List of countries by government debt

100% or more, 75%–100%, 50%–75%, 25%–50%, less than 25%, no data. Total (gross) government debt as a percent of GDP by IMF in 2024. General government debt in OECD (% of GDP)

This is a list of countries by government debt. Gross government debt is government financial liabilities that are debt instruments.[1]: 81  A debt instrument is a financial claim that requires payment of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor in the future. Examples include debt securities (such as bonds and bills), loans, and government employee pension obligations.[1]: 207  Net debt equals gross debt minus financial assets that are debt instruments.[1]: 208, s7.243  Net debt estimates are not always available since some government assets are difficult to value, such as loans made at concessional rates.[1]: 208–209, s7.246

Changes in government debt over time reflect primarily borrowing due to past government deficits.[2] A deficit occurs when a government's expenditures exceed revenues.[3][1]: 79–82

In the list below, government debt is measured for the general government sector because the level of government responsible for programs (for example, health care) differs across countries, and the general government comprises central, state, provincial, regional, and local governments, and social security funds.[1]: 18, s2.58, s2.59

To make the numbers comparable across countries of different size, government debt is measured as a percentage of a country's gross domestic product (GDP). For context on the magnitude of the debt numbers, European Union member countries have an agreement, the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP), to maintain a general government gross debt of no more than 60% of GDP.[4] The aim of the SGP is to prevent excessive debt burdens.[5]

## Government debt as a percentage of GDP

[edit]

When data is not available, numbers are International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff estimates.

General government debt-to-GDP ratio in %  Country and region  | General government

gross debt 2024[6]

