List of empires

For list of empires by size, see list of largest empires.

This is a navigational list of empires.

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## Empires and dynasties[edit]

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This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (December 2017)

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Empire  | Start year  | End year  | Duration (years)

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Abbasid Caliphate | 750 | 1517 | 767
Aceh Sultanate | 1496 | 1903 | 407
Achaemenid Empire | 550 BC | 330 BC | 220
Afsharid Iran | 1736 | 1796 | 60
Aghlabids | 800 | 909 | 109
Ajuran Sultanate | 1312 | 1786 | 474
Akkadian Empire | 2334 BC | 2154 BC | 180
Aksumite Empire | 150 BC | 960 | 1110
Akwamu | 1629 | 1867 | 238
Alaouite Dynasty | 1631 | Present | 392
Almohad Caliphate | 1130 | 1269 | 139
Almoravid Dynasty | 1050 | 1147 | 97
Angevin Empire | 1154 | 1242 | 88
Aq Qoyunlu | 1378 | 1503 | 125
Armenian Empire | 190 BC | 428 | 618
Ashanti Empire | 1670 | 1896 | 226
Assyria | 2025 BC | 609 BC | 1416
Aulikara Empire | 528 | 550 | 22
Austria-Hungary | 1867 | 1918 | 51
Austrian Empire | 1526 | 1867 | 341
Avar Khaganate | 567  | likely 820s  | At least 256
Ayutthaya Kingdom | 1351 | 1767 | 416
Ayyubid Dynasty | 1171 | 1250 | 79
Aztec Empire | 1428 | 1521 | 93
Babylonia | 1792 BC[1][2] | 626 BC | 1166
Neo-Babylonian Empire | 626 BC | 539 BC | 87
Balhae | 698 | 926 | 228
Sultanate of Banjar | 1520 | 1905 | 385
Bamana Empire | 1712 | 1861 | 149
Belgian colonial empire | 1908 | 1962 | 55
Bengal Sultanate | 1352 | 1576 | 209
Benin Empire | 1440 | 1897 | 457
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia/Great Mongolian State  | 1911  | 1924  | 7 (broken up from 1915 to 1921)
Bornu Empire | 1387 | 1893 | 506
Empire of Brazil | 1822 | 1889 | 67
Britannic Empire | 286 | 296 | 10
British Empire | 1707 | 1997 | 290
Bruneian Empire | 1408 | 1888 | 480
Bukhara Empire | 1506 | 1785 | 279
Bulgarian Empire (Great Bulgaria) | 632 | 668 | 36
Bulgarian Empire (first) | 681 | 1018 | 337
Bulgarian Empire (second) | 1185 | 1396 | 211
Burgundian State | 1384 | 1482 | 98
Buyid Dynasty | 934 | 1062 | 128
Calakmul | 484  | 909  | 425
Caliphate of Córdoba | 929 | 1031 | 102
Cao Wei | 220 | 265 | 45
Carolingian Empire | 800 | 887 | 87
Carthaginian Empire | 814 BC | 146 BC | 668
Central African Empire | 1976  | 1979  | 3
Chagatai Khanate | 1225 | 1687 | 462
Chalukya Dynasty | 543 | 753 | 210
Chauhan Dynasty | 551 | 1194 | 643
Chenla | 550 | 802 | 252
Chera Dynasty | 200 BC | 1100 | 1300
Chimor | 900 | 1470 | 570
Chola Empire | 848 | 1279 | 431
Classical Athens | 508 BC | 322 BC | 180
Comanche Empire (debated) | 1750  | 1850  | 100
Commonwealth of England | 1649 | 1660 | 11
Congo Free State | 1885 | 1908 | 23
Crimean Khanate | 1441 | 1783 | 342
Crown of Aragon | 1162 | 1716 | 554
Dacian Empire | 168 BC | 106 | 274
Kingdom of Dagbon | 1200 | 1896 | 696
Danish colonial empire | 1536 | 1953 | 417
