List of birds of Australia

The list scope includes outlying islands:
1\. Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2\. Christmas Island
3\. Ashmore Reef
4\. Torres Strait Islands
5\. Lord Howe Island
6\. Norfolk Island
7\. Macquarie Island
8\. Heard Island and McDonald Islands Part of a series on

Wildlife of Australia

Biodiversity

Flora, Fauna, and Fungi

* Grasses
* Trees
* Wildflowers
* Molluscs
* Ants
* Odonates
* Butterflies
* Cicadas
* Moths
* Spiders
* Fish
* Amphibians
* Reptiles
* Birds
* Mammals
* Endangered species
* flora
* fauna
* Threatened fauna

Conservation

Protected areas

* National parks
* Game reserves
* Wildlife sanctuaries
* Ramsar wetland sites

Organisations

National

International

* AZA
* CITES
* IUCN
* WAZA
* WAP
* WWF

Associated acts

* Environment Protection and
Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Related topics

* Conservation
* Bush regeneration
* Ecoregions
* Forestry
* Fishing
* Agriculture
* Tourism
* Botanical and Zoological gardens
* Environmental issues

* v
* t
* e

This is a list of the wild birds found in Australia including its outlying islands and territories, but excluding the Australian Antarctic Territory. The outlying islands covered include: Christmas, Cocos (Keeling), Ashmore, Torres Strait, Coral Sea, Lord Howe, Norfolk, Macquarie and Heard/McDonald. The list includes introduced species, common vagrants and recently extinct species. It excludes species only present in captivity. 980 extant and extinct species are listed.

There have been three comprehensive accounts: the first was John Gould's 1840s seven-volume series The Birds of Australia, the second Gregory Mathews, and the third was the Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds (1990-2006).

The taxonomy originally followed is from Christidis and Boles, 2008.[1] Their system has been developed over nearly two decades[2] and has strong local support,[3] but deviates in important ways from more generally accepted schemes. Supplemental updates follow The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2022 edition.

[4][5] This list uses British English throughout. Bird names and other wording follows that convention.

## Ostriches

[edit]

Order: Struthioniformes Family: Struthionidae

Southern cassowary

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
This order is not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species have become established in South Australia and possibly on the New South Wales/Victoria border.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Common ostrich | Struthio camelus | introduced

## Cassowaries and emu

[edit]

Order: Casuariiformes Family: Casuariidae

Emu

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
This family of flightless ratite birds is represented by two living species in Australia. Another two species are found in New Guinea. The extinct, geographically isolated King and Kangaroo Island emus were historically considered to be separate species to mainland emus. However, genetic evidence from 2011 suggests that all three are conspecific.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Southern cassowary | Casuarius casuarius |
Emu | Dromaius novaehollandiae |

## Magpie goose

[edit]

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anseranatidae

Magpie goose at Fogg Dam in the Northern Territory

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The family contains a single species, the magpie goose. It was an early and distinctive offshoot of the anseriform family tree, diverging after the screamers and before all other ducks, geese and swans, sometime in the late Cretaceous. The single species is found across Australia.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Magpie goose | Anseranas semipalmata |

## Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

[edit]

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae

Plumed whistling ducks Musk duck Black swan Pink-eared duck Pacific black duck

32 species recorded [20 extant native, 4 introduced, 7 vagrant, 1 hybrid]
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. In Australia, 30 species have been recorded, of which three have been introduced, and seven are vagrants.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spotted whistling-duck | Dendrocygna guttata |
Plumed whistling-duck | Dendrocygna eytoni |
Wandering whistling-duck | Dendrocygna arcuata |
Canada goose | Branta canadensis | vagrant, presumably from introduced NZ population
Domestic greylag goose | Anser anser | introduced
Cape Barren goose | Cereopsis novaehollandiae |
Freckled duck | Stictonetta naevosa |
Mute swan | Cygnus olor | introduced
Black swan | Cygnus atratus |
Radjah shelduck | Radjah radjah |
Australian shelduck | Tadorna tadornoides |
Paradise shelduck | Tadorna variegata | vagrant, Lord Howe Island & NSW
Green pygmy-goose | Nettapus pulchellus |
Cotton pygmy-goose | Nettapus coromandelianus |
Australian wood duck | Chenonetta jubata |
Garganey | Spatula querquedula |
Australian shoveler | Spatula rhynchotis |
Northern shoveler | Spatula clypeata | vagrant
Eurasian wigeon | Mareca penelope | vagrant
Pacific black duck | Anas superciliosa |
Domestic mallard | Anas platyrhynchos domesticus | introduced
Pacific black duck × mallard hybrid | Anas superciliosa × platyrhynchos | native × introduced hybrid
Domestic muscovy duck | Cairina moschata domesticus | introduced
Northern pintail | Anas acuta | vagrant
Green-winged teal | Anas crecca | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Island
Grey teal | Anas gracilis |
Chestnut teal | Anas castanea |
Pink-eared duck | Malacorhynchus membranaceus |
Hardhead | Aythya australis |
Tufted duck | Aythya fuligula | vagrant
Blue-billed duck | Oxyura australis |
Musk duck | Biziura lobata |

## Megapodes

[edit]

Order: Galliformes Family: Megapodiidae

Australian brushturkey Malleefowl

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Megapodiidae are represented by various species in the Australasian region, although only three species are found in Australia. They are commonly referred to as "mound-builders" due to their habit of constructing large mounds to incubate their eggs.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian brushturkey | Alectura lathami |
Malleefowl | Leipoa ocellata |
Orange-footed scrubfowl | Megapodius reinwardt |

## Guineafowl

[edit]

Order: Galliformes Family: Numididae

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
Numididae are not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species exist in Queensland.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Helmeted guineafowl | Numida meleagris | introduced

## New World quail

[edit]

Order: Galliformes Family: Odontophoridae

1 species recorded [1 introduced]
Odontophoridae are not native to Australia, but feral populations of one species survive in external territories and possibly the mainland.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

California quail | Callipepla californica | introduced, Norfolk & King Island

## Pheasants, grouse, and allies

[edit]

Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae

Brown quail King quail

8 species recorded [3 extant native, 5 introduced]
Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. Three species are native to Australia, and five commonly domesticated species are feral, with most established populations persisting on offshore islands.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Indian peafowl | Pavo cristatus | introduced, King, Rottnest & Furneaux Islands
Brown quail | Synoicus ypsilophorus |
Blue-breasted quail | Excalfactoria chinensis |
Stubble quail | Coturnix pectoralis |
Red junglefowl | Gallus gallus | introduced, Norfolk & Christmas Island
Green junglefowl | Gallus varius | introduced, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Ring-necked pheasant | Phasianus colchicus | introduced, King, Flinders & Rottnest Island
Wild turkey | Meleagris gallopavo | introduced, King, Flinders & Kangaroo Island

## Flamingos

[edit]

Order: Phoenicopteriformes Family: Phoenicopteridae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
Australia has only a single record of any flamingo species, from the North Keeling Island. Several prehistoric species are also known to have existed.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Greater flamingo | Phoenicopterus roseus | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands

## Grebes

[edit]

Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae

Australasian grebe

4 species recorded [3 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. Three species have been regularly recorded in Australia, and a fourth is a vagrant.

Australasian grebe Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Little grebe | Tachybaptus ruficollis | vagrant
Australasian grebe | Tachybaptus novaehollandiae |
Hoary-headed grebe | Poliocephalus poliocephalus |
Great crested grebe | Podiceps cristatus |

## Pigeons and doves

[edit]

Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae

Crested pigeon and spinifex pigeon Bar-shouldered dove in Darwin, Northern Territory

40 species recorded [26 extant native, 4 introduced, 7 vagrant, 2 extirpated native, 1 extinct native]
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. In Australian territory 41 species have been recorded, four of which have been introduced, and another six are vagrants. One has become extinct since European colonisation.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Rock pigeon | Columba livia | introduced
Metallic pigeon | Columba vitiensis | extirpated, Lord Howe Island
White-headed pigeon | Columba leucomela |
Oriental turtle-dove | Streptopelia orientalis | vagrant
Barbary dove | Streptopelia risoria | introduced
Red collared-dove | Streptopelia tranquebarica | vagrant, Christmas Island
Spotted dove | Spilopelia chinensis | introduced
Laughing dove | Spilopelia senegalensis | introduced
Brown cuckoo-dove | Macropygia phasianella |
Asian emerald dove | Chalcophaps indica | Christmas Island
Pacific emerald dove | Chalcophaps longirostris |
Stephan's dove | Chalcophaps stephani | vagrant
Norfolk ground dove | Alopecoenas norfolciensis | extinct, Norfolk Island
Common bronzewing | Phaps chalcoptera |
Brush bronzewing | Phaps elegans |
Flock bronzewing | Phaps histrionica |
Crested pigeon | Ocyphaps lophotes |
Spinifex pigeon | Geophaps plumifera |
Squatter pigeon | Geophaps scripta |
Partridge pigeon | Geophaps smithii |
Chestnut-quilled rock-pigeon | Petrophassa rufipennis |
White-quilled rock-pigeon | Petrophassa albipennis |
Wonga pigeon | Leucosarcia melanoleuca |
Diamond dove | Geopelia cuneata |
Peaceful dove | Geopelia placida |
Bar-shouldered dove | Geopelia humeralis |
Nicobar pigeon | Caloenas nicobarica | vagrant
Black-banded fruit-dove | Ptilinopus alligator |
Wompoo fruit-dove | Ptilinopus magnificus |
Orange-fronted fruit-dove | Ptilinopus aurantiifrons | vagrant
Superb fruit-dove | Ptilinopus superbus |
Rose-crowned fruit-dove | Ptilinopus regina |
Orange-bellied fruit-dove | Ptilinopus iozonus | vagrant, Torres Strait
Elegant imperial-pigeon | Ducula concinna | vagrant
Island imperial-pigeon | Ducula pistrinaria |
Christmas Island imperial-pigeon | Ducula whartoni | Christmas Island
Collared imperial-pigeon | Ducula mullerii |
Torresian imperial-pigeon | Ducula spilorrhoa |
Topknot pigeon | Lopholaimus antarcticus |
New Zealand pigeon | Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae | extirpated, Norfolk Island