| Gross debt[7]
2022  | Net debt[8]
2021

|
|
|

Afghanistan | \-  | \-  |
Albania | 58  | 67.581  | 64.1
Algeria | 46.4  | 52.397  | 51.9
Andorra | 34.7  | 38.788  |
Angola | 70.3  | 67.050  |
Antigua and Barbuda | 76.4  | 90.562  |
Argentina | 86.2  | 84.466  |
Armenia | 53.1  | 49.273  |
Aruba | 76.2  | 92.004  |
Australia | 49.6  | 55.702  | 34.6
Austria | 75.4  | 77.786  | 60.6
Azerbaijan | 18.3  | 20.675  |
Bahamas | 84  | 89.414  |
Bahrain | 126.7  | 117.587  |
Bangladesh | 41.4  | 39.088  |
Barbados | 107.5  | 120.781  | 134.3
Belarus | 48.6  | 39.753  |
Belgium | 105  | 105.270  | 93.7
Belize | 62.9  | 64.141  |
Benin | 53.4  | 52.386  |
Bhutan | 111.4  | 124.795  |
Bolivia | 86.7  | 82.616  | 70.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 29.7  | 29.556  | 22.0
Botswana | 17.9  | 19.949  | 14.2
Brazil | 86.7  | 85.906  | 57.2
Brunei Darussalam | 2.3  | 2.063  |
Bulgaria | 23.4  | 21.844  | 13.7
Burkina Faso | 63.3  | 54.309  |
Burundi | 72.2  | 68.300  |
Cape Verde | 112.2  | 127.407  | 130.5
Cambodia | 26.4  | 36.533  |
Cameroon | 39.2  | 46.432  | 44.1
Canada | 104.7  | 106.590  | 31.6
Central African Republic | 55.6  | 50.687  |
Chad | 32.3  | 50.367  |
Chile | 40.5  | 37.977  | 20.1
China | 88.6  | 77.097  |
Colombia | 54.4  | 63.626  | 56.8
Comoros | 35.5  | 29.064  |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 11.1  | 14.580  |
Republic of the Congo | 94.6  | 99.565  |
Costa Rica | 60.6  | 63.768  |
Côte d'Ivoire | 57.7  | 56.750  |
Croatia | 59.5  | 67.535  |
Cuba | \-  | \-  |
Cyprus | 70.7  | 86.501  | 51.0
Czech Republic | 45.1  | 42.349  | 26.4
Denmark | 29.2  | 29.658  | 11.0
Djibouti | 56.5  | 40.614  | 45.8
Dominica | 98.7  | 104.788  |
Dominican Republic | 59.5  | 58.919  | 49.3
Ecuador | 56.5  | 57.303  |
Egypt | 96.4  | 88.534  | 84.5
El Salvador | 84.4  | 77.236  |
Equatorial Guinea | 37.7  | 27.147  | 29.7
Eritrea | \-  | 163.769  |
Estonia | 23  | 17.160  | 4.4
Eswatini | 37.2  | 45.353  | 38.0
Ethiopia | 30.5  | 46.372  | 49.6
Fiji | 81.1  | 92.802  | 82.2
Finland | 81.4  | 74.807  | 34.1
France | 111.6  | 111.063  | 101.1
Gabon | 73.1  | 55.054  |
Gambia | 64.3  | 83.952  |
Georgia (country) | 38.8  | 39.772  |
Germany | 63.7  | 66.535  | 47.0
Ghana | 83.6  | 88.767  | 77.3
Greece | 159  | 177.434  |
Grenada | 61.2  | 64.508  |
Guatemala | 27.6  | 30.127  |
Guinea | 35.1  | 33.404  |
Guinea-Bissau | 76.5  | 79.529  |
Guyana | 31.2  | 27.809  | 38.4
Haiti | 14.9  | 25.010  |
Honduras | 44.6  | 50.022  |
Hong Kong SAR | 9  | 4.255  |
Hungary | 73.5  | 76.351  | 69.8
Iceland | 58.7  | 68.726  | 59.5
India | 82.5  | 83.126  |
Indonesia | 39.3  | 39.934  | 37.9
Iran | 25.5  | 34.006  | 36.1
Iraq | 48.2  | 43.300  |
Ireland | 41.2  | 45.190  | 50.4
Israel | 67.3  | 60.931  | 65.1
Italy | 136.9  | 144.696  | 138.3
Jamaica | 67.5  | 84.124  |
Japan | 251.2  | 261.289  | 168.1
Jordan | 91.4  | 89.425  | 91.8
Kazakhstan | 24.2  | 23.497  | -3.3
Kenya | 73  | 67.936  | 62.6
Kiribati | 9.9  | 15.214  |
South Korea | 56.6  | 54.331  | 20.9
North Korea | \-  | \-  |
Kosovo | 18.4  | 19.319  |
Kuwait | 7.1  | 2.923  |
Kyrgyz Republic | 47.2  | 53.528  |
Laos | 115.5  | 128.514  |
Latvia | 43.2  | 41.609  | 34.5
Lebanon | \-  | \-  |
