List of ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2023)

|

Cadets of the Kachin Independence Army (KIA) preparing for military drills at the group's headquarters in Laiza, Kachin State.

The following is a list of non-state armed groups involved in the internal conflict in Myanmar, officially called ethnic armed organisations (EAOs) by the government of Myanmar.[1]

## Terminology

[edit]

The term "ethnic armed organisation" (Burmese: တိုင်းရင်းသား လက်နက်ကိုင် အဖွဲ့အစည်း) emerged in Myanmar during the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement negotiations from 2013 to 2015.[2] Various other terms, including "ethnic organisation", "ethnic resistance force", and "ethnic rebel group" have also been used to describe ethnic armed organisations. These organisations typically:

* claim to represent an ethnic identity[2]
* aim to garner mutual recognition from other ethnic armed organisations through alliances and coalitions[2]
* have an armed wing, and often a separate political wing[2]

## Active

[edit]

Name  | Abbreviation  | Founded  | Strength  | Headquarters  | Location  | Affiliations  | Notes

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Arakan Army | AA  | 2009  |  15000+(claimed in May 2024)[3]

15,000+ in Chin and Rakhine State, around 1,500 in Kachin and Shan State (estimated in February 2024)[4]

| Laiza |

* Chin State[5]
* Kachin State
* Rakhine State
* Shan State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border
* India–Myanmar border

* Armed wing of the United League of Arakan
* Part of the Three Brotherhood Alliance
* Part of the Northern Alliance
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

Arakan Army (Kayin State) | AA (Kayin)  | 2010  |  350 (2024)[6] | Mobile headquarters | Kayin State |

* Armed wing of the Arakan National Council
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council

All Burma Students' Democratic Front | ABSDF  | 1988  |  600 (2016)[7] | Manerplaw (until 1995)[8] |

* Myanmar–Thailand border
* India–Myanmar border
* China–Myanmar border

|  | Joined the CRPH / NUG after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état[9]
Arakan Liberation Army | ALA  | 1968  |  100 (2024)[10] | Sittwe |

* Kayin State
* Rakhine State

| Armed wing of the Arakan Liberation Party |

* Close allies with the Karen National Union
* Joined the CRPH / NUG after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état
* Several factions are allied to the Tatmawdaw[11]

Arakan Rohingya Army | ARA  | 2020  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |

* Rakhine State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border

|  |
Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army | ARSA  | 2013  |  ~200 (2018)[12][13] | Mobile headquarters |

* Rakhine State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border

|  |

* Previously known as Harakah al-Yaqin
* Accused of being allied to the Tatmadaw[14]

Bamar People's Liberation Army | BPLA  | 2021  |  1,000+[15] | Mobile headquarters | Eastern Myanmar  |  | Co-founded by activist Maung Saungkha
Chin National Army | CNA  | 1988  |  1,500+ (2024)[16] | Camp Victoria[17] | Chin State |

* Armed wing of the Chin National Front
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]

| Joined the CRPH / NUG after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état[19]
Chin National Defence Force | CNDF  | 2021  |  Unknown  | Falam | Chin State | Armed wing of the Chin National Organisation[20] |
Chinland Defense Force | CDF  | 2021  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |

* Chin State
* Magway Region
* Sagaing Region
* India–Myanmar border

|  |
Democratic Karen Buddhist Army – Brigade 5 | DKBA-5  | 2010  |  2,000+ (2024)[10][21][22] | Sonesee Myaing  |

* Myawaddy Township
* Kayin State

| Armed wing of the Klohtoobaw Karen Organization[10] |

* Also known as the Democratic Karen Benevolent Army
* Split from the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army in 2010
* Joined peace talks with Tatmadaw, leading the Kaw Thoo Lei Army to further split from the DKBA-5 in April 2022 to fight the Tatmadaw[10]

Kachin Defense Army | KDA  | 1991  |  2,850 (2020)[23] | Kawnghka | Shan State |  |

* Originated as the Kachin Independence Army's 4th brigade
* Reorganised into a pro-Tatmadaw militia in 2010[24]

