List of birds of New Zealand

This is the list of the birds of New Zealand.

The North Island and South Island are the two largest islands of New Zealand. Stewart Island is the largest of the smaller islands. New Zealand proper also includes outlying islands such as the Chatham Islands, Kermadec Islands, and New Zealand Subantarctic Islands. Only New Zealand proper is represented on this list, not the Realm of New Zealand. For birds in the associated states or dependent territories, see List of birds of the Cook Islands, List of birds of Niue, List of birds of Tokelau, and List of birds of Antarctica.

Unless noted otherwise, all species listed below occur regularly in New Zealand as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The species marked extinct became extinct subsequent to human arrival in New Zealand. About two thirds of the extinctions occurred after the arrival of Māori but before the arrival of Pākehā (European New Zealanders) and the rest since Pākehā arrived.

The following codes are used to denote other categories of species:

* (B) Breeding – confirmed nesting records in New Zealand or a portion thereof, excluding introduced species.
* (I) Introduced – a species introduced to New Zealand by the actions of humans, either directly or indirectly
* (X) Extinct – a species that became extinct after human arrival in New Zealand
* (ex) Extirpated – a species no longer found in New Zealand or a portion thereof but existing elsewhere
* (P) Regularly occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof. The species occurs on an annual or mostly annual basis but does not nest in New Zealand.
* (V) Vagrant – a species rarely occurring in New Zealand or a portion thereof.

The list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature (common and scientific names) mainly follows the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2022 edition.[1] Some supplemental referencing is that of the Avibase Bird Checklists of the World[2] as of 2022, and the 4th edition of the Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, published in 2010 by Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, which is an authoritative list of the birds of New Zealand.[3]

The species' common name in New Zealand English is given first, and its Māori-language name, if different, is also noted.

## Kiwi

[edit]

Order: Apterygiformes   Family: Apterygidae

Kiwi are flightless birds all native to New Zealand. Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest ratites.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Southern brown kiwi
(Māori: tokoeka)
Apteryx australis |  |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Okarito kiwi
(Māori: rowi)
Apteryx rowi |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island brown kiwi
Apteryx mantelli |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Little spotted kiwi
(Māori: kiwi pukupuku)
Apteryx owenii |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Great spotted kiwi
(Māori: roroa)
Apteryx haastii |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Little spotted kiwi

* Southern brown kiwi

* North Island brown kiwi

## Giant moa

[edit]

Order: Dinornithiformes   Family: Dinornithidae

The giant moa (Dinornis) is an extinct genus of birds belonging to the moa family. As with other moa, it was a member of the order Dinornithiformes. It was endemic to New Zealand. Two species of Dinornis are considered valid, the North Island giant moa (Dinornis novaezealandiae) and the South Island giant moa (Dinornis robustus). In addition, two further species (new lineage A and lineage B) have been suggested based on distinct DNA lineages.[4]

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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North Island giant moa
Dinornis novaezealandiae |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island giant moa
Dinornis robustus |  |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |

* South Island giant moa (extinct)

## Lesser moa

[edit]

Order: Dinornithiformes   Family: Emeidae

The lesser moa (family Emeidae) were a family of moa. The moa were ratites from New Zealand. About two-thirds of all moa species are in the lesser moa family.[5]

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Bush moa
Anomalopteryx didiformis |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eastern moa
Emeus crassus |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Broad-billed moa
Euryapteryx curtus |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Heavy-footed moa
Pachyornis elephantopus |  |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |
Mantell's moa
Pachyornis geranoides |  | X  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Crested moa
Pachyornis australis |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Upland moa

[edit]

Order: Dinornithiformes   Family: Megalapterygidae

The upland moa (Megalapteryx didinus) was a species of moa endemic to New Zealand. It was a ratite, a grouping of flightless birds with no keel on the sternum. It was the last moa species to become extinct, vanishing in 1445 CE, and was predominantly found in alpine and sub-alpine environments.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Upland moa
Megalapteryx didinus |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Ducks, geese, and swans

[edit]

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are adapted for an aquatic existence, with webbed feet, bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. The Cape Barren goose is also recorded as an escape from captivity in New Zealand which has bred, as well as being a vagrant from Australia as set out in the table below.[6]

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Plumed whistling-duck
Dendrocygna eytoni |  | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Greylag goose
Anser anser |  | I | I |  | I |  |  |  |  |
Canada goose
Branta canadensis | V | I | I |  | V |  | V |  |  |
Cape Barren goose
Cereopsis novahollandiae |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island goose
Cnemiornis gracilis |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island goose
Cnemiornis calcitrans |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mute swan
Cygnus olor |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black swan
Cygnus atratus |  | I[a] | I |  | I |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand swan
(Māori: poūwa)
Cygnus sumnerensis |  |  | X  |  | X  |  |  |  |  |
Australian shelduck
Tadorna tadornoides | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |  |
Paradise shelduck
(Māori: pūtangitangi)
Tadorna variegata | V | B | B | B | V |  |  |  |  |
Australian wood duck
Chenonetta jubata |  |  | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |
Finsch's duck
Chenonetta finschi |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Blue duck
(Māori: whio)
Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australasian shoveler
(Māori: kuruwhengi)
Spatula rhynchotis |  | B | B | V | V | V | V |  |  |
Northern shoveler
Spatula clypeata |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pacific black duck or grey duck
(Māori: pārera)
Anas superciliosa  | ex | B | B | V | V | ex | ex | ex |  |
Chatham duck
Anas chathamica |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Domestic mallard
Anas platyrhynchos | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |  |
Northern pintail
Anas acuta |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grey teal
(Māori: tētē)
Anas gracilis |  | B | B | V | V | V | V | V |  |
Chestnut teal
Anas castanea |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Auckland teal
Anas aucklandica |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |
Campbell teal
Anas nesiotis |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |  |
Brown teal
(Māori: pāteke)
Anas chlorotis |  | B | B | ex | ex |  |  |  |  |
Scarlett's duck
Malacorhynchus scarletti |  | X | X |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Pink-eared duck
Malacorhynchus membranaceus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hardhead
Aythya australis |  | V | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |
New Zealand scaup
(Māori: pāpango)
Aythya novaeseelandiae |  | B | B | ex | ex |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand musk duck
Biziura delautouri |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Auckland Island merganser[b]
Mergus australis |  |  |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |
Chatham merganser
Mergus milleneri |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand stiff-tailed duck
Oxyura vantetsi |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Paradise shelduck