Lesotho | 63.2  | 57.907  | 17.5
Liberia | 56.5  | 55.366  | 48.6
Libya | \-  | \-  |
Lithuania | 36.2  | 39.561  | 39.8
Luxembourg | 28  | 24.305  | -10.8
Macau | 0  | 0.000  |
Madagascar | 56.1  | 56.989  |
Malawi | 74.9  | 70.139  |
Malaysia | 66.4  | 66.265  |
Maldives | 121.1  | 114.943  |
Mali | 55.1  | 53.218  | 44.8
Malta | 53.6  | 55.829  | 46.2
Marshall Islands | 17.3  | 21.196  |
Mauritania | 48.5  | 47.740  | 48.6
Mauritius | 81  | 80.869  |
Mexico | 55.6  | 56.029  | 49.9
Micronesia | 10.6  | 14.026  |
Moldova | 37.3  | 33.523  |
Mongolia | 47.9  | 82.427  |
Montenegro | 62.3  | 71.231  |
Morocco | 70.4  | 68.788  | 68.4
Mozambique | 96.9  | 104.516  |
Myanmar | 58.5  | 63.896  |
Namibia | 65.4  | 71.278  | 70.8
Nauru | 23.4  | 24.265  |
Nepal | 43  | 43.830  |
Netherlands | 47.7  | 48.507  | 42.8
New Zealand | 47.4  | 52.792  | 14.5
Nicaragua | 39.2  | 45.956  |
Niger | 48.9  | 51.076  | 45.0
Nigeria | 46.6  | 38.017  | 36.2
North Macedonia | 54.6  | 51.799  | 52.3
Norway | 38  | 39.603  | -86.7
Oman | 35.4  | 40.148  | 25.5
Pakistan | 71.8  | 75.753  | 67.4
Palau | 80  | \-  |
Panama | 54.1  | 54.892  | 40.8
Papua New Guinea | 52.1  | 49.193  |
Paraguay | 43.1  | 40.870  | 33.4
Peru | 33  | 33.373  | 19.2
Philippines | 56.9  | 57.520  |
Poland | 55.1  | 49.577  | 40.8
Portugal | 94.7  | 116.048  | 120.1
Puerto Rico | 17.2  | 16.312  |
Qatar | 37.3  | 45.308  |
Romania | 53  | 48.728  | 42.3
Russia | 20.8  | 19.597  |
Rwanda | 69.9  | 64.425  |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 51.7  | 64.752  |
Saint Lucia | 75.8  | 83.484  |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 87.5  | 86.799  |
Samoa | 29.1  | 43.727  |
San Marino | 68.7  | 81.166  |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 42.6  | 58.099  |
Saudi Arabia | 27.5  | 22.573  | 17.7
Senegal | 72.5  | 74.970  |
Serbia | 49.1  | 53.539  | 52.6
Seychelles | 58.3  | 63.427  | 62.4
Sierra Leone | 69.7  | 98.848  |
Singapore | 175.2  | 134.159  |
Slovakia | 59.3  | 58.821  | 51.3
Slovenia | 67.5  | 70.245  | 49.5
Solomon Islands | 19.8  | 16.853  | 7.3
Somalia | \-  | \-  | \-
South Africa | 75.4  | 71.016  | 63.2
South Sudan | 48.3  | 39.639  | 64.6
Spain | 106.3  | 111.978  | 102.8
Sri Lanka | \-  | 117.661  | \-
Sudan | 344.4  | 127.552  | \-
Suriname | 87.9  | 123.158  | \-
Sweden | 36  | 31.686  | 8.5
Switzerland | 36.7  | 39.122  | 21.6
Syria | \-  | \-  | \-
Taiwan | 22.5  | 27.465  | 26.5
Tajikistan | 30.8  | 34.631  | \-
Tanzania | 46.1  | 41.622  | \-
Thailand | 64.5  | 60.542  | \-
Timor-Leste | 14.2  | 7.490  | \-
Togo | 68.3  | 68.037  | \-
Tonga | 43.8  | 46.581  |
Trinidad and Tobago | 56  | 53.750  | 11.5
Tunisia | 78.6  | 79.364  |
Turkey | 29.5  | 31.178  | 33.8
Turkmenistan | 4.7  | 5.186  |
Tuvalu | 7  | 7.587  |
Uganda | 49.7  | 50.834  |
Ukraine | 95.6  | 81.693  |
United Arab Emirates | 30.3  | 29.958  |
United Kingdom | 101.8  | 102.636  | 84.3
United States | 121  | 121.683  | 99.6
Uruguay | 61.9  | 61.000  | 54.7
Uzbekistan | 36  | 34.295  |
Vanuatu | 44  | 45.752  |
Venezuela | \-  | 157.809  |
Vietnam | 33.5  | 37.091  |
Palestinian territories | \-  | 59.776  |
Yemen | 81.4  | 73.531  | 69.3
Zambia | \-  | \-  | 117.5
Zimbabwe | 98.5  | 92.824  |