Kachin Independence Army | KIA  | 1961  |  20,000 (2018)[25] |

* Laiza
* Pajau (until 2005)

| Kachin State, northern Shan State |

* Armed wing of the Kachin Independence Organisation
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]
* Part of the Northern Alliance
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

| Holds and governs territory in Kachin State[26]
Kamtapur Liberation Organisation | KLO  | 1995  |  Unknown  | Taga, Sagaing (until 2019)[27] |

* Sagaing Region
* India-Myanmar border

| Part of the UNLFW | Based in India and operates in Assam and West Bengal
Karen National Army | KNA  | 2024  |  7,000+[28] | Shwe Kokko[29] | Kayin State |  |

* Formerly the Karen Border Guard Force
* Made up of former soldiers from the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army and Karen Peace Force[29]
* Allied to the junta[30]

Karen National Defence Organisation | KNDO  | 1947  |  Unknown  |

* Lay Wah
* Manerplaw (until 1995)[8]

* Kayah State
* Kayin State

| Affiliate of the Karen National Union |

* Signed ceasefires with the government in 2012 and 2015[31]
* Broke its commitment to the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement in response to the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état

Karen National Liberation Army | KNLA  | 1949  |  15,000 (2021)[32] |

* Lay Wah
* Manerplaw (until 1995)[8]

* Kayah State
* Kayin State
* Tanintharyi Region

* Armed wing of the Karen National Union
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]

| Broke its commitment to the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement in response to the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état
Karenni Army | KA  | 1949  |  1,500 (2012)[33] | Nya Moe[34] | Kayah State |

* Armed wing of the Karenni National Progressive Party
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]

* Signed ceasefires with the government in 2005 and 2012
* Resumed hostilities in response to the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état

Karenni National People's Liberation Front | KNPLF  | 1978  |  2,000[35] | Pankan  | Kayah State |  |

* Split from the Karenni Army
* Signed ceasefire in 1989 and transformed into a BGF in 2009
* Defected to anti-junta forces in June 2023

Karenni Nationalities Defence Force | KNDF  | 2021  |  7,000+[36] | Mobile headquarters |

* Kayah State
* Shan State
* Kayin State
* Myanmar–Thailand border

|  |
Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup | KYKL  | 1994  |  Unknown  | Mobile Headquarters | Sagaing Region | Part of CorCom  |

* Based in India and operates in Manipur
* Has bases in and trained in Myanmar[37]
* Unofficially allied with the Tatmadaw[38]

Kangleipak Communist Party | KCP  | 1980  |  ~112 (2012)[39] | Mobile Headquarters | Sagaing Region | Part of CorCom  |

* Based in India and operates in Manipur
* Has bases in and trained in Myanmar
* Unofficially allied with the Tatmadaw[38]

Kayan New Land Army | KNLP/A  | 1964  |  200–300  | Pekon |

* Kayah State
* Southern Shan State

| Armed wing of the Kayan New Land Party |

* Signed a ceasefire agreement with the Tatmadaw in 1994
* Despite aiding resistance groups, the KNLP/A is allied to the Tatmadaw

Kawthoolei Army | KTLA  | 2022  |  Unknown  |  | Kayin State |  | Broke away from the Karen National Union July 2022[40]
KNU/KNLA Peace Council | KPC  | 2007  |  500+ (2024)[10][41] | To-kawko | Kayin State | Not affiliated with the KNU or KNLA, despite its name  |
Kuki National Army | KNA(B)  | 1988  |  200+ (2016)[42] | Mobile headquarters |

* Chin State
* Sagaing Region

| Armed wing of the Kuki National Organisation | Based in India and operates in Manipur
Kuki-Chin National Army | KCNA  | 2017  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |

* Chin State
* Rakhine State[43]

| Armed wing of the Kuki-Chin National Front |

* Active in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh
* Headquartered and trained in Myanmar[43]

Lahu Democratic Union | LDU  | 1973[44] |  1,500 (2024)[10] | Loi Lan[10] | Shan State |  |

* Signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) in 2018, along with the Mon National Liberation Army[45][46][47]
* Anti-NCA faction joined the CRPH / NUG after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état

Mon National Liberation Army | MNLA  | 1958  |  1,000+ (2024)[10][48] | Ye Chaung Phya  |

* Mon State
* Tanintharyi Region
* Kayin State

| Armed wing of the New Mon State Party | Signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement in 2018, along with the Lahu Democratic Union[45][46][47]
Mon National Liberation Army (Anti-Military Dictatorship) | MNLA-AMD  | 2024  |  300[10] | Unknown  | Mon State | Armed wing of the New Mon State Party (Anti-Military Dictatorship) |

* Split from MNLA on 14 February 2024
* Joined anti-junta forces after leaving the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement

Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army | MNDAA  | 1989  |  6,000[49] | Mobile headquarters | Shan State (Kokang)  |

* Armed wing of the Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party [zh]
* Part of the Three Brotherhood Alliance
* Part of the Northern Alliance
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

* Split from the Communist Party of Burma after its dissolution
* Governs the Kokang Self-Administered Zone and Shan State Special Region 1

Burma National Revolutionary Army | MRDA  | 2022  |  1,000+[50] | Pale | Sagaing Region |  | Formerly known as the Myanmar Royal Dragon Army
National Democratic Alliance Army | NDAA  | 1989  |  3,000[51]–4,000[21] (2016)  | Mong La | Shan State |

* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

| Split from the Communist Party of Burma after its dissolution
National Liberation Army | NLA  | 2023  |  Unknown  | Tamu Township | Sagaing Region (Tamu Township)  |  | Formerly the PDF Tamu Battalion 3
National Socialist Council of Nagaland |

* NSCN-K
* NSCN-K-AM
* NSCN-K-YA
* NSCN-IM

| 1980  |  <500 (2016)[52] |

* Taga, Sagaing (Myanmar) (until 2019)[27]
* Camp Hebron, Peren District, Nagaland (India)

* Sagaing Region (Naga Self-Administered Zone)
* India–Myanmar border

| Part of the UNLFW |

* Based in India and operates primarily in Northeast India
* Signed a ceasefire agreement with India in 2001[53] and Myanmar in 2012[54]
* Consists of several factions

New Democratic Army – Kachin |

* NDA-K
* KBGF

| 1989  |  700 (peak)[55] | Pangwa  | Kachin State |  | Signed a ceasefire agreement with the government in 1989 and transformed into a Border Guard Forces in 2009
Pa-O National Army | PNA  | 1949  |  4,000 (2023)[56] | Taunggyi | Shan State | Armed wing of the Pa-O National Organisation |

* Governs the Pa-O Self-Administered Zone
* Signed a ceasefire with the government in 1991 and disbanded in 2009
* Reestablished after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état

Pa-O National Liberation Army | PNLA  | 2009  |  1,000+ (2024)[10][21][57] | Camp Laybwer  |

* Shan State
* Myanmar–Thailand border

| Armed wing of the Pa-O National Liberation Organisation | Split into a pro-peace talk and anti-junta faction in January 2024[10]
People's Defence Force | PDF  | 2021  |  100,000 (2024 est.)[58] |  |  | Armed wing of the National Unity Government (NUG)  |

* Formed in May 2021 after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état
* Consists of several local resistance groups and other newly-formed anti-junta ethnic militias, such as the Karenni People's Defence Force and the Chinland Defence Force

People's Defence Force (Kalay) | PDF (Kalay)  | 2021  |  Unknown  | Kalay | Sagaing Region | Part of the People's Defence Force |
People's Liberation Army | PLA  | 2021  |  Unknown  |  |  | Armed wing of the Communist Party of Burma | The Communist Party of Burma rearmed itself and announced the creation of its new armed wing, the People's Liberation Army, in late 2021.[59][60]
People's Liberation Army of Manipur | PLAM  | 1978  |  3,800 (2008)  | Manipur |

