List of current cardinals

For a list of cardinal electors in the upcoming papal conclave, see Cardinal electors in the 2025 papal conclave.

Choir dress of a cardinal, in scarlet

Cardinals are senior members of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome. They are typically ordained bishops and generally hold important roles within the church, such as leading prominent archdioceses or heading dicasteries within the Roman Curia. Cardinals are chosen by the pope and formally created in a consistory, and one of their foremost duties is the election of a new pope – invariably from among their number, although not strictly a requirement – when the Holy See is vacant (sede vacante), following the death or resignation of a pope. Collectively, they constitute the College of Cardinals.[1][2]

Under current ecclesiastical law, as defined by the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis (1996), only cardinals who have not passed their 80th birthdays on the day on which the Holy See becomes vacant are eligible to take part in a papal conclave to elect a new pope.[3] The same apostolic constitution specifies that no more than 120 cardinals may take part in a conclave, but makes no provision for there being more than 120 eligible cardinal electors,[3] a number that has often been exceeded.[4] Cardinals may be created in pectore (lit. 'in the breast'), in which case the pope does not reveal their identities; they are not entitled to the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published by the pope. The creations of any such cardinals whose names have not been revealed before the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse.[1][5]

As of 21 April 2025,[update] there are 252 cardinals, 135 of whom are cardinal electors. The most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals was held on 7 December 2024, when Pope Francis created 21 cardinals, including 20 cardinal electors.[6] George Alencherry was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 19 April 2025; Carlos Osoro Sierra will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 16 May 2025. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of Angelo Amato on 31 December 2024, at the age of 86.[7][a]

## Cardinals

[edit]

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence:[1]

1. Cardinal bishops (CB): six cardinals who are chosen by the pope to be titular bishops of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome, plus a few additional cardinals who have been exceptionally "co-opted" as cardinal bishops,[9][10] as well as patriarchs who lead one of the Eastern Catholic Churches.[b][12][13] The two most senior cardinal bishops, who are elected by the cardinal bishops (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs) from among themselves with papal approval, are the dean and the vice dean,[1] currently Giovanni Battista Re and Leonardo Sandri, respectively. Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop is Pietro Parolin.[c]
2. Cardinal priests (CP): bishops typically in charge of dioceses around the world, as well as former cardinal deacons who have opted to be elevated to become cardinal priests.[14] The most senior cardinal priest is the protopriest, currently Michael Michai Kitbunchu; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal priest is Vinko Puljić.[c]
3. Cardinal deacons (CD): bishops who work in the Roman Curia or the diplomatic service of the Holy See, and all other clergy, including priests who have been granted a dispensation not to be consecrated a bishop before becoming a cardinal. They have the choice (Latin: optatio) of opting to become cardinal priests after having been cardinal deacons for ten years.[1][15] The most senior cardinal deacon is the protodeacon, currently Dominique Mamberti; he is also the senior cardinal deacon among the cardinal electors. The junior cardinal deacon among the electors is George Koovakad.[c]

For cardinal bishops (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs), the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice dean and then, in order of appointment as cardinal bishops, by the remainder. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.

All cardinals listed are members of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the relevant post-nominal letters. Cardinals in charge of dioceses are classified under the country in which their respective dioceses are located, although they may be citizens of another country.

This list is complete and up to date as of 21 April 2025.[update]

* Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave

Rank  | Name  | Country  | Born  | Order  | Consistory  | Office  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1  | Giovanni Battista Re*  | Italy | 30 January 1934
(age 91)  | CB | 21 February 2001[i]
John Paul II | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Bishops | [17]
2  | Leonardo Sandri*  | Argentina | 18 November 1943
(age 81)  | CB | 24 November 2007[ii]
Benedict XVI | Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches | [18]
3  | Francis Arinze*  | Nigeria | 1 November 1932
(age 92)  | CB | 25 May 1985[iii]
John Paul II | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments | [19]
4  | Tarcisio Bertone SDB*  | Italy | 2 December 1934
(age 90)  | CB | 21 October 2003[iv]
John Paul II | Secretary of State emeritus of His Holiness and Camerlengo emeritus of the Holy Roman Church | [20]
5  | José Saraiva Martins CMF*  | Portugal | 6 January 1932
(age 93)se  | CB | 21 February 2001[v]
John Paul II | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints | [21]
6  | Pietro Parolin | Italy | 17 January 1955
(age 70)  | CB | 22 February 2014[vi]
Francis | Secretary of State of His Holiness[d] | [22]
7  | Marc Ouellet PSS*  | Canada | 8 June 1944
(age 80)  | CB | 21 October 2003[vi]
John Paul II | Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Bishops | [23]
8  | Fernando Filoni | Italy | 15 April 1946
(age 79)  | CB | 18 February 2012[vii]
Benedict XVI | Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre | [24]
9  | Beniamino Stella*  | Italy | 18 August 1941
(age 83)  | CB | 22 February 2014[viii]
Francis | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy | [25]
10  | Luis Antonio Tagle | Philippines | 21 June 1957
(age 67)  | CB | 24 November 2012[ix]
Benedict XVI | Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization[d] | [26]
11  | Robert Francis Prevost OSA | United States | 14 September 1955
(age 69)  | CB | 30 September 2023[x]
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops[d] | [27]
12  | Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*  | Lebanon | 25 February 1940
(age 85)  | CB | 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI | Patriarch of Antioch
(Maronite Church)  | [28]
13  | Louis Raphaël I Sako | Iraq | 4 July 1948
(age 76)  | CB | 28 June 2018
Francis | Patriarch of Baghdad
(Chaldean Church)  | [29]
14  | Michael Michai Kitbunchu*  | Thailand | 25 January 1929
(age 96)  | CP | 2 February 1983
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok | [30]
15  | Paul Poupard*  | France | 30 August 1930
(age 94)  | CP | 25 May 1985[xi]
John Paul II | President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Culture and for Interreligious Dialogue | [31]
16  | Friedrich Wetter*  | Germany | 20 February 1928
(age 97)  | CP | 25 May 1985
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Munich and Freising | [32]
17  | Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*  | Dominican Republic | 31 October 1936
(age 88)  | CP | 28 June 1991
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Santo Domingo | [33]
18  | Roger Mahony*  | United States | 27 February 1936
(age 89)  | CP | 28 June 1991
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles | [34]
19  | Camillo Ruini*  | Italy | 19 February 1931
(age 94)  | CP | 28 June 1991
John Paul II | Vicar General emeritus for Rome and Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran | [35]
20  | Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*  | Indonesia | 20 December 1934
(age 90)  | CP | 26 November 1994
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta | [36]
21  | Emmanuel Wamala*  | Uganda | 15 December 1926
(age 98)  | CP | 26 November 1994
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Kampala | [37]
22  | Adam Maida*  | United States | 18 March 1930
(age 95)  | CP | 26 November 1994
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Detroit | [38]
23  | Vinko Puljić | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 8 September 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 26 November 1994
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Vrhbosna | [39]
24  | Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*  | Mexico | 28 March 1933
(age 92)  | CP | 26 November 1994
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Guadalajara | [40]
25  | James Stafford*  | United States | 26 July 1932
(age 92)  | CP | 21 February 1998[xii]
John Paul II | Major Penitentiary emeritus | [41]
26  | Salvatore De Giorgi*  | Italy | 6 September 1930
(age 94)  | CP | 21 February 1998
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Palermo | [42]
27  | Antonio María Rouco Varela*  | Spain | 20 August 1936
(age 88)  | CP | 21 February 1998
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Madrid | [43]
28  | Polycarp Pengo*  | Tanzania | 5 August 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 21 February 1998
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Dar-es-Salaam | [44]
29  | Christoph Schönborn OP*  | Austria[e] | 22 January 1945
(age 80)  | CP | 21 February 1998
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Vienna | [45]
30  | Norberto Rivera Carrera*  | Mexico | 6 June 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 21 February 1998
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Mexico | [46]
31  | Jānis Pujats*  | Latvia | 14 November 1930
(age 94)  | CP | 21 February 1998[f]
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Riga | [47]
32  | Crescenzio Sepe*  | Italy | 2 June 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 21 February 2001[xiii]
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Naples | [48]
33  | Walter Kasper*  | Germany | 5 March 1933
(age 92)  | CP | 21 February 2001[xiv]
John Paul II | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity | [49]
34  | Audrys Bačkis*  | Lithuania | 1 February 1937
(age 88)  | CP | 21 February 2001
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Vilnius | [50]
35  | Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*  | Chile | 5 September 1933
(age 91)  | CP | 21 February 2001
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile | [51]
36  | Wilfrid Napier OFM*  | South Africa | 8 March 1941
(age 84)  | CP | 21 February 2001
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Durban | [52]
37  | Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*  | Honduras | 29 December 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 21 February 2001
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Tegucigalpa and Coordinator emeritus of the Council of Cardinals | [53]
38  | Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne*  | Peru | 28 December 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 21 February 2001
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Lima | [54]
39  | Julián Herranz Casado*  | Spain | 31 March 1930
(age 95)  | CP | 21 October 2003[xv]
John Paul II | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts | [55]
40  | Angelo Scola*  | Italy | 7 November 1941
(age 83)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Milan | [56]
41  | Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*  | Nigeria | 16 June 1936
(age 88)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Lagos | [57]
42  | Gabriel Zubeir Wako*  | Sudan | 27 February 1941
(age 84)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Khartoum | [58]
43  | Justin Rigali*  | United States | 19 April 1935
(age 90)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia | [59]
44  | Ennio Antonelli*  | Italy | 18 November 1936
(age 88)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Family | [60]
45  | Peter Turkson | Ghana | 11 October 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences | [61]
46  | Josip Bozanić | Croatia | 20 March 1949
(age 76)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Zagreb | [62]
47  | Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*  | Vietnam | 5 March 1934
(age 91)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Ho Chi Minh City | [63]
48  | Philippe Barbarin | France | 17 October 1950
(age 74)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop emeritus of Lyon | [64]
49  | Péter Erdő | Hungary | 25 June 1952
(age 72)  | CP | 21 October 2003
John Paul II | Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest | [65]
50  | Franc Rodé CM*  | Slovenia | 23 September 1934
(age 90)  | CP | 24 March 2006[xvi]
Benedict XVI | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life | [66]
51  | Agostino Vallini*  | Italy | 17 April 1940
(age 85)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Pontifical Legate for the Basilicas of Saint Francis and Saint Mary of the Angels in Assisi | [67]
52  | Gaudencio Borbon Rosales*  | Philippines | 10 August 1932
(age 92)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Manila | [68]
53  | Jean-Pierre Ricard*  | France | 25 September 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Bordeaux | [69]
54  | Antonio Cañizares Llovera | Spain | 15 October 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Valencia | [70]
55  | Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap*  | United States | 29 June 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Boston and President of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors | [71]
56  | Stanisław Dziwisz*  | Poland | 27 April 1939
(age 85)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Kraków | [72]
57  | Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*  | China
(Hong Kong)[g] | 13 January 1932
(age 93)  | CP | 24 March 2006
Benedict XVI | Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong | [73]
58  | Giovanni Lajolo*  | Italy | 3 January 1935
(age 90)  | CP | 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State | [74]
59  | Angelo Comastri*  | Italy | 17 September 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI | Vicar General emeritus for Vatican City, Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President emeritus of the Fabric of Saint Peter | [75]
60  | Stanisław Ryłko | Poland | 4 July 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI | Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major | [76]
61  | Raffaele Farina SDB*  | Italy | 24 September 1933
(age 91)  | CP | 24 November 2007[xvii]
Benedict XVI | Archivist and Librarian emeritus of the Holy Roman Church | [77]
62  | Seán Brady*  | Ireland[h] | 16 August 1939
(age 85)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Armagh | [78]
63  | Lluís Martínez i Sistach*  | Spain | 29 April 1937
(age 87)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Barcelona | [79]
64  | André Vingt-Trois*  | France | 7 November 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Paris | [80]
65  | Angelo Bagnasco*  | Italy | 14 January 1943
(age 82)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Genoa | [81]
66  | Théodore-Adrien Sarr*  | Senegal | 28 November 1936
(age 88)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Dakar | [82]
67  | Oswald Gracias*  | India | 24 December 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Bombay | [83]
68  | Francisco Robles Ortega | Mexico | 2 March 1949
(age 76)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of Guadalajara | [84]
69  | Daniel DiNardo | United States | 23 May 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Galveston–Houston | [85]
70  | Odilo Scherer | Brazil | 21 September 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of São Paulo | [86]
71  | John Njue | Kenya | 1 January 1946[i]
(age 79)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Nairobi | [87]
72  | Estanislao Esteban Karlic*  | Argentina | 7 February 1926
(age 99)  | CP | 24 November 2007
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Paraná | [89]
73  | Robert Sarah | Guinea | 15 June 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments | [90]
74  | Francesco Monterisi*  | Italy | 28 May 1934
(age 90)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls | [91]
75  | Raymond Leo Burke | United States | 30 June 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | Patron emeritus of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta | [92]
76  | Kurt Koch | Switzerland | 15 March 1950
(age 75)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity[d] | [93]
77  | Mauro Piacenza*  | Italy | 15 September 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | Major Penitentiary emeritus | [94]
78  | Gianfranco Ravasi*  | Italy | 18 October 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Culture | [95]
79  | Paolo Romeo*  | Italy | 20 February 1938
(age 87)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Palermo | [96]
80  | Donald Wuerl*  | United States | 12 November 1940
(age 84)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Washington | [97]
81  | Raymundo Damasceno Assis*  | Brazil | 15 February 1937
(age 88)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Aparecida | [98]
