List of people from Königsberg

The following is a list of people associated with the former city of Königsberg (Duchy of Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany) which was renamed to Kaliningrad, Soviet Union in 1946.

## Writing and public thinking

[edit]

Immanuel Kant, 1763 E. T. A. Hoffmann, pre-1822 Agnes Miegel monument Hannah Arendt, 1958

* Stanislovas Rapalionis (1485–1545), at Königsberg Albertina University first translator of the Bible into Lithuanian
* Abraomas Kulvietis (1509–1545), religious reformer at Königsberg Albertina University
* Stanisław Murzynowski (c.1527–1553), Polish writer, translator and a Lutheran activist during the Protestant Reformation.
* Caspar Schütz (c.1540 Eisleben - 1594 Danzig), historian at Königsberg and Danzig, interest in the history of Prussia.
* Martynas Mažvydas (1510–1563), priest, writer and translator
* Jan Kochanowski (1530 in Sycyna – 1584) Polish poet, attended the University of Königsberg after 1547[1]
* Simon Dach (1605 in Memel – 1659) a lyrical poet and hymnwriter[2]
* Frederick I of Prussia (1657–1713), Elector of Brandenburg & Duke of Prussia[3]
* John Ernest Grabe (1666–1711) an Anglican divine[4]
* Johann Christoph Gottsched (1700–1766) philosopher, author and critic of the Age of Enlightenment[5]
* Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), philosopher[6]
* Johann Georg Hamann (1730–1788), philosopher[7][8]
* Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel the Elder (1741–1796) a satirical and humorous writer[9]
* Zacharias Werner (1768–1823) a poet, dramatist and preacher[10]
* E. T. A. Hoffmann (1776–1822), author[11]
* Karl Lehrs (1802–1878) a classical scholar[12]
* Karl Rosenkranz (1805–1879) a philosopher and pedagogue[13]
* Wincenty Pol (1807 in Lublin – 1872) Polish poet; was interned in Königsberg after the fall of the November Uprising in Russian partition of Poland.
* Abraham Mapu (1808–1867), Hebrew novelist[14]
* Ferdinand Nesselmann (1811 Fürstenau - 1881 Königsberg), mathematician, historian, orientalist and philologist
* Fanny Lewald (1811–1889), feminist and author[15]
* Theodor Goldstücker (1821–1872) a German Sanskrit scholar[16]
* August Wilhelm Zumpt (1815–1877) a German classical scholar[17]
* Bernhard Weiss (1827–1918) a Protestant New Testament scholar[18]
* Emma Goldman (1869–1940), author and political theorist
* Friedrich Radszuweit (1876–1932), author and publisher
* Agnes Miegel (1879–1964), author
* Walter Liebenthal (1886–1982), sinologist and philosopher
* Hannah Arendt (1906–1975), political theorist and philosopher
* Leah Goldberg (1911–1970), Israeli poet
* Annemarie Bostroem (1922–2015), author
* Hans-Joachim Newiger, (1925–2011), philologist
* Leah Rabin (née Schloßberg) (1928–2000), author and wife of Yitzhak Rabin

## Scientists

[edit]

Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach, 1840 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff

* Johann Christoph Bohl (1703–1785), physician, professor, and sponsor of Kant
* Johann Bartsch (1709–1738), physician, botanist, and collaborator with Carl Linnaeus
* Karl Gottfried Hagen (1749–1829), chemist, opened first German chemistry lab at Königsberg's Albertina University
* Friedrich Bessel (1784–1846) an astronomer, mathematician, physicist, and geodesist[19]
* Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach (1792–1847), surgeon[20]
* Gotthilf Hagen (1797–1884), physicist, contributed to fluid dynamics
* Philipp Johann Ferdinand Schur (1799–1878) a German-Austrian pharmacist and botanist
* Adolph Eduard Grube (1812–1880), zoologist
* Hermann August Hagen (1817–1893) Cambridge, U.S., German entomologist
* Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887), physicist and spectroscopist[21]
* Karl Rudolf König (1832–1901), physicist[22]
* Franz Ernst Christian Neumann (1834–1918), pathologist
* Ernst Hugo Heinrich Pfitzer (1846–1906), botanist
* Otto Wallach (1847–1931), chemist, recipient of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
* Hermann Eichhorst (1849–1921), physician
* Emanuel Kayser (1845–1927) geologist and palaeontologist[23]
* Ernst Bessel Hagen (1851–1923), physicist
* Erich von Drygalski (1865–1949) geographer, geophysicist and polar scientist
* Siegfried Passarge (1866–1958), geographer
* Max Wien (1866–1938), physicist
* Arnold Sommerfeld (1868–1951), physicist, pioneered atomic and quantum physics
* Friedrich Adolf Paneth (1887–1958), chemist
* Fritz Albert Lipmann (1899–1986), biochemist, shared the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
* Arno Motulsky (1923–2018) medical geneticist

