List of battles by casualties

This article is about list of specific battles by casualties. For list of wars, see List of wars by death toll.

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The following is a list of the casualties count in battles or offensives in world history. The list includes both sieges (not technically battles but usually yielding similar combat-related or civilian deaths) and civilian casualties during the battles.

Large battle casualty counts are usually impossible to calculate precisely, but few in this list may include somewhat precise numbers. Many of these figures, though, are estimates, and, where possible, a range of estimates is presented. Figures display numbers for all types of casualties when available (killed, wounded, missing, and sick) but may only include number killed due to a lack of total data on the event. Where possible, the list specifies whether or not prisoners are included in the count.

This list does not include bombing campaigns/runs (such as the attack on Pearl Harbor and the bombing of Tokyo) or massacres such as the Rape of Nanjing, which, despite potentially massive casualties, are not typically classified as "battles", since they are usually one-sided engagements or the nation attacked is not officially at war with the attackers. Tactical or strategic strikes, however, may form part of larger engagements which are themselves battles, small campaigns or offensives.

## Sieges and urban combat

[edit]

This list, sorted by year, includes sieges as well as modern battles fought primarily in urban areas. Major military operations that included city fighting are listed below this.

Siege  | Year  | Conflict  | Casualties

|
|
|

(High est.)  | (Low est.)
Siege of Tyre | 332 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 39,000
(including 13,000 civilians and 2,000 executed soldiers)  | 34,000
Siege of Gaza | 332 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 14,000  | 11,000
Siege of Syracuse (213–212 BC) | 213-212 BC  | Second Punic War | 40,000
(including Archimedes)  | 9,000
Siege of Carthage | 149-146 BC  | Third Punic War | 450,000
(including 50,000 civilians enslaved)  | 200,000
Siege of Athens and Piraeus | 87–86 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (First Mithridatic War)  | 400,000
(including prisoners)  | 200,000[1]
Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) | 63 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (First Mithridatic War)  | 12,000+  | 5,000
Siege of Alesia | 52 BC  | Gallic Wars | 200,000  | 100,000
Siege of Constantinople | 626  | Sasanian–Byzantine wars | 95,000  | 70,000
Siege of Constantinople | 717–718  | Arab–Byzantine wars | 170,000  | 130,000[2]
Siege of Yongqiu | 756  | An Lushan Rebellion | 100,000  | 65,000
Siege of Suiyang | 757  | An Lushan Rebellion | 200,000+  | 160,000
Siege of Chandax | 960-961  | Arab–Byzantine wars | 74,000  | 50,000
Siege of Yongzhou | 1076  | Lý-Song War | 140,000[3] | 78,000[4]
Siege of Nicaea | 1097  | First Crusade | 11,000  | 4,000
Siege of Ma'arra | 1098  | First Crusade | 45,000
(including civilians and soldiers executed and cannibalized)  | 25,000
Siege of Antioch | 1097-1099  | First Crusade | 74,000  | 50,000
Siege of Jerusalem | 1099  | First Crusade | 90,000  | 70,000
Siege of Tripoli | 1099-1102  | First Crusade | 90,000  | 105,000
Siege of Bukhara | 1220  | Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire | 30,000  | 15,000
Siege of Gurganj | 1221  | Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire | 1,200,000  | 90,000
Siege of Baghdad | 1258  | Mongol invasions and conquests | 2,000,000[5] | 90,000[6][7]
Siege of Acre | 1291  | Fall of Outremer | 20,000  | 10,000
Siege of Caffa | 1345-1347  | Genoese–Mongol Wars | 60,000  | 15,000
Siege of Golubac | 1428  | Ottoman–Hungarian wars | 20,000  | 10,000
Siege of Constantinople | 1453  | Byzantine–Ottoman wars | 54,000+  | 34,000+
Siege of Vijaya | 1471  | Champa–Đại Việt War (1471) | 300,000+  | 130,000+
Siege of Tenochtitlan | 1521  | Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire | 240,000  | 100,000[8][9]
Siege of Szigetvár | 1566  | Ottoman wars in Europe | 33,000  | 23,000
Siege of Chittorgarh | 1567–1568  | Mughal-Rajput Wars (1558–1576) | 40,000  | 35,000
Siege of Ulsan | 1598  | Imjin War | 30,000  | 13,000
Siege of Nagykanizsa | 1601  | Long Turkish War | 37,000  | 25,000
Siege of Ostend | 1601–1604  | Eighty Years' War | 115,000  | 90,000
Siege of Osaka | 1614-1615  | Edo Period | 500,000  | 110,000
Siege of La Rochelle | 1627-1628  | Huguenot rebellions | 35,000  | 27,000
Capture of Maastricht | 1632  | Eighty Years' War | 14,000  | 9,500
Siege of Candia | 1648–1669  | Cretan War | 149,739  | 149,739
Battle of Vienna | 1683  | Great Turkish War  | 83,000  | 99,000
Siege of Buda (1686) | 1686  | Great Turkish War  | 23,000  | 23,000
Siege of Jinji | 1690-1698  | Deccan wars | 16,000[10]
First siege of Anandpur | 1700  | Hill States-Sikh Wars  | 150,000+  | 150,000+
Siege of Belgrade (1717) | 1717  | Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) | 50,000  | 50,000
Siege of Izmail | 1790  | Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) | 50,000+  | ~41,500
Siege of Toulon | 1793  | War of the First Coalition | 21,400  | 7,400
Battle of Praga[11] | 1794  | Kościuszko Uprising | 27,000  | ~21,500
Siege of Mantua | 1796–1797  | War of the First Coalition | 51,000  | 51,000
Siege of Genoa | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 28,000  | 28,000
Siege of Danzig | 1807  | War of the Fourth Coalition | 17,900  | 17,900
Second siege of Zaragoza | 1808–1809  | Peninsular War | 64,000[12] | 64,000
First siege of Sevastopol | 1854–1855  | Crimean War | 230,000[13] | 230,000
Third Battle of Nanking | 1864  | Taiping Rebellion | 100,000[14] | 100,000
Siege of Petersburg | 1864–1865  | American Civil War | 70,000[15] | 70,000
Siege of Vicksburg | 1863  | American Civil War | 36,000  | 20,000
Battle of Gettysburg | 1863  | American Civil War | 50,000  | 50,000
Siege of Paris | 1871  | Franco-Prussian War | 332,142  | 229,000
Siege of Plevna | 1877  | Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) | 75,000[16] | 75,000
Siege of Port Arthur | 1904–1905  | Russo-Japanese War | 100,000[17] | 100,000
Siege of Adrianople | 1912–1913  | First Balkan War | 93,282[18] | 93,282
Siege of Liege | 1914  | World War I | 25,300  | 6,000
Siege of Przemyśl | 1914  | World War I | 253,000  | 253,000
Siege of Maubeuge | 1914  | World War I | 94,000  | 51,000
Siege of Antwerp | 1914  | World War I | 58,000  | 36,000
Siege of Kut | 1915-1916  | World War I | 50,000  | 36,000
Battle of Taiyuan | 1937  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 130,000[19] | 130,000
Battle of Xinkou | 1937  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 200,000[citation needed] | 200,000
Battle of Shanghai | 1937  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 426,140[20] | 363,700[21]
First Battle of Changsha | 1939  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 80,000+  | 80,000+[22]
Battle of Nanchang | 1939  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 75,328[23] | 75,328
Siege of Warsaw (1939) | 1939  | World War II | 206,000  | 206,000
Battle of Dunkirk | 1940  | World War II | 88,000[24] | 88,000
Siege of Malta (World War II) | 1940-1942  | World War II | 21,000  | 21,000
Battle of South Shanxi | 1941  | Second Sino-Japanese War | 120,000+  | 120,000+[25]
Siege of Tobruk | 1941  | World War II | 18,600  | 16,500
Siege of Odessa | 1941  | World War II | 133,813[26] | 133,813
Battle of Kiev | 1941  | World War II | 761,783[26] | 761,783
Second siege of Sevastopol | 1941–1942  | World War II | 236,437  | 236,437
Third Battle of Changsha | 1942  | World War II | 84,862[27] | 84,862
First Battle of Voronezh | 1942  | World War II | 662,847  | 662,847
Battle of Stalingrad | 1942–1943  | World War II | 4,172,000[28][29] | 1,250,000[30]
Battle of Changde | 1943  | World War II | 100,000  | 100,000[31]
Battle of West Hubei | 1943  | World War II | 115,830  | 115,830[32]
Siege of Leningrad | 1941–1944  | World War II | 4,000,000[33] | 1,117,000[34][35]
Warsaw Uprising | 1944  | World War II | 200,000+  | 200,000+[36]
Siege of Budapest | 1944–1945  | World War II | 422,000  | 422,000[37]
Battle of Berlin | 1945  | World War II | 1,286,367
(including civilians)  | 1,057,665[38]
Battle of Okinawa | 1945  | World War II | 240,000  | 130,000
Battle of Manila | 1945  | World War II | 500,000[39][40] | 100,000[41][42]
Battle of the Bulge | 1944–1945  | World War II | 218,900  | 161,370[43]
Siege of Changchun | 1948[44] | Chinese Civil War | 425,000[45] | 78,808[46][47][48]
Siege of Basra | 1987  | Iran–Iraq War | 85,000  | 85,000
First Battle of Grozny | 1994–1995  | First Chechen War | 33,192  | 32,000
Battle of Aleppo | 2012–2016  | Syrian Civil War | 45,000[49] | 31,273[50]
Battle of Mosul | 2016–2017  | War in Iraq (2013–2017) | 71,355[51][52][53] | 18,200[54]
Siege of Mariupol | 2022  | Russian Invasion of Ukraine | 85,200[55][56][57] | 8,034[58][59][60][56]
Battle of Bakhmut | 2022–2023  | Russian Invasion of Ukraine | 165,600[61] | 146,050[61]
Battle of Avdiivka | 2023–2024  | Russian Invasion of Ukraine | 54,000[62][63] | 21,000[63]
Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip | 2023-2025  | Gaza War | 186,000 (June 2024)[64] | 53,939 and 122,797 wounded[65]

