Smolensk and make the principality agree to be their vassal.
Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy | Battle of Sempach |  | 9 July | Swiss defeat Leopold III of Austria.
Timurid invasions of Georgia | Siege of Tbilisi |  |  | Timur decisively defeats the Kingdom of Georgia.
Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Pločnik |  |  | Serbian victory and first serious defeat for the Ottoman army in the Balkans.
1387 |  | Battle of Castagnaro |  | 11 March | Giovanni Ordelaffi and Ostasio da Polenta, for Verona, defeated by John Hawkwood and Francesco Novello Carraresi, for Padua.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Margate |  | 24-25 March | An English fleet under Richard, Earl of Arundel defeats a Franco-Castilian-Flemish wine fleet under Sir Jean de Bucq in the area of the southern North Sea between Margate and Cadzand.
| Battle of Radcot Bridge | 19 Dec | Rebellious Lords Appellant defeat a Royal army and briefly gain control of the government.
Timurid Wars | Siege of Isfahan |  |  | Timur annexes Isfahan and nearby territories from the Muzaffarids.
1388 | Wars of the Hongwu Emperor | Battle of Buir Lake | / | March | Ming Chinese army under general Lan Yu decisively defeated Mongol Northern Yuan dynasty, more than 100,000 Mongols killed or captured.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Otterburn |  | 19 Aug | English under a young Henry "Hotspur" Percy defeated by Scots under James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas.
| Battle of Döffingen [de] |  | 23 Aug | The league of princes and the league of knights under Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg defeat the Swabian League of Cities under 'Städtehauptmann' or military commander Konrad Besserer of Ulm.
Bosnian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Bileća |  | 27 Aug | Bosnians and Serbians defeat the Ottomans.
1389 | Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Kosovo Polje |  | 15 June | A Turkish army gathered by Murad I and a Serbian army under Knez Lazar beat each other into the ground. The battle was a draw, yet in the wake of it the Serbs were left with too few men to effectively defend their lands, while the Turks had many more troops in the east. Both Lazar and Murad lost their lives in the battle.
1391 | Tokhtamysh–Timur war | Battle of the Kondurcha River |  | 18 June | Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde.
First Florentine–Milanese War | Battle of Alessandria |  | 25 July | Mercenary army of Gian Galeazzo Visconti of Milan beat that of Jean III of Armagnac.
1393 |  | Second Siege of Altena Castle |  | July | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and count of Holland captures rebel Altena Castle.
1394 | Norman wars in Ireland | Battle of Ros-mic-Triuin |  |  | King of Leinster attacks and defeats the English.
1395 | Tokhtamysh–Timur war | Battle of the Terek River |  | 14 April | Timur decisively defeats Tokhtamysh.
| Battle of Portomaggiore |  | 16 April | Astorre I Manfredi for the Republic of Venice and Niccolò III d'Este beat Ferrarese rebel Azzo X d'Este.
Ottoman-Wallachian wars | Battle of Rovine |  | 17 May | Mircea cel Batrin the voievod of Wallachia defeated Bayezid I, sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
1396 | Friso-Hollandic Wars | Battle of Schoterzijl [nl] |  | 29 Aug | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and count of Holland defeats the Frisians.
Clan Cameron-Clan Mackintosh feud | Battle of the North Inch |  | Late Sep | Scottish clan battle.
Crusades | Battle of Nicopolis |  | 25 Sep | A major French–Hungarian crusade is defeated by the Ottomans under Bayezid I.
1397 |  | Battle of Kleverhamm [de] |  | 7 June | Adolph I, Duke of Cleves and Dietrich IX, Count of Mark defeat duke William II of Berg and duke William I of Guelders and Jülich.
1398 | Timurid conquests and invasions | Sack of Delhi |  | 17-20 Dec | Timur defeats the Sultanate of Delhi and sacks their capital, weakening Delhi for a century.
1399 | Golden Horde conflicts | Battle of the Vorskla River |  | 12 Aug | Vytautas the Great of Lithuania is defeated by generals of Tamerlane.
Norman wars in Ireland | Battle of Tragh-Bhaile |  |  | The Anglo-Irish defeat the sons of Henry O Neill.

## Early 15th century (1401–50)

[edit]

Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1400 |  | Battle of Bergtheim [de] |  | 11 Jan | Gerhard von Schwarzburg, bishop of Würzburg, defeats rebel farmers and citizens of the cities.
Timurid conquests and invasions | Battle of Aleppo |  | Oct—Nov | Timur decisively defeats the Mamluk Sultanate, destroying their forces attempting to defend Syria.
Siege of Damascus | Dec 1400—March 1401 | Timur defeats Mamluk Sultanate and annexes Damascus.
1401 | Glyndŵr rebellion | Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen |  | Mid-June | Welsh rebels under Owain Glyndŵr defeat an army of English and Flemish soldiers near Aberystwyth.
Battle of Tuthill | 2 Nov | Inconclusive battle between English and Welsh near Caernarfon.
1402 | Third Florentine–Milanese War | Battle of Casalecchio |  | 26 Jan | Alberico da Barbiano for Milan defeats Bolognese–Florentine army under Muzio Attendolo.
Glyndŵr rebellion | Battle of Bryn Glas |  | 22 June | English army routed in mid-Wales; Owain Glyndŵr's revolt spreads.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Nesbit Moor |  | Clash between English and Scottish prior to the decisive Battle of Homildon Hill.
Timurid conquests and invasions | Battle of Ankara |  | 28 July | Timur defeats and captures Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I in Anatolia. Also called the Battle of Angora.
Arkel War | Siege of Gorinchem [nl] |  | 29 June—18 Sep | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and of Holland defeats John V, Lord of Arkel.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Homildon Hill |  | 14 Sep | A strong Scottish raiding force is heavily defeated by English longbowmen.
Timurid conquests and invasions | Siege of Smyrna |  | Dec | Timur defeats the Knights of Rhodes and razes Smyrna.
1403 | Glyndŵr Rising | Battle of Shrewsbury |  | 21 July | Henry IV defeats rebel army led by Henry "Hotspur" Percy, who is slain in the fighting.
Timurid conquests and invasions | Siege of Birtvisi |  |  | Timur besieges fortress of the Georgian Kingdom.
| Battle of Ziela |  |  | Ethiopia under Dawit I defeats and kills Sultan Sa'ad ad-Din II, bringing a final conquest to the Ifat Sultanate.
1405 | Glyndŵr Rising | Battle of Pwll Melyn |  | May | Owain Glyndŵr's rebels defeated near Usk.
1406 | Norman wars in Ireland | Cluain Immorrais |  |  | The King of Uí Falighe defeats the Galls of Meath.
Reconquista | Battle of Collejares |  |  | King Henry III of Castile defeats sultan Muhammad VII of Granada.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Tuiteam Tarbhach |  |  | Scottish clan battle fought between the Clan MacLeod of Lewis against the Clan MacKay.
1407 | Ming–Hồ War | Battle of Lạng Sơn |  | 19 Jan | Ming Chinese forces defeated Đại Ngu forces.
| Siege of Maastricht [nl] |  | 24 Nov 1407—23 Sep 1408 | Rebels from Liège fail to take Maastricht from supporters of bishop John of Bavaria of Liège.
Ming–Hồ War | Battle of Sông Phú Lương |  |  | Chinese Ming dynasty decisively defeated the Vietnamese Hồ dynasty, led to the Ming conquest of Đại Ngu.
Ming treasure voyages | Battle of Palembang |  |  | Ming dynasty defeats pirates in Sumatra and captures their leader Chen Zuyi.
1408 | Percy Rebellion | Battle of Bramham Moor |  | 19 Feb | The Percy Rebellion is finally crushed by King Henry IV of England.
Wars of Liège | Battle of Othée |  | 23 Sep | John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy defeats rebels from the city of Liège, which greatly enriches him and puts him in a strong position for the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War.
1409 | Aragonese conquest of Sardinia | Battle of Sanluri |  | 30 June | Aragon defeats the giudicato di Arborea, last independent kingdom of Sardinia.
Wars of the Yongle Emperor | Battle of Kherlen |  | 23 Sep | The Mongols under Öljei Temür Khan defeat Ming China.
1410 | Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War | Battle of Grunwald |  | 15 July | Polish and Lithuanian army under Władysław II Jagiełło break the spine of the Teutonic Knights under Ulrich von Jungingen. Also called the Battle of Tannenberg.
Battle of Koronowo | 10 Oct | Polish-Lithuania army defeat Teutonic Knights.
1411 |  | Battle of Roccasecca |  | 19 May | Louis II of Anjou defeats Ladislaus of Naples for the control of the Kingdom of Naples.
Clan Donald and Stewart royal family wars | Battle of Harlaw |  | 24 July | Highlanders versus Lowland Scots ends in draw.
Byzantine–Ottoman wars and Ottoman Interregnum | Siege of Constantinople |  |  | Short and unsuccessful siege of Constantinople by Musa Çelebi.
1412 | Count of Urgell's revolt | Battle of Morvedre |  |  | Ferdinand of Antequera defeats James II, Count of Urgell in a civil war in Aragon.
Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War | Battle of Saint-Rémy-du-Val [fr] |  | 9 May | The Burgundians under Waleran III, Count of Ligny and Philippe d'Harcourt defeat the Armagnacs under John I, Duke of Alençon and Raoul de Gaucourt.
Siege of Bourges [fr] | 11 June—12 July | After a month of siege, king Charles VI of France decides for a truce with the Armagnacs.
Siege of Dreux [fr] | 10-15 July | Burgundians capture Dreux from the Armagnacs in a French civil war.
Campaigns of Qara Yusuf | Battle of Chalagan |  | Dec | Kara Koyunlu Turkomans defeat the Georgian army under Constantine I of Georgia and Shirvanshah Ibrahim, their ally.
1413 | Ottoman Interregnum | Battle of Çamurlu |  | 5 July | Mehmed I defeats and executes Musa Çelebi, reuniting the Ottoman Empire.
1415 | Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Conquest of Ceuta |  | 21 Aug | Ceuta is captured by the Portuguese.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Agincourt |  | 25 Oct | An outnumbered English force under Henry V defeats the French through the use of massed longbowmen behind sharpened stakes.
1416 | Hook and Cod wars | First Siege of IJsselstein [nl] |  | 5-30 May | William II, Duke of Bavaria and count of Holland captures IJsselstein after a truce, which ends the rebellion of John II, Lord of Egmond.
Ottoman–Venetian Wars | Battle of Gallipoli |  | 29 May | A Venetian fleet under Pietro Loredan destroys the Ottoman fleet.
1417 | Hook and Cod wars | Second Siege of IJsselstein [nl] |  | 10-24 June | A Cod army besieged a Hook army in IJsselstein. A truce brokered by John III, Duke of Bavaria makes an end to the siege.
Great Frisian War | Battle of Okswerderzijl |  | 18 June | The Allies (Vetkopers and Bronckhorsts) under Keno II tom Brok, Focko Ukena and Sibet Papinga defeat the Schieringers under Sicko Sjaerda and Coppen Jarges.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Gorinchem [nl] |  | 23 or 24 Nov—1 Dec | A Hook army defeats a Cod army in the city of Gorinchem.
1418 | Siege of Dordrecht [nl] | 28 June—10 Aug | An army under Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and John IV, Duke of Brabant fails to capture Dordrecht from supporters of John III, Duke of Bavaria.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Rouen |  | 29 July 1418—19 Jan 1419 | Henry V of England gains a foothold in Normandy.
Great Frisian War | Battle of Dokkum [nl] |  |  | Allies under Focko Ukena defeat the Schieringers under Sicko Sjaerda.
1419 | Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Siege of Ceuta |  | 13-17 Aug | The Moors attempt to retake Ceuta but are easily repelled by the Portuguese.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Vysehrad |  | 16 Aug 1419—Nov 1420 | Series of engagements between the Hussite forces and the Holy Roman Emperor's crusaders.
Great Frisian War | Battle of Miedum  [nl] |  | 19 or 20 Aug | Schieringers under Sicko Sjaerda defeat the allies.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Živohoště |  | 4 Nov | The Hussites defeat Bohemian Catholics commanded by Petr of Sternberg and Jan Ptáček of Pirkštejn
Hundred Years' War | Battle of la Rochelle |  | 30 Dec | A Castilian fleet defeats an English-Hanseatic coalition fleet.
Lam Sơn uprising | Siege of Dong Quan |  | 1419—1428 | Ming city besieged every year of Lam Son uprising, eventually fell to Le Loi.
1420 | Hussite Wars | Battle of Sudomer |  | 25 March | Hussites led by Jan Žižka defeat Catholics.
Great Frisian War | Battle on the Palesloot [nl] |  | 12 May | The Allies under Focko Ukena defeat the Schieringers.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Vitkov Hill |  | 12 June—14 July | Hussite victory over the Crusaders of the Holy Roman Emperor.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Montereau-Fault-Yonnefr [fr] |  | 16 June—1 July | An army under king Henry V of England and duke Philip the Good of Burgundy captures Montereau-Fault-Yonne from the French.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Leiden [nl] |  | 18 June—17 Aug | An army under John III, Duke of Bavaria captures Leiden from supporters of Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut.
Great Frisian War | Battle of Sloten [nl] |  | 11 July | An army of Schieringers under Sicko Sjaerda and Cods under Hendrik van Renesse defeats the allies (Vetkopers and Bronckhorsts) under Focko Ukena.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Geertruidenberg [nl] |  | End Aug—11 Nov | Supporters of John III, Duke of Bavaria defeat supporters of Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut.
1421 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Baugé |  | 22 March | The French and Scottish forces of Charles VII of France commanded by the Earl of Buchan defeat an English army after a reckless cavalry charge by Henry V's younger brother, the Duke of Clarence, who is slain in the fighting.
Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War | Battle of Mons-en-Vimeu [fr] |  | 30 Aug | The Burgundians under duke Philip the Good defeat the Armagnacs under Jaqcues d'Harcourt, Jean Poton de Xaintrailles and La Hire.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Meaux |  | 6 Oct 1421—10 May 1422 | English led by Henry V fight the French.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Kutna Hora |  | 21 Dec | Hussites escape Royalist forces of Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund.
1422 | Battle of Nebovidy | 6 Jan | Jan Žižka leads the Hussites to victory over an Imperial army.
Battle of Německý Brod | 10 Jan | Hussites sack town.
Byzantine–Ottoman wars | Siege of Constantinople |  | 10 June—Sep | Large-scale but unsuccessful siege of Constantinople by the Ottomans.
Transalpine campaigns | Battle of Arbedo |  | 30 June | Milanese led by Francesco Bussone fight the Swiss.
Byzantine–Ottoman wars and Ottoman–Venetian wars | Siege of Thessalonica |  | June 1422—29 March 1430 | The city of Thessalonica, ruled by the Republic of Venice, is captured by the Ottoman Empire after a nearly 8 year siege.
Bavarian War | Battle of Alling [de] |  | 19 Sep | Ernest, Duke of Bavaria-Munich and William III, Duke of Bavaria-Munich defeat Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt
1423 | Hussite Wars | Battle of Hořic |  | 27 April | Taborites defeat Utraquists, ending the Hussite Civil War.
| Battle of L'Aquila |  | 7 May 1423—5 June 1424 | Jacopo Caldora and Micheletto Attendolo for the Kingdom of Naples defeat Braccio da Montone for Alfonso V of Aragon.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Cravant |  | 31 July | English victory.
Battle of La Brossinière | 26 Sep | French victory over English.
1424 | Wars in Lombardy | Battle of Zagonara |  | 28 July | The Florentines defeated by Filippo Maria Visconti's Milanese army under Count of Carmagnola.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Verneuil |  | 17 Aug | The English under the Duke of Bedford defeat a major Franco-Scottish army, clearing the way for further English conquests in Northern France.
1425 | Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Schoonhoven [nl] |  | 10 March—8 Oct | A Hook army under Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut managed to capture and hold Schoonhoven, from Cod armies, fighting for duke Philip the Good of Burgundy.
Battle of Alphen aan den Rijn [nl] | 21 Oct | A Hook army under Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut defeats a Cod army under Jacob van Gaasbeek.
1426 | Battle of Brouwershaven | 13 Jan | Burgundian troops defeat combined Zeelander and English forces.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of St. James |  | 6 March | An English force defeats the French under Arthur de Richemont.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Haarlem [nl] |  | 4 April—8 May | The army of Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut fails to take Haarlem from duke Philip the Good of Burgundy.
Battle of Alphen aan den Rijn [nl] | 30 April | The army of Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut defeats a Burgundian army.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Usti nad Labem |  | 16 June | Hussites defeat Imperial forces in the modern-day Czech Republic.
Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus | Battle of Khirokitia |  | 7 July | Mamelukes defeat intoxicated Cypriots.
Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Hoorn [nl] |  | 22 Aug | An army under duke Philip the Good of Burgundy defeats a Hook army.
Pre-East Frisian Liberation Wars | Battle of Detern |  | 27 Sep | East Frisian rebels under chieftain Focko Ukena of Moormerland and Lengenerland and Chieftain Sibet Lubben of Rüstringen and Östringen defeat Chieftain Ocko II tom Brok of Brokmerland.
Lam Sơn uprising | Battle of Tốt Động – Chúc Động |  | 5-7 Nov | Le Loi decisively defeats Ming dynasty.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Zevenbergen  [nl] |  | Nov 1426—11 April 1427 | The army of duke Philip the Good of Burgundy captures Zevenbergen.
1427 |  Dano-Hanseatic War | Battle of Øresund [da] | / | 11-15 July | The navy of the Kalmar Union and Pomerania-Wolgast-Barth defeats the Hanseatic League.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Montargis |  | 15 July—5 Sep | French under Jean de Dunois defeat English.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Tachov |  | 3-4 Aug | Hussites defeat coalition forces.
Lam Sơn uprising | Battle of Chi Lăng |  | 18 Sep | Vietnam decisively defeats Ming Chinese. China agrees to Vietnam's independence soon after.
Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Wieringen  [nl] |  | Sep | A Burgundian fleet defeats a Hook fleet.
Wars in Lombardy | Battle of Maclodio |  | 4 Oct |
East Frisian Liberation Wars | Battle of the Wild Fields [de] |  | 28 Oct | Chieftain Focko Ukena of Moormerland and Lengenerland defeats chieftain Ocko II tom Brok of Brokmerland and Auricherland.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Amersfoort [nl] |  | 1-8 Nov | Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy fails to take Amersfoort from the local citizens, fighting for bishop Rudolf van Diepholt of Utrecht.
Byzantine-Latin Wars | Battle of the Echinades |  |  | Byzantines defeat Carlo I Tocco and recapture the Latin possessions in the Peloponnese.
Vijayanagara–Gajapati wars | Battle of Kondavidu |  |  | Vijayanagara under Deva Raya II fights Eastern Gangas.
1428 | Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Gouda |  | May—July | Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut capitulates to duke Philip the Good of Burgundy.
Hundred Years' War | Siege of Orléans |  | 12 Oct 1428—8 May 1429 | English forces commanded by the Earl of Suffolk besiege French city and are driven off by Joan of Arc.
1429 | Battle of Jargeau | 11-12 June | Joan of Arc captures a bridge held by English over the Loire River. Her helmet saves her from a projectile.
Battle of Meung-sur-Loire | The forces of Joan of Arc capture a second Loire River bridge.
Battle of Beaugency | 16-17 June | Joan of Arc's forces capture a third Loire River bridge.
Battle of Patay | 18 June | Major French field victory over the English, recognized as the war's turning point.
1430 | Siege of Compiègne | 23 May—early Nov | French victory but Joan of Arc is captured by Burgundians.
1431 | Wars in Lombardy | Battle of Soncino |  | 17 May | Count of Carmagnola, for Venice, is defeated by the Visconti.
Battle of Pavia | 22 May | The Venetian fleet is destroyed by the Milanese.
Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War and Hundred Years' War | Battle of Bulgnéville |  | 2 July | Antoine, Count of Vaudémont, Burgundy and England defeat René of Anjou and the Armagnac party of France.
Hussite Wars | Battle of Domažlice |  | 14 Aug | Hussite army led by Prokop the Bald slaughters Crusaders.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Inverlochy |  | Sep | Royal English forces routed by Scottish Highlanders.
| Siege of Angkor |  |  | Thai Ayutthaya Kingdom ends Khmer Empire and sacks their capital.
1432 | Wars in Lombardy | Battle of San Romano |  | 1 June | Florence fought Siena.
Battle of Delebio | 18-19 Nov | Duchy of Milan and Valtellina fight the Republic of Venice.
1434 | Hussite Wars | Battle of Lipany |  | 30 May | Catholic Crusaders destroy Taborite army.
1435 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Gerbevoy |  | 9 May | French troops, under the command of La Hire, defeat English.
Aragonese conquest of Naples | Battle of Ponza |  | 5 Aug | A Genoese fleet sent by Filippo Maria Visconti defeats the Aragonese of Alfonso V of Naples.
Lithuanian Civil War | Battle of Wiłkomierz |  | 1 Sep | The forces of Grand Duke Sigismund Kęstutaitis of Lithuania with the help of Polish troops defeated Švitrigaila and his Livonian allies.
Anglo-Scottish Border Wars | Battle of Piperdean |  | 10 Sep | Scottish victory over the English on the Scottish Borders.
1437 | Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Tangier |  | 13 Sep - 19 Oct | Vizier Abu Zakariya Yahya al-Wattasi of Morocco defeats Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal.
First Russo-Kazan war | Battle of Belyov |  | 8 Dec | Tatars defeat Moscow.
1439 | Post-Hussite Wars | Battle of Grotniki |  | 4 or 6 May | Polish army defeats Hussite Protestants.
Eric of Pomerania's War against Sweden | Siege of Älvsborg |  | Summer | Norwegian army is forced to retreat after a 10 week long siege by a Swedish relief force
1440 | Wars in Lombardy | Battle of Anghiari |  | 29 June | Niccolò Piccinino, overlord of Bologna, defeats Milanese Filippo Maria Visconti and is then opposed by Cosimo de Medici.
Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Novo Brdo |  | Oct 1440—27 June 1441 | Ottoman forces captured Novo Brdo, an important fortified mining town of Serbia.
1443 | Old Zürich War | Battle of Freienbach |  | 22 May | Switzerland under Ital Reding the Elder, Landammann of Schwyz defeats a German Habsburg Imperial army, Zürich and Rapperswil under Habsburg commander Albrecht von Landenberg.
Battle of Hirzel | 24 May | Switzerland defeats Zürich and a German Habsburg Imperial army.
Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl | 22 July | Switzerland defeats Zürich and a German Habsburg Imperial army under Rudolf Stüssi, mayor of Zürich.
Crusade of Varna | Battle of Niš |  | Early Nov | John Hunyadi defeated three Ottoman armies before retreating.
Battle of Zlatica |  | 12 Dec | Crusader advance stopped by the Ottoman army.
1444 | Battle of Kunovica |  | 2 or 5 Jan | Hungary, Poland, and Serbia defeated Ottoman forces.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Torvioll |  | 29 June | Albanians under Skanderbeg defeat Ottomans.
| Siege of Rhodes |  | 10 Aug—18 Sep | Knights Hospitaller defeats Mamluk Sultanate.
Old Zürich War | Battle of St. Jakob an der Birs |  | 26 Aug | French defeat Swiss.
War of the Guelderian Succession | Battle of Linnich [de] |  | 3 Nov | The army of Gerhard VII, Duke of Jülich-Berg defeats the army of Arnold, Duke of Guelders.
Crusade of Varna | Battle of Varna |  | 10 Nov | Ottoman Sultan Murad II defeats Hungarians, Poles, and Wallachians, King Władysław III of Poland killed.
1445 | Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445 | First Battle of Olmedo |  | 19 May | King John II of Castile defeats Aragon, king John II of Navarre and Castilian rebels.
Old Zürich War | Battle of Wolfhalden |  | 11 June | The Swiss of Appenzell defeat king Frederick III of Germany.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Mokra |  | 10 Oct | Albanians under Skanderbeg defeat Ottomans.
Old Zürich War | Battle of Männedorf |  | 29 Oct | The navy of Zürich under William, Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg defeats the Swiss of Schwyz.
| Battle of Gomit |  | 25 Dec | Emperor Zara Yaqob of Ethiopia defeats and kills Sultan Arwe Badlay of Adal.
1446 | Old Zürich War | Battle of Ragaz |  | 6 March | Switzerland under Landammann Jost Tschüdi the Elder of Glarus and Landammann Ital Reding the Younger of Schwyz defeat a German Imperial army under commander knight Hans von Rechberg.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Otonetë |  | 22 Sep | Skanderbeg defeats Ottomans.
1447 | Timurid Civil Wars | Battle of Damghan |  |  | Abdal-Latif Mirza captures Damghan.
1448 | Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Svetigrad |  | 14 May—31 July | Ottomans under Murad II capture Albanian fortress.
Wars in Lombardy and Milanese War of Succession | Battle of Caravaggio |  | 15 Sep | Ambrosian Republic (Milan's short-lived republic) fights the Republic of Venice.
Hungarian–Ottoman Wars and Ottoman–Wallachian wars | Battle of Kosovo |  | 17-20 Oct | Roman Catholic coalition defeated by Ottoman Turkish forces.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Sark |  | 23 Oct | Also known as Battle of Lochmabenstone – Anglo-Scottish conflicts.
Reconquista | Battle of Hellín |  | Dec | Sultan Muhammad IX of Granada defeats Castile under Alfonso Téllez-Girón, 1st Count of Ureña.
1449 |  | Battle of Alfarrobeira |  | 20 May | Afonso V of Portugal defeats rebels of Pedro, Duke of Coimbra.
| Battle of Tumu Fortress |  | 1 Sep | Conflict between the Mongols and the Chinese Ming dynasty. Mongol victory.
War of the Cities | Battle of Waldstetten [de] |  | Ulrich V, Count of Württemberg defeats the imperial free city of Schwäbisch Gmünd.
1450 | Hundred Years' War | Battle of Formigny |  | 15 April | Decisive French victory over English.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Krujë |  | 14 May—23 Nov | Skanderbeg defends Albanian town from an army of around 100,000 men led by Murad I.
| Battle of the Five Forts |  |  | Māori Ngāti Hotu tribe decisively defeated by the Whanganui Māori tribe.