* Sagaing Region
* Chin State[61]

| Part of CorCom  |

* Based in India and operates in Manipur
* Unoffically allied with the Tatmadaw[62]

People's Revolution Alliance (Magway) | PRA (Magway)  | 2021  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |

* Magway Region
* India–Myanmar border

|  |
People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak | PREPAK  | 1977  |  ~200 (2012)[63] | Mobile headquarters | Sagaing Region | Part of CorCom  |

* Based in India and operates in Manipur
* Has bases in and trained in Myanmar
* Unofficially allied with the Tatmadaw[38]

Rohingya Solidarity Organisation | RSO  | 1982[64] |  Unknown  |  |

* Rakhine State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border

|  |

* Mainly active in the 1990s, militarily defunct by 1998
* Alleged by the Tatmadaw to have had connections with the Taliban and Al-Qaeda in the early 2000s
* Reestablished after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état
* Accused of being allied to the Tatmadaw[65]

Shanni Nationalities Army | SNA  | 2016  |  1,000+ (2019)[66] | Mobile headquarters | Kachin State |  | Allies with the Shan State Army (RCSS) and the Tatmadaw
Shan State Army (SSPP)[a] | SSPP/SSA  | 1971  |  10,000 (2023)[67] | Wan Hai  | Shan State |

* Armed wing of the Shan State Progress Party
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

| Signed ceasefire with Tatmadaw
Shan State Army (RCSS)[a] | RCSS/SSA  | 1996  |  8,000 (2024)[10] | Loi Tai Leng |

* Shan State
* Myanmar–Thailand border

* Armed wing of the Restoration Council of Shan State
* Part of the Shan State Congress

| Split from the Mong Tai Army in 1995
Wuyang People's Militia | LEM/LNDP  | 2013  |  100 (2022)[68] | Myitkyina | Kachin State | Armed wing of the Lisu National Development Party |

* Allied with the Tatmadaw
* "People's Militia" created by the LNDP
* Militia leader U Shwe Min was killed 7 March, 2024

Student Armed Force | SAF  | 2021  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |  |
Ta'ang National Liberation Army | TNLA  | 1992  |  8,000-10,000 (2024)[49] | Mobile headquarters | Shan State |

* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]
* Part of the Three Brotherhood Alliance
* Part of the Northern Alliance
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

| Governs the Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone
United Liberation Front of Asom-Independent | ULFA-I  | 1979  |  200 (2024)  | Taga, Sagaing (until 2019)[27] |

* Sagaing Region
* India-Myanmar border
* China-Myanmar border

| Part of the UNLFW |

* Based in India and operates in Assam
* Pro-truce faction disbanded in 2023 after signing a peace agreement with the Indian government

United National Liberation Front | UNLF  | 1964  |  2,000  | Manipur |

* Chin State[69]
* Sagaing Region[70]
* India–Myanmar border

| Part of CorCom  |

* Based in India and operated in Manipur
* Signed ceasefire agreement with the Indian government in 2023

United Wa State Army | UWSA  | 1989  |  25,000 (2015)[71] | Pangkham | Shan State |

* Armed wing of the United Wa State Party
* Part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee

| Governs the Wa Self-Administered Division (Wa State)[72]
Wa National Army | WNA  | 1969  |  200 (1998)[73] | Homein | Shan State |

* Armed wing of the Wa National Organisation
* Part of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)[18]

| Signed a peace agreement with the government in August 1997
Zomi Revolutionary Army | ZRA-EC  | 1997  |  3,000 (2016)[21] | Churachandpur |

* Chin State
* India–Myanmar border

| Armed wing of the Zomi Revolutionary Organisation  |

* Based in India and operates in Manipur and Mizoram
* Signed a ceasefire with India in 2005
* Accused of being allied with the Tatmadaw[74]

## Defunct

[edit]

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (November 2015)

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Name  | Abbreviation  | Founded  | Disbanded  | Strength  | Headquarters  | Location  | Affiliations  | Notes

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Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front | ARIF  | 1986[75] | 1998  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters |

