List of national flags by design

A national flag is a flag that represents and symbolizes a country. Flags come in many shapes and designs, which often represent something about the country or people that the flag represents. Common design elements of flags include shapes such as stars, stripes, and crosses, layout elements such as including a canton (a rectangle with a distinct design, such as another national flag), and the overall shape of a flag, such as the aspect ratio of a rectangular flag (whether the flag is square or rectangle, and how wide it is) or the choice of a non-rectangular flag. Sometimes these flags are used to represent languages.

Many countries with shared history, culture, ethnicity, or religion have similarities in their flags that represent this connection. Sets of flags in this list within the same category may represent countries' shared connections, or the design similarity may be a coincidence.

## Circle

[edit]

### One circle in center

[edit]

* Belize
* Brazil
* Burundi
* Dominica
* Ethiopia
* Grenada
* India
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* South Korea
* Laos
* Niger
* North Macedonia
* Paraguay
* Tunisia
* Uganda

### One circle on hoist

[edit]

* Bangladesh
* Greenland (autonomous territory of Denmark)
* North Korea
* Namibia
* New Caledonia (French overseas collectivity)
* Palau
* Portugal — an armillary sphere plus 25 white "plate" roundel discs in quincunces on five escutcheoned shields
* Rwanda

### One broken or implied circle

[edit]

* Afghanistan (2013–2021)
* Cape Verde — ten stars in a circle
* Cook Islands (associated state of New Zealand) — 15 stars in a circle
* Eritrea — wreath
* European Union and the Council of Europe (supranational political and economic union) — twelve stars in a circle
* French Polynesia (overseas territory of France)
* Northern Mariana Islands (unincorporated organized US territory) — garland of flowers

## Coat of arms

[edit]

See also: Coat of arms

* Afghanistan (2013–2021)
* Andorra
* Anguilla (UK overseas territory)
* Austria (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Ascension Island (UK overseas territory)
* Belize
* Bermuda (UK overseas territory)
* Bolivia (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory)
* British Indian Ocean Territory (UK overseas territory)
* British Virgin Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Cayman Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Costa Rica (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Croatia
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* El Salvador
* Falkland Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Fiji
* French Polynesia
* Germany (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Gibraltar (UK overseas territory)
* Guam
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Jersey
* Mayotte (French overseas department, used unofficially) — two seahorses
* Moldova
* Montserrat (UK overseas territory)
* Mexico
* Montenegro
* Nicaragua
* Northern Mariana Islands (unincorporated organized US territory)
* Paraguay
* Poland (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Portugal
* Peru (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Pitcairn Islands (UK overseas territory)
* San Marino (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Saint Barthélemy (French overseas department, used unofficially)
* Saint Helena (UK overseas territory)
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Collectivity of Saint-Martin (French overseas department, used unofficially)
* Sint Maarten
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Tristan da Cunha (UK overseas territory)
* Turks and Caicos Islands (UK overseas territory)
* United States Virgin Islands
* Venezuela (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms)
* Vatican City

## Crescent

[edit]

See also: Star and crescent

### Facing up

[edit]

* Brunei
* Mauritania
* Mongolia
* Nepal

### Facing fly

[edit]

* Algeria
* Azerbaijan
* Bangsamoro (autonomous region in the Philippines)
* Comoros
* Karakalpakstan (autonomous republic of Uzbekistan)
* Libya
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Northern Cyprus (recognized only by Turkey)
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (partially recognized)
* Singapore
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Uzbekistan

### Facing diagonally

[edit]

* Croatia
* Moldova
* Pakistan
* Turkmenistan

## Cross

[edit]

### Upright centred cross

[edit]

See also: Christian cross variants

* Dominica — Gamma cross
* Dominican Republic — Greek cross
* Georgia — Jerusalem cross
* Switzerland — Greek cross

#### Saint George's Cross

[edit]

* England (UK constituent country)
* Guernsey (self-governing crown dependency of the UK)
* Northern Ireland (UK constituent country)
* Malta
* Kingdom of Great Britain (1707→1801)
* United Kingdom

### Nordic Cross

[edit]

Further information: Nordic Cross

#### Nordic Cross in two colors

[edit]

* Denmark
* Finland
* Kalmar Union (1397→1523 — United Kingdom of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden)
* Sweden