## Bustards

[edit]

Order: Otidiformes Family: Otididae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian bustard | Ardeotis australis |

## Cuckoos

[edit]

Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae

Channel-billed cuckoo

21 species recorded [14 extant native, 7 vagrant]
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Lesser coucal | Centropus bengalensis | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Pheasant coucal | Centropus phasianinus |
Chestnut-winged cuckoo | Clamator coromandus | vagrant
Asian koel | Eudynamys scolopaceus | vagrant, Christmas, Barrow Island, WA & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Pacific koel | Eudynamys orientalis |
Long-tailed koel | Urodynamis taitensis | vagrant, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
Channel-billed cuckoo | Scythrops novaehollandiae |
Long-billed cuckoo | Chrysococcyx megarhynchus |
Horsfield's bronze-cuckoo | Chrysococcyx basalis |
Black-eared cuckoo | Chrysococcyx osculans |
Shining bronze-cuckoo | Chrysococcyx lucidus |
Little bronze-cuckoo | Chrysococcyx minutillus |
Pallid cuckoo | Cacomantis pallidus |
Chestnut-breasted cuckoo | Cacomantis castaneiventris |
Fan-tailed cuckoo | Cacomantis flabelliformis |
Brush cuckoo | Cacomantis variolosus |
Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo | Surniculus lugubris | vagrant
Large hawk-cuckoo | Hierococcyx sparverioides | vagrant, Christmas Island
Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo | Hierococcyx nisicolor | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Indian cuckoo | Cuculus micropterus | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Oriental cuckoo | Cuculus optatus |

## Frogmouths

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Podargidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The frogmouths are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from India across southern Asia to Australia. Three species are found in Australia.

Tawny frogmouth Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Tawny frogmouth | Podargus strigoides |
Marbled frogmouth | Podargus ocellatus |
Papuan frogmouth | Podargus papuensis |

## Nightjars and allies

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae

5 species recorded [3 extant native, 2 vagrant]
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spotted nightjar | Eurostopodus argus |
White-throated nightjar | Eurostopodus mystacalis |
Grey nightjar | Caprimulgus jotaka | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Large-tailed nightjar | Caprimulgus macrurus |
Savanna nightjar | Caprimulgus affinis | vagrant, Christmas Island

## Owlet-nightjars

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Aegothelidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia. One species is found in Australia.

Australian owlet-nightjar Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian owlet-nightjar | Aegotheles cristatus |

## Swifts

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Apodidae

11 species recorded [4 extant native, 7 vagrant]
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. Nine species recorded in Australian territory, five of which are vagrants.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Papuan spine-tailed swift | Mearnsia novaeguineae | vagrant, Torres Strait
White-throated needletail | Hirundapus caudacutus |
Christmas Island swiftlet | Collocalia natalis | Christmas Island
Glossy swiftlet | Collocalia esculenta | vagrant
Australian swiftlet | Aerodramus terraereginae |
Uniform swiftlet | Aerodramus vanikorensis | vagrant
Mossy-nest swiftlet | Aerodramus salangana | vagrant
White-nest swiftlet | Aerodramus fuciphagus | vagrant[6]
Pacific swift | Apus pacificus |
Common swift | Apus apus | vagrant
House swift | Apus affinis | vagrant

## Rails, gallinules, and coots

[edit]

Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae

Australasian swamphen Australian spotted crake

24 species recorded [15 extant native, 7 vagrant, 1 extirpated, 1 extinct native]
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Corn crake | Crex crex | vagrant
Lewin's rail | Lewinia pectoralis |
Chestnut rail | Gallirallus castaneoventris |
Weka | Gallirallus australis | extirpated introduced population on Macquarie Island
Lord Howe woodhen | Gallirallus sylvestris | Lord Howe Island
Buff-banded rail | Gallirallus philippensis |
Black-tailed nativehen | Tribonyx ventralis |
Tasmanian nativehen | Tribonyx mortierii |
Spotted crake | Porzana porzana | vagrant
Australian crake | Porzana fluminea |
Eurasian moorhen | Gallinula chloropus | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dusky moorhen | Gallinula tenebrosa |
Eurasian coot | Fulica atra |
Australasian swamphen | Porphyrio melanotus |
Lord Howe swamphen | Porphyrio albus | extinct, Lord Howe Island
Watercock | Gallicrex cinerea | vagrant, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
White-breasted waterhen | Amaurornis phoenicurus | vagrant, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Pale-vented bush-hen | Amaurornis moluccana |
White-browed crake | Poliolimnas cinereus |
Red-necked crake | Rallina tricolor |
Red-legged crake | Rallina fasciata | vagrant
Ruddy-breasted crake | Zapornia fusca | vagrant, Christmas Island
Baillon's crake | Zapornia pusilla |
Spotless crake | Zapornia tabuensis |

## Cranes

[edit]

Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Sarus crane | Antigone antigone |
Brolga | Antigone rubicunda |

## Sheathbills

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Chionidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The sheathbills are scavengers of the Antarctic regions. They have white plumage and look plump and dove-like but are believed to be similar to the ancestors of the modern gulls and terns.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Black-faced sheathbill | Chionis minor | Heard Island; mainland vagrant

## Thick-knees

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Burhinidae

Bush stone-curlew

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Bush thick-knee | Burhinus grallarius |
Beach thick-knee | Esacus magnirostris |

## Stilts and avocets

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae

Red-necked avocet

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin straight bills.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Pied stilt | Himantopus leucocephalus |
Banded stilt | Cladorhynchus leucocephalus |
Red-necked avocet | Recurvirostra novaehollandiae |

## Oystercatchers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Pied oystercatcher | Haematopus longirostris |
South Island oystercatcher | Haematopus finschi | vagrant
Sooty oystercatcher | Haematopus fuliginosus |

## Plovers and lapwings

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae

Masked lapwing Double-banded plover non-breeding plumage

21 species recorded [15 extant native, 6 vagrant]
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Black-bellied plover | Pluvialis squatarola |
European golden-plover | Pluvialis apricaria |
American golden-plover | Pluvialis dominica | vagrant
Pacific golden-plover | Pluvialis fulva |
Grey-headed lapwing | Vanellus cinereus | vagrant
Banded lapwing | Vanellus tricolor |
Masked lapwing | Vanellus miles |
Lesser sand-plover | Charadrius mongolus |
Greater sand-plover | Charadrius leschenaultii |
Caspian plover | Charadrius asiaticus | vagrant
Double-banded plover | Charadrius bicinctus |
Red-capped plover | Charadrius ruficapillus |
Kentish plover | Charadrius alexandrinus | vagrant
Common ringed plover | Charadrius hiaticula | vagrant
Semipalmated plover | Charadrius semipalmatus | vagrant
Little ringed plover | Charadrius dubius |
Oriental plover | Charadrius veredus |
Red-kneed dotterel | Erythrogonys cinctus |
Hooded plover | Thinornis cucullatus |
Black-fronted dotterel | Elseyornis melanops |
Inland dotterel | Peltohyas australis |

## Plains-wanderer

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Pedionomidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The plains-wanderer is a quail-like ground bird. They are excellent camouflagers, and will first hide at any disturbance. If they're approached too close, they will run as opposed to flying, which they are very poor at.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Plains-wanderer | Pedionomus torquatus |

## Painted-snipe

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae

Australian painted-snipe

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Painted-snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian painted-snipe | Rostratula australis |

## Jacanas

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The jacanas are a group of waders found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Comb-crested jacana | Irediparra gallinacea |
Pheasant-tailed jacana | Hydrophasianus chirurgus | vagrant

