List of college literary societies

The following is a list of college literary societies by country.

## Australian college literary societies

[edit]

## Canadian college literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date and range  | Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

Levana Debating Society |  | Queen's University at Kingston | Kingston, Ontario, Canada  | Inactive  | [1][a]
Queen's Alma Mater Society  | 1858  | Queen's University at Kingston | Kingston, Ontario, Canada  |  | [1]
Queen's Debating Union | 1843  | Queen's University at Kingston | Kingston, Ontario, Canada  | Active  | [1][b]
University College Literary and Athletic Society | February 22, 1854 | University College, Toronto | Toronto, Ontario, Canada  | Active  | [2]

## Indian college literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date and range  | Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

Eulexian Society | 1860  | St. Stephen's College, Delhi | University Enclave, New Delhi, India | Inactive  | [3]
English Literary Society |  | Shri Ram College of Commerce | Delhi, India | Active  | [4]
English Literary Society |  | Guru Nanak Khalsa College for Women | Ludhiana, India  | Active  | [5]
English Literary Society |  | St. Joseph's College, Bangalore | Bangalore, India | Active  | [6]
The English Literary Society |  | St. Stephen's College, Delhi | University Enclave, New Delhi, India | Active  | [7]

## Irish college literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date and range  | Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

Literary & Debating Society | 1846  | University of Galway | Galway, Ireland | Active  | [8][c]
English & Literary Society (LitSoc) |  | University College Dublin | Dublin, Ireland | Active  | [9]

## United Kingdom college literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date and range  | Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

The English Society |  | St. John's College, Cambridge | Cambridge, England  | Active  | [10]
The English Society |  | University of Manchester | Manchester, England | Active  | [11]
Shirley Society | 1919  | St Catharine's College, Cambridge | Cambridge, England  | Active  | [12]