82  | Kazimierz Nycz | Poland | 1 February 1950
(age 75)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Warsaw | [99]
83  | Malcolm Ranjith | Sri Lanka | 15 November 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of Colombo | [100]
84  | Reinhard Marx | Germany | 21 September 1953
(age 71)  | CP | 20 November 2010
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Coordinator of the Council for the Economy[d] | [101]
85  | Walter Brandmüller*  | Germany | 5 January 1929
(age 96)  | CP | 20 November 2010[xviii]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences | [102]
86  | Manuel Monteiro de Castro*  | Portugal | 29 March 1938
(age 87)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | Major Penitentiary emeritus | [103]
87  | Santos Abril y Castelló*  | Spain | 21 September 1935
(age 89)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major | [104]
88  | Antonio Maria Vegliò*  | Italy | 3 February 1938
(age 87)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People | [105]
89  | Giuseppe Bertello*  | Italy | 1 October 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State | [106]
90  | Francesco Coccopalmerio*  | Italy | 6 March 1938
(age 87)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts | [107]
91  | João Braz de Aviz | Brazil | 24 April 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life | [108]
92  | Edwin Frederick O'Brien*  | United States | 8 April 1939
(age 86)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | Grand Master emeritus of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre | [109]
93  | Domenico Calcagno*  | Italy | 3 February 1943
(age 82)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | President emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See | [110]
94  | Giuseppe Versaldi*  | Italy | 30 July 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 18 February 2012[xix]
Benedict XVI | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Catholic Education | [111]
95  | George Alencherry*  | India | 19 April 1945
(age 80)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Major Archbishop emeritus of Ernakulam–Angamaly
(Syro-Malabar Church)  | [112]
96  | Thomas Collins | Canada | 16 January 1947
(age 78)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Toronto | [113]
97  | Dominik Duka OP*  | Czech Republic | 26 April 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Prague | [114]
98  | Wim Eijk | Netherlands | 22 June 1953
(age 71)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of Utrecht | [115]
99  | Giuseppe Betori | Italy | 25 February 1947
(age 78)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Florence | [116]
100  | Timothy M. Dolan | United States | 6 February 1950
(age 75)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of New York | [117]
101  | Rainer Woelki | Germany | 18 August 1956
(age 68)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop of Cologne | [118]
102  | John Tong Hon*  | China
(Hong Kong)[g] | 31 July 1939
(age 85)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong | [119]
103  | Lucian Mureșan*  | Romania | 23 May 1931
(age 93)  | CP | 18 February 2012
Benedict XVI | Major Archbishop of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia
(Romanian Greek Church)  | [120]
104  | James Michael Harvey | United States | 20 October 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 24 November 2012[xx]
Benedict XVI | Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls | [121]
105  | Baselios Cleemis | India | 15 June 1959
(age 65)  | CP | 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI | Major Archbishop of Trivandrum
(Syro-Malankara Church)  | [122]
106  | John Onaiyekan*  | Nigeria | 29 January 1944
(age 81)  | CP | 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Abuja | [123]
107  | Rubén Salazar Gómez*  | Colombia | 22 September 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 24 November 2012
Benedict XVI | Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá | [124]
108  | Lorenzo Baldisseri*  | Italy | 29 September 1940
(age 84)  | CP | 22 February 2014[xx]
Francis | Secretary-General emeritus of the Synod of Bishops | [125]
109  | Gerhard Ludwig Müller | Germany | 31 December 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 22 February 2014[xx]
Francis | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith | [126]
110  | Vincent Nichols | United Kingdom | 8 November 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop of Westminster | [127]
111  | Leopoldo Brenes | Nicaragua | 7 March 1949
(age 76)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop of Managua | [128]
112  | Gérald Lacroix ISPX | Canada | 27 July 1957
(age 67)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop of Quebec | [129]
113  | Jean-Pierre Kutwa | Ivory Coast | 22 December 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Abidjan | [130]
114  | Orani João Tempesta OCist | Brazil | 23 June 1950
(age 74)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro | [131]
115  | Gualtiero Bassetti*  | Italy | 7 April 1942
(age 83)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Perugia–Città della Pieve | [132]
116  | Mario Aurelio Poli | Argentina | 29 November 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Buenos Aires | [133]
117  | Andrew Yeom Soo-jung*  | South Korea | 5 December 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Seoul | [134]
118  | Ricardo Ezzati SDB*  | Chile[j] | 7 January 1942
(age 83)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile | [135]
119  | Philippe Ouédraogo | Burkina Faso | 31 December 1945[k]
(age 79)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Ouagadougou | [137]
120  | Orlando Quevedo OMI*  | Philippines | 11 March 1939
(age 86)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Cotabato | [138]
121  | Chibly Langlois | Haiti | 29 November 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 22 February 2014
Francis | Bishop of Les Cayes | [139]
122  | Manuel Clemente | Portugal | 16 July 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Patriarch emeritus of Lisbon | [140]
123  | Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM | Ethiopia | 14 July 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop of Addis Abeba
(Ethiopian Church)  | [141]
124  | John Dew | New Zealand | 5 May 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Wellington | [142]
125  | Edoardo Menichelli*  | Italy | 14 October 1939
(age 85)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Ancona–Osimo | [143]
126  | Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*  | Vietnam | 1 April 1938
(age 87)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Hanoi | [144]
127  | Alberto Suárez Inda*  | Mexico | 30 January 1939
(age 86)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Morelia | [145]
128  | Charles Maung Bo SDB | Myanmar | 29 October 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop of Yangon | [146]
129  | Kriengsak Kovitvanit | Thailand | 27 June 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok | [147]
130  | Francesco Montenegro | Italy | 22 May 1946
(age 78)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Agrigento | [148]
131  | Daniel Sturla SDB | Uruguay | 4 July 1959
(age 65)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop of Montevideo | [149]
132  | Ricardo Blázquez*  | Spain | 13 April 1942
(age 83)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Valladolid | [150]
133  | José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR*  | Panama[l] | 24 February 1944
(age 81)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Bishop emeritus of David | [151]
134  | Arlindo Gomes Furtado | Cape Verde | 15 November 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Bishop of Santiago de Cabo Verde | [152]
135  | Soane Patita Paini Mafi | Tonga | 19 December 1961
(age 63)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Bishop of Tonga | [153]
136  | Luis Héctor Villalba*  | Argentina | 11 October 1934
(age 90)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Tucumán | [154]
137  | Júlio Duarte Langa*  | Mozambique | 27 October 1927
(age 97)  | CP | 14 February 2015
Francis | Bishop emeritus of Xai-Xai | [155]
138  | Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp | Central African Republic | 14 March 1967
(age 58)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of Bangui | [156]
139  | Carlos Osoro Sierra | Spain | 16 May 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Madrid | [157]
140  | Sérgio da Rocha | Brazil | 21 October 1959
(age 65)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia | [158]
141  | Blase J. Cupich | United States | 19 March 1949
(age 76)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of Chicago | [159]
142  | Patrick D'Rozario CSC*  | Bangladesh | 1 October 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Dhaka | [160]
143  | Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo*  | Venezuela | 10 October 1944
(age 80)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Caracas | [161]
144  | Jozef De Kesel | Belgium | 17 June 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Mechelen–Brussels | [162]
145  | Maurice Piat CSSp*  | Mauritius | 19 July 1941
(age 83)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Bishop emeritus of Port-Louis | [163]
146  | Carlos Aguiar Retes | Mexico | 9 January 1950
(age 75)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of Mexico | [164]
147  | John Ribat MSC | Papua New Guinea | 9 February 1957
(age 68)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of Port Moresby | [165]
148  | Joseph W. Tobin CSsR | United States | 3 May 1952
(age 72)  | CP | 19 November 2016
Francis | Archbishop of Newark | [166]
149  | Jean Zerbo*  | Mali | 27 December 1943
(age 81)  | CP | 28 June 2017
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Bamako | [167]
150  | Juan José Omella | Spain | 21 April 1946
(age 79)  | CP | 28 June 2017
Francis | Archbishop of Barcelona | [168]
151  | Anders Arborelius OCD | Sweden | 24 September 1949
(age 75)  | CP | 28 June 2017
Francis | Bishop of Stockholm | [169]
152  | Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD*  | Laos | 8 April 1944
(age 81)  | CP | 28 June 2017
Francis | Apostolic Vicar emeritus of Vientiane | [170]
153  | Gregorio Rosa Chávez*  | El Salvador | 3 September 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 28 June 2017
Francis | Auxiliary Bishop emeritus of San Salvador | [171]
154  | Angelo De Donatis | Italy | 4 January 1954
(age 71)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Major Penitentiary | [172]
155  | Joseph Coutts | Pakistan | 21 July 1945
(age 79)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Karachi | [173]
156  | António Marto | Portugal | 5 May 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Bishop emeritus of Leiria–Fátima | [174]
157  | Pedro Barreto SJ*  | Peru | 12 February 1944
(age 81)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Huancayo | [175]
158  | Désiré Tsarahazana | Madagascar | 13 June 1954
(age 70)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Archbishop of Toamasina | [176]
159  | Giuseppe Petrocchi | Italy | 19 August 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of L'Aquila | [177]
160  | Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda | Japan | 3 March 1949
(age 76)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Archbishop of Osaka–Takamatsu | [178]
161  | Toribio Ticona Porco*  | Bolivia | 25 April 1937
(age 87)  | CP | 28 June 2018
Francis | Bishop Prelate emeritus of Corocoro | [179]
162  | Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo | Indonesia | 9 July 1950
(age 74)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of Jakarta | [180]
163  | Juan García Rodríguez | Cuba | 11 July 1948
(age 76)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la Habana | [181]
164  | Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 24 January 1960
(age 65)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of Kinshasa | [182]
165  | Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ | Luxembourg | 9 August 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of Luxembourg | [183]
166  | Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri | Guatemala | 16 July 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Bishop of Huehuetenango | [184]
167  | Matteo Zuppi | Italy | 11 October 1955
(age 69)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of Bologna | [185]
168  | Cristóbal López Romero SDB | Morocco[m] | 19 May 1952
(age 72)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop of Rabat | [186]
169  | Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*  | Lithuania | 7 November 1938
(age 86)  | CP | 5 October 2019
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Kaunas | [187]
170  | Antoine Kambanda | Rwanda | 10 November 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Archbishop of Kigali | [188]