* Mallard (introduced)

* Grey teal

* Brown teal

* New Zealand scaup

## Guineafowl

[edit]

Order: Galliformes   Family: Numididae

The guineafowl are a family of birds native to Africa. They typically eat insects and seeds, are ground-nesting, and resemble partridges, except with featherless heads.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Helmeted guineafowl
Numida meleagris |  | I | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |

## New World quail

[edit]

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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California quail
Callipepla californica |  | I | I |  | I |  |  |  |  |

* California quail (introduced)

## Megapodes

[edit]

Order: Galliformes   Family: Megapodiidae

The megapodes are stocky, medium-large, chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet. Their name literally means "large foot" and is a reference to the heavy legs and feet typical of these terrestrial birds. All are browsers, and all but the malleefowl occupy wooded habitats.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Kermadec megapode
Megapodius sp. nov. 'Raoul Island'  | X[7][8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Pheasants and allies

[edit]

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Indian peafowl
Pavo cristatus |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brown quail
Synoicus ypsilophorus |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand quail
(Māori: koreke)
Coturnix novaezelandiae |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chukar partridge
Alectoris chukar |  |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-legged partridge
Alectoris rufa |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red junglefowl
Gallus gallus |  |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common pheasant
Phasianus colchicus |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wild turkey
Meleagris gallopavo |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Ring-necked pheasant (introduced)

## Grebes

[edit]

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Australasian grebe
Tachybaptus novaehollandiae  |  | B | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hoary-headed grebe
Poliocephalus poliocephalus |  | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |
New Zealand grebe
Poliocephalus rufopectus |  | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Great crested grebe
Podiceps cristatus |  | V | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Pigeons and doves

[edit]

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Rock dove
Columba livia |  | I | I | I | V | V | V |  |  |
African collared dove
Streptopelia roseogrisea |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Spotted dove
Streptopelia chinensis |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rose-crowned fruit dove
Ptilinopus regina |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kererū or New Zealand pigeon
Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham pigeon
(Māori: parea)
Hemiphaga chathamensis |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |

## Cuckoos

[edit]

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Long-tailed koel
(Māori: koekoeā)
Urodynamis taitensis | P | B | B |  | P | P | P |  |  |
Channel-billed cuckoo
Scythrops novaehollandiae |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shining bronze-cuckoo
(Māori: pīpīwharauroa)
Chrysococcyx lucidus | P | B | B | B | B | P | P |  |  |
Pallid cuckoo
Cacomantis pallidus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fan-tailed cuckoo
Cacomantis flabelliformis |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Oriental cuckoo
Cuculus optatus | V | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |

## Owlet-nightjars

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Aegothelidae

The owlet-nightjars are a distinctive group of small nocturnal birds related to swifts found from the Maluku Islands and New Guinea to Australia and New Caledonia.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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New Zealand owlet-nightjar
Aegotheles novaezealandiae |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Swifts

[edit]

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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White-throated needletail
Hirandapus caudacutus | P | P | P | P | P | P |  |  |  |
Pacific swift
Apus pacificus |  | V | V |  | V |  | V |  |  |

## Adzebills

[edit]

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Aptornithidae

The adzebills, genus Aptornis, were two closely related bird species of the extinct family Aptornithidae.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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North Island adzebill
Aptornis otidiformis |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island adzebill
Aptornis defossor |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* North Island adzebill (extinct)

## Rails

[edit]

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Corn crake
Crex crex |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Auckland rail
Lewinia muelleri |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |
Weka
Gallirallus australis |  | B | B | B | I |  |  |  |  |
Buff-banded rail
Gallirallus philippensis |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham rail
Cabalus modestus |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Dieffenbach's rail
Hypotaenidia dieffenbachii |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Snipe-rail
Capellirallus karamu |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hawkins's rail
Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Black-tailed nativehen
Tribonyx ventralis |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hodgens' waterhen
Tribonyx hodgenorum |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian crake
Porzana fluminea |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eurasian moorhen
Gallinula chloropus |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dusky moorhen
Gallinula tenebrosa |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand coot
Fulica prisca |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eurasian coot
Fulica atra |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham coot
Fulica chathamensis |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
North Island takahē
Porphyrio mantelli |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island takahē
Porphyrio hochstetteri |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australasian swamphen or pūkeko
(Māori: pūkeko)
Porphyrio melanotus | I[c] | I | I | I | I |  |  | V |  |
Marsh crake
Zapornia pusilla |  | B | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |
Spotless crake
Zapornia tabuensis | B | B | B |  | ex |  |  |  |  |

* Weka

* Spotless crake

* Pūkeko

* South Island takahē

## Cranes

[edit]

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Brolga
Antigone rubicunda |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Stilts and avocets

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Pied stilt
(Māori: poaka)
Himantopus leucocephalus |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Black stilt
(Māori: kakī)
Himantopus novaezelandiae |  | P | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-necked avocet
Recurvirostra novaehollandiae |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Black stilt

* Pied stilt

## Oystercatchers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open molluscs.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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South Island oystercatcher
(Māori: tōrea)
Haematopus finschi | V | P | B | P | V | V | V | V |  |
Chatham oystercatcher
Haematopus chathamensis |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Variable oystercatcher
(Māori: tōrea pango)
Haematopus unicolor |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |

* Variable oystercatcher

* Chatham oystercatcher

* South Island oystercatcher

## Plovers and lapwings

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Grey plover
Pluvialis squatarola | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
American golden plover
Pluvialis dominica |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pacific golden plover
Pluvialis fulva | P | P | P | P | P |  | V |  |  |
Masked lapwing or spur-wing plover
Vanellus miles | V | B | B | B | B | V | V | V | V |
New Zealand dotterel
(Māori: tūturiwhatu, pukunui, kūkuruatu)
Charadrius obscurus |  | B | B | P |  |  |  |  |  |
Siberian sand plover
Charadrius mongolus |  | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Greater sand plover
Charadrius leschenaulti |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Double-banded plover or banded dotterel
(Māori: pohowera)
Charadrius bicinctus | V | B | B | B | B |  | B | P |  |
Red-capped plover
Charadrius ruficapillus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common ringed plover
Charadrius hiaticula |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Semipalmated plover
Charadrius semipalmatus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Oriental plover
Charadrius veredus | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Red-kneed dotterel
Erythrogonys cinctus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shore plover
(Māori: tuturuatu)
Thinornis novaeseelandiae |  | B | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |
Black-fronted dotterel
Elseyornis melanops |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wrybill
(Māori: ngutu parore)
Anarhynchus frontalis |  | P | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Double-banded plover

* New Zealand dotterel

* Masked lapwing

## Painted-snipes

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Greater painted-snipe
Rostratula benghalensis |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian painted-snipe
Rostratula australis |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Sandpipers and allies

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Upland sandpiper
Bartramia longicauda |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bristle-thighed curlew
Numenius tahitiensis | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eurasian whimbrel
Numenius phaeopus | V | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Little curlew
Numenius minutus |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Far Eastern curlew
Numenius madagascarensis | V | P | P | V | V |  |  | V |  |
Bar-tailed godwit
Limosa lapponica |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black-tailed godwit
Limosa limosa |  | P | P |  | P |  | V |  |  |
Hudsonian godwit
Limosa haemastica |  | P | P |  | P |  |  | V |  |
Ruddy turnstone
Arenaria interpres | V | P | P | P | P | V | P | V | V |
Great knot
Calidris tenuirostris |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red knot
(Māori: huahou)
Calidris canutus | V | P | P |  | P |  | V | V |  |
Ruff
Calidris pugnax |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Broad-billed sandpiper
Calidris falcinellus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sharp-tailed sandpiper
Calidris acuminata | V | P | P | P | P | V | V |  |  |
Stilt sandpiper
Calidris himantopus |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curlew sandpiper
Calidris ferruginea |  | P | P |  | V |  | V |  |  |
Long-toed stint
Calidris subminuta |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-necked stint
Calidris ruficollis |  | P | P |  | V |  | V |  |  |
Sanderling
Calidris alba |  | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Dunlin
Calidris alpina |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Baird's sandpiper
Calidris bairdii |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Little stint
Calidris minuta |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Least sandpiper
Calidris minutilla |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-rumped sandpiper
Calidris fuscicollis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buff-breasted sandpiper
Calidris subruficollis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pectoral sandpiper
Calidris melanotos |  | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Western sandpiper
Calidris mauri |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asian dowitcher
Limnodromus semipalmatus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island snipe
Coenocorypha barrierensis |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island snipe
Coenocorypha iredalei |  |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham snipe
Coenocorypha pusilla |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Forbes's snipe
Coenocorypha chathamica |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Snares snipe
Coenocorypha huegeli |  |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |
Subantarctic snipe
Coenocorypha aucklandica |  |  |  |  |  |  | B | B | B |
Latham's snipe
Gallinago hardwickii |  | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |
Terek sandpiper
Xenus cinereus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wilson's phalarope
Phalaropus tricolor |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-necked phalarope
Phalaropus lobatus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red phalarope
Phalaropus fulicarius |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common sandpiper
Actitis hypoleucos |  | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |
Grey-tailed tattler
Tringa brevipes | V | P | P |  | V | V | V |  |  |
Wandering tattler
Tringa incana | V | P | P |  | V |  | V |  |  |
Common greenshank
Tringa nebularia |  | P | P |  | V | V |  | V |  |
Lesser yellowlegs
Tringa flavipes |  | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Marsh sandpiper
Tringa stagnatilis |  | P | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |

## Pratincoles and coursers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Oriental pratincole
Glareola maldivarum | V | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |

## Skuas

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

They are in general medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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South polar skua
Stercorarius maccormicki | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V
Brown skua
Stercorarius antarcticus | P | P | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | P
Pomarine jaeger
Stercorarius pomarinus |  | P | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |
Parasitic jaeger
Stercorarius parasiticus | V | P | P |  | P |  |  |  | V |
Long-tailed jaeger
Stercorarius longicaudus |  | P | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |

## Gulls, terns, and skimmers

[edit]

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Black-billed gull
Chroicocephalus bulleri |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Silver gull
Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae |  | B | B | B | B | B | B | B |  |
Laughing gull
Leucophaeus atricilla |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin's gull
Leucophaeus pipixcan | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pacific gull
Larus pacificus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kelp gull
(Māori: karoro}
Larus dominicanus | V | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B
Brown noddy
Anous stolidus | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black noddy
Anous minutus | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grey noddy
Anous albivitta | B | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Blue noddy
Anous ceruleus | P | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White tern
Gygis alba | B | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sooty tern
Onychoprion fuscatus | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Spectacled tern
Onychoprion lunatus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bridled tern
Onychoprion anaethetus |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Little tern
Sternula albifrons | V | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Fairy tern
Sternula nereis |  | B | ex |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gull-billed tern
Gelochelidon nilotica |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Caspian tern
(Māori: taranui)
Hydroprogne caspia | V | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Black tern
Chlidonias niger |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-winged tern
Chlidonias leucopterus |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Whiskered tern
Chlidonias hybrida |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black-fronted tern
(Māori: tarapiroe)
Chlidonias albostriatus |  | P | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-fronted tern
Sterna striata |  | B | B | B | B | B | B |  |  |
Black-naped tern
Sterna sumatrana |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common tern
Sterna hirundo |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Arctic tern
Sterna paradisaea |  | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
Antarctic tern
Sterna vittata |  | V | P | B | V | B | B | B | B | B
Greater crested tern
Thalasseus bergii | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Tropicbirds

[edit]

Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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White-tailed tropicbird
Phaethon lepturus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-tailed tropicbird
(Māori: amokura)
Phaethon rubricauda | B | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Red-tailed tropicbird

## Penguins

[edit]