## Major operations

[edit]

This list includes major operations and prolonged battles or operations fought over a large area or for a long time. The durations of some operations, like the Battle of Moscow, are disputed, so casualty numbers may differ for that reason alone.

Operation  | Year  | Conflict  | Casualties

|
|
|

Flanders and Rhine campaign | 1713 | War of the Spanish Succession | 190,442[citation needed]
Montenotte Campaign | 1796 | War of the First Coalition | 8,000\+
Ulm Campaign | 1805 | War of the Third Coalition | 62,000
French invasion of Russia | 1812 | Napoleonic Wars | 920,000–1,040,000[66]
German Campaign | 1813 | War of the Sixth Coalition | 745,000
Six Days' Campaign | 1814 | War of the Sixth Coalition | 80,000[67]
Hundred Days | 1815 | War of the Seventh Coalition | 241,525
Peninsula Campaign | 1862 | American Civil War | 36,463[68]
Battle of Chancellorsville | 1863 | American Civil War | 30,000[69]–30,500[70]
Overland Campaign | 1864 | American Civil War | 87,000[71]–92,000[12]
Appomattox Campaign | 1865 | American Civil War | 16,500[15]
Battle of Liaoyang | 1904 | Russo-Japanese War | 33,100
Battle of Shaho | 1904 | Russo-Japanese War | 62,500
Battle of Mukden | 1905 | Russo-Japanese War | 160,000[72]
Battle of Sandepu | 1905 | Russo-Japanese War | 22,400
Battle of Lule Burgas | 1912 | First Balkan War | 42,162+[73]
First Battle of Çatalca | 1912 | First Balkan War | 22,000[74]
Battle of Bregalnica | 1913 | Second Balkan War | 36,620[18]
Battle of Kilkis-Lachanas | 1913 | Second Balkan War | 15,700
Serbian campaign | 1914–1915  | World War I | 790,000–1,587,000+
Battle of the Frontiers | 1914 | World War I | 664,191
Battle of Tannenberg | 1914 | World War I | 145,000[75]–160,000[76]
Battle of Galicia | 1914 | World War I | 645,000–700,000
Battle of Cer | 1914 | World War I | 58,500–65,500
First Battle of the Marne | 1914 | World War I | 513,000[77]
First Battle of the Aisne | 1914 | World War I | 263,541\+
Battle of the Yser | 1914 | World War I | 18,500\+
First Battle of Ypres | 1914 | World War I | 210,000[78]
Battle of Łódź | 1914 | World War I | 270,000–390,000[79]
Battle of the Drina | 1914 | World War I | 70,000
Battle of the Vistula River | 1914 | World War I | 214,480
Battle of Limanowa | 1914 | World War I | 251,120
First Battle of Champagne | 1914–1915  | World War I | 139,532
Battle of Sarikamish | 1914–1915  | World War I | 60,000—85,000[80]
Carpathian Front | 1915 | World War I | 930,751
Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes | 1915 | World War I | 216,200
Second Battle of Ypres | 1915 | World War I | 104,208[81]–107,000[82]
Gallipoli Campaign | 1915 | World War I | 503,000[81]–552,000[83]
Second Battle of Artois | 1915 | World War I | 186,000[81]
Battle of Neuve Chapelle | 1915 | World War I | 23,000
Second Battle of Champagne–Third Battle of Artois | 1915 | World War I | 75,000[82]–440,000[81]
Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive | 1915 | World War I | 300,000–1,087,000[81]
Great Retreat (Russian) | 1915 | World War I | 1,943,800\+
Serbian Campaign | 1915 | World War I | 331,000 including prisoners[84]
Erzurum offensive | 1916 | World War I | 80,000—85,000[80]
Battle of Erzincan | 1916 | World War I | 63,000
Battle of Mont Sorrel | 1916 | World War I | 14,000
Battle of Verdun | 1916 | World War I | 755,000[85]–976,000[81]
Battle of Asiago | 1916 | World War I | 250,000[81]
Brusilov offensive | 1916 | World War I | 1,500,000–2,500,000[86]
Battle of the Somme | 1916 | World War I | 1,120,000[87]–1,215,000[81]
Monastir Offensive | 1916 | World War I | 111,000[88]
Romanian Campaign | 1916–1917  | World War I | 240,000[81][dubious - discuss]–933,000, including prisoners
Nivelle Offensive | 1917 | World War I | 354,000[89]
Second Battle of the Aisne | 1917 | World War I | 350,000–463,000
Battle of Arras | 1917 | World War I | 278,000–288,000
Battle of Messines | 1917 | World War I | 42,000[90][91]
Tenth Battle of the Isonzo | 1917 | World War I | 200,000[92]
Third Battle of Ypres | 1917 | World War I | 585,000+[93]
Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo | 1917 | World War I | 273,000
Battle of Caporetto | 1917 | World War I | 60,000[94]
Battle of Cambrai | 1917 | World War I | 95,000[94]
German spring offensive | 1918 | World War I | 1,539,000[95]
Battle of Amiens | 1918 | World War I | 150,000
Operation Michael | 1918 | World War I | 494,616
Battle of the Lys | 1918 | World War I | 204,300–228,340
Third Battle of the Aisne | 1918 | World War I | 257,000
Second Battle of the Piave River | 1918 | World War I | 131,494 killed and wounded, 73,729 prisoners
Second Battle of the Marne | 1918 | World War I | 288,000[95]
Battle of Soissons | 1918 | World War I | 287,259
Battle of Saint-Mihiel | 1918 | World War I | 27,500
Hundred Days Offensive | 1918 | World War I | 2,240,000[95]
Meuse–Argonne offensive | 1918 | World War I | 318,000
Battle of Warsaw | 1920 | Polish–Soviet War | 130,000, approximately, not including prisoners[96]
Invasion of Manchuria | 1931 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 35,000[citation needed]
Asturias Offensive | 1937 | Spanish Civil War | 50,000
Battle of Jarama | 1937 | Spanish Civil War | 40,000
Battle of Guadalajara | 1937 | Spanish Civil War | 12,000[97]
Aragon Offensive | 1937–1938  | Spanish Civil War | 205,000, including prisoners
Battle of Teruel | 1937–1938  | Spanish Civil War | 110,000[98]
Levante Offensive | 1938 | Spanish Civil War | 25,000
Battle of the Ebro | 1938 | Spanish Civil War | 106,500[98]
Battle of Xuzhou | 1938 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 130,000[99]
1938 Yellow River Flood | 1938 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 800,000[100]
Battle of Wuhan | 1938 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 550,000–700,000[101][102]
Battles of Khalkhin Gol | 1939 | Soviet–Japanese border conflicts | 42,000–75,000[103][104]
Battle of Suixian–Zaoyang | 1939 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 49,000
Invasion of Poland | 1939 | World War II | 310,000[105]–914,000[106]
Battle of the Bzura | 1939 | World War II | 232,000[107]–234,000[107]