## Sandpipers and allies

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae

47 species recorded [29 extant native, 18 vagrant]
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Sanderling Red knot Sharp-tailed sandpiper Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Upland sandpiper | Bartramia longicauda | vagrant
Whimbrel | Numenius phaeopus |
Little curlew | Numenius minutus |
Far Eastern curlew | Numenius madagascariensis |
Eurasian curlew | Numenius arquata | vagrant
Bar-tailed godwit | Limosa lapponica |
Black-tailed godwit | Limosa limosa |
Hudsonian godwit | Limosa haemastica | vagrant
Ruddy turnstone | Arenaria interpres |
Great knot | Calidris tenuirostris |
Red knot | Calidris canutus |
Ruff | Calidris pugnax |
Broad-billed sandpiper | Calidris falcinellus |
Sharp-tailed sandpiper | Calidris acuminata |
Stilt sandpiper | Calidris himantopus | vagrant
Curlew sandpiper | Calidris ferruginea |
Temminck's stint | Calidris temminckii | vagrant
Long-toed stint | Calidris subminuta |
Red-necked stint | Calidris ruficollis |
Sanderling | Calidris alba |
Dunlin | Calidris alpina | vagrant
Baird's sandpiper | Calidris bairdii | vagrant
Little stint | Calidris minuta | vagrant
White-rumped sandpiper | Calidris fuscicollis | vagrant
Buff-breasted sandpiper | Calidris subruficollis | vagrant
Pectoral sandpiper | Calidris melanotos |
Asian dowitcher | Limnodromus semipalmatus |
Short-billed dowitcher | Limnodromus griseus | vagrant
Long-billed dowitcher | Limnodromus scolopaceus | vagrant
Latham's snipe | Gallinago hardwickii |
Pin-tailed snipe | Gallinago stenura |
Swinhoe's snipe | Gallinago megala |
Terek sandpiper | Xenus cinereus |
Wilson's phalarope | Phalaropus tricolor | vagrant
Red-necked phalarope | Phalaropus lobatus |
Red phalarope | Phalaropus fulicarius | vagrant
Common sandpiper | Actitis hypoleucos |
Green sandpiper | Tringa ochropus | vagrant
Grey-tailed tattler | Tringa brevipes |
Wandering tattler | Tringa incana |
Spotted redshank | Tringa erythropus | vagrant
Common greenshank | Tringa nebularia |
Nordmann's greenshank | Tringa guttifer | vagrant
Lesser yellowlegs | Tringa flavipes | vagrant
Marsh sandpiper | Tringa stagnatilis |
Wood sandpiper | Tringa glareola |
Common redshank | Tringa totanus |

## Buttonquail

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Turnicidae

Black-breasted buttonquail

7 species recorded [7 extant native]
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Red-backed buttonquail | Turnix maculosus |
Black-breasted buttonquail | Turnix melanogaster |
Chestnut-backed buttonquail | Turnix castanotus |
Buff-breasted buttonquail | Turnix olivii |
Painted buttonquail | Turnix varius |
Red-chested buttonquail | Turnix pyrrhothorax |
Little buttonquail | Turnix velox |

## Pratincoles and coursers

[edit]

Australian pratincole at Fogg Dam in the Northern Territory

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings, and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings, and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian pratincole | Stiltia isabella |
Collared pratincole | Glareola pratincola | vagrant
Oriental pratincole | Glareola maldivarum |

## Skuas and jaegers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Stercorariidae

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

South polar skua | Stercorarius maccormicki | vagrant
Brown skua | Stercorarius antarcticus |
Pomarine jaeger | Stercorarius pomarinus |
Parasitic jaeger | Stercorarius parasiticus |
Long-tailed jaeger | Stercorarius longicauda | vagrant

## Gulls, terns, and skimmers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae

Little tern with crested terns Pacific gull

38 species recorded [25 extant native, 13 vagrant]
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Sabine's gull | Xema sabini | vagrant
Silver gull | Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae |
Black-headed gull | Chroicocephalus ridibundus | vagrant
Laughing gull | Leucophaeus atricilla | vagrant
Franklin's gull | Leucophaeus pipixcan | vagrant
Black-tailed gull | Larus crassirostris | vagrant
Pacific gull | Larus pacificus |
Mew gull | Larus canus | vagrant, Christmas Island
Lesser black-backed gull | Larus fuscus | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & possibly mainland
Slaty-backed gull | Larus schistisagus | vagrant
Kelp gull | Larus dominicanus |
Brown noddy | Anous stolidus |
Black noddy | Anous minutus |
Lesser noddy | Anous tenuirostris |
Grey noddy | Anous albivitta |
Blue-grey noddy | Anous ceruleus |
White tern | Gygis alba | Lord Howe, Norfolk & Cocos (Keeling) Islands; mainland vagrant
Sooty tern | Onychoprion fuscata |
Grey-backed tern | Onychoprion lunatus | vagrant
Bridled tern | Onychoprion anaethetus |
Aleutian tern | Onychoprion aleuticus | vagrant
Little tern | Sternula albifrons |
Australian fairy tern | Sternula nereis |
Saunders's tern | Sternula saundersi | Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Gull-billed tern | Gelochelidon nilotica |
Caspian tern | Hydroprogne caspia |
Black tern | Chlidonias niger | vagrant
White-winged tern | Chlidonias leucopterus |
Whiskered tern | Chlidonias hybrida |
Black-fronted tern | Chlidonias albostriatus | vagrant
Roseate tern | Sterna dougallii |
White-fronted tern | Sterna striata |
Black-naped tern | Sterna sumatrana |
Common tern | Sterna hirundo |
Arctic tern | Sterna paradisaea | vagrant
Antarctic tern | Sterna vittata | Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Greater crested tern | Thalasseus bergii |
Lesser crested tern | Thalasseus bengalensis |

## Tropicbirds

[edit]

Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae

Red-tailed tropicbird

3 species recorded [2 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. Three species have been recorded from Australian waters.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

White-tailed tropicbird | Phaethon lepturus |
Red-billed tropicbird | Phaethon aethereus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Lord Howe Island
Red-tailed tropicbird | Phaethon rubricauda |

## Penguins

[edit]

Order: Sphenisciformes Family: Spheniscidae

A wild Australian little penguin returning to its burrow to feed its chicks on Bruny Island

14 species recorded [7 extant native, 7 vagrant]
Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in Antarctica. Only one species, the Australian little penguin, breeds on the Australian coast.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

King penguin | Aptenodytes patagonicus | Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Emperor penguin | Aptenodytes forsteri | vagrant, Macquarie & Heard Island
Adélie penguin | Pygoscelis adeliae | vagrant, TAS, Macquarie & Heard Island
Gentoo penguin | Pygoscelis papua | Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Chinstrap penguin | Pygoscelis antarcticus | vagrant, VIC, TAS, Macquarie & Heard Island
Australian little penguin | Eudyptula novaehollandiae |
Magellanic penguin | Spheniscus magellanicus | vagrant
Fiordland penguin | Eudyptes pachyrhynchus |
Erect-crested penguin | Eudyptes sclateri | vagrant
Macaroni penguin | Eudyptes chrysolophus | Macquarie Island; Heard Island[7]
Royal penguin | Eudyptes schlegeli | Macquarie Island; mainland vagrant
Southern rockhopper penguin | Eudyptes chrysocome | Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant
Moseley's rockhopper penguin | Eudyptes moseleyi | vagrant
Snares penguin | Eudyptes robustus | vagrant

## Albatrosses

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae

12 species recorded [11 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world. Thirteen species are seen to varying degrees in Australian waters, with two recorded as vagrants.

White-capped albatross Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Indian yellow-nosed albatross | Thalassarche carteri |
Grey-headed albatross | Thalassarche chrysostoma |
Buller's albatross | Thalassarche bulleri |
White-capped albatross | Thalassarche cauta |
Salvin's albatross | Thalassarche salvini |
Chatham albatross | Thalassarche eremita | vagrant
Campbell albatross | Thalassarche impavida |
Black-browed albatross | Thalassarche melanophris |
Sooty albatross | Phoebetria fusca |
Light-mantled albatross | Phoebetria palpebrata |
Royal albatross | Diomedea epomophora |
Wandering albatross | Diomedea exulans |

## Southern storm-petrels

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae

7 species recorded [5 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Wilson's storm-petrel | Oceanites oceanicus |
Grey-backed storm-petrel | Garrodia nereis |
White-faced storm-petrel | Pelagodroma marina |
White-bellied storm-petrel | Fregetta grallaria |
New Zealand storm-petrel | Fregetta maoriana | vagrant
Black-bellied storm-petrel | Fregetta tropica |
Polynesian storm-petrel | Nesofregetta fuliginosa | vagrant

## Northern storm-petrels

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae

5 species recorded [2 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Leach's storm-petrel | Hydrobates leucorhous | vagrant
Swinhoe's storm-petrel | Hydrobates monorhis |
Band-rumped storm-petrel | Hydrobates castro | vagrant
Matsudaira's storm-petrel | Hydrobates matsudairae |
Tristram's storm-petrel | Hydrobates tristrami | vagrant