171  | Wilton Daniel Gregory | United States | 7 December 1947
(age 77)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Washington | [189]
172  | Jose Advincula OP | Philippines | 30 March 1952
(age 73)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Archbishop of Manila | [190]
173  | Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap*  | Chile[n] | 6 April 1945
(age 80)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile | [191]
174  | Augusto Paolo Lojudice | Italy | 1 July 1964
(age 60)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Archbishop of Siena–Colle di Val d'Elsa–Montalcino and Bishop of Montepulciano–Chiusi–Pienza | [192]
175  | Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*  | Mexico | 1 May 1940
(age 84)  | CP | 28 November 2020
Francis | Bishop emeritus of San Cristóbal de Las Casas | [193]
176  | Jean-Marc Aveline | France | 26 December 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Marseille | [194]
177  | Peter Okpaleke | Nigeria | 1 March 1963
(age 62)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Bishop of Ekwulobia | [195]
178  | Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM | Brazil | 6 November 1950
(age 74)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Manaus | [196]
179  | Filipe Neri Ferrão | India | 20 January 1953
(age 72)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Goa and Daman and Patriarch of the East Indies | [197]
180  | Robert W. McElroy | United States | 5 February 1954
(age 71)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Washington | [198]
181  | Virgílio do Carmo da Silva SDB | East Timor | 27 November 1967
(age 57)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Díli | [199]
182  | Oscar Cantoni | Italy | 1 September 1950
(age 74)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Bishop of Como | [200]
183  | Anthony Poola | India | 15 November 1961
(age 63)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Hyderabad | [201]
184  | Paulo Cezar Costa | Brazil | 20 July 1967
(age 57)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Brasília | [202]
185  | William Goh | Singapore | 25 June 1957
(age 67)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Singapore | [203]
186  | Adalberto Martínez Flores | Paraguay | 8 July 1951
(age 73)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop of Asunción | [204]
187  | Giorgio Marengo IMC | Mongolia[o] | 7 June 1974
(age 50)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Apostolic Prefect of Ulaanbaatar | [205]
188  | Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*  | Colombia | 29 March 1942
(age 83)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Cartagena | [206]
189  | Arrigo Miglio*  | Italy | 18 July 1942
(age 82)  | CP | 27 August 2022
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Cagliari | [207]
190  | Pierbattista Pizzaballa OFM | Jerusalem[p] | 21 April 1965
(age 60)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem | [208]
191  | Stephen Brislin | South Africa | 24 September 1956
(age 68)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Johannesburg | [209]
192  | Ángel Sixto Rossi SJ | Argentina | 11 August 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Córdoba | [210]
193  | Luis José Rueda Aparicio | Colombia | 3 March 1962
(age 63)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Bogotá | [211]
194  | Grzegorz Ryś | Poland | 9 February 1964
(age 61)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Łódź | [212]
195  | Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla | South Sudan | 10 January 1964
(age 61)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Juba | [213]
196  | José Cobo Cano | Spain | 20 September 1965
(age 59)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Madrid | [214]
197  | Protase Rugambwa | Tanzania | 31 May 1960
(age 64)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop of Tabora | [215]
198  | Sebastian Francis | Malaysia | 11 November 1951
(age 73)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Bishop of Penang | [216]
199  | Stephen Chow Sau-yan SJ | China
(Hong Kong)[g] | 7 August 1959
(age 65)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Bishop of Hong Kong | [217]
200  | François-Xavier Bustillo OFMConv | France[q] | 23 November 1968
(age 56)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Bishop of Ajaccio | [218]
201  | Américo Aguiar | Portugal | 12 December 1973
(age 51)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Bishop of Setúbal | [219]
202  | Diego Rafael Padrón Sánchez*  | Venezuela | 17 May 1939
(age 85)  | CP | 30 September 2023
Francis | Archbishop emeritus of Cumaná | [220]
203  | Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio | Peru | 28 February 1950
(age 75)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Lima | [221]
204  | Vicente Bokalic Iglic CM | Argentina | 11 June 1952
(age 72)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Santiago del Estero | [221]
205  | Luis Cabrera Herrera OFM | Ecuador | 11 October 1955
(age 69)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Guayaquil | [221]
206  | Fernando Chomalí Garib | Chile | 10 March 1957
(age 68)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Santiago de Chile | [221]
207  | Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi SVD | Japan | 1 November 1958
(age 66)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Tokyo | [221]
208  | Pablo Virgilio David | Philippines | 2 March 1959
(age 66)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Bishop of Kalookan | [221]
209  | Ladislav Nemet SVD | Serbia[r] | 7 September 1956
(age 68)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Belgrade | [221]
210  | Jaime Spengler OFM | Brazil | 6 September 1960
(age 64)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Porto Alegre | [221]
211  | Ignace Bessi Dogbo | Ivory Coast | 17 August 1961
(age 63)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Abidjan | [221]
212  | Jean-Paul Vesco OP | Algeria[s] | 10 March 1962
(age 63)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Algiers | [221]
213  | Dominique Mathieu OFMConv | Iran[t] | 13 June 1963
(age 61)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Tehran–Isfahan | [221]
214  | Roberto Repole | Italy | 29 January 1967
(age 58)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Turin and Bishop of Susa | [221]
215  | Baldassare Reina | Italy | 26 November 1970
(age 54)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Vicar General for Rome and Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran | [221]
216  | Frank Leo | Canada | 30 June 1971
(age 53)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Toronto | [221]
217  | Mykola Bychok CSsR | Australia[u] | 13 February 1980
(age 45)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Eparch of Saints Peter and Paul of Melbourne
(Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church)  | [221]
218  | Domenico Battaglia | Italy | 20 January 1963
(age 62)  | CP | 7 December 2024
Francis | Archbishop of Naples | [221]
219  | Dominique Mamberti | France | 7 March 1952
(age 73)  | CD | 14 February 2015
Francis | Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura[d] | [222]
220  | Mario Zenari | Italy | 5 January 1946
(age 79)  | CD | 19 November 2016
Francis | Apostolic Nuncio to Syria | [223]
221  | Kevin Farrell | United States[v] | 2 September 1947
(age 77)  | CD | 19 November 2016
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life[d] and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church | [224]
222  | Ernest Simoni*  | Albania | 18 October 1928
(age 96)  | CD | 19 November 2016
Francis | Priest of the Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult[w] | [225]
223  | Luis Ladaria Ferrer SJ*  | Spain | 19 April 1944
(age 81)  | CD | 28 June 2018
Francis | Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith | [226]
224  | Giovanni Angelo Becciu*[x] | Italy | 2 June 1948
(age 76)  | CD | 28 June 2018
Francis | Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints | [229]
225  | Konrad Krajewski | Poland | 25 November 1963
(age 61)  | CD | 28 June 2018
Francis | Almoner of His Holiness | [230]
226  | Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*  | Spain | 17 May 1938
(age 86)  | CD | 28 June 2018
Francis | Superior General emeritus of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary | [231]
227  | José Tolentino de Mendonça | Portugal | 15 December 1965
(age 59)  | CD | 5 October 2019
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for Culture and Education[d] | [232]
228  | Michael Czerny SJ | Canada[y] | 18 July 1946
(age 78)  | CD | 5 October 2019
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development[d] | [233]
229  | Michael Fitzgerald MAfr*  | United Kingdom | 17 August 1937
(age 87)  | CD | 5 October 2019
Francis | Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Egypt | [234]
230  | Mario Grech | Malta | 20 February 1957
(age 68)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Secretary-General of the Synod of Bishops | [235]
231  | Marcello Semeraro | Italy | 22 December 1947
(age 77)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints[d] | [236]
232  | Mauro Gambetti OFMConv | Italy | 27 October 1965
(age 59)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Vicar General for Vatican City, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President of the Fabric of Saint Peter | [237]
233  | Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*  | Italy | 12 October 1940
(age 84)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Special Delegate to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta | [238]
234  | Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*  | Italy | 22 July 1934
(age 90)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Preacher emeritus of the Papal Household[w] | [239]
235  | Enrico Feroci*  | Italy | 27 August 1940
(age 84)  | CD | 28 November 2020
Francis | Pastor of the Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love in Castel di Leva, Rome  | [240]
236  | Arthur Roche | United Kingdom | 6 March 1950
(age 75)  | CD | 27 August 2022
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments[d] | [241]
237  | Lazarus You Heung-sik | South Korea | 17 November 1951
(age 73)  | CD | 27 August 2022
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for the Clergy[d] | [242]
238  | Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC*  | Spain | 1 March 1945
(age 80)  | CD | 27 August 2022
Francis | President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State | [243]
239  | Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*  | Italy | 5 July 1942
(age 82)  | CD | 27 August 2022
Francis | Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta[w] | [244]
240  | Fortunato Frezza*  | Italy | 6 February 1942
(age 83)  | CD | 27 August 2022
Francis | Canon of the Chapter of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter | [245]
241  | Claudio Gugerotti | Italy | 7 October 1955
(age 69)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches[d] | [246]
242  | Víctor Manuel Fernández | Argentina | 18 July 1962
(age 62)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith[d] | [247]
243  | Emil Paul Tscherrig | Switzerland | 3 February 1947
(age 78)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Italy and San Marino | [248]
244  | Christophe Pierre | France | 30 January 1946
(age 79)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Apostolic Nuncio to the United States | [249]
245  | Ángel Fernández Artime SDB | Spain | 21 August 1960
(age 64)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life | [250]
246  | Agostino Marchetto*  | Italy | 28 August 1940
(age 84)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Secretary emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People | [251]
247  | Luis Pascual Dri OFMCap*  | Argentina | 17 April 1927
(age 98)  | CD | 30 September 2023
Francis | Confessor at the Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei [es], Buenos Aires  | [252]
248  | Angelo Acerbi*  | Italy | 23 September 1925
(age 99)  | CD | 7 December 2024
Francis | Apostolic Nuncio emeritus  | [221]
249  | Rolandas Makrickas | Lithuania | 31 January 1972
(age 53)  | CD | 7 December 2024
Francis | Coadjutor Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major | [221]
250  | Timothy Radcliffe OP | United Kingdom | 22 August 1945
(age 79)  | CD | 7 December 2024
Francis | Master emeritus of the Order of Preachers | [221]
251  | Fabio Baggio CS | Italy | 15 January 1965
(age 60)  | CD | 7 December 2024
Francis | Undersecretary of the Migrants and Refugees Section of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development | [221]
252  | George Koovakad | India | 11 August 1973
(age 51)  | CD | 7 December 2024
Francis | Prefect of the Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue[d]
(Syro-Malabar Catholic Church)  | [221]