## Late 15th century (1451–1500)

[edit]

Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1451 | Navarrese Civil War (1451–1455) | Battle of Aibar |  | 25 Oct | King John II of Navarre defeats Charles, Prince of Viana.
1452 | Reconquista | Battle of Los Alporchones | 17 Mar | King John II of Castile defeats sultan Muhammad IX of Granada.
Ghent War | Battle of Nevele [nl] |  | 25 May | A Burgundian army under John of Burgundy defeats a rebel army of Ghent.
Battle of Bazel | 16 June | A Burgundian army under duke Philip the Good defeats a rebel army of Ghent under Wouter Leenknecht.
| Battle of Rafal Garcés |  | 31 Aug | Aragon, under Francesc d'Erill i de Centelles defeats Forana rebels, commanded by Jaume Nicolau on the island of Majorca.
1453 | Byzantine–Ottoman wars | Battle of Constantinople |  | 6 April—29 May | Mehmet II of the Ottoman Turks captures Constantinople (Istanbul), ending the Byzantine Empire.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Polog |  | 22 April | Skanderbeg defeats Ottomans.
Hundred Years' War | Battle of Castillon |  | 17 July | The Valois use cannon to defeat the Lancastrians, which ends the Hundred Years' War.
Ghent War | Battle of Gavere |  | 23 July | A Burgundian army under duke Philip the Good defeats a rebel army of Ghent.
1454 | Münster Diocesan Feud | Battle of Varlar |  | 18 July | The Archbishopric of Cologne, Bishopric of Utrecht, County of Bentheim-Steinfurt and the County of Lippe fighting for Walram von Moers defeat the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg and allies fighting for Erich von Hoya in the Münster Diocesan Feud.
Thirteen Years' War | Battle of Chojnice |  | 18 Sep | Polish defeated by Teutonic Knights.
Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Leskovac |  | 24 Sep | Serbs under command of Nikola Skobaljić defeat a larger Ottoman army.
Battle of Kruševac | 2 Oct | Serbian Despotate, allied with the Kingdom of Hungary, defeats invading Ottoman forces.
1455 | Clan Douglas and Stewart royal family feud | Battle of Arkinholm |  | 1 May | Scottish Royal-Black Douglas civil war.
Wars of the Roses | First Battle of St Albans |  | 22 May | First battle of the English Wars of the Roses, a victory for the pretender Richard of York.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Berat |  | July | Ottomans defeat Albanians under Skanderbeg.
1456 | Hungarian–Ottoman Wars and Serbian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Belgrade |  | 4-22 July | Hungarian forces lift Ottoman siege, Sultan Mehmet II wounded.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Deventer |  | 14 Aug—15 Sep | Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy captures Deventer in order to make his son David of Burgundy bishop of Utrecht during the Utrecht war.
Siamese invasions of Malacca | Battle of Batu Pahat |  |  | Naval battle where the Malacca Sultanate defeated the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
1457 |  | Battle of Direptatea |  | April | Ştefan cel Mare, helped by Wallachian prince Vlad III the Impaler, defeated Petru Aron and became Voivod of Moldavia.
1459 | Wars of the Roses | Battle of Blore Heath |  | 23 Sep | Yorkist knights defeat Lancastrians.
Battle of Ludford Bridge | 12 Oct | King Henry routs Yorkists.
| Siege of Venlo |  |  | Adolf of Guelders surrenders to his father Arnold, Duke of Guelders, ending a rebellion.
1460 | War of Roses | Battle of Sandwich |  | 15 Jan | Yorkists land at Sandwich, rout Lancastrians.
War of Neapolitan Succession | Battle of Nola |  | 7 July | John of Anjou's victory over Ferdinand of Naples.
War of Roses | Battle of Northampton |  | 10 July | Warwick attacks royal camp and captures King Henry.
Battle of Wakefield | 30 Dec | Queen Margaret's Lancastrians defeat Duke of York, who is killed in the fight.
1461 | Battle of Mortimer's Cross | 2 Feb | Yorkists defeat Lancastrians in the west.
Second Battle of St Albans | 17 Feb | Lancastrians storm the town, chase out Yorkists.
Battle of Ferrybridge | 28 March | Lancastrians ambush the Earl of Warwick and kill his second-in-command.
Battle of Towton | 29 March | Edward IV of England defeats Lancastrian forces.
Byzantine–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Trebizond |  | 15 Aug | Ottoman Turks led by Mehmet II capture the capitol of the Empire of Trebizond, ending that empire.
1462 | Ottoman–Wallachian wars | The Night Attack |  | 17 June | Vlad III Dracula attacks Mehmet II.
Bavarian War | Battle of Seckenheim |  | 30 June | The Electoral Palatinate and the Electorate of Mainz defeat the Margraviate of Baden, the County of Württemberg, Palatine Zweibrücken and the Bishopric of Metz.
Conspiracy of the Barons | Battle of Troia |  | 18 Aug | King Ferdinand I of Naples defeats John II, Duke of Lorraine.
Thirteen Years' War | Battle of Świecino |  | 7 Sep | Poles defeat the Teutonic Order.
Expansion of the Ottoman Empire | Siege of Mytilene |  | Sep | Ottoman Turks capture the capitol of Gattilusi Lesbos.
1463 | Georgian civil war | Battle of Chikhori |  | Aug | George VIII of Georgia is decisively defeated by nobles led by his Royal kinsmen Bagrat.
Thirteen Years' War | Battle of Zatoka Świeża |  | 15 Sep | Polish navy defeats Teutonic navy.
Donia War | Battle of Aalsum [nl] |  | 11 Oct | The army of Jancko Douwema defeats the army of the Donias. A feud in Frisia.
Bosnian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Ključ |  |  | Pitched battle between Ottomans and Bosnians resulting in an Ottoman victory.
1464 | Wars of the Roses | Battle of Hedgeley Moor |  | 25 April | Lancastrian defeat Yorkist forces.
Battle of Hexham | 15 May | Yorkists under Montagu annihilate Lancastrians in a surprise attack.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Ohrid |  | 15 Sep | Albanians and Venetians defeat Ottomans.
1465 | Catalan Civil War | Battle of Calaf |  | 28 Feb | King John II of Aragon defeats the Generalitat de Catalunya, commanded by Peter, Constable of Portugal.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Vaikal |  | April | Albanian rebels under Skanderbeg defeat Ottomans.
Battle of Meçad | June | Skanderbeg defeats Ottomans under Ballaban Badera.
War of the Public Weal | Battle of Montlhéry |  | 16 July | Troops of King Louis XI of France fight inconclusively against an army of great nobles.
First Liège War | Battle of Montenaken |  | 20 Oct | The Burgundian army under Charles the Bold defeats the army of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège.
1466 | Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Krujë |  | June 1466—23 April 1467 | Albanians under Skanderbeg repel siege by Sultan Mehmet II.
First Liège War | Siege of Dinant |  | 18-29 Aug | The Burgundian army under Charles the Bold captures and destroys Dinant.
1467 |  | Battle of Molinella |  | 25 July | Bartolomeo Colleoni for Venice is defeated.
| Second Battle of Olmedo |  | 20 Aug | King Henry IV of Castile defeats Alfonso, Prince of Asturias.
Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Krujë |  | Summer | Skanderbeg repels another siege by Mehmet II.
Second Liège War | Battle of Brustem |  | 28 Oct | The Burgundian army under Charles the Bold defeats the army of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège.
| Battle of Baia |  | 15 Dec | Ştefan cel Mare defeated Mathias Corvinus.
1468 | War in Guelders | Battle of Straelen [de] |  | 26 June | An army of Adolf, Duke of Guelders defeats the army of John I, Duke of Cleves.
1469 | Wars of the Roses | Battle of Edgecote Moor |  | 26 July | Warwick the Kingmaker triumphs over Edward IV.
1470 | Battle of Lose-coat Field | 12 March | Yorkists chase disrobing Lancastrians from the field.
First Ottoman–Venetian War | Siege of Negroponte |  | 14 June—12 July | Ottomans besiege and capture the Venetian fortress of Negroponte.
| Battle of Lipnic |  | 20 Aug | Ştefan cel Mare defeats the Tatars.
Muisca Confederation wars | Battle of Pasca |  |  | Southern Muisca Confederation defeats alliance of the Sutagao and Panche.
1471 |  Champa–Đại Việt War | Siege of Vijaya |  | 24 Feb—22 March | Đại Việt captures Vijaya, the capital of Champa.
War of Roses | Battle of Ravenspur |  | 14 March | Edward IV lands at Ravenspur and repulses token resistance.
Battle of Barnet | 14 April | Confusion in the fog, Earl of Warwick killed.
Battle of Tewkesbury | 4 May | Edward IV of England's final victory over the House of Lancaster.
Muscovite-Novgorodian Wars | Battle of Shelon |  | 14 July | Ivan the Great of Russia decisively defeats the Novgorod Republic, which is gradually absorbed by Muscovy.
Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Asilah |  | 24 Aug | Portugal conquers Asilah from the Wattasids.
Dano-Swedish War | Battle of Brunkeberg |  | 10 Oct | Denmark fights Sweden.
1472 |  | Siege of Nesle [fr] |  | 14 June | The army of duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy captures Nesle from France. The population is massacred.
| Siege of Beauvais |  | The army of duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy fails to captures Beauvais from France.
1473 | Campaigns of Uzun Hassa | Battle of Otlukbeli |  | 11 Aug | Mehmet II of Ottoman Turks decisively defeats Uzun Hasan of Akkoyunlu Turkomans.
| Battle of Tlatelolco |  |  | Aztec Empire defeats Tlatelolco.
1474 | Burgundian Wars | Siege of Neuss |  | 29 July 1474—27 June 1475 | Charles the Bold leads unsuccessful siege.
Battle of Héricourt |  | 13-14 Nov | Burgundy is defeated by the Swiss Confederation.
First Ottoman–Venetian War | Siege of Shkodra |  | Spring—8 Aug | Venice and Zeta (Montenegro) defeat Ottoman besiegers.
1475 | Moldavian–Ottoman Wars, Hungarian–Ottoman Wars and Polish-Ottoman Wars | Battle of Vaslui |  | 10 Jan | Ştefan cel Mare defeats a huge Ottoman army.
Burgundian Wars | Battle on the Planta |  | Nov | Switzerland defeats Savoy.
War of the Castilian Succession | Siege of Burgos |  | 1475—early 1476 | Supporters of Joanna are driven out of the Castle of Burgos.
1476 | Battle of Toro | 1 March | Indecisive: Prince John of Portugal defeated the Castilian right wing and remained in possession of the battlefield while his father Afonso V is defeated by the Castilian left-centre led by the Duke of Alba and Cardinal Mendoza. Both sides claimed victory.
Burgundian Wars | Battle of Grandson |  | 2 March | A Swiss army defeats the Burgundians under Charles the Bold.
Battle of Morat | 22 June | The Swiss defeat Charles the Bold again.
Moldavian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Valea Albă |  | 26 July | Mehmed II defeats Ştefan cel Mare.
1477 | War of the Burgundian Succession | Battle of Nancy |  | 5 Jan | Swiss pikemen defeat cavalry of Burgundy's Charles the Bold, who is killed.
Ottoman–Venetian War and Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Krujë |  | Spring 1477—June 1478 | Ottomans under Mehmet II capture Krujë from the League of Lezhë.
War of the Burgundian Succession | Battle of Émagny Bridge  [fr] |  | 25 June | France under Georges II de La Trémoille defeats Burgundy under Hugues III de Chalon-Arlay in an attempt to control the County of Burgundy.
Siege of Dole [fr] | End of July—7 Oct | France fails to capture Dole from Burgundy. The French army is destroyed and has to leave the County of Burgundy.
1478 | Aragonese conquest of Sardinia | Battle of Macomer |  | 19 May | Sardinian rebels are defeated by the Aragonese.
Ottoman–Venetian War and Albanian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Shkodra |  | May 1478—25 April 1479 | Ottomans take Shkodër.
War of the Castilian Succession | Battle of Guinea |  | Spring or summer | Castilian fleet is defeated and captured by the Portuguese.
Islamization of Indonesia | Battle of Trowulan |  | 1478—1527 | Majapahit rebels backed by the Demak Sultanate are defeated by Girindrawardhana.
1479 | War of the Burgundian Succession | Battle of Guinegate |  | 7 Aug | French troops are defeated by the Burgundians led by Maximilian of Habsburg.
Vietnamese-Laotian War | Battle of the Plain of Jars |  | Fall | Đại Việt decisively defeats Lan Xang.
Hungarian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Breadfield |  | 13 Oct | Pál Kinizsi, comite of Timișoara, defeated the Ottomans.
1480 | Ottoman wars in Europe | Siege of Rhodes |  | May—28 July | Ottomans unsuccessfully besiege the Knights Hospitaller garrison on Rhodes.
Hungarian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Otranto |  | 28 July 1840—10 Sep 1841 | Gedik Ahmed Pasha of the Ottoman Turks captures Otranto in the Italian peninsula.
Golden Horde conflicts | Great Stand on the Ugra River |  | 8 Oct—28 Nov | Ivan the Great makes army of the Golden Horde retreat without bloodshed. End of vassalage of the Russian states to Golden Horde.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Skibo and Strathfleet |  |  | Clan Sutherland and Murrays of Aberscross defeat Clan Donald.
Clan MacDonald internal conflicts | Battle of Bloody Bay |  | A naval battle fought near Tobermory, Scotland, between John of Islay, Earl of Ross, the Lord of the Isles and chief of Clan Donald; and his son, Angus Óg Macdonald.
MacDonald-Mackenzie feud | Battle of Lagabraad |  | Clan Donald defeats Clan Mackenzie.
Vietnamese-Laotian War | Battle of Pāk Phūn |  |  | Lan Xang decisively defeats exhausted Viet army.
1481 | Hook and Cod wars | Siege of Leiden [nl] |  | 30 March—14 April | The Burgundian army under duke Maximilian captures rebel Leiden.
| Battle of Yenişehir |  | 22 June | The forces of Sultan Beyazit II of Ottoman Turks defeat the supporters of his brother and rival, Cem Sultan.
Hook and Cod wars | Battle of Scherpenzeel [nl] |  | 22 or 23 Sep | An army of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht in coalition with Burgundy defeats a rebel army.
Battle of Vreeswijk [nl] | 13 Oct | A rebel army under Jan III van Montfoort defeats an army of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht in coalition with Burgundy under governor Joost de Lalaing of Holland and Zeeland.
Battle of Westbroek | An army of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht in coalition with Burgundy defeats a rebel army.
1482 | War of Ferrara | Battle of Campomorto |  | 21 Aug | Papal army under Roberto Malatesta defeats Neapolitan troops led by Alfonso, Duke of Calabria.
Hook and Cod wars | Siege of IJsselstein [nl] |  | 26 Aug—16 Sep | A rebel army from the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht fails to capture Habsburg IJsselstein.
1483 | Hook and Cod wars and Second Utrecht Civil War | Siege of Utrecht | 23 June—31 Aug | A Habsburg army under regent Maximilian captures Utrecht.
Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Una |  | 29-30 Oct | Croatian army defeats forces of the invading Ottoman Empire.
1484 | Clan Douglas and Stewart royal family feud | Battle of Lochmaben Fair |  | 22 July | Scottish Royal-Black Douglas civil war.
1485 | Austrian-Hungarian War | Siege of Vienna |  | 29 Jan—1 June | Decisive victory for Hungary over the Holy Roman Empire in the Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–1488).
Ottoman–Mamluk War | First Battle of Adana |  | 9 Feb | Mamluks rout Ottoman army.
Second Battle of Adana | 15 March | Mamluks decisively defeat Ottomans, capturing their commander Hersek-Oglu.
Wars of the Roses | Battle of Bosworth Field |  | 22 Aug | Richard III defeated by Henry Tudor, who becomes Henry VII of England. This battle marked the end of the Wars of the Roses and the beginning of the Tudor period in England.
1487 | Battle of Stoke | 16 June | Henry VII of England finally defeats internal opposition.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Auldicharish |  | 11 July | Scottish clan battle
Polish–Ottoman War | Battle of Kopystrzyń |  | 8 Sep | Polish under John I Albert decisively defeat the Tatars.
1488 | Clan Cunningham – Clan Montgomery feud and Second rebellion against James III | Battle of Sauchieburn |  | 11 June | King James III defeated by Scottish nobles.
Mad War | Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier |  | 28 July | French commander Louis II de la Trémoille defeats rebel Brittany under Jean IV de Rieux. Brittany was supported by Germany, England and Castile.
First Ottoman–Mamluk War | Battle of Aga-Cayiri |  |  | Mamluks defeat Ottomans.
1489 | Hook and Cod wars and Squire Francis War | Battle on the Lek [nl] |  | 4 June | A Habsburg fleet defeats a rebel fleet.
1490 | Siege of Montfoort | 2 May—8 Aug | A Habsburg army under Albert III, Duke of Saxony captures rebel Montfoort.
Battle of Moordrecht [nl] | 18 June | A Habsburg army defeats a rebel army.
Battle of Brouwershaven [nl] | 23 July | A Habsburg fleet defeats a rebel fleet.
Muisca Confederation wars | Battle of Chocontá |  |  | The Southern Muisca defeat the Northern Muisca, though both leaders die in the battle.
1491 | Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Vrpile |  | Early Sep | Forces of the Kingdom of Croatia defeat Ottoman Turks.
1492 | Reconquista | Battle of Granada |  | 2 Jan | Ferdinand II of Aragon defeats the last Muslim kingdom in al-Andalus, the Emirate of Granada of Sultan Boabdil.
1493 |  | Battle of Anfao |  | 12 April | Rebel General Muhammad Askia gains rulership of the Songhai Empire after defeating the forces of Sonni Baru, ending the Sonni dynasty.
Hundred Years' Croatian-Ottoman War | Battle of Krbava field |  | 9 Sep | Ottoman Turks defeat Croatians.
Inca Empire wars of conquest | Battle of the Maule |  |  | Inca Empire under Emperor Túpac Yupanqui fights coalition led by the Mapuche with a disputed outcome.
1494 | Spanish Conquest of the Canary Islands | First Battle of Acentejo |  | 31 May | Guanches defeat Spaniards on island of Tenerife.
First Italian War | Battle of Rapallo |  | 5 Sep | France, Milan and Genoa defeat Naples.
Spanish Conquest of the Canary Islands | Battle of Aguere |  | 14-15 Nov | Spanish defeat Guanches.
Second Battle of Acentejo | 25 Dec | Spanish decisively defeat Guanches and annex the Canary Islands.
1495 | First Italian War | Battle of Rapallo |  | 2 May | Genoa defeats France.
Battle of Seminara | 28 June | France defeats Spain and Naples.
Battle of Fornovo | 6 July | Francesco II Gonzaga of the Italian Holy League fights against Charles VIII of France. French victory.
1497 | Polish–Ottoman War | Battle of Codrii Cosminului |  | 26 Oct | Ştefan cel Mare defeated John I of Poland.
Timurid–Uzbek wars | Siege of Samarkand |  | May—Nov | Babur of the Timurids takes city from Muhammad Shaybani.
Rebellion of Domhnall Dubh | Battle of Drumchatt |  |  | Scottish clan battle.
1499 | Swabian War | Battle of Hard |  | 20 Feb | Switzerland defeats king Maximilian I of Germany and the Swabian League.
Battle of Schwaderloh |  | 11 April | Switzerland defeats the Swabian League.
Battle of Frastanz |  | 20 April | Switzerland defeats king Maximilian I of Germany and the Swabian League.
Battle of Calven |  | 22 May | The Three Leagues defeat king Maximilian I of Germany and the Swabian League.
Battle of Dornach | 22 July | Switzerland defeats king Maximilian I of Germany and the Swabian League.
Ottoman–Venetian War | Battle of Zonchio |  | 25 Aug | the Ottoman fleet defeats the Venetian fleet. Also called the Battle of Sapienza or the First Battle of Lepanto.
1500 |  | Battle of Hemmingstedt |  | 17 Feb | A peasant rebellion defeats a much larger ducal army by opening dykes and drowning them.
Second Italian War | Battle of Novara |  | 8-10 April | France defeats Milan
Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars | Battle of Vedrosha |  | 14 July | Russians beat the Lithuanians.
Ottoman–Venetian War | Battle of Lepanto |  |  | Ottoman fleet defeats Venetian fleet.