Order: Sphenisciformes   Family: Spheniscidae

The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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King penguin
Aptenodytes patagonicus |  |  | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
Emperor penguin
Aptenodytes forsteri  |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adélie penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae  |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chinstrap penguin
Pygoscelis antarcticus |  |  | V |  |  |  |  | V | V |
Gentoo penguin
Pygoscelis papua |  |  | V |  |  | V |  | V | V |
Little penguin
(Māori: kororā)
Eudyptula minor |  | B | B | B | B | V |  |  |  |
Yellow-eyed penguin
(Māori: hoiho)
Megadyptes antipodes |  | ex[d] | B | B | ex[e] | V | B | B |  |
Magellanic penguin
Spheniscus magellanicus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fiordland penguin
(Māori: tawaki, pokotiwha)
Eudyptes pachyrhynchus |  | V | B | B |  | V | V | V |  |
Snares penguin
Eudyptes robustus |  | V | V | V | V | B | V | V | V |
Erect-crested penguin
Eudyptes sclateri |  | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | B | B
Western rockhopper penguin
Eudyptes chrysocome |  |  |  |  |  | V |  |  |  |
Northern rockhopper penguin
Eudyptes moseleyi |  | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Royal penguin
Eudyptes schlegeli  |  | V | V |  | V | V |  | V | V |
Macaroni penguin
Eudyptes chrysolophus  |  |  |  |  |  | V |  | V |  |
Chatham penguin
Eudyptes warhami |  |  |  |  | X  |  |  |  |  |

* Fiordland penguin

* Yellow-eyed penguin

* Little penguin

## Albatrosses

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Indian yellow-nosed albatross
Thalassarche carteri | P | P | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |
Grey-headed albatross
Thalassarche chrysostoma | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | B | P | P
Buller's albatross
Thalassarche bulleri | P | P | B | P | B | B | P | P | P | P
Shy albatross
Thalassarche cauta | P | P | P | P | B | P | B | P | B | P
Salvin's albatross
Thalassarche salvini | P | P | P | P | P | B | P | P | P | B
Chatham albatross
Thalassarche eremita | P | P | P | P | B | P | P | P | P |
Black-browed albatross
Thalassarche melanophris | P | P | P | P | P | B | P | B | B | P
Sooty albatross
Phoebetria fusca |  |  |  |  | V |  | V | V | V |
Light-mantled albatross
Phoebetria palpebrata |  | P | P | P | P | P | B | B | B | P
Southern royal albatross
Diomedea epomophora |  |  | B  |  |  |  | B  | B  |  |
Northern royal albatross
Diomedea sanfordi |  |  | B  |  | B  |  | B  |  |  |
Wandering albatross
Diomedea exulans | P
Laysan albatross
Phoebastria immutabilis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black-footed albatross
Phoebastria nigripes |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Royal albatross

* White-capped albatross

* Chatham albatross

## Austral storm petrels

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Oceanitidae

The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Wilson's storm petrel
Oceanites oceanicus | P
Grey-backed storm petrel
Garrodia nereis |  | P | P | P | B | P | B | P | B | P
White-faced storm petrel
Pelagodroma marina | B | B | B | B | B | P | B | P | P | P
White-bellied storm petrel
Fregetta grallaria | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand storm petrel
Fregetta maoriana |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Black-bellied storm petrel
Fregetta tropica | P | P | P | P | P | P | B | P | B | B

* White-faced storm-petrel

* Grey-backed storm-petrel

## Northern storm petrels

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

Northern storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Leach's storm petrel
Hydrobates leucorhous |  | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Swinhoe's storm petrel
Hydrobates monorhis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Leach's storm-petrel

## Petrels and shearwaters

[edit]

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Southern giant petrel
Macronectes giganteus | P
Northern giant petrel
Macronectes halli |  | P | P | P | B | P | B | B | B |
Northern fulmar
Fulmarus glacialis |  |  |  |  |  | V |  |  |  |
Southern fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides | P
Antarctic petrel
Thalassoica antarctica | V
Cape petrel
Daption capense |  | P | P | P | B | B | B | B | B | B
Snow petrel
Pagodroma nivea |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kerguelen petrel
Aphrodroma brevirostris |  | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P
Great-winged petrel
Pterodroma macroptera |  | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grey-faced petrel
Pterodroma gouldi | P | B | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P
Kermadec petrel
Pterodroma neglecta | B | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Magenta petrel
Pterodroma magentae |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Herald petrel
Pterodroma heraldica | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Providence petrel
Pterodroma solandri | V | V |  |  |  |  | V |  |  |
Soft-plumaged petrel
Pterodroma mollis |  | P | P | P | B | P | P | P | B | P
White-headed petrel
Pterodroma lessonii |  | P | P | P | P | P | B | B? | B | P
Mottled petrel
Pterodroma inexpectata | P | P | B | B | P | B | P | P | P | P
Juan Fernández petrel
Pterodroma externa | V | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
White-necked petrel
Pterodroma cervicalis | B | P | P | P |  |  |  |  |  |
Black-winged petrel
Pterodroma nigripennis | B | B | P |  | B |  | P | P | P | P
Chatham petrel
Pterodroma axillaris |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Cook's petrel
Pterodroma cookii | P | B | P | B | P | P | P | P | P | P
Gould's petrel
Pterodroma leucoptera |  | P | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collared petrel
Pterodroma brevipes |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stejneger's petrel
Pterodroma longirostris | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pycroft's petrel
Pterodroma pycrofti | V | B |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Phoenix petrel
Pterodroma alba | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Imber's petrel
Pterodroma imberi |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty
Blue petrel
Halobaena caerulea | P
Fairy prion
Pachyptila turtur | P | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | P
Broad-billed prion
Pachyptila vittata | P | P | B | B | B | B | P | P | P | P
Salvin's prion
Pachyptila salvini | P
Antarctic prion
Pachyptila desolata | P | P | P | P | P | P | B | B | P | P
Slender-billed prion
Pachyptila belcheri | P
Fulmar prion
Pachyptila crassirostris | P | P | P | P | B | B | B | P | P | B
Bulwer's petrel
Bulweria bulwerii |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tahiti petrel
Pseudobulweria rostrata |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grey petrel
Procellaria cinerea | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | B | B | P
White-chinned petrel
Procellaria aequinoctialis | P | P | P | P | P | P | B | B | B | P
Black petrel
Procellaria parkinsoni | P | B | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |
Westland petrel
Procellaria westlandica | P | P | B | P | P | P | P | P | P | P
Streaked shearwater
Calonectris leucomelas |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cory's shearwater
Calonectris borealis |  | V[9] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pink-footed shearwater
Ardenna creatopus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Flesh-footed shearwater
Ardenna carneipes | P | B | P |  | P |  |  |  |  |
Great shearwater
Ardenna gravis |  | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Wedge-tailed shearwater
Ardenna pacifica | B | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buller's shearwater
Ardenna bulleri | P | B | P | P | P | P |  |  |  |
Sooty shearwater
(Māori: tītī)
Ardenna grisea | P | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | P
Short-tailed shearwater
Ardenna tenuirostris | P
Christmas shearwater
Puffinus nativitatis | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manx shearwater
Puffinus puffinus |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hutton's shearwater
Puffinus huttoni  |  | P | B | P |  | P |  |  |  |
Newell's shearwater
Puffinus newelli |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fluttering shearwater
Puffinus gavia | P | B | P | P | P | P |  |  |  |
Scarlett's shearwater
Puffinus spelaeus |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Little shearwater
Puffinus assimilis | B | B | P |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subantarctic shearwater
Puffinus elegans |  | P | P | P | B | P | P | B | P | P
Common diving petrel
Pelecanoides urinatrix |  | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B |
South Georgia diving petrel
Pelecanoides georgicus |  |  | B | ex |  |  | ex |  |  |