## United States men's literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date

and range

| Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

Addisonian Society | 1851  | Kentucky Military Institute | Lyndon, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Addisonian Society | 1861  | Wayland Baptist University | Plainview, Texas | Inactive  | [3]
Adelphean Society | 1851  | Wesleyan University | Middletown, Connecticut | Inactive  | [3]
Adelphene Society | 1868  | Union Christian College, Merom | Merom, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Adelphian Society | 1860  | Furman University | Greenville, South Carolina | Inactive  | [13]
Adelphic Society | 1860  | Northwestern University | Evanston, Illinois | Inactive  | [14]
Adelphi Society | 1845  | Knox College | Galesburg, Illinois | Inactive  | [15]
Adelphi Society | 1842  | Howard College | Birmingham, Alabama | Inactive  | [16]
Adelphian Society | July 24, 1840 – December 10, 1880  | Colgate University | Hamilton, New York | Inactive  | [17][d]
Adelphian Society | 1858  | Cornell College | Mount Vernon, Iowa | Inactive  | [3]
Adelphic Society | 1796  | Union College | Schenectady, New York | Inactive  | [18]
Adelphic Society | 1831–1840  | Western Reserve University | Hudson, Ohio | Inactive  | [19]
Adelphic Society | 1872  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [20]
Adelphic Union Literary Society | 1870  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21]
Aeonian Society | July 24, 1840 – 1887  | Colgate University | Hamilton, New York | Inactive  | [22][17]
Agatheridan Society | 1825  | University of Nashville | Nashville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [3]
Alka Society | 1866  | Willamette University | Salem, Oregon | Inactive  | [23]
Alamo Society | 1873  | Southwestern University | Georgetown, Texas | Inactive  | [24]
Alethezethian Society | 1854  | Antioch College | Yellow Springs, Ohio | Inactive  | [25]
Alethean Society | 1855  | Baldwin University | Berea, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Alethean Society | 1859  | Beloit College | Beloit, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3]
Alethean Society | 1881  | Southwestern University | Georgetown, Texas | Inactive  | [24]
Alethearian Society | 1849  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [20]
Alexandrian Society | 1821  | Amherst College | Amherst, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [26]
Alfreidian Lyceum Society | 1846  | Alfred University | Alfred, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Alleghenian Lyceum Society | 1851  | Alfred University | Alfred, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Allegheny Society | 1835  | Allegheny College | Meadville, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Alpha Delta Society | 1868  | Hiram College | Hiram, Ohio | Inactive  | [27]
Alpha Kappa Phi Society | 1857  | Hillsdale College | Hillsdale, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Alpha Kappa Society | 1839  | Marietta College | Marietta, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Alpha Nu Society | 1843  | University of Michigan | Ann Arbor, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Alpha Omega Delta Literary Society | 1947  | Bob Jones University | Greenville, South Carolina | Active  | [28]
Alpha Sigma | 1882  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21][29]
American Whig Society | 1765–1928  | Princeton University | Princeton, New Jersey | Inactive  | [30]
American Whig-Cliosophic Society | 1928  | Princeton University | Princeton, New Jersey | Active  | [31]
Amphictyon Society | 1853  | Cornell College | Mount Vernon, Iowa | Inactive  | [3]
Amphictyon Society | 1851  | Lawrence University | Appleton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [26]
Amphictyon Society | 1857  | Hillsdale College | Hillsdale, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Animi Cultus | 1867–1882  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21][e]
Archaean Society | 1859  | Beloit College | Beloit, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3]
Archanian Society | March 27, 1954 | University of the Pacific | Stockton, California | Active  | [32]
Aristotelian Society | 1854  | Central Methodist University | Fayette, Missouri | Inactive  | [26]
Aristotelian Society | December 6, 1867 | Harlem Springs College | Harlem Springs, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Aristonian Society | 1870  | Wheaton College | Wheaton, Illinois | Inactive  | [33]
Atheneum Society | 1870  | Willamette University | Salem, Oregon | Inactive  | [23]
Arkansas Literary and Debating Society | 1879  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Athena | 1916–1933  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Athena Society | 1858  | Lawrence University | Appleton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [26]
Athenaean Society | 1802–1887  | Bowdoin College | Brunswick, Maine | Inactive  | [18][36]
Athenaeum Society | 1824  | Trinity College | Hartford, Connecticut | Inactive  | [26]
Athenaeum Society | 1860  | University of Chicago | Chicago, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Athenaean Society | 1869  | King College | Bristol, Tennessee | Inactive  | [26]
Atheniaedes Society | 1845  | Albion College | Albion, Michigan | Inactive  | [37]
Athenian Literary Society | 1900  | Ouachita Baptist University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Athenian Society | 1776–1786  | Rutgers University | New Brunswick, New Jersey | Inactive  | [30][39]
Athenian Society | 1821  | Amherst College | Amherst, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [26]
Athenian Society | 1830  | Indiana University Bloomington | Bloomington, Indiana | Inactive  | [40]
Athenian Society | 1850  | University of Wisconsin | Madison, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [41]
Athenian Society | 1851  | Ohio Wesleyan University | Delaware, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Athenian Society | 1867  | Tennessee Wesleyan College | Athens, Tennessee | Inactive  | [26]
Bachelor Society | 1870  | Iowa State University | Ames, Iowa | Inactive  | [26]
Baconian Society | 1870–1906  | State University of New York at Potsdam | Potsdam, New York | Inactive  | [42][43]
Bainonian | 1875  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21]
Basilian Society | 1869  | Niagara University | Lewiston, New York | Inactive  | [26]
Belles Lettres Society | 1786  | Dartmouth College | Hanover, New Hampshire | Active  | [44][45]
Belles Lettres Society | 1786  | Dickinson College | Carlisle, Pennsylvania | Active  | [46]
Belles Letters Society | 1859  | Illinois Wesleyan University | Bloomington, Illinois | Inactive  | [47]
Belles Letters Society | 1850  | Lycoming College | Williamsport, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Belles Letters Society | 1851  | MacMurray College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Inactive  | [48]
Belles Lettres Society | 1859  | Southern University | Greensboro, Alabama | Inactive  | [49][50]
Beltionian Society | 1856  | Wheaton College | Wheaton, Illinois | Inactive  | [33]
Benjamin Franklin Literary and Debating Society | 2015  | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Active  | [51]
Berean Society | 1861  | University of Chicago | Chicago, Illinois | Inactive  | [52]
Beth-Hacma | 1829–1860s  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21][f]
Beth-Hacma ve Berith | 1834  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21][f]
Bettina Society | 1871  | German Wallace College | Berea, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Bonhommian Society | 1871  | Highland University | Highland, Kansas | Inactive  | [3]
Brothers in Unity | 1768–1870s, 2022  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Active  | [30]
Brown Debating Club | September 1866 | Stockwell Collegiate Institute | Stockwell, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Burke Society | 2010  | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Active  | [51][53][54]
Byronic Literary Society | December 6, 1867 | Harlem Springs College | Harlem Springs, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Calhoun Society | 1854  | Wofford College | Spartanburg, South Carolina | Inactive  | [55]
Calliope Academy | 1855  | Spring Hill College | Mobile, Alabama | Inactive  | [56]
Calliopean Society | 1793–1890  | Union College | Schenectady, New York | Inactive  | [57]
Calliopean Society | 1819  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Active  | [58][59]
Calliopean Society | 1830  | Maine Wesleyan Seminary | Kents Hill, Maine | Inactive  | [26]
Calliopean Society | 1835  | Granville Literary and Theological Institution | Granville, Ohio.  | Inactive  | [19]
Calliopean Society | 1840  | Emory & Henry College | Emory, Virginia | Active  | [60]
Calliopean Society | 1845  | The Citadel | Charleston, South Carolina | Inactive  | [61]
Calliopean Society | 1847  | Wabash College | Crawfordsville, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Calliopean Society | 1879  | Texas A&M University | College Station, Texas | Inactive  | [62][g]
Castelian Society | 1870  | Rockford College | Rockford, Illinois | Inactive  | [26]
Chi Beta Society | 1920  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [63]
Chi Delta Society | 1836  | East Tennessee University | Knoxville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [64]
Chrestomathean Society | 1847  | Ohio Wesleyan University | Delaware, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Chrestomathean | 1889–c. 1917 | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Inactive  | [65][h]
Chrestomathian Society | 1853  | Grinnell College | Grinnell, Iowa | Inactive  | [3]
Chrestomathic Society | 1848–1948  | College of Charleston | Charleston, South Carolina | Inactive  | [66]
Ciceronian Society | 1823  | George Washington University | Washington, D.C. | Inactive  | [67]
Ciceronian Society | 1834  | Mercer University | Macon, Georgia | Inactive  | [68][69][i]
Ciceronian Society | 1839–c. 1932 | Georgetown College | Georgetown, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Ciceronian Society | 1850  | Roanoke College | Salem, Virginia | Inactive  | [3]
Clariosophic Literary Society | 1873  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Clariosophic Society | 1806–xxxx ?; 2013  | University of South Carolina | Columbia, South Carolina | Active  | [3][71][72][73]
Cleo of Alpha Chi | 1877  | Trinity College | Hartford, Connecticut | Active  | [74]
Clever Fellows Society | 1844  | Albion College | Albion, Michigan | Inactive  | [75]
Clio Society | 1853  | Capital University | Bexley, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Clio Society | 1885  | Southwestern University | Georgetown, Texas | Inactive  | [24]
Clionian Literary Society | 1869  | McKendree College | Lebanon, Illinois | Active  | [76]
Clionian Society | 1851  | Free Academy of the City of New York | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [26][77]
Clionian Society | 1866  | Almira College | Greenville, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Cliolian Society | 1871  | Iowa State University | Ames, Iowa | Inactive  | [26]
Cliosophic Society | 1765–1928  | Princeton University | Princeton, New Jersey | Inactive  | [30]
