List of ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople

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Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches de jure:

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Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches:

* Ukraine (OCU)

Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church:

* Ukraine (UOC)

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* Constantinople IV
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* Justin Martyr
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* Kassia
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* Vladimir the Great
* Sava I of Serbia
* Gregory Palamas
* Innocent of Alaska

Other topics

* Architecture
* Folk
* Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs
* Cross
* Saint titles
* Statistics by country

* v
* t
* e

The following is a chronological list of bishops and ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople. The historical data on the first 25 bishops is limited with modern scholars debating their authenticity. The Foundation of the See by Andrew the Apostle is met with similar amounts of skepticism with scholars believing it to be a later tradition.[a] The list is mostly based on the compilation made by Demetrius Kiminas,[4] but there is no single "official" numbering of bishops. The official website of the patriarchate has a list of holders but gives them no numeral.[5][b]

## Bishops of Byzantium (until 330 AD)

[edit]

1. St. Andrew the Apostle (36–38), founder
2. St. Stachys (38–54)
3. St. Onesimus (54–68)
4. Polycarpus I (69–89)
5. Plutarch (89–105)
6. Sedecion (105–114)
7. Diogenes (114–129)
8. Eleutherius (129–136)
9. Felix (136–141)
10. Polycarpus II (141–144)
11. Athenodorus (144–148)
12. Euzois (148–154)
13. Laurence (154–166)
14. Alypius (166–169)
15. Pertinax (169–187)
16. Olympianus (187–198)
17. Marcus I (198–211)
18. Philadelphus (211–217)
19. Cyriacus I (217–230)
20. St. Castinus (230–237)
21. Eugenius I (237–242)
22. Titus (242–272)
23. Dometius (272–284)
24. Rufinus (284–293)
25. Probus (293–306)
26. St. Metrophanes (306–314), first bishop mentioned by contemporaneous sources
27. St. Alexander (314–330), first bishop of Constantinople

## Archbishops/Patriarchs of Constantinople

[edit]

The official title of the bishop became "archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome, and ecumenical patriarch" in the 6th century, but scholars often use the terms "archbishop" and "patriarch" for earlier bishops. The First Council of Constantinople (381) concluded that "the bishop of Constantinople, however, shall have the prerogative of honor after the bishop of Rome", while the Council of Chalcedon (451) concluded that "the bishop of New Rome shall enjoy the same privileges as the bishop of Old Rome". Modern scholars use the term "patriarch" after either 381 or 451.[c] The chronology mostly follows Demetrius Kiminas (2009),[4] who mostly uses the dates established by Venance Grumel (1958).[9] See also the lists in the Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (1991)[10] and the Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire (2015).[11]

### 330–450

[edit]

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

27  | St. Alexander | 11 May 330 – August 337
(7 years and 3 months) | First bishop of Constantinople
28  | St. Paul I
the Confessor | 337 – 339
(2 years) | Deposed and exiled
(see Arian controversy)
29  | Eusebius of Nicomeda | 339 – 341
(2 years) | Arian; baptised Constantine I in 337
(28)  | Paul I | 341 – 342
(1 year) | 1st restoration; deposed by the Arians
30  | Macedonius I | 342 – 346
(4 years) | Arian and pneumatomachian. Deposed
(28)  | Paul I | 346 – 351
(5 years) | 2nd restoration; exiled and later killed
(30)  | Macedonius I | c. September 351 – 27 January 360
(8 years, 4 months) | Restored and deposed
31  | Eudoxius of Antioch | 27 January 360 – early 370
(10 years) | Arian
32  | Demophilus | Early 370 – 27 November 380
(10 years) | Arian; deposed
33  | Evagrius | Early 370
(a few months) | In opposition to Demophilus; exiled
34  | St. Gregory of Nazianzus | c. May 379 – June 381
(2 years) | Bishop of the Orthodox; confirmed in 381.
35  | Maximus I | c. January – May 380
(4 months approx.) | In opposition to Gregory; annulled in 381
36  | Nectarius | June 381 – 27 September 397
(16 years and 3 months) |
37  | St. John Chrysostom | 26 September 398 – 20 June 404
(5 years, 9 months and 6 days) | Exiled; died 14 September 407.
38  | St. Arsacius | 27 June 404 – 11 November 405
(1 year, 4 months and 15 days) |
39  | St. Atticus | March 406 – 10 October 425
(9 years and 7 months) |
40  | St. Sisinnius I | 28 February 426 – 24 December 427
(1 year, 10 months and 25 days) |
41  | Nestorius | 10 April 428 – 11 July 431
(3 years, 3 months and 1 day) | Founder of Nestorianism; exiled
42  | St. Maximianus | 25 October 431 – 12 April 434
(2 years, 5 months and 18 days) |
43  | St. Proclus | 13 April 434 – 12 July 446
(12 years and 3 months) |
44  | St. Flavian | July 446 – 11 August 449
(3 years and 1 month) |

### 450–800

[edit]

During the 16th session of the Council of Chalcedon (October–November 451), also known as the Fourth Ecumenical Council, a resolution was passed elevating the See of Constantinople to a status equal to Rome in ecclesiastical matters, granting it second place after Rome.[12] The resolution was formally rejected by the Pope Leo I and the Western church; however, it was largely accepted in the East, becoming known as Canon 28. This canon would later become the foundation of the Pentarchy of patriarchates.

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

45  | St. Anatolius | November 449 – 3 July 458
(8 years and 8 months) |
46  | St. Gennadius | August 458 – 20 November 471
(13 years and 3 months) |
47  | Acacius | February 472 – 26 November 489
(17 years and 9 months) |
48  | Fravitta | December 488 – March 489
(3 months) |
49  | Euphemius | c. April 490 – c. June 496
(6 years and ~2 months) | Deposed and exiled; died c. 515
50  | St. Macedonius II | July 496 – 11 August 511
(15 years and 1 month) | Deposed and exiled; died c. 516
51  | Timothy I | October 511 – 5 April 518
(6 years and 6 months) |
52  | St. John of Cappadocia | 17 April 518 – February 520
(1 year and 10 months) |
53  | Epiphanius | 25 February 520 – 5 June 535
(15 years, 3 months and 10 days) |
54  | Anthimus I | June 535 – March 536
(9 months) | Deposed, died in 548
55  | St. Menas | 13 March 536 – 25 August 552
(16 years, 5 months and 11 days) |
56  | St. Eutychius | August 552 – 22/31 January 565
(2 years and 5 months) | Deposed
57  | St. John Scholasticus | 31 January 565 – 31 August 577
(12 years and 7 months) |
(56)  | Eutychius | 3 October 577 – 5 April 582
(4 years, 6 months and 2 days) | Restored
58  | St. John IV
Nesteutes | 12 April 582 – 2 September 595
(13 years, 4 months and 10 days) | First to use the title "Ecumenical"
59  | St. Cyriacus II | c. February 596 – 29 October 606
(10 years and 8 months) |
60  | St. Thomas I | 23 January 607 – 21 March 610
(3 years, 3 months less 2 days) |
61  | Sergius I | 18 April 610 – 9 December 638
(28 years, 7 months and 21 days) |
62  | Pyrrhus | 20 December 638 – 29 September 641
(2 years, 9 months and 9 days) | Monothelite; deposed
63  | Paul II | 1 October 641 – 27 December 653
(12 years, 2 months and 26 days) |
(62)  | Pyrrhus | 9 January – 1 June 654
(4 months and 23 days) | Second term
64  | Peter | 9 June 654 – 12 October 666
(12 years, 4 months and 3 days) |
65  | St. Thomas II | 17 April 667 – 15 November 669
(2 years, 7 months less 2 days) |
66  | St. John V | November 669 – August 675
(5 years and 9 months) |
67  | St. Constantine I | 2 September 675 – 9 August 677
(1 year, 11 months and 7 days) |
68  | St. Theodore I | c. August 677 – November 679
(2 years and 3 months) | Deposed; died in 687
69  | St. George I | c. November 679 – January 686
(6 years and 2 months) | Perhaps deposed
(68)  | Theodore I | c. January 686 – 28 December 687
(1 year and 11 months months) |
70  | St. Paul III | January 688 – 20 August 693
(5 years and 7 months) |
71  | St. Callinicus I | August 693 – August 705
(12 years) | Exiled to Rome; died in November 711
72  | St. Kyros | September 705 – December 711
(6 years and 3 months) | Deposed
73  | John VI | December 712 – July 715
(2 years and 7 months) | Monothelite
74  | St. Germanus I | 11 August 715 – 17 January 730
(2 years, 5 months and 6 days) | Resigned; died in 742
75  | Anastasius | 22 January 730 – January 754
(14 years) | Iconoclast
(see Byzantine Iconoclasm)
76  | Constantine II | 8 August 754 – 30 August 766
(12 years and 22 days) | Iconoclast; deposed,
died on 7 October 767
77  | Nicetas I | 16 November 766 – 6 February 780
(13 years, 3 months and 20 days) | Iconoclast
78  | St. Paul IV
the New | 20 February 780 – 31 August 784
(4 years, 6 months and 11 days) |
79  | St. Tarasios | 25 December 784 – 18 February 806
(21 years, 2 months and 24 days) |