* Mottled petrel

* Buller's shearwater

* Hutton's shearwater

## Frigatebirds

[edit]

Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Lesser frigatebird
Fregata ariel |  | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Great frigatebird
Fregata minor |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Boobies and gannets

[edit]

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Masked booby
Sula dactylatra | B | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brown booby
Sula leucogaster | P | P | P | V |  |  |  |  |  |
Red-footed booby
Sula sula | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cape gannet
Morus capensis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australasian gannet or tākapu
Morus serrator |  | B | B | P | P | P | P | P |  |

* Australasian gannet

## Darters

[edit]

Order: Suliformes   Family: Anhingidae

Anhingas or darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Australasian darter
Anhinga novaehollandiae |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Cormorants and shags

[edit]

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Little pied cormorant
(Māori: kawaupaka)
Microcarbo melanoleucos |  | B | B | B | V | V | V | V |  |
Great cormorant
(Māori: kawau)
Phalacrocorax carbo |  | B | B | B | V | V | V |  |  |
Spotted shag
Phalacrocorax punctatus |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pitt shag
Phalacrocorax featherstoni |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Little black cormorant
Phalacrocorax sulcirostris |  | B | B | V |  | V |  |  |  |
Australian pied cormorant
(Māori: kāruhiruhi)
Phalacrocorax varius |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bounty shag
Leucocarbo ranfurlyi |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | V | B
New Zealand king shag
Leucocarbo carunculatus |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Otago shag
Leucocarbo chalconotus |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foveaux shag
Leucocarbo stewarti |  |  |  | B  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham shag
Leucocarbo onslowi |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Auckland shag
Leucocarbo colensoi |  |  |  |  |  | V | B |  |  |
Campbell shag
Leucocarbo campbelli |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |  |
Macquarie shag
Leucocarbo purpurascens |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | V |

* Little shag

* Black shag

* Little black shag

## Pelicans

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Australian pelican
Pelecanus conspicillatus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Herons, egrets, and bitterns

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Australasian bittern
Botaurus poiciloptilus |  | P | P | P | P |  |  |  |  |
Black-backed bittern
Ixobrychus dubius |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand bittern
Ixobrychus novaezelandiae |  | X | X |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Grey heron
Ardea cinerea |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-necked heron
Ardea pacifica | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Great egret
(Māori: kōtuku)
Ardea alba | V | P | B | V | V | V |  |  |  |
Plumed egret
Ardea intermedia plumifera |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-faced heron
Egretta novaehollandiae | V | B | B | V | B | V | V | V |  |
Little egret
Egretta garzetta | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pacific reef heron
Egretta sacra | V | B | B | P | V |  | V |  |  |
Eastern cattle egret
Ardea coromanda | V | P | P | P | V | V |  |  |  |
Nankeen night heron
Nycticorax caledonicus |  | B | V | V |  | V |  |  |  |

* White heron

* White-faced heron

* Reef heron

## Ibises and spoonbills

[edit]

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Glossy ibis
Plegadis falcinellus |  | P | P |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Australian white ibis
Threskiornis molucca |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Straw-necked ibis
Threskiornis spinicollis |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Royal spoonbill
Platalea regia | V | B | B |  | V |  |  |  |  |
Yellow-billed spoonbill
Platalea flavipes |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* Royal spoonbill

## Hawks, eagles, and kites

[edit]

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and includes the osprey, hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Swamp harrier
(Māori: kāhu)
Circus approximans | P | I[f] | I | I | I | P | P | P |  |
Black kite
Milvus migrans |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eyles's harrier
Circus teauteensis |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Haast's eagle
Hieraaetus moorei |  |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |
White-bellied sea eagle
Haliaeetus leucogaster |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## True owls

[edit]

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Little owl
Athene noctua |  |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Morepork
(Māori: ruru)
Ninox novaeseelandiae |  | B | B | B |  | V |  |  |  |
Laughing owl
(Māori: whēkau)
Ninox albifacies |  | X | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |

## Barn owls

[edit]

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Barn owl
Tyto alba |  | B[10] | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Kingfishers

[edit]

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Laughing kookaburra
Dacelo novaeguineae |  | I | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sacred kingfisher
(Māori: kōtare)
Todiramphus sanctus | B | B | B | B | V |  |  |  |  |

## Rollers

[edit]

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Oriental dollarbird
Eurystomus orientalis |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Falcons and caracaras

