List of fortifications

This is a list of fortifications past and present, a fortification being a major physical defensive structure often composed of a more or less wall-connected series of forts.

## Individual fortifications

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listed by name

* A Famosa, built in the 16th century in Malacca by the Portuguese following their defeat of the Malaccan Sultanate
* Alderney
* Alpine Wall
* Anastasian Wall, built in the 5th century across the Thracian peninsula for the protection of Constantinople
* Antonine Wall, built by the Romans in northern Britain
* Babylon Fortress in Old Cairo.
* Baggush Box
* Bar Lev Line
* Beijing city fortifications
* British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War
* British hardened field defences of World War II
* Castle of Bouka, Preveza, Greece
* Brimstone Hill Fortress, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Cairo Citadel, Egypt
* Castle Islands Fortifications, Bermuda
* Chester city walls, Chester, England
* Corradino Lines, Paola, Malta
* Cottonera Lines, Cottonera, Malta
* Czechoslovak border fortifications
* Danevirke
* Devils Battery, Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia
* Defense line of Amsterdam
* The Dutch Water Line, protecting the core provinces of the Netherlands, utilising the flooding of areas with water
* Elvas Fortifications, the largest bulwarked dry ditch system in the world, protecting the Portuguese garrison border town of Elvas
* Fortified district
* Molotov Line
* Stalin Line
* German World War II fortresses / Fortress Europe
* Alpine Fortress
* Atlantic Wall
* Festung Norwegen
* Festungsfront Oder-Warthe-Bogen
* Siegfried Line
* Floriana Lines, Floriana, Malta
* Fort Carré
* Fort Jesus, built in the 15th century in Mombassa by the Portuguese
* Götavirke (Sweden)
* Great Wall of China, built as a protection from the northern steppe nomads
* Great Abatis Border
* Gustav Line, a fortified German defensive line in Italy during the Second World War
* Hadrian's Wall, built by the Romans in northern Britain
* Hexamilion wall, built across the Isthmus of Corinth
* Hilsea Lines, built to protect Portsmouth
* Hindenburg line
* Humaitá
* Hindenburg Wall
* Intramuros, Manila
* Justinian Walls (in several locations along the borders of the Byzantine empire)
* Klis Fortress in Croatia
* Krepost Sveaborg, Imperial Russian First World War fortifications around Helsinki
* Limes Germanicus, Roman defensive line along the Rhine and in South-western Germany
* Limes Moesiae \- defensive frontier system in Southeast Europe, a collection of Roman fortifications between the Black Sea shore and Pannonia, present-day Hungary, consisting primarily of forts along the Danube (so-called Danubian Limes) to protect the Roman provinces of Upper and Lower Moesia south of the river
* Lines of Torres Vedras, built to protect the Lisbon Region, during the Peninsular War
* London Wall, the Roman wall around the city
* Maginot Line, built by France in the 1930s
* Mannerheim Line, built by Finland across the Karelian Isthmus
* Metaxas Line, built during 1936–1940 by Greece along its frontier with Bulgaria
* Montségur
* National Redoubt (Belgium)
* Newcastle town wall
* Offa's Dyke, an 8th-century earthwork dividing England and Wales
* Grim's Ditch
* Per Albin Line (Sweden)
* Petrovaradin fortress, in Northern Serbia, Austrian fortress from the 18th century
* Rupel Fortress, in Northern Greece, later incorporated in the Metaxas Line
* Rupnik Line
* Santa Margherita Lines, in Cospicua, Malta
* Saxon Shore, in southern Britain and northern France
* Suomenlinna, an 18th-century fortress in Helsinki
* Valtellina Redoubt
* Victoria Lines, in northern Malta
* York city walls

## Articles relating to cities

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### Europe

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* Ceintures de Lyon, built in the 19th century to surround the city of Lyon, France
* Walled city of Jajce, Bosnia
* Walled city of Počitelj, Bosnia
* Walled city of Vratnik, Bosnia
* Walls of Constantinople (modern day Istanbul), surrounding the city since the 4th century
* Walls of Dubrovnik, Croatia
* Roman walls of Lugo, Galicia, surrounding the city since the 1st century
* Walls of Ávila, Spain
* Walls of Nicosia, Cyprus
* Walls of Ston, Croatia
* Fortifications of Antwerp, Belgium
* Fortifications of Birgu, Malta
* Fortifications of Chania, Crete, Greece
* Fortifications of Famagusta, Cyprus
* Fortifications of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
* Fortifications of London, England
* Lines of Communication (London), English Civil War fortifications built around London between 1642 and 1643
* London Defence Positions
* Outer London Defence Ring
* Military citadels under London
* Fortifications of Kotor, Montenegro
* Fortifications of Mdina, Malta
* Fortifications of Messina, Sicily, Italy
* Fortifications of Metz, France
* Fortifications of Portsmouth, England
* Fortifications of Senglea, Malta
* Fortifications of Valletta, Malta
* Defence lines of the Netherlands
* List of town walls in England and Wales
* Rocca di Manerba del Garda (Lombardy), Italy

### Africa

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* Egypt

Main article: List of Egypt castles, forts, fortifications and city walls

## See also

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* List of buildings
* List of castles
* List of forts
* List of walls
* List of cities with defensive walls
* List of established military terms (Engineering)
* Martello tower