Cliosophic Society | 1838  | Georgetown College | Georgetown, Kentucky | Inactive  | [78]
Clariosophic Society | 1859  | Southern University | Greensboro, Alabama | Inactive  | [49][50]
Columbian Debating Society | 1845 – October 10, 1846  | Richmond College | Richmond, Virginia | Inactive  | [79][j]
Crescent Society | 1855  | Antioch College | Yellow Springs, Ohio | Inactive  | [25]
Crescent Society | 1870  | Iowa State University | Ames, Iowa | Inactive  | [26]
Crotonia Society | 1750–1772  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Inactive  | [30]
Daedalian Literary Society | 1923  | Indiana State Normal School | Terre Haute, Indiana | Inactive  | [80]
De La Salle Club | 1865  | Manhattan College | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Delean Society | 1859  | Beloit College | Beloit, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3]
Delphic Society | 1854–1875  | Hiram College | Hiram, Ohio | Inactive  | [81][82]
Delphic Society | 1871–1889  | State University of New York at Geneseo | Geneseo, New York | Inactive  | [83]
Delta Rho Society | 1926–1928  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Delta Sigma Society | 1892  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Demosthenian Literary Society | 1803  | University of Georgia | Athens, Georgia | Active  | [84][18]
Demosthenean Literary Society | 1907  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Diagnothian Society | 1835  | Franklin & Marshall College | Lancaster, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Dialectic Society | 1795  | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Chapel Hill, North Carolina | Active  | [18]
Dialectic Society | 1839  | Oberlin College | Oberlin, Ohio | Inactive  | [85]
Eclectic Society | 1845  | Albion College | Albion, Michigan | Inactive  | [37]
Elizabethan Club | 1911  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Active  | [86]
Emma Willards Society | 1853  | Waynesburg College | Waynesburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Enosinian Society | 1822  | George Washington University | Washington, D.C. | Active  | [87][88][67]
Erodelphian | 1843–1845  | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Inactive  | [65]
Erodelphian Society | 1862–1933  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Erodelphian Literary Society | 1825–1924  | Miami University | Oxford, Ohio | Inactive  | [89]
Erodelphian Society | 1854  | Burlington College | Burlington, Vermont | Inactive  | [3]
Erodelphian Society | 1870  | Highland University | Highland, Kansas | Inactive  | [3]
Erosophian Adelphoi Society | 1835  | Colby College | Waterville, Maine | Inactive  | [26]
Erosophic Society | 1831–1933  | University of Alabama | Tuscaloosa, Alabama | Inactive  | [26][90][91]
Erosophic Society | 1847 | Mercer University | Macon, Georgia | Inactive | [69]
Erosophic Society | 1891  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Erosophian Society | 1855  | Marshall University | Huntington, West Virginia | Inactive  | [26]
Erosophian Society | 1860  | Lombard College | Galesburg, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Erosophian Society | 1865  | Baylor College | Waco, Texas | Inactive  | [26]
Eucleian Society | 1834–1943  | New York University | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [26]
Euglossian Society | 1913  | Heidelberg University | Tiffin, Ohio | Active  | [92]
Erosophian Society | 1867  | Albion College | Albion, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Eulexian Literary Society | November 27, 1867 – January 1870; March 1871  | St. Augustine College | Benicia, California | Inactive  | [93][k]
Eulexian Society | 1860  | St. Stephens College | Annandale-on-Hudson, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Eutaxian Society | 1876  | University of Oregon | Eugene, Oregon | Inactive  | [94]
Eumenean Society | 1837  | McKendree College | Lebanon, Illinois | Active  | [3][95]
Eumenean Society | 1898–1918  | Birmingham–Southern College | Birmingham, Alabama | Inactive  | [l]
Euphemian Literary Society | 1839  | Erskine College | Due West, South Carolina | Active  | [96]
Euphradian Society | 1806  | University of South Carolina | Columbia, South Carolina | Active  | [26][73]
Euphradian Society | 1831  | College of Charleston | Charleston, South Carolina | Inactive  | [78]
Euphronean Society | 1835  | Wabash College | Crawfordsville, Indiana | Inactive  | [97]
Eupia Society | 1850  | Bucknell University | Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [3]
Eurodelphian Society | 1857  | Spring Hill College | Mobile, Alabama | Inactive  | [56]
Euterpean Society | 1867  | Muhlenberg College | Allentown, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [98]
Euzelian Society | 1835  | Wake Forest University | Wake Forest, North Carolina | Active  | [99]
Excelsior Men's Society | 1851  | Heidelberg University | Tiffin, Ohio | Active  | [3]
Excelsior Society | 1858  | Albright College | Reading, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Excelsior Society | 1872  | Wheaton College | Wheaton, Illinois | Inactive  | [33]
F. H. C. | 1750–1787  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [30]
Few Society | August 10, 1839 – 1932  | Emory University | Atlanta, Georgia | Inactive  | [100][m]
Franklin Literary Society | 1797  | Jefferson College | Canonsburg, Pennsylvania | Active  | [101]
Franklin Literary Society | 1898  | Hendrix College | Conway, Arkansas | Inactive  |
Franklin Literary Society | 1908  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Franklin Polemic Society | 1833–1834  | Mercer University | Macon, Georgia | Inactive  | [68]
Franklin Reading Society | 1860  | Furman University | Greenville, South Carolina | Inactive  | [102]
Franklin Society | 1824–1834  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Inactive  | [103]
Franklin Society | 1826  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [26]
Franklin Society | 1831–1840  | Western Reserve University | Hudson, Ohio | Inactive  | [19]
Franklin Society | 1842  | Howard College | Birmingham, Alabama | Inactive  | [16]
Franklin Society | 1843  | Granville Literary and Theological Institution | Granville, Ohio | Inactive  | [26]
Franklin Society | March 1843 | Ricmond College | Richmond, Virginia | Inactive  | [79]
Gamma Delta Society | 1911  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [63]
Gamma Epsilon Society | 1852  | Lycoming College | Williamsport, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Gamma Nu Society | 1897  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [63]
Gamma Phi Society | 1833–c. 1840 | Colgate University | Hamilton, New York | Inactive  | [104]
Gamma Sigma Literary Society | 1891  | Henderson State University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Garland Literary Society |  | Henderson State University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Garland Literary Society | 1886  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Garnet Society | 1866  | Lincoln University | Oxford, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
German Verein | 1859–1942  | German Wallace College | Berea, Ohio | Inactive  | [3][n]
Germanae Sodales Society | 1859  | Hillsdale College | Hillsdale, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Gnothautii Society | 1849  | Knox College | Galesburg, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Grady Literary Society | 1895  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Grinnell Institute | 1870  | Grinnell College | Grinnell, Iowa | Inactive  | [3]
Hamlin Garland | 1920–1934  | Heidelberg University | Tiffin, Ohio | Inactive  | [35]
Hamline Society | 1854  | Iowa Wesleyan College | Mount Pleasant, Iowa | Inactive  | [105]
Harlan Literary Society | 1899–1952  | Hendrix College | Conway, Arkansas | Inactive  |
Henodelphisterian Society | 1820  | Indiana University Bloomington | Bloomington, Indiana | Inactive  | [40]
Hermaean Society | 1849–1946  | University of Mississippi | Oxford, Mississippi | Inactive  | [106]
Hermean Society | 1811  | University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [107]
Hermean Society | 1845  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Hermesian Literary Society | 1888  | Ouachita Baptist University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Hermesian Society | 1840  | Emory & Henry College | Emory, Virginia | Active  | [60]
Hentz Society | 1853  | LaGrange College | LaGrange, Georgia | Inactive  | [108]
Hesperian Society | 1857  | Ohio Female College | Cincinnati, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Hesperian Society | 1863–1933  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Hesperian Society | 1912  | Heidelberg University | Tiffin, Ohio | Inactive  | [92]
Hinman Society | 1856  | Northwestern University | Evanston, Illinois | Inactive  | [81]
Hyperion Society | 1855  | Marshall University | Huntington, West Virginia | Inactive  | [26]
Institute of 1770 | 1770  | Harvard University | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [30]
Irving Institute | 1864–1929  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Irving Literary Society | September 5, 1865 | Andalusia College | Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [3]
Irving Society | 1868–1888  | Cornell University | Ithaca, New York | Inactive  | [3][109][o]
Irving Society | 1870  | College of Wooster | Wooster, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Ionian Society | 1857  | Earlham College | Richmond, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Jefferson Society | 1825  | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Active  | [110][111][53]
John Adams Society | 2014  | Harvard University | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Active  | [112]
Judson Society | 1853  | LaGrange College | LaGrange, Georgia | Inactive  | [108]
Laurean Society | 1876  | University of Oregon | Eugene, Oregon | Inactive  | [94]
Lee Literary Society | 1906  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Lehigh Junto | 1868  | Lehigh University | Bethlehem, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [3]
L'Etoile | 1884  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Licivyronian Society | 1839  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [26]
Lincoln Association | 1866  | Illinois Soldiers College | Fulton, Indiana | Inactive  | [3][113][114]
Linnean Society | 1854  | Mount Union College | Alliance, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Linonian Society | 1753  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Active  | [30]
Literary Adelphi Society | 1857  | University of Michigan | Ann Arbor, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Literary Fraternity | 1827  | Colby College | Waterville, Maine | Inactive  | [26]
Literary Society | 1859  | University of Maryland, College Park | College Park, Maryland | Inactive  | [115]
The Literary Society | 1888  | Winthrop University | Rock Hill, South Carolina | Active  | [116]
Lyceum Society | 1847  | Wabash College | Crawfordsville, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Mathesian Society | 1856  | Northwestern Christian University | Indianapolis, Indiana | Inactive  | [117]
Miami Union Literary Society | 1825–1928  | Miami University | Oxford, Ohio | Inactive  | [89]
Mu Sigma Rho Literary Society | October 10, 1846 – 1861;