#### Nordic Cross in three colors

[edit]

* Åland (autonomous region of Finland)
* Faroe Islands (autonomous territory of Denmark)
* Iceland
* Norway

### Diagonal cross

[edit]

Main article: Saltire

* Burundi
* Jamaica
* Seychelles (1976–1977)

#### St Andrew's Cross

[edit]

* Jersey (self-governing crown dependency of the UK)
* Scotland (UK constituent country)
* United Kingdom
* Kingdom of Great Britain (1707→1801)

### Upright and diagonal centred crosses

[edit]

* Basque Country (autonomous community of Spain)
* North Macedonia
* Spain — golden chains cross-linked in an orle border
* United Kingdom
* Kingdom of Great Britain (1707→1801)

### One cross in emblem

[edit]

* Fiji
* Greece
* Malta
* Marshall Islands
* Moldova
* Montenegro
* Montserrat (UK overseas territory)
* Portugal
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Spain
* Tonga
* Vatican City

### Union Jack

[edit]

See also: British ensign and Flags of the British Empire

* Australia
* Anguilla (UK overseas territory)
* Ascension Island (UK overseas territory)
* Bermuda (UK overseas territory)
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory)
* British Indian Ocean Territory (UK overseas territory)
* British Virgin Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Cayman Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Cook Islands (self-governing island nation in free association with New Zealand)
* Falkland Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Fiji
* Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Australian external territory)
* Montserrat (UK overseas territory)
* New Zealand
* Niue (self-governing island nation in free association with New Zealand)
* Pitcairn Islands (with Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands — UK overseas territory)
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Saint Helena (UK overseas territory)
* Tristan da Cunha (UK overseas territory)
* Turks and Caicos Islands (UK overseas territory)
* Tuvalu
* United Kingdom

#### Historically

[edit]

* Canada (1868–1921)
* Canada (1921–1957)
* Canada (1957–1965)
* Kingdom of Hawaiʻi (19th century)
* South Africa (1928-1994)
* United States (1776-1777)

Notably, the Union Jack features in many territorial and sub-national flags usually based on the Red Ensign (e.g.,  Bermuda) or Blue Ensign (e.g.,  New South Wales). The British Ensign in a few cases have backgrounds of other colours (e.g.  British Antarctic Territory and  Niue) or a unique pattern in the field (e.g.  British Indian Ocean Territory and  Hawaii). Some flags put the Union Jack somewhere other than the canton (e.g.  British Columbia). Unofficial flags, such as  Ross Dependency also use it.

## Living organism

[edit]

### Human and body parts

[edit]

* Abkhazia (unrecognized breakaway state from Georgia under military occupation by Russia) — hand
* Argentina — sun with a face
* Belize — agricultural workers
* British Virgin Islands (UK overseas territory) — Vestal Virgin
* Brunei — two hands
* Ecuador — sun with a face
* Herm (UK Crown dependency under the Bailiwick of Guernsey) — three Benedictine monks
* Malta — St George fighting a dragon
* Isle of Man (self-governing crown dependency of the UK) — three conjoined legs
* Montserrat (UK overseas territory) — woman
* Uruguay — sun with a face

### Animal

[edit]

#### Bird

[edit]

* Ascension Island (UK overseas territory) — sea gulls on the coat of arms
* Bolivia — an Andean condor
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory) — an emperor penguin
* Christmas Island (external territory of Australia) — a flying golden bosun
* Dominica — a perching sisserou parrot
* Ecuador — an Andean condor
* Fiji — a flying white dove of peace
* Guatemala — a quetzal
* Kiribati — a flying yellow frigatebird
* Papua New Guinea — a displaying yellow raggiana bird-of-paradise
* Saint Barthelemy (French overseas department, used unofficially) — two pelicans
* Saint Helena (UK overseas territory) — Saint Helena plover
* Collectivity of Saint-Martin (French overseas department, used unofficially) — a flying pelican
* Sint Maarten (constituent country of the Netherlands) — a pelican
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK overseas territory) — a macaroni penguin as a supporter of the coat of arms
* Tristan da Cunha (UK overseas territory) — four albatrosses on the coat of arms
* Uganda — a grey crowned crane
* Zimbabwe — a Zimbabwe Bird