## Public debt per capita

[edit]

The figures here are represented per capita.

Country  | (PPP) [9][10][11] | (Forex) [9][10][12] | Year

|
|
|

Japan * | $102,503 | $91,768 | 2017
Singapore * | $97,852 | $60,016 | 2017
Qatar * | $77,278 | $37,990 | 2017
Greece * | $50,562 | $33,905 | 2017
Italy * | $49,060 | $41,056 | 2017
Ireland * | $47,822 | $44,871 | 2017
Belgium * | $47,291 | $44,119 | 2017
United States * | $46,645 | $46,645 | 2017
Canada * | $44,348 | $41,323 | 2017
Bahrain * | $43,659 | $21,673 | 2017
France * | $41,040 | $37,189 | 2017
Austria * | $39,419 | $37,310 | 2017
United Kingdom * | $39,311 | $35,320 | 2017
Portugal * | $38,127 | $26,462 | 2017
Bermuda * | $37,015 | $37,015 | 2016
Spain * | $35,466 | $26,210 | 2017
Germany * | $33,349 | $29,394 | 2017
Aruba * | $30,674 | $19,918 | 2016
Netherlands * | $30,452 | $27,415 | 2017
Barbados * | $28,001 | $26,777 | 2017
Finland * | $27,111 | $27,986 | 2017
Switzerland * | $26,367 | $34,225 | 2017
Norway * | $25,900 | $27,095 | 2017
Cyprus * | $25,047 | $17,103 | 2017
Slovenia * | $24,939 | $17,110 | 2017
Luxembourg * | $23,582 | $23,742 | 2017
Israel * | $22,922 | $25,351 | 2017
Malta * | $21,746 | $14,204 | 2017
Antigua and Barbuda * | $21,709 | $13,796 | 2017
Australia * | $21,695 | $23,990 | 2017
Hungary * | $21,693 | $10,427 | 2017
Lebanon * | $21,238 | $13,039 | 2017
Iceland * | $21,169 | $28,505 | 2017
Sweden * | $21,048 | $21,763 | 2017
Kuwait * | $20,462 | $8,525 | 2017
Puerto Rico * | $20,360 | $16,320 | 2017
Bahamas * | $19,796 | $19,960 | 2017
Oman * | $19,326 | $7,196 | 2017
U.S. Virgin Islands * | $19,292 | $25,819 | 2017
Croatia * | $18,601 | $9,976 | 2017
Seychelles * | $18,482 | $10,068 | 2017
Saint Kitts and Nevis * | $18,363 | $11,420 | 2017
Taiwan * | $18,027 | $8,682 | 2017
Denmark * | $17,487 | $19,784 | 2017
Slovakia * | $16,798 | $8,970 | 2017
Andorra * | $15,915 | $12,973 | 2016
Malaysia * | $15,873 | $5,313 | 2017
South Korea * | $15,633 | $11,830 | 2017
Uruguay * | $15,241 | $11,540 | 2017
Poland * | $14,829 | $6,912 | 2017
Equatorial Guinea * | $14,783 | $5,858 | 2017
Trinidad and Tobago * | $14,735 | $7,834 | 2017
San Marino * | $14,726 | $11,722 | 2017
United Arab Emirates * | $14,133 | $7,769 | 2017
Faroe Islands * | $13,728 | $18,969 | 2015
Mauritius * | $13,262 | $6,253 | 2017
New Zealand * | $13,180 | $14,045 | 2017
Brazil * | $13,064 | $8,265 | 2017
Lithuania * | $13,000 | $6,717 | 2017
Egypt * | $12,474 | $2,450 | 2017
Czech Republic * | $12,206 | $7,007 | 2017
Montenegro * | $12,122 | $5,234 | 2017
Argentina * | $11,884 | $8,217 | 2017