October 5, 1866

| Richmond College | Richmond, Virginia | Inactive  | [79][118][j]
Neocosmian Society | 1859  | Albright College | Reading, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Neotrophian Society | 1867  | Bethel College | Russellville, Kentucky | Inactive  | [26]
Nu Pi Kappa Society | 1828  | Kenyon College | Gambier, Ohio | Inactive  | [119][120]
Octave Thanet | 1900–1933  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Orthopatetic Society | 1869  | Blackburn College | Carlinville, Illinois | Inactive  | [26]
Orophilian Lyceum Society | 1850  | Alfred University | Alfred, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Ossoli Society | 1874  | Northwestern University | Evanston, Illinois | Inactive  | [81]
P. D. A. | 1773–1781  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [121]
Parthenian Society | 1853  | University of Baltimore | Baltimore, Maryland | Inactive  | [3]
Parthenon Society | 1827  | Trinity College | Hartford, Connecticut | Inactive  | [26]
Patrick Henry Society | 1819–1830, c. 1966 | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Inactive  | [122][111]
Peithissophian Society | 1825–1891  | Rutgers University | New Brunswick, New Jersey | Inactive  | [26][39]
Peithologian Society | 1806  | Columbia University | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [30]
Peithologian Society | 1831  | Wesleyan University | Middletown, Connecticut | Inactive  | [26]
Periclean Literary Society | 1900  | University of Arkansas | Fayetteville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [70]
Periclesian Society | 1853  | Franklin College | Franklin, Indiana | Inactive  | [123]
Peucinian Society | 1805  | Bowdoin College | Brunswick, Maine | Active  | [18][36]
Phi Alpha Literary Society | 1845  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [3][63]
Phi Alpha Pi Society | 1861  | Olivet College | Olivet, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Phi Alpha Society | 1854  | Central Methodist University | Fayette, Missouri | Inactive  | [26]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1776–1787  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [30][p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1780  | Yale University | New Haven, Connecticut | Active  | [p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1781  | Harvard University | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Active  | [30][p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1787  | Dartmouth College | Hanover, New Hampshire | Active  | [30][p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1830  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Active  | [p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1817  | Union College | Schenectady, New York | Active  | [p]
Phi Beta Kappa Society | 1825  | Bowdoin College | Brunswick, Maine | Active  | [36][p]
Phi Delta Society | 1834–late 1930s;

October 1967–xxxx ?