### 800–1060

[edit]

#  | Portrait  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|
|

80  |  | St. Nicephorus I | 12 April 806 – 13 March 815
(8 years, 11 months and 1 day) | Exiled; died in 828,
also an historian
81  |  | Theodotus I
Melissenos Kassiteras | 1 April 815 – c. January 821
(5 years and 9 months) | Iconoclast
82  |  | Antony I
Kassymatas | c. January 821 – January 837
(16 years) | Iconoclast
83  |  | John VII
Morocharzanios
Grammaticus | 21 January 836 – 4 March 843
(7 years, 1 month, 14 days) | Iconoclast; deposed
84  |  | St. Methodius I | 11 March 843 – 14 June 847
(4 years, 3 months and 3 days) |
85  |  | St. Ignatius | 4 July 847 – 23 October 858
(11 years, 3 months and 20 days) | Son of Emperor Michael I Rangabe;
deposed
86  |  | St. Photius I
the Great | 25 December 858 – 23 September 867
(8 years, 9 months less 2 days) | Maternal nephew of Patriarch John VII and great-grandnephew of Patriarch Tarasios;
deposed
(85)  |  | Ignatius | 23 November 867 – 23 October 877
(9 years and 11 months) | Restored
(86)  |  | Photius I | 26 October 877 – 29/30 September 886
(8 years, 11 months and 4 days) | Deposed; died c. 893
87  |  | St. Stephen I
the Macedonian | 18 December 886 – 18 May 893
(7 years and 5 months) | Son of Emperor Basil I;
deposed
88  |  | St. Antony II
Kauleas | August 893 – 12 February 901
(7 years and 6 months) |
89  |  | St. Nicholas I
Mystikos | 1 March 901 – 1 February 907
(5 years and 11 months) | Deposed
90  |  | St. Euthymius I
Syncellus | February 907 – 15 May 912
(5 years and 3 months) |
(89)  |  | Nicholas I | 15 May 912 – 15 May 925
(13 years) | Restored;
died at the age of 73
91  |  | St. Stephen II | 29 June 925 – 18 July 927
(2 years and 19 days) |
92  |  | St. Tryphon | 14 December 927 – August 931
(3 years and 8 months) | Deposed
93  |  | Theophylact
Lekapenos | 2 February 933 – 27 February 956
(23 years and 25 days) | Son of Emperor Romanos I
94  |  | St. Polyeuctus | 3 April 956 – 5 February 970
(13 years, 10 months and 2 days) |
95  |  | Basil I
Skamandrenos | 13 February 970 – c. October 973
(3 years and 8 months) | Exiled
96  |  | Antony III
Stoudites | December 973 – June 978
(4 years and 6 months) | Resigned; died in 983
97  |  | St. Nicholas II
Chrysoberges | April 980 – 16 December 991
(11 years and 8 months) |
98  |  | Sisinnius II | 12 April 996 – 24 August 998
(2 years, 4 months and 12 days) |
99  |  | St. Sergius II | June/July 1001 – July 1019
(18 years) | Relative of Patriarch Photius I;
elected after a 3-year interregnum
100  |  | St. Eustathius | July 1019 – November 1025
(6 years and 4 months) |
101  |  | Alexius
Stoudites | 15 December 1025 – 20 February 1043
(17 years, 2 months and 5 days) |
102  |  | Michael I
Cerularius | 25 March 1043 – 2 November 1058
(15 years, 7 months and 8 days) | Exiled;
died on 21 January 1069

In 1054, the Eastern Orthodox Church cut ties to the Roman Catholic Church as a result of the Great East–West Schism.

This page of the iconodule Chludov Psalter illustrates the line "They gave me gall to eat, and when I was thirsty they gave me vinegar to drink" with a picture of a soldier offering Christ vinegar on a sponge attached to a pole. Patriarch John VII of Constantinople is depicted rubbing out a painting of Christ with a similar sponge attached to a pole. John VII is caricatured, here as on other pages, with untidy straight hair sticking out in all directions, which was considered ridiculous by the Byzantines.

### 1060–1204

[edit]

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

103  | St. Constantine III | 2 February 1059 – 9/10 August 1063
(4 years, 6 months and 8 days) |
104  | St. John VIII
Xiphilinos | 1 January 1064 – 2 August 1075
(11 years, 7 months and 1 day) | Deposed
105  | St. Cosmas I | 2 August 1075 – 8 May 1081
(5 years and 9 months) | Resigned, died c. 1082
106  | Eustratius II
Garidas | 8 May 1081 – July 1084
(3 years and 2 months) | Resigned
107  | Nicholas III
Kyrdiniates
Grammatikos | August 1084 – April 1111
(26 years and 8 months) |
108  | John IX | 24 May 1111 – late April 1134
(22 years and 11 months) |
109  | St. Leo | May 1134 – 12 January 1143
(8 years and 8 months) |
110  | St. Michael II | July 1143 – March 1146
(2 years and 8 months) | Resigned
111  | Cosmas II | April 1146 – 26 February 1147
(10 months) | Deposed
112  | Nicholas IV | December 1147 – March/April 1151
(3 years and 3/4 months) | Resigned, died in 1152
113  | Theodotus II[d] | 1151 – 1153
(2 years and 6 months) | Chronology uncertain[e]
114  | Neophytus I | 1154 (?)
(a few weeks) | Resigned after less than a month
115  | Constantine IV | November 1154 – May 1157
(2 years and 6 months) |
116  | Luke
Chrysoberges | August/October 1157 – late 1169
(12 years) |
117  | Michael III | January 1170 – March 1178
(8 years and 2 months) |
118  | Chariton | March/August 1178 – February/July 1179
(11 months) | Died after eleven months
119  | Theodosius I | February/July 1179 – August 1183
(4 years) | Exiled
120  | Basil II
Kamateros | August 1183 – February 1186
(2 years and 6 months) | Deposed
121  | Nicetas II
Mountanes | February 1186 – February 1189
(3 years) | Deposed
122  | Dositheus | February 1189
(9 days)[13] | Election annulled;
5th shortest patriarchate
123  | Leontius | March – October 1189
(7 months) | Deposed
(122)  | Dositheus | October 1189 – 10 September 1191
(1 year and 11 months) | Restored
124  | George II
Xiphilinos | 10 September 1191 – 7 July 1198
(6 years, 10 months less 3 days) | Relative of Patriarch John VIII
125  | John X
Kamateros | 5 August 1198 – 12 April 1204
(5 years, 8 months and 7 days) | Relative of Patriarch Basil II

### 1208–1261 (in Nicaea)

[edit]

On 12 April 1204, the Fourth Crusade sacked and conquered Constantinople. The Crusaders established their own line of Catholic patriarchs in the city, while the former Orthodox patriarch John X fled in exile to Thrace. John X died in Thrace in the spring of 1206.[14]