Mongolia * | $11,701 | $3,281 | 2017
Maldives * | $11,236 | $7,335 | 2017
Saint Lucia * | $10,859 | $7,202 | 2017
Gabon * | $10,847 | $4,418 | 2017
Mexico * | $10,618 | $4,962 | 2017
Panama * | $10,353 | $6,150 | 2017
Grenada * | $10,252 | $7,021 | 2017
Nauru * | $10,235 | $7,293 | 2017
Latvia * | $10,194 | $5,724 | 2017
Suriname * | $10,069 | $3,963 | 2017
Belarus * | $10,055 | $3,051 | 2017
Bhutan * | $9,993 | $3,336 | 2017
Sri Lanka * | $9,663 | $3,060 | 2017
Iraq * | $9,644 | $2,858 | 2017
Jamaica * | $9,360 | $5,305 | 2017
Serbia * | $9,333 | $3,658 | 2017
Azerbaijan * | $9,273 | $2,190 | 2017
Saudi Arabia * | $9,226 | $3,569 | 2017
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines * | $9,167 | $5,688 | 2017
Dominica * | $8,747 | $6,223 | 2017
Albania * | $8,457 | $3,070 | 2017
Tunisia * | $8,406 | $2,439 | 2017
Cape Verde * | $8,360 | $3,931 | 2017
Romania * | $8,291 | $3,634 | 2017
Belize * | $8,257 | $4,757 | 2017
Costa Rica * | $8,230 | $5,713 | 2017
Jordan * | $8,161 | $3,680 | 2017
China * | $7,878 | $4,077 | 2017
Iran * | $7,802 | $2,049 | 2017
Guam * | $7,631 | $7,631 | 2017
Turkey * | $7,613 | $2,966 | 2017
Congo * | $7,594 | $2,253 | 2017
Thailand * | $7,548 | $2,781 | 2017
South Africa * | $7,342 | $3,343 | 2017
Colombia * | $7,298 | $3,225 | 2017
Curaçao * | $6,912 | $12,375 | 2014
Dominican Republic * | $6,249 | $2,748 | 2017
Ukraine * | $5,970 | $1,811 | 2017
Chile * | $5,952 | $3,647 | 2017
Cuba * | $5,879 | $4,024 | 2017
North Macedonia * | $5,755 | $2,109 | 2017
Morocco * | $5,665 | $2,074 | 2017
El Salvador * | $5,615 | $2,723 | 2017
Turkmenistan * | $5,519 | $2,019 | 2017
Greenland * | $5,437 | $5,005 | 2016
Ecuador * | $5,311 | $2,870 | 2017
Kazakhstan * | $5,311 | $1,769 | 2017
Gibraltar * | $5,203 | $5,203 | 2014
India * | $5,202 | $1,429 | 2017
Bulgaria * | $5,198 | $1,928 | 2017
Sudan * | $5,003 | $1,292 | 2017
Armenia * | $4,990 | $2,032 | 2017
Venezuela * | $4,684 | $2,579 | 2017
Bosnia and Herzegovina * | $4,600 | $1,864 | 2017
Fiji * | $4,555 | $2,582 | 2017
Guyana * | $4,441 | $2,510 | 2017
Russia * | $4,380 | $1,721 | 2017
Mauritania * | $4,347 | $1,241 | 2017
Laos * | $4,338 | $1,492 | 2017
Namibia * | $4,337 | $2,159 | 2017
Algeria * | $4,159 | $1,106 | 2017
Angola * | $4,145 | $2,709 | 2017
Vietnam * | $3,911 | $1,329 | 2017
Georgia * | $3,632 | $1,382 | 2017
Bolivia * | $3,628 | $1,637 | 2017
Indonesia * | $3,562 | $1,112 | 2017
Peru * | $3,488 | $1,737 | 2017
Ghana * | $3,424 | $1,201 | 2017
Pakistan * | $3,420 | $983 | 2017
Philippines * | $3,305 | $1,182 | 2017