## Early 16th century (1501–50)

[edit]

Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1501 |  | Battle of Mers-el-Kébir |  | Late Jul | Sultan Abu Abdallah IV of the Kingdom of Tlemcen defeats Portugal under John of Meneses, 1st Count of Tarouca.
First Luso-Malabarese War | First Battle of Cannanore |  | 31 Dec 1501—2 Jan 1502 | Portugal wins a naval battle against forces from Calicut.
Campaigns of Babur | Siege of Samarkand |  |  | Babur loses Samarkand for the final time to the Uzbeks.
1503 | First Luso-Malabarese War | Battle of Calicut |  | 5-6 Jan | Portuguese under Vasco da Gama take city of Calicut.
Second Italian War | Battle of Ruvo |  | 23 Feb | Spain defeats France.
Battle of Cerignola | 21 April
Battle of Garigliano | 27 Dec
1504 | Portuguese colonial campaigns | Battle of Cochin |  | 16 March—3 July | Portuguese fend off attack from larger army led by the Zamorin of Calicut.
War of the Succession of Landshut | Battle of Wenzenbach [de] |  | 12 Sep | King Maximilian I of Germany defeats king Vladislaus II of Hungary and Bohemia.
Campaigns of Babur | Siege of Kabul |  | Oct | Babur defeats Arghun dynasty.
| Battle of Pandarane |  | Autumn | The Portuguese navy under Lopo Soares de Albergaria defeats the Mamluk Sultanate.
1505 | Portuguese colonial campaigns | Sack of Kilwa |  | 24 July | With 8 ships and 500 soldiers, Portuguese conquer harbor capital of the Kilwa Sultanate.
Battle of Mombasa |  | 15 Aug | Portugal under Francisco de Almeida sacks Mombasa.
1506 | First Luso-Malabarese War | Battle of Cannanore |  | March | The Portuguese defeat an Indian fleet.
| Battle of Mbanza Kongo |  |  | Catholic Kongolese King Afonso I defeats his animist half-brother Mpanzu a Kitima for control of his throne.
1507 | Somali–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Barawa |  | April | Portuguese defeat Ajuran Sultanate, sack city but don't hold it.
First Luso-Malabarese War | Siege of Cannanore |  | April—Aug | Portugal successfully defends Kannur.
Portuguese–Safavid wars | Battle of Ormuz |  | Oct | Portugal captures Ormuz.
| Battle of Mers-el-Kébir |  |  | Sultan Abu Abdallah V of Tlemcen defeats Spain.
| Battle of Socotra |  |  | Portugal under Tristão da Cunha captures Suq from the Mahra Sultanate.
1508 | Mamluk–Portuguese conflicts and Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Chaul |  | March | The Portuguese lose their first Indian Ocean naval battle against the Mamluks.
Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Dabul | 29 Dec | Viceroy Francisco de Almeida of Portuguese India defeats the Sultanate of Bijapur.
1509 | Mamluk–Portuguese conflicts and Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Diu | 3 Feb | Portuguese Viceroy destroys Moslem fleet off the coast of India, wrests control of spice trade.
War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Agnadello |  | 14 May | French defeat Venetians. Also called the Battle of Vaila.
Siege of Padua | 15-30 Sep | Venice captures Padua.
Battle of Polesella | 22 Dec | A fleet of the Republic of Venice is destroyed on the Po River by the Ferrarese artillery.
1510 | Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts and Bahmani–Vijayanagar War | Conquest of Goa |  | 25 Nov | Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate.
1511 | War of the League of Cambrai | Siege of Mirandola |  | Jan | City captured by Pope Julius II.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Capture of Malacca |  | 15 Aug | Portuguese under Afonso de Albuquerque conquer the Sultanate of Malacca.
Timurid-Uzbek Wars | Battle of Ab Darrah Pass |  |  | Babur retakes Transoxiana from the Khanate of Bukhara.
Taíno Rebellion of 1511 | Battle of Yaguecas |  |  | Spanish under Juan Ponce de León put down rebellion by the Taino of Puerto Rico, their chief Agueybana II killed in battle.
1512 | War of the League of Cambrai | Sack of Brescia |  | 18 Feb | French troops overrun the Italian town of Brescia.
Battle of Ravenna | 11 April | Gaston de Foix, although killed in the battle, defeats the Spanish.
Persian-Uzbek Wars and Timurid-Uzbek Wars | Battle of Ghazdewan |  | 12 Nov | Khanate of Bukhara defeat Timurids and Safavids. Afterwards, Babur gives up on retaking Central Asia.
1513 |  | Siege of Aden |  | 26 March | Portuguese under Afonso de Albuquerque try to capture city from the Tahirid Sultanate but are defeated.
War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Novara |  | 6 June | Holy League defeats France.
Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Dubica |  | 16 Aug | Croatian army defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire.
War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Guinegate |  | Henry VIII and Emperor Maximilian I crush French. Also called the Battle of the Spurs
Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Azemmour |  | 28-29 Aug | Portugal defeats Morocco's Wattasid dynasty.
War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Flodden Field |  | 9 Sep | Henry VIII's army under the Earl of Surrey heavily defeats the Scots and kills James IV of Scotland.
Siege of Dijon |  | 8-13 Sep | Dijon was besieged by Switzerland and a Germany. France ends the siege by signing a treaty with the Swiss.
Battle of La Motta |  | 7 Oct | Spain defeats Venice.
1514 |  | Battle of Hartwarder Landwehr [de] |  | 21 Jan | John V, Count of Oldenburg, Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Henry I, Duke of Brunswick and Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg defeat the last Free Frisians, from Butjadingen and Stadland, during the Saxon feud.
Ottoman–Persian Wars | Battle of Chaldiran |  | 23 Aug | Selim I of Ottoman Turks defeats Persian Safavids.
Lithuanian–Muscovite War | Battle of Orsha |  | 8 Sep | Polish–Lithuanian army defeated the army of the Grand Principality of Moscow.
1515 | War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Marignano |  | 13-14 Sep | France defeats Milan.
Frisian peasant rebellion | Arumer Zwarte Hoop |  | 1515—1523 | Army of peasant rebels in Friesland fights the Dutch authorities.
1516 | Italian Wars | War of Urbino |  | Jan—Sep | Francesco Maria I della Rovere quickly reconquers Urbino.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Arai |  | 11 July | The Hōjō Clan captures Arai castle.
Ottoman–Mamluk War | Battle of Marj Dabiq |  | 24 Aug | Selim I of Ottoman Turks defeats the Mamelukes and captures Syria.
Battle of Yaunis Khan |  | 28 Oct | Ottoman Empire defeats the Mamelukes.
1517 | Battle of Ridaniya |  | 22 Jan | Ottoman Turks under Selim I defeat Mamelukes and capture Egypt.
Somali–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Zeila |  | Jul | Portugal captures Zeila from the Adal Sultanate.
Portuguese–Mamluk naval war and Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations | Siege of Jeddah |  | 16 Dec | Ottomans finish the conquest of Mamelukes by annexing a city in the Hejaz, then defeat Portuguese fleets going across the Red Sea to attempt to take advantage of the conflict.
Spanish colonization of the Americas  | Battle of Catoche |  |  | Spanish expedition under Francisco Hernández de Córdoba beats back Mayan ambush long enough to retreat by sea.
1518 |  | Battle of Kondavidu Fort |  |  | Vijayanagara Empire defeats Golconda Sultanate.
1519 | Campaigns of Babur | Battle of Bajaur |  | 6-7 Jan | Babur defeats the tribes of the Bajaur region and massacres 3,000 Bajauris.
| Battle of Pianosa |  | 25 April | The Genoese admiral Andrew Doria defeats the flotilla of the Barbary corsair Kaid Ali in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Hildesheim Diocesan Feud | Battle of Soltau |  | 28 June | Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and John IV of Saxe-Lauenburg, bishop of Hildesheim defeat Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, duke of Brunswick Wolffenbüttel and Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, duke of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Centla |  | 25 March | After arriving in the New World, Hernán Cortés defeats the Mayan state of Tabasco in battle.
1520 | Battle of Cempoala | 27 May | Hernán Cortés defeats Pánfilo de Narváez.
Deccani–Vijayanagar wars | Battle of Raichur |  | May | Vijayanagara Empire defeats Sultanate of Bijapur.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of the Night of Sorrows |  | 30 June—1 July | The Aztec Empire defeats the Spanish troops of Hernán Cortés.
Revolt of the Comuneros | Siege of Segovia [es] |  | June—Aug | The Spanish royalist army under Rodrigo Ronquillo, fighting for Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, fails to capture Segovia from the rebel Comuneros.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Otumba |  | 7 July | Spain under Hernán Cortés and Tlaxcala defeat the Aztecs.
Revolt of the Comuneros | Battle of Tordesillas |  | 5 Dec | The Spanish royalist army defeats the Comuneros.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Pago |  |  | Portugal defeats the Sultanate of Bintan.
1521 | Battle of El Romeral [es] |  | 12 March | A royalist army defeats the Comuneros.
Battle of Miñano Mayor [es] | 19 April | The royalist army defeats the Comuneros.
Battle of Villalar | 23 April | The royalist army defeats the Comuneros.
Magellan expedition | Battle of Mactan |  | 27 April | Mactan chieftain Lapulapu overwhelms and decisively defeats Magellan's expedition and allied natives, killing Ferdinand Magellan.
War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of Pampeluna |  | 20 May | French take city from Spanish, Ignatius of Loyola wounded.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Siege of Tenochtitlan |  | 26 May—13 Aug | Fall of the Aztec Empire.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Siege of Logroño [es] |  | 4 or 6—10 June | France fails to capture Logroño from Spain.
Battle of Noáin | 30 June | Spanish defeat the Franco-Navarrese army.
Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Aceh |  | Jun | The Aceh Sultanate defeats Portugal.
Hungarian–Ottoman Wars | Siege of Belgrade |  | July—Aug | Suleiman I of the Ottoman Turks captures Belgrade.
Ming–European conflicts | Battle of Tunmen |  | Aug—Sep | Ming Chinese Navy defeated Portuguese Navy.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Battle of Vaprio d'Adda |  | 13-14 Nov | The Holy Roman Empire defeats France.
Siege of Tournai |  | Nov | The Holy Roman Empire captures Tournai from France.
Siege of Mézières |  |  | The Holy Roman Empire fails to capture Mézières from France.
1522 | Siege of Genoa |  | 20-30 March | Spain captures Genoa for Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor from France.
Siege of Pavia [it] | March—23 April | France and Venice lifts the siege of Pavia after the advance of the armies of the Holy Roman Empire and the Papal States.
Battle of Bicocca | 27 April | Spanish victory during the Habsburg-Valois Wars.
Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Siege of Knin |  | May | Ottomans defeat Croatia and annex the city of Knin.
Ottoman wars in Europe | Siege of Rhodes |  | 26 June—22 Dec | The Ottoman Empire expels the Knights of Rhodes.
Post-War of the League of Cambrai | Battle of San Marcial |  | 30 June | Spain defeats France and Navarre.
Ming–European conflicts | Battle of Xicaowan |  | 7-20 Aug | Ming Chinese Navy defeated Portuguese Navy.
1523 |  | Battle of Ash-Shihr |  | 28 Feb - 2 Mar | Portugal captures Al-Shihr from Kathiri.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Muar River |  | Apr | A fleet of the Sultanate of Bintan and the Pahang Sultanate defeats Portugal.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Siege of Fuenterrabía |  | 1523—27 Feb 1524 | Spain recaptures Hondarribia from France.
1524 | Campaigns of Babur | Sack of Lahore |  | 15 Jan | Babur burns Lahore for two days.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Edo |  | Jan | Edo Castle falls from Uesugi control to Hōjō control.
Guelders Wars | Siege of Zwolle [nl] |  | 5-29 April | Charles II, Duke of Guelders fails to conquer Zwolle of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Battle of the Sesia |  | 30 April | Spanish and Holy Roman Empire forces beat French.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Acajutla |  | 8 June | Spanish led by Pedro de Alvarado defeat the army of the Pipils of Cuzcatlan. Pedro de Alvarado wounded.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Siege of Marseille |  | Aug—Sep | The Holy Roman Empire fails to take Marseille from France.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Tacuzcalco |  | 1524—1539 | Spanish again defeat Pipils.
1525 | Battle of Punta Quemada |  | Jan | Pizarro defeats the Quitians, but is wounded seven times.
Italian War of 1521–1526 | Battle of Pavia |  | 24 Feb | Spain and Holy Roman Empire defeat France; Francis I of France is captured.
German Peasants' War | Battle of Frankenhausen |  | 14-15 May | End of the German Peasants' War.
Battle of Meiningen [de] | 3 June | German nobles defeat the Bildhäuser Haufen farmers.
Battle of Pfeddersheim | 23/24 June | Louis V, Elector Palatine defeats the rebel farmers of the Palatinate.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Siege of Zaculeu |  | Oct | Spanish capture Mayan city of Zaculeu.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Lingga |  |  | A Portuguese fleet defeats the Sultanate of Bintan and the Sultanate of Indragiri.
1526 | Campaigns of Babur | First battle of Panipat |  | 21 April | The Mughal king Babur defeats Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi.
War of the League of Cognac | Battle of Camollia [it] |  | 25 July | Siena defeats Florence.
Hungarian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Mohács |  | 29 Aug | Suleiman I of Ottoman Turks defeats the kingdom of Hungary; King Louis II killed.
War of the League of Cognac | Battle of Governolo [it] |  | 25 Nov | The Holy Roman Empire defeats Venice and France.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Kamakura |  | Dec | Uesugi clan defeats Hōjō clan, inflicting a major psychological blow.
1527 |  | Battle of Khanwa |  | 16 March | Babur consolidates Mughal rule in northern India by defeating a united rajput coalition led by Rana Sanga of Mewar.
Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary | Battle of Szőlős |  | 1 May | Serbia defeats Hungary.
War of the League of Cognac | Sack of Rome |  | 6 May | Unpaid Spanish and Imperial troops attack the city in protest.
Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary | Battle of Sződfalva |  | 25 July | Hungary defeats Serbia.
War of the League of Cognac | Siege of Pavia |  | 1-5 Oct | France captures Pavia from the Holy Roman Empire.
| Battle of Sunda Kelepa |  |  | Demak Sultanate takes port and defeats the Portuguese and Sunda.
1528 | Campaigns of Babur | Battle of Chanderi |  | 20 Jan | Babur defeats and conquers the Malwa.
Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary | Battle of Szina |  | 20 March | Habsburgs secure Hungary from claimant to the Hungarian throne John Zápolya.
War of the League of Cognac | Siege of Melfi [it] |  | 22-23 March | France captures Melfi from the Holy Roman Empire and Spain.
Siege of Cantazaro [it] | March—8 Aug | France fails to capture Catanzaro from the Holy Roman Empire and Spain.
Battle of Capo d'Orso | 28-29 April | French navy defeats Spanish navy trying to break blockade.
Siege of Naples | April—Aug | Spanish beat back French siege of Italian city.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Cinactan |  |  | Spanish put down native rebellion.
| Battle of Mombasa |  |  | Portugal and the Malindi Kingdom defeat the Sultanate of Mombasa.
1529 | Ethiopian–Adal War | Battle of Shimbra Kure |  | 7 or 9 March | Imam Ahmad Gragn withstands the assault of the numerically superior army of Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia.
War of the League of Cognac | Siege of Monopoli [it] |  | 15 March—28 May | The Holy Roman Empire fails to take Monopoli from Venice
Campaigns of Babur | Battle of Ghaghra |  | 6 May | Babur annexes Bihar for the Mughal Empire and defeats the combined forces of the Eastern Afghan Confederates and the Sultanate of Bengal.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Capture of Peñón of Algiers |  | 29 May | The Ottoman Empire captures Peñón of Algiers from Spain.
War of the League of Cognac | Battle of Landriano |  | 21 June | Spanish and Holy Roman Empire troops defeat French.
Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary | Siege of Vienna |  | 27 Sep—15 Oct | Ottomans reach limit of empire, can't capture Vienna and settle in Buda.
Battle of Formentera |  | 28 Oct | The Ottoman Empire defeated Spain.
War of the League of Cognac | Siege of Florence |  | 24 Oct 1529—10 Aug 1530 | Spanish and Holy Roman Empire troops capture Florence.
1530 | Battle of Gavinana | 3 Aug | Florence crushed by the Holy Roman Empire.
Little War in Hungary | Siege of Buda |  | 31 Oct—20 Dec | The Holy Roman Empire fails to capture Buda from the Ottoman Empire.
Inca Civil War | Battle of Chillopampa |  | 1529, 1530 or 1531 | Huáscarans defeat the Atahualpans. Atahualpa is taken prisoner.
Battle of Mullihambato |  | Atahualpans defeat the Huáscarans.
1531 | Ethiopian–Adal War | Battle of Antukyah |  | Feb or March | The Ethiopian army panics and flees before Imam Ahmad Gragn's seven cannons and matchlockmen.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Puná |  | April | Pizarro's forces defeat much larger forces of natives on the island of Puná.
Moldavian–Polish War | Battle of Obertyn |  | 22 Aug | Polish army defeats the Moldavians.
European wars of religion | Battle of Kappel |  | 11 Oct | Victory of Swiss Catholics over the followers of Zwingli.
Ethiopian–Adal War | Battle of Amba Sel |  | 28 Oct | Imam Ahmad Gragn again defeats Emperor Lebna Dengel, and crosses the Walaqa River unchecked into Bet Amhara.
1532 | Inca Civil War | Battle of Huanucopampa |  | Early 1532 | Inconclusive battle between the Atahualpans and the Huáscarans.
Battle of Quipaipan | April | Decisive battle with Atahualpa defeating his brother and Huáscar.
Battle of Chimborazo |  | Spring | Among the first confrontations in the Inca Civil War, with Atahualpa defeating his brother Huáscar.
Little War in Hungary | Siege of Güns |  | 5-30 Aug | The Ottoman Empire fails to take Kőszeg from the Holy Roman Empire.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Cajamarca |  | 16 Nov | Pizarro captures king Atahuallpa during the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.
1533 | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | Siege of Coron |  | Spring 1533—1 April 1534 | The Ottoman Empire captures Koroni from the Holy Roman Empire.
Guelders Wars | Battle of Jemgum [de] |  | 14 Oct | The army of Guelders defeats the army of East Frisia. Lord Balthasar Oomkens von Esens of Harlingerland becomes a vasal of Guelders.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Cuzco |  | Shortly before 15 Nov | Capital of the Inca Empire taken by the Spanish.
1534 |  | Battle at Bae de Bic |  | Spring | Iroquois defeat Miꞌkmaq.
Battle at Bouabouscache River | Mi'kmaq with aid from the Maliseet win a skirmish against the Iroquois, then kill many wounded and retreating on the battlefield the next day.
Battle at Riviere Trois Pistoles | Mi'kmaq and Maliseet ambush the remaining Iroquois that were searching for their hunting party they'd previously killed. Most Iroquois killed, the rest that were captured were killed later after being taken back to camp.
| Battle of Lauffen |  | 13 May | Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse defeats an imperial German army under Philip, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg and Dietrich Spät, in support of Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg, who regains his duchy.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Maraycalla |  | May | Spain defeats the northern Inca Empire.
| Siege of Mediaș |  | 27 Aug—29 Sep | The combined forces of John Zápolya and the Holy Roman Empire capture Mediaș from Alvise Gritti, who was killed during the siege.
1535 | Spanish–Ottoman wars, Ottoman–Habsburg wars and Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts | Conquest of Tunis |  | 1 June | The Spanish fleet of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, conquers Tunis from the Ottomans.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Sack of Mahón |  | 1-4 Sep | The Ottoman Empire captures Mahón from Spain.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Ugentana |  |  | Portugal defeats the Johor Sultanate.
1536 | Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Sacsayhuamán  [es] |  | April—May | Spain defeats Manco Inca.
Siege of Cuzco | 6 May 1536—March 1537 | Siege of the city of Cuzco by the army of Inca Emperor Manco Inca Yupanqui, Manco Inca is defeated.
Battle of Reynogüelén |  | Summer | Spanish defeat Mapuche tribes.
Guelders Wars and Count's Feud | Battle of Heiligerlee |  | 5 Aug | The Habsburg army under Georg Schenck van Toutenburg defeats the army of Guelders under Meindert van Ham. Groningen and Drenthe are annexed to the Habsburg imperial domain.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Siege of Lima [es] |  | 10-26 Aug | Manco Inca fails to capture Lima from Spain.
Croatian–Ottoman wars and Ottoman–Habsburg wars | Siege of Klis |  | 31 Aug 1536—12 March 1537 | The Ottoman Empire captures Klis Fortress.
| Battle of Tidore |  | 21 Dec | Portugal and Hairun defeat Dayal, the Sultanate of Tidore, the Sultanate of Bacan, the Sultanate of Jailolo, Vaigama, Vaigue, Quibibi and Mincibo.
Malay–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Ugentana |  |  | A Portuguese fleet defeats the Johor Sultanate.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Battle of Un no Kuchi |  |  | Takeda family forces defeat Hiraga Genshin.
1537 | Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Ollantaytambo |  | Jan | The forces of the Inca emperor Manco Inca defeat the Spanish troops of Hernando Pizarro.
Battle of Abancay | 12 July | Diego de Almagro defeats and captures Alonso de Alvarado.
Third Ottoman–Venetian War | Siege of Corfu |  | Aug—Sep | Venetians defeat Ottoman attempt to take island.
Little War in Hungary and Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Gorjani |  | 9 Oct | The Ottoman Empire defeats the Holy Roman Empire.
1538 | Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Las Salinas |  | 26 April | Pizarro brothers defeat Diego de Almagro.
Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations and Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts | Siege of Diu |  | 26 June—6 Nov | Portuguese defeat Ottomans and Gujarat Sultanate who attempted to siege city.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Tocarema |  | 19-20 Aug | With assistance from the Muisca, the Spanish defeat and partly subjugate the Panche.
Third Ottoman–Venetian War | Battle of Preveza |  | 28 Sep | Ottoman fleet defeats Spanish-Venetian fleet.
Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War | Battle of Naungyo |  | Nov/Dec | Toungoo Kingdom led by their General and future King Bayinnaung decisively defeats a numerically larger force of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom in Myanmar.
1539 | Afghan-Mughal Wars | Battle of Chausa |  | 26 June | Defeat for Afghan Mughal loyalists by Sur Empire.
Third Ottoman–Venetian War | Siege of Castelnuovo |  | 18 July—6 Aug | The Ottoman Empire captures Herceg Novi from the Holy Roman Empire.
1540 |  | Battle of Kannauj |  | 17 May | Defeat for Afghan Mughal loyalists. Also known as the Battle of Bilgram.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Battle of Girolata |  | 15 June | Spain and Genoa defeat the Ottoman navy.
Ottoman–Habsburg wars | Battle of Alborán |  | 1 Oct | Spain defeats the Ottoman navy.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Mabila |  | 18 Oct | Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto's forces destroy the fortress town of Mabila in present-day Alabama, killing Tuskaloosa.
Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War | Siege of Martaban |  | Nov 1540—May 1541 | Toungoo under King Tabinshwehti conquers the last remnant of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom after taking the city of Martaban.
1541 | Ethiopian–Adal war and  Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Sahart |  | 24 April | Ethiopian Emperor Gelawdewos defeats an attack by Garad Emar, a lieutenant of Imam Ahmad Gragn. However, the Emperor is forced south into Shewa and away from the advancing troops of Portuguese commander Christovão da Gama.
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560) | Battle of Suez |  | 26 Apr | The Ottoman Empire defeats Portugal.
Little War in Hungary | Siege of Buda |  | 4 May—21 Aug | The Holy Roman Empire fails to take Buda from the Ottoman Empire.
1542 | Ethiopian–Adal War and Somali-Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Baçente |  | 2 Feb | Portuguese under Christovão da Gama capture a Moslem-occupied hillfort in northern Ethiopia.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Battle of Sezawa |  | 9 March | Takeda Shingen defeats four enemy forces to begin his conquest Shinano Province.
Ethiopian–Adal War, Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts and Somali–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Jarte |  | 4-16 April | The Portuguese under Christovão da Gama encounter the army of Imam Ahmad Gragn in two successive victories.
Toungoo–Ava War | Battle of Northern Prome |  | April | Toungoo led by Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung defeats armies of Prome, Ava, and the Confederation of Shan States outside the city of Prome.
Battle of Padaung Pass | Toungoo led by Bayinnaung trap and defeat the Arakan Kingdom of Mrauk U. Tabinshwehti is so pleased with this victory he appoints Bayinnaung his heir apparent. Prome eventually surrenders after this battle.
Ethiopian–Adal War and Somali-Portuguese conflicts | Battle of the Hill of the Jews |  | Aug | During the rainy season, Christovão da Gama captures a strategic position and many badly needed horses.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Haddon Rig |  | 24 Aug | Scottish victory over the English.
Ethiopian–Adal War and Somali-Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Wofla |  | 28 Aug | Reinforced with at least 600 arquebusiers and cavalry, Imam Ahmad Gragn attacks the Portuguese camp. The Portuguese are scattered, Christovão da Gama captured and executed.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Chupas |  | 16 Sep | Spanish in Peru defeat rogue army of Diego de Almagro II and execute him.
Anglo-Scottish Wars | Battle of Solway Moss |  | 25 Nov | English victory over Scotland.
Campaigns of Oda Nobuhide | Battle of Azukizaka |  |  | Oda Nobuhide defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Uehara |  | Takeda Shingen captures Uehara Castle from Suwa Yorishige.
Siege of Kuwabara |  | One day after Uehara, Shingen defeats Yorishige again. Yorishige then commits suicide.
Siege of Fukuyo |  | Takeda Shingen captures Fukuyo fortress. Battle of Ankokuji follows, Takato Yoritsugu defeated.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Alltan-Beath |  |  | Scottish clan battle.
Italian War of 1542–1546 | Siege of Perpignan |  |  | French siege raised by Spanish army.
Ottoman–Habsburg War of 1540–1547 | Siege of Pest |  |  | The Holy Roman Empire fails to take Pest from the Ottoman Empire.
Somali–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Benadir |  |  | Naval battle between Portuguese and Ajuran Sultanate.
1543 | Ethiopian–Adal War, Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts and Somali–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Wayna Daga |  | 11 Feb | Ethiopian/Portuguese troops decisively defeat their Muslim opponent; Imam Ahmad Gragn killed.
Italian War of 1542–1546 | Siege of Landrecies |  | May—Nov | The Holy Roman Empire fails to capture Landrecies from France.
Battle of Muros Bay |  | 25 July | Spanish fleet defeats French fleet.
Ottoman–Habsburg War of 1540–1547 | Siege of Esztergom |  | 25 July—10 Aug | The Ottoman Empire captures Esztergom from the Holy Roman Empire.
Italian War of 1542–1546 | Siege of Nice |  | 5-22 Aug | Ottomans and French sack Nice.
Toungoo-Ava War | Battle of Prome |  | 7 Dec | Confederation unsuccessfully attempts to retake Prome from Toungoo.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Nagakubo |  |  | Shingen defeats Oi Sadataka
1544 | Italian War of 1542–1546 | Battle of Ceresole |  | 11 April | French forces defeat Holy Roman Empire in Italy.
Battle of Serravalle | 2-4 June | Spanish and Holy Roman Empire defeat Italian mercenaries.
Siege of Saint-Dizier |  | 10 July—17 Aug | The Holy Roman Empire captures Saint-Dizier from France.
First Siege of Boulogne | 19 July—18 Sep | English forces capture Boulogne.
Scottish clan wars | Battle of the Shirts |  | July | Scottish clan battle.
Italian War of 1542–1546 | Second Siege of Boulogne |  | Oct | French forces unsuccessfully besiege the town.
| Battle of Sammel |  |  | Victory for the Sur Empire against the Kingdom of Marwar.
Toungoo–Ava War | Battle of Salin |  |  | Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung take Confederation of Shan States city in three days deep into their territory.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Kojinyama |  |  | Takeda Shingen continues his conquest of Ima Valley, Shinano Province.
1545 | War of the Rough Wooing | Battle of Ancrum Moor |  | 27 Feb | Scottish victory over the English.
Italian War of 1542–1546 | Battle of the Solent |  | 18-19 July | Indecisive naval battle between France and England, English flagship Mary Rose sinks.
Battle of Bonchurch | July | French invade Isle of Wight and are repulsed.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan | Battle of Kawagoe |  | Oct 1545—19 May 1546 | Hōjō forces defeat the Uesugi, foiling a siege.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Takatō |  | Takeda Shingen defeats Takatō Yoritsugu, taking his castle.
Siege of Ryūgasaki |  | The Takeda family defeats Tozawa Yorichika.
1546 | Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Iñaquito |  | 18 Jan | The army of Gonzalo Pizarro defeats the army of the hated viceroy Blasco Núñez Vela, who was killed.
Arauco War | Battle of Quilacura |  | 11 Feb | Spain defeats the Mapuche.
1547 | Taungoo–Mrauk-U War | Battle of Mrauk U |  | 23 Jan | Taongoo led by Tabinshwehti fail to take capital of the Kingdom of Mrauk U.
Schmalkaldic War | Battle of Mühlberg |  | 24 April | Emperor Charles V captures elector of Saxony and lays siege to Wittenberg.
Battle of Drakenburg | 23 May | The German Protestant Schmalkaldic League defeats the German imperial and German Roman Catholic forces.
Rough Wooing | Battle of Pinkie |  | 10 Sep | Earl of Hertford guardian of Edward VI crushes Scottish resistance.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Huarina |  | 20 Oct | The army of Gonzalo Pizarro defeats the army of viceroy Diego Centeno, newly appointed by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Perlis River |  | 6 Dec | A Portuguese fleet defeats the Aceh Sultanate.
Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Bharuch |  |  | Portugal defeats the Gujarat Sultanate.
1548 | Campaigns of the Takeda | Battle of Uedahara |  | 14 Feb | Takeda Shingen defeats Murakami Yoshikiyo.
| Battle of al-Shihr |  | 7 Apr | Portugal and the Mahra Sultanate defeat Kathiri.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Jaquijahuana |  | 9 April | Loyalists sent by the Crown of Spain to depose Gonzalo Pizarro as governor of Peru defeat and capture him.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Battle of Shirojiritoge |  | 22 Aug | Takeda Shingen surprises and defeats Ogasawara Nagatoki in a dawn attack.
1549 | Kett's Rebellion | Battle of Dussindale |  | 27 Aug | Final battle putting an end of Kett's Rebellion, took place outside Norwich.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Fukashi |  |  | Takeda Shingen captures several of Nagatoki's castles, forcing him to flee to Kyoto.
Burmese–Siamese wars | Battle of Ayutthaya |  |  | Tabinshwehti withdraws from attack on the Siamese capital.
Battle of Kamphaeng Phet |  | Tabinshwehti takes advantage of Siam's eagerness to crush Toungoo's retreat to trap and defeat the Siamese. Prince Ramesuan and Maha Thammaracha captured.
| Battle of Vedalai |  |  | The Vijayanagara Empire captures Vedalai from Portugal.
1550 | Arauco War | Battle of Andalien |  | 6 Feb | The Mapuche are defeated by the Spanish.
Battle of Penco | 12 March
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Capture of Mahdia |  | 28 June—Sep | Spain captures Mahdia.
Protestant Reformation | Battle of Sauðafell |  | 2 Oct | Jón Arason, the last Catholic Bishop of Iceland, is defeated and captured.