After 1204, various Byzantine warlords struggled to establish their legitimacy and sought to reconquer Constantinople. One of the major contenders, Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea, sought legitimacy through religion. He invited John X to Nicaea, though the deposed patriarch refused the invitation up until his death.[14] After John's death, Laskaris sent letters to Pope Innocent III in hopes of authorizing Orthodox clerics to elect a new Orthodox patriarch and seeking recognition of himself as the supreme head of the Orthodox community, though both requests were ignored by the pope.[15] In 1208, Laskaris nevertheless appointed his own new patriarch, Michael IV of Constantinople, who in turn formally crowned Laskaris as emperor.[16] The status of the "Patriarchs of Constantinople" based in Nicaea remained disputed outside of the Empire of Nicaea until the reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.[17]

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

126  | Michael IV
Autoreianos | 20 April 1208 – 26 August 1212
(6 years, 4 months and 6 days) |
127  | Theodore II
Kopas or Koupas | 28 September 1213 – 31 January 1216
(2 year, 4 months and 3 days) |
128  | Maximus II | 3 June – December 1216
(6 months) |
129  | Manuel I
Sarantenos or Karantenos
Charitopoulos | May 1217 – May/June 1222
(5 years) |
130  | Germanus II
Nauplius | 4 January 1223 – June 1240
(17 years and 5 months) |
131  | Methodius II | mid/late 1240
(3 months) |
132  | Manuel II | c. September 1243 – 3 November 1254[f]
(11 years) |
133  | St. Arsenius
Autoreianos | November 1254 – February/March 1260
(5 years and 3/4 months) | Relative of Patriarch Michael IV;
deposed
134  | Nicephorus II | c. March 1260 – c. February 1261
(11 months approx.) |
(133)  | St. Arsenius | March/June – 15 August 1261
(a few months) |

Constantinople was captured by the Empire of Nicaea on 25 July 1261. The Emperor and his court arrived to Constantinople the next month. The Latin (Catholic) Patriarchate of Constantinople continued in exile until 1964.

### 1261–1453

[edit]

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

(133)  | St. Arsenius | 15 August 1261 – May/June 1264
(2 years and 9/10 months) | Deposed; died on 30 September 1273
135  | Germanus III | 28 May 1265 – 14 September 1266
(1 year, 3 months and 17 days) | Resigned
136  | St. Joseph I | 1 January 1266[g] – 9 January 1275
(8 years and 8 days) | Deposed; died 1283
137  | John XI | 2 June 1275[h] – 26 December 1282
(7 years, 6 months and 24 days) | Deposed; died 1297
(136)  | Joseph I | 31 December 1282 – 23 March 1283
(2 months and 23 days) | Restored
138  | Gregory II | 11 April 1283 – June 1289
(6 years and 2 months) | Resigned; died 1290
139  | St. Athanasius I | 14 October 1289 – 16 October 1293
(4 years and 2 days) | Resigned
140  | John XII | 1 January 1294 – 21 June 1303
(9 years, 6 months and 20 days) | Resigned
(139)  | St. Athanasius I | 23 June 1303 – c. September 1309
(6 years and 3 months) | Restored; resigned
141  | Nephon I | 9 May 1310 – 11 April 1314
(3 years, 11 months and 2 days) | Deposed; died 3 September 1328
142  | John XIII | 12 May 1315 – 11 May 1319
(4 years lacking 1 day) | Resigned
143  | Gerasimus I | 21 March 1320 – 20 April 1321
(1 year and 30 days) |
144  | Isaias | 11 November 1323 – December 1327
(4 years and 1 month)
24 May 1328 – 13 May 1332
(4 years lacking 19 days) | Deposed by Emperor Andronikos II;
restored by Emperor Andronikos III
145  | John XIV | February 1334 – 2 February 1347
(13 years) | Deposed; died 29 December 1347 (aged 65)
146  | Isidore I | 17 May 1347 – February/March 1350
(2 years and 9/10 months) |
147  | St. Callistus I | 10 June 1350 – 15 August 1353
(3 years, 2 months and 5 days) | Deposed
148  | Philotheus I | August 1353 – December 1354
(1 year and 4 months) | Deposed
(147)  | Callistus I | January 1355 – August 1363
(8 years and 7 months) | Restored; died in August 1363
(148)  | Philotheus I | 8 February 1364 – c. August 1376
(12 years and 6 months) | Deposed after the coup of
Andronikos IV Palaiologos; died in 1379
149  | Macarius | c. June 1377 – July 1379
(2 years and 1 month) | Deposed after the
restoration of John V Palaiologos
150  | Nilus | March/April 1380 – 1 February 1388
(7 years and 10/11 months) |
151  | Antony IV | January 1389 – July 1390
(1 year and 6 months) | Deposed
(149)  | Macarius | 30 July – late September 1390
(2 months or less) | Deposed after the fall of John VII Palaiologos
(151)  | Antony IV | c. September 1390 – May 1397
(6 years and 8 months) | Restored
152  | St. Callistus II | 17 May – c. August 1397
(3 months) |
153  | Matthew I | October 1397 – summer 1402
(4 years and a half)
June 1403 – 10 August 1410
(7 years and 2 months) | Deposed in the absence of
Manuel II Palaiologos; restored on his return
154  | Euthymius II | 26 October 1410 – 29 March 1416
(5 years, 5 months and 3 days) |
155  | Joseph II | 21 May 1416 – 10 June 1439
(23 years, 1 month and 20 days) |
156  | Metrophanes II | 4 May 1440 – 1 August 1443
(3 years, 2 months and 27 days) |
157  | Gregory III | summer 1445 – summer 1450
(5 years) | Deposed; died in 1459
158  | Athanasius II | summer 1450 – 1453
(3 years) | Existence contested

On 29 May 1453 Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks, thus marking the end of the Byzantine Empire. The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople became subject to the Ottoman Empire.

### 1453–1466

[edit]

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

159  | Gennadius II
Scholarios | 6 January 1454 – 6 January 1456
(2 years) | Resigned; died c. 1472
160  | Isidore II
Xanthopoulos | January 1456 – 31 March 1462
(6 years and 2 months) |

There are different suggestions by scholars for the succession of the Patriarchs from 1462 to 1466, all of whom resigned. The main positions are the following:

According to Kiminas (2009):[4]

* 161\. Joasaph I, 1 April 1462 – 10 April 1463
* Gennadius II, April 1463 – June 1463
* 162\. Sophronius I, June 1463 – August 1464
* Gennadius II, August 1464 – autumn 1465
* 163\. Mark II, autumn 1465 – autumn 1466
* 164\. Symeon I, autumn 1466 – late 1466

According to Laurent (1968):[18]

* 161\. Joasaph I, April 1462 – April 1463
* Gennadius II, April 1463 – May 1463
* 162\. Sophronius I, May 1463 – July 1464
* Gennadius II, August 1464 – autumn 1465
* 163\. Symeon I, autumn 1465
* 164\. Mark II, early 1466 – autumn 1466

According to Gemanos of Sardeis (1933–1938):[19]

*     * Gennadius II, summer 1462 – summer 1463
* 161\. Sophronius I, August 1463 – August 1464
* Gennadius II, August 1464 – autumn 1464
* 162\. Joasaph I, early 1465 – early 1466
* 163\. Mark II, early 1466 – mid-1466
* 164\. Symeon I, mid-1466 – late 1466

|
|

### 1466–1822

[edit]

The chronology up to the year 1595 is somewhat disputed by authors.