Winter Offensive | 1939–1940  | World War II | 100,000+[108]
Operation Weserübung | 1940 | World War II | 12,800[105]
Battle of France | 1940 | World War II | 469,000[109]
Battle of Britain | 1940 | World War II | 38,800[a] [110][b]
Hundred Regiments Offensive | 1940 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 62,900[111]
Battle of Keren | 1941 | World War II | 12,600\+ killed
Battle of Greece | 1941 | World War II | 46,295[112]
Battle of Shanggao | 1941 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 42,000
Battle of Crete | 1941 | World War II | 16,007[113]
Operation Barbarossa | 1941 | World War II | 5,318,000[114]–8,050,000[115]
Battle of Białystok–Minsk | 1941 | World War II | 429,886 including prisoners[116]
Battle of Smolensk | 1941 | World War II | 595,606 killed, captured, and missing
300,000 Soviet prisoners
Battle of Uman | 1941 | World War II | 223,853
Battle of Kiev (included in Barbarossa)  | 1941 | World War II | 761,783 killed, captured, and missing
Battle of Bryansk | 1941 | World War II | 700,000 Soviet killed, captured and missing
German casualties unknown.
Battle of Moscow (included in Barbarossa)  | 1941 | World War II | 1,000,000[117]
Battle of Hong Kong | 1941 | World War II | 18,000 including prisoners[118]
Battle of Malaya/Battle of Singapore | 1941–1942  | World War II | 143,800, and 60,000 prisoners[119]
Battle of Bataan/Battle of Corregidor | 1942 | World War II | 30,000 killed[120]
Battle of Lyuban | 1942 | World War II | 365,135
Battle of the Kerch Peninsula | 1942 | World War II | 176,000+[121]
Demyansk Pocket | 1942 | World War II | 300,000
Second Battle of Kharkov | 1942 | World War II | 300,000[121]
Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign | 1942 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 356,000[122]
Battle of Gazala | 1942 | World War II | 148,000[123]
First Battle of El Alamein | 1942 | World War II | 30,000
Kokoda Track campaign | 1942 | World War II | 13,000
Case Blue | 1942 | World War II | 1,400,000
Battle of the Caucasus | 1942–1942  | World War II | 625,000
Guadalcanal Campaign | 1942–1943  | World War II | 29,100[124]–31,100[125]
Battles of Rzhev | 1942–1943  | World War II | 2,900,000–3,080,000
Second Battle of El Alamein | 1942 | World War II | 39,400[123]–82,500[126]
Operation Iskra | 1943 | World War II | 129,332[127]
Battle of Kursk | 1943 | World War II | 1,028,617[128][129]–2,037,000[130]
Operation Kutuzov | 1943 | World War II | 516,344
Allied invasion of Sicily | 1943 | World War II | 36,000\+ killed, and over 100,000 Italian POWs[131]
Belgorod–Kharkov offensive operation | 1943 | World War II | 202,654–280,634
Battle of Smolensk | 1943 | World War II | 522,059
Dnieper Campaign | 1943 | World War II | 1,582,000–2,480,000
Operation Husky | 1943 | World War II | 16,000
Allied invasion of Italy | 1943 | World War II | 17,092[132]
Bougainville Campaign | 1943–1945  | World War II | 21,929 killed, and 23,571 Japanese prisoners[133]
Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive | 1943–1944  | World War II | 1,442,956
Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive | 1944 | World War II | 385,604
Battle of Monte Cassino | 1944 | World War II | 185,000[134]
Battle of Narva | 1944 | World War II | 550,000 all causes[135]
Battle of Anzio | 1944 | World War II | 52,200 killed[136]
First Jassy–Kishinev Offensive | 1944 | World War II | 195,000[137]
Operation Ichi-Go | 1944 | Second Sino-Japanese War | 1,300,000+[138]
Battle of Normandy | 1944 | World War II | 650,600[139][140]–795,400[141][140]
Battle of Cherbourg | 1944 | World War II | 60,000
Battle for Caen | 1944 | World War II | 178,000
Operation Dragoon | 1944 | World War II | 169,600
Battle of Saipan | 1944 | World War II | 43,500 killed, including mass suicides[142]
Operation Bagration | 1944 | World War II | 1,430,000[143]
Lvov–Sandomierz offensive | 1944 | World War II | 463,129
Falaise Pocket | 1944 | World War II | 140,000[144]
Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive | 1944 | World War II | 485,424, including prisoners[145]
Operation Market Garden | 1944 | World War II | 27,200[146]
Moro River Campaign | 1944 | World War II | 20,000
Baltic offensive | 1944 | World War II | 280,120 Soviet casualties; German casualties unknown
Battle of Aachen | 1944 | World War II | 21,000
Gothic Line offensive  | 1944-1945  | World War II | 92,000
Battle of Hürtgen Forest | 1944–1945  | World War II | 63,000[147]
Courland Pocket | 1944–1945  | World War II | 278,819
Battle of Leyte Gulf | 1944 | World War II | 12,000 killed[148]
Battle of the Bulge | 1944–1945  | World War II | 161,370[43][149]–218,900
Vistula–Oder Offensive | 1945 | World War II | 636,191 including prisoners
Battle of Luzon | 1945 | World War II | 332,330–345,330, including sick[150]
Battle of the Rhineland | 1945 | World War II | 82,000 and 250,000 prisoners[151]
Battle of Iwo Jima | 1945 | World War II | 44,821[152]–48,700[153]
East Prussian Offensive | 1945 | World War II | 806,778 including prisoners
Battle of Okinawa | 1945 | World War II | 113,920[154]–158,400[155]
Burma campaigns | 1942–1945  | World War II | 700,000[156]
Battle of West Hunan | 1945 | World War II | 50,000
Second Guangxi campaign | 1945 | World War II | 1,000,000[citation needed]
Liaoshen campaign | 1948 | Chinese Civil War | 542,000, including captured[157]
Huaihai campaign | 1948 | Chinese Civil War | 689,000, including captured[158]
Pingjin campaign | 1948–1949  | Chinese Civil War | 560,000, including captured[159]
Shanghai Campaign | 1949 | Chinese Civil War | 213,073[160]
Battle of Inchon | 1950 | Korean War | 17,429[161]
UN offensive into North Korea | 1950 | Korean War | 51,700[162]
Battle of Chosin Reservoir | 1950 | Korean War | 66,000
Battle of Dien Bien Phu | 1954 | First Indochina War | 31,500, not including prisoners[163]
Tet Offensive | 1968 | Vietnam War | 65,000[164]
Operation OAU | 1968 | Nigerian Civil War | 30,000[164]
Easter Offensive | 1972 | Vietnam War | 150,000[164]
Operation Dawn 5 | 1984 | Iran–Iraq War | 75,000
Battle of the Marshes | 1984 | Iran–Iraq War | 55,000
Russian invasion of Ukraine | 2022–pres.  | Russo-Ukrainian War | 300,000[165]–500,000[166]