## Late 16th century (1551–1600)

[edit]

Year  | War  | Battle  | Loc. | Date(s)  | Description

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1551 | Italian War of 1551–1559 | Siege of Mirandola |  | July 1551—March 1552 | Pope Julius III besieges town then withdraws.
Ottoman-Habsburg wars and Italian War of 1551–1559 | Siege of Tripoli |  | 15 Aug | The garrison of the Knights of Malta in the fortress of Tripoli surrender to Ottoman besiegers after a bombardment lasting six days.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Sieges of Toishi |  |  | Takeda Shingen takes the castle of Toishi after besieging it multiple times starting in 1550.
1552 | Ottoman–Habsburg War | Siege of Temesvár |  | 24 June—27 July | Ottoman Empire captures town
Battle of Palást |  | 5 Aug | The Ottoman Empire defeats the Holy Roman Empire.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Battle of Ponza |  | 10–11 Aug | Franco-Ottoman fleet defeats Genoese fleet.
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts | Capture of Muscat |  | Aug | Muscat captured from Portuguese by Ottoman fleet.
Russo-Kazan Wars | Siege of Kazan |  | 2 Sep—13 Oct | Ivan the Terrible defeats the Kazan Khanate.
Ottoman–Habsburg War | Siege of Eger |  | 9 Sep—17 Oct | Hungarian victory over Ottoman Turks.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Siege of Metz |  | Oct 1552—Jan 1553 | Unsuccessful siege by Holy Roman Empire.
1553 | Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin | First Battle of Kawanakajima |  | June | indecisive battle between Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin.
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560) | Battle of the Bay of Velez |  | 5 Jul | A fleet of the Regency of Algiers defeats Portugal.
Second Margrave War | Battle of Sievershausen |  | 9 July | Maurice, Elector of Saxony and Duke Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg defeat Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
Siege of Kulmbach and Plassenburg [de] | 22 Nov 1553—22 June 1554 | A German imperial army captures Kulmbach on 26 November and massacres the population. The castle Plassenburg surrenders with Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
Arauco War | Battle of Tucapel |  | 25 Dec | Mapuche defeat Spanish conquistadors.
Second Margrave War | Siege of Hof |  |  | A German imperial army captures Hof from Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Katsurao |  |  | Takeda Shingen captures fortress.
1554 | Arauco War | Battle of Marihueñu |  | 23 Feb | Mapuche defeat Spanish conquistador Francisco de Villagra.
Second Margrave War | Battle of Schwarzach [de] |  | 13 June | A German imperial army defeats Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Battle of Marciano |  | 2 Aug | Florence finally defeats Siena.
Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of the Gulf of Oman |  | 10-25 Aug | Portuguese destroy Ottoman fleet.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Battle of Renty |  | 12 Aug | Francis, Duke of Guise repels an Imperial invasion of Picardy.
Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco | Battle of Tadla |  | Sep | Saadi dynasty defeat Wattasids.
Campaigns of the Mōri clan | Battle of Oshikibata |  |  | Mōri clan defeat Sue Harukata.
1555 | Russo-Swedish War | Battle of Kivinebb |  | 11 March | Swedish victory over Russians
Humayun Campaign | Battle at Machhiwara |  | 15 May | Mughal Empire defeats Suri Empire
Battle of Sirhind | 22 June | Mughal Empire has decisive victory over the Suri Empire
Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin | Second Battle of Kawanakajima |  | Aug—Nov | Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Capture of Bougie |  | 16-28 Sep | Ottomans capture Béjaïa from Spain
Campaigns of the Mōri clan | Battle of Miyajima |  | 16 Oct | Mōri clan defeat Ōuchi clan on sacred island of Miyajima
Scottish clan wars | Battle of Garbharry |  |  | Battle fought between Clan MacKay and Clan Sutherland
1556 | Muromachi period | Battle of Nagara-gawa |  | April | Saitō Yoshitatsu defeats father Saitō Dōsan
Arauco War | Battle of Peteroa |  | June—July | Spanish victory over Manuche
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Siege of Oran |  | Aug | Ottoman troops besiege the Spanish garrison in Oran
Humayun Campaign | Battle of Tughlaqabad |  | 7 Oct | Hemu defeats Mughal forces and occupies Delhi
Second battle of Panipat | 5 Nov | Akbar the Great defeats Hemu
Georgian-Safavid wars | Battle of Garisi |  |  | Georgia defeats Safavid Empire, King Luarsab I of Kartli falls in battle
1557 | Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin | Third Battle of Kawanakajima |  |  | Takeda Shingen repelled by Uesugi Kenshin.
Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco | Campaign of Tlemcen |  |  | Ottoman vassal the Regency of Algiers defeats the Moroccan Saadi dynasty.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Battle of St. Quentin |  | 10 Aug | Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy defeats Anne de Montmorency.
Arauco War | Battle of Lagunillas |  | 8 Nov | Spanish defeat Mapuche.
Battle of Millarapue | 30 Nov
Sinhalese–Portuguese War | Siege of Kotte |  | Nov 1557—Nov 1558 | Sitawaka besiege Portuguese. Portuguese break out.
1558 | Italian War of 1551–1559 | Siege of Calais |  | 7 Jan | France capture the city from the English.
Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco | Battle of Wadi al-Laban |  | March—April | Between Moroccos and Ottomans. Ottomans retreat.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Siege of Thionville |  | 27 April—23 June | France conquers Thionville from Spain.
Livonian War | Siege of Narva |  | April—May | Russians besiege Narva.
Italian War of 1551–1559 | Battle of Gravelines |  | 13 July | Spain defeats France.
Ottoman invasion of the Balearic Islands |  | July | Ottomans capture Balearic Islands during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Mostaganem Expedition |  | Aug—Sep | Spanish forces fail to capture Mostaganem from the Ottomans.
Arauco War | Battle of Quiapo |  | 13 Dec | Spanish defeat Mapuche.
| Battle of Rio de Janeiro |  |  | Portuguese destroy French settlement of Henriville.
1559 | Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts | Siege of Bahrain |  | July—Nov | Portuguese successfully defend island from Ottoman siege.
| Battle of Spancel Hill |  |  | Sir Donnell O'Brien defeats Connor O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Thomond and his ally Richard Burke, 2nd Earl of Clanricarde in County Clare.
Sinhalese–Portuguese War | Battle of Mulleriyawa |  |  | Kingdom of Sitawaka defeats Portuguese.
1560 | The Reformation | Battle of Glasgow |  | 18 March | Lords of the Congregation defeat French.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Battle of Djerba |  | 9–14 May | Ottoman fleet defeats Holy League.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of Tokugawa Ieyasu | Battle of Okehazama |  | 12 June | Oda Nobunaga's small forces ambush and slay warlord Imagawa Yoshimoto.
Siege of Marune |  | Forces of Imagawa Yoshimoto defeat forces of Oda Nobunaga. Led to the Battle of Okehazama.
Campaigns of Azai Nagamasa | Battle of Norada |  | In Japan, the Azai clan gains its independence from the Rokkaku.
Livonian War | Battle of Ērģeme |  |  | Russian Tsardom defeats Livonian Confederacy so decisively that the Livonian Order was disbanded.
Portuguese colonial campaigns | Invasion of Jaffna |  |  | Portuguese invade Kingdom of Jaffna.
1561 | Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin | Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima |  | 18 Oct | Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts.
Campaigns of the Mōri clan | Siege of Moji |  | Mōri clan break siege by Ōtomo Sōrin and Portuguese traders.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan and of Uesugi Kenshin | Siege of Odawara |  | Hōjō clan resist siege by Uesugi Kenshin.
1562 | Livonian War | Battle of Nevel |  | 19 Aug | Tactical Polish victory over Russia.
First French War of Religion | Battle of Vergt |  | 9 Oct | French Royalists and Spain defeat French Huguenots.
Mary, Queen of Scots Civil Wars | Battle of Corrichie |  | 28 Oct | Victory for Queen Mary's forces.
First French War of Religion | Battle of Dreux |  | 19 Dec | Catholics versus Huguenots in France. Both leaders captured.
Sinhalese–Portuguese War | Battle of Mulleriyawa |  |  | Sitawaka forces defeat Portuguese near Colombo.
1563 |  | Battle of Lincoya Fortress |  | 16 Jan | Mapuche capture Lincoya Fortress from Spain.
First French War of Religion | Siege of Orléans |  | 5-19 Feb | Catholics besiege Protestants.
Ottoman–Habsburg wars | Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir |  | April—June | Spanish victory.
Northern Seven Years' War | Battle of Bornholm |  | 30 May | Naval battle between Denmark and Sweden.
Capture of Älvsborg |  | 4 Sep | Danes capture Älvsborg.
Battle of Öland | 11 Sep | Naval battle between Denmark and Sweden.
Battle of Mared | 9 Nov | Danes beat Swedes.
Campaigns of the Takeda and of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Musashi-Matsuyama |  |  | Combined Takeda clan-Hōjō clan army regain Musashi-Matsuyama castle
1564 | Campaigns of Tokugawa Ieyasu | Battle of Azukizaka | 15 Jan | Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the Ikkō-ikki.
Livonian War | Battle of Ula |  | 26 Jan | Lithuanians defeat Russians.
Arauco War | Siege of Concepción |  | 1 Feb—1 April | Mapuche besiege Spanish.
Burmese–Siamese War | Siege of Ayutthaya |  | Feb | Toungoo dynasty under Bayinnaung decisively defeats Siam and their Portuguese mercenaries. Ayutthaya Kingdom becomes vassal state of Toungoo.
Northern Seven Years' War | First battle of Öland |  | 30-31 May | Danish fleet beat Swedish fleet.
Arauco War | Battle of Angol |  | 25 March | Spain defeats the Mapuche.
| Battle of Vescovato |  | 5 July | Corsican rebels under Sampiero Corso defeat Genoa.
Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin | Fifth Battle of Kawanakajima |  | Sep—Nov | Indecisive battle between Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan | Battle of Kōnodai |  | Hōjō clan forces defeat the forces of Satomi Yoshihiro.
1565 | Deccani–Vijayanagar wars | Battle of Talikota |  | 26 Jan | Deccan sultanates defeat Vijayanagara Empire.
Private war between Fitzgeralds and Butlers | Battle of Affane |  | Feb | Butlers beat the Geraldines.
Irish Clan Wars | Battle of Glentaisie |  | 2 May | O'Neills defeat Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg.
Spanish–Ottoman wars and Ottoman–Habsburg wars | Siege of Malta |  | 18 May—8 Sep | Knights of Malta defeat Turkish forces.
Northern Seven Years' War | Battle of Rügen |  | 21 May | Swedish Fleet beats Danish fleet.
Portuguese colonial campaigns | Battle of Fukuda Bay |  | 18 Oct | Two Portuguese trade vessels repel attack by forces of Matsura Takanobu.
Northern Seven Years' War | Battle of Axtorna |  | 20 Oct | Danes beat the Swedes.
1566 | Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1565–1568 | Battle of Szigetvár |  | 6 Aug—8 Sep | 2,300 Hungarian defenders are annihilated by an army of 90,000 soldiers of the Ottoman Empire.
Northern Seven Years' War | Battle of Brobacka |  | 9 Aug | Swedish army ambushes and defeats Danish army.
Eighty Years’ War | Siege of Valenciennes |  | 14 Dec 1566—23 March 1567 | Spain captures Valenciennes from Calvinist rebels.
Battle of Wattrelos | 27 Dec | Spain defeats rebel Calvinists.
Battle of Lannoy | 29 Dec
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Minowa |  |  | Takeda Shingen captures Minowa castle from Uesugi clan.
1567 | Portuguese colonial campaigns | Battle of Rio de Janeiro |  | 20 Jan | Portuguese finally defeat French colony.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Oosterweel |  | 13 March | Traditionally seen as the beginning of the Eighty Years' War. Spain defeats Dutch rebels.
Irish Clan Wars | Battle of Farsetmore |  | 8 May | Part of the Clan war between the O'Neills and the O'Donnells.
Marian civil war | Battle of Carberry Hill |  | 15 June | Mary, Queen of Scots forces defeated by James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton and James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Inabayama Castle |  | 13-27 Sep | Oda Nobunaga defeats the Saito clan and takes control of Inabayama Castle and Mino province.
Mughal-Rajput War | Siege of Chittorgarh |  | Oct | Mughal forces successfully besiege Rajputs in Chittor Fort.
Second French War of Religion | Battle of Saint-Denis |  | 10 Nov | 16,000 Royalists defeat 5,000 Huguenots near Paris.
Georgian–Safavid wars | Battle of Digomi |  |  | Georgian king Simon I of Kartli repulses Persian attack near Tbilisi.
Spanish colonization of the Americas | Battle of Maracapana |  |  | Spanish defeat coalition of tribes led by Guaicaipuro.
1568 | Second French War of Religion | Siege of Chartres |  | 28 Feb—15 March | Huguenots besiege Royalists.
Eighty Years War | Battle of Dahlen |  | 25 April | Dutch attempt to conquer Roermond.
Marian civil war | Battle of Langside |  | 13 May | James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray defeats the forces of his half-sister, Mary, Queen of Scots, forcing her to flee to England.
Eighty Years War | Battle of Heiligerlee |  | 23 May | Dutch army ambushes Spanish army.
Battle on the Ems [nl] | A fleet of the Geuzen defeats Spain.
Siege of Groningen [nl] | June—15 July | Dutch army fails to take Groningen from Spain.
Battle of Jemmingen |  | 21 July | Spanish army under the Duke of Alva defeats the Dutch army.
Second Anglo-Spanish trade war | Battle of San Juan de Ulúa |  | 23 Sep | Spanish fleet defeats English privateers.
Dutch Revolt | Battle of Jodoigne |  | 20 Oct | Spain defeats Dutch army.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan and of the Takeda | Siege of Hachigata |  |  | Takeda Shingen is unable to take a Hōjō fortress.
Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts | Siege of Malacca |  |  | Sultan of Aceh attacks Portuguese-held Malacca and is defeated.
1569 | Arauco War | Battle of Catirai |  | 7 Jan | Mapuche defeat Spanish.
Mughal-Rajput War | Siege of Ranthambore |  | 8 Feb—21 March | Mughal forces capture Ranthambore Fort.
Second French War of Religion | Battle of Jarnac |  | 13 March | French Catholic forces defeat French Huguenots.
Battle of La Roche-l'Abeille | 25 June | French Huguenots defeat French Catholic forces.
Battle of Orthez | 24 Aug | Huguenots defeat Royalist forces.
Battle of Moncontour | 3 Oct | French Catholic forces defeat French Huguenots decisively.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan and of Uesugi Kenshin | Siege of Odawara |  |  | Takeda Shingen's forces burn the Hōjō clan controlled town.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan and of the Takeda | Battle of Mimasetoge |  | Takeda Shingen escapes a trap set for him by the Hōjō clan.
Siege of Kanbara |  | Takeda Katsuyori successfully besieges and captures Kanbara castle.
1570 | Spanish colonization of the Philippines | Battle of Manila |  | 24 May | Martin de Goiti decisively defeats the Rajahnate of Maynila and annexes the Philippines for the Spanish Empire.
Campaigns of Azai Nagamasa, of Tokugawa Ieyasu, of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and of Oda Nobunaga | Battle of Anegawa |  | 30 July | Nobunaga joins forces with Tokugawa Ieyasu to defeat the Asakura and Azai.
Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War | Siege of Famagusta |  | 17 Sep 1570—5 Aug 1571 | Ottoman Turks besiege and capture Famagusta.