| Mercer University | Macon, Georgia | Inactive  | [68][i]
Phi Delta Society | 1839–1863  | Oglethorpe University | Brookhaven, Georgia | Inactive  | [124]
Phi Delta Society | 1840  | Western Reserve University | Hudson, Ohio | Inactive  | [19]
Phi Delta Society | 1868  | Berea College | Berea, Kentucky | Inactive  | [26]
Phi Gamma Society | 1837  | College of Charleston | Charleston, South Carolina | Inactive  | [3]
Phi Kappa Literary Society | 1820  | University of Georgia | Athens, Georgia | Active  | [125]
Phi Nu Society | 1853  | MacMurray College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Inactive  | [48]
Phi Phi Alpha Society | 1842  | University of Michigan | Ann Arbor, Michigan | Inactive  | [26]
Phi Sigma Nu Society | 1803  | University of Vermont | Burlington, Vermont | Inactive  | [18]
Phi Sigma Society | 1849–1934  | University of Mississippi | Oxford, Mississippi | Inactive  | [126]
Philadelphian Society | 1856  | Monmouth College | Monmouth, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Philal-Union Society | c. 1920–c. 1931 | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Inactive  | [65][q]
Philaletha Society | 1852  | Otterbein College | Westerville, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philalethean Literary Society  | 1913  | Taylor University | Upland, Indiana | Inactive  | [127]
Philalethean Society | 1855  | Lawrence University | Appleton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [123]
Philalethean Society | 1913  | Heidelberg University | Tiffin, Ohio | Active  | [128]
Philalethic Literary Society | 1856  | Santa Clara College | Santa Clara, California | Inactive  | [129]
Philanthropic Literary Society | 1807–1929  | Hampden–Sydney College | Hampden Sydney, Virginia | Inactive  | [130][r]
Philanthropic Society | 1795  | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Chapel Hill, North Carolina | Active  | [18]
Philanthropic Society | 1837  | Emory University | Atlanta, Georgia | Active  | [3][95]
Phileans Society | 1853  | Waynesburg College | Waynesburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Philermenian Society | 1794–1866  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Inactive  | [30][131]
Philestorian Debating Society | October 14, 1859 | Santa Clara College | Santa Clara, California | Inactive  | [93]
Philo-Christomathean Society | 1849  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [20]
Philo-Franklin Society | 1834  | Allegheny College | Meadville, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Philo Literary Society | 1797  | Jefferson College | Canonsburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [101]
Philoclean Society | 1825–1892  | Rutgers University | New Brunswick, New Jersey | Inactive  | [26]
Philocurian Society | 1868  | Northwestern Christian University | Indianapolis, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Philodemic Society | 1830  | Georgetown University | Washington, D.C. | Active  | [132][133]
Philokosmian Society | 1867  | Lebanon Valley College | Annville, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [3]
Philolexian Society | 1802  | Columbia University | New York City, New York | Active  | [30][134]
Philolexian Society | 1851  | Kalamazoo College | Kalamazoo, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Philologian Society | 1795  | Williams College | Williamstown, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [18]
Philologian Society | October 8, 1855 – April 22, 1861; October 27, 1867  | Richmond College | Richmond, Virginia | Inactive  | [3][135][s]
Philologian Society | 1870  | St. Stephens College | Annandale-on-Hudson, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Philological Society | 1807  | University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [30]
Philological Society | 1839  | Indiana Asbury College | Greencastle, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathean Literary Society | 1851–1857  | Carson-Newman College | Jefferson City, Tennessee | Inactive  | [136][t]
Philomathean Literary Society | 1888  | Ouachita Baptist University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Philomathean Society | 1813  | University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | Active  | [30]
Philomathean Society | 1828  | College of Charleston | Charleston, South Carolina | Inactive  | [78]
Philomathean Society | 1831  | Indiana University | Bloomington, Indiana | Inactive  | [40]
Philomathean Society | October 1932–1891  | New York University | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [137]
Philomathean Society | 1834  | Wabash College | Crawfordsville, Indiana | Inactive  | [97]
Philalathean Society | 1839–c. 1917 | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Merged  | [138][65][u]
Philomathean Society | 1842  | Erskine College | Due West, South Carolina | Active  | [139]
Philomathean Society | 1846  | Muskingum College | New Concord, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathean Society | 1851  | Waynesburg College | Waynesburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Philomathean Society | 1852  | Hiram College | Hiram, Ohio | Inactive  | [27]
Philomathean Society | 1852  | Wesleyan University | Middletown, Connecticut | Active  | [3]
Philomathean Society | 1856  | Willamette University | Salem, Oregon | Inactive  | [23]
Philomathean Society | 1857  | Otterbein College | Westerville, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathean Society | 1860  | Milton College | Milton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathean Society | 1866  | Union Christian College | Merom, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathean Society | 1868  | Iowa State University | Ames, Iowa | Inactive  | [26]
Philomathean Society | 1869  | Tennessee Wesleyan College | Athens, Tennessee | Inactive  | [26]
Philomathean Society | 1871  | University of the Pacific | Stockton, California | Active  | [140][v][w]
Philomathean Society | 1883  | Lyon College | Batesville, Arkansas | Inactive  | [34]
Philomathean Society | 1928–1928  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Philomathean Society | 1991  | Union College | Schenectady, New York | Active  | [18][141]
Philomathesian Society | 1827  | Kenyon College | Gambier, Ohio | Inactive  | [119][120]
Philomathesian Society | 1835  | Wake Forest University | Wake Forest, North Carolina | Inactive  | [99]
Philomathesian Society | 1836  | East Tennessee University | Knoxville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [64]
Philomathesian Society | 1839  | Oberlin College | Oberlin, Ohio | Inactive  | [85]
Philomathian Society | 1852  | University of Mississippi | Oxford, Mississippi | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathian Society | 1854  | Bethel College | Russellville, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathian Society | 1868  | Illinois Industrial University | Urbana, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Philomathic Society | 1832–1943  | University of Alabama | Tuscaloosa, Alabama | Inactive  | [26][90][91]
Philomatic Society | 1848  | Spring Hill College | Mobile, Alabama | Inactive  | [56]
Philoneikean Society | 1856  | Moores Hill College | Evansville, Indiana | Inactive  | [142]
Philopaedian Society | January 16, 1841 | St. Xavier College | Cincinnati, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philopenthean Society | 1855  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Philophrenian Society | 1850  | Columbian College | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [3]
Philophrenian Society | 1855  | George Washington University | Washington, D.C. | Inactive  | [87]
Philophronean Society | 1851  | Otterbein College | Westerville, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philosophian Society | 1837  | Indiana Asbury College | Greencastle, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Philosophian Society | 1846  | Wittenberg College | Springfield, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Philosophian Society | 1860  | Furman University | Greenville, South Carolina | Inactive  | [102]
Philosophian Society | 1867  | Lincoln University | Oxford, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Philosophronian Society | 1830–1839  | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Merged  | [143][65][x]
Philotechnian Society | 1795  | Williams College | Williamstown, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [18]
Philotechnic Society | 1870  | Louisiana State University | Baton Rouge, Louisiana | Inactive  | [26]
Philorhetorian Society | 1831  | Wesleyan University | Middletown, Connecticut | Inactive  | [26]