[edit]

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Nankeen kestrel
Falco cenchroides |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand falcon
(Māori: kārearea)
Falco novaeseelandiae |  | B | B | P | ex | P | B |  |  |
Black falcon
Falco subniger |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Kea and kākā

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Nestoridae

The genus Nestor is the type and only extant genus of the parrot family Nestoridae.[11] The genus Nestor contains two extant parrot species from New Zealand and two extinct species from Norfolk Island, Australia and Chatham Island, New Zealand, respectively.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Kea
Nestor notabilis |  | ex | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kākā
Nestor meridionalis |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Chatham kākā
Nestor chathamensis |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |

## Kākāpō

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Strigopidae

The kākāpō, also known as owl parrot (Strigops habroptilus), is a species of large, flightless, nocturnal, ground-dwelling parrot of the super-family Strigopoidea, endemic to New Zealand.[12]

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Kākāpō
Strigops habroptilus |  | B | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |

## Cockatoos

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Cacatuidae

The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Galah
Eolophus roseicapilla |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sulphur-crested cockatoo
Cacatua galerita |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Old world parrots

[edit]

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Rose-ringed parakeet
Psittacula krameri |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Antipodes parakeet
Cyanoramphus unicolor |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |
Red-crowned parakeet
(Māori: kākāriki)
Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae | B | B | B | B | B |  | B |  |  |
Reischek's parakeet
Cyanoramphus hochstetteri |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B |
Yellow-crowned parakeet
(Māori: kākāriki)
Cyanoramphus auriceps |  | B | B | B |  |  | B |  |  |
Chatham parakeet
Cyanoramphus forbesi |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |
Malherbe's parakeet
(Māori: kākāriki karaka)
Cyanoramphus malherbi |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Crimson rosella
Platycercus elegans |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eastern rosella
Platycercus eximius |  | I | I | V |  |  |  |  |  |
Rainbow lorikeet
Trichoglossus moluccanus |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## New Zealand wrens

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acanthisittidae

The New Zealand wrens are a family (Acanthisittidae) of tiny passerines endemic to New Zealand. They were represented by six known species in four or five genera, although only two species survive in two genera today. They are understood to form a distinct lineage within the passerines, but authorities differ on their assignment to the oscines or suboscines (the two suborders that between them make up the Passeriformes).

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Lyall's wren
Traversia lyalli |  | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rifleman
(Māori: titipounamu)
Acanthisitta chloris |  | B | B | ex |  |  |  |  |  |
Bushwren
(Māori: mātuhituhi)
Xenicus longipes |  | X | X | X |  |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand rock wren
(Māori: pīwauwau)
Xenicus gilviventris |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island stout-legged wren
Xenicus jagmi |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island stout-legged wren
Xenicus yaldwyni |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-billed wren
Dendroscansor decurvirostris |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Honeyeaters

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Meliphagidae

The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family, Meliphagidae, of small to medium-sized birds. The family includes the Australian chats, myzomelas, friarbirds, wattlebirds, miners and melidectes. They are most common in Australia and New Guinea, but also found in New Zealand, the Pacific islands as far east as Samoa and Tonga, and the islands to the north and west of New Guinea known as Wallacea.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Tūī
Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae | B | B | B | B | B |  | B |  |  |
New Zealand bellbird
(Māori: korimako)
Anthornis melanura |  | B | B | B |  | B | V |  |  |
Chatham bellbird
Anthornis melanocephala |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
Red wattlebird
Anthochaera carunculata |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Scrubwrens, thornbills, and gerygones

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acanthizidae

The Acanthizidae are small- to medium-sized birds with short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Grey warbler
(Māori: riroriro)
Gerygone igata |  | B | B | B |  | V |  |  |  |
Chatham gerygone
Gerygone albofrontata |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |

## Cuckooshrikes and trillers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Black-faced cuckooshrike
Coracina novaehollandiae |  | V | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |
White-winged triller
Lalage tricolor |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Whiteheads

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mohouidae

Mohoua is a small genus of three bird species endemic to New Zealand. The scientific name is taken from mohua – the Māori name for the yellowhead.[13] Their taxonomic placement has presented problems: They have typically been placed in the whistler family, Pachycephalidae, but in 2013 it was established that they are best placed in their own family, Mohouidae.[14]

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Whitehead
(Māori: pōpokotea)
Mohoua albicilla |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Yellowhead
(Māori: mohua)
Mohoua ochrocephala |  |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Pipipi
(Māori: pīpipi)
Mohoua novaeseelandiae |  |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |

## Old World orioles

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds which are not closely related to the New World orioles

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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South Island piopio
Turnagra capensis |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island piopio
Turnagra tanagra |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Masked woodswallow
Artamus personatus |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
White-browed woodswallow
Artamus superciliosus |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dusky woodswallow
Artamus cyanopterus |  |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian magpie
Gymnorhina tibicen |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Fantails

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Rhipiduridae

The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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New Zealand fantail
(Māori: pīwakawaka)
Rhipidura fuliginosa |  | B | B | B | B | ex |  |  |  |
Willie wagtail
Rhipidura leucophrys |  |  |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |

## Monarch flycatchers

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by gleaning, hovering or flycatching.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Black-faced monarch
Monarcha melanopsis |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Magpie-lark
Grallina cyanoleuca |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Satin flycatcher
Myiagra cyanoleuca |  | V | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Crows, jays, and magpies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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New Zealand raven
Corvus moriorum |  | X | X | X | X |  |  |  |  |
Rook
Corvus frugilegus |  | I | I | I | I |  |  |  |  |

## New Zealand wattlebirds

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Callaeidae

Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kōkako is critically endangered and may be extinct.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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North Island kōkako
Callaeas wilsoni |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island kōkako
Callaeas cinereus |  |  | B? | ex |  |  |  |  |  |
North Island saddleback
Philesturnus rufusater |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island saddleback
Philesturnus carunculatus |  |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Huia
Heteralocha acutirostris |  | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Stitchbird

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Notiomystidae

The stitchbird or hihi (Notiomystis cincta) is a honeyeater-like bird endemic to the North Island and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. Its evolutionary relationships have long puzzled ornithologists, but it is now classed as the only member of its own family, the Notiomystidae.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Stitchbird
(Māori: hihi)
Notiomystis cincta |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Australasian robins

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Petroicidae

The bird family Petroicidae includes 49 species in 19 genera. All are endemic to Australasia: New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and numerous Pacific Islands as far east as Samoa. For want of an accurate common name, the family is often called the Australasian robins. Within the family the species are known not only as robins but as scrub-robins and flyrobins. They are, however, only distantly related to the Old World family Muscicapidae (to which other species with such names belong) and the monarch flycatchers (Monarchidae).