## Demographics of the College of Cardinals

[edit]

As of 21 April 2025,[update] 135 of 252 cardinals are eligible to participate in a papal conclave. The current threshold number of votes needed to be elected pope with the required two-thirds supermajority is 90, assuming that all 135 cardinal electors were to participate in a conclave (and notwithstanding the maximum of 120 electors specified in Universi Dominici gregis).[3][253]

### Cardinals by appointing pope

[edit]

This table indicates the number of current cardinals created by each pope and belonging to each order of the college.

Pope  | All cardinals  | Cardinal electors

|
|

No. | Name  | CB | CP | CD | Total  | CB | CP | CD | Total
264 | John Paul II
(1978–2005) | 5 | 36 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5
265 | Benedict XVI
(2005–2013) | 4 | 58 | 0 | 62 | 2 | 20 | 0 | 22
266 | Francis
(2013–2025) | 4 | 111 | 34 | 149 | 3 | 85 | 20 | 108
Total  | 13 | 205 | 34 | 252  | 5 | 110 | 20 | 135

### Cardinals by particular church sui iuris

[edit]

While most cardinals belong to the Latin Church, which encompasses the vast majority of Catholics, a small number of cardinals belong to one of the twenty-three autonomous (sui iuris) Eastern Catholic Churches. At present, there are eight Eastern Catholic cardinals, including five cardinal electors, belonging to seven particular churches sui iuris:

* Bechara Boutros al-Rahi (Maronite Church)
* Louis Raphaël I Sako (Chaldean Church), cardinal elector
* George Alencherry (Syro-Malabar Church)
* Lucian Mureșan (Romanian Greek Church)
* Baselios Cleemis (Syro-Malankara Church), cardinal elector
* Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel (Ethiopian Church), cardinal elector
* Mykola Bychok (Ukrainian Greek Church), cardinal elector
* George Koovakad (Syro-Malabar Church), cardinal elector

Particular church sui iuris | All cardinals  | Cardinal electors

|
|

Latin Church (Western) | 244 | 130
Eastern Churches | Chaldean Church | 1 | 1
Ethiopian Church | 1 | 1
Maronite Church | 1 | 0
Romanian Greek Church | 1 | 0
Syro-Malabar Church | 2 | 1
Syro-Malankara Church | 1 | 1
Ukrainian Greek Church | 1 | 1
Subtotal | 8 | 5
Total  | 252 | 135

### Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life

[edit]

At present, there are 66 cardinals, including 34 cardinal electors, who are members of the religious life, representing 28 institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life. In this table, the common name for the members of an institute or society, if different from its formal name, is given in brackets.

Post-nominal  | Institute or society  | All cardinals  | Cardinal electors

|
|
|

CJM | Congregation of Jesus and Mary (Eudists) | 1 | 0
CM | Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians, Lazarists) | 3 | 2
CMF | Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Claretians) | 2 | 0
CS | Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians) | 2 | 1
CSC | Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers) | 1 | 0
CSSp | Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers, Spiritans) | 2 | 1
CSsR | Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) | 2 | 2
IMC | Institute of Consolata Missionaries | 1 | 1
ISch | Institute of Schönstatt Fathers | 1 | 0
ISPX | Pius X Secular Institute | 1 | 1
IVD | Voluntas Dei Institute | 1 | 0
LC | Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ | 1 | 0
MAfr | Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) | 1 | 0
MSC | Missionaries of the Sacred Heart | 1 | 1
OAR | Order of Augustinian Recollects | 1 | 0
OCD | Order of Discalced Carmelites | 1 | 1
OCist | Order of Cistercians | 1 | 1
OFM | Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans) | 5 | 4
OFMCap | Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins) | 5 | 1
OFMConv | Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans) | 3 | 3
OMI | Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates) | 1 | 0
OMM | Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians) | 1 | 0
OP | Order of Preachers (Dominicans) | 5 | 3
OSA | Order of Saint Augustine (Augustinians) | 1 | 1
PSS | Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians) | 1 | 0
SDB | Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians) | 10 | 5
SJ | Society of Jesus (Jesuits) | 9 | 4
SVD | Society of the Divine Word (Verbites) | 2 | 2
None | Secular clergy | 186 | 101
Total  | 252 | 135

### Cardinals by continent

[edit]

For the purposes of this article, countries are grouped into continents generally according to the regions of the United Nations geoscheme; for the region of the Americas, North America comprises the subregions of Northern America, Central America and the Caribbean, while South America comprises the remaining subregion of the same name.[254] The statistics for the global distribution of Catholics are taken from the 2023 edition[update] of the Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae (Statistical Yearbook of the Church), published in 2025.[255]

Continent  | All cardinals  | Cardinal electors  | Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)

|
|
|

Number  | Percentage  | Number  | Percentage
Africa | 29 | 11.5%  | 18 | 13.3%  | 20.0%
North America | 36 | 14.3%  | 20 | 14.8%  | 20.4%
South America | 32 | 12.7%  | 17 | 12.6%  | 27.4%
Asia | 37 | 14.7%  | 23 | 17.0%  | 11.0%
Europe | 114 | 45.2%  | 53 | 40.0%  | 20.4%
Oceania | 4 | 1.6%  | 4 | 3.0%  | 0.8%
Total  | 252 | 100.0%  | 135 | 100.0%  | 100.0%

### Cardinals by country

[edit]

At present, 94 countries are represented in the College of Cardinals, including 71 with at least one cardinal elector. The countries with the greatest numbers of cardinals are Italy (51), the United States (17), and Spain (13). Among the cardinal electors, the countries with the greatest numbers are Italy (17), the United States (10), and Brazil (7).

Country  | Continent  | All cardinals  | Cardinal electors

|
|
|

Albania | Europe | 1 | 0
Algeria | Africa | 1 | 1
Argentina | South America | 8 | 4
Australia | Oceania | 1 | 1
Austria | Europe | 1 | 0
Bangladesh | Asia | 1 | 0
Belgium | Europe | 1 | 1
Bolivia | South America | 1 | 0
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Europe | 1 | 1
Brazil | South America | 8 | 7
Burkina Faso | Africa | 1 | 1
Canada | North America | 5 | 4
Cape Verde | Africa | 1 | 1
Central African Republic | Africa | 1 | 1
Chile | South America | 4 | 1
Colombia | South America | 3 | 1
Cuba | North America | 1 | 1
Democratic Republic of the Congo | Africa | 1 | 1
Croatia | Europe | 1 | 1
Czech Republic | Europe | 1 | 0
Dominican Republic | North America | 1 | 0
East Timor | Asia | 1 | 1
Ecuador | South America | 1 | 1
El Salvador | North America | 1 | 0
Ethiopia | Africa | 1 | 1
France | Europe | 8 | 5
Germany | Europe | 6 | 3
Ghana | Africa | 1 | 1
Guatemala | North America | 1 | 1
Guinea | Africa | 1 | 1
Haiti | North America | 1 | 1
Honduras | North America | 1 | 0
Hong Kong (China)[g] | Asia | 3 | 1
Hungary | Europe | 1 | 1
India | Asia | 6 | 4
Indonesia | Asia | 2 | 1
Iran | Asia | 1 | 1
Iraq | Asia | 1 | 1
Ireland | Europe | 1 | 0
Italy | Europe | 51 | 17
Ivory Coast | Africa | 2 | 2
Japan | Asia | 2 | 2
Jerusalem[p] | Asia | 1 | 1
Kenya | Africa | 1 | 1
South Korea | Asia | 2 | 1
Laos | Asia | 1 | 0
Latvia | Europe | 1 | 0
Lebanon | Asia | 1 | 0
Lithuania | Europe | 3 | 1
Luxembourg | Europe | 1 | 1
Madagascar | Africa | 1 | 1
Malaysia | Asia | 1 | 1
Mali | Africa | 1 | 0
Malta | Europe | 1 | 1
Mauritius | Africa | 1 | 0
Mexico | North America | 6 | 2
Mongolia | Asia | 1 | 1
Morocco | Africa | 1 | 1
Mozambique | Africa | 1 | 0
Myanmar | Asia | 1 | 1
Netherlands | Europe | 1 | 1
New Zealand | Oceania | 1 | 1
Nicaragua | North America | 1 | 1
Nigeria | Africa | 4 | 1
Pakistan | Asia | 1 | 1
Panama | North America | 1 | 0
Paraguay | South America | 1 | 1
Papua New Guinea | Oceania | 1 | 1
Peru | South America | 3 | 1
Philippines | Asia | 5 | 3
Poland | Europe | 5 | 4
Portugal | Europe | 6 | 4
Romania | Europe | 1 | 0
Rwanda | Africa | 1 | 1
Senegal | Africa | 1 | 0
Serbia | Europe | 1 | 1
Singapore | Asia | 1 | 1
Slovenia | Europe | 1 | 0
South Africa | Africa | 2 | 1
South Sudan | Africa | 1 | 1
Spain | Europe | 13 | 5
Sri Lanka | Asia | 1 | 1
Sudan | Africa | 1 | 0
Sweden | Europe | 1 | 1
Switzerland | Europe | 2 | 2
Tanzania | Africa | 2 | 1
Thailand | Asia | 2 | 1
Tonga | Oceania | 1 | 1
Uganda | Africa | 1 | 0
United Kingdom | Europe | 4 | 3
United States | North America | 17 | 10
Uruguay | South America | 1 | 1
Venezuela | South America | 2 | 0
Vietnam | Asia | 2 | 0
Total  | 252 | 135

