List of marine mammal species

Marine mammals comprise over 130 living and recently extinct species in three taxonomic orders. The Society for Marine Mammalogy, an international scientific society, maintains a list of valid species and subspecies, most recently updated in October 2015.[1] This list follows the Society's taxonomy regarding and subspecies.

Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 19 January 2015[2]) and are clickable to link to IUCN Red List species pages.

EX \- extinct

EW \- extinct in the wild
CR \- critically endangered
EN \- endangered
VU \- vulnerable
NT \- near threatened
LC \- least concern
DD \- data deficient

NE \- not evaluated

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## Order Cetartiodactyla

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Footnote on use of Cetartiodactyla[a]

### Cetacea

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### Mysticeti

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#### Balaenidae

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* North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis EN
* North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica EN
* Southern right whale, Eubalaena australis LC
* Bowhead whale or Greenland right whale, Balaena mysticetus LC

#### Balaenopteridae

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* Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC (ssp. acutorostrata \- North Atlantic minke whale NE, ssp. scammoni \- North Pacific minke whale NE, unnamed ssp. dwarf minke whale NE)
* Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis DD
* Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN (ssp. borealis \- northern sei whale NE, ssp. schlegellii \- southern sei whale NE)
* Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD (ssp. brydei \- Bryde's whale NE, ssp. edeni \- Eden's whale NE )
* Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai DD
* Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN (ssp. musculus \- northern blue whale NE, ssp. brevicauda \- pygmy blue whale DD, ssp. intermedia \- southern blue whale CR, ssp. indica \- great Indian blue whale NE)
* Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN (ssp. patachonica pygmy fin whale NE, ssp. physalus \- northern fin whale NE but Mediterranean Subpopulation VU, ssp. quoyi \- southern fin whale NE)
* Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC (ssp. novaeangliae North Atlantic humpback whale NE, ssp. kuzira \- North Pacific humpback whale NE, ssp. australis \- southern humpback whale NE but Oceania subpopulation EN, isolated subpopulation in Arabian Sea EN)

#### Neobalaenidae

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* Pygmy right whale, Caperea marginata DD

#### Eschrichtiidae

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* Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus LC

### Odontoceti

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#### Physeteridae

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* Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU

#### Kogiidae

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* Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
* Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus DD

#### Ziphiidae

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* Arnoux's beaked whale, Berardius arnuxii

* Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii DD
* Sato's beaked whale, Berardius minimus NT
* Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus DD
* Southern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon planifrons LC
* Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus DD
* Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens DD
* Andrews' beaked whale, Mesoplodon bowdoini DD
* Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi DD
* Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
* Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus DD
* Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
* Gray's beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi DD
* Hector's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hectori DD
* Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula NE
* Strap-toothed whale, Mesoplodon layardii DD
* True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus DD
* Perrin's beaked whale, Mesoplodon perrini DD
* Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus DD
* Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri DD
* Spade-toothed whale, Mesoplodon traversii DD
* Shepherd's beaked whale, Tasmacetus shepherdi DD
* Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC

#### Platanistidae

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* Ganges river dolphin, Platanista gangetica EN
* Indus river dolphin, Platanista minor EN

#### Iniidae

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* Amazon river dolphin, Inia geoffrensis DD (ssp. geoffrensis \- common boto NE, ssp. boliviensis \- Bolivian bufeo NE)

#### Lipotidae

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* Baiji, Lipotes vexillifer CR, possibly EX[9]

#### Pontoporiidae

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* La Plata dolphin (Franciscana), Pontoporia blainvillei VU

#### Monodontidae

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* Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas LC (Cook Inlet Subpopulation CR)
* Narwhal, Monodon monoceros LC