* Rakhine State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border

|  |
National Democratic Front of Boroland | NDFB  | 1986  | 2020  |  3,000+  | Taga, Sagaing (until 2019)[27] |

* Sagaing Region
* India–Myanmar border

| Part of the UNLFW |

* Based in India and operated in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh
* After splitting into several factions, disbanded in 2020 after signing a peace agreement with the Indian government

Communist Party of Arakan | CPA  | 1962  | 2004  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters | Rakhine State |  | Split from the Red Flag Communist Party
Communist Party of Burma | CPB  | 1939  | 1989  |  6,000[76] | Pangkham (until 1989)  | Shan State |  | Armed wing dissolved in 1989
Democratic Karen Buddhist Army | DKBA  | 1994  | 2010  |  <5,000[21] | Mobile headquarters | Kayin State |  |

* Signed a ceasefire agreement shortly after its formation in 1994 and disbanded in 2010
* Split from the Karen National Union

God's Army |  | 1997  | 2006  |  500[77] | Mobile headquarters | Myanmar–Thailand border |  | Surrendered to government forces in 2006
Mongko Region Defence Army | MRDA  | 1995[78][79] | 2000  |  Unknown  | Mongko |

* Shan State
* China–Myanmar border

|  | Split from the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
Mong Tai Army | MTA  | 1985  | 1996  |  20,000  | Homein |

* Shan State
* Myanmar–Thailand border

|  | Surrendered to the government in 1996
Monland Restoration Army | MRA  | 2001  | 2012  |  100–300[80][81] | Sangkhlaburi |

* Mon State
* Tanintharyi Region

| Armed wing of the Hongsawatoi Restoration Party  | Surrendered to government forces in 2012
Mujahideen | None | 1947  | 1954  |  2,000  | Mayu | Rakhine State |  | Majority of fighters surrendered to the government in the late 1950s and early 1960s
Red Flag Communist Party | RFCP  | 1948  | 1978  |  500[82] | Mobile headquarters | Shan State |  | Split from the Communist Party of Burma
Rohingya Liberation Party | RLP  | 1972  | 1974  |  800–2,500[83][better source needed] | Mobile headquarters | Rakhine State |  | Insurgents fled across the border into Bangladesh after a massive military operation by the government in July 1974
Rohingya National Army | RNA  | 1998  | 2001  |  Unknown  | Cox's Bazar |

* Rakhine State
* Bangladesh–Myanmar border

| Armed wing of the Arakan Rohingya National Organisation (ARNO)  |
Rohingya Patriotic Front | RPF  | 1974  | 1980s  |  70[83] | Mobile headquarters | Rakhine State |  |
Shan State Army | SSA  | 1964  | 1976  |  1,500  | Mobile headquarters | Shan State |  |

* Formed the basis for the Shan State Army – North and Shan State Army – South
* Also fought other insurgent groups such as the Communist Party of Burma

Shan State National Army | SSNA  | 1995  | 2005  |  8,000 (peak)[84] | Hsipaw | Shan State |  | Merged with the Shan State Army – South in 2005
Shan United Revolutionary Army | SURA  | 1960  | 1996  |  Unknown  | Homein |

* Shan State
* Myanmar–Thailand border

|  |

* Majority of its members surrendered to the government in 1996
* 800 insurgents under the command of Yawd Serk would go on to form the Shan State Army – South

Vigorous Burmese Student Warriors | VBSW  | 1999  | 2013  |  Unknown  | Mobile headquarters | Myanmar–Thailand border |  |

* No insurgent or terror activity has been attributed to the VBSW since 2013[85]
* Gained notoriety in the October 1999 siege of the Burmese consulate in Bangkok, Thailand

## Coalitions

[edit]

Name  | Abbreviation  | Founded  | Headquarters  | Members  | Notes

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Federal Union Army | FUA  | 2011  | Chiang Mai |