#### Eagle

[edit]

* Albania — double-headed eagle
* American Samoa (US overseas territory) — a bald eagle
* Austria (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — an eagle
* Egypt — an Eagle of Saladin
* Germany (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — an eagle
* Kazakhstan — a steppe eagle
* Mexico — an eagle eating a snake
* Moldova — an eagle
* Montenegro — double-headed eagle
* Poland (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — an eagle
* Serbia — a double-headed eagle
* United States Virgin Islands (US overseas territory) — an eagle
* Zambia — a African fish eagle

#### Lion

[edit]

* Bermuda (UK overseas territory) — a lion
* Croatia — three crowned lion heads
* Fiji — a yellow passant guardant lion
* Jersey (self-governing crown dependency of the UK) — three passant guardant lions
* Montenegro — a passant lion
* Paraguay — a lion
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK overseas territory) — a rampant lion
* Spain — a rampant lion
* Sri Lanka — a golden lion
* Tasmania (Australian state) — a red passant lion

#### Livestock

[edit]

* Andorra — two cattle
* Bolivia — a llama
* Croatia — a goat
* Falkland Islands (UK overseas territory) — a sheep
* Malta — St George on a horse, fighting a dragon
* Moldova — an aurochs head
* Venezuela (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — a horse

#### Other

[edit]

* Anguilla (UK overseas territory) — three leaping dolphins
* Ascension Island (UK overseas territory) — two turtles as supporters
* Bhutan — an Oriental dragon
* Croatia — a marten
* Malta — St George fighting a dragon
* Mayotte (French overseas department, used unofficially) — two seahorses
* Mexico — a snake being eaten by an eagle
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK overseas territory) — a reindeer and a fur seal as the crest and a supporter of the coat of arms
* Tristan da Cunha (UK overseas territory) — two Tristan / St Paul rock lobster supporters
* Turks and Caicos Islands (UK overseas territory) — a Caribbean spiny lobster and a queen conch sea mollusc

Historically

* Canada (1868→1921) — lion, fish
* Canada (1921→1957) — lion
* Canada (1957→1965) — lion
* China (1862→1889) — Qing Dynasty dragon
* China (1889→1912) — Qing Dynasty dragon
* Iran (1848→1979) — lion and sun in various styles

### Plants

[edit]

* Bolivia — palm, laurel and olive branches
* British Indian Ocean Territory (UK Overseas Territory) — palm tree
* Canada — maple leaf
* Cyprus — olive branches
* Grenada — clove of nutmeg
* Eritrea — olive branch
* Equatorial Guinea — silk-cotton tree
* Fiji — sugarcane, coconut palm, and banana
* Guatemala — a laurel wreath
* Haiti — royal palm tree
* Hong Kong (special administrative region in China) — Hong Kong orchid
* Lebanon — Cedar of Lebanon
* Macao (special administrative region in China) — lotus flower
* Mexico — cactus
* Northern Mariana Islands (unincorporated territory of US) — garland of flowers
* Collectivity of Saint-Martin (French overseas department, used unofficially) — flamboyant and coralita flowers
* San Marino (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — a wreath of laurel and oak
* Spain — pomegranate fruit
* Sri Lanka — leaves of bodhi tree
* Vanuatu — leaves of namele tree

Historically

* Republic of the Congo (1970→1991) — palm leaf wreath
* Myanmar (1974–2010) — rice plant

#### Fleur-de-lis

[edit]

* Guadeloupe (overseas department of France)
* Quebec (province of Canada)
* Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1998)
* Saint-Barthélemy (overseas collectivity of France)
* Serbia
* Spain

## Objects

[edit]

### Astronomical

[edit]

#### Sun

[edit]

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Bangladesh
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Greenland (autonomous territory of Denmark)
* Guadeloupe (French overseas department, used unofficially)
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* Kiribati
* Kurdistan (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Kyrgyzstan
* Malawi
* The Marshall Islands
* Namibia
* Nauru
* Nepal
* Niger
* North Macedonia — a Vergina Sun
* The Philippines
* Rwanda
* Collectivity of Saint-Martin (French overseas department, used unofficially)
* Sint Maarten
* Taiwan (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Uruguay

#### Moon

[edit]

##### Full Moon

[edit]