## Shearwaters and petrels

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae

Short-tailed shearwater

62 species recorded [41 native extant, 20 vagrant, 1 extirpated]
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Southern giant-petrel | Macronectes giganteus |
Northern giant-petrel | Macronectes halli |
Southern fulmar | Fulmarus glacialoides |
Antarctic petrel | Thalassoica antarctica | vagrant
Cape petrel | Daption capense |
Snow petrel | Pagodroma nivea | vagrant, Heard & Macquarie Island
Kerguelen petrel | Aphrodroma brevirostris |
Great-winged petrel | Pterodroma macroptera |
Grey-faced petrel | Pterodroma gouldi | vagrant
Kermadec petrel | Pterodroma neglecta | Lord Howe Island; Norfolk Island; mainland vagrant;
Trindade petrel | Pterodroma arminjoniana | vagrant
Herald petrel | Pterodroma heraldica |
Providence petrel | Pterodroma solandri |
Soft-plumaged petrel | Pterodroma mollis |
Barau's petrel | Pterodroma baraui | vagrant
White-headed petrel | Pterodroma lessonii |
Mottled petrel | Pterodroma inexpectata |
Juan Fernandez petrel | Pterodroma externa | vagrant
Atlantic petrel | Pterodroma incerta | vagrant
White-necked petrel | Pterodroma cervicalis |
Black-winged petrel | Pterodroma nigripennis |
Cook's petrel | Pterodroma cookii |
Gould's petrel | Pterodroma leucoptera |
Collared petrel | Pterodroma brevipes | vagrant
Stejneger's petrel | Pterodroma longirostris | vagrant
Phoenix petrel | Pterodroma alba | vagrant[8]
Pycroft's petrel | Pterodroma pycrofti | extirpated, Norfolk Island; possible vagrant
Vanuatu petrel | Pterodroma occulta | vagrant
Blue petrel | Halobaena caerulea |
Fairy prion | Pachyptila turtur |
Broad-billed prion | Pachyptila vittata |
Salvin's prion | Pachyptila salvini |
Antarctic prion | Pachyptila desolata |
Slender-billed prion | Pachyptila belcheri |
Fulmar prion | Pachyptila crassirostris | mainland vagrant; Heard Island
Bulwer's petrel | Bulweria bulwerii |
Jouanin's petrel | Bulweria fallax |
Tahiti petrel | Pseudobulweria rostrata |
Grey petrel | Procellaria cinerea |
White-chinned petrel | Procellaria aequinoctialis |
Parkinson's petrel | Procellaria parkinsoni |
Westland petrel | Procellaria westlandica |
Streaked shearwater | Calonectris leucomelas |
Cory's shearwater | Calonectris borealis | vagrant
Pink-footed shearwater | Ardenna creatopus | vagrant
Flesh-footed shearwater | Ardenna carneipes |
Great shearwater | Ardenna gravis | vagrant
Wedge-tailed shearwater | Ardenna pacifica |
Buller's shearwater | Ardenna bulleri |
Sooty shearwater | Ardenna grisea |
Short-tailed shearwater | Ardenna tenuirostris |
Manx shearwater | Puffinus puffinus | vagrant
Hutton's shearwater | Puffinus huttoni |
Newell's shearwater | Puffinus newelli | vagrant
Fluttering shearwater | Puffinus gavia |
Little shearwater | Puffinus assimilis |
Subantarctic shearwater | Puffinus elegans |
Tropical shearwater | Puffinus bailloni | vagrant
Persian shearwater | Puffinus persicus | possible vagrant
Heinroth's shearwater | Puffinus heinrothi | vagrant
Common diving-petrel | Pelecanoides urinatrix |
South Georgian diving-petrel | Pelecanoides georgicus | Macquarie & Heard Island; mainland vagrant

## Storks

[edit]

Black necked stork (jabiru) and juvenile pied heron in flight at Fogg Dam in the Northern Territory

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Black-necked stork | Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus |

## Frigatebirds

[edit]

Order: Suliformes Family: Fregatidae

Great frigatebird

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Lesser frigatebird | Fregata ariel |
Christmas Island frigatebird | Fregata andrewsi | Christmas Island; mainland vagrant
Great frigatebird | Fregata minor |

## Boobies and gannets

[edit]

Order: Suliformes Family: Sulidae

Australasian gannet

7 species recorded [5 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. Six species have been recorded from Australian territory.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Masked booby | Sula dactylatra |
Nazca booby | Sula granti | vagrant[9]
Brown booby | Sula leucogaster |
Red-footed booby | Sula sula |
Abbott's booby | Papasula abbotti | Christmas Island; mainland vagrant
Cape gannet | Morus capensis | vagrant
Australasian gannet | Morus serrator |

## Anhingas

[edit]

Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Anhingas or darters are cormorant-like water birds with long necks and long, straight bills. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water. One species is found in Australia.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Oriental darter | Anhinga melanogaster | vagrant
Australasian darter | Anhinga novaehollandiae |

## Cormorants and shags

[edit]

Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae

9 species recorded [7 extant native, 2 vagrant]
Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the order Pelecaniformes. Nine species occur in Australian territory, with two as vagrants.

Little pied cormorant Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Little pied cormorant | Microcarbo melanoleucos |
Great cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo |
Spotted shag | Phalacrocorax punctatus | vagrant
Little black cormorant | Phalacrocorax sulcirostris |
Pied cormorant | Phalacrocorax varius |
Black-faced cormorant | Phalacrocorax fuscescens |
Kerguelen shag | Leucocarbo verrucosus | vagrant
Macquarie shag | Leucocarbo purpurascens | Sometimes considered a subspecies of Imperial shag
Heard Island shag | Leucocarbo nivalis | Sometimes considered a subspecies of Imperial shag

## Pelicans

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. One species has been recorded in Australia.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian pelican | Pelecanus conspicillatus |

## Herons, egrets, and bitterns

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae

White-necked heron Australian little egret Pacific reef heron, dark morph

25 species recorded [15 extant native, 10 vagrant]
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons, and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australasian bittern | Botaurus poiciloptilus |
Yellow bittern | Ixobrychus sinensis | vagrant
Black-backed bittern | Ixobrychus dubius |
Schrenck's bittern | Ixobrychus eurhythmus | vagrant, Christmas Island
Cinnamon bittern | Ixobrychus cinnamomeus | vagrant
Black bittern | Ixobrychus flavicollis |
Grey heron | Ardea cinerea | vagrant
Pacific heron | Ardea pacifica |
Great-billed heron | Ardea sumatrana |
Purple heron | Ardea purpurea | vagrant
Great egret | Ardea alba |
Intermediate egret | Ardea intermedia |
White-faced heron | Egretta novaehollandiae |
Little egret | Egretta garzetta |
Western reef-heron | Egretta gularis | possibly Cocos (Keeling) Islands but likely hybridised with E. sacra
Pacific reef-heron | Egretta sacra |
Pied heron | Egretta picata |
Eastern cattle egret | Bubulcus coromanda |
Chinese pond-heron | Ardeola bacchus | vagrant
Javan pond-heron | Ardeola speciosa | vagrant
Striated heron | Butorides striatus |
Black-crowned night-heron | Nycticorax nycticorax | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Nankeen night-heron | Nycticorax caledonicus |
Japanese night-heron | Gorsachius goisagi | vagrant, Christmas Island
Malayan night-heron | Gorsachius melanolophus | vagrant, Christmas Island

## Ibises and spoonbills

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae

Royal spoonbill

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Glossy ibis | Plegadis falcinellus |
Australian ibis | Threskiornis moluccus |
Straw-necked ibis | Threskiornis spinicollis |
Royal spoonbill | Platalea regia |
Yellow-billed spoonbill | Platalea flavipes |

## Osprey

[edit]

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Pandionidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Osprey | Pandion haliaetus |

## Hawks, eagles, and kites

[edit]

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae

Grey goshawk

22 species recorded [17 extant native, 5 vagrant]
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Black-shouldered kite | Elanus axillaris |
Letter-winged kite | Elanus scriptus |
Oriental honey-buzzard | Pernis ptilorhynchus | vagrant
Black-breasted kite | Hamirostra melanosternon |
Long-tailed honey-buzzard | Henicopernis longicauda | vagrant
Square-tailed kite | Lophoictinia isura |
Pacific baza | Aviceda subcristata |
Little eagle | Hieraaetus morphnoides |
Gurney's eagle | Aquila gurneyi | vagrant, Torres Strait
Wedge-tailed eagle | Aquila audax |
Swamp harrier | Circus approximans |
Spotted harrier | Circus assimilis |
Chinese sparrowhawk | Accipiter soloensis | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Grey goshawk | Accipiter novaehollandiae |
Brown goshawk | Accipiter fasciatus |
Japanese sparrowhawk | Accipiter gularis | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands & Ashmore Reef
Collared sparrowhawk | Accipiter cirrocephalus |
Red goshawk | Erythrotriorchis radiatus |
Black kite | Milvus migrans |
Whistling kite | Haliastur sphenurus |
Brahminy kite | Haliastur indus |
White-bellied sea eagle | Haliaeetus leucogaster |

## Barn-owls

[edit]

Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae

Masked owl

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Greater sooty owl | Tyto tenebricosa |
Lesser sooty owl | Tyto multipunctata |
Australian masked-owl | Tyto novaehollandiae |
Australasian grass-owl | Tyto longimembris |
Eastern barn owl | Tyto javanica |

## Owls

[edit]

Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae

10 species recorded [6 extant native, 4 vagrant]
The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Oriental scops-owl | Otis sunia | vagrant, Barrow Island, WA
Buffy fish-owl | Ketupa ketupu | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Rufous owl | Ninox rufa |
Powerful owl | Ninox strenua |
Barking owl | Ninox connivens |
Australian boobook | Ninox boobook |
Tasmanian boobook | Ninox leucopsis |
Brown boobook | Ninox scutulata | vagrant
Northern boobook | Ninox japonica | vagrant
Christmas Island boobook | Ninox natalis | Christmas Island

## Hoopoes

[edit]

Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Upupidae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
Hoopoes have black, white, and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Eurasian hoopoe | Upupa epops | vagrant

## Hornbills

[edit]

Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Bucerotidae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Blyth's hornbill | Rhyticeros plicatus | vagrant, Torres Strait Islands[10]

## Kingfishers

[edit]