#  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes

|
|
|

165  | St. Dionysius I | late 1466 – late 1471
(5 years) | Resigned; died 1492
(164)  | Symeon I (2nd time)  | late 1471 – early 1475
(3 years) | Restored; resigned
166  | Raphael I | early 1475 – early 1476
(1 year) | Deposed and imprisoned
167  | St. Maximus III | 1476 – 3 April 1482
(6 years or less) |
(164)  | Symeon I (3rd time)  | April 1482 – autumn 1486
(4 years) |
168  | St. Nephon II | late 1486 – early 1488
(1 year+) | Deposed
(165)  | Dionysius I (2nd time)  | July 1488 – late 1490
(2 years+) | Restored; resigned
169  | Maximus IV | 1491–1497
(6 years) |
(168)  | Nephon II (2nd time)  | 1497–1498
(1 year) | Resigned
170  | Joachim I | 1498–1502
(4 years) | Deposed
(168)  | Nephon II (3rd time)  | 1502
(briefly) | Deposed; died 11 August 1508
171  | Pachomius I | 1503–1504
(1 year) | Deposed
(170)  | Joachim I (2nd time)  | 1504
(briefly) |
(171)  | Pachomius I (2nd time)  | 1504–1513
(9 years) |
172  | Theoleptus I | Mid-1513 – December 1522
(9 years) |
173  | St. Jeremias I | 31 Dec 1522 – April/May 1524
(1 year and 4/5 months) | Deposed
174  | Joannicius I | April/May 1524 – 24 September 1525
(1 year and 4/5 months) | Deposed
(173)  | Jeremias I (2nd time)  | 24 September 1525 – 13 January 1546
(20 years, 3 months and 20 days) |
175  | Dionysius II | 17 April 1546 – July 1556
(10 years and 3 months) |
176  | Joasaph II | July/August 1556 – 15 January 1565
(8 years and 5 months) | Deposed
177  | Metrophanes III | January/February 1565 – 4 May 1572
(7 years and 2/3 months) | Resigned
178  | Jeremias II | 5 May 1572 – 23 November 1579
(7 years, 6 months and 18 days) | Resigned
(177)  | Metrophanes III (2nd time)  | 25 November 1579 – 9 August 1580
(8 months and 15 days) |
(178)  | Jeremias II (2nd time)  | August 1580 – 22 February 1584
(7 years and 6 months) | Deposed and exiled
179  | Pachomius II | 22 February 1584 – February 1585
(1 year lacking a few days) | Deposed
180  | Theoleptus II | 16 February 1585 – May 1586
(1 year and 3 months) | Deposed
(178)  | Jeremias II (3rd time)  | April 1587 – September 1595
(8 years and 5 months) | Deposed
181  | Matthew II | February 1596
(20 days) | Deposed
182  | Gabriel I | March – August 1596[i]
(5 months) |
183  | Theophanes I | February 1597 – 26 March 1597
(6 months) |
184  | Meletius I | c. 30 March 1597 – March 1598
(11 months) | Greek Patriarch of Alexandria; resigned;
died on 12 September 1601 (aged 52)
(181)  | Matthew II (2nd time)  | April 1598 – January 1602
(3 years and 9 months) | Restored and resigned
185  | Neophytus II | c. February 1602 – January 1603
(about 11 months) | Deposed and exiled
(181)  | Matthew II (3rd time)  | January – early February 1603
(17 days) | Died after 17 days
186  | Raphael II | February 1603 – October 1607
(4 years and 8 months) | Resigned; died a few months later
(185)  | Neophytus II (2nd time)  | 15 October 1607 – October 1612
(5 years) | Deposed and exiled
187  | Cyril I | October 1612
(21 days) | Greek Patriarch of Alexandria; resigned
188  | Timothy II | November 1612 – 3 September 1620
(7 years and 10 months) |
(187)  | Cyril I (2nd time)  | 4 November 1620 – 12 April 1623
(2 years, 5 months and 8 days) | Deposed
189  | Gregory IV | 12 April – 18 June 1623
(2 months and 6 days) | Deposed and exiled
190  | Anthimus II | 18 June – 22 September 1623
(3 months and 4 days) | Resigned
(187)  | Cyril I (3rd time)  | 22 September 1623 – 4 Oct 1633
(10 years and 12 days) | Deposed
191  | Cyril II
Kontares | 4 – 11 October 1633
(7 days) | Deposed and exiled after a week; 3rd
shortest patriarchate (with Gabriel II)
(187)  | Cyril I (4th time)  | 11 October 1633 – 25 February 1634
(10 years and 12 days) | Deposed
192  | Athanasius III
Patelaros | 25 February – early April 1634
(1 month and a few days) | Deposed
(187)  | Cyril I (5th time)  | April 1634 – March 1635
(11 months) | Deposed
(191)  | Cyril II (2nd time)  | March 1635 – June 1636
(1 year and 3 months) | Deposed and exiled
193  | Neophytus III | June 1636 – March 1637
(9 months) | Resigned
(187)  | Cyril I (6th time)  | March 1637 – 20 June 1638
(1 year and 3 months) | Deposed and killed by the
Janissaries on 27 June 1638 (aged 66)
(191)  | Cyril II (3rd time)  | 20 June 1638 – late June 1639
(1 year) | Deposed and exiled;
arrested on 24 June 1640
194  | Parthenius I | 1 July 1639 – 8 September 1644
(5 years) | Deposed and exiled
195  | Parthenius II | 8 September 1644 – 16 November 1646
(2 years, 2 months and 8 days) | Deposed and exiled
196  | Joannicius II | 16 November 1646 – 28 October 1648
(1 year, 11 months and 12 days) | Deposed
(195)  | Parthenius II (2nd time)  | 29 October 1648 – 16 May 1651
(2 years, 6 months and 18 days) | Killed by the Janissaries
(196)  | Joannicius II (2nd time)  | June 1651 – June 1652
(1 year) | Deposed
197  | Cyril III | June 1652
(8 days) | Deposed and exiled;
4th shortest patriarchate
(192)  | Athanasius III (2nd time)  | June 1652
(15 days) | Resigned; died on 5 April 1654;
6th shortest patriarchate
198  | Paisius I | July 1652 – April 1653
(9 months) | Resigned
(196)  | Joannicius II (3rd time)  | April 1653 – March 1654
(11 months) | Deposed
(197)  | Cyril III (2nd time)  | March 1654
(14 days) | Deposed and exiled again
(198)  | Paisus I (2nd time)  | March 1654 – March 1655
(1 year) | Deposed
(196)  | Joannicius II (4th time)  | March 1655 – July 1656
(1 year and 4 months) | Deposed; died in 1660
199  | St. Parthenius III | 26 July 1656 – 24 March 1657
(8 months) | Executed
200  | Gabriel II | 23 – 30 April 1657
(7 days) | Deposed; killed on 3 December 1659;
3rd shortest patriarchate (with Cyril II)
201  | Parthenius IV | 1 May 1657 – June 1662
(5 years and 1 month) | Resigned
202  | Dionysius III (1662–1665)  | 29 June 1662 – 21 October 1665
(4 years, 3 months and 22 days) | Deposed, died on 28 August 1696
(201)  | Parthenius IV (2nd time)  | 21 October 1665 – 9 September 1667
(1 year, 10 months and 19 days) | Deposed and exiled
203  | Clement | 9 September 1667 – 5 January 1668
(3 months and 27 days) | Bought the position of patriarch;
deposed and exiled
204  | Methodius III | 5 January 1668 – March 1671
(3 years and 2 months) | Resigned
(201)  | Parthenius IV (3rd time)  | March – 7 September 1671
(6 months) | Deposed and exiled
205  | Dionysius IV | 8 November 1671 – 25 July 1673
(1 year, 8 years and 17 days) | Deposed
206  | Gerasimus II | 25 July 1673 – December 1674
(1 year and 5 months) | Deposed; died 6 February 1689
(201)  | Parthenius IV (4th time)  | 1 January 1675 – 29 July 1676
(1 year, 6 months and 28 days) | Deposed
(205)  | Dionysius IV (2nd time)  | 29 July 1676 – 30 July 1679
(3 years and 1 day) | Deposed
207  | Athanasius IV | 30 July – 10 August 1679
(11 days) | Deposed and exiled
208  | James | 10 August 1679 – 30 July 1682
(2 years, 11 months and 20 days) | Resigned
(205)  | Dionysius IV (3rd time)  | 10 July 1682 – 30 March 1684
(1 year, 8 months and 20 days) | Resigned
(201)  | Parthenius IV (5th time)  | 10 March 1684 – 20 March 1685
(1 year and 10 days) | Resigned
(208)  | James (2nd time)  | 20 March 1685 – March 1686
(1 year) | Deposed
(205)  | Dionysius IV (4th time)  | March 1686 – 17 October 1687
(1 year and 7 months) | Deposed
(208)  | James (3rd time)  | 12 October 1687 – 3 March 1688
(4 months and 22 days) | Resigned; died March 1690
209  | Callinicus II | 3 March – 27 November 1688
(8 months and 24 days) | Deposed
210  | Neophytus IV | 27 November 1688 – 7 March 1689
(3 months and 10 days) | Deposed
(209)  | Callinicus II (2nd time)  | 7 March 1689 – July 1693
(4 years and 4 months) | Deposed
(205)  | Dionysius IV (5th time)  | August 1693 – April 1694
(8 months) | Deposed; died 23 September 1696
(209)  | Callinicus II (3rd time)  | April 1694 – 8 August 1702
(8 years and 4 months) |
211  | Gabriel III | 29 August 1702 – 25 October 1707
(5 years and 2 months) |
212  | Neophytus V | 20 – 25 October 1707
(5 days) | 2nd shortest patriarchate; not recognized
by the Sultan
213  | Cyprianus | 25 October 1707 – May 1709
(2 years) | Deposed and exiled
214  | Athanasius V | May 1709 – 4 December 1711
(2 years and 7 months) | Resigned
215  | Cyril IV | December 1711 – November 1713
(1 year and 11 months) | Resigned; died 1728
(213)  | Cyprianus (2nd)  | November 1713 – 28 February 1714
(3 months) | Resigned
216  | Cosmas III | 28 February 1714 – 23 March 1716
(2 years and 24 days) | Resigned; died 28 Nov 1736
217  | Jeremias III | 23 March 1716 – 19 November 1726
(10 years, 8 months and 27 days) | Deposed and exiled
218  | Callinicus III | 19 – 20 November 1726
(1 day) | Shortest patriarchate; died the day after
his election. Sometimes not counted.
219  | Paisius II | 20 November 1726 – September 1732
(5 years and 10 months) | Deposed and exiled
(217)  | Jeremias III (2nd time)  | 15 September 1732 – March 1733
(6 months) | Deposed and exiled; died October 1735
220  | Seraphim I | March 1733 – September 1734
(1 year and 6 months) | Deposed and exiled
221  | Neophytus VI | 27 September 1734 – August 1740
(5 years and 11 months) | Deposed
(219)  | Paisius II (2nd time)  | August 1740 – May 1743
(2 years and 9 months) | Deposed
(221)  | Neophytus VI (2nd time)  | May 1743 – March 1744
(11 months) | Deposed and exiled;
died February/March 1747
(219)  | Paisius II (3rd time)  | March 1744 – 28 September 1748
(4 years and 6 months) | Resigned
222  | Cyril V | 28 September 1748 – May 1751
(2 years and 8 months) | Deposed
(219)  | Paisius II (4th time)  | May 1751 – September 1752
(1 year and 4 months) | Deposed;
died October/December 1756
(222)  | Cyril V (2nd time)  | 7 September 1752 – 16 January 1757
(4 years, 4 months and 9 days) | Deposed and exiled;
died 27 July 1775
223  | Callinicus IV | 16 January – 22 July 1757
(6 months and 6 days) | Deposed and exiled;
died in 1791 (aged 78)
224  | Seraphim II | 22 July 1757 – 26 March 1761
(3 years, 8 months and 4 days) | Deposed and exiled;
died on 7 December 1779
225  | Joannicius III | 26 March 1761 – 21 May 1763
(2 years, 4 months and 27 days) | Deposed and exiled
226  | Samuel | 24 May 1763 – 5 November 1768
(5 years, 5 months and 12 days) | Deposed and exiled
227  | Meletius II | 5 November 1768 – 11 April 1769
(5 months and 6 days) | Imprisoned, then deposed and exiled
228  | Theodosius II | 11 April 1769 – 16 November 1773
(4 years, 7 months and 5 days) | Deposed
(226)  | Samuel (2nd time)  | 17 November 1773 – 24 December 1774
(1 year, 1 month and 7 days) | Deposed;
died 10 May 1775
229  | Sophronius II | 24 December 1774 – 8 October 1780
(5 years, 9 months and 15 days) | Former Patriarch of Jerusalem
230  | Gabriel IV | 8 October 1780 – 29 June 1785
(4 years, 8 months and 21 days) |
231  | Procopius | 29 June 1785 – 30 April 1789
(3 years, 10 months and 1 day) | Deposed and exiled;
died 13 March 1812 (aged about 82)
232  | Neophytus VII | 1 May 1789 – 1 March 1794
(4 years and 10 months) | Deposed and exiled
233  | Gerasimus III | 3 March 1794 – 19 April 1797
(3 years, 1 month and 16 days) | Resigned
234  | St. Gregory V | 19 April 1797 – 18 December 1798
(1 year, 7 months and 29 days) | Deposed and exiled
(232)  | Neophytus VII (2nd time)  | 19 December 1798 – 17 June 1801
(2 years, 5 months and 29 days) | Deposed and exiled
235  | Callinicus V | 17 June 1801 – 22 September 1806
(5 years, 3 months and 5 days) | Resigned
(234)  | Gregory V (2nd time)  | 23 September 1806 – 10 September 1808
(2 years lacking 13 days) | Resigned
(235)  | Callinicus V (2nd time)  | 10 September 1808 – 23 April 1809
(7 months and 13 days) | Deposed
236  | Jeremias IV | 23 April 1809 – 4 March 1813
(4 years and 11 days) | Resigned; died 5 March 1824
237  | Cyril VI | 4 March 1813 – 13 December 1818
(5 years, 9 months and 9 days) | Executed on 18 April 1821, aged 46
(see Greek War of Independence)
(234)  | Gregory V (3rd time)  | 14 December 1818 – 10 April 1821
(2 years, 2 months and 27 days) | Deposed and executed;
killed at the age of 75
238  | Eugenius II | 10 April 1821 – 27 July 1822
(1 year, 3 months and 17 days) |