## Classical formation battles

[edit]

These refer to battles in which armies met on a single field of battle and fought each other for anywhere from one to several days. This type of battle died out in favor of larger military operations.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (January 2018)

|

Battle  | Year  | Conflict  | Casualties

|
|
|

Battle of Megiddo | 1457 BC  | Thutmose III's first campaign in the Levant | 16,000+
Battle of Kadesh | 1274 BC  | Second Syrian campaign of Ramesses II | 30,000+
Battle of Qarqar | 853 BC  | Assyrian conquest of Aram | 24,000+
Battle of Thymbra | 547 BC  | Lydian–Persian War | 100,000[167]
Battle of Marathon | 490 BC  | Greco-Persian Wars | 5,000–8,000[168]
Battle of Thermopylae | 480 BC  | Greco-Persian Wars | 22,500[169]
Battle of Plataea | 479 BC  | Greco-Persian War | 51,500[169]–257,000[170]
Battle of Mycale | 479 BC  | Greco-Persian War | 70,000
Battle of Leuctra | 371 BC  | Theban–Spartan War | 4,300
Battle of Mantinea | 362 BC  | Theban–Spartan War | 18,000
Battle of the Granicus | 334 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 7,000[c][171]
Battle of Issus | 333 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 20,000-40,000[172]
Battle of Gaugamela | 331 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 53,500[173]
Battle of the Persian Gate | 330 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 48,500
Battle of the Hydaspes | 326 BC  | Wars of Alexander the Great | 23,310[173]
Battle of Sentinum | 295 BC  | Third Samnite War | 33,700[174]
Battle of Heraclea | 280 BC  | Pyrrhic War | 11,000–26,000[174]
Battle of Asculum | 279 BC  | Pyrrhic War | 9,500+
Battle of Beneventum | 275 BC  | Pyrrhic War | 20,000
Battle of Messana | 264 BC  | First Punic War | 7,400+
Battle of Changping | 260 BC  | Warring States period | 700,000 (ancient source & includes prisoners)[175]
Battle of the Bagradas River (240 BC) | 240 BC  | Mercenary War | 8,000+
Battle of Telamon | 225 BC  | Roman–Gallic wars | 56,000+
Battle of Ticinus | 218 BC  | Second Punic War | 9,500+
Battle of the Trebia | 218 BC  | Second Punic War | 35,000[176]
Battle of Lake Trasimene | 217 BC  | Second Punic War | 30,000[176]
Battle of Cannae | 216 BC  | Second Punic War | 50,000+[177]
Battle of Silva Litana | 216 BC  | Second Punic War | 24,000+
Battle of the Silarus | 212 BC  | Second Punic War | 15,000 +
Battle of the Metaurus | 207 BC  | Second Punic War | 12,000[178]
Battle of Julu | 207 BC  | Chu–Han Contention | 400,000+ (including prisoners)
Battle of Wei River | 204 BC  | Chu-Han contention | 200,000+
Battle of Utica | 203 BC  | Second Punic War | 45,000+
Battle of Gaixia | 203 BC  | Chu-Han contention | 100,000+
Battle of the Arius | 200 BC  | Antiochus's Bactrian Campaign | 3,750
Battle of Cynoscephalae | 197 BC  | Second Macedonian War | 23,700
Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC) | 191 BC  | Roman–Seleucid War | 14,000
Battle of Magnesia | 190 BC  | Roman–Seleucid War | 53,350[179]
Battle of Pydna | 168 BC  | Third Macedonian War | 21,000[179]
Battle of Noreia | 115 BC  | Germanic Wars (Cimbrian War)  | 24,000
Battle of the Muthul | 109 BC  | Jugurthine War | 25,000
Battle of Arausio | 105 BC  | Germanic Wars (Cimbrian War)  | 85,000[180][181][182]
Battle of Aquae Sextiae | 102 BC  | Germanic Wars (Cimbrian War)  | 90,000[183]
Battle of Chaeronea | 86 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (First Mithridatic War)  | 50,000[184]
Battle of the Colline Gate | 82 BC  | Sulla's civil war | 50,000[185]
Battle of Saguntum (75 BC) | 71 BC  | Sertorian War | 11,000
Battle of the Silarius River | 71 BC  | Third Servile War | 11,000
Battle of Chalcedon | 74 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (Third Mithridatic War)  | 19,000+
Battle of Tigranocerta | 69 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (Third Mithridatic War)  | 10,000+[186]
Battle of the Lycus | 66 BC  | Mithridatic Wars (Third Mithridatic War)  | 10,000+
Battle of Bibracte | 58 BC  | Gallic Wars | 12,000+[187]
Battle of Axona | 57 BC  | Gallic Wars | 11,000+
Battle of Carrhae | 53 BC  | Roman–Persian Wars | 24,000[188]
Battle of Pharsalus | 48 BC  | Caesar's Civil War | 17,000[189]
Battle of Philippi | 42 BC  | Liberators' civil war | 24,000[190]
Battle of Actium | 31 BC  | Final War of the Roman Republic | 7,500+[191]
Battle of the Teutoburg Forest | AD 9  | Roman–Germanic wars | 20,000[192]
Battle of Idistaviso | AD 16  | Roman–Germanic wars | 20,000+[193]
Battle of Watling Street | AD 61  | Iceni Revolt | 80,400[194]
Battle of Mons Graupius | AD 84  | Roman conquest of Britain | 10,360[195]
Battle of Adamclisi | AD 102  | Dacian Wars | 18,000+
Battle of Sarmizegetusa | AD 106  | Dacian Wars | 21,000+
Battle of Carnuntum | AD 170  | Marcomannic Wars | 20,000+
Battle of Issus (194) | 194  | Year of the Five Emperors | 20,000
Battle of Lugdunum | 197  | Year of the Five Emperors | 90,000
Battle of Guandu | 200  | Three Kingdoms | 78,000[196]
Battle of Red Cliffs | 208  | Three Kingdoms | 100,000[196]
Battle of Barbalissos | 252  | Perso-Roman wars of 337–361 | 60,000+[197]
Battle of Edessa | 260  | Perso-Roman wars of 337–361 | 65,000+[198]
Battle of Emesa | 272  | Crisis of the Third Century | 61,000+
Battle of Châlons (274) | 274  | Crisis of the Third Century | 56,000+
Battle of Adrianople | 378  | Gothic War | 40,000+[199]
Battle of the Fei River | 383  | Sixteen Kingdoms period | 700,000+[200]
Battle of the Catalaunian Plains | 451  | Hunnic Invasion | 165,000 (ancient source)[201]
Battle of Dara | 530  | Iberian War | 8,000+[202]
Battle of Callinicum | 531  | Iberian War | 28,000+
Battle of Taginae | 552  | Gothic War | 8,000+
Battle of the Volturnus | 554  | Gothic War | 18,000+
Battle of the Salsu | 612  | Goguryeo–Sui War | 302,300 (ancient source)[203]
Battle of Nineveh | 627  | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 | 9,000+
Battle of al-Qadisiyyah | 636  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 31,000[204]
Battle of Muzayyah | 633  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 10,000
Battle of Ullais | 633  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 35,000[205]
Battle of River | 633  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 15,000+[206]
Battle of Ajnadayn | 634  | Muslim conquest of the Levant | 55,000
Battle of Yarmouk | 636  | Muslim conquest of the Levant | 70,000[2]
Battle of Walaja | 636  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 22,000[207]