Philozetian Society | 1826  | Western Reserve University | Hudson, Ohio | Inactive  | [19]
Phoenix Band Society | 1856  | Earlham College | Richmond, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Phoenix Society | 1814  | Hamilton College | Clinton, New York | Inactive  | [18]
Phoenix Society | 1855  | Lawrence University | Appleton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [123]
Photozotean Society | 1869  | Moores Hill College | Evansville, Indiana | Inactive  | [142]
Phreno-Cosmian Society | 1857  | Baldwin University | Berea, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Phrenocosmian Society | 1852  | Free Academy of the City of New York | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [26][77]
Pi Delta Society | 1834–c. 1840 | Colgate University | Hamilton, New York | Inactive  | [104]
Pi Pi Rho Society | 1929  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [63]
Pithonian Society | 1850  | University of Rochester | Rochester, New York | Inactive  | [26]
Platonian Society | 1838  | Georgetown College | Georgetown, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Platonian Society | 1849  | McKendree College | Lebanon, Illinois | Inactive  | [3]
Polemical Society | 1776–1782  | Rutgers University | New Brunswick, New Jersey | Inactive  | [39]
Polytechnic Literary Society | 1847  | The Citadel | Charleston, South Carolina | Active  | [61]
Porcellian Society | 1791  | Harvard University | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [144]
Preston Society | 1858  | Wofford College | Spartanburg, South Carolina | Inactive  | [55]
Pronouncing Society | 1771  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Inactive  | [30]
Psi Gamma Society | 1839  | Marietta College | Marietta, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Pythonian Society | 1857  | Northwestern Christian University | Indianapolis, Indiana | Inactive  | [117]
Reynolds Literary Society | 1860  | Stockwell Collegiate Institute | Stockwell, Indiana | Inactive  | [3][145]
Rhizomian Society | 1858  | University of the Pacific | Stockton, California | Inactive  | [129]
Robert E. Lee Society | 1898–1918  | Birmingham–Southern College | Birmingham, Alabama | Inactive  | [y]
Robert E. V. Rice Society | 1866  | Niagara University | Lewiston, New York | Inactive  | [26]
Roosevelt Society | 2015  | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Active  | [51][53]
Ruthean Society | 1859  | Iowa Wesleyan College | Mount Pleasant, Iowa | Inactive  | [146]
St.. Aloysius Philodemics Society | 1851  | Notre Dame University | Notre Dame, Indiana | Inactive  | [3][147]
St. Joseph Literary Association | September 10, 1866 | St. Joseph College | New York | Inactive  | [3]
San Jacinto Society | 1875  | Southwestern University | Georgetown, Texas | Inactive  | [24]
Scientific Society | 1866  | Wilberforce University | Wilberforce, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Semicentenary Society | 1866  | Wilberforce University | Wilberforce, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Sherwood Rhetorical Society | 1851  | Kalamazoo College | Kalamazoo, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Sigma Phi Epsilon Society | 1916  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [148]
Sigma Pi | 1843  | Illinois College | Jacksonville, Illinois | Active  | [3][63]
Signet Society | 1870  | Harvard University | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Active  | [149]
Sigournean Society | 1857  | Moores Hill College | Evansville, Indiana | Inactive  | [142]
Social Friends Society | 1783  | Dartmouth College | Hanover, New Hampshire | Inactive  | [30]
Society for Inquiry | 1824  | Colgate University | Hamilton, New York | Inactive  | [26]
Society for Progress in Letters | 1789–1795  | Columbia University | New York City, New York | Inactive  | [134]
Society for Religious Inquiry | 1835  | University of Vermont | Burlington, Vermont | Inactive  | [26]
Sodalian Society | 1871  | Wilberforce University | Wilberforce, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Sophirodelphian Society | 1829–1860s  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21][f]
Sophronian Society | 1867  | Muhlenberg College | Allentown, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [98]
Sophronikopean Society | 1859  | Missionary Institute | Pennsylvania  | Inactive  | [3][z]
Soverville Society | 1850  | Ohio Female College | Cincinnati, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Star Society | 1855  | Antioch College | Yellow Springs, Ohio | Inactive  | [25]
Star Society | 1859  | Adrian College | Adrian, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Stephen F. Austin Society | 1876  | Texas A&M University | College Station, Texas | Inactive  | [62]
Stonewall Society | 1866  | Baylor College | Waco, Texas | Inactive  | [26]
Students Philomathean Society | 1851  | Hartsville College | Hartsville, Indiana | Inactive  | [3]
Themian Society | 1866  | Quincy College | Quincy, Massachusetts | Inactive  | [3]
Tau Chi Society | 1840  | College of William & Mary | Williamsburg, Virginia | Inactive  | [26]
Tau Theta Kappa Society | 1839–c. 1932 | Georgetown College | Georgetown, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Thalian Society | 1839  | Oglethorpe University | Brookhaven, Georgia | Active  | [124]
Theta Alphea Society | 1850  | Bucknell University | Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [3]
Theta Epsilon | 1894  | Maryville College | Maryville, Tennessee | Inactive  | [21]
Transylvania Whig Society | 1829  | Transylvania University | Lexington, Kentucky | Inactive  | [150]
Tri Kappa Society | 1861  | University of Chicago | Chicago, Illinois | Inactive  | [52]
Tripartite Union | 1848  | Lycoming College | Williamsport, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Union Literary Society | 1809  | Washington College | Washington, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [101]
Union Literary Society | 1830–c. 1917 | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Merged  | [143][65][aa]
Union Literary Society | 1836  | Muskingum College | New Concord, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Union Literary Society | 1853  | Geneva College | Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [20]
Union-Philanthropic Society | 1789  | Hampden–Sydney College | Hampden Sydney, Virginia | Active  | [151][ab]
Union Philosophical Society | 1789  | Dickinson College | Carlisle, Pennsylvania | Active  | [44]
Union Philosophical Society | 1829  | Transylvania University | Lexington, Kentucky | Inactive  | [152]
Union Society | 1814  | Hamilton College | Clinton, New York | Inactive  | [18]
Union Society | 1851  | Waynesburg College | Waynesburg, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
United Brothers Society | 1806–1866  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Inactive  | [30][131]
United Fraternity | 1786  | Dartmouth College | Hanover, New Hampshire | Inactive  | [30]
Vesperian Society | 1870  | Rockford College | Rockford, Illinois | Inactive  | [26]
Wayland Society | 1870  | Brown University | Providence, Rhode Island | Inactive  | [3]
Washington Debating Society | c. 1845 – October 10, 1846  | Richmond College | Richmond, Virginia | Inactive  | [79][j]
Washington Literary Society | 1814  | Washington College | Washington, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [101]
Washington Literary Society and Debating Union | 1831–1861, 1865–1929, 1979  | University of Virginia | Charlottesville, Virginia | Active  | [153][ac]
Washington Society | 1854  | Bethel College | Russellville, Kentucky | Inactive  | [3]
Webster Society | 1853  | Franklin College | Franklin, Indiana | Inactive  | [123]
Webster Society | 1859  | University of Michigan | Ann Arbor, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Whig Society | 1834–1839  | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Merged  | [65][ad]
Whitby | 1913–1928  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [35]
Zelosophic Society | 1829  | University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | Inactive  | [26]
Zenobian Society | December 9, 1869 – June 10, 1970  | University of Minnesota | Minneapolis, Minnesota | Inactive  | [3][154]
Zetelethean | 1880–1917  | Hanover College | Hanover, Indiana | Inactive  | [65][h]
Zetagathea Society | 1845  | Ohio Wesleyan University | Delaware, Ohio | Inactive  | [3]
Zetalethean Society | 1867  | Simpson College | Indianola, Iowa | Inactive  | [3]
Zetagathian Society | 1861–1933  | University of Iowa | Iowa City, Iowa | Inactive  | [155]