#### Delphinidae

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* Commerson's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus commersonii DD (ssp. commersonii \- Commerson's dolphin NE, ssp. kerguelenensis \- Kerguelen Islands Commerson’s dolphin NE)
* Chilean dolphin, Cephalorhynchus eutropia NT
* Heaviside's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii DD
* Hector's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus hectori (ssp. hectori \- South Island Hector’s dolphin EN, ssp. maui \- Maui's dolphin or North Island Hector’s dolphin CR)
* Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD (ssp. capensis \- long-beaked common dolphin NE, ssp. tropicalis \- Indo-Pacific common dolphin NE)
* Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC (ssp.  delphis \- short-beaked common dolphin Mediterranean Subpopulation EN, ssp. ponticus \- Black Sea common dolphin VU)
* Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
* Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
* Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas DD (ssp. edwardii \- southern long-finned pilot whale NE, ssp. melas \- North Atlantic long-finned pilot whale NE, unnamed spp. - North Pacific long-finned pilot whale EX)
* Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
* Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei LC
* White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
* Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus LC
* Peale's dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis DD
* Hourglass dolphin, Lagenorhynchus cruciger LC
* Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens LC
* Dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus DD (ssp. fitzroyi \- Fitzroy’s dolphin NE, ssp. obscurus \- African dusky dolphin NE, ssp. posidonia \- Chilean dusky dolphin NE, unnamed spp. - New Zealand dusky dolphin NE)
* Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis LC
* Southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii DD
* Irrawaddy dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris VU
* Australian snubfin dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni NT
* Orca (killer whale), Orcinus orca DD (unnamed ssp. - resident killer whale NE, unnamed ssp. transient killer whale NE)
* Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra LC
* False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
* Atlantic humpback dolphin, Sousa teuszii  VU
* Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin, Sousa chinensis NT, (ssp. chinensis \- Chinese humpback dolphin NE, ssp. taiwanensis \- Taiwanese humpback dolphins NE)
* Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea NE
* Australian humpback dolphin, Sousa sahulensis NE
* Tucuxi, Sotalia fluvialis DD
* Guiana dolphin (Costero), Sotalia guianensis DD
* Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC (ssp. attenuata \- Offshore pantropical spotted dolphin NE, ssp. graffmani \- Coastal pantropical spotted dolphin NE)
* Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene DD
* Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
* Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
* Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD (ssp. centroamericana \- Central American spinner dolphin NE, ssp. longirostris \- Gray’s spinner dolphin NE, ssp. orientalis \- Eastern spinner dolphin VU, ssp. roseiventris \- dwarf spinner dolphin NE)
* Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
* Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
* Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC (ssp. truncatus \- Atlantic bottlenose dolphin Fiordland subpopulation CR and Mediterranean subpopulation VU, ssp. gillii \- Pacific bottlenose dolphin, ssp. poncticus \- Black Sea bottlenose dolphin CR)
* Burrunan dolphin, Tursiops australis NE

#### Phocoenidae

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* Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides VU
* Narrow-ridged finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis VU, (spp. asiaeorientalis \- Yangtze finless porpoise CR, ssp. sumameri \- East Asian finless porpoise (sunameri) NE)
* Spectacled porpoise, Phocoena dioptrica DD
* Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC (Baltic Sea subpopoulation CR) (ssp. phocoena \- Atlantic harbour porpoise NE, ssp. vomerina \- Eastern Pacific harbour porpoise NE, ssp. relicta \- Black Sea harbour porpoise EN, unnamed ssp. Western Pacific harbour porpoise NE)
* Vaquita, Phocoena sinus CR
* Burmeister's porpoise, Phocoena spinipinnis DD
* Dall’s porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli LC (ssp. dalli \- Dalli-type Dall’s porpoise NE, ssp. truei \- Truei-type Dall’s porpoiseNE)

## Order Sirenia

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### Trichechidae

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* Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis VU
* West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus VU (ssp. latirostris \- Florida manatee EN, ssp. manatus \- Antillean manatee EN)
* African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis VU

### Dugongidae

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* Dugong, Dugong dugon VU
* Steller's sea cow, Hydrodamalis gigas EX

## Order Carnivora

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### Pinnipedia

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#### Otariidae

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* Brown fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus LC (ssp. pusillus \- Cape fur seal NE, ssp. doriferus \- Australian fur seal NE)
* South American fur seal, Arctophoca australis LC (ssp. australis \- South American fur seal NE, unnamed ssp. - Peruvian fur seal NE)
* New Zealand fur seal, Arctophoca forsteri LC
* Galápagos fur seal, Arctophoca galapagoensis EN
* Antarctic fur seal, Arctophoca gazella LC
* Juan Fernández fur seal, Arctophoca philippii LC
* Guadalupe fur seal, Arctophoca townsendi LC
* Subantarctic fur seal, Arctophoca tropicalis LC
* Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus VU
* Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus NT (ssp. jubatus \- western Steller sea lion EN, ssp. monteriensis \- Loughlin’s Steller sea lion LC)
* Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea EN
* South American sea lion, Otaria byronia LC
* New Zealand sea lion, Phocarctos hookeri EN
* California sea lion, Zalophus californianus LC
* Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus EX
* Galápagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki EN