## See also

[edit]

* Cardinals created by John Paul II
* Cardinals created by Benedict XVI
* Cardinals created by Francis
* Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave
* Cardinal electors in the 2025 papal conclave
* Council of Cardinals
* List of creations of cardinals
* Suburbicarian diocese
* Titular church (List of titular churches)

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Theodore McCarrick, who was removed as a cardinal in 2018 and laicized in 2019, died on 3 April 2025, at the age of 94.[8]
2. ^ Each cardinal bishop is titularly assigned to one of the seven suburbicarian dioceses, with the exception of the dean of the College of Cardinals, who is the titular bishop of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia ex officio, in addition to his original suburbicarian diocese when first appointed a cardinal bishop. "Co-opted" cardinal bishops and Eastern Catholic patriarchs are not assigned to a suburbicarian diocese.[1][11][12]
3. ^ a b c Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon have specific roles in a papal conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself (the senior cardinal bishop) or announcing the election of the pope (the senior cardinal deacon).[3]
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o In accordance with Universi Dominici gregis, this office is temporarily suspended due to the vacancy of the Holy See.
5. ^ Schönborn was born to a Sudeten German family in the Sudetenland (in the present-day Czech Republic), then part of Nazi Germany. His family was later expelled from Czechoslovakia to Austria, and he served as a bishop there from 1991 to 2025.
6. ^ Pujats was originally created a cardinal in pectore and formally revealed on 21 February 2001.
7. ^ a b c d Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.
8. ^ Brady's territorial jurisdiction as Archbishop of Armagh included a part of the United Kingdom.
9. ^ The Holy See Press Office's documentation gives Njue's date of birth as 1 January 1946, but previously stated that he was "born in 1944"[87] and used 31 December 1944 as his date of birth on its list of cardinal electors.[88]
10. ^ Ezzati was born in Italy, emigrated to Chile as a young man, and served as a bishop there from 1996 to 2019.
11. ^ Until January 2025, Ouédraogo’s birth date was reported as 25 January 1945. The official date has been changed to December 31; the latter date is not a real birth date, but a placeholder value Burkina Faso uses for unknown birth dates. Ouédraogo’s actual date of birth was not recorded.[136]
12. ^ Lacunza Maestrojuán was born in Spain and served as a bishop in Panama from 1985 to 2024.
13. ^ López Romero was born in Spain and has served as a bishop in Morocco since 2018.
14. ^ Aós Braco was born in Spain and served as a bishop in Chile from 2014 to 2023.
15. ^ Marengo was born in Italy and has served as a bishop in Mongolia since 2020.
16. ^ a b The jurisdiction of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, based in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the Old City in East Jerusalem, is multinational and encompasses Cyprus, Jordan, Israel and Palestine. In its statistical report of the College of Cardinals, the Holy See Press Office lists Pizzaballa's country as "Jerusalem".[256] Pizzaballa was born in Italy and has served as a bishop in Jerusalem since 2016.
17. ^ Bustillo was born in Spain and has served as a bishop in France since 2021.
18. ^ Nemet was born in Serbia into an ethnically Hungarian family and describes himself as Hungarian. He has worked in Serbia since 2008.
19. ^ Vesco was born in France and has served as a bishop in Algeria since 2012.
20. ^ Mathieu was born in Belgium and has served as a bishop in Iran since 2021.
21. ^ Bychok was born in Ukraine and has served as a bishop in Australia since 2020.
22. ^ Farrell was born in Ireland, was incardinated as a priest in the United States in 1984 and served as a bishop there from 2001 to 2016.
23. ^ a b c Granted dispensation not to receive episcopal consecration
24. ^ Becciu resigned the rights and privileges of a cardinal on 24 September 2020, making him ineligible to participate in a conclave as an elector.[227][228]
25. ^ Czerny was born in Czechoslovakia (in the present-day Czech Republic) and emigrated to Canada as a child.

* * *

1. ^ Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 October 2002[16]
2. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018 and co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
3. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996 and appointed a cardinal bishop on 25 April 2005
4. ^ Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 May 2008
5. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 24 February 2009
6. ^ a b Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
7. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
8. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
9. ^ Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
10. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 7 January 2025
11. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996
12. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 March 2008
13. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 May 2006
14. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 21 February 2011
15. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 12 June 2014
16. ^ Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 June 2016
17. ^ a b c d Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018
18. ^ a b c d e f g Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 3 May 2021
19. ^ a b c d e f g h i Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 4 March 2022
20. ^ a b c Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 July 2024

## References

[edit]