* Laos
* Mongolia
* Palau
* Zaire (1971-1997)

##### Crescent Moon

[edit]

* Algeria
* Mauritania
* Northern Cyprus (autonomous self-governing nation state recognized only by Turkey, not recognized by the UN)
* Pakistan
* Tunisia
* Turkey

#### Star

[edit]

##### Five-pointed star

[edit]

See also: Five-pointed star

###### One five-pointed star in center

[edit]

* Algeria
* Angola
* Burkina Faso
* Cameroon
* Ethiopia
* Ghana
* Libya
* Mauritania
* Morocco
* Myanmar
* Northern Cyprus (autonomous self-governing nation state recognized only by Turkey, not recognized by the UN)
* Northern Mariana Islands (unincorporated territory of US)
* Pakistan
* Paraguay
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Senegal
* Somalia
* Somaliland (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Suriname
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Vietnam
* Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1946–1992)

###### One five-pointed star on hoist

[edit]

* Central African Republic
* Cuba
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* East Timor
* Guinea-Bissau
* Mozambique
* North Korea
* Puerto Rico (unincorporated territory of US)
* South Sudan
* Transnistria (unrecognized breakaway state from Moldova under military occupation by Russia)
* West Papua (proposed nation state and member of UNPO)
* Zimbabwe

###### One five-pointed star on canton

[edit]

See also: Canton (flag)

* Chile
* Liberia
* Togo

###### Many equal five-pointed stars

[edit]

* Abkhazia (unrecognized breakaway state from Georgia under military occupation by Russia) — seven
* Bosnia and Herzegovina — seven full stars and two half-stars
* Comoros — four
* Costa Rica (State Flag) — seven
* Federated States of Micronesia — four
* Honduras — five
* Hong Kong — five
* Kosovo (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state inc. all G7 nations and administered by the UN) — six
* Panama — six
* Philippines — three
* Saint Kitts and Nevis — two
* São Tomé and Príncipe — two
* Singapore — five
* Solomon Islands — five
* Syria — three
* Tajikistan — seven
* Turkmenistan — five
* Tuvalu — nine
* United States — 50
* Uzbekistan — twelve
* Venezuela — eight

###### Many equal five-pointed stars in circle pattern

[edit]

* Cape Verde — ten
* Cook Islands (associated state of New Zealand) — 15
* Dominica — ten
* European Union (international organisation) — twelve

###### Many unequal five-pointed stars

[edit]

* Brazil — 27
* Curacao (constituent island country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands) — two
* Grenada — seven
* Macau (special administrative region of China) — five
* New Zealand — four
* Niue (associated state of New Zealand) — five
* Papua New Guinea — five
* People's Republic of China — five
* Samoa — five
* Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand) — four

##### Six-pointed star

[edit]

###### One six-pointed star

[edit]

* Bonaire (Netherlands Caribbean)
* Israel

###### Many equal six-pointed stars

[edit]

* Burundi — three
* Equatorial Guinea — six
* Falkland Islands (UK overseas territory) — five
* Slovenia — three

##### Many-pointed star

[edit]

###### One many-pointed star

[edit]

* Jordan — seven
* Malaysia — 14
* Marshall Islands — 24
* Namibia — twelve
* Nauru — twelve
* Azerbaijan — eight

###### Many many-pointed stars

[edit]

* Australia — one 5-pointed star and five 7-pointed stars

##### Stars and stripes

[edit]

###### Stars and alternating stripes

[edit]

* Cuba
* Liberia
* Malaysia
* Puerto Rico (unincorporated territory of US)
* Togo
* United States
* West Papua (proposed nation state and member of UNPO)

###### Stars and varying stripes

[edit]

* Aruba (constituent island country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
* Azerbaijan
* Cape Verde
* Chile
* Comoros
* Croatia
* Djibouti
* Gagauzia
* Ghana
* Guinea-Bissau
* Honduras
* Jordan
* North Korea
* Libya
* Myanmar
* Nauru
* Philippines
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Singapore
* Slovenia
* Somaliland (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* South Sudan
* Suriname
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Uzbekistan
* Venezuela

##### Stars in southern cross pattern

[edit]

* Australia
* Brazil
* Cocos Islands (external territory of Australia)
* Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
* New Zealand
* Papua New Guinea
* Samoa
* Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)