Battle of Nahavand | 642  | Muslim conquest of Persia | 28,500[208]
Battle of Guadalete | 711  | Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula | 20,000+
Battle of Marj Ardabil | 730  | Second Arab-Khazar War | 25,000+
Battle of Tours | 732  | Umayyad invasion of Gaul | 13,000[209]
Battle of Akroinon | 740  | Arab–Byzantine Wars | 13,200+
Battle of Talas | 751  | Muslim conquest of Transoxiana | 50,000+
Battle of Xiangji Temple | 757  | An Lushan Rebellion | 110,000+
Battle of Pliska | 811  | Byzantine–Bulgarian wars | 29,000
Battle of Ashdown | 871  | Viking activity in the British Isles | 9,000
Battle of Brenta | 899  | Hungarian invasions of Europe | 14,000+
Battle of Lechfeld | 955  | Hungarian invasions of Europe | 15,000
Battle of Arcadiopolis | 970  | Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria | 27,000
Battle of the Gates of Trajan | 986  | Byzantine–Bulgarian wars | 27,000
Battle of Kleidion | 1014  | Byzantine–Bulgarian wars | 45,000
Battle of Gwiju | 1019  | Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | 90,000+
Battle of Dandanaqan | 1040  | Seljuk-Ghaznavid Wars | 35,000+
Battle of Fulford | 1066  | Viking invasions of England | 5,000
Battle of Stamford Bridge | 1066  | Viking invasions of England | 13,000
Battle of Hastings | 1066  | Norman Conquest | 6,000[c][210]
Battle of Manzikert | 1071  | Byzantine-Seljuk Wars | 25,000
Battle of Langensalza (1075) | 1075  | Saxon Revolt of 1073-1075 | 8,600[c]
Battle of Nhu Nguyet river | 1077  | Lý–Song War | 150,000[211][212]
Battle of Dyrrhachium (1081) | 1081  | First Norman invasion of the Balkans | 5,000+
Battle of Civetot | 1096  | People's Crusade | 50,000+
Battle of Dorylaeum | 1097  | First Crusade | 7,000+
Battle of Ascalon | 1099  | First Crusade | 13,000+
Battle of Nakło (1109) | 1109  | ??? | 30,000+
Battle of Ager Sanguinis | 1119  | Crusades | 12,000
Battle of Azaz | 1125  | Crusades | 6,000+
Battle of Crug Mawr | 1135  | Norman invasion of Wales | 13,000
Battle of Legnano | 1177  | Guelphs and Ghibellines | 9,000+
Battle of Montgisard | 1177  | Ayyubid–Crusader War | 25,850[c]
Battle of Hattin | 1187  | Ayyubid–Crusader War | 17,000–20,000[213]
Battle of Philomelion (1190) | 1190  | Third Crusade | 5,100
Battle of Arsuf | 1191  | Third Crusade | 8,000+
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa | 1212  | Reconquista | 60,000[214]
Battle of Yehuling | 1212  | Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty | 150,000[c]
Battle of Muret | 1213  | Albigensian Crusade | 16,500[c]
Battle of Bouvines | 1214  | Anglo-French War | 9,000
Battle of Parwan | 1221  | Mongol invasion of Central Asia | 65,000+
Battle of the Kalka River | 1223  | Mongol invasion of Rus' | 50,000[c][215]
Battle of Sanfengshan | 1232  | Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty | 125,000
Battle of Legnica | 1241  | Mongol invasion of Poland | 30,000[216]
Battle of Mohi | 1241  | Mongol invasion of Europe | 15,000[217]
Battle of Mansurah | 1250  | Seventh Crusade | 21,000
Battle of Ain Jalut | 1260  | Mongol invasions of the Levant | 21,000
Battle of Kōan | 1281  | Mongol invasions of Japan | 150,000+
Third battle of Bach Dang river | 1288  | Mongol invasion of Vietnam | 85,000[218]
Battle of Jaran Manjur | 1298  | Mongol invasions of India | 20,000+
Battle of Yamen | 1279  | Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty | 100,000
Battle of Kili | 1299  | Mongol invasion of India | 130,000
Battle of Bapheus | 1302  | Byzantine–Ottoman wars | 3,000
Battle of Amroha | 1305  | Mongol invasion of India | 34,000
Battle of Bannockburn | 1314  | First War of Scottish Independence | 19,000[219]
Battle of Demotika | 1352  | Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357 | 8,000
Battle of Vijaya | 1377  | Champa–Đại Việt War (1367–1390) | 95,000
Battle of Kulikovo | 1380  | List of Mongol and Tatar raids against Rus' | 136,000
Battle of Roosebeke | 1382  | Hundred Years' War | 27,600
Battle of Maritsa | 1389  | Serbian-Ottoman wars | 57,000
Battle of Kosovo | 1389  | Serbian-Ottoman wars | 60,000
Battle of the Terek River | 1395  | Tokhtamysh–Timur war | 100,000[220]
Battle of Nicopolis | 1396  | Ottoman wars in Europe | 30,000
Conquest of Delhi | 1398  | Timur's Indian campaign | 100,000[221][222]
Battle of Ankara | 1402  | Ottoman–Timur War | 15,000+[223]
Battle of Grunwald | 1410  | Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War | 13,000[224]
Battle of Agincourt | 1415  | Hundred Years' War | 14,000[citation needed]
Battle of Tốt Động – Chúc Động | 1426  | Lam Sơn uprising | 30,000[225]
Battle of Hermannstadt | 1442  | Hungarian–Ottoman War (1437–1442) | 24,000
Battle of Zlatitsa | 1443  | Crusade of Varna | 22,000+
Battle of Varna | 1444  | Crusade of Varna | 60,000+
Battle of Kosovo (1448) | 1448  | Ottoman–Wallachian wars / Ottoman–Hungarian wars | 27,000
Tumu Crisis | 1449  | Ming–Mongol War | 200,000+[citation needed]
Battle of Castillon | 1453  | Hundred Years' War | 4,000[226]
Battle of Chojnice | 1454  | Thirteen Years' War | 9,000
Battle of Towton | 1461  | Wars of the Roses | 28,000[227]
Second Battle of St Albans | 1461  | Wars of the Roses | 2,000[228]
Night Attack at Târgoviște | 1462  | Wallachian-Ottoman Wars | 20,000[229]
Battle of Vaslui | 1475  | Moldavian-Ottoman Wars | 40,000+[citation needed]
Battle of Valea Albă | 1476  | Moldavian–Ottoman Wars | 30,000+[citation needed]
Battle of Breadfield | 1479  | Habsburg–Ottoman wars | 13,000+
Battle of Kabul | 1504  | Campaigns of Babur | 20,000+[230]
Battle of Ravenna | 1512  | War of the League of Cambrai | 13,500[231]
Battle of Flodden | 1513  | War of the League of Cambrai | 15,500
Battle of Chaldiran | 1514  | Ottoman–Persian Wars | 7,000
Battle of Orsha | 1514  | Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512-1522) | 21,000–45,000
Battle of Marignano | 1515  | War of the League of Cambrai | 11,000–15,000[232]
Battle of Ridaniya | 1517  | Ottoman wars in the Near East | 13,000[233]
La Noche Triste | 1520  | Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire | 4,800+
Battle of Pavia | 1525  | Italian War of 1521–1526 | 13,000
First Battle of Panipat | 1526  | Mughal Conquest | 20,000–50,000[234]
Battle of Mohács | 1526  | Ottoman–Hungarian wars | 30,000[c][235]
Battle of Sződfalva | 1527  | Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 | 21,000
Battle of Ghaghra | 1529  | Mughal Conquest | 13,000[236]
Battle of Gorjani | 1537  | Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) | 22,000
Battle of Mühlberg | 1547  | Schmalkaldic War | 9,500