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141. ^ "Souraphiel Card. Berhaneyesus Demerew, C.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
142. ^ "Dew Card. John Atcherley". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 16 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
143. ^ "Menichelli Card. Edoardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
144. ^ "Nguyên Văn Nhon Card. Pierre". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
145. ^ "Suárez Inda Card. Alberto". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
146. ^ "Bo Card. Charles Maung, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
147. ^ "Kovithavanij Card. Francis Xavier Kriengsak". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
148. ^ "Montenegro Card. Francesco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
149. ^ "Sturla Berhouet Card. Daniel Fernando, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
150. ^ "Blázquez Pérez Card. Ricardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
151. ^ "Lacunza Maestrojuán Card. José Luis, OAR". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
152. ^ "Furtado Card. Arlindo Gomes". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
153. ^ "Mafi Card. Soane Patita Paini". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
154. ^ "Villalba Card. Luis Héctor". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
155. ^ "Langa Card. Júlio Duarte". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
156. ^ "Nzapalainga Card. Dieudonné, C.S.Sp". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
157. ^ "Osoro Sierra Card. Carlos". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
158. ^ "da Rocha Card. Sérgio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
159. ^ "Cupich Card. Blase J." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
160. ^ "D'Rozario Card. Patrick, C.S.C." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
161. ^ "Porras Cardozo Card. Baltazar Enrique". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
162. ^ "De Kesel Card. Jozef". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
163. ^ "Piat Card. Maurice, C.S.Sp". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
164. ^ "Aguiar Retes Card. Carlos". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
165. ^ "Ribat Card. John, M.S.C." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
166. ^ "Tobin Card. Joseph William, C.SS.R." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
167. ^ "Zerbo Card. Jean". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
168. ^ "Omella Card. Juan José". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
169. ^ "Arborelius Card. Anders, OCD". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
170. ^ "Mangkhanekhoun Card. Louis-Marie Ling, I.V.D." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
171. ^ "Rosa Chávez Card. Gregorio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
172. ^ "De Donatis Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
173. ^ "Coutts Card. Joseph". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
174. ^ "Marto Card. António Augusto dos Santos". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
175. ^ "Barreto Jimeno Card. Pedro Ricardo, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
176. ^ "Tsarahazana Card. Désiré". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
177. ^ "Petrocchi Card. Giuseppe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
178. ^ "Maeda Card. Thomas Aquino Manyo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
179. ^ "Porco Ticona Card. Toribio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 24 July 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
180. ^ "Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo Card. Ignatius". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
181. ^ "García Rodríguez Card. Juan de la Caridad". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
182. ^ "Ambongo Besungu Card. Fridolin, OFMCap". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
183. ^ "Hollerich Card. Jean-Claude, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
184. ^ "Ramazzini Imeri Card. Álvaro Leonel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
185. ^ "Zuppi Card. Matteo Maria". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
186. ^ "López Romero Card. Cristóbal, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 26 October 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
187. ^ "Tamkevičius Card. Sigitas, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
188. ^ "Kambanda Card. Antoine". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
189. ^ "Gregory Card. Wilton Daniel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
190. ^ "Advincula Card. Jose Fuerte". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
191. ^ "Aós Braco Card. Celestino, OFMCap". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
192. ^ "Lojudice Card. Augusto Paolo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
193. ^ "Arizmendi Esquivel Card. Felipe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
194. ^ "Aveline Card. Jean-Marc". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
195. ^ "Okpaleke Card. Peter Ebere". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
196. ^ "Steiner Card. Leonardo Ulrich, OFM". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
197. ^ "Ferrão Card. Filipe Neri António Sebastião do Rosário". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
198. ^ "McElroy Card. Robert Walter". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
199. ^ "do Carmo da Silva Card. Virgilio, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
200. ^ "Cantoni Card. Oscar". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
201. ^ "Poola Card. Anthony". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
202. ^ "Costa Card. Paulo Ceza". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
203. ^ "Goh Card. William Seng Chye". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
204. ^ "Martínez Flores Card. Adalberto". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
205. ^ "Marengo Card. Giorgio, I.M.C." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
206. ^ "Jiménez Carvajal Card. Jorge Enrique, C.I.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
207. ^ "Miglio Card. Arrigo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
208. ^ "Pizzaballa Card. Pierbattista, OFM". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
209. ^ "Brislin Card. Stephen". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
210. ^ "Rossi Card. Ángel Sixto, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
211. ^ "Rueda Aparicio Card. Luis José". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
212. ^ "Ryś Card. Grzegorz". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
213. ^ "Mulla Card. Stephen Ameyu Martin". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
214. ^ "Cobo Cano Card. José". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
215. ^ "Rugambwa Card. Protase". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
216. ^ "Francis Card. Sebastian". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
217. ^ "Chow Sau-yan Card. Stephen, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
218. ^ "Bustsillo Card. François-Xavier, OFMConv". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
219. ^ "Aguiar Alves Card. Américo Manuel". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
220. ^ "Padrón Sánchez Card. Diego Rafael". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
221. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Announcement of Consistory on 8 December for the creation of new Cardinals, 06.10.2024" (Press release). Holy See Press Office. 6 October 2024. Retrieved 20 October 2024.
222. ^ "Mamberti Card. Dominique". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
223. ^ "Zenari Card. Mario". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
224. ^ "Farrell Card. Kevin Joseph". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
225. ^ "Simoni Card. Ernest". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
226. ^ "Ladaria Ferrer Card. Luis Francisco, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
227. ^ "Rinunce e nomine (continuazione)" [Resignations and Appointments (continued)] (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 24 September 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
228. ^ Condon, Ed (3 December 2020). "Analysis: Is there a road back for Cardinal Becciu?". Catholic News Agency. Archived from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
229. ^ "Becciu Card. Giovanni Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
230. ^ "Krajewski Card. Konrad". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
231. ^ "Bocos Merino Card. Aquilino, C.M.F." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
232. ^ "Mendonça Card. José Tolentino de". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
233. ^ "Czerny Card. Michael, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
234. ^ "Fitzgerald Card. Michael Louis, M. Afr". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
235. ^ "Grech Card. Mario". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
236. ^ "Semeraro Card. Marcello". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
237. ^ "Gambetti Card. Mauro, OFMConv". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
238. ^ "Tomasi Card. Silvano Maria, C.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
239. ^ "Cantalamessa Card. Raniero, OFMCap". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
240. ^ "Feroci Card. Enrico". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
241. ^ "Roche Card. Arthur". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
242. ^ "You Heung-sik Card. Lazzaro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
243. ^ "Vérgez Alzaga Card. Fernando, L.C." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
244. ^ "Ghirlanda Card. Gianfranco, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
245. ^ "Frezza Card. Fortunato". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
246. ^ "Gugerotti Card. Claudio". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
247. ^ "Fernández Card. Víctor Manuel". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
248. ^ "Tscherrig Card. Emil Paul". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
249. ^ "Pierre Card. Christophe Louis Yves Georges". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
250. ^ "Fernández Artime Card. Ángel, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
251. ^ "Marchetto Card. Agostino". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
252. ^ "Dri Card. Luis Pascual, OFMCap". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
253. ^ Pope Benedict XVI (11 June 2007). "De aliquis mutationibus in normis de electione Romani Pontificis" (Motu proprio) (in Latin). Holy See. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
254. ^ "Methodology". United Nations Statistics Division. Geographic Regions. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
255. ^ Cardiel, Victoria (21 March 2025). "Worldwide Catholic population hits 1.4 billion". Catholic News Agency. Archived from the original on 22 March 2025. Retrieved 21 March 2025.
256. ^ "Composition of Cardinals according to geographical region". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 4 October 2023.

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to Cardinals at Wikimedia Commons
* Holy See Press Office, The College of Cardinals
* GCatholic.org, College of Cardinals

* v
* t
* e

College of Cardinals

* List of current cardinals

* Cardinals of the Catholic Church under sede vacante in order of precedence

Cardinal bishops|

* Re
* Sandri
* Arinze
* Bertone
* Saraiva Martins
* Parolin (CC)
* Ouellet
* Filoni
* Stella
* Tagle
* Prevost
* Raï
* Sako

Cardinal priests|

* Kitbunchu
* Poupard
* Wetter
* López Rodríguez
* Mahony
* Ruini
* Darmaatmadja
* Wamala
* Maida
* Puljić
* Sandoval Íñiguez
* Stafford
* De Giorgi
* Rouco Varela
* Pengo
* Schönborn
* Rivera Carrera
* Pujats
* Sepe
* Kasper
* Bačkis
* Errázuriz Ossa
* Napier
* Rodríguez Maradiaga
* Cipriani Thorne
* Herranz Casado
* Scola
* Okogie
* Zubeir Wako
* Rigali
* Antonelli
* Turkson
* Bozanić
* Mẫn
* Barbarin
* Erdő
* Rodé
* Vallini
* Rosales
* Ricard
* Cañizares Llovera
* O'Malley (CC)
* Dziwisz
* Zen
* Lajolo
* Comastri
* Ryłko
* Farina
* Brady
* Martínez Sistach
* Vingt-Trois
* Bagnasco
* Sarr
* Gracias (CC)
* Robles Ortega
* DiNardo
* Scherer
* Njue
* Karlic
* Sarah
* Monterisi
* Burke
* Koch
* Piacenza
* Ravasi
* Romeo
* Wuerl
* Assis
* Nycz
* Ranjith
* Marx
* Brandmüller
* Monteiro de Castro
* Abril y Castelló
* Vegliò
* Bertello
* Coccopalmerio
* Aviz
* O'Brien
* Calcagno
* Versaldi
* Alencherry
* Collins
* Duka
* Eijk
* Betori
* Dolan
* Woelki
* Tong
* Mureșan
* Harvey
* Thottunkal
* Onaiyekan
* Salazar Gómez
* Baldisseri
* Müller
* Nichols
* Brenes Solórzano
* Lacroix (CC)
* Kutwa
* Tempesta
* Bassetti
* Poli
* Yeom
* Ezzati Andrello
* Ouédraogo
* Quevedo
* Langlois
* Clemente
* Souraphiel
* Dew
* Menichelli
* Nhơn
* Suárez Inda
* Bo
* Kovithavanij
* Montenegro
* Sturla Berhouet
* Blázquez Pérez
* Lacunza Maestrojuán
* Gomes Furtado
* Mafi
* Villalba
* Langa
* Nzapalainga
* Osoro Sierra
* Rocha (CC)
* Cupich
* D'Rozario
* Porras Cardozo
* De Kesel
* Piat
* Aguiar Retes
* Ribat
* Tobin
* Zerbo
* Omella Omella (CC)
* Arborelius
* Mangkhanekhoun
* Rosa Chávez
* De Donatis
* Coutts
* Santos Marto
* Barreto Jimeno
* Tsarahazana
* Petrocchi
* Maeda
* Ticona Porco
* Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo
* García Rodríguez
* Ambongo Besungu (CC)
* Hollerich (CC)
* Ramazzini Imeri
* Zuppi
* López Romero
* Tamkevičius
* Kambanda
* Gregory
* Advincula
* Aós Braco
* Lojudice
* Arizmendi Esquivel
* Aveline
* Okpaleke
* Steiner
* Ferrão
* McElroy
* Silva
* Cantoni
* Poola
* Costa
* Goh
* Martínez Flores
* Marengo
* Jiménez Carvajal
* Miglio
* Pizzaballa
* Brislin
* Rossi
* Rueda Aparacio
* Ryś
* Mulla
* Cano
* Rugambwa
* Francis
* Chow
* Bustillo
* Aguiar
* Sánchez
* Castillo Mattasoglio
* Bokalic Iglic
* Cabrera Herrera
* Chomalí Garib
* Kikuchi
* David
* Nemet
* Spengler
* Bessi Dogbo
* Vesco
* Mathieu
* Repole
* Reina
* Leo
* Bychok
* Battaglia

