List of extraterrestrial volcanoes

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This is a list of active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes located beyond planet Earth. They may be designated mons (mountain), patera (an irregular crater) or tholus (small mountain or hill) in accordance with the International Astronomical Union's rules for planetary nomenclature. Many of them are nameless.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (June 2010)

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## Io

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See also: Volcanism on Io and List of volcanic features on Io

Animation of eruption from Tvashtar Paterae (Io), taken from imagery from the New Horizons probe in 2007 Lava flow at Tvashtar Paterae

Io, a moon of the planet Jupiter, is the most volcanically active body in the Solar System.[1] Its volcanoes are believed to eject sulfur and sulfur dioxide, as well as basaltic and ultramafic silicate lavas.[2]

## Mars

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See also: Volcanism on Mars and Category:Volcanoes of Mars

Mars has many shield volcanoes, including the largest known volcano of the Solar System, but they are all dormant if not extinct.

The most famous of these volcanoes is Olympus Mons, which is the largest known volcano in the Solar System.[3]

## Venus

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See also: Volcanism on Venus and Category:Volcanoes of Venus

On Venus, volcanic features are very numerous and quite diverse, but, like on Mars, none are known to be currently active. These volcanoes range from several to several hundred kilometers in diameter; a majority of them are shield volcanoes. In addition, Venus has unusual types of volcanoes: pancake domes and scalloped margin domes. Most small volcanoes on Venus are nameless.

## The Moon

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See also: Volcanism on the Moon, Lunar mare, and List of maria on the Moon

Due to the low viscosity of most lunar lava, volcanic mountains were seldom created. Instead, basaltic lava flooded large areas, which became lunar maria. Shield volcanoes are known from a few areas on the Moon; they are called lunar domes. Some areas of the Moon are covered with a usually dark coating, which is interpreted as pyroclastic deposits. Sometimes they form a dark halo around rilles. See also:

* Lunar dome
* Mons Rümker
* Mons Hansteen

## Mercury

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See also: Mercury (planet) § Surface geology, and Geology of Mercury

Lava-flooded craters and large expanses of smooth volcanic plains on Mercury

Many of Mercury's basins contain smooth plains, like the lunar mare, that are believed likely to be filled with lava flows. Collapse structures possibly indicative of volcanism have been found in some craters.[4] Eleven volcanic domes were identified in Mariner 10 images, including a 1.4-km high dome near the centre of Odin Planitia.[5]

## Other planets and moons

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This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2024)

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* Saturn's moon Enceladus has fissures that spew water which have been photographed erupting by NASA's Cassini–Huygens spacecraft.[6]
* Reports from NASA's Cassini–Huygens mission indicate that Saturn's moon Titan probably has volcanoes that eject water (cryovolcanoes).[7]
* Triton, a moon of the planet Neptune, has cryovolcanic geysers that are believed to eject nitrogen, dust, or methane compounds, as well as possible cryovolcanic features.[8]
* Pluto has features that may be cryovolcanoes, including Wright Mons and nearby Piccard Mons.[9]

## See also

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* Cryovolcano
* Category:Extraterrestrial mountains
* Areography
* Lists of volcanoes

## References

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1. ^ "Io: Facts". science.nasa.gov.
2. ^ Geissler, P. E.; McMillan, M. T. (2008). "Galileo observations of volcanic plumes on Io". Icarus. 197 (2): 505–18\. Bibcode:2008Icar..197..505G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2008.05.005.505-18&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.05.005&rft_id=info:bibcode/2008Icar..197..505G&rft.aulast=Geissler&rft.aufirst=P.+E.&rft.au=McMillan,+M.+T.&rft_id=https://zenodo.org/record/1259035&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+extraterrestrial+volcanoes" class="Z3988">
3. ^ "Olympus Mons Information". www.britannica.com. 1 July 2024.
4. ^ MESSENGER views an intriguing crater Archived 2013-11-20 at the Wayback Machine, NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington, 2008-01-20.
5. ^ Katterfeld, G. N. (1984). Volcanism on Mercury, Bulletin of Volcanology, Volume 47, Number 3, 531-535. doi:10.1007/BF01961224
6. ^ "Cassini at Enceladus". science.nasa.gov.
7. ^ "Evidence of Cryovolcanism on Titan". www.usgs.gov. 24 October 2018.
8. ^ Schenk, Paul; Beddingfield, Chloe; Bertrand, Tanguy; et al. (September 2021). "Triton: Topography and Geology of a Probable Ocean World with Comparison to Pluto and Charon". Remote Sensing. 13 (17): 3476. Bibcode:2021RemS...13.3476S. doi:10.3390/rs13173476.
9. ^ "At Pluto, Possible Ice Volcanoes Found". plute.jhuapl.edu. 9 November 2015.