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae

Laughing kookaburra

15 species recorded [11 extant native, 4 vagrant]
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Common kingfisher | Alcedo atthis | vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Azure kingfisher | Ceyx azureus |
Little kingfisher | Ceyx pusillus |
Laughing kookaburra | Dacelo novaeguineae |
Blue-winged kookaburra | Dacelo leachii |
Black-capped kingfisher | Halcyon pileata | vagrant
Red-backed kingfisher | Todiramphus pyrrhopygia |
Forest kingfisher | Todiramphus macleayii |
Torresian kingfisher | Todiramphus sordidus |
Sacred kingfisher | Todiramphus sanctus |
Collared kingfisher | Todiramphus chloris |
Yellow-billed kingfisher | Syma torotoro |
Little paradise-kingfisher | Tanysiptera hydrocharis | vagrant, Torres Strait
Common paradise-kingfisher | Tanysiptera galatea | vagrant, Torres Strait
Buff-breasted paradise-kingfisher | Tanysiptera sylvia |

## Bee-eaters

[edit]

Rainbow bee-eater

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Meropidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia, and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies, and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Rainbow bee-eater | Merops ornatus |

## Rollers

[edit]

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

European roller | Coracias garrulus | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dollarbird | Eurystomus orientalis |

## Falcons and caracaras

[edit]

Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae

8 species recorded [6 extant native, 2 vagrant]
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Australian hobby Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Nankeen kestrel | Falco cenchroides |
Amur falcon | Falco amurensis | vagrant
Eurasian hobby | Falco subbuteo | vagrant
Australian hobby | Falco longipennis |
Brown falcon | Falco berigora |
Grey falcon | Falco hypoleucos |
Black falcon | Falco subniger |
Peregrine falcon | Falco peregrinus |

## New Zealand parrots

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Nestoridae

1 species recorded [1 extinct native]
The family diverged from the other parrots around 82 million years ago when New Zealand broke off from Gondwana, while the ancestors of the genera Nestor and Strigops diverged from each other between 60 and 80 million years ago.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Norfolk kākā | Nestor productus | extinct, Norfolk Island

## Cockatoos

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Cacatuidae

14 species recorded [14 extant native]
The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.

Pink cockatoo Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Palm cockatoo | Probosciger aterrimus |
Red-tailed black-cockatoo | Calyptorhynchus banksii |
Glossy black-cockatoo | Calyptorhynchus lathami |
Yellow-tailed black-cockatoo | Zanda funerea |
Carnaby's black-cockatoo | Zanda latirostris |
Baudin's black-cockatoo | Zanda baudinii |
Gang-gang cockatoo | Callocephalon fimbriatum |
Pink cockatoo | Lophochroa leadbeateri |
Galah | Eolophus roseicapilla |
Long-billed corella | Cacatua tenuirostris |
Western corella | Cacatua pastinator |
Little corella | Cacatua sanguinea |
Sulphur-crested cockatoo | Cacatua galerita |
Cockatiel | Nymphicus hollandicus |

## Old World parrots

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae

Australian king-parrot (male) Eastern rosella (female) Red-rumped parrot (male) Rainbow lorikeet Blue-winged parrot

44 species recorded [42 extant native, 1 extirpated native, 1 extinct native]
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Superb parrot | Polytelis swainsonii |
Regent parrot | Polytelis anthopeplus |
Princess parrot | Polytelis alexandrae |
Australian king-parrot | Alisterus scapularis |
Red-winged parrot | Aprosmictus erythropterus |
Eclectus parrot | Eclectus roratus |
Red-cheeked parrot | Geoffroyus geoffroyi |
Ground parrot | Pezoporus wallicus |
Night parrot | Pezoporus occidentalis |
Bourke's parrot | Neopsephotus bourkii |
Blue-winged parrot | Neophema chrysostoma |
Elegant parrot | Neophema elegans |
Rock parrot | Neophema petrophila |
Orange-bellied parrot | Neophema chrysogaster |
Turquoise parrot | Neophema pulchella |
Scarlet-chested parrot | Neophema splendida |
Swift parrot | Lathamus discolor |
Red-crowned parakeet | Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae | extirpated, Macquarie Island
Norfolk Island parakeet | Cyanoramphus cookii | Norfolk Island
Australian ringneck | Barnardius zonarius |
Green rosella | Platycercus caledonicus |
Crimson rosella | Platycercus elegans |
Yellow rosella | Platycercus elegans flaveolus |
Northern rosella | Platycercus venustus |
Eastern rosella | Platycercus eximius |
Pale-headed rosella | Platycercus adscitus |
Western rosella | Platycercus icterotis |
Greater bluebonnet | Northiella haematogaster |
Naretha bluebonnet | Northiella narethae |
Red-rumped parrot | Psephotus haematonotus |
Mulga parrot | Psephotellus varius |
Hooded parrot | Psephotellus dissimilis |
Golden-shouldered parrot | Psephotellus chrysopterygius |
Paradise parrot | Psephotellus pulcherrimus | extinct
Red-capped parrot | Purpureicephalus spurius |
Double-eyed fig-parrot | Cyclopsitta diophthalma |
Budgerigar | Melopsittacus undulatus |
Musk lorikeet | Glossopsitta concinna |
Little lorikeet | Parvipsitta pusilla |
Purple-crowned lorikeet | Parvipsitta porphyrocephala |
Varied lorikeet | Psitteuteles versicolor |
Coconut lorikeet | Trichoglossus haematodus | Torres Strait
Red-collared lorikeet | Trichoglossus rubritorquis |
Rainbow lorikeet | Trichoglossus moluccanus |
Scaly-breasted lorikeet | Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus |

## Pittas

[edit]

Noisy pitta

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pittidae

6 species recorded [3 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards and are stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails, and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects, and similar invertebrates.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Papuan pitta | Erythropitta macklotii |
Blue-winged pitta | Pitta moluccensis | vagrant
Fairy pitta | Pitta nympha | vagrant
Hooded pitta | Pitta sordida | vagrant, Barrow Island, WA
Noisy pitta | Pitta versicolor |
Rainbow pitta | Pitta iris |

## Lyrebirds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Menuridae

Superb lyrebird

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
Lyrebirds are most notable for their superb ability to mimic natural and artificial sounds from their environment, and the striking beauty of the male bird's huge tail when it is fanned out in courtship display.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Albert's lyrebird | Menura alberti |
Superb lyrebird | Menura novaehollandiae |

## Scrub-birds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Atrichornithidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The scrub-bird family is ancient and is understood to be most closely related to the lyrebirds, and probably also the bowerbirds and treecreepers.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Rufous scrub-bird | Atrichornis rufescens |
Noisy scrub-bird | Atrichornis clamosus |

## Bowerbirds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Ptilonorhynchidae

Regent bowerbird

11 species recorded [11 extant native]
The bowerbirds are small to medium-sized passerine birds. The males notably build a bower to attract a mate. Depending on the species, the bower ranges from a circle of cleared earth with a small pile of twigs in the centre to a complex and highly decorated structure of sticks and leaves.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spotted catbird | Ailuroedus maculosus |
Black-eared catbird | Ailuroedus melanotis |
Green catbird | Ailuroedus crassirostris |
Tooth-billed bowerbird | Scenopoeetes dentirostris |
Golden bowerbird | Amblyornis newtonianus |
Regent bowerbird | Sericulus chrysocephalus |
Satin bowerbird | Ptilonorhynchus violaceus |
Western bowerbird | Ptilonorhynchus guttatus |
Spotted bowerbird | Ptilonorhynchus maculatus |
Great bowerbird | Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis |
Fawn-breasted bowerbird | Ptilonorhynchus cerviniventris |

## Australasian treecreepers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Climacteridae

6 species recorded [6 extant native]
The Climacteridae are medium-small, mostly brown-coloured birds with patterning on their underparts.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

White-throated treecreeper | Cormobates leucophaea |
White-browed treecreeper | Climacteris affinis |
Red-browed treecreeper | Climacteris erythrops |
Brown treecreeper | Climacteris picumnus |
Black-tailed treecreeper | Climacteris melanura |
Rufous treecreeper | Climacteris rufa |

## Fairywrens

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Maluridae

26 species recorded [26 extant native]
Maluridae is a family of small, insectivorous passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea. They are socially monogamous and sexually promiscuous, meaning that although they form pairs between one male and one female, each partner will mate with other individuals and even assist in raising the young from such pairings.