Clan Cameron-Clan Mackintosh feud | Battle of Bun Garbhain |  |  | Clan Cameron decisively defeat the Clan Mackintosh.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Chōkō-ji |  |  | Unsuccessful attempt to retake a castle captured by Oda Nobunaga.
Campaigns of Azai Nagamasa, of Tokugawa Ieyasu and of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Kanegasaki |  | Forces of Oda Nobunaga capture Kanegasaki fortress.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Hanazawa |  | Takeda clan captures Hanazawa castle from Imagawa clan.
1571 | Arauco War | Battle of Purén [es] |  | 28 Jan | The Mapuche defeat Spain.
Russo-Crimean Wars and Russo-Turkish wars | Fire of Moscow |  | 24 May | Crimean Tatars burn Moscow.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | First siege of Nagashima |  | May | Unsuccessful attempt by Nobunaga to take the fortress.
Spanish colonization of the Philippines | Battle of Bangkusay Channel |  | 3 June | Spanish settler fleet defeats local Kapampangan fleet.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of Azai Nagamasa | Siege of Mount Hiei |  | 30 Sep | Nobunaga defeats the Tendai Warrior Monks and razes their temple complex.
Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War | Battle of Lepanto |  | 7 Oct | Spain and Venice's fleets defeat the Ottoman fleet.
Clan Gordon – Clan Forbes feud and Marian civil war | Battle of Tillieangus |  | 10 Oct | Clan Gordon overcomes Clan Forbes.
Battle of Craibstone | 20 Nov | Clan Gordon overcomes Clan Forbes again.
Campaigns of the Hōjō clan and of the Takeda | Siege of Fukazawa |  |  | Takeda Shingen captures Fukazawa from Hōjō clan.
Campaigns of Uesugi Kenshin | Battle of Tonegawa |  | Unresolved conflict between Uesugi forces and Takeda forces.
1572 | Eighty Years' War | Capture of Brielle |  | 1 April | Marked a turning point in the uprising of the Low Countries against Spain in the Eighty Years' War.
Campaigns of the Shimazu clan | Battle of Kizaki |  | June | Forces of Shimazu Takahisa defeated the larger army of Itō Yoshisuke in Japan.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Mons |  | June—Sep | Successful Spanish siege of Dutch held town.
Battle of Saint-Ghislain [nl] | Spanish army defeats a Dutch army.
Russo-Crimean Wars and Russo-Turkish wars | Battle of Molodi |  | 29 July—2 Aug | The Crimean Tatars and Ottoman Janissaries are routed by Russians near Moscow.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Kampen [nl] |  | 9-11 Aug | Dutch rebels under Willem IV van den Bergh capture Kampen from Spain.
Relief of Goes | 20 Oct | Spanish raise the Dutch siege of Goes.
Fourth French War of Religion | Siege of La Rochelle |  | Nov 1572—July 1573 | Catholic troops besiege Protestant Huguenots. Negotiated settlement.
Siege of Sancerre | Nov 1572—Aug 1573 | Catholic forces besieged Protestant Huguenots. Siege abandoned.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Middelburg |  | Nov 1572—Feb 1574 | Dutch rebel army successfully besieged Middelburg, held by Spanish forces under Cristóbal de Mondragón.
Siege of Haarlem | 11 Dec 1572—13 July 1573 | Spanish successfully besiege Protestant garrison at Haarlem.
Campaigns of the Takeda and of Tokugawa Ieyasu | Siege of Futamata |  |  | Takeda Shingen captures one of Tokugawa Ieyasu's fortresses.
1573 | Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Iwamura | Early 1573 | Takeda Shingen's forces led by Akiyama Nobutomo capture Iwamura castle
Campaigns of Tokugawa Ieyasu and of Oda Nobunaga | Battle of Mikatagahara | 25 Jan | Tokugawa Ieyasu is forced to retreat from Takeda Shingen.
Livonian War | Battle of Lode |  | Jan | Swedes defeat Russians.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Flushing |  | 17 April | Dutch rebels manage to capture 5 Spanish ships.
Battle of Borsele | 22 April | A Spanish fleet under Sancho d'Avila is forced to retreat by a Dutch fleet under Admiral Worst.
Battle of Haarlemmermeer | 26 May | The Dutch failed in an attempt to break the siege of Haarlem.
Campaigns of the Takeda | Siege of Noda |  | May | Takeda Shingen is killed.
Eighty Years' War | Capture of Geertruidenberg |  | 28 Aug | English, French Huguenot and Fleming forces capture Geertruidenberg from Franco-Spanish Catholic garrison.
Siege of Alkmaar | Aug—Oct | Dutch garrison fight off Spanish force under Don Fadrique.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of Azai Nagamasa | Siege of Ichijo ga dani |  | Sep | Nobunaga effectively destroys the Asakura.
Eighty Years' War | Battle on the Zuiderzee |  | 11 Oct | Dutch fleet destroyed a larger and better-equipped Spanish fleet on the Zuiderzee.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, of Azai Nagamasa and of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Siege of Odani |  | Oct | Nobunaga defeats Azai Nagamasa, effectively destroying the Azai family.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Delft |  | Oct | Anglo-Dutch force under Thomas Morgan repels Spanish force under Francisco de Valdez.
Siege of Leiden | Oct 1573—3 Oct 1574 | Spanish under Francisco de Valdez unsuccessfully besiege Leiden.
1574 | Battle of Reimerswaal | 29 Jan | Sancho d'Avila's attempt to resupply his troops ends up in the destruction of his fleet by Anglo-Dutch forces.
Capture of Valkenburg | Feb | English troops surrender Valkenburg Castle in Holland to Spanish forces.
Battle of Mookerheyde | 14 April | Spanish army decisively beats the Dutch Army.
Battle of Lillo |  | 30 May | Lodewijk van Boisot with 64 Dutch ships destroys the Spanish fleet near Antwerp.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Second siege of Nagashima |  | July | Nobunaga's second attempt is foiled by a counter-attack.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Zaltbommel |  | July—14 Oct | Spain fails to capture Zaltbommel from the Dutch.
Spanish–Ottoman wars | Conquest of Tunis |  | 13 Sep | Ottoman Empire finally defeats Spanish Empire for control of North Africa.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Zoetermeer [nl] |  | 17 Sep | The Dutch defeat Spain.
Spanish colonization of the Philippines | Battle of Manila |  | 29 Nov | Spanish under Juan de Salcedo and Don Galo decisively defeat Chinese pirates.
Campaigns of Tokugawa Ieyasu | Battle of Takatenjin |  |  | Takeda Katsuyori, son of Takeda Shingen, captures Tokugawa Ieyasu's fortress of Takatenjin.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Itami |  | Nobunaga defeats Araki Murashige who had rebelled.
1575 | Mughal invasion of Bengal | Battle of Tukaroi |  | 3 March | Mughals defeat Sultanate of Bengal.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Buren [nl] |  | 28 June | Spain captures Buren from the Dutch.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, of Tokugawa Ieyasu and of the Takeda | Battle of Nagashino |  | Nobunaga repels the forces of Takeda Katsuyori.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Oudewater |  | 19 July—7 Aug | Spain captures Oudewater from the Dutch.
Siege of Schoonhoven | 11-24 Aug | Spain captures Schoonhoven from the Dutch.
Siege of Bommenede [nl] | Spain captures Bommenede from the Dutch.
Siege of Woerden [nl] | 8 Sep 1575—10 Sep 1576 | Spain fails to capture Woerden from the Dutch.
Fourth French War of Religion | Battle of Dormans |  | 10 Oct | French Royalists defeat French Malcontents.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Zierikzee |  | Oct 1575—29 July 1576 | Spain captures Zierikzee from the Dutch.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Third siege of Nagashima |  |  | Nobunaga finally captures Nagashima fortress.
1576 | Eighty Years' War | Siege of Krimpen aan de Lek [nl] |  | 30 Jan—21 Feb | The Dutch capture Krimpen aan de Lek from Spain.
Siege of Muiden [nl] | 9 May | The Dutch fail to capture Muiden from Spain.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Mitsuji |  | May | Honganji forces defeat Nobunaga's army, killing Harada Naomasa.
Mughal–Rajput wars | Battle of Haldighati |  | 18 June | Mughals defeat Mewar.
Mughal invasion of Bengal | Battle of Rajmahal | 12 July | Mughals led by Akbar decisively defeat the Bengal Sultanate, capture and later execute their last sultan Daud Khan Karrani.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of the Mōri clan | First Battle of Kizugawaguchi |  | Aug | Unsuccessful naval blockade by Nobunaga.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Vissenaken [nl] |  | 14 Sep | Spain defeats a rebel army of the Netherlands.
Siege of Spanjaardenkasteel [nl] | 15 Sep—11 Nov | The Netherlands capture Spanjaardenkasteel from Spain.
Siege of Vredenburg Castle [nl] |  | 21 Dec 1576—11 Feb 1577 | The Union of Brussels captures Vredenburg Castle from Spain.
1577 | War of the Gdańsk Rebellion | Battle of Lubieszów |  | 17 April | Polish army defeats Danzig Rebellion army
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Breda [nl] |  | 4 Aug—4 Oct | The Dutch capture Breda from Spain.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and of Uesugi Kenshin | Battle of Tedorigawa |  | 3 Nov | Nobunaga launches an unsuccessful attack on the forces of Uesugi Kenshin
| Siege of Penukonda |  |  | Sultanate of Bijapur unsuccessfully attempts to take Vijayanagara capital of Penukonda.
1578 | Eighty Years' War | Battle of Gembloux |  | 31 Jan | Don John of Austria crushes Protestant army.
Siege of Zhichem [nl] | 20-24 Feb | Spain captures Zichem from the Union of Brussels.
Siege of Nivelles [nl] | 8-12 March | Spain captures Nivelles from the Union of Brussels.
Siege of Limbourg [nl] | 10-15 June | Spain captures Limbourg from the Union of Brussels.
Siege of Kampen [nl] |  | 25 June-20 July | The Union of Brussels captures Kampen from Spain.
Battle of Rijmenam |  | 31 July | The Spanish forces were dealt a strategic defeat by the Dutch.
Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | Battle of Alcazarquivir |  | 4 Aug | Moors defeat Portuguese army, kill King Sebastian of Portugal.
Ottoman–Safavid War | Battle of Çıldır |  | 9 Aug | Ottoman Turks defeat Safavid Persia and conquer the Caucasus.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Deventer |  | 3 Aug—19 Nov | The Union of Brussels captures Deventer from Spain.
Siege of Binche [nl] |  | 22 Sep—7 Oct | The Union of Brussels captures Binche from Spain.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Siege of Miki |  | 1578—1580 | Hideyoshi captures Miki castle from Nagaharu
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of the Mōri clan | Second Battle of Kizugawaguchi |  | Nobunaga defeats the naval forces of the Mōri clan.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi and of the Mōri clan | Siege of Kozuki |  | Hideyoshi is defeated by the Mōri clan.
1579 | Eighty Years' War | Siege of Kerpen [nl] |  | 7-15 Jan | Spain captures Kerpen from the Dutch.
Battle of Borgerhout |  | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht.
Siege of Maastricht |  | 12 March—1 July | 20,000 Spanish troops under Farnese captures the city defended by 2,000 Dutch soldiers and civilians.
Battle of Baasrode [nl] |  | 14 Aug | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht. William of Orange is nearly captured.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Siege of Itami |  |  | Hideyoshi captures Itami castle from Araki Murashige.
1580 | Eighty Years' War | Siege of Groningen (1580) [nl] |  | 3 March—18 June | The Union of Utrecht fails to capture Groningen from Spain.
Battle of Hardenbergerheide [nl] | 17 June | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht.
War of the Portuguese Succession | Battle of Alcântara |  | 25 Aug | Spanish candidate to the Portuguese throne defeats national candidate
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Siege of Ishiyama Honganji |  | Aug | Kōsa surrenders to Nobunaga after a ten-year siege
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Cambrai [nl] |  | Sep 1580—17 Aug 1581 | Spain fails to capture Cambrai from the Union of Utrecht and France.
Siege of Steenwijk |  | 18 Oct 1580—23 Feb 1581 | Spain fails to capture Steenwijk from the Union of Utrecht.
War of the Portuguese Succession | Capture of Porto |  | 24 Oct | Mainland Portugal is secured by the Spanish
Second Desmond Rebellion | Siege of Smerwick |  | 7-10 Nov | English forces defeat freelance Papal States army that captured the Irish village and massacre most of the soldiers afterwards.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga and of the Takeda | Siege of Takatenjin |  | 1580—22 March 1581 | Oda Nobunaga captures Takeda controlled castle
1581 | Campaigns of Oda | Siege of Tottori | May | Hideyoshi captures Tottori Castle. The castle's lord commits suicide.
War of the Portuguese Succession | Battle of Salga |  | 25 July | The Azores successfully resist a personal union with Spain.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Breda |  | 26-27 July | Spanish troops took the Dutch city by surprise.
Battle of Goor [nl] | 23 July—1 Aug | The Union of Utrecht fails to capture Goor from Spain.
Battle of Noordhorn | 30 Sep | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht and England.
Siege of Niezijl | 3-24 Oct | Spain fails to capture Niezijl from the Union of Utrecht.
Siege of Tournai [fr] |  | 10 Oct—30 Nov | Spain captures Tournai from the Union of Utrecht.
| Battle of Jilkua |  |  | Taraf annexed by Twipra Kingdom assisted by the Baro-Bhuiyan confederation.
1582 | Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, of Tokugawa Ieyasu and of the Takeda | Battle of Temmokuzan |  | 11 March | Tokugawa Ieyasu and Oda Nobunaga destroy the forces of Takeda Katsuyori, who commits suicide.
Ghent War | Siege of Oudenaarde |  | 19 April—5 July | Spain captures Oudenaarde from the Union of Utrecht.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga, of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and of the Mōri clan | Siege of Takamatsu |  | April—June | Hideyoshi captures Takamatsu Castle. The lord of this castle also commits suicide.
Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga | Battle of Honnō-ji | 21 June | Nobunaga is defeated by Akechi Mitsuhide, who forces him to commit suicide.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Battle of Yamazaki | 2 July | Hideyoshi defeats Akechi Mitsuhide, the murderer of his master Oda Nobunaga.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Lochem |  | 22 July—15 Sep | Spain fails to capture Lochem from the Union of Utrecht.
War of the Portuguese Succession | Battle of Ponta Delgada |  | 26 July | Spain wins a naval battle in the War of the Portuguese Succession.
Eighty Years' War | Keppel Castle |  | 26-30 Sep | The Union of Utrecht captures Keppel Castle from Spain.
Russian conquest of Siberia | Battle of Chuvash Cape |  | 4 Nov | Russians decisively defeat and conquer the Khanate of Sibir in Siberia.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Battle of Uchide-hama |  |  | Hideyoshi again defeats Nobunaga's murderer, Akechi Mitsuhide.
1583 | Pre-Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of São Vicente |  | 3 Feb | Skirmish where three English ships defeated three Spanish galleons.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Eindhoven |  | 7 Feb—23 April | Spain captures Eindhoven from the Union of Utrecht.
Ottoman–Safavid War | Battle of Torches |  | 9-11 May | Ottoman Turks defeat Safavid Persians at the end of three days of battle.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Battle of Shizugatake |  | May | Hideyoshi relieves one of his allies who was under siege.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Steenbergen |  | 17 June | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht.