### 1822–1923

[edit]

Greece, which was recognized as an independent country in 1830, adopted the modern Gregorian calendar in 1923, followed by Turkey in 1926. The difference between the Gregorian and Julian calendars is of 12 days, meaning that some sources may give a different date depending on the calendar used (see also Old Style and New Style dates). The list follows the Julian dates used at the time in Greece and the Ottoman Empire.

#  | Portrait  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes  | Lifespan

|
|
|
|
|

239  |  | Anthimus III
Άνθιμος Γ΄ | 28 July 1822 – 9 July 1824
(1 year, 11 months and 11 days) | Deposed and exiled  | † 13 August 1842
240  |  | Chrysanthus
Χρύσανθος | 9 July 1824 – 26 September 1826
(6 years, 2 months and 18 days) | Deposed and exiled  | 1768 – 10 September 1834
(aged 66)
241  |  | Agathangelus
Αγαθάγγελος | 26 September 1826 – 5 July 1830
(3 years, 7 months and 10 days) | Deposed and exiled  | † 30 November 1831
242  |  | Constantius I
Κωνστάντιος Α΄ | 6 July 1830 – 18 August 1834
(4 years, 1 month and 12 days) | Resigned  | 1770 – 5 January 1859
(aged 89)

On 23 July 1833, the Church of Greece declared itself autocephalous. It was followed by the Romanian Orthodox Church in 1864, the Bulgarian Exarchate in 1872, and the Serbian Orthodox Church in 1879, thus reducing the territorial extent of the Ecumenical Patriarchate's jurisdiction.