Delhi Sultanate | 1206 | 1526 | 320
Pallava Empire | 275 | 897 | 622
Demak Sultanate | 1475 | 1568 | 93
Durrani Empire | 1747 | 1823 | 76
Dutch colonial empire | 1568 | 1975 | 407
Dzungar Khanate | 1634 | 1758 | 124
Eastern Chalukya Empire | 624 | 1189 | 565
Eastern Ganga Dynasty | 493 | 1947 | 1454
Eastern Roman Empire | 395 | 1453 | 1001
Kingdom of England | 927  | 1707  | 780
Old Kingdom of Egypt | 2686 BC | 2181 BC | 508[3]
Middle Kingdom of Egypt | 2055 BC | 1650 BC | 405
New Kingdom of Egypt | 1550 BC | 1077 BC | 473
Elamite Empire | 1210 BC | 1100 BC | 110
Pricipality of Elba | 1814 | 1815 | 0 (11 Months)
Ethiopian Empire | 1270 | 1974 | 704
Fatimid Caliphate | 909 | 1171 | 262
First French Empire | 1804 | 1815 | 11
Second French Empire | 1852 | 1870 | 18
French colonial empire | 1534 | 1980/Present | 446/489
Frankish Empire | 481 | 843 | 362
Funan | 50 | 550 | 500
Gallic Empire | 260 | 274 | 14
Gaza Empire | 1824 | 1895 | 71
Genoese Republic | 1096 | 1797 | 698
German colonial empire | 1884 | 1920 | 36
German Empire | 1848 | 1849 | 1
German Empire | 1871 | 1918 | 47
Ghana Empire | 100/300 (Debated) | 1240 | 1140/940 (Debated)
Ghaznavid Empire | 977 | 1186 | 209
Ghurid Dynasty | 1148 | 1215 | 67
Goguryeo | 37 BC | 668 | 705
Goryeo | 918 | 1392 | 474
Gorkha Empire | 1600 | 1850 | 250
Göktürk Khaganate | 551 | 744 | 193
Golden Horde | 1240 | 1502 | 262
Sultanate of Gowa | 1300 | 1945 | 645
Gran Colombia | 1819 | 1831 | 12
Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 1236 | 1795 | 559
Empire of Great Fulo | 1514 | 1776 | 262
Great Moravian Empire | 833 | 907 | 74
Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty | 600 | 1136 | 536
Gupta Empire | 320 | 550 | 230
First Empire of Haiti | 1804 | 1806 | 2
Second Empire of Haiti | 1849 | 1859 | 10
Hafsid Kingdom | 1228 | 1574 | 346
Han dynasty | 206 BC | 220 | 426
Empire of Harsha | 606 | 647 | 41
Hephthalite Empire | 420 | 567 | 147
Hittite Empire | 1460 BC | 1180 BC | 280
Holy Roman Empire | 962 | 1806 | 844
Hospitaller colonial empire | 1651 | 1665 | 14
Hotak Dynasty | 1709 | 1738 | 29
Hoysala Empire | 1026 | 1343 | 317
Hunnic Empire | 370 | 469 | 99
Husainid Dynasty | 1705 | 1957 | 252
Idrisid dynasty | 788 | 974 | 186
Iberian Union | 1580 | 1640 | 60
Ilkhanate | 1256 | 1335 | 79
Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy) | 1047 BC | 930 BC | 117
Kingdom of Judah (united monarchy) | 1050 BC | 586 BC | 464
Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyo) | 1438 | 1572 | 134
Indian Empire | 1858 | 1947 | 89
Italian Empire | 1882 | 1922 | 65
Japanese Empire | 1868 | 1947 | 79
Jin dynasty (266–420) | 266 | 420 | 154
Jin dynasty (1115–1234) | 1115 | 1234 | 119
Johor Empire | 1528 | 1855 | 327
Jolof Empire | 1350 | 1549 | 199
Joseon | 1392 | 1897 | 505
Kaabu Empire | 1537 | 1867 | 330
Kachari kingdom[4] | 835  | 1832  | 997
Kanem Empire | 700 | 1380 | 680
Kalmar Union | 1397 | 1523 | 126
Kadamba dynasty | 345  | 540  | 195