War of the Portuguese Succession | Conquest of the Azores |  | 2 Aug | Spain integrates the Habsburg dynasty as the rulers of Portugal.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Ghent |  | Oct 1583—17 Sep 1584 | Spain captures Ghent from the Union of Utrecht.
Cologne War | Battle of Hüls [de] |  | 19 Nov | German Calvinists defeat German Catholics.
1584 | Eighty Years' War and Cologne War | Battle of Terborg [nl] |  | 31 March | Spain defeats the Electorate of Cologne, ally of the Union of Utrecht.
Siege of Zutphen [nl] | May—July | The Union of Utrecht fails to capture Zutphen from Spain.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Antwerp |  | July 1584—17 Aug 1585 | Spain captures Antwerp from the Union of Utrecht.
Siege of Brussels [nl] | Aug 1584—10 March 1585 | Spain captures Brussels from the Union of Utrecht.
Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Slunj |  | 26 Oct | Croatian army defeats forces of the invading Ottoman Empire.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and of Tokugawa Ieyasu | Battle of Komaki and Nagakute |  |  | Hideyoshi is defeated by Tokugawa Ieyasu
1585 | Eighty Years' War | Battle on the Kouwensteinsedijk [nl] |  | May | The Union of Utrecht fails to relieve Antwerp, and end the siege by the Spanish army.
Battle of Amerongen [nl] |  | 23 June | Spain defeats the Union of Utrecht.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, of the Chōsokabe clan and of the Mōri clan | Invasion of Shikoku |  | June—Aug | Hideyoshi conquers the island
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of IJsseloord |  | 6-15 Oct | Dutch and English defeat Spain.
1586 | Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Santo Domingo |  | 1 Jan | English under Francis Drake defeat and raid Spanish colony.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Boksum |  | 17 Jan | Spain defeats The Netherlands.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Cartagena de Indias |  | 9-11 Feb | Francis Drake defeats Spanish and plunders city.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Grave |  | Early April—7 June | Spain captures Grave after a treaty with the English and Dutch troops.
Anglo-Spanish War | Raid on St. Augustine |  | 27-29 May | Francis Drake devastates Spanish colony.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Venlo |  | 28 June | Spain captures Venlo from The Netherlands.
| Battle of Leitao Coast |  | June | Arab Niquilus defeat Portugal
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Pantelleria |  | 13 July | The English navy defeats Spain and Malta.
Eighty Years' War and Cologne War | Siege of Rheinberg |  | 13 Aug 1586—3 Feb 1590 | Spain captures Rheinberg, a rebel protestant stronghold in the Electorate of Cologne defended by Dutch and English troops.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Zutphen |  | 22 Sep | Spanish defeat Dutch rebels.
Siege of Zutphen [nl] | Sep—Oct | The Netherlands and England fail to capture Zutphen from Spain.
1587 | Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Sluis |  | 12 June—4 Aug | Spain captures Sluis from The Netherlands.
War of the Three Henrys | Battle of Coutras |  | 20 Oct | Huguenot forces defeat the French Royal Army.
Battle of Vimory | 26 Oct | French Royalist forces defeat foreign Huguenot forces.
1588 | War of the Polish Succession | Battle of Byczyna |  | 24 Jan | A Polish faction defeats a Habsburg faction.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Medemblik [nl] |  | 27 Feb—29 April | The Netherlands capture Medemblik from rebel commander Diederik Sonoy and English soldiers.
Cologne War | Siege of Bonn |  | March—24 Sep | Spain captures Bonn, capital of the Electorate of Cologne, for the Catholic archbishop Ernest of Bavaria from German Calvinists, supporting Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, the former archbishop, who had converted to Calvinism.
| Battle of Gravelines |  | 29 July | Spanish Armada beaten decisively in battle against the English and Dutch fleet.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Bergen op Zoom |  | 23 Sep—13 Nov | Spain fails to capture Bergen op Zoom from The Netherlands.
1589 | Eighty Years' War | Siege of Heusden [nl] | Summer—Oct | Spain fails to capture Heusden from The Netherlands.
Succession of Henry IV of France and Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Arques |  | 15-29 Sep | King Henry IV of France and England defeat the French Catholic League.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Zoutkamp [nl] |  | 5-9 Oct | The Netherlands capture Zoutkamp from Spain.
1590 | Capture of Breda | 4 March | The Netherlands and England capture Breda from Spain.
| Battle of Tondibi |  | 13 March | Saadi dynasty of Morocco decisively defeats the Songhai Empire, leading to its collapse.
Succession of Henry IV of France and Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Ivry |  | 14 March | Henri IV of Navarre defeats Catholic League.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of the Strait of Gibraltar |  | 24 April | English secure passage of company ships after defeating Spain.
Succession of Henry IV of France | Siege of Paris |  | 7 May—30 Aug | King Henry IV of France, England and French Huguenots fail to capture Paris from the French Catholic League, aided by Spain. Paris was a staunch supporter of the Catholic cause.
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, of Tokugawa Ieyasu, of the Mōri clan, of the Chōsokabe clan, of the Shimazu clan and of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Odawara |  | May—4 Aug | the Go-Hōjō clan surrendered to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Japan was unified (1590).
Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, of the Mōri clan, of the Chōsokabe clan and of the Hōjō clan | Siege of Shimoda | May—Aug | Hideyoshi's forces successfully besiege Hōjō clan.
1591 | Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of the Strait of Gibraltar |  | 24 April | The English navy defeats Spain.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Zutphen |  | 19-30 May | The Netherlands and England capture Zutphen from Spain.
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Deventer | 1-10 June | The Netherlands and England capture Deventer from Spain.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of the Berlengas |  | 15 July | The Spanish navy defeats England.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Knodsenburg |  | 21-25 July | The Netherlands and England capture Knodsenburg from Spain.
Mughal conquest of Gujarat | Battle of Bhuchar Mori |  | July | Mughal Empire defeated combined Kathiawar forces led by Nawanagar State
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Flores |  | 30 Aug—1 Sep | Spain defeats England.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of the Gulf of Almería |  | Late Aug | The Spanish navy defeats The Netherlands and England.
War of the Three Henrys | Battle of Pontcharra [fr] |  | 17 Sep | France defeats Savoy
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Hulst |  | 20-24 Sep | The Netherlands capture Hulst from Spain.
Siege of Nijmegen | 17-21 Oct | The Netherlands and England capture Nijmegen from Spain.
Succession of Henry IV of France and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Rouen |  | 11 Nov 1591—20 April 1592 | King Henry IV of France, England and The Netherlands fail to capture Rouen from the French Catholic League. Spain helped defend the city.
1592 | Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Flores |  | 20 May—13 Aug | The English navy defeats Spain.
Succession of Henry IV of France and Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Craon |  | 21-24 May | Spain and the French Catholic League defeat French royalists and England.
Imjin War | Siege of Busan |  | 24-25 May | Japanese defeat Koreans. Occurred 13-14 April on the Lunar Calendar.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Steenwijk |  | 30 May—5 July | The Netherlands and England capture Steenwijk from Spain.
Imjin War | Battle of Sangju |  | 3 June | Konishi Yukinaga defeats the Koreans under Yi Il. Occurred 25 April on the Lunar calendar.
Battle of Ch'ungju | 7 June | Japanese forces decisively defeat the Koreans. Occurred 28 April on the Lunar calendar.
Battle of Okpo | 16 June | The Korean Navy defeats a Japanese convoy. Occurred 7 May on the Lunar calendar.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Coevorden |  | 26 July—2 Sep | The Netherlands and England capture Coevorden from Spain.
Imjin War | Battle of Hansan Island |  | 14 Aug | Korean Navy defeats Japanese Navy.
Battle of Busan | 1 Nov | Korean Navy could not recapture Busan from Japan.
Siege of Jinju | 8-13 Nov | Siege of Jinju Fortress. Commander Kim Si-min repulses the Japanese commander Hosokawa Tadaoki, due to the arrival of a Korean relief force led by Gwak Jae-u.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of the Bay of Biscay |  | Nov | The Spanish navy defeats England.
1593 | Imjin War | Battle of Byeokjegwan |  | 27 Jan | battle between Japan and China in Seoul. The Japanese army led by Ukita Hideie and Kobayakawa Takakage defeated the Ming Chinese army under Li Rusong.
Siege of Pyongyang |  | 6-8 Feb | Ming Chinese general Li Rusong defeats Konishi Yukinaga. Japan is expelled from Pyongyang.
Battle of Haengju |  | 14 March | The Korean army under commander Gwon Yul defenders were successful in repelling the Japanese forces.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Geertruidenberg |  | 27 March—24 June | The Netherlands and England capture Geertruidenberg from Spain.
Anglo-Spanish War and Succession of Henry IV of France | Battle of Blaye |  | 18 April | The Spanish navy defeats England and French royalists.
Long Turkish War and Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Sisak |  | 22 June | Forces of the Holy Roman Empire defeat forces of the Ottoman Empire.
Imjin War | Siege of Jinju |  | 20-27 July | Japanese defeat Koreans.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Coevorden |  | Oct 1593—7 May 1594 | Spain fails to capture Coevorden from The Netherlands.
Johnstone-Maxwell feud | Battle of Dryfe Sands |  | 6 Dec | A clash between Clan Maxwell and Clan Johnstone.
Burmese–Siamese War | Battle of Nong Sa Rai |  |  | Thai Ayutthaya Kingdom under Naresuan defeats final attempt to keep Siam subjugated by Nanda Bayin. Naresuan regains independence for the Ayutthaya Kingdom from Toungoo.
1594 | Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Groningen |  | 19 May—22 July | The Netherlands and England capture Groningen from Spain.
Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts | Campaign of Danture |  | 5 July—9 Oct | Kingdom of Kandy stops Portuguese incursion into Sri Lanka.
Scottish clan feuds | Battle of Glenlivet |  | 3 Oct | Religious clan battle.
Anglo-Spanish War and Succession of Henry IV of France | Siege of Fort Crozon |  | 13 Oct—19 Nov | England and France capture a Spanish fort, used as an outpost for naval attacks on England.
1595 | Franco-Spanish War | Battle of Fontaine-Française | 5 June | King Henry IV of France defeats Spain and the French Catholic League.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Groenlo |  | 14-24 July | The Netherlands and England fail to capture Groenlo from Spain.
Long Turkish War | Battle of Călugăreni |  | 23 Aug | Wallachia defeats the Ottoman Empire.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of the Lippe |  | 3 Sep | Spain defeats The Netherlands and England.
Long Turkish War | Battle of Giurgiu |  | 27-30 Oct | Transylvania, Wallachia, Moldavia and the Holy Roman Empire defeat the Ottoman Empire.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Guadelupe Island |  | 8 Nov | The Spanish navy defeats England.
Battle of San Juan |
1596 | Battle of Pinos |  | 11 March
Franco-Spanish War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Calais |  | 8-24 April | Spain captures Calais from France.
Anglo-Spanish War | Capture of Cadiz |  | 30 June—15 July | Anglo-Dutch forces seize the Spanish city of Cádiz.
Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War | Battle of Brest, Croatia |  | 19 Sep | Croatian army defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire forcing the latter to lift the siege of Petrinja.
Long Turkish War | Battle of Keresztes |  | 24-26 Oct | Ottoman Empire defeats Austria-Hungary and Germany.
1597 | Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of Turnhout |  | 24 Jan | Dutch troops defeat Spanish cavalry
Franco-Spanish War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Amiens |  | 13 May—25 Sep | France and England defeat Spain.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Rheinberg |  | 9-19 Aug | The Netherlands and England capture Rheinberg from Spain.
Imjin War | Battle of Chilcheollyang |  | 28 Aug | Japanese Navy decisively defeat Korean Navy
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Groenlo |  | 11–28 Sep | The Netherlands and England capture Groenlo from Spain.
Imjin War | Siege of Namwon |  | 23-26 Sep | Japanese defeat Korean and Chinese alliance force
Eighty Years' War | Siege of Bredevoort |  | 1-10 Oct | The Netherlands and England capture Bredevoort from Spain.
Imjin War | Battle of Myeongnyang |  | 26 Oct | Korean Navy defeats Japanese navy
1598 | Siege of Ulsan | 29 Jan—19 Feb | Japanese defeat Korean and Chinese alliance force.
Anglo-Spanish War | Battle of San Juan |  | 15-30 June | England defeats Spain in Puerto Rico and takes their castle, they retreat 65 days later but burn San Juan to the ground.
Nine Years' War | Battle of the Yellow Ford |  | 14 Aug | Irish under Hugh O'Neill, earl of Tyrone, destroy English force.
War against Sigismund | Battle of Stångebro |  | 25 Sep | Sigismund loses the Swedish crown to his uncle, Duke Charles.
| Siege of Rheinberg |  | 2-14 Oct | Spain captures Rheinberg from the Netherlands.
Imjin War | Battle of Sacheon |  | 6-11 Nov | Japanese army defeats Korean army.
Battle of Noryang Point | 16 Dec | Ming Chinese and Korean Navy decisively defeat the Japanese army.
Arauco War | Battle of Curalaba |  | 23 Dec | The Mapuche defeat Spain.
1599 |  | Battle of Jenné |  | 26 April | Saadi dynasty of Morocco decisively defeats the Mali Empire, leading to its collapse.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Schenckenschans |  | 28 April—May | Spain fails to capture Schenkenschanz from The Netherlands.
Siege of Zaltbommel |  | 15 May—22 July | Spain fails to capture Zaltbommel from The Netherlands.
Nine Years' War | Battle of Curlew Pass |  | 15 Aug | Irish forces defeat the English.
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War | Siege of Rees |  | 10-12 Sep | A Protestant German army and a Dutch army fail to capture Rees from Spain.
Long Turkish War | Battle of Șelimbăr |  | 18 Oct | Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia, defeats the army of Andrew Báthory.
Georgian–Ottoman Wars | Battle of Nakhiduri |  |  | An invading Ottoman army defeats and captures the King Simon I of Kartli.
1600 | War of the Straits | Battle of Castro |  | May | Spain defeats The Netherlands and reconquers Chiloé Island.
Eighty Years' War | Battle of Nieuwpoort |  | 2 July | Battle between Dutch (led by Prince Maurits) and Spanish army, led by Albrecht, archduke of Austria. Dutch victory.
Long Turkish War | Battle of Mirăslău |  | 18 Sep | The Holy Roman Empire and Hungarian nobility defeat Wallachia.
Sekigahara Campaign | Battle of Sekigahara |  | 21 Oct | Japanese General Ieyasu defeats three regents of the son of Hideyoshi in the most important battle in Japanese history – he later establishes the Tokugawa Shogunate.