Eswatini * | $3,030 | $1,154 | 2017
Estonia * | $3,013 | $1,878 | 2017
São Tomé and Príncipe * | $2,966 | $1,699 | 2017
Palau * | $2,957 | $3,271 | 2017
Samoa * | $2,773 | $2,051 | 2017
Tonga * | $2,666 | $2,053 | 2017
Zambia * | $2,645 | $986 | 2017
Paraguay * | $2,468 | $1,081 | 2017
Syria * | $2,450 | $1,199 | 2016
Botswana * | $2,428 | $1,082 | 2017
Gambia * | $2,336 | $623 | 2017
Kyrgyzstan * | $2,216 | $724 | 2017
Kosovo * | $2,178 | $788 | 2017
Moldova * | $2,173 | $876 | 2017
Brunei * | $2,105 | $754 | 2017
Eritrea * | $2,066 | $1,277 | 2017
Guatemala * | $2,057 | $1,126 | 2017
Anguilla * | $2,024 | $2,024 | 2013
Zimbabwe * | $2,010 | $1,035 | 2017
Burma * | $1,992 | $406 | 2017
Nicaragua * | $1,992 | $756 | 2017
Honduras * | $1,992 | $988 | 2017
Yemen * | $1,913 | $813 | 2017
West Bank | $1,850 | $857 | 2015
Kenya * | $1,833 | $887 | 2017
Uzbekistan * | $1,805 | $395 | 2017
Senegal * | $1,762 | $679 | 2017
Ivory Coast * | $1,739 | $724 | 2017
Northern Mariana Islands * | $1,696 | $1,696 | 2017
Tajikistan * | $1,665 | $418 | 2017
Papua New Guinea * | $1,585 | $1,041 | 2017
American Samoa * | $1,579 | $1,579 | 2017
Bangladesh * | $1,433 | $543 | 2017
Tuvalu * | $1,394 | $1,328 | 2017
Somalia * | $1,392 | $480 | 2017
Mozambique * | $1,391 | $472 | 2017
Djibouti * | $1,309 | $730 | 2017
Vanuatu * | $1,297 | $1,462 | 2017
Cameroon * | $1,289 | $504 | 2017
South Sudan * | $1,229 | $188 | 2017
Benin * | $1,222 | $445 | 2017
Nigeria * | $1,201 | $403 | 2017
Togo * | $1,201 | $441 | 2017
Cambodia * | $1,187 | $408 | 2017
Sierra Leone * | $1,169 | $366 | 2017
Lesotho * | $1,143 | $472 | 2017
Tanzania * | $1,084 | $345 | 2017
Ethiopia * | $1,003 | $404 | 2017
Chad * | $949 | $327 | 2017
Guinea-Bissau * | $932 | $397 | 2017
Guinea * | $894 | $328 | 2017
Uganda * | $873 | $261 | 2017
Micronesia * | $823 | $775 | 2017
Rwanda * | $820 | $304 | 2017
Mali * | $792 | $295 | 2017
Nepal * | $703 | $221 | 2017
Burkina Faso * | $692 | $243 | 2017
Malawi * | $669 | $186 | 2017
Marshall Islands * | $660 | $748 | 2017
Haiti * | $576 | $248 | 2017
Madagascar * | $559 | $161 | 2017
Kiribati * | $546 | $474 | 2017
Comoros * | $520 | $257 | 2017
Niger * | $498 | $188 | 2017
Liberia * | $437 | $235 | 2017
Libya * | $431 | $213 | 2017
Burundi * | $349 | $148 | 2017
Central African Republic * | $312 | $178 | 2017
Timor-Leste * | $213 | $80 | 2017
Solomon Islands * | $189 | $185 | 2017
DR Congo * | $146 | $88 | 2017
Afghanistan * | $139 | $41 | 2017
Hong Kong * | $63 | $47 | 2017
Falkland Islands * | $0 | $0 | 2015
Macau * | $0 | $0 | 2017