Kanva dynasty | 75 BC | 30 BC | 45
Kara-Khanid Khanate | 840 | 1212 | 372
Kazakh Khanate | 1465 | 1847 | 382
Khazar Khaganate | 700 | 1000 | 300
Khmer Empire | 802 | 1431 | 629
Khilji Dynasty | 1290 | 1320 | 30
Khwarazmian Empire | 1077 | 1231 | 154
Kievan Rus' | 882 | 1242 | 360
Kingdom of France (in its time of nominally presiding over the Angevin Empire and later claiming various English possessions) | 1154 | 1558 | 403
Kingdom of Georgia | 1008  | 1490  | 482
Konbaung Dynasty | 1752 | 1885 | 133
Kong Empire | 1710 | 1898 | 188
Korean Empire | 1897 | 1910 | 13
Kushan Empire | 30 | 345 | 315
Kingdom of Kush | 780 BC | 350 | 1129
Kyrgyz Khaganate | 539 | 1207 | 668
Latin Empire | 1204 | 1261 | 57
Later Lê dynasty | 1428 | 1789 | 361
Liao dynasty | 915 | 1125 | 210
Lodi Sultanate | 1451 | 1526 | 75
Lavo Kingdom | 468 | 1388 | 920
Macedonian Empire | 334 BC | 323 BC | 11
Madurai Nayak dynasty | 1529  | 1736  | 207
Magadha Empire | 544 BC | 28 BC | 515
Majapahit Empire | 1293 | 1527 | 234
Mali Empire | 1235 | 1610 | 375
Malacca Empire | 1400 | 1511 | 111
Mamluk Sultanate | 1250 | 1517 | 267
Maratha Empire | 1674 | 1818 | 144
Marhasi | 2550 BC | 1900 BC | 650
Marinid dynasty | 1244 | 1465 | 221
Massina Empire | 1820 | 1862 | 42
Mataram Sultanate | 1587  | 1755  | 168
Mauretania | 225 BC | 44 | 269
Mauryan Empire | 321 BC | 185 BC | 136
Median Empire | 678 BC | 550 BC | 128
Mlechchha dynasty | 650 | 900 | 250
First Mexican Empire | 1821 | 1823 | 2
Second Mexican Empire | 1864 | 1867 | 3
Ming dynasty | 1368 | 1644 | 276
Kingdom of Mitanni | 1500 BC | 1300 BC | 200
Mongol Empire | 1206 | 1368 | 162
Muhammad Ali Dynasty | 1805 | 1953 | 148
Mughal Empire | 1526 | 1858 | 332
Nanda Empire | 345 BC | 322 BC | 23
Neo-Sumerian Empire | 2112 BC | 2004 BC | 108
Nguyễn dynasty | 1802 | 1945 | 143
North Sea Empire | 1013 | 1042 | 29
Empire of Nicaea | 1204 | 1261 | 57
Northern Yuan dynasty | 1368 | 1691 | 323
Numidia | 202 BC | 40 BC | 162
Odrysian kingdom | 480 BC | 30 BC | 450
Omani Empire | 1696 | 1856 | 158
Ostrogothic Kingdom | 469 | 553 | 84
Ottoman Empire | 1299 | 1923 | 624
Oyo Empire | 1300 | 1905 | 605
Pagan Kingdom | 849 | 1297 | 448
Pahlavi Iran | 1925 | 1979 | 54
Pala Empire | 750 | 1174 | 424
Palmyrene Empire | 270 | 273 | 3
Pandyan dynasty | 300 BC | 1759[5] | 2059
Parthian Empire | 247 BC | 224 | 471
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | 1569 | 1795 | 226
Kingdom of Pontus | 120 BC | 47 BC | 73
Portuguese Empire | 1415 | 1999 | 584
Ptolemaic Empire | 305 BC | 30 BC | 275
Purépecha Empire | 1300  | 1530[6] | 230
Qajar Iran | 1789 | 1925 | 136
Qara Qoyunlu | 1374 | 1468 | 94
Qara Khitai | 1124 | 1218 | 94
Qin dynasty | 221 BC | 206 BC | 15
Qing dynasty | 1636 | 1912 | 276
Rashidun Caliphate | 632 | 661 | 29
Rashtrakuta dynasty | 753 | 982 | 229
Roman Republic | 509 BC | 27 BC | 582
Roman Empire | 27 BC | 395 | 422
Rouran Khaganate | 330 | 555 | 225
Rozvi Empire | 1660 | 1866 | 206
Rustamid dynasty | 777 | 909 | 132
Russian Empire | 1721 | 1917 | 196