#  | Portrait  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes  | Lifespan

|
|
|
|
|

243  | –  | Constantius II
Κωνστάντιος Β΄ | 18 August 1834 – 26 September 1835
(1 year, 1 month and 8 days) | Deposed  | 1780 – 17 June 1859
(aged 79)
244  |  | Gregory VI
Fourtouniadis
Γρηγόριος ΣΤ΄ | 27 September 1835 – 20 February 1840
(4 years, 4 months and 24 days) | Deposed  | 1798 – 8 June 1881
(aged 83)
245  |  | Anthimus IV
Vamvakis
Άνθιμος Δ΄ | 20 February 1840 – 6 May 1841
(1 year, 2 months and 16 days) | Deposed  | 1788 – 1878
(aged 90)
246  | –  | Anthimus V
Chrysafidis
Άνθιμος Ε΄ | 6 May 1841 – 12 June 1842
(1 year, 1 month and 6 days)  | –  | † 12 June 1842
247  |  | Germanus IV
Γερμανός Δ΄ | 14 June 1842 – 18 April 1845
(2 years, 10 months and 4 days) | Deposed  | 1788 – 16 September 1853
(aged 65)
248  | –  | Meletius III
Pangalos
Μελέτιος Γ΄ | 18 April – 28 November 1845
(7 months and 10 days) | –  | 1772 – 28 November 1845
(aged 73)
249  |  | Anthimus VI
Ioannides
Άνθιμος ΣΤ΄ | 4 December 1845 – 18 October 1848
(2 years, 10 months and 14 days) | Deposed  | 1782 – 1878
(aged 96)
(245)  |  | Anthimus IV
(2nd time)  | 18 October 1848 – 30 October 1852
(4 years and 12 days) | Deposed  | 1788 – 1878
(aged 90)
(247)  |  | Germanus IV
(2nd time)  | 1 November 1852 – 16 September 1853
(10 months and 15 days) | –  | 1788 – 16 September 1853
(aged 65)
(249)  |  | Anthimus VI
(2nd time)  | 24 September 1853 – 21 September 1855
(1 year, 11 months and 28 days) | Deposed  | 1782 – 1878
(aged 96)
250  |  | Cyril VII
Κύριλλος Ζ΄ | 21 September 1855 – 1 July 1860
(4 years, 9 months and 10 days)  | Deposed  | 1800 – 13 March 1872
(aged 72)
251  |  | Joachim II
Kokkodis
Ιωακείμ Β΄ | 4 October 1860 – 9 July 1863
(2 years, 9 months and 5 days) | Deposed  | 1802 – 4 August 1878
(aged 76)
252  |  | Sophronius III
Meidantzoglous
Σωφρόνιος Γ΄ | 20 September 1863 – 4 December 1866
(3 years, 2 months and 14 days) | Resigned  | 1802 – 22 August 1899
(aged 97)
(244)  |  | Gregory VI
(2nd time)  | 10 February 1867 – 10 June 1871
(4 years and 4 months) | Resigned  | 1798 – 8 June 1881
(aged 83)
(249)  |  | Anthimus VI
(3rd time)  | 5 September 1871 – 30 September 1873
(2 years and 25 days) | Resigned  | 1782 – 18 October 1878
(aged 96)
(251)  |  | Joachim II
(2nd time)  | 23 November 1873 – 4 August 1878
(4 years, 8 months and 12 days) |  | 1802 – 4 August 1878
(aged 76)
253  |  | Joachim III
Devetzis
Ιωακείμ Γ΄ | 4 October 1878 – 30 March 1884
(5 years, 5 months and 26 days) | Resigned  | 30 January 1834 –
13 November 1912
(aged 78)
254  |  | Joachim IV
Krousouloudis
Ιωακείμ Δ΄ | 1 October 1884 – 14 November 1886
(2 years, 1 month and 11 days) | Resigned  | 5 July 1837 – 15 February 1887
(aged 50)
255  |  | Dionysius V
Charitonidis
Διονύσιος Ε΄ | 4 February 1887 – 25 August 1891
(4 years, 6 months and 21 days) |  | 22 March 1820 –
25 August 1891
(aged 71)
256  |  | Neophytus VIII
Papakonstantinou
Νεόφυτος Η΄ | 8 November 1891 – 6 November 1894
(2 years, 11 months and 29 days) | Resigned  | 1832 – 18 July 1909
(aged 77)
257  |  | Anthimus VII
Tsatsos
Άνθιμος Ζ΄ | 1 February 1895 – 29 January 1897
(1 year, 11 months and 28 days) | Resigned  | 1827 – 5 December 1913
(aged 86)
258  |  | Constantine V
Valiadis

Κωνσταντίνος Ε΄

| 14 April 1897 – 9 April 1901
(3 years, 11 months and 26 days) | Deposed  | 11 January 1833 –
27 February 1914
(aged 81)
(253)  |  | Joachim III
(2nd time)  | 25 May 1901 – 13 November 1912
(11 years, 5 months and 19 days) |  | 30 January 1834 – 30 November 1912
(aged 78)
259  |  | Germanus V
Kavvakopoulos
Γερμανός Ε΄ | 10 February 1913 – 25 October 1918
(5 years, 8 months and 15 days) | Resigned  | 6 December 1835 –
28 July 1920
(aged 85)
260  |  | Meletius IV
Metaxakis
Μελέτιος Δ΄ | 8 December 1918 –
20 September 1923
(4 years, 9 months and 12 days) | Resigned,
also Archbishop of Athens and
Greek Patriarch of Alexandria | 21 September 1871 –
28 July 1935
(aged 64)

On 24 July 1923, the Ottoman Empire was dissolved and replaced by the Republic of Turkey.

### 1923–present

[edit]

#  | Picture  | Name  | Tenure  | Notes  | Lifespan

|
|
|
|
|

261  |  | Gregory VII
Zervoudakis
Γρηγόριος Ζ΄ | 6 December 1923 – 17 November 1924
(11 months and 11 days) |  | 21 September 1850 – 17 November 1924
(aged 74)
262  |  | Constantine VI
Arampoglous
Κωνσταντίνος ΣΤ΄ | 17 December 1924 – 22 May 1925
(5 months and 5 days) | Resigned after being
deported to Greece | 1859 – 28 November 1930
(aged 71)
263  |  | Basil III
Georgiadis
Βασίλειος Γ' | 13 July 1925 – 29 September 1929
(4 years, 2 months and 16 days) |  | 1846 – 29 September 1929
(aged 83)
264  | –  | Photius II
Maniatis
Φώτιος Β' | 7 October 1929 – 29 December 1935
(6 years, 2 months and 22 days) |  | 1874 – 29 December 1935
(aged 61)
265  |  | Benjamin I[j]
Βενιαμίν | 18 January 1936 – 17 February 1946
(10 years and 30 days)  |  | 18 January 1871 – 17 February 1946
(aged 75)
266  | –  | Maximus V
Vaportzis
Μάξιμος Ε' | 20 February 1946 – 19 October 1948
(2 years, 7 months and 28 days)  | Resigned  | 1897 – 1 January 1972
(aged 74)
267  |  | Athenagoras I
Spyrou
Αθηναγόρας | 1 November 1948 – 7 July 1972
(23 years, 8 months and 6 days) |  | 6 April 1886 – 7 July 1972
(aged 86)
268  | –  | Demetrios I
Papadopoulos
Δημήτριος | 16 July 1972 – 2 October 1991
(19 years, 2 months and 16 days)  |  | 8 September 1914 – 2 October 1991
(aged 77)
269  |  | Bartholomew I
Arhondonis
Βαρθολομαίος | Since 2 November 1991
(33 years, 9 months and 10 days) | Current patriarch | Born on 29 February 1940
(aged 85)

## Lengths of tenure

[edit]