## External links

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* Extraterrestrial Volcanoes, Volcano World
* Solar System Volcanoes, Volcano Live

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Volcano topics

Topics|

* Decade Volcanoes
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Lists|

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Mars

Outline of Mars

Geography|

| Atmosphere|

* Circulation
* Climate
* Dust devil tracks
* Methane

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Regions|

* Arabia Terra
* Cerberus (Mars)
* Cydonia
* Eridania Lake
* Iani Chaos
* Olympia Undae
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* Planum Boreum
* Quadrangles
* Sinus Meridiani
* Tempe Terra
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Physical
features|

* "Canals" (list)
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* by height
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* Gravity

Geology|

* Brain terrain
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* on Earth
* on Mars
* Mud cracks
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* Ring mold craters
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* Seasonal flows
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* "Swiss cheese" feature
* Terrain softening
* Tharsis bulge
* Volcanism
* Water
* Yardangs

History|

* Amazonian
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* Classical albedo features

Astronomy|

| Moons|

* Phobos
* Stickney crater
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* Monolith
* Deimos
* Swift crater
* Voltaire crater

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Transits|

* Solar eclipses on Mars
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* Phobos
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* Planetary transits
* Earth
* Mercury

Asteroids|

* Impacts
* Mars-crossers
* 2007 WD5
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* 5261 Eureka
* 1998 VF31
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* 2007 NS2

Comets|

* C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)

General|

* Orbit

Exploration|

| Concepts|

* Flyby
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Missions|

* List of missions to Mars

Advocacy|

* The Mars Project
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Related|

* Artificial objects on Mars
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* Darian calendar

* Category
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Venus

* Outline of Venus

Geography|

| General|

* Arachnoid
* Atmosphere
* Dune fields
* Features
* Mapping of Venus

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Regions|

| Regio|

* Alpha Regio
* Asteria Regio
* Beta Regio
* Ovda Regio

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Terrae|

* Aphrodite Terra
* Ishtar Terra
* Lada Terra

Mountains
and
volcanoes|

* Abeona Mons
* Akna Montes
* Anala Mons
* Artemis Corona
* Baʽhet Corona
* Boala Corona
* Ciuacoatl Mons
* Fand Mons
* Fotla Corona
* Gula Mons
* Heng-o Corona
* Iaso Tholus
* Idunn Mons
* Irnini Mons
* Jaszai Patera
* Maat Mons
* Maxwell Montes
* Nightingale Corona
* Onatah Corona
* Ozza Mons
* Pavlova Corona
* Quetzalpetlatl Corona
* Pancake dome
* Renpet Mons
* Sacajawea Patera
* Sachs Patera
* Sapas Mons
* Scalloped margin dome
* Siddons Patera
* Sif Mons
* Skadi Mons
* Theia Mons
* Ushas Mons
* Zisa Corona
* List of coronae on Venus

Plains and
plateaus|

* Guinevere Planitia
* Lakshmi Planum
* Sedna Planitia

Canyons and
valleys|

* Aikhulu Chasma
* Artemis Chasma
* Baltis Vallis
* Dali Chasma
* Devana Chasma
* Diana Chasma
* Ganis Chasma

Craters|

* Addams
* Adivar
* Agnesi
* Alcott
* Ariadne
* Aurelia
* Balch
* Barton
* Buck
* Cleopatra
* Cunitz
* Danilova
* De Lalande
* Dickinson
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* Golubkina
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* Mariko
* Mead
* Meitner
* Merit Ptah
* Mona Lisa
* Nanichi
* Riley
* Ruth
* Stefania
* Wanda
* Wheatley
* Yablochkina