Tsardom of Russia | 1547 | 1721 | 174
Saadi dynasty | 1554 | 1659 | 105
Safavid Iran | 1501 | 1736 | 235
Saffarid dynasty | 867 | 1002 | 135
Samo’s Empire | 631 | 658 | 27
Sassanian Empire | 224 | 651 | 427
Satavahana dynasty | 230 BC | 220 | 450
Samanid Empire | 819 | 999 | 180
Seleucid Empire | 312 BC | 63 BC | 249
Seljuk Empire | 1037 | 1194 | 157
Sultanate of Rum | 1077  | 1308  | 231
Serbian Empire | 1346 | 1371 | 25
Shah Mir Dynasty | 1339 | 1561 | 222
Shu Han | 221 | 263 | 42
Shang dynasty | 1600 BC | 1046 BC | 554
Siam Empire | 1782 | 1932 | 150
Sikh Empire | 1799 | 1849 | 50
Singhasari | 1222  | 1292  | 70
Sokoto Caliphate | 1804 | 1903 | 99
Song dynasty | 960 | 1279 | 319
Songhai Empire | 1430 | 1591 | 161
Spanish Empire | 1492 | 1976 | 496
Spartan Empire | 900 BC | 192 BC | 708
Srivijaya Empire | 671 | 1026 | 355
Sui dynasty | 581 | 618 | 37
Shunga Empire | 185 BC | 73 BC | 112
Sur Empire | 1538/1540 | 1556 | 16/18
Swedish Empire | 1611 | 1809 | 198
Sweden-Norway | 1814 | 1905 | 91
Sukhothai Kingdom | 1238 | 1438 | 200
Tahirid dynasty | 821 | 873 | 52
Tang dynasty | 618 | 907 | 274
Tây Sơn dynasty | 1789 | 1802 | 13
Sultanate of Ternate | 1258 | 1914 | 656
Empire of Thessalonica | 1224 | 1242 | 18
Thonburi Kingdom | 1767 | 1782 | 15
Tibet | 1912  | 1951  | 39 (Tibetans historically saw the Dalai Lama as a figure of religious reverence who united them to help compete against various other empires and bridged religious and regional cultural differences)[7]
Tibetan Empire | 755 | 842 | 87
Tikal | 90  | 869  | 779
Timurid Empire | 1370 | 1507 | 137
Kingdom of Tlemcen | 1235 | 1556 | 321
Empire of Trebizond | 1204 | 1461 | 257
Tokugawa shogunate | 1603 | 1868 | 264
Toltec Empire (disputed existence) | 496 | 1122 | 626
Toucouleur Empire | 1852 | 1893 | 41
Toungoo dynasty | 1510 | 1752 | 242
Tui Manu’a | Unknown | 1909 | Unknown
Tuʻi Tonga Empire | 950 | 1865 | 915
Turgesh Khaganate | 699 | 766 | 67
Umayyad Caliphate | 661 | 750 | 89
United States of America (before independence of the Philippines) | 1776 | 1946 | 170
Uyghur Khaganate | 744 | 840 | 96
Uzbek Khanate | 1428 | 1471 | 43
Vandal Kingdom | 435 | 534 | 99
Varman dynasty | 350  | 655  | 305
Venetian Republic | 697 | 1797 | 1100
Empire of Vietnam | March 1945 | August 1945 | 0 (5 Months)
Vijayanagara Empire | 1336 | 1646 | 310
Visigothic Kingdom | 418 | 720 | 302
Wari Empire (debated) | 600 | 1100 | 500
Wassoulou Empire | 1878 | 1898 | 20
Wattasid dynasty | 1472 | 1554 | 82
Western Chalukya Empire | 975 | 1184 | 209
Western Roman Empire | 395 | 480 | 85
Xia dynasty | 2070 BC | 1600 BC | 470
Western Xia | 1038 | 1227 | 189
Xin dynasty | 9 | 23 | 14
Xiongnu Empire | 209 BC  | 47 AD  | 256 (Kenneth W. Hart believes the Xiongnu when united before 47 AD counted as an empire)[8]
Yuan dynasty | 1271 | 1368 | 97
Zand dynasty | 1751 | 1794 | 43
Zhou dynasty | 1046 BC | 256 BC | 790
Wu Zhou | 690 | 705 | 15
Zirid dynasty | 972 | 1148 | 176
Zulu Empire | 1816 | 1897 | 81