Cardinal deacons|

* Mamberti
* Zenari
* Farrell
* Simoni
* Ladaria Ferrer
* Becciu
* Krajewski
* Bocos Merino
* Mendonça
* Czerny
* Fitzgerald
* Grech
* Semeraro
* Gambetti
* Tomasi
* Cantalamessa
* Feroci
* Roche
* You
* Vérgez Alzaga (CC)
* Ghirlanda
* Frezza
* Gugerotti
* Fernández
* Tscherrig
* Pierre
* Artime
* Marchetto
* Dri
* Acerbi
* Makrickas
* Radcliffe
* Baggio
* Koovakad

* Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave in italics
* (CC): member of the Council of Cardinals

* See also: Titular
* Titular church
* List of titular churches
* List of creations of cardinals

* Category
* Media
* Catholic Church portal

* v
* t
* e

Papacy

Episcopate of the bishop of Rome

Jurisdiction|

| Holy See
(Full communion)|

* Pope Sede vacante as bishop of the Diocese of Rome
* Primacy
* History

| Vatican City
(index, outline)|

* Enclaved in Rome, Italy
* Lateran Treaty, 1929
* along with extraterritorial properties of the Holy See

|

Headquarters|

* Vatican City:
* Apostolic Palace
* Papal apartments
* Sistine Chapel
* Italy:
* Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran (cathedra)

Major basilicas|

* Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
* St. Peter's Basilica
* Basilica of Saint Mary Major
* Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

Titles
Papal names|

* His Holiness
* Bishop of Rome
* Vicar of Jesus Christ
* Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
* Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
* Patriarch of the West
* Primate of Italy
* Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
* Sovereign of the Vatican City State
* Servant of the servants of God

Symbols|

* Coats of arms
* Coat of arms of the Holy See
* Cross
* Keys of Heaven
* Regalia and insignia
* Rota
* Umbraculum

Proclamations|

* Infallibility
* Apostolic constitution
* Bull
* List
* Encyclical
* Apostolic exhortation
* Ecclesiastical letter
* Interdict

Activities|

* Arbitration
* Deposition
* Blessing
* "Pontifical"
* Urbi et Orbi
* Conclave
* List
* Coronation
* Consistory
* Diplomacy
* Inauguration
* Mass
* High Mass
* Travel

Vestments|

* Camauro
* Falda
* Fanon
* Ferula
* Flabellum
* Mantle
* Mitre
* Mozzetta
* Pallium
* Ring of the Fisherman
* Shoes
* Slippers
* Sub-cinctorium
* Tiara
* List
* Zucchetto

Transportation|

* Popemobile
* Sedia gestatoria
* Shepherd One

Household|

* Camerlengo
* Commander of the Swiss Guard
* Chaplain
* Palatinus
* Papal majordomo
* Gentlemen
* Preacher
* Prefect
* Prelate of Honour
* Prince assistant
* Theologian

Staff|

* College of Cardinals
* cardinals
* list
* Roman Curia
* Apostolic Camera
* Commissions
* for Vatican City State
* Councils
* Congregations
* Dicasteries
* Synods
* Cappella Giulia
* Sistine Chapel Choir

Related|

* Papal nobility
* "Black"
* Orders of chivalry
* Pontifical academy
* Pontifical university
* in Rome
* Pontifical colleges in Rome
* Major Seminary
* Swiss Guard
* Papabile
* Canonised popes
* Legends
* Popes by nationality
* Sexually active popes
* Antipope
* Western Schism

* Vatican City portal
* Catholic Church portal

* v
* t
* e

Holy See

* Apostolic episcopal see of Pope Sede vacante as bishop of the Diocese of Rome
* Sovereignty and government of Vatican City
* Sovereign judicial entity under international law

History|

* Apostolic see
* Primacy of Peter
* History of papal primacy
* Patrimony of Saint Peter
* Old St. Peter's Basilica
* Lateran Palace
* Museum
* Duchy of Rome
* Donation of Sutri
* Donation of Pepin
* Avignon Papacy
* Papal States
* Temporal power
* Investiture Controversy
* Age of Revolution
* "Prisoner in the Vatican"
* Savoyard era
* Vatican City
* Lateran Treaty
* World War II
* Warsaw Pact

Sovereign
judicial entity
under
international
law
(Legal status)|

| Officials|

* Pope Sede vacante
* Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin
* Cardinals
* List
* Advisers

|

Governance|

* Secretariat of State
* College of Cardinals
* Papal conclave

Government|

* Roman Curia
* Apostolic Camera
* Commissions
* For Vatican City State
* Councils
* Congregations
* Dicasteries

Foreign affairs
(Multilateral policy)|

* Section for Relations with States
* To the Holy See
* Of the Holy See
* Heads
* Italy
* United Nations
* Permanent Observer
* in Geneva
* European Union
* Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
* Apostolic nunciature
* Nuncio
* Treaties
* Concordats

Diocese
of Rome
with universal
full communion
(Papal primacy)|

| Synods|

* Ordinary general assemblies
* Extraordinary general assemblies
* Special assemblies

|

Ecclesiastical
province of Rome
(Vicariate: Rome,
Vatican City)|

| Suburbicarian sees|

* Ostia
* Velletri-Segni
* Porto-Santa Rufina
* Frascati
* Palestrina
* Albano
* Sabina-Poggio Mirteto

|

Territorial abbeys|

* Montecassino
* Subiaco

Suffragan dioceses|

* Gaeta
* Anagni-Alatri
* Civita Castellana
* Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
* Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
* Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
* Rieti
* Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
* Tivoli
* Viterbo

Properties
including
extra-
territoriality|

| Inside
Rome|

Major basilicas|

* St. Peter's Basilica
* Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
* Basilica of Saint Mary Major
* Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

|

* Lateran Palace
* Lateran University
* Scala Sancta
* Sancta Sanctorum
* Adjoining buildings
* Palace of Saint Callixtus
* Gianicolo Hill area
* Pontifical Urban University
* Pontifical North American College
* Bambino Gesù Hospital
* Palazzo della Cancelleria
* Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
* Palace of the Holy Office
* Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
* Palazzo Pio
* Palace of the Vicariate
* Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
* Collegio Teutonico
* Teutonic Cemetery
* Benedictine monastery
* Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
* Beda College
* Paul VI Audience Hall

Non-
extraterritorial|

* Palace of the Holy Apostles
* Palace of San Carlo ai Catinari
* Collegio Bellarmino
* Archaeological Institute
* Pontifical Oriental Institute
* Pontifical Lombard Seminary
* Russian College
* Two Palaces of Sant'Apollinare
* House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
* Nympheum of Nero

|

Outside
Rome|

* Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
* Papal farm
* Gardens of the Villa Cybo
* Villa Barberini
* Adjacent gardens
* Summer estate of Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
* Vatican Radio antennae area of Santa Maria di Galeria

| Non-
extraterritorial|

* Basilica of the Holy House
* Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
* Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua

|

See also|

* Acta Apostolicae Sedis
* Awards
* Papal household
* Peter's Pence
* Roman Rota
* Apostolic Penitentiary
* Apostolic Signatura
* Swiss Guard

* Vatican City portal
* Catholicism portal

* v
* t
* e

Catholic Church

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History
Timeline
Ecclesiastical
Legal|

| Early Church|

* Jesus Christ
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|

Great Church|

* Ante-Nicene period
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* Chalcedon
* Late antiquity
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* Monasticism

Middle Ages|

* Islamic conquests
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* Investiture Controversy
* Crusades
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* Inquisition
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Modern era|

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| General|

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|

Ecclesiology|

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Sacraments|

* Baptism
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Mariology|

* Assumption
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* Veneration
* See also:
* Josephology

Philosophy|

* Natural law
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* Philosophers
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* See also:
* Science
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* Relations
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Saints|

* Holy Family
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Organisation
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By country|

| Holy See
(List of popes)|

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|

Vatican City|

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Polity (Holy orders)|

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Consecrated life|

* Religious:
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Particular churches
sui iuris|

* Latin Church
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Catholic liturgy|

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Culture|

* Art
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* Distinctions
* Role in civilisation
* See also:
* Criticism of the Catholic Church
* Anti-Catholicism

Media|

* Holy See Press Office
* Vatican Media
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* L'Osservatore Romano
* Acta Apostolicae Sedis
* Annuario Pontificio

Religious orders,
institutes, societies|

* Assumptionists
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Associations
of the faithful|

* Confraternities
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Charities|

* Aid to the Church in Need
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* CIDSE
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* Society of Saint Vincent de Paul

* See also:
* Health care
* Schools
* Universities

* Catholic Church portal
* Category

*[lit.]: literal translation
*[Ref.]: Reference
*[IVD]: Voluntas Dei Institute
*[No.]: Pontificate number (chronological)
*[CB]: Cardinal bishops
*[CP]: Cardinal priests
*[CD]: Cardinal deacons
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