Longest-reigning patriarchs

1. Bartholomew (1991–present): 34 years+
2. Sergius I (610–638): 28 years, 7 months and 21 days.
3. Nicholas III Grammaticus (1084–1111): 26 years and 8 months
4. Athenagoras (1948–1972): 23 years, 8 months and 6 days
5. Joseph II (1416–1439): 23 years, 1 month and 20 days
6. Theophylact Lekapenos (933–956): 23 years and 25 days
7. John IX Agapetus (1111–1134): 22 years and 11 months
8. Tarasios (784–806): 21 years, 2 months and 24 days
9. Saint Jeremias I (2nd term, 1525–1546): 20 years, 3 months and 20 days
10. Demetrius (1972–1991): 19 years, 2 months and 16 days

Shortest-reigning patriarchs[k]

1. Callinicus III (19–20 November 1726): 1 day
2. Neophytus V (20–25 October 1707): 5 days
3. Cyril II of Constantinople (4–11 October 1633) and Gabriel II (23–30 April 1657): 7 days
4. Cyril III of Constantinople (June 1652): 8 days
5. Dositheus of Constantinople (February 1189): 9 days
6. Athanasius III Patelarios (2nd term, June 1653): 15 days
7. Matthew II (3rd term, January 1603): 17 days
8. Matthew II (1st term, February 1596): 20 days
9. Cyril Lucaris (1st term, October 1612): 21 days
10. Athanasius III (1st term, February–April 1634): 1 month and a few days

## Patriarchal names

[edit]

The most frequently used patriarchal name is John, with 14 ecumenical patriarchs taking this name. There have also been 74 patriarchal names that have only been used once. The number of all patriarchs to the present is 269.

Rank  | Name  | # | Ecumenical Patriarch

|
|
|

1  | John | 14  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI * VII * VIII * IX * X * XI * XII * XIII * XIV
2  | Neophytus  | 8  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI * VII * VIII
3  | Anthimus  | 7  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI * VII
Cyril  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI * VII
Gregory  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI * VII
6  | Constantine  | 6  | I * II * III * IV * V * VI
7  | Athanasius  | 5  | I * II * III * IV * V
Callinicus  | I * II * III * IV * V
Dionysius  | I * II * III * IV * V
Germanus  | I * II * III * IV * V
Maximus  | I * II * III * IV * V
12  | Antony  | 4  | I * II * III * IV
Gabriel  | I * II * III * IV
Jeremias  | I * II * III * IV
Joachim  | I * II * III * IV
Meletius  | I * II * III * IV
Michael  | I * II * III * IV
Nicholas  | I * II * III * IV
Parthenius  | I * II * III * IV
Paul  | I * II * III * IV
21  | Basil  | 3  | I * II * III
Cosmas  | I * II * III
Gerasimus  | I * II * III
Joannicius  | I * II * III
Methodius  | I * II * III
Metrophanes  | I * II * III
Sophronius  | I * II * III
28  | Callistus  | 2  | I * II
Constantius  | I * II
Cyriacus  | I * II
Eugenius  | I * II
Euthymius  | I * II
Gennadius  | I * II
George  | I * II
Isidore  | I * II
Joasaph  | I * II
Joseph  | I * II
Macedonius  | I * II
Manuel  | I * II
Mark  | I * II
Matthew  | I * II
Nephon  | I * II
Nicephorus  | I * II
Nicetas  | I * II
Pachomius  | I * II
Paisius  | I * II
Photius  | I * II
Polycarpus  | I * II
Raphael  | I * II
Seraphim  | I * II
Sergius  | I * II
Sisinnius  | I * II
Stephen  | I * II
Theodore  | I * II
Theodosius  | I * II
Theodotus  | I * II
Theoleptus  | I * II
Thomas  | I * II
Timothy  | I * II
60  | Acacius  | 1  |
Agathangelus  |
Alexander  |
Alexius  |
Alypius  |
Anastasius  |
Anatolius  |
Andrew  |
Arsacius  |
Arsenius  |
Athenagoras  |
Athenodorus  |
Atticus  |
Bartholomew  | (Incumbent)
Benjamin  |
Castinus  |
Chariton  |
Chrysanthus  |
Clement  |
Cyprianus  |
Demetrios  |
Demophilus  |
Diogenes  |
Dometius  |
Dositheus  |
Eleutherius  |
Epiphanius  |
Eudoxius  |
Euphemius  |
Eusebius  |
Eustathius  |
Eustratius  |
Eutychius  |
Euzois  |
Evagrius  |
Felix  |
Flavian  |
Fravitta  |
Ignatius  |
Isaias  |
James  |
Kyros  |
Laurence  |
Leo  |
Leontius  |
Luke  |
Macarius  |
Maximianus  |
Menas  |
Nectarius  |
Nestorius  |
Nilus  |
Olympianus  |
Onesimus  |
Pertinax  |
Peter  |
Philadelphus  |
Philotheus  |
Plutarch  |
Polyeuctus  |
Probus  |
Proclus  |
Procopius  |
Pyrrhus  |
Rufinus  |
Samuel  |
Sedecion  |
Stachys  |
Symeon  |
Tarasios  |
Theophanes  |
Theophylact  |
Titus  |
Tryphon

## Notes and references

[edit]

### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Andrew's legend is not attested before the mid-9th century and was not fully accepted until the mid-11th.[1] The first list of bishops was allegedly written by Dorotheus of Tyre c. 300 AD, but modern scholars have shown that this was a 9th-century forgery. In fact, "there is no evidence of any significant Christian community at Byzantium before Metrophanes of Byzantium... Had there been a pre-Constantinian Christian community in Byzantium, it would have been small and under the jurisdiction of a bishop of a neighboring region".[2] Almost all early sources refer to Metrophanes as the first bishop. His successor Alexander is often called the first archbishop, but this title doesn't appear to have been used before the 5th century.[3] The 10th-century Pseudo-Simeon, probably using an independent source, states that there were indeed bishops before Metrophanes, but only records Philadelphus of Byzantium (under Caracalla), Eugenius I of Byzantium (under Gordian III) and Rufinus of Byzantium (under Numerian). Either way, even if Metrophanes had predecessors (which seems unlikely), their names were not recorded.[1]
2. ^ Besides the first 25 bishops, some patriarchs like Callinicus III of Constantinople and Athanasius II of Constantinople are sometimes not counted as legitimate holders of the office.
3. ^ There is some confusion surrounding the titulature of the early bishops. It is often stated that the title of archbishop was adopted shortly after 330.[6] The Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century refers to Nectarius of Constantinople as the first archbishop,[7] while Venance Grumel refers to him as the first patriarch. The Catholic Encyclopedia states that he "may be counted its first patriarch".[8] Socrates of Constantinople Historia Ecclesiastica (c. 440) indicate that the bishop was already called "patriarch" by his time.[3]
4. ^ Also known as Theodosius I.[5]
5. ^ Theodotus II was elected between March 1151 and April 1152 and died between October 1153 and October 1154. His successor Neophytus was elected between October 1153 and November 1154.[13]
6. ^ Sources do not agree on the exact years for the period 1240–1265.
7. ^ Elected on 28 December 1265.
8. ^ Elected on 28 March 1275.
9. ^ Theophanes Karykes served as patriarch locum tenens until December 1596; after which Meletius Pegas served as patriarch locum tenens until February 1597.
10. ^ Also recorded as Benjamin Psomas
11. ^ The unusual frequency of patriarchs deposed and restored, especially in the 17th and 18th centuries, has been noted by contemporaries.[20]