## References

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1. ^ Keen, Maurice Hugh, ed. (2010). Medieval warfare: a history (Reprinted ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. pp. 136–160\. ISBN 978-0-19-820639-2.
2. ^ Zachariadou, Elizabeth A.; Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, eds. (1993). The Ottoman Emirate: (1300 - 1389); Halcyon Days in Crete I; a symposium held in Rethymnon 11 - 13 January 1991. Rethymnon: Crete Univ. Press. ISBN 978-960-7309-58-7.
3. ^ Traquair, Peter (1998). Freedom's Sword. HarperCollins. pp. 110–111\. ISBN 978-0-00-472079-1.
4. ^ Verbruggen, Jan F.; Verbruggen, Jan F. (1998). The art of warfare in Western Europe during the Middle Ages: from the eighth century to 1340. Warfare in history (2. ed, rev. and enlarged, repr. in paperback ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 195–197\. ISBN 978-0-85115-630-9.
5. ^ Kadri, Sadakat (2013). Heaven on Earth: A Journey Through Shari'a Law. London: Vintage. p. 187\. ISBN 978-0-09-952327-7.
6. ^ Setton, Kenneth Meyer; Hazard, Harry W. (1975). A History of the Crusades. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Pennsylvania state university. Madison London: the University of Wisconsin press. pp. 283–287\. ISBN 978-0-299-06670-3.

## External links

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* Poll – The Most Important Battles in History

List of battles: before 301 – 301–1300 – 1301–1600 – 1601–1800 – 1801–1900 – 1901–2000 – 2001–current
*[Loc.]: Location (present day)