## United States women's literary societies

[edit]

Active societies are indicated in bold. Inactive societies and institutions are in italics.

Society  | Founding date

and range

| Institution  | Location  | Status | References

|
|
|
|
|

Clever Girls Society | 1844  | Albion College | Albion, Michigan | Inactive  | [75]
Corinnean Society |  | Ouachita Baptist University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Curious Literary Society | 1855  | Milwaukee Female College | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3][156]
Euphrosynean Literary Society | 1892  | Newberry College | Newberry, South Carolina | Inactive  | [157]
Euphrosynean Society | 1924  | University of South Carolina | Columbia, South Carolina | Active  | [73]
Franklin Literary Society | 1822–1921  | Randolph–Macon College | Ashland, Virginia | Inactive  | [158][159][ae]
Hypatian Society | 1915–1970s  | University of South Carolina | Columbia, South Carolina | Inactive  | [73]
Jefferson Literary Society | 1902–1921  | Randolph–Macon College | Ashland, Virginia | Inactive  | [159][af]
Ladies' Literary Society | 1834  | Oberlin College | Oberlin, Ohio | Inactive  | [85]
Ladies Literary Society | 1852  | Milton College | Milton, Wisconsin | Inactive  | [3]
Ladies Literary Union | 1857  | Hillsdale College | Hillsdale, Michigan | Inactive  | [3]
Kappa Iota Literary Society | October 12, 1921 – 1950  | Alma College | Alma, Michigan | Inactive  | [160][ag]
The Philaletheis Society | 1865  | Vassar College | Poughkeepsie, New York | Active  | [3][161][ah]
Philomathean  | 1891  | Henderson State University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Polymnian Society |  | Ouachita Baptist University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Upsilon Phi Literary Society |  | Henderson State University | Arkadelphia, Arkansas | Inactive  | [38]
Washington Literary Society | 1833–1899, 1940s  | Randolph–Macon College | Ashland, Virginia | Active  | [159][162]

## See also

[edit]