### Book

[edit]

* Dominican Republic — Bible
* Mozambique — book

### Building

[edit]

* Afghanistan (2013–2021) — mosque
* Bolivia (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — church (Chapel of the Sacred Heart of Jesus)
* Cambodia — Angkor Wat
* Gibraltar (UK overseas territory) — castle
* Kyrgyzstan (sun with the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt)
* Portugal — seven castles
* San Marino — three castles
* Sint Maarten (constituent island country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands) — courthouse
* Spain — castle

### Headgear

[edit]

* Free City of Danzig (1920–1939) — a crown
* Bolivia (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — a Phrygian cap
* British Indian Ocean Territory (UK Overseas Territory) — the St Edward's Crown
* El Salvador — a Phrygian cap
* Haiti — a Phrygian cap
* Lesotho — a mokorotlo
* Liechtenstein — a crown
* Montenegro — a crown
* Nicaragua — a Phrygian cap
* Paraguay reverse side — a Phrygian cap
* San Marino (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — a crown
* Seborga (unrecognized micronation) — a crown
* Serbia — a crown
* Spain — a crown
* Vatican City — the Papal tiara

### Machine, tool, or instrument

[edit]

* American Samoa (US overseas territory) — fly-whisk
* Angola — half-gear and machete
* Austria (government/state flag only — national civil flag is without the arms) — broken chain, hammer and sickle (non-communist)
* Belize — axes, saw
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory) — torch
* Gibraltar (UK overseas territory) — key
* India — Ashoka Chakra or wheel of Dharma
* Mozambique — hoe
* Portugal — armillary sphere
* Spain — golden chains cross-linked in an orle border
* Transnistria (unrecognized breakaway state from Moldova under military occupation by Russia) — hammer and sickle
* Vatican City — Papal keys of St Peter / Heaven

Historically

* Burma (1974–2010) — gear wheel
* Republic of the Congo (1970→1991) — a hammer and a hoe
* East Germany (1959–1990) – a hammer and a compass
* Soviet Union (1917–1991) — a hammer and sickle crossed
* Armenian SSR
* Azerbaijan SSR
* Byelorussian SSR
* Estonian SSR
* Georgian SSR
* Kazakh SSR
* Kirghiz SSR
* Latvian SSR
* Lithuanian SSR
* Moldavian SSR
* Russian SFSR
* Tajik SSR
* Turkmen SSR
* Ukrainian SSR
* Uzbek SSR

### Map

[edit]

* Bangladesh (1971 — flag of the war of independence)
* Antarctica
* Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
* Cyprus
* Kosovo (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state inc. all G7 nations and administered by the UN)

### Ships

[edit]

* Ascension Island (UK overseas territory) — ship as the crest on the coat of arms
* Belize — on the coat of arms
* Bermuda (UK overseas territory) — foundering on rocks on the coat of arms
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory) — RRS Discovery as the crest on the coat of arms
* Costa Rica
* Ecuador
* Falkland Islands (UK overseas territory) — on the coat of arms
* French Polynesia (overseas collectivity of France) \- Polynesian canoes
* Saint Helena (UK overseas territory) — on the coat of arms
* Tristan da Cunha (UK overseas territory) — ship as the crest and naval crown on the coat of arms

### Weaponry

[edit]

* American Samoa (US overseas territory) — mace / war club
* Angola — machete
* Barbados — (trident-head)
* Bangsamoro — kris (autonomous region of the Philippines)
* Bolivia — cannon, rifles and axe
* Eswatini — assegai spears and nguni shield
* Guatemala — two crossed sabres and two crossed Remington rifles
* Haiti — cannon
* Kenya — Maasai spears and shield
* Mozambique — Avtomat Kalashnikova AK-47 assault rifle with a bayonet
* Oman — swords and Khanjar dagger
* Saudi Arabia — sword
* Sri Lanka — sword
* Venezuela — sword, sabre, and three lances

### Other symbols

[edit]

* Mongolia — Soyombo symbol
* Rwanda (1962–2001) — the letter R
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines — three lozenges in a close V formation
* South Korea — a Taegeuk and four black trigrams
* Zaire (1971–1997) — a hand holding a flaming torch,