## Other unfunded mandates

[edit]

Governmental unfunded mandates include state-guaranteed pay-as-you-go pension plans.[13]

Country | Unfunded pension mandates
in % of GDP[13] | Year

|
|

Austria | 451 | 2021
Belgium | 316 | 2021
Bulgaria | 197 | 2021
Croatia | 320 | 2021
Cyprus | 297 | 2021
Czech Republic | 261 | 2021
Denmark | 24 | 2021
Estonia | 315 | 2021
Finland | 330 | 2021
France | 398 | 2021
Germany | 326 | 2021
Greece | 409 | 2021
Hungary | 334 | 2021
Iceland | 98 | 2021
Ireland | 149 | 2021
Italy | 434 | 2021
Latvia | 229 | 2021
Lithuania | 280 | 2021
Luxembourg | 355 | 2021
Malta | 244 | 2021
Netherlands | 215 | 2021
Norway | 264 | 2021
Poland | 296 | 2021
Portugal | 373 | 2021
Romania | 378 | 2021
Slovakia | 232 | 2021
Slovenia | 387 | 2021
Spain | 501 | 2021
Sweden | 191 | 2021
Switzerland | 232 | 2021

## See also

[edit]

* Money portal

* List of countries by future gross government debt
* List of sovereign states by tax revenue to GDP ratio
* List of countries by credit rating
* List of countries by corporate debt
* List of countries by household debt
* List of countries by external debt
* Global debt

### Nation specific

[edit]

* National debt of the United States
* National debt of Japan
* United Kingdom national debt
* Canadian public debt
* South Africa national debt

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f International Monetary Fund (2014). "Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014" (PDF).
2. ^ OECD Data. "General government debt". OECD.org.
3. ^ OECD Data. "General government deficit". OECD.org.
4. ^ "Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union – PROTOCOLS – Protocol (No 12) on the excessive deficit procedure".
5. ^ "Applying the rules of the stability and growth pact".
6. ^ "General government gross debt". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2024-06-25.
7. ^ "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects".
8. ^ International Monetary Fund (October 2022). "World Economic Outlook Database".
9. ^ a b "Country Comparison :: Population – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on December 18, 2018.
10. ^ a b "Field Listing :: Public debt – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018.
11. ^ "Field Listing :: GDP (purchasing power parity) – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019.
12. ^ "Field Listing :: GDP (official exchange rate) – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019.
13. ^ a b "Pensions in national accounts, Table 2". Eurostat. 27 September 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2025.

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* t
* e

Lists of countries by financial rankings

Trade|

* Account balance
* Exports
* by product
* merchandise
* per capita
* service exports
* Imports
* Balance of trade
* Trade-to-GDP ratio
* Tariff rate
* Leading trade partners

Investment|

* FDI received
* past
* FDI abroad
* GFI

Funds|

* Forex reserves
* Gold reserves
* Sovereign wealth funds
* Pension funds
* Creditor nations
* Debtor nations

Budget and debt|

* Government budget
* PPP
* % of GDP
* per capita
* Credit rating
* External debt
* Government debt
* future
* Household debt
* Corporate debt

Income and taxes|

* Wage
* average
* Disposable
* minimum
* Wage growth
* GNI per capita growth
* Tax rates
* Inheritance tax
* Tax revenue

Bank rates|

* Central bank interest rate
* Commercial bank prime lending rate

Currency|

* Inflation rate

Other|

* Financial Development Index
* Average annual labor hours
* Corporate governance
* Development aid
* Ease of doing business
* Gross national savings
* Price level
* Employment/Unemployment
* Financial assets
* Labour productivity
* Wealth

* Lists of countries by GDP rankings

* List of international rankings
* Lists by country

* v
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Debt

Instruments|

| Bonds|

* Corporate
* Debenture
* Government
* Municipal

|

Loans|

* Business loan
* Consumer lending
* Loan shark
* Interest-only
* Negative amortization
* Payday loan
* Predatory lending
* Usury
* Vendor finance

Management|

* Bankruptcy
* Consolidation
* Management plan
* Relief (history)
* Restructuring
* Debt snowball method
* Debtor-in-possession (DIP) financing
* Financial literacy
* Loan guarantee

Collection · Evasion|

* Bad debt
* Charge-off
* Compliance
* Debt bondage
* Debt crisis
* List
* Debtors' prison
* Default
* Sovereign default
* Distraint
* Garnishment
* Insolvency
* Interest
* Interest expense
* Interest rate
* Promissory note
* Phantom debt
* Strategic default
* Tax refund interception

Markets|

* Consumer
* Corporate
* Corporate debt bubble
* Diplomacy
* Government debt
* List
* Government budget balance
* Unfunded mandate
* Medical
* Municipal
* Venture
* Buyer
* Deposit account
* Fixed income
* Money market
* Securitization

Economics|

* Consumer leverage ratio
* Debt-to-GDP ratio
* External / Internal / Odious debt
* Leverage

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