* College literary society
* Literary society

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ This female group was absorbed by the Queens Debating Union when it became co-ed.
2. ^ Originally called the Dialectic Society of Queen's College.
3. ^ Formed as the Literary and Scientific Society.
4. ^ The society became a chapter of Theta Pi Fraternity.
5. ^ Became Alpha Sigma, also a literary society, in 1882.
6. ^ a b c This society ceased operations due to the Civil War and was not re-established.
7. ^ Formed by students who split off from the Stephen F. Austin Literary Society.
8. ^ a b The society discontinued its meetings during World War I so that its members could volunteer for the Red Cross. However, it did not reform after the war.
9. ^ a b Formed when the Franklin Literary Society dissolved.
10. ^ a b c In the fall semester of 1846, the Columbian Debating Society and the Washington Debating Society formed a temporary alliance as Mu Sigma Rho. The merger as Mu Sigma Rho Literary Society became official in February 1847.
11. ^ Chapter closed briefly when all of its original members left college.
12. ^ Absorbed by the Clariosophic Society when Southern University and Birmingham College merged to form Birmingham-Southern College in 1918.
13. ^ Formed from a division of Phi Gamma Society
14. ^ Became the Alpha Omega chapter of Phi Kappa Tau fraternity in 1942.
15. ^ Last documented public meeting was held in May 1887 as a coeducational society. A fraternity later claimed to be the "custodian" of this society and said it carries out private literary exercises within one fraternity house.
16. ^ a b c d e f g Phi Beta Kappa was only a private literary society until ca. 1831.
17. ^ Formed from the merger of the Philalathean Society and the Union Literary Society.
18. ^ Merged with Union Philosophical Society.
19. ^ Formed by seven former members of the Mu Sigma Rho Society.
20. ^ The society became Phi Mu Delta in 1857.
21. ^ This formed from the merger of the Philosophronian and the Whig Societies. It was originally called the Zelomathean but changed its name after one week. The society stopped meeting during World War I. After the war, it merged with the Union Literary Society to form the Philal-Union Society.
22. ^ This was an organization for women.
23. ^ The society changed its name to Phi Lambda Omicron in 1924 after its mission shifted to being a social sorority.
24. ^ When student enrollment decline, it merged with the Whig Society to form the Philalathean Society.
25. ^ Absorbed by the Belles Lettres Society when Southern University and Birmingham College merged to form Birmingham-Southern College in 1918.
26. ^ Named changed to Clionian Society in 1866.
27. ^ The society stopped meeting during World War I. After the war, it merged with the Philalathean Society to form the Philal-Union Society.
28. ^ Originally was called the Union Philosophical Society.
29. ^ The society went dormant during the Civil War and after the 1929 Stock Market crash.
30. ^ Formed as Chrestomathean but its name was changed shortly afterward. When student enrollment declined, it merged with the Philosophronian Society to form the Philalathean Society.
31. ^ The Franklin Debating Society is a modern group that is active on campus as of 2023.
32. ^ Formed by members of the Franklin Literary Society to create competition after the Washington Literary Society ceased to exist.
33. ^ In 1950, the society changed its mission from academic to a social sorority and changed its name to Kappa Iota.
34. ^ Originally called Philalethean Society

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c "History". Queen's Debating Union. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
2. ^ "History". UC Lit. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj Seeley, I. C. Manual of College Literary Societies with Statistical Table. Kalamazoo: Chaplin & Ihling Bro's Book and Job Printers, 1871, pp. 19-135. via Google Books.
4. ^ "English Literary Society | SRCC". www.srcc.edu. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
5. ^ "English Literary Society – Guru Nanak Khalsa College for Women". Retrieved 2023-09-23.
6. ^ "English Literary Society". St.Joseph College. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
7. ^ "The English Literary Society". St. Stephen's College, Delhi. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
8. ^ "Societies - Lit & Deb". University of Galway. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
9. ^ "English & Literary Society". University College Dublin Student Societies. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
10. ^ "The English Society". St John's College, University of Cambridge. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
11. ^ "Societies - School of Arts, Languages and Cultures". The University of Manchester. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
12. ^ "Celebrating literary successes". St Catharine's College, Cambridge. July 27, 2022. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
13. ^ McGlothlin, W. J., Baptist Beginnings in Education: a History of Furman University, (Nashville: Sunday School Board of the Southern Baptist Church, 1926), p. 115.
14. ^ Wilde, Arthur Herbert, Northwestern University, a History, 1855 - 1905, (New York: University Publishing Society, 1905), III, 31, 49.
15. ^ Calkins, Earnest Elmo, They Broke the Prairie; Being an Account of the Settlement of the Upper Mississippi Valley by Religious and Educational Pioneers, Told in Terms of One City, Galesburg, and of One College, Knox, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1937), pg+N167s. 131-32.
16. ^ a b Howard College Bulletin, XXXV (October, 1927), p. 22.
17. ^ a b Velez, Philip V. (2023). Chronicle of the Delphic Fraternity Gamma Sigma Tau: Over 150 Years of Brotherhood, More than 185 Years of History (Sesquicentennial ed.). The Delphic Fraternity, Inc. pp. 11–12. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Storie, Catherine Penniman. "The American College Society Library and the College Library," College and Research Libraries, VI (June 1945), pp. 242-47.
19. ^ a b c d e Potter, David. "The Literary Society", History of Speech Education in America; Background Studies. Karl R. Wallace, editor. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1954, p. 241
20. ^ a b c d Downie, James Vale, "Old Literary Societies," Geneva Alumnus, July, 195, pp. 4-5.
21. ^ a b c d e f g h Wilson, Samuel Tyndale. Century of Maryville College 1818–1918: A Story of Altruism. Maryville, Tennessee: The Directors of Marville College/J.J. Little & Ives Company, 1916. p. 199-200. via Wikimedia Commons.
22. ^ The Record of Phi Kappa Psi - A Short History of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity by Guy Morrison Walker, 1906
23. ^ a b c Gatke, Robert Moulton, Chronicles of Willamette, the Pioneer University of the West, (Portland, Oregon: Binfords & Mort, 1943), p. 179.
24. ^ a b c d "The establishment of Southwestern University". Impactnews.com. 2008-06-13. Archived from the original on 2010-04-24. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
25. ^ a b c Lyle, Guy R., "College Literary Societies in the Fifties," Library Quarterly, IV, (July 1934), pp. 488-489.
26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm Harding, Thomas S. College Literary Societies: Their Contribution to Higher Education in the United States, 1815-1876. New York: Pageant Press International,1971. ISBN 9780818102028
27. ^ a b Stein, John H., "The Development of the Hiram College Library from the Literary Society Libraries Which Formed its Nucleus," (unpublished Masters' thesis, Kent State University, 1950), pp. 23-31.
28. ^ "Alpha Omega Delta". Bob Jones University Vintage. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
29. ^ Lundell, Amy. "Lamar Memorial Library: Insight Into the Past Exhibit: Alpha Sigma". library.maryvillecollege.edu. Retrieved 2023-07-21.
30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Potter, David. Debating in the Colonial Chartered Colleges; an Historical Survey, 1642 to 1900. New York: Teacher's College, Columbia University, 1944, pp. 67-70.
31. ^ "The American Whig-Cliosophic Society".
32. ^ Seeley, I. C. Manual of College Literary Societies with Statistical Table. Kalamazoo: Chaplin & Ihling Bro's Book and Job Printers, 1871, p. 15. via Google Books.
33. ^ a b c Gardiner, Gordon P., History of the Beltionian Literary Association, (Wheaton: Wheaton College, 1936), pp. 11-13.
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*[c.]: circa