## Text

[edit]

Main article: List of inscribed flags

### Country name

[edit]

* Costa Rica (state flag)
* Egypt – the text reads "Jumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah" in Arabic meaning "Arab Republic of Egypt".
* Guam (unincorporated territory of US)
* Mayotte (overseas department of France)
* Nicaragua
* Paraguay
* Venezuela (state flag)

### Motto

[edit]

* Afghanistan (under an unrecognized government) – the Shahada (an Islamic creed meaning "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet") written in the  Thuluth script.
* Andorra – "VIRTVS VNITA FORTIOR", Classical Latin for "United virtue is stronger".
* Belize – "Sub Umbra Floreo", meaning "Under the Shade I Flourish" in Latin.
* British Antarctic Territory (UK overseas territory) — "Research and Discovery"
* Brazil – "Ordem e Progresso", meaning "Order and Progress" in Portuguese.
* Equatorial Guinea – "Unidad, Paz, Justicia", meaning "Unity, Peace, Justice" in Spanish
* Iran – the Takbir ("Allahu akbar", which means "God is [the] greatest") written in the  Kufic script 11 times.
* Iraq – the Takbir written in the  Kufic script.
* San Marino – "LIBERTAS", Latin for "Freedom".
* Saudi Arabia – the Shahada (an Islamic creed meaning "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet") written in the  Thuluth script.
* Somaliland – the Shahada
* Spain – "PLVS VLTRA", Latin for "Further beyond".

### Country name and motto

[edit]

* Afghanistan (2013–2021) – the lowest line of text reads Afghanistan in the Pashto alphabet, and the calligraphic text at the top is the Shahada with the Takbir written beneath it.
* Brunei – the line of text on the crescent reads "Always render service with God's guidance", while the lower line reads Brunei Darussalam, both in the Jawi script.
* El Salvador – the name of the country encircles the coat of arms, which features the motto "Dios, Unión, Libertad" (Spanish for "God, Unity, Freedom") inside.
* Dominican Republic – the motto "Dios, Patria, Libertad" (meaning "God, Homeland, Freedom" in Spanish) can be read above the coat of arms at the center, below is the name of the country.

### Other texts

[edit]

* California – the name of the short lived and unrecognized state "California Republic", which preceded California's admission into the Union.
* Dominican Republic – the Bible is opened to the Gospel of John, chapter 8, verse 32, which reads “Y la verdad los hará libres”, which translates to “And the truth shall set you free” from Spanish.
* Guatemala – "Libertad 15 de septiembre de 1821", a combination of the Spanish word for "Freedom" and the date of independence of the former Federal Republic of Central America from Spain.
* Haiti – "L'union fait la force" (meaning "Union makes strength" in French), which is different from the country's official motto "Liberté, égalité, fraternité".
* Malta – "For Gallantry" can be read at the George Cross carried in the canton.

## Quadrilateral

[edit]

### Bordering stripe

[edit]

See also: Bordure

* Grenada
* Guam
* Maldives
* Montenegro
* Nepal
* Sri Lanka

### Upper left quarter

[edit]

See also: Canton (flag)

* Chile
* Greece
* Liberia
* Malaysia
* Republic of China (Taiwan)
* Samoa
* Togo
* Tonga
* United States
* Uruguay

#### Historically

[edit]

* Georgia (1918–1921)
* Georgian SSR (1951–1990) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Georgia (1990–2004)
* Burma (1974–2010)

### Vertical stripe on hoist

[edit]

See also: Side (heraldry)

* Belarus
* Benin
* Guinea-Bissau
* Madagascar
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Saudi Arabia (1744-1818; 1822-1913, hoist at right)
* South African Republic (1852-1902)
* Republic of Texas (1839-1845)
* United Arab Emirates
* Valencia (autonomous community of Spain)
* West Papua (proposed nation state and member of UNPO)

### Four parts

[edit]

#### Four equal rectangles meeting at center

[edit]

See also: Christian cross variants

* England (UK constituent country)
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Guernsey (UK crown dependency)
* Panama

#### Two equal squares and two equal rectangles meeting on hoist

[edit]