#### Odobenidae

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* Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus DD (ssp. divergens \- Pacific walrus NE, ssp. rosmarus \- Atlantic walrus NE)

#### Phocidae

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* Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata VU
* Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus LC (ssp. barbatus \- Atlantic bearded seal NE, ssp. nauticus \- Pacific bearded seal NE)
* Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus LC (ssp. grypus \- Western Atlantic grey seal NE, ssp. macrorhynchus \- Eastern Atlantic grey seal NE)
* Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata DD
* Leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx LC
* Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii LC
* Crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus LC
* Southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina LC
* Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris LC
* Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus VU
* Hawaiian monk seal, Neomonachus schauinslandi CR
* Caribbean monk seal, Neomonachus tropicalis EX
* Ross seal, Ommatophoca rossii LC
* Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus LC
* Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina LC (ssp. vitulina \- Atlantic harbor seal NE, ssp. mellonae \- Ungava harbor seal NE, ssp. richardii \- Pacific harbour seal NE)
* Spotted seal, Phoca largha DD
* Ringed seal, Pusa hispida LC (ssp. hispida \- Arctic ringed seal NE, ssp. botnica  \- Baltic ringed seal NE, ssp. ochotensis \- Okhotsk ringed seal NE, ssp. ladogensis \- Lake Logoda ringed seal NE, ssp. saimensis \- Saima seal )
* Caspian seal, Pusa caspica EN
* Baikal seal, Pusa sibirica LC

#### Ursidae

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* Polar bear, Ursus maritimus VU

#### Mustelidae

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* Sea otter, Enhydra lutris EN (ssp. kenyoni \- northern sea otter NE, ssp. lutris \- common sea otter NE, ssp. nereis \- southern sea otter NE)
* Marine otter, Lontra felina EN
* Sea mink, Neovison macrodon EX

## See also

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* Marine life portal
* Oceans portal

* List of mammals
* List of cetaceans
* Vancouver Coastal Sea wolf, a subspecies of gray wolf that has been described as semiaquatic, and is placed at the top of its marine food web

## Footnotes

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1. ^ The use of Order Cetartiodactyla, instead of Cetacea with Suborders Odontoceti and Mysticeti, is favored by most evolutionary mammalogists working with molecular data[3][4][5][6] and is supported by the IUCN Cetacean Specialist Group[7] and by the Taxonomy Committee[8] of the Society for Marine Mammalogy, the largest international association of marine mammal scientists in the world. See Cetartiodactyla and Marine mammal articles for further discussion.

## References

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1. ^ "The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Taxonomy Committee List of Species and Subspecies". Society for Marine Mammalogy. October 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
2. ^ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
3. ^ Agnarsson, I.; May-Collado, LJ. (2008). "The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: the importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies". Mol Phylogenet Evol. 48 (3): 964–985\. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.046. PMID 18590827.
4. ^ Price, SA.; Bininda-Emonds, OR.; Gittleman, JL. (2005). "A complete phylogeny of the whales, dolphins and even-toed hoofed mammals – Cetartiodactyla". Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 80 (3): 445–473\. doi:10.1017/s1464793105006743. PMID 16094808. S2CID 45056197.
5. ^ Montgelard, C.; Catzeflis, FM.; Douzery, E. (1997). "Phylogenetic relationships of artiodactyls and cetaceans as deduced from the comparison of cytochrome b and 12S RNA mitochondrial sequences". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 14 (5): 550–559\. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792. PMID 9159933.
6. ^ Spaulding, M.; O'Leary, MA.; Gatesy, J. (2009). "Relationships of Cetacea -Artiodactyla- Among Mammals: Increased Taxon Sampling Alters Interpretations of Key Fossils and Character Evolution". PLOS ONE. 4 (9): e7062. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7062S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007062. PMC 2740860. PMID 19774069.
7. ^ Cetacean Species and Taxonomy. iucn-csg.org
8. ^ "The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Taxonomy Committee List of Species and subspecies" Archived 2015-01-06 at the Wayback Machine.
9. ^ Samuel T Turvey; Robert L Pitman; Barbara L Taylor; Jay Barlow; Tomonari Akamatsu; Leigh A Barrett; Xiujiang Zhao; Randall R Reeves; Brent S Stewart; Kexiong Wang; Zhuo Wei; Xianfeng Zhang; L.T Pusser; Michael Richlen; John R Brandon; Ding Wang (2007). "First human-caused extinction of a cetacean species?". Biology Letters. 3 (5): 537–540\. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0292. PMC 2391192. PMID 17686754.