Battle of Molodi | 1572  | Russo-Crimean Wars | 29,000–33,000 or 100,000[237]
Battle of Nagashino | 1575  | Sengoku period | 18,000[238]: 80–82
Battle of Alcácer Quibir | 1578  | Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | 19,000
Battle of Gembloux | 1578  | Eighty Years' War | 6,000
Battle of Chungju | 1592  | Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) | 8,000–16,000[239] 100,000[240][241]
Battle of Călugăreni | 1595  | Long War (Ottoman War) | 11,000–16,000[citation needed]
Battle of Keresztes | 1596  | Long Turkish War | 30,000
Battle of Sacheon | 1598  | Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) | 30,000[242]
Battle of Sekigahara | 1600  | Sengoku period | 30,000+[243]
Battle of Nieuwpoort | 1600  | Eighty Years' War | 6,700+
Battle of Kircholm | 1605  | Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611) | 8,400
Battle of Klushino | 1610  | Polish–Muscovite War | 5,400
Battle of Wisternitz | 1619  | Thirty Years' War | 6,700
Battle of White Mountain | 1620  | Thirty Years' War | 3,450
Battle of Shen-Liao | 1620  | Qing conquest of the Ming | 75,000
Battle of Rohilla | 1621  | Early Mughal-Sikh Wars | 14,000
Battle of Lutter | 1626  | Thirty Years' War | 9,700
Battle of Wolgast | 1628  | Thirty Years' War | 3,100
First Battle of Breitenfeld | 1631  | Thirty Years' War | 31,900
Battle of Lahira | 1631  | Early Mughal-Sikh Wars | 36,773[244]
Battle of Fürth | 1632  | Thirty Years' War | 5,000
Battle of Lützen | 1632  | Thirty Years' War | 11,160[245]
Battle of Amritsar | 1634  | Early Mughal-Sikh Wars | 7,000
Battle of Nördlingen | 1634  | Thirty Years' War | 17,000[246]
Battle of Kartarpur | 1635  | Early Mughal-Sikh Wars | 50,700-97,000[247][248]
Battle of the Downs | 1639  | Eighty Years' War | 15,000+[249]
Battle of Song-Jin | 1641  | Qing conquest of the Ming | 60,000[citation needed]
Second Battle of Breitenfeld | 1642  | Thirty Years' War | 14,000[250]
Battle of Rocroi | 1643  | Thirty Years' War | 19,000[251]
Battle of Freiburg | 1644  | Thirty Years' War | 12,000
Battle of Jankau | 1645  | Thirty Years' War | 15,500[252]
Battle of Lens | 1648  | Thirty Years' War | 9,500
Battle of Zusmarshausen | 1648  | Thirty Years' War | 5,000
Battle of Berestechko | 1651  | Khmelnytsky Uprising | 30,000–40,000[253]
Battle of the Dunes | 1658  | Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) | 9,600
Battle of Samugarh | 1658  | Mughal Conquest | 32,000[249]
Battle of Khajwa | 1659  | Mughal Conquest | 20,000[249]
Battle of Saint Gotthard | 1664  | Battle of Saint Gotthard | 12,000
Battle of Khotyn (1673) | 1673  | Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) | 32,000
Battle of Lund | 1676  | Scanian War | 14,000[254]
Battle of Vienna | 1683  | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 19,500[255]
Battle of Mohács (1687) | 1687  | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 12,500
Battle of Fleurus | 1690  | War of the Grand Alliance | 10,600−28,000[256][257]
Battle of Slankamen | 1691  | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 28,000
Battle of Landen | 1693  | War of the Grand Alliance | 28,000[10]
Battle of Zenta | 1697  | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 30,300[258]
Battle of Narva | 1700  | Great Northern War | 19,900[259][260]
Battle of Schellenberg | 1704  | War of the Spanish Succession | 11,000[10]
Battle of Blenheim | 1704  | War of the Spanish Succession | 32,000[10]
Battle of Chamkaur | 1705  | Mughal-Sikh Wars  | 112,500
Battle of Fraustadt | 1706  | Great Northern War | 16,500[261]
Battle of Ramillies | 1706  | War of the Spanish Succession | 15,600[262]
Battle of Almansa | 1707  | War of the Spanish Succession | 22,000
Battle of Lesnaya | 1708  | Great Northern War | 11,000[263][264]
Battle of Poltava | 1709  | Great Northern War | 14,300[265]
Battle of Malplaquet | 1709  | War of the Spanish Succession | 95,000[262]
Battle of Helsingborg | 1710  | Great Northern War | 10,700[266]
Battle of Villaviciosa | 1710  | War of the Spanish Succession | 12,000
Battle of Gulnabad | 1722  | Hotaki-Safavid War | 17,000
Battle of Hohenfriedberg | 1745  | War of the Austrian Succession | 18,530
Battle of Fontenoy | 1745  | War of the Austrian Succession | 14,000[267]
Battle of Lobositz | 1756  | Seven Years' War | 7,000+
Battle of Leuthen | 1757  | Seven Years' War | 11,800[268]
Battle of Prague | 1757  | Seven Years' War | 27,570+
Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf | 1757  | Seven Years' War | 10,000+
Battle of Rossbach | 1757  | Seven Years' War | 10,000[269]
Battle of Breslau (1757) | 1757  | Seven Years' War | 12,000
Battle of Zorndorf | 1758  | Seven Years' War | 30,000[citation needed]
Battle of Krefeld | 1758  | Seven Years' War | 5,200
Battle of Kunersdorf | 1759  | Seven Years' War | 35,000[270]
Battle of Minden | 1759  | Seven Years' War | 12,700
Battle of Torgau | 1760  | Seven Years' War | 32,560+
Third Battle of Panipat | 1761  | Marathas and Afghans | 129,000+[271][272]
Battle of Kup | 1762  | Afghan-Sikh Wars | 20,000[c][273]
Battle of Villinghausen | 1761  | Seven Years' War | 13,000+
Battle of Freiberg | 1762  | Seven Years' War | 10,500
Battle of Kagul | 1770  | Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) | 21,000[274]
Battle of Porto Novo | 1781  | Second Anglo-Mysore War | 9306
Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút | 1785  | Siamese-Vietnamese Wars | 50,000[275]
Battle of Rymnik | 1789  | Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) | 21,000[276]
Battle of Jemappes | 1792  | War of the Second Coalition | 3,500
Battle of Mardanpur | 1794  | Maratha and Patiala | 8,333-52,333[277]
Battle of Loano | 1795  | War of the First Coalition | 10,000
Battle of Arcole | 1796  | War of the First Coalition | 11,000[278]
Battle of Rivoli | 1797  | War of the First Coalition | 17,500
Battle of Trebbia | 1799  | War of the Second Coalition | 17,000–23,000[279]
Battle of Novi | 1799  | War of the Second Coalition | 19,500[280]
Battle of the Pyramids | 1798  | War of the Second Coalition | 10,000+
Battle of Stockach | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 9,800
Battle of Marengo | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 16,400[281]
Battle of Montebello | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 7,275
Battle of Pozzolo | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 13,000+
Battle of Höchstädt | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 7,000