See also: Nordic cross flag

* Åland (autonomous region of Finland)
* Denmark
* Faroe Islands (autonomous territory of Denmark)
* Finland
* Iceland
* Kalmar Union (1397→1523 — United Kingdom of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden)
* Norway
* Sweden

## Triangle

[edit]

### Triangle(s) in center

[edit]

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Israel — two superimposed triangle outlines forming a star
* Saint Lucia

### Triangle(s) on hoist

[edit]

See also: Chevron (insignia) and Pile (heraldry)

* Bahamas
* Comoros
* Cuba
* Czech Republic
* Djibouti
* East Timor
* Eritrea
* Equatorial Guinea
* Guyana
* Jamaica
* Jordan
* Mozambique
* Martinique (overseas department of France)
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Puerto Rico (unincorporated territory of US)
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (partially recognized)
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Sint Maarten (constituent country of the Netherlands)
* South Africa
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tigray (national regional state of Ethiopia)
* Tuva (republic of Russia)
* Vanuatu
* Zimbabwe

### Triangle(s) pointing towards hoist

[edit]

* American Samoa (US overseas territory)

### Triangles meeting at center

[edit]

See also: Saltire

* Basque Country (autonomous community of Spain)
* Burundi
* Grenada
* Jamaica
* Jersey (UK crown dependency)
* North Macedonia
* Scotland (UK constituent country)
* Seychelles (1976–1977)
* United Kingdom

## Diagonal stripes

[edit]

### Two diagonal stripes

[edit]

See also: Division of the field § Common divisions of the field

* Bhutan
* Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
* Papua New Guinea

### Three fimbriated diagonal stripes

[edit]

See also: Bend (heraldry)

* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Namibia
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Tanzania
* Trinidad and Tobago

### Many radiating diagonal stripes

[edit]

* Guyana (6)
* Eritrea (3)
* Marshall Islands (4)
* Seychelles (5)

### Pall

[edit]

See also: Pall (heraldry)

* South Africa
* Vanuatu

## Horizontal stripes in two colors

[edit]

### Two horizontal stripes

[edit]

#### Equal

[edit]

* Angola
* Benin
* Burkina Faso
* Czech Republic
* Djibouti
* Guinea-Bissau
* Haiti
* Indonesia
* Liechtenstein
* Madagascar
* Monaco
* Philippines
* Poland
* Singapore
* Sint Maarten
* San Marino
* Ukraine
* Wales (UK constituent country)

#### Unequal

[edit]

* Azerbaijan SSR (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Belarus
* Byelorussian SSR (1951–1991) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Gibraltar (UK overseas territory)
* Ukrainian SSR (1950–1992) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)

### Three horizontal stripes

[edit]

#### Equal

[edit]

* Argentina
* Austria
* Bahamas
* Belarus (1918–1919, 1991–1995)
* El Salvador
* Honduras
* Nicaragua

#### Thin-and-thick

[edit]

* Armenian SSR (1952→1992) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Belize
* Cambodia
* French Polynesia (overseas collectivity of France)
* Georgian SSR (1951→1991) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Guam (unincorporated organized US territory)
* Kazakh SSR (1953→1992) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Laos
* Latvia
* Lebanon
* Mauritania
* Moldavian SSR (1952→1992) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Spain
* Transnistria (unrecognized breakaway state from Moldova under military occupation by Russia)

#### Fimbriated thin-and-thick

[edit]

See also: Fimbriation

* Botswana
* Estonian SSR (1940→1990) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union) — wavy
* Eswatini
* Kirghiz SSR (1952→1992) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* North Korea
* Latvian SSR (1953→1990) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union) — wavy
* Lithuanian SSR (1940→1990) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Suriname
* Uzbek SSR (1952→1992)(Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)

### Many horizontal stripes

[edit]

#### Equal

[edit]

* Abkhazia (partially recognized) — seven
* Catalonia (autonomous community of Spain) — nine
* Cuba — five
* Greece — nine
* Liberia — eleven
* Malaysia — fourteen
* Puerto Rico (unincorporated territory of US) — five
* Seborga (unrecognized micronation) — eighteen
* Togo — five
* United States — thirteen
* Uruguay — nine
* West Papua (partially recognized) — thirteen

#### Unequal

[edit]

* Aruba (constituent country of the Netherlands) — five
* Turkmen SSR (1953→1992)(Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* South Vietnam (1949–1975) — seven