* v
* t
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Lists of mammal species

* Mammals
* marine
* prehistoric
* recently extinct
* critically endangered
* endangered
* vulnerable
* near threatened
* least concern
* data deficient

Monotremes
and marsupials|

* Dasyuromorphs (quolls, dunnarts, and other Australian carnivores)
* Didelphimorphs (opossums)
* Peramelemorphs (bandicoots and bilbies)

Diprotodonts
(kangaroos and possums)|

* Macropodiformes (kangaroos, wallabies, bettongs, and potoroos)
* Phalangeriformes (possums, gliders, and cuscus)

Placental
mammals|

* Afrosoricids (golden moles, otter shrews, and tenrecs)
* Cingulates (armadillos)
* Macroscelids (elephant shrews)
* Perissodactyls (odd-toed ungulates)
* Pholidotans (pangolins)
* Pilosans (anteaters and sloths)
* Scandentians (treeshrews)

Artiodactyls
(even-toed ungulates)|

* Bovids (antelope, sheep, goats, and cattle)
* Cervids (deer)
* Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)
* Arctic
* extinct
* Suines (pigs and peccaries)

Carnivorans
(carnivores)|

* Canids (wolves and foxes)
* Canis lupus subspecies
* Felids (cats)
* Herpestids (mongooses)
* Mephitids (skunks and stink badgers)
* Mustelids (badgers, martens, otters, and weasels)
* Pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses)
* Fossil pinnipedimorphs (seals and stem-relatives)
* Procyonids (raccoons, coatis, and kinkajous)
* Ursids (bears)
* Ursus arctos subspecies
* Viverrids (civets and genets)

Chiropterans
(bats)|

* Emballonurids (sheath-tailed bats)
* Hipposiderids (Old World leaf-nosed bats)
* Miniopterids (bent-winged bats)
* Molossids (free-tailed bats)
* Mormoopids (mustached bats)
* Natalids (funnel-eared bats)
* Nycterids (slit-faced bats)
* Phyllostomids (leaf-nosed bats)
* Pteropodids (fruit bats)
* Rhinolophids (horseshoe bats)
* Vespertilionids (vesper bats)
* Kerivoulines (woolly bats)
* Murinines (tube-nosed bats)
* Myotines (mouse-eared bats)
* Vespertilionines (pipistrelles and serotines)

Eulipotyphlans
(moles and shrews)|

* Erinaceids (hedgehogs and gymnures)
* Soricids (shrews)
* Crocidurines (white-toothed shrews)
* Myosoricines (African shrews)
* Soricines (red-toothed shrews)
* Talpids (moles and desmans)

Lagomorphs
(rabbits and pikas)|

* Leporids (hares and rabbits)
* Ochotonids (pikas)

Primates|

* Cercopithecoids (Old World monkeys)
* Hominoids (apes)
* Lemuroids (lemurs)
* Lorisoids (lorises and galagos)
* Platyrrhines (New World monkeys)
* Tarsiiformes (tarsiers)
* Fossil primates

Rodents|

*     * extinct
* Calomyscids (mouse-like hamsters)
* Capromyids (hutias)
* Caviids (cavies and guinea pigs)
* Ctenomyids (tuco-tucos)
* Dasyproctids (agoutis)
* Echimyids (Neotropical spiny rats)
* Erethizontids (New World porcupines)
* Geomyids (gophers)
* Glirids (dormice)
* Heteromyids (kangaroo rats and pocket mice)
* Hystricids (Old World porcupines)
* Octodontids (degus and viscacha rats)
* Sciurids (squirrels, chipmunks, and marmots)

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