Battle of Hohenlinden | 1800  | War of the Second Coalition | 16,000+
Ulm campaign | 1805  | War of the Third Coalition | 62,000[281]
Battle of Dürenstein | 1805  | War of the Third Coalition | 10,000
Battle of Austerlitz | 1805  | War of the Third Coalition | 45,300[282]
Battle of Schöngrabern | 1805  | War of the Third Coalition | 5,000
Battle of Jena–Auerstedt | 1806  | War of the Fourth Coalition | 52,000, including prisoners later killed[283]
Battle of Lübeck | 1806  | War of the Fourth Coalition | 18,800
Battle of Eylau | 1807  | War of the Fourth Coalition | 40,000[283]
Battle of Friedland | 1807  | War of the Fourth Coalition | 28,000–50,000[284]
Battle of Bailen | 1808  | Peninsular war | 21,000
Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros | 1808  | Peninsular war | 6,600
Battle of Gamonal | 1808  | Peninsular war | 3,600
Battle of Aspern-Essling | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 42,900[285]
Battle of Landshut | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 9,000
Battle of Eckmühl | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 13,700
Battle of Abensberg | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 8,200
Battle of Ebelsberg | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 15,340
Battle of Piave River | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 7,000
Battle of Wagram | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 77,000[283]–79,000[286]
Battle of Znaim | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 9,000
Battle of Raab | 1809  | War of the Fifth Coalition | 14,300
Battle of Talavera | 1809  | Peninsular War | 13,900[287]
Battle of Somosierra | 1808  | Peninsular War | 2,500
Battle of Bussaco | 1810  | Peninsular War | 5,900
Battle of Slobozia | 1811  | Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) | 20,000[288]
Battle of Salamanca | 1812  | Peninsular War | 18,800[289]
Battle of Smolensk | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 24,000[290]
Battle of Shevardino | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 10,000
Battle of Borodino | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 74,000[291]
Second Battle of Polotsk | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 22,000
Battle of Maloyaroslavets | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 16,000
Battle of Vyazma | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 9,500
Battle of Wolkowisk | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 6,000
Battle of Krasnoi | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 28,000
Battle of Berezina | 1812  | French invasion of Russia | 60,000[291]
Battle of Vitoria | 1813  | Peninsular War | 13,000[289]
Battle of Lützen | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 31,155–52,000[292][293]
Battle of Bautzen | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 45,000
Battle of Hanau | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 15,000
Battle of Dresden | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 48,000[282]
Battle of Wartenburg | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 4,000
Battle of Großbeeren | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 5,000
Battle of Dennewitz | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 33,000[294]
Battle of Leipzig | 1813  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 124,000[67]
Battle of Orthez | 1814  | Peninsular War | 5,100
Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube | 1814  | War of the Sixth Coalition | 8,000
Battle of Wavre | 1815  | Hundred Days | 5,000
Battle of Quatre Bras | 1815  | Hundred Days | 10,000
Battle of Ligny | 1815  | Hundred Days | 28,000[295]
Battle of Waterloo | 1815  | Hundred Days | 47,000+ (not including prisoners and missing)[296][297]
Battle of Tolentino | 1815  | Neapolitan War | 5,000
Battle of Ayacucho | 1824  | Peruvian War of Independence | 3,400+
Battle of Jamrud | 1837  | Afghan-Sikh Wars | 11,000+
Battle of Inkerman | 1854  | Crimean War | 15,857[298]
Battle of Choloki | 1854  | Crimean War | 5,500
Battle of Kurekdere | 1854  | Crimean War | 3,409
Battle of Alma | 1854  | Crimean War | 9,100+
Battle of Magenta | 1859  | Second Italian War of Independence | 14,900+
Battle of Solferino | 1859  | Second Italian War of Independence | 39,500+
Battle of Jiangnan | 1860  | Taiping Rebellion | 140,000+
First Battle of Bull Run | 1861  | American Civil War | 4,690
Battle of Shiloh | 1862  | American Civil War | 24,000[299]
Battle of Antietam | 1862  | American Civil War | 23,000[70]–26,193[300]
Battle of Fredericksburg | 1862  | American Civil War | 17,300[70]–17,962[301]
Battle of Richmond | 1862  | American Civil War | 5,900+
Battle of Gaines' Mill | 1863  | American Civil War | 15,000+
Battle of Gettysburg | 1863  | American Civil War | 51,000[302][303]
Battle of Salem Church | 1863  | American Civil War | 9,500+
Battle of Chickamauga | 1863  | American Civil War | 34,624[304]
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House | 1864  | American Civil War | 30,000[305]
Battle of Stones River | 1862–1863  | American Civil War | 24,000[306]
Battle of the Wilderness | 1864  | American Civil War | 28,700
Battle of Cold Harbor | 1864  | American Civil War | 18,000
Battle of Changzhou | 1864  | Taiping Rebellion | 35,000
Battle of Hubei | 1864  | Taiping Rebellion | 60,000+
Battle of Königgrätz | 1866  | Austro-Prussian War | 47,500[307]
Battle of Münchengrätz | 1866  | Austro-Prussian War | 3,000
Battle of Tuyutí | 1866  | Paraguayan War | 7,000–16,000[308]
Battle of Curupayty | 1866  | Paraguayan War | 4,300
Battle of Ytororó | 1868  | Paraguayan War | 3,300+
Battle of Acosta Ñu | 1869  | Paraguayan War | 5,102[citation needed]
Battle of Piribebuy | 1869  | Paraguayan War | 2,210
Battle of Mars-la-Tour/Battle of Gravelotte | 1870  | Franco-Prussian War | 34,000[307]
Battle of Sedan | 1870  | Franco-Prussian War | 26,000[309]
Second Battle of Orleans | 1870  | Franco-Prussian War | 8,740
Battle of Le Mans | 1871  | Franco-Prussian War | 30,000
Battle of Tabaruzaka | 1877  | Satsuma Rebellion | 8,400
Battle of Isandlwana | 1879  | Anglo-Zulu War | 6,300
Battle of Kambula | 1879  | Anglo-Zulu War | 2,134
Battle of Arica | 1880  | War of the Pacific | 3,600+
Battle of Adwa | 1896  | First Italo-Ethiopian War | 17,300[310]
Battle of Binakayan-Dalahican | 1896  | Philippine Revolutionary War | 2,000–15,000[311]
Battle of Omdurman | 1898  | Mahdist War | 20,430[312]
Battle of Sakarya | 1921  | Greco–Turkish War of 1919–22 | 61,000[313][314]