## Horizontal stripes in three colors

[edit]

### Three horizontal stripes

[edit]

#### Equal

[edit]

* Armenia
* Republic of Artsakh (1992→2023) (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Azerbaijan
* Bangsamoro (autonomous region in the Philippines)
* Bolivia
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Egypt
* Estonia
* Ethiopia
* Gabon
* Germany
* Ghana
* Equatorial Guinea
* Hungary
* India
* Iran
* Iraq
* Jordan
* Kurdistan (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state of Iraq not recognized by the UN)
* Kuwait
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malawi
* Mozambique
* Myanmar
* Netherlands
* New Caledonia (overseas collectivity of France)
* Niger
* Oman
* Palestine
* Paraguay
* Russia
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (partially recognized autonomous self-governing nation state not recognized by the UN)
* Sierra Leone
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Somaliland (unrecognized)
* South Ossetia (unrecognized breakaway state from Georgia under military occupation by Russia)
* Sudan
* Syria
* United Arab Emirates
* Venezuela
* Yemen
* Zanzibar (semi-autonomous region in Tanzania)

#### Fimbriated equal

[edit]

See also: Fimbriation

* Kenya
* South Sudan
* Uzbekistan

#### Unequal

[edit]

* Afghanistan (1974–1978)
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Colombia
* Crimea (unrecognized breakaway state from Ukraine under military occupation by Russia)
* Ecuador
* Gambia
* Lesotho
* Libya
* Rwanda
* Tajikistan

### Five horizontal stripes

[edit]

#### Unequal

[edit]

* Cape Verde
* Costa Rica
* Eswatini
* Suriname
* Thailand

## Horizontal stripes in many colors

[edit]

### Four equal horizontal stripes in four colors

[edit]

* Central African Republic
* Comoros
* Mauritius

### Five equal horizontal stripes in five colors

[edit]

* Republic of China (1912–1928) (Taiwan)
* Manchukuo (Manchurian puppet state controlled by Japan — 1932→1945)

## Vertical stripes in two colors

[edit]

### Two equal vertical stripes

[edit]

* Algeria
* Malta
* Vatican City

### Two unequal vertical stripes

[edit]

* Russian SFSR (1954→1991) (Constituent republic of the Soviet Union)
* Pakistan
* Portugal

### Two unequal serrated vertical stripes

[edit]

* Bahrain
* Qatar

### Three equal vertical stripes

[edit]

* Barbados
* Guatemala
* Mongolia
* Nigeria
* Peru

### Three unequal vertical stripes

[edit]

Further information: Canadian pale

* Canada
* Norfolk Island (Australian external territory)

## Vertical stripes in three colors

[edit]

### Three equal vertical stripes

[edit]

* Afghanistan (2013–2021)
* Belgium
* Cameroon
* Chad
* France
* Guinea
* Ireland
* Italy
* Ivory Coast
* Mali
* Mexico
* Moldova
* Romania
* Rwanda (1962–2001)
* Senegal

## Unique aspect ratio

[edit]

Most common aspect ratio is 2:3, followed by 1:2.

The following flags have a distinctive aspect ratio:

* Belgium: Aspect ratio of 13:15
* El Salvador: Aspect ratio of 189:335
* Monaco: Aspect ratio of 4:5
* Nepal: The only national flag that is not rectangular, being made with 5 sides, and the only one that is higher than wide. Bordering aspect ratio of ~ 6:5
* Niger: Aspect ratio of 6:7
* Qatar: The largest aspect ratio of any national flag, the flag's width 2.545 times as large as the height. Aspect ratio of 11:28
* Switzerland: (Square-shaped) Aspect ratio of 1:1
* Togo: The golden ratio which is roughly around 1.618035; Aspect ratio of 2:3.23607 or ~ 8:13
* Vatican City: Undefined. The aspect ratio is usually defined around 1:1. However, it is not exactly 1:1.[1]

## See also

[edit]

* Flag families
* Gallery of sovereign state flags
* Vexillology

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "letter to the German nunciature (2010-05-27)" (PDF) (in German). Retrieved 2021-09-26.

## External links

[edit]

* Extensive list of similar flags from around the world

* v
* t
* e

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* Master list
* Reference list

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