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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North Island robin
Petroica longipes |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
South Island robin
Petroica australis |  |  | B | B |  |  |  |  |  |
Tomtit
(Māori: miromiro)
Petroica macrocephala |  | B | B | B | B | B | B |  |  |
Black robin
Petroica traversi |  |  |  |  | B |  |  |  |  |

## Larks

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Eurasian skylark
Alauda arvensis |  | I | I |  | I |  |  |  |  |

## Reed warblers and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Australian reed warbler
Acrocephalus australis |  |  | V |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Grassbirds and allies

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Chatham fernbird
Poodytes rufescens |  |  |  |  | X |  |  |  |  |
New Zealand fernbird
(Māori: kōtātā or mātātā)
Poodytes punctatus |  | B | B | B |  | B |  |  |  |

## Swallows

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Welcome swallow
Hirundo neoxena | B | B | B | B | B | P | P | V |  |
Fairy martin
Petrochelidon ariel |  | V | V |  |  | V |  |  |  |
Tree martin
Petrochelidon nigricans |  | V | V |  | V | V |  |  |  |

## Bulbuls

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red, or orange vents, cheeks, throats, or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Red-vented bulbul
Pycnonotus cafer |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## White-eyes

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Silvereye
(Māori: tauhou)
Zosterops lateralis | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B |

## Starlings

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Common starling
Sturnus vulgaris | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | V
Common myna
Acridotheres tristis |  | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Thrushes

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Song thrush
Turdus philomelos | I | I | I | I | I | I | V | V | V |
Common blackbird
Turdus merula | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | V |

## Accentors

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

The accentors are a genus of birds in the family Prunellidae, which is the only bird family endemic to the Palearctic.[15] This small group of closely related passerines are all in the genus Prunella.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Dunnock
Prunella modularis |  | I | I | I | I | V | B | B | B |

## Old World sparrows

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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House sparrow
Passer domesticus |  | I | I | I | I | V | V | V | V |

## Wagtails and pipits

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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New Zealand pipit
(Māori: pīhoihoi)
Anthus novaeseelandiae | V | B | B | B | B | V | B |  | B |

## True finches

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Common chaffinch
Fringilla coelebs | V | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | V |
European greenfinch
Chloris chloris | V | I | I | I | I | V |  | V |  |
Redpoll
Acanthis flammea | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |
European goldfinch
Carduelis carduelis | V | I | I | I | I | V | V | V | V |

## Old World buntings

[edit]

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Species | Kermadecs | North I | South I | Stewart | Chathams | Snares | Auckland | Campbell | Antipodes | Bounty

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Cirl bunting
Emberiza cirlus |  | I | I |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Yellowhammer
Emberiza citrinella | I | I | I | I | I | V | V | V | V |

## See also

[edit]

* List of birds of Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica
* Lists of birds by region
* List of endemic birds of New Zealand
* Fauna of New Zealand

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ In 1864, the Australian black swan was introduced to New Zealand as an ornamental waterfowl. Black swans have also naturally flown to New Zealand, leading scientists to consider them a native rather than exotic species, although the present population appears to be largely descended from deliberate introductions. See the article black swan for details.
2. ^ The species identity of merganser bones from mainland New Zealand - North, South, and Stewart Islands - is unresolved. See the article Auckland Island merganser for details.
3. ^ The pūkeko is probably an introduced species. All known fossils of pūkeko in New Zealand are less than 400 years old, and the Māori state that their ancestors brought these birds to New Zealand in canoes. See the article Australasian swamphen for details.
4. ^ The subspecies M. a. waitaha from the North Island, South Island, and Stewart Island is extinct. The subspecies M. a. antipodes from the subantarctic islands has colonised Stewart Island and part of the South Island, but not the North Island. See the article yellow-eyed penguin for details.
5. ^ The endemic dwarf subspecies M. a. richdalei is extinct. In other words, the breeding population of yellow-eyed penguins from the Chatham Islands is extirpated. The modern population M. a. antipodes is vagrant. See the article yellow-eyed penguin for details.
6. ^ The swamp harrier was indirectly introduced by human activity. Eyles's harrier (Circus teauteensis), a larger harrier species endemic to New Zealand, became extinct after human settlement. The swamp harrier arrived in New Zealand within the last 700 years, replacing its sister species. There is no evidence for widespread coexistence of swamp and Eyles's harriers in New Zealand. Apparently, despite their considerable differences, the two harriers were still ecologically similar enough to competitively exclude one another, and only when the endemic Eyles's harrier became extinct could the swamp harrier become established. See the article swamp harrier for details.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved 25 October 2022.
2. ^ Lepage, Denis (1 October 2022). "Checklist of Birds of New Zealand". Avibase. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
3. ^ Checklist Committee, Ornithological Society of New Zealand (2010). Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica (PDF) (4th ed.). Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-877385-59-9. Retrieved 27 November 2019 – via New Zealand Birds Online.
4. ^ Baker, Allan J.; Huynen, Leon J.; Haddrath, Oliver; Millar, Craig D.; Lambert, David M. (7 June 2005). "Reconstructing the tempo and mode of evolution in an extinct clade of birds with ancient DNA: The giant moas of New Zealand". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (23): 8257–8262\. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.8257B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0409435102. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1149408. PMID 15928096.
5. ^ "moa | Size, Extinction, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
6. ^ Checklist Committee, Ornithological Society of New Zealand (2010). Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica (PDF) (4th ed.). Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand. pp. 33–34\. ISBN 978-1-877385-59-9 – via New Zealand Birds Online.
7. ^ Hume, J.P. (2017) Extinct Birds. Bloomsbury Publishing, 560 pages.
8. ^ Recently Extinct Species
9. ^ "Cory's shearwater | New Zealand Birds Online". nzbirdsonline.org.nz. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
10. ^ "NZ Birds of Prey / Native / Barn Owl". Wingspan Birds of Prey Trust. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
11. ^ Joseph, Leo; et al. (2012). "A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3205: 26–40\. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2.
12. ^ Best, H. A. (1984). "The foods of kakapo on Stewart Island as determined from their feeding sign" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Ecology. 7: 71–83. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
13. ^ "Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds"; Volume 7, edited by Peter Higgins, OUP, 2000.
14. ^ Zachary Aidala et al. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Mohoua, endemic hosts of New Zealand's obligate brood parasitic Long-tailed Cuckoo (Eudynamys taitensis). Journal of Ornithology, published online June, 2013; doi: 10.1007/s10336-013-0978-8
15. ^ Liu, B. et al. (2017) Explosive radiation and spatial expansion across the cold environments of the Old World in an avian family. Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3136