1. ^ including approximately 35,000 civilian casualties due to bombing
2. ^ including approximately 35,000 civilian casualties due to bombing
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Estimated casualty figure

## Raids and sacks

[edit]

Action  | Year  | Conflict  | Casualties

|
|
|

Sack of Rome (455) | 455 | fall of the Western Roman Empire | 400,000\+
Sack of Thessalonica (1185) | 1185 | third Norman invasion of the Balkans | 10,000\+
Sack of Berwick (1296) | 1296 | First War of Scottish Independence | 17,000
Sack of Rome (1527) | 1527 | War of the League of Cognac | 48,000
Raid on the Bay of Naples (1544) | 1544 | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 50,000
Fire of Moscow (1571) | 1571 | Russo-Turkish wars | 60,000
Sack of Magdeburg | 1631 | Thirty Years' War | 26,900
Raid on the Medway | 1667 | Second Anglo-Dutch War | 650
Sand Creek massacre | 1864 | American Indian Wars | 600
Dieppe Raid | 1942 | World War II | 6,860

## Naval battles

[edit]

Further information: Largest naval battle in history

Battle or Action  | Year  | Conflict  | Casualties

|
|
|

Battle of the Delta | 1179 BC  | Late Bronze Age collapse | 5000-10,000
Battle of Salamis | 480 BC  | Second Persian invasion of Greece | 50,000
Battle of Cape Ecnomus | 256 BC  | First Punic War | 50,000
Battle of Actium | 31 AC  | War of Actium | 7,500
Battle of the Masts | 655  | Arab–Byzantine wars | 20,000
Battle of Dan-no-ura | 1185  | Genpei War | 20,000
Battle of Yamen | 1279  | Song-Yuan Wars | 110,000
Third battle of Bach Dang river | 1288  | Mongol invasion of Vietnam | 85,000
Battle of Chaul | 1508  | Mamluk–Portuguese conflicts | 840
Battle of Lepanto | 1571  | Ottoman–Habsburg wars | 40,000
Battle of São Vicente | 1583  | Eighty Years' War | 166
Battle of Solebay | 1672  | Third Anglo-Dutch War | 3,100
Battles of Barfleur and La Hougue | 1692  | Nine Years' War | 10,000
Battle of Pondicherry | 1759  | Seven Years' War | 1,589
Battle of Chesma | 1770  | Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) | 12,000
Battle of Dogger Bank | 1781  | Fourth Anglo-Dutch War | 988
Battle of Vyborg Bay | 1790  | Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) | 6,000–12,000
Battle of the Nile | 1798  | French campaign in Egypt and Syria | 8,997
Battle of Copenhagen | 1801  | War of the Second Coalition | 2,800
Battle of Trafalgar | 1805  | War of the Third Coalition | 4,853
Battle of Navarino | 1827  | Greek War of Independence | 6,000
Battle of Sinop | 1853  | Crimean War | 3,366
Battle of Hampton Roads | 1862  | American Civil War | 392
Battle of Riachuelo | 1865  | Paraguayan War | 997
Battle of the Yalu River | 1894  | First Sino-Japanese War | 1,730
Battle of the Yellow Sea | 1904  | Russo-Japanese War | 566
Battle of Tsushima | 1905  | Russo-Japanese War | 5,162
Battle of Lemnos | 1913  | First Balkan War | 146
Battle of Coronel | 1914  | World War I | 1,660
Battle of the Falkland Islands | 1914  | World War I | 1,900
Battle of Dogger Bank | 1915  | World War I | 1,081
Battle of Jutland | 1916  | World War I | 12,000
Battle of Cape Machichaco | 1937  | Spanish Civil War | 35
Battle of Cape Palos | 1938  | Spanish Civil War | 765
Battle of the River Plate | 1939  | World War II | 196
Attack on Mers-el-Kébir | 1940  | World War II | 1,669
Operation Juno | 1940  | World War II | 1,662
Last battle of Bismarck | 1941  | World War II | 2,249
Battle of Cape Matapan | 1941  | World War II | 2,303
Battle of Cape Bon | 1941  | World War II | 817
Battle of the Java Sea | 1942  | World War II | 2,336
Battle of Midway | 1942  | World War II | 3,364
Battle of Santa Cruz Islands | 1942  | World War II | 766
Battle of Savo Island | 1942  | World War II | 1217
Naval Battle of Casablanca | 1942  | World War II | 636
Battle of the Bismarck Sea | 1943  | World War II | 2,903
Battle of Leyte Gulf | 1944  | World War II | 15,500
Battle of San Carlos | 1982  | Falklands War | 65

## See also

[edit]

* Lists of death tolls
* Casualties of the Iraq War
* Deadliest single days of World War I
* List of wars by death toll
* United States military casualties of war – Military personnel casualties of the United States
* List of terrorist incidents
* List of wars – Overview of and topical guide to warPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* Lists of battles
* List of invasions – List of military invasions

## Notes

[edit]

## References

[edit]

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73. ^ Hall, p. 31
74. ^ Hall, p. 36
75. ^ Brewer, p. 99
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88. ^ Tucker, 810
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90. ^ Brewer, p. 150
91. ^ Grant, p. 280
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93. ^ Brewer, p. 152
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[edit]

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