### References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Dvornik, Francis (1958). The Idea of Apostolicity in Byzantium and the Legend of the Apostle Andrew (PDF). Harvard University Press. pp. 223–264\. ISBN 978-0-88402-004-2. `{{cite book}}`: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
2. ^ Limberis, Vasiliki (2002). Divine Heiress - The Virgin Mary and the Making of Christian Constantinople. Routledge. pp. 10–15\. ISBN 978-1-134-86279-5.
3. ^ a b ODB, p. 155.
4. ^ a b c Kiminas, Demetrius (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press. pp. 30–44\. ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6.
5. ^ a b "Κατάλογος Οικουμενικών Πατριαρχών - Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο" [List of Ecumenical Patriarchs] (in Greek). 2019.
6. ^ Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Encyclopædia Britannica.
7. ^ Alexander, St., bishop of Byzantium. Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century
8. ^ Nectarius Catholic Encyclopedia
9. ^ "Bishops/Patriarchs of Constantinople". Internet History Sourcebooks Project. Retrieved 27 July 2024.
10. ^ ODB, p. 520–523.
11. ^ Lawler, Jennifer (2015). Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire. McFarland & Company. pp. 327–328\. ISBN 978-1-4766-0929-4.
12. ^ "Pope Saint Leo I and Council of Chalcedon", Papal Encyclicals Online, https://www.papalencyclicals.net/councils/ecum04.htm. Accessed 23 January 2025.
13. ^ a b Grumel, Venance (1943). "La chronologie des patriarches de Constantinople de 1111 à 1206". Revue des études byzantines. 1: 263. doi:10.3406/rebyz.1943.909. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
14. ^ a b Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 713\. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
15. ^ Angold, Michael (2017) [2008]. "After the Fourth Crusade - the Greek rump states and the recovery of Byzantium". In Shepard, Jonathan (ed.). The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire, c. 500–1492. Cambridge University Press. pp. 742–743\. ISBN 9781409410980.
16. ^ Ostrogorsky, George (1968). History of the Byzantine State (2nd ed.). Blackwell. pp. 427–428\. LCCN 68-28316.
17. ^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 91\. ISBN 978-0-472-10079-8. OCLC 749133662.
18. ^ Vitalien, Laurent (1968). "Les premiers patriarches de Constantinople sous la domination turque (1454-1476)". Revue des études byzantines (26): 229–263\. doi:10.3406/rebyz.1968.1407.
19. ^ Σαρδεων Γερμανος (1933–1938). "Συµβολή εις τους πατριαρχικούς καταλόγους Κωνσταντινουπόλεως από της αλώσεως και εξής". Ορθοδοξια (in Greek) (8–13).8–13&rft.date=1933/1938&rft.au=Σαρδεων+Γερμανος&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+ecumenical+patriarchs+of+Constantinople" class="Z3988">
20. ^ Clogg, Richard (2013). A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge University Press. p. 13\. ISBN 978-1-107-65644-4.

* Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991). Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1950-4652-6. (see ODB)
* Vitalien, Laurent (1968). "Les premiers patriarches de Constantinople sous la domination turque (1454–1476)" (PDF). Revue des études byzantines (26): 229–263\. doi:10.3406/rebyz.1968.1407.

## See also

[edit]

* Apostolic succession
* Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
* Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople

## External links

[edit]

* Patriarchate.org, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
* EC-patr.org List of Ecumenical Patriarchs from the official website of the Ecumenical Patriarchate

* v
* t
* e

Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs of Constantinople

Bishops of Byzantium
(Roman period, 38–330 AD)|

* Andrew
* Stachys
* Onesimus
* Polycarpus I
* Plutarch
* Sedecion
* Diogenes
* Eleutherius
* Felix
* Polycarpus II
* Athenodorus
* Euzois
* Laurence
* Alypius
* Pertinax
* Olympianus
* Marcus I
* Philadelphus
* Cyriacus I
* Castinus
* Eugenius I
* Titus
* Dometius
* Rufinus
* Probus
* Metrophanes
* Alexander

Archbishops of Constantinople
(Roman period, 330–451 AD)|

* Alexander
* Paul I
* Eusebius
* Macedonius I
* Eudoxius
* Evagrius
* Demophilus
* Maximus I
* Gregory I
* Nectarius
* John I Chrysostom
* Arsacius
* Atticus
* Sisinnius I
* Nestorius
* Maximianus
* Proclus
* Flavian
* Anatolius

Patriarchs of Constantinople
(Byzantine period, 451–1453 AD)|

* Anatolius
* Gennadius I
* Acacius
* Fravitta
* Euphemius
* Macedonius II
* Timothy I
* John II
* Epiphanius
* Anthimus I
* Menas
* Eutychius
* John III
* John IV
* Cyriacus II
* Thomas I
* Sergius I
* Pyrrhus
* Paul II
* Peter
* Thomas II
* John V
* Constantine I
* Theodore I
* George I
* Paul III
* Callinicus I
* Cyrus
* John VI
* Germanus I
* Anastasius
* Constantine II
* Nicetas I
* Paul IV
* Tarasius
* Nicephorus I
* Theodotus I
* Antony I
* John VII
* Methodius I
* Ignatios
* Photios I
* Stephen I
* Antony II
* Nicholas I
* Εuthymius I
* Stephen II
* Tryphon
* Theophylact
* Polyeuctus
* Βasil I
* Αntony III
* Nicholas II
* Sisinnius II
* Sergius II
* Eustathius
* Alexius
* Michael I
* Constantine III
* John VIII
* Cosmas I
* Eustratius
* Nicholas III
* John IX
* Leo
* Michael II
* Cosmas II
* Nicholas IV
* Theodotus II
* Neophytus I
* Constantine IV
* Luke
* Michael III
* Chariton
* Theodosius I
* Basil II
* Nicetas II
* Leontius
* Dositheus
* George II
* John X
* Michael IV†
* Theodore II†
* Maximus II†
* Μanuel I†
* Germanus II†
* Methodius II†
* Manuel II†
* Arsenius†
* Nicephorus II†
* Germanus III
* Joseph I
* John XI
* Gregory II
* Athanasius I
* John XII
* Nephon I
* John XIII
* Gerasimus I
* Isaias
* John XIV
* Isidore I
* Callistus I
* Philotheus
* Macarius
* Nilus
* Antony IV
* Callistus II
* Matthew I
* Euthymius II
* Joseph II
* Metrophanes II
* Gregory III
* Athanasius II

Patriarchs of Constantinople
(Ottoman period, 1453–1923 AD)|

* Gennadius II
* Isidore II
* Joasaph I
* Sophronius I
* Mark II
* Symeon I
* Dionysius I
* Raphael I
* Maximus III
* Nephon II
* Maximus IV
* Joachim I
* Pachomius I
* Theoleptus I
* Jeremias I
* Joannicius I
* Dionysius II
* Joasaph II
* Metrophanes III
* Jeremias II
* Pachomius II
* Theoleptus II
* Matthew II
* Gabriel I
* Theophanes I
* Meletius I
* Neophytus II
* Raphael II
* Cyril I
* Timothy II
* Gregory IV
* Anthimus II
* Cyril II
* Athanasius III
* Neophytus III
* Parthenius I
* Parthenius II
* Joannicius II
* Cyril III
* Paisius I
* Parthenius III
* Gabriel II
* Parthenius IV
* Dionysius III
* Clement
* Methodius III
* Dionysius IV
* Gerasimus II
* Athanasius IV
* James
* Callinicus II
* Neophytus IV
* Gabriel III
* Neophytus V
* Cyprianus
* Athanasius V
* Cyril IV
* Cosmas III
* Jeremias III
* (Callinicus III)
* Paisius II
* Seraphim I
* Neophytus VI
* Cyril V
* Callinicus IV (III)
* Seraphim II
* Joannicius III
* Samuel
* Meletius II
* Theodosius II
* Sophronius II
* Gabriel IV
* Procopius
* Neophytus VII
* Gerasimus III
* Gregory V
* Callinicus V (IV)
* Jeremias IV
* Cyril VI
* Eugenius II
* Anthimus III
* Chrysanthus
* Agathangelus
* Constantius I
* Constantius II
* Gregory VI
* Anthimus IV
* Anthimus V
* Germanus IV
* Meletius III
* Anthimus VI
* Cyril VII
* Joachim II
* Sophronius III
* Joachim III
* Joachim IV
* Dionysius V
* Neophytus VIII
* Anthimus VII
* Constantine V
* Germanus V
* Meletius IV

Patriarchs of Constantinople
(Turkish period, since 1923 AD)|

* Gregory VII
* Constantine VI
* Basil III
* Photius II
* Benjamin
* Maximus V
* Athenagoras
* Demetrius
* Bartholomew

* † in exile at Nicaea
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