* Heather, Barrie; Robertson, Hugh (1996). The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. ISBN 0-670-86911-2
* Collinson, Martin (June 2006). "Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists" British Birds vol 99, pp. 306–323.

## External links

[edit]

* New Zealand Birds Online A comprehensive guide, maintained by Birds New Zealand, the Department of Conservation, and Te Papa.
* CSV file with names from New Zealand Birds online A list of all New Zealand birds including common and scientific names, derived from New Zealand Birds Online.
* New Zealand birds A–Z, Department of Conservation
* WhatBird A tool for identifying birds that are likely to be encountered in and around New Zealand forests (not intended to be a complete database of the birds of New Zealand).
* TerraNature New Zealand native birds list.

* v
* t
* e

Birds of New Zealand

Common
birds|

* Bellbird (korimako)
* Black-billed gull (tarāpuka)
* Brown creeper (pipipi)
* Brown teal (pāteke)
* Buff-banded rail (moho-pererū)
* Dabchick (weweia)
* Double-banded plover (pohowera)
* New Zealand falcon (kārearea)
* Fantail (pīwakawaka)
* Grey warbler (riroriro)
* Grey-faced petrel (ōi)
* Sacred kingfisher (kōtare)
* Long-tailed cuckoo (koekoeā)
* Kererū
* Pipit (pīhoihoi)
* New Zealand dotterel (tūturiwhatu)
* South Island robin
* North Island robin
* New Zealand scaup (pāpango)
* Paradise shelduck (pūtangitangi)
* Pūkeko
* Rifleman (tītipounamu)
* New Zealand rock wren (pīwauwau)
* Shining cuckoo (pīpīwharauroa)
* Silvereye (tauhou)
* South Island oystercatcher (tōrea)
* Spotted shag (pārekareka)
* Tomtit (miromiro)
* Tūī
* Variable oystercatcher (tōrea pango)
* White-fronted tern (tara)
* Whitehead (pōpokotea)
* Wrybill (ngutuparore)

Flightless
birds|

* Great spotted kiwi (roroa)
* Little spotted kiwi (kiwi pukupuku)
* North Island brown kiwi (roroa)
* Okarito kiwi (rowi)
* Southern brown kiwi (tokoeka)
* Yellow-eyed penguin (hoiho)
* Kākāpō
* South Island takahē
* Fiordland penguin (tawaki)
* Weka
* Blue penguin (kororā)

Endangered
endemic birds
(flying)|

* Black-fronted tern (tarapiroe)
* Black stilt (kakī)
* Blue duck (whio)
* Fernbird (mātātā)
* Foveaux shag
* Kākā
* Kea
* North Island kōkako
* South Island kōkako
* New Zealand fairy tern (tara-iti)
* New Zealand king shag (kawau tūī)
* New Zealand storm petrel (takahikare)
* Northern royal albatross
* Otago shag (Matapo)
* Orange-fronted parakeet (kākāriki karaka)
* Red-billed gull (tarāpunga)
* North Island saddleback (tīeke)
* South Island saddleback (tīeke)
* Shore plover (tūturuatu)
* Stitchbird (hihi)
* Yellowhead (mōhua)

Chatham Islands
birds|

* Black robin (karure)
* Chatham albatross (toroa)
* Chatham gerygone
* Chatham oystercatcher (tōrea)
* Chatham parakeet
* Chatham petrel (ranguru)
* Chatham pigeon (parea)
* Chatham shag (papua)
* Chatham snipe
* Magenta petrel (tāiko)
* Pitt shag (kawau o rangihaute)

Subantarctic islands
birds|

* Antipodean albatross (Toroa)
* Auckland rail
* Auckland shag
* Auckland teal (tētē kākāriki)
* Antipodes parakeet
* Bounty shag
* Campbell albatross
* Campbell shag
* Campbell teal
* Erect-crested penguin (tawaki nana hī)
* Reischek's parakeet
* Snares snipe
* Snares penguin (pokotiwha)
* Subantarctic snipe (tutukiwi)

Extinct
birds|

* South Island piopio (piopio)
* New Zealand bittern (kaoriki)
* New Zealand quail (koreke)
* Huia
* Haast's eagle
* Moa
* North Island adzebill
* South Island adzebill
* Auckland Island merganser (rakiraki maungahuka)
* Chatham Island merganser
* Bushwren (mātuhituhi)
* Long-billed wren
* South Island stout-legged wren
* North Island stout-legged wren
* Lyall's wren
* Chatham kākā
* Laughing owl (whēkau)
* Chatham penguin
* Waitaha penguin
* Eyles' harrier (kērangi)
* North Island little spotted kiwi
* North Island snipe
* South Island snipe
* Forbes's snipe
* Snipe-rail
* Imber's petrel
* Scarlett's shearwater (ōiruki)
* North Island takahē (moho)
* New Zealand goose
* Finsch's duck (manutahora)
* New Zealand owlet-nightjar (ruru hinapō)
* New Zealand musk duck
* New Zealand swan (poūwa)

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