Variegated fairywren Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Grey grasswren | Amytornis barbatus |
Rufous grasswren | Amytornis whitei |
Opalton grasswren | Amytornis rowleyi |
Striated grasswren | Amytornis striatus |
White-throated grasswren | Amytornis woodwardi |
Carpentarian grasswren | Amytornis dorotheae |
Short-tailed grasswren | Amytornis merrotsyi |
Western grasswren | Amytornis textilis |
Thick-billed grasswren | Amytornis modestus |
Black grasswren | Amytornis housei |
Eyrean grasswren | Amytornis goyderi |
Dusky grasswren | Amytornis purnelli |
Kalkadoon grasswren | Amytornis ballarae |
Southern emuwren | Stipiturus malachurus |
Rufous-crowned emuwren | Stipiturus ruficeps |
Mallee emuwren | Stipiturus mallee |
Purple-crowned fairywren | Malurus coronatus |
Red-winged fairywren | Malurus elegans |
Blue-breasted fairywren | Malurus pulcherrimus |
Purple-backed fairywren | Malurus assimilis |
Variegated fairywren | Malurus lamberti |
Lovely fairywren | Malurus amabilis |
Splendid fairywren | Malurus splendens |
Superb fairywren | Malurus cyaneus |
White-winged fairywren | Malurus leucopterus |
Red-backed fairywren | Malurus melanocephalus |

## Honeyeaters

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Meliphagidae

Lewin's honeyeater New Holland honeyeater Little friarbird Scarlet myzomela

76 species recorded [76 extant native]
The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family of small to medium-sized birds most common in Australia and New Guinea. They are nectar feeders and closely resemble other nectar-feeding passerines.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Eastern spinebill | Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris |
Western spinebill | Acanthorhynchus superciliosus |
Pied honeyeater | Certhionyx variegatus |
Yellow-spotted honeyeater | Meliphaga notata |
Lewin's honeyeater | Meliphaga lewinii |
White-lined honeyeater | Territornis albilineata |
Kimberley honeyeater | Territornis fordiana |
Graceful honeyeater | Microptilotis gracilis |
Cryptic honeyeater | Microptilotis imitatrix |
Yellow honeyeater | Stomiopera flava |
White-gaped honeyeater | Stomiopera unicolor |
White-fronted honeyeater | Purnella albifrons |
Yellow-faced honeyeater | Caligavis chrysops |
Yellow-tufted honeyeater | Lichenostomus melanops |
Purple-gaped honeyeater | Lichenostomus cratitius |
Bell miner | Manorina melanophrys |
Noisy miner | Manorina melanocephala |
Yellow-throated miner | Manorina flavigula |
Black-eared miner | Manorina melanotis |
Bridled honeyeater | Bolemoreus frenatus |
Eungella honeyeater | Bolemoreus hindwoodi |
Spiny-cheeked honeyeater | Acanthagenys rufogularis |
Little wattlebird | Anthochaera chrysoptera |
Western wattlebird | Anthochaera lunulata |
Regent honeyeater | Anthochaera phrygia |
Red wattlebird | Anthochaera carunculata |
Yellow wattlebird | Anthochaera paradoxa |
Varied honeyeater | Gavicalis versicolor |
Mangrove honeyeater | Gavicalis fasciogularis |
Singing honeyeater | Gavicalis virescens |
Yellow-plumed honeyeater | Ptilotula ornata |
White-plumed honeyeater | Ptilotula penicillata |
Yellow-tinted honeyeater | Ptilotula flavescens |
Fuscous honeyeater | Ptilotula fusca |
Grey-headed honeyeater | Ptilotula keartlandi |
Grey-fronted honeyeater | Ptilotula plumula |
Brown-backed honeyeater | Ramsayornis modestus |
Bar-breasted honeyeater | Ramsayornis fasciatus |
Rufous-banded honeyeater | Conopophila albogularis |
Rufous-throated honeyeater | Conopophila rufogularis |
Grey honeyeater | Conopophila whitei |
Gibberbird | Ashbyia lovensis |
Yellow chat | Epthianura crocea |
Crimson chat | Epthianura tricolor |
Orange chat | Epthianura aurifrons |
White-fronted chat | Epthianura albifrons |
Black honeyeater | Sugomel nigrum |
Dusky honeyeater | Myzomela obscura |
Red-headed honeyeater | Myzomela erythrocephala |
Scarlet honeyeater | Myzomela sanguinolenta |
Tawny-crowned honeyeater | Gliciphila melanops |
Green-backed honeyeater | Glycichaera fallax |
Banded honeyeater | Cissomela pectoralis |
Brown honeyeater | Lichmera indistincta |
Crescent honeyeater | Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera |
New Holland honeyeater | Phylidonyris novaehollandiae |
White-cheeked honeyeater | Phylidonyris niger |
White-streaked honeyeater | Trichodere cockerelli |
White-eared honeyeater | Nesoptilotis leucotis |
Yellow-throated honeyeater | Nesoptilotis flavicollis |
Blue-faced honeyeater | Entomyzon cyanotis |
White-throated honeyeater | Melithreptus albogularis |
Gilbert's honeyeater | Melithreptus chloropsis |
White-naped honeyeater | Melithreptus lunatus |
Black-headed honeyeater | Melithreptus affinis |
Brown-headed honeyeater | Melithreptus brevirostris |
Black-chinned honeyeater | Melithreptus gularis |
Strong-billed honeyeater | Melithreptus validirostris |
Tawny-breasted honeyeater | Xanthotis flaviventer |
Macleay's honeyeater | Xanthotis macleayana |
Striped honeyeater | Plectorhyncha lanceolata |
Painted honeyeater | Grantiella picta |
Little friarbird | Philemon citreogularis |
Helmeted friarbird | Philemon buceroides |
Silver-crowned friarbird | Philemon argenticeps |
Noisy friarbird | Philemon corniculatus |

## Bristlebirds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dasyornithidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
Bristlebirds are long-tailed, sedentary, ground-frequenting birds. The common name of the family is derived from the presence of prominent rictal bristles \- three stiff, hair-like feathers curving downwards on either side of the gape.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Western bristlebird | Dasyornis longirostris |
Eastern bristlebird | Dasyornis brachypterus |
Rufous bristlebird | Dasyornis broadbenti |

## Pardalotes

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pardalotidae

Spotted pardalote

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
Pardalotes spend most of their time high in the outer foliage of trees, feeding on insects, spiders, and above all lerps (a type of sap-sucking insect).

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spotted pardalote | Pardalotus punctatus |
Forty-spotted pardalote | Pardalotus quadragintus |
Red-browed pardalote | Pardalotus rubricatus |
Striated pardalote | Pardalotus striatus |

## Thornbills and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acanthizidae

White-browed scrubwren Brown thornbill

45 species recorded [44 extant native, 1 extinct native]
Thornbills are small passerine birds, similar in habits to the tits.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Pilotbird | Pycnoptilus floccosus |
Rockwarbler | Origma solitaria |
Fernwren | Oreoscopus gutturalis |
Yellow-throated scrubwren | Neosericornis citreogularis |
White-browed scrubwren | Sericornis frontalis |
Spotted scrubwren | Sericornis maculatus |
Tasmanian scrubwren | Sericornis humilis |
Atherton scrubwren | Sericornis keri |
Tropical scrubwren | Sericornis beccarii |
Large-billed scrubwren | Sericornis magnirostra |
Scrubtit | Acanthornis magna |
Redthroat | Pyrrholaemus brunneus |
Speckled warbler | Pyrrholaemus sagittatus |
Rufous fieldwren | Calamanthus campestris |
Western fieldwren | Calamanthus montanellus |
Striated fieldwren | Calamanthus fuliginosus |
Chestnut-rumped heathwren | Hylacola pyrrhopygia |
Shy heathwren | Hylacola cauta |
Buff-rumped thornbill | Acanthiza reguloides |
Western thornbill | Acanthiza inornata |
Slender-billed thornbill | Acanthiza iredalei |
Mountain thornbill | Acanthiza katherina |
Brown thornbill | Acanthiza pusilla |
Tasmanian thornbill | Acanthiza ewingii |
Inland thornbill | Acanthiza apicalis |
Yellow-rumped thornbill | Acanthiza chrysorrhoa |
Chestnut-rumped thornbill | Acanthiza uropygialis |
Slaty-backed thornbill | Acanthiza robustirostris |
Yellow thornbill | Acanthiza nana |
Striated thornbill | Acanthiza lineata |
Weebill | Smicrornis brevirostris |
Green-backed gerygone | Gerygone chloronota |
Fairy gerygone | Gerygone palpebrosa |
White-throated gerygone | Gerygone olivacea |
Yellow-bellied gerygone | Gerygone chrysogaster |
Large-billed gerygone | Gerygone magnirostris |
Dusky gerygone | Gerygone tenebrosa |
Brown gerygone | Gerygone mouki |
Western gerygone | Gerygone fusca |
Mangrove gerygone | Gerygone levigaster |
Norfolk Island gerygone | Gerygone modesta | Norfolk Island
Lord Howe gerygone | Gerygone insularis | extinct, Lord Howe Island
Southern whiteface | Aphelocephala leucopsis |
Chestnut-breasted whiteface | Aphelocephala pectoralis |
Banded whiteface | Aphelocephala nigricincta |

## Pseudo-babblers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pomatostomidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
The pseudo-babblers are small to medium-sized birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea. They are ground-feeding omnivores and highly social

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Grey-crowned babbler | Pomatostomus temporalis |
White-browed babbler | Pomatostomus superciliosus |
Hall's babbler | Pomatostomus halli |
Chestnut-crowned babbler | Pomatostomus ruficeps |

## Logrunners

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Orthonychidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The Orthonychidae is a family of birds with a single genus, Orthonyx, which comprises two types of passerine birds endemic to Australia and New Guinea, the logrunners and the chowchilla. Both use stiffened tails to brace themselves when feeding.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Australian logrunner | Orthonyx temminckii |
Chowchilla | Orthonyx spaldingii |

## Quail-thrushes and jewel-babblers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cinclosomatidae

7 species recorded [7 extant native]
The Cinclosomatidae is a family containing jewel-babblers and quail-thrushes.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spotted quail-thrush | Cinclosoma punctatum |
Chestnut quail-thrush | Cinclosoma castanotum |
Copperback quail-thrush | Cinclosoma clarum |
Chestnut-breasted quail-thrush | Cinclosoma castaneothorax |
Western quail-thrush | Cinclosoma marginatum |
Cinnamon quail-thrush | Cinclosoma cinnamomeum |
Nullarbor quail-thrush | Cinclosoma alisteri |