## See also[edit]

* List of former sovereign states
* List of former monarchies
* List of medieval great powers
* Middle Eastern empires
* Political history of the world

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Aliraqi - Babylonian Empire". Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
2. ^ "Babylonian Empire - Livius".
3. ^ "The Old Kingdom".
4. ^ "Kingdoms of South Asia - Indian Kingdoms of Assam".
5. ^ Sethuraman, N. (1993). The Later Pandyas (1371–1759 AD). Tiruchirapalli: The Epigraphical Society of India.
6. ^ Relación de Michoacán, complete text (in Spanish)
7. ^ "Tibet profile". BBC News. 25 August 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
8. ^ Harl, Kenneth W. (2023). Empires of the Steppes: A History of the Nomadic Tribes Who Shaped Civilization. United States: Hanover Square Press. pp. 93, 95, 97, 98–99, 102. ISBN 978-1-335-42927-8.

## External links[edit]

* Pella, John & Erik Ringmar, History of International Relations Open Textbook Project, Cambridge: Open Book, forthcoming.

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Empires

Ancient
(Colonies)|

* Akkadian
* Neo-Sumerian
* Assyrian
* Middle Assyrian
* Neo-Assyrian
* Babylonian
* Old Babylonian
* Kassite
* Neo-Babylonian
* Chinese
* Qin
* Han
* Jin
* Dʿmt
* Egyptian
* Old Kingdom
* Middle Kingdom
* New Kingdom
* Goguryeo
* Harsha
* Hellenistic
* Macedonian
* Seleucid
* Ptolemaic
* Bactrian
* Indo-Greek
* Hittite
* Hunnic
* White
* Xiongnu
* Iranian
* Median
* Achaemenid
* Parthian
* Sasanian
* Kush
* Kushan
* Magadha
* Haryanka
* Shaishunaga
* Nanda
* Maurya
* Shunga
* Gupta
* Phoenician
* Carthaginian
* Roman
* Western
* Eastern
* Satavahana
* Xianbei
* Nirun

Post-classical|

* Aragonese
* Angevin
* Ayyubid
* Aztec
* Benin
* Bornu
* Bruneian
* Bulgarian
* First
* Second
* Burmese
* First
* Calakmul
* Caliphate
* Rashidun
* Umayyad
* Abbasid
* Fatimid
* Chalukya
* Western
* Eastern
* Chinese
* Sui
* Tang
* Liao
* Song
* Jīn
* Yuan
* Chola
* Ethiopian
* Aksum
* Zagwe
* Solomonic
* Genoese
* Georgian
* Huetar
* Inca
* Kannauj
* Pala
* Gurjara-Pratihara
* Rashtrakuta
* Iranian
* Tahirid
* Saffarid
* Samanid
* Buyid
* Japanese
* Yamato
* Kamakura
* Muromachi
* Edo
* Kanem
* Khmer
* Latin
* Majapahit
* Mali
* Mongol
* Yuan
* Golden Horde
* Chagatai Khanate
* Ilkhanate
* Moroccan
* Idrisid
* Almoravid
* Almohad
* North Sea
* Oyo
* Hellenic Roman
* Byzantine
* Nicaea
* Thessalonica
* Trebizond
* Epirus
* Morea
* Romano-Germanic
* Carolingian
* Holy Roman
* Serbian
* Singhasari
* Songhai
* Srivijaya
* Tibetan
* Tikal
* Tiwanaku
* Toltec
* Turco-Persian
* Ghaznavid
* Great Seljuk
* Khwarezmian
* Timurid
* Turkic
* First
* Western
* Eastern
* Second
* Venetian
* Vietnamese
* Dinh
* Early Le
* Ly
* Tran
* Ho
* Later Tran
* Later Le
* Vijayanagara
* Wagadou
* Wari

Modern|

* Afghan
* Ashanti
* Austrian
* Austro-Hungarian
* Brazilian
* Burmese
* Second
* Third
* Central African
* Chinese
* Ming
* Qing
* China
* Manchukuo
* Contemporary
* Ethiopian
* Haitian
* First
* Second
* French
* First
* Second
* German
* German Empire
* Nazi Germany
* Indian
* Indo-Persian
* Mughal
* Sikh
* Iranian
* Safavid
* Afsharid
* Zand
* Qajar
* Pahlavi
* Japanese
* Korean
* Maratha
* Mexican
* First
* Second
* Mongol
* Oirat
* Khoshut
* Dzungar
* Kalmyk
* Bogd
* Moroccan
* Saadi
* 'Alawi
* Ottoman
* Russian
* Tsarist
* Imperial
* Contemporary
* Sokoto
* Tongan
* Vietnamese
* Mac
* Revival Le
* Tay son
* Dainam
* Vietnam

| Colonial|

* American
* Belgian
* British
* English
* Scottish
* Chinese
* Danish
* Dutch
* French
* German
* Italian
* Japanese
* Mongol
* Omani
* Polish–Lithuanian
* Couronian
* Portuguese
* Russian
* Spanish
* Swedish

|

Lists|

* Empires
* largest
* Ancient great powers
* Medieval great powers
* Modern great powers
* European colonialism
* African empires

Miscellaneous|

* "Empire" as a description of foreign policy
* American Empire
* Soviet empire

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