* Arakan Army
* Karenni Army
* Lahu Democratic Union
* New Mon State Party
* Shan State Army (SSPP)

| Armed wing of the United Nationalities Federal Council[86]
Northern Alliance | NA-B  | 2016  | Laiza |

* Arakan Army
* Kachin Independence Army
* Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
* Ta'ang National Liberation Army

| All four members of the Northern Alliance are also members of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee.
Three Brotherhood Alliance | 3BA  | 2019  |  |

* Arakan Army
* Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
* Ta'ang National Liberation Army

Chinland Council | CC  | 2023  | Camp Victoria[citation needed] |

* Chin National Army
* Chinland Defense Force-Hakha
* Chinland Defense Force-Paletwa
* Chinland Defense Force-Matupi (Brigade 2)
* Chinland Defense Force-Thantlang
* Chinland Defense Force-Mara
* Chinland Defense Force-Zanniat
* Chinland Defense Force-Zotung
* Chinland Defense Force-Zophei
* Chinland Defense Force-Lautu
* Chinland Defense Force-Senthang
* Chinland Defense Force-Tonzang
* Chinland Defense Force-Hualngoram
* Chinland Defense Force-Sizang
* Chinland Defense Force-KKG
* Chinland Defense Force-Daai
* Asho Chin-Defense Force

| Established as the army and governing body of the State of Chinland
Chin Brotherhood Alliance | CBA  | 2023  |  |

* Chin National Defence Force
* Chinland Defense Force-Kanpetlet
* Chinland Defense Force-Matupi (Brigade 1)
* Chinland Defense Force-Mindat
* Maraland Defence Force
* Zoland Defence Force

| Political and military alliance of several Chin resistance groups created out of protest against the establishment of the State of Chinland[87]
United National Liberation Front of Western South East Asia | UNLFW  | 2015  | Taga, Sagaing (until 2019)[27] |

* United Liberation Front of Asom-Independent
* National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Khaplang
* Kamtapur Liberation Organisation
* National Democratic Front of Boroland

| Alliance of several Northeast India separatist groups active in Myanmar
Coordination Committee | CorCom  | 2011  |  |

* Kangleipak Communist Party
* Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup
* People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak
* People's Liberation Army of Manipur
* United National Liberation Front

| Alliance of several majority-Meitei separatist groups active in Northeast India with bases in Myanmar
4K Coalition |  | 2023  |  |

* Karen National Liberation Army
* Karenni Army
* Karenni National People's Liberation Front
* Karenni Nationalities Defence Force

| Alliance of ethnic Karen and Karenni rebel organisations
7 EAO Alliance |  | 2024  |  |

* Restoration Council of Shan State
* New Mon State Party
* Arakan Liberation Party
* Pa-O National Liberation Organisation
* Lahu Democratic Union
* Democratic Karen Benevolent Army
* KNU/KNLA Peace Council

| Alliance of signatories of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA)[88][89][90][91]

## See also

[edit]

* Combatants of the internal conflict in Myanmar
* List of political and military organisations in Myanmar

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b Both the Shan State Progress Party and the Restoration Council of Shan State use "Shan State Army" as the name of their armed forces, so they're either distinguished by using the political organisation or adding North/South at the end