## Cuckooshrikes

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Campephagidae

8 species recorded [7 extant native, 1 extirpated native]
The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Ground cuckooshrike | Coracina maxima |
Barred cuckooshrike | Coracina lineata |
Black-faced cuckooshrike | Coracina novaehollandiae |
White-bellied cuckooshrike | Coracina papuensis |
Long-tailed triller | Lalage leucopyga | extirpated, Norfolk Island
White-winged triller | Lalage tricolor |
Varied triller | Lalage leucomela |
Common cicadabird | Edolisoma tenuirostre |

## Sittellas

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Neosittidae

Varied sittella

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The sittellas are a family of small passerine birds found only in Australasia. They resemble treecreepers, but have soft tails.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Papuan sittella | Daphoenositta papuensis |
Varied sittella | Daphoenositta chrysoptera |

## Whipbirds and wedgebills

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Psophodidae

5 species recorded [5 extant native]
The Psophodidae is a family containing whipbirds and wedgebills.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Eastern whipbird | Psophodes olivaceus |
Black-throated whipbird | Psophodes nigrogularis |
White-bellied whipbird | Psophodes leucogaster |
Chiming wedgebill | Psophodes occidentalis |
Chirruping wedgebill | Psophodes cristatus |

## Australo-Papuan bellbirds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oreoicidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The three species contained in the family have been moved around between different families for fifty years. A series of studies of the DNA of Australian birds between 2006 and 2001 found strong support for treating the three genera as a new family, which was formally named in 2016.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Crested bellbird | Oreoica gutturalis |

## Shrike-tits

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Falcunculidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The shrike-tits have a parrot-like bill, used for distinctive bark-stripping behaviour, which gains it access to invertebrates.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Eastern shrike-tit | Falcunculus frontatus |
Western shrike-tit | Falcunculus leucogaster |
Northern shrike-tit | Falcunculus whitei |

## Whistlers and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pachycephalidae

Australian golden whistler

14 species recorded [14 extant native]
The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and some of the pitohuis.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Sandstone shrikethrush | Colluricincla woodwardi |
Bower's shrikethrush | Colluricincla boweri |
Grey shrikethrush | Colluricincla harmonica |
Arafura shrikethrush | Colluricincla megarhyncha |
Rufous shrikethrush | Colluricincla rufogaster |
Olive whistler | Pachycephala olivacea |
Red-lored whistler | Pachycephala rufogularis |
Gilbert's whistler | Pachycephala inornata |
Golden whistler | Pachycephala pectoralis |
Western whistler | Pachycephala fuliginosa |
Black-tailed whistler | Pachycephala melanura |
Grey whistler | Pachycephala simplex |
Rufous whistler | Pachycephala rufiventris |
White-breasted whistler | Pachycephala lanioides |

## Old World orioles

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oriolidae

3 species recorded [3 extant native]
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Olive-backed oriole | Oriolus sagittatus |
Green oriole | Oriolus flavocinctus |
Australasian figbird | Sphecotheres vieilloti |

## Boatbills

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Machaerirhynchidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The boatbills have affinities to woodswallows and butcherbirds, and are distributed across New Guinea and northern Queensland.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Yellow-breasted boatbill | Machaerirhynchus flaviventer |

## Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Artamidae

15 species recorded [15 extant native]
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. The cracticids: currawongs, bellmagpies and butcherbirds, are similar to the other corvids. They have large, straight bills and mostly black, white or grey plumage. All are omnivorous to some degree.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

White-breasted woodswallow | Artamus leucorynchus |
Masked woodswallow | Artamus personatus |
White-browed woodswallow | Artamus superciliosus |
Black-faced woodswallow | Artamus cinereus |
Dusky woodswallow | Artamus cyanopterus |
Little woodswallow | Artamus minor |
Black-backed butcherbird | Cracticus mentalis |
Grey butcherbird | Cracticus torquatus |
Silver-backed butcherbird | Cracticus argenteus |
Pied butcherbird | Cracticus nigrogularis |
Black butcherbird | Melloria quoyi |
Australian magpie | Gymnorhina tibicen |
Pied currawong | Strepera graculina |
Black currawong | Strepera fuliginosa |
Grey currawong | Strepera versicolor |

## Fantails

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Rhipiduridae

7 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 extirpated]
The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Northern fantail | Rhipidura rufiventris |
Willie-wagtail | Rhipidura leucophrys |
Rufous fantail | Rhipidura rufifrons |
Arafura fantail | Rhipidura dryas |
Grey fantail | Rhipidura albiscapa | includes the Norfolk fantail R. a. pelzeni, which may be a subspecies of R. fuliginosa
Mangrove fantail | Rhipidura phasiana |
New Zealand fantail | Rhipidura fuliginosa | extirpated, Lord Howe Island; surviving Norfolk birds may be this species

## Drongos

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicruridae

Spangled drongo

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Crow-billed drongo | Dicrurus annectens | vagrant
Spangled drongo | Dicrurus bracteatus |

## Birds-of-paradise

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Paradisaeidae

4 species recorded [4 extant native]
The birds-of-paradise are best known for the striking plumage possessed by the males of most species, in particular highly elongated and elaborate feathers extending from the tail, wings or head. These plumes are used in courtship displays to attract females.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Trumpet manucode | Phonygammus keraudrenii |
Paradise riflebird | Ptiloris paradiseus |
Victoria's riflebird | Ptiloris victoriae |
Magnificent riflebird | Ptiloris magnificus |

## Monarch flycatchers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Monarchidae

Leaden flycatcher

15 species recorded [13 extant native, 2 vagrant]
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

White-eared monarch | Carterornis leucotis |
Island monarch | Monarcha cinerascens | vagrant
Black-faced monarch | Monarcha melanopsis |
Black-winged monarch | Monarcha frater |
Spectacled monarch | Symposiachrus trivirgatus |
Frilled monarch | Arses telescophthalmus | vagrant, Torres Strait
Frill-necked monarch | Arses lorealis |
Pied monarch | Arses kaupi |
Magpie-lark | Grallina cyanoleuca |
Leaden flycatcher | Myiagra rubecula |
Broad-billed flycatcher | Myiagra ruficollis |
Satin flycatcher | Myiagra cyanoleuca |
Restless flycatcher | Myiagra inquieta |
Paperbark flycatcher | Myiagra nana |
Shining flycatcher | Myiagra alecto |

## White-winged chough and apostlebird

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corcoracidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
They are found in open habitat in eastern Australia, mostly open eucalypt woodlands and some forest that lacks a closed canopy. They are highly social, spend much of their time foraging through leaf litter with a very distinctive gait, calling to one another almost constantly

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

White-winged chough | Corcorax melanorhamphos |
Apostlebird | Struthidea cinerea |

## Shrikes

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Laniidae

2 species recorded [2 vagrant]
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Tiger shrike | Lanius tigrinus | vagrant
Brown shrike | Lanius cristatus | vagrant, Christmas Island & Ashmore Reef

## Crows, jays, and magpies

[edit]

Little raven

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae

6 species recorded [5 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

House crow | Corvus splendens | vagrant, introduced and now extirpated[11]
Torresian crow | Corvus orru |
Little crow | Corvus bennetti |
Australian raven | Corvus coronoides |
Little raven | Corvus mellori |
Forest raven | Corvus tasmanicus |

## Australasian robins

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Petroicidae

Eastern yellow robin Rose robin

23 species recorded [23 extant native]
Most species of Petroicidae have a stocky build with a large rounded head, a short straight bill and rounded wingtips. They occupy a wide range of wooded habitats, from subalpine to tropical rainforest, and mangrove swamp to semi-arid scrubland. All are primarily insectivores, although a few supplement their diet with seeds.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Jacky-winter | Microeca fascinans |
Lemon-bellied flycatcher | Microeca flavigaster |
Yellow-legged flycatcher | Microeca griseoceps |
Scarlet robin | Petroica boodang |
Flame robin | Petroica phoenicea |
Rose robin | Petroica rosea |
Pink robin | Petroica rodinogaster |
Norfolk robin | Petroica multicolor | Norfolk Island
Red-capped robin | Petroica goodenovii |
Hooded robin | Melanodryas cucullata |
Dusky robin | Melanodryas vittata |
White-faced robin | Tregellasia leucops |
Pale-yellow robin | Tregellasia capito |
Eastern yellow robin | Eopsaltria australis |
Western yellow robin | Eopsaltria griseogularis |
White-breasted robin | Eopsaltria georgiana |
Mangrove robin | Peneonanthe pulverulenta |
White-browed robin | Poecilodryas superciliosa |
Buff-sided robin | Poecilodryas cerviniventris |
Ashy robin | Heteromyias albispecularis |
Grey-headed robin | Heteromyias cinereifrons |
Northern scrub-robin | Drymodes superciliaris |
Southern scrub-robin | Drymodes brunneopygia |

## Larks

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 introduced]
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Horsfield's bushlark | Mirafra javanica |
Eurasian skylark | Alauda arvensis | introduced

## Cisticolas and allies

[edit]

Golden-headed cisticola

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cisticolidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Zitting cisticola | Cisticola juncidis |
Golden-headed cisticola | Cisticola exilis |

## Reed warblers and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acrocephalidae

Australian reed warbler

2 species recorded [1 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Oriental reed warbler | Acrocephalus orientalis | vagrant
Australian reed warbler | Acrocephalus australis |