* v
* t
* e

Fortifications

Ancient|

* Abatis
* Acropolis
* Agger
* Broch
* Burgus
* Caltrop
* Castellum
* Castra
* Castros
* Chengqiang
* Circular rampart
* City gate
* Crannog
* Ditch
* Defensive wall
* Dun
* Faussebraye
* Gatehouse
* Gord
* Hillfort
* Landwehr
* Limes
* Nuraghe
* Oppidum
* Palisade
* Pincer gate
* Promontory fort
* Rampart
* Ringfort (Rath)
* Refuge castle
* Schwedenschanze
* Stockade
* Sudis
* Trou de loup
* Vallum
* Wagon fort (Laager)
* Vitrified fort

Post-classical|

* Advanced work
* Albarrana tower
* Alcazaba
* Alcázar
* Amba
* Arrowslit
* Barbican
* Bartizan
* Bastion
* Battery tower
* Battlement
* Bawn
* Bent entrance
* Bergfried
* Berm
* Boom
* Bretèche
* Bridge castle
* Bridge tower
* Burh
* Butter-churn tower
* Caer
* Castle
* Chamber gate
* Chartaque
* Chashi
* Chemin de ronde
* Chemise
* Cheval de frise
* Citadel
* Coercion castle
* Concentric castle
* Corner tower
* Counter-castle
* Curtain
* Drawbridge
* Enceinte
* Embrasure
* Flanking tower
* Fortified buildings (church, house, Dzong)
* Fujian tulou
* Ganerbenburg
* Gate tower
* Gabion
* Glacis
* Guard tower
* Gulyay-gorod
* Gusuku
* Half tower
* Hoarding
* Inner bailey
* Kasbah
* Keep
* Kremlin (Detinets)
* Ksar
* Landesburg
* L-plan castle
* Machicolation
* Merlon
* Moat
* Motte-and-bailey
* Murder hole
* Neck ditch
* Outer bailey
* Outwork
* Peel tower
* Portcullis
* Postern
* Powder tower
* Qalat
* Reduit
* Ribat
* Ricetto
* Ringwork
* Roundel
* Quadrangular castle
* Shell keep
* Shield wall
* Shiro
* Toll castle
* Tower castle
* Tower house
* Turret
* Viking ring fortress
* Wall tower
* Bailey (or ward)
* Watchtower
* Witch tower
* Yagura
* Yett
* Zwinger

Modern|

| Early modern|

* Abwurfdach
* Arsenal
* Barricade
* Bastion
* Blockhouse
* Breastwork
* Canal
* Caponier
* Casemate
* Cavalier
* Counterguard
* Couvreface
* Coupure
* Covertway
* Crownwork
* Device Forts
* Entrenchment
* Flèche
* Gorge
* Gunpowder magazine
* Hornwork
* Kotta mara
* Lunette
* Magazine
* Orillon
* Ostrog
* Palanka
* Place-of-arms
* Polygonal fort
* Presidio (Spanish America)
* Punji sticks
* Ravelin
* Redan
* Redoubt
* Retrenchment
* Sally port
* Sandbag
* Scarp and Counterscarp
* Sconce
* Schanze
* Sea fort
* Station
* Star fort
* Tenaille

|

19th century|

* Barbed wire
* Barbette
* Border outpost
* Bunker
* Coastal artillery
* Disappearing gun
* Fire control tower
* Gun turret
* Land mine
* Martello tower
* Outpost
* Polygonal fort
* Sangar
* Wire obstacles

20th century|

* Admiralty scaffolding
* Air raid shelter
* Anti-tank trench
* Barbed tape
* Belgian gate
* Blast shelter
* Blast wall
* Border security
* Bomb shelter
* Buoy
* Bremer wall
* Concertina wire
* Defensive fighting position
* British "hedgehog" road block
* Czech hedgehog
* Dragon's teeth
* Entry control point (ECP)
* Electric fence
* Fallout shelter
* Fire support base
* Flak tower
* Hardened aircraft shelter
* Hesco bastion
* Kabal
* Loophole
* Main line of resistance
* Missile launch facility
* Pillbox
* Revetment
* Sentry gun
* Spider hole
* Submarine pen
* Underground hangar
* Weapon storage area
* Weapons Storage and Security System

By topography|

* Cave castle
* Hill castle
* Hillfort
* Hillside castle
* Hilltop castle
* Island castle
* Lowland castle
* Marsh castle
* Moated castle
* Promontory fort
* Ridge castle
* Rocca
* Rock castle
* Spur castle
* Water castle
* Floating water castle

By role|

* Border barrier
* Coastal defence
* Coercion castle
* Counter-castle
* Fence
* Ganerbenburg
* Hunting lodge
* Imperial castle
* Kaiserpfalz
* Landesburg
* Lustschloss
* Military base
* Obstacle
* Ordensburg
* Refuge castle
* Toll castle
* Urban castle

By design|

* Bastion fort
* Bridge castle
* Circular rampart
* Concentric castle
* L-plan castle
* Motte-and-bailey castle
* Quadrangular castle
* Ringfort
* Ringwork
* Tower castle
* Z-plan castle

Lists|

* Bastion forts
* Castles
* Cities with defensive walls
* Defense line
* Fortified estate
* Fortifications
* Forts
* Military installations
* Walls

Related word|

* Castle town
* Château
* Dungeon
* Festung
* Fortified gateway
* Gatekeeper
* Loophole
* National redoubt
* Palas
* Picket
* Schloss
* Trench
* Vedette

Other topics|

* Civil defense
* Continuity of government
* Military urbanism
* Subterranean warfare
* Siege
* Siege engine
* list
* Tunnel warfare
* Trench warfare
* Urban warfare
* Guerrilla

* See also:  Category

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