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Ethnic armed organisations' conference commences". President's Office of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
2. ^ a b c d Amara Thiha. "It's Time To Rethink Myanmar's Ethnic Armed Organizations". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
3. ^ "The Arakan Army responds to Rohingya abuse accusations in Myanmar". Ali M. Latifi. 29 May 2024.
4. ^ Davis, Anthony (1 February 2024). "Myanmar junta in a make-or-break Rakhine fight". Asia Times. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
5. ^ "Internet Blackout Imposed on Myanmar's Restive Rakhine State". Agence France-Presse via Voice of America. 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
6. ^ "AA (Karen Region)". Archived from the original on 7 January 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
7. ^ "All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
8. ^ a b c "The Politics of Pressure: The 1990s and the Fall of Manerplaw". www.ibiblio.org. The Museum of Karen History and Culture. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
9. ^ "All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) has entered a war with Myanmar's junta military". The Chindwin. 16 January 2022.
10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Rocky Start for New Bloc of Myanmar EAOs Formed to Join Junta Peace Talks". The Irrawaddy. 12 April 2024.
11. ^ "Arakan Liberation Party officer shot dead in Rakhine State capital". Myanmar Now. 18 September 2023.
12. ^ Olarn, Kocha; Griffiths, James (11 January 2018). "Myanmar military admits role in killing Rohingya found in mass grave". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
13. ^ "'Beyond comprehension': Myanmar admits killing Rohingya". www.aljazeera.com. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
14. ^ "Myanmar's Junta Plays Both Rakhine and Rohingya for Fools". The Irrawaddy. 26 March 2024.
15. ^ "တရုတ်နယ်စပ်က ရိုင်ဖယ်များနှင့် အားမာန်ပြည့်လာသည့် တပ်ဖွဲ့သစ်များ" [Armed groups rejuvenated by rifles from Chinese borderlands]. Irrawaddy (in Burmese). 6 June 2023.
16. ^ "Chin National Front | Myanmar Peace Monitor". 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
17. ^ Fishbein, Emily (9 January 2023). "Chin nationalism 'blossoms' on northwestern front against junta". Frontier Myanmar. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
18. ^ a b c d e f g "Peace Process Overview | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
19. ^ "Chin National Front Signs Deal with Myanmar's Shadow Govt". The Irrawaddy. 31 May 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
20. ^ Benezer, Salai. "Chin people form CNO, CNDF". BNI Multimedia Group. Burma News Internationational. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
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## External links

[edit]

* Myanmar Peace Monitor – NGO based in Chiang Mai, Thailand that monitors Myanmar's ongoing peace process.
* Pyidaungsu Institute – Political institute based in Chiang Mai, Thailand focused on achieving political stability and peace in Myanmar.

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Ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar

Active|

* AA (ULA)
* AA (ANC)
* ABSDF
* ALA (ALP)
* ARSA
* BLA
* BPLA
* CDF
* CNA (CNF)
* CNDF
* DKBA-5
* KIA (KIO)
* KNA
* KNA(B)
* KNLA (KNLP)
* KNDO / KNLA (KNU)
* KA (KNPP)
* KNPLF
* KTLA
* KPC
* LDU
* MNDAA (MNTJP [zh])
* MNLA (NMSP)
* MRDA/BNRA
* NDAA (PSC)
* NSCN-K
* PDF (NUG)
* PLA (CPB)
* PNA (PNO)
* PNLA (PNLO)
* PRA-Magway
* RSO
* SNA
* SSA-N (SSPP)
* SSA-S (RCSS)
* TNLA (PSLF)
* UWSA (UWSP)
* WNA (WNO)
* ZRA (ZRO)

Defunct|

* ARIF
* CPA
* DKBA
* God's Army
* KDA
* MTA
* MRA
* MRDA
* Mujahideen
* NDA-K
* NUPA
* RFCP
* RLP
* RPF
* RRF
* RNA
* SSA
* SSCP
* SSNA
* SURA
* VBSW

Coalitions|

* 4K Coalition
* 7 EAO Alliance
* Chin Brotherhood Alliance
* Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee
* Federal Union Army
* Northern Alliance
* Three Brotherhood Alliance
* United National Liberation Front of Western South East Asia

Armed conflicts|

* Communist (1948–1988)
* China–Myanmar border (1960–1961)
* Kachin
* Karen
* Karen–Mon
* Kokang
* 2009
* 2015
* Rohingya
* 1978
* 1991–1992
* 2016–present
* post-2021 coup

Peace process|

* Ceasefires
* Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement
* Union Peace Conference – 21st Century Panglong

* Internal conflict in Myanmar
* Tatmadaw

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Myanmar articles

Myanmar is also known as Burma

History|

* Prehistory
* Pyu city-states
* Thaton Kingdom
* Pagan Kingdom
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* Konbaung dynasty
* Shan States
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* British rule
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* 8888 Uprising
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* Art
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* Category
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