## Grassbirds and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Locustellidae

Little grassbird

8 species recorded [5 extant native, 3 vagrant]
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Spinifexbird | Poodytes carteri |
Little grassbird | Poodytes gramineus |
Brown songlark | Cincloramphus cruralis |
Rufous songlark | Cincloramphus mathewsi |
Tawny grassbird | Cincloramphus timoriensis |
Gray's grasshopper warbler | Helopsaltes fasciolatus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef & possibly mainland
Pallas's grasshopper warbler | Helopsaltes certhiola | vagrant, Christmas Island & Ashmore Reef
Middendorff's grasshopper warbler | Helopsaltes ochotensis | vagrant

## Swallows

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae

Fairy martin

7 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 vagrant]
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Barn swallow | Hirundo rustica |
Welcome swallow | Hirundo neoxena |
Red-rumped swallow | Cecropis daurica |
Fairy martin | Petrochelidon ariel |
Tree martin | Petrochelidon nigricans |
Asian house-martin | Delichon dasypus | vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
White-backed swallow | Cheramoeca leucosternus |

## Bulbuls

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae

2 species recorded [1 introduced, 1 extirpated]
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Red-vented bulbul | Pycnonotus jocosus | extirpated
Red-whiskered bulbul | Pycnonotus jocosus | introduced

## Leaf warblers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Phylloscopidae

6 species recorded [6 vagrant]
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Yellow-browed warbler | Phylloscopus inornatus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Dusky warbler | Phylloscopus fuscatus | vagrant, Christmas Island
Willow warbler | Phylloscopus trochilus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Eastern crowned warbler | Phylloscopus coronatus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Arctic warbler | Phylloscopus borealis | vagrant
Kamchatka leaf warbler | Phylloscopus examinandus | vagrant, Ashmore Reef

## Bush warblers and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Scotocercidae

1 species recorded [1 vagrant]
The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.[12]

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Asian stubtail | Urosphena squameiceps | vagrant, Ashmore Reef

## White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

[edit]

Silvereye

Order: Passeriformes Family: Zosteropidae

8 species recorded [6 extant native, 1 possibly extinct native, 1 extinct native]
The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Christmas Island white-eye | Zosterops natalis | Christmas Island
Lemon-bellied white-eye | Zosterops chloris |
Ashy-bellied white-eye | Zosterops citrinella |
Australian yellow white-eye | Zosterops luteus |
Slender-billed white-eye | Zosterops tenuirostris | Norfolk Island
Robust white-eye | Zosterops strenuus | extinct, Lord Howe Island
White-chested white-eye | Zosterops albogularis | possibly extinct, Norfolk Island
Silvereye | Zosterops lateralis |

## Starlings

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae

8 species recorded [2 extant native, 2 introduced, 3 vagrant, 1 extinct native]
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Metallic starling | Aplonis metallica |
Singing starling | Aplonis cantoroides | Torres Strait
Norfolk starling | Aplonis fusca | extinct, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
European starling | Sturnus vulgaris | introduced
Rosy starling | Pastor roseus | vagrant
Daurian starling | Agropsar sturninus | vagrant, Christmas & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Chestnut-cheeked starling | Agropsar philippensis | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Common myna | Acridotheres tristis | introduced

## Thrushes and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae

Bassian thrush

7 species recorded [3 extant native, 2 introduced, 2 vagrant]
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Bassian thrush | Zoothera lunulata |
Russet-tailed thrush | Zoothera heinei |
Siberian thrush | Geokichla sibirica | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Song thrush | Turdus philomelos | introduced
Eurasian blackbird | Turdus merula | introduced
Eye-browed thrush | Turdus obscurus | vagrant
Island thrush | Turdus poliocephalus | Christmas Island

## Old World flycatchers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Muscicapidae

Mugimaki flycatcher

12 species recorded [12 vagrant]
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Grey-streaked flycatcher | Muscicapa griseisticta | vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Dark-sided flycatcher | Muscicapa sibirica | vagrant
Asian brown flycatcher | Muscicapa dauurica | vagrant, Ashmore Reef, Browse & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Blue-and-white flycatcher | Cyanoptila cyanomelana | vagrant
Siberian blue robin | Larvivora cyane | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Siberian rubythroat | Calliope calliope | vagrant
Narcissus flycatcher | Ficedula narcissina | vagrant, Ashmore Reef, Barrow Island, WA & Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Mugimaki flycatcher | Ficedula mugimaki | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Blue rock-thrush | Monticola solitarius | vagrant
Amur stonechat | Saxicola stejnegeri | vagrant
Northern wheatear | Oenanthe oenanthe | vagrant, Cocos (Keeling) Islands[13]
Isabelline wheatear | Oenanthe isabellina | vagrant

## Flowerpeckers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicaeidae

2 species recorded [2 extant native]
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills, and tubular tongues.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Red-capped flowerpecker | Dicaeum geelvinkianum | Torres Strait
Mistletoebird | Dicaeum hirundinaceum |

## Sunbirds and spiderhunters

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Nectariniidae

1 species recorded [1 extant native]
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Olive-backed sunbird | Nectarinia jugularis |

## Waxbills and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Estrildidae

Double-barred finch Red-browed finch

22 species recorded [18 extant native, 3 introduced, 1 vagrant]
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Painted firetail | Emblema pictum |
Beautiful firetail | Stagonopleura bella |
Red-eared firetail | Stagonopleura oculata |
Diamond firetail | Stagonopleura guttata |
Red-browed finch | Neochmia temporalis |
Crimson finch | Neochmia phaeton |
Star finch | Bathilda ruficauda |
Plum-headed finch | Aidemosyne modesta |
Zebra finch | Taeniopygia guttata |
Double-barred finch | Stizoptera bichenovii |
Masked finch | Poephila personata |
Long-tailed finch | Poephila acuticauda |
Black-throated finch | Poephila cincta |
Blue-faced parrotfinch | Erythrura trichroa |
Gouldian finch | Chloebia gouldiae |
Scaly-breasted munia | Lonchura punctulata | introduced, mainland; vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Chestnut munia | Lonchura atricapilla | introduced
Pale-headed munia | Lonchura pallida | vagrant, Ashmore Reef
Yellow-rumped munia | Lonchura flaviprymna |
Chestnut-breasted munia | Lonchura castaneothorax |
Java sparrow | Padda oryzivora | introduced, Christmas Island
Pictorella munia | Heteromunia pectoralis |

## Old World sparrows

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae

2 species recorded [2 introduced]
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

House sparrow | Passer domesticus | introduced
Eurasian tree sparrow | Passer montanus | introduced

## Wagtails and pipits

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae

Australian pipit chicks

11 species recorded [3 extant native, 8 vagrant]
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Forest wagtail | Dendronanthus indicus | vagrant
Grey wagtail | Motacilla cinerea | vagrant
Western yellow wagtail | Motacilla flava |
Eastern yellow wagtail | Motacilla tschutschensis |
Citrine wagtail | Motacilla citreola | vagrant
White wagtail | Motacilla alba | vagrant
Australian pipit | Anthus australis |
Tree pipit | Anthus trivialis | vagrant
New Zealand pipit | Anthus novaeseelandiae | vagrant
Pechora pipit | Anthus gustavi | vagrant, Ashmore Reef & Browse Island
Red-throated pipit | Anthus cervinus | vagrant

## Finches, euphonias, and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae

5 species recorded [4 introduced, 1 introduced vagrant]
Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Common chaffinch | Fringilla coelebs | vagrant from introduced NZ population, Macquarie, Lord Howe & Norfolk Island
European greenfinch | Chloris chloris | introduced
Common redpoll | Acanthis flammea | introduced, Macquarie Island & vagrant, Lord Howe Island; in both cases, from introduced NZ population
Lesser redpoll | Acanthis cabaret | introduced
European goldfinch | Carduelis carduelis | introduced

## Old World buntings

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae

2 species recorded [1 introduced vagrant, 1 vagrant]
The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Common name  | Binomial  | Notes

|
|

Yellowhammer | Emberiza citrinella | vagrant from introduced NZ population, Lord Howe Island & possibly Macquarie Island
Yellow-breasted bunting | Emberiza aureola | vagrant

## See also

[edit]

* Birds of Australia, including links to state and local lists
* Lists of birds by region, including Oceania and Asia
* Fauna of Australia
* List of endemic birds of Australia

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Melbourne: CSIRO. ISBN 978-0-643-09602-8.
2. ^ Christidis, Leslie; Boles, Walter (1994). The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories. Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union. ISBN 978-1-875122-06-6.
3. ^ "Birds Australia Checklist". Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
4. ^ Lepage, Denis. "Checklist of Birds of Australia". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
5. ^ "Birds of Western Australia, the complete checklist". WICE (World Institute for Conservation and Environment). Retrieved 13 October 2019.
6. ^ "White-nest Swiftlet". Macaulay Library. 12 June 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
7. ^ "Macaroni Penguin: Eudyptes chrysolophus". PenguinWorld. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
8. ^ "Phoenix Petrel". Macaulay Library. 13 July 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
9. ^ "Nazca Booby". Macaulay Library. 18 August 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
10. ^ "Blyth's Hornbill". Macaulay Library. 8 March 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
11. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus splendens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705938A131944731. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705938A131944731.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
12. ^ Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.
13. ^ "Northern Wheatear". Macaulay Library. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

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