Other|

* Geodynamics
* Geology
* Surface features
* Venus snow
* Venusquake

Astronomy|

| General|

* Aspects
* Orbit
* Phases

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Transits|

* 1639
* 1761
* 1769
* 1874
* 1882
* 2004
* 2012

Asteroids|

* Venus-crosser asteroids
* Venus trojans
* Zoozve

Exploration|

| Past|

* Sputnik programme
* Sputnik 7
* Venera program
* Venera 1
* Sputnik 19
* Sputnik 20
* Sputnik 21
* Kosmos 21
* Venera 1964A
* Kosmos 27
* Venera 2
* Venera 3
* Kosmos 96
* Venera 4
* Kosmos 167
* Venera 5
* Venera 6
* Venera 7
* Venera 8
* Kosmos 482
* Venera 9
* Venera 10
* Venera 11
* Venera 12
* Venera 13
* Venera 14
* Venera 15
* Venera 16
* Mariner program
* Mariner 1
* Mariner 2
* Mariner 5
* Mariner 10
* Zond program
* Zond 1
* Pioneer Venus
* Pioneer Venus Orbiter / Pioneer 12
* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe / Pioneer 13
* Vega program
* Vega 1
* Vega 2
* Magellan
* IKAROS
* Shin'en
* Venus Express
* Akatsuki

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Gravity Assists|

* Galileo
* Cassini–Huygens
* MESSENGER
* BepiColombo
* Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (planned)
* MBR Explorer (planned)

Planned|

* DAVINCI
* EnVision
* VERITAS
* Venus Orbiter Mission
* Venus Life Finder

Proposed|

* European Venus Explorer
* Venera-D
* VAMP
* VISE
* VISAGE
* VICI
* VOX

Proposed
(crewed)|

* Colonization
* Inspiration Mars (flyby)
* Terraforming

Other|

* Geological mapping of Venus
* Artificial objects on Venus

Related|

* Cytherean
* In culture
* In fiction
* Hesperus
* Life
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* Neith (hypothetical moon)
* Phosphorus

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Moon

Outline

Physical
properties|

* Internal structure
* Topography
* Atmosphere
* Gravity field
* Hill sphere
* Magnetic field
* Sodium tail
* Moonlight
* Earthshine

Orbit|

* Lunar distance
* Orbital elements
* Distance
* Perigee and apogee
* Libration
* Nodes
* Nodal period
* Precession
* Syzygy
* New moon
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* Eclipses
* Lunar eclipse
* Total penumbral lunar eclipse
* Tetrad
* Solar eclipse
* Solar eclipses on the Moon
* Eclipse cycle
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* Tide
* Tidal force
* Tidal locking
* Tidal acceleration
* Tidal range
* Lunar station

Surface and
features|

* Selenography
* Terminator
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* Hemispheres
* Near side
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* Poles
* North pole
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* Face
* Maria
* List
* Mountains
* Peak of eternal light
* Valleys
* Volcanic features
* Domes
* Calderas
* Lava tubes
* Craters
* List
* Ray systems
* Permanently shadowed craters
* South Pole–Aitken basin
* Soil
* swirls
* Rilles
* Wrinkle ridges
* Rocks
* Lunar basalt 70017
* Changesite-(Y)
* Water
* Space weathering
* Micrometeorite
* Sputtering
* Quakes
* Transient lunar phenomenon
* Selenographic coordinate system

Science|

* Observation
* Libration
* Lunar theory
* Origin
* Giant-impact hypothesis
* Theia
* Lunar magma ocean
* Geology
* Timescale
* Late Heavy Bombardment
* Lunar meteorites
* KREEP
* Volcanism
* Experiments
* Lunar laser ranging
* ALSEP
* Lunar sample displays
* Apollo 11
* Apollo 17
* Lunar seismology

Exploration|

* Missions
* Apollo program
* Explorers
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* Landing
* Colonization
* Moonbase
* Tourism
* Lunar resources

Time-telling
and navigation|

* Lunar calendar
* Lunisolar calendar
* Month
* Lunar month
* Nodal period
* Fortnight
* Sennight
* Lunar station
* Lunar distance

Phases and
names|

* New
* Full
* Names
* Crescent
* Super and micro
* Blood
* Blue
* Black
* Dark
* Wet
* Tetrad

Daily phenomena|

* Moonrise
* Meridian passage
* Moonset

Related|

* Lunar deities
* Lunar effect
* Earth phase
* Moon illusion
* Pareidolia
* Man in the Moon
* Moon rabbit
* Craters named after people
* Artificial objects on the Moon
* Memorials on the Moon
* Moon in science fiction
* list
* Apollo era
* futuristic exploration
* Hollow Moon
* Moon landing conspiracy theories
* Moon Treaty
* "Moon is made of green cheese"
* Natural satellite
* Double planet
* Lilith (hypothetical second moon)
* Splitting of the Moon

* Category

Portals:

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