### Mathematicians

[edit]

Kurt Hensel, 1925

* Christian Goldbach (1690–1764), mathematician, developed Goldbach's conjecture
* Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi (1804–1851), mathematician, worked on elliptic functions, dynamics, differential equations
* Otto Hesse (1811–1874), mathematician, worked on algebraic invariants
* Carl Neumann (1832–1925), mathematician, worked on the Dirichlet principle
* Rudolf Lipschitz (1832–1903), mathematician, named the Lipschitz continuity condition
* Alfred Clebsch (1833–1872), mathematician, contributed to algebraic geometry
* Ludwig Scheeffer (1859–1885), mathematician, contributed to calculus
* Kurt Hensel (1861–1941) mathematician, introduced p-adic number
* David Hilbert (1862–1943), mathematician, developed invariant theory
* Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909), mathematician, developed the geometry of numbers

## Arts and music

[edit]

Otto Nicolai, 1842 Veruschka Gräfin von Lehndorff, 2011

* Anton Möller (c.1563–1611), painter active mostly in Danzig (Gdańsk)
* August Kohn (1732–c.1801/2), violinist and composer active at the courts in Berlin
* Otto Nicolai (1810–1849), composer and conductor[24]
* Rudolf Siemering (1835–1905) German sculptor[25]
* Hermann Goetz (1840–1876) a composer of the 1872 opera Der Widerspänstigen Zähmung.[26]
* Pavel Pabst (1854–1897), pianist/composer and professor at the Moscow Conservatory
* Käthe Kollwitz (1867–1945), painter and sculptor
* Ernst Behmer (1875–1938) a prolific German stage and film actor[27]
* Werner Funck (1881–1951), actor, singer, and film director[28]
* Harry Liedtke (1882–1945), actor
* Heinz Tiessen (1887–1971), composer
* Emy von Stetten (1898–1980), soprano
* Max Colpet (1905–1998), popular song lyricist[29]
* Michael Wieck (1928–2021), musician and author
* Veruschka von Lehndorff (born 1939), model, actress and artist[30]
* Eberhard Feltz (born 1937), German classical violinist
* Wilfried Gruhn (born 1939), German violinist, musicologist, music educator and emeritus professor

## Military

[edit]

Peter August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck

* Erhard Ernst von Röder (1665–1743), Prussian field marshal
* Alexander von Dönhoff (1683–1742), Prussian lieutenant-general and confidant of King Friedrich Wilhelm I
* Peter August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (1697–1775) Field Marshal in the Russian Imperial Army
* Friedrich von der Trenck (1726–1794), Prussian officer and adventurer[31]
* Leopold von Rauch (1787–1860), Prussian general
* Prince Albert of Prussia (1809–1872) Generaloberst
* Karl von Wrangel (1812–1899), Prussian General of the Infantry in the First Schleswig War
* Max von der Goltz (1838–1906), Prussian admiral
* Ernst von Below (1863–1955), German general
* Hans Feige, (1880–1953), Wehrmacht general
* Heinrich zu Dohna-Schlobitten, (1882–1944), major general in the resistance and sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof
* Oskar von Hindenburg (1883–1960) a German Generalleutnant
* Wolff von Stutterheim (1893–1940) a German Generalmajor
* Werner Ostendorff (1903–1945), German SS Major General (Gruppenführer) of the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich
* Heinrich Gerlach (1908–1991), German soldier in the 14th Panzer Division and author of The Foresaken Army
* Gerhard Barkhorn (1919–1983), second-highest-ranking Luftwaffe fighter ace (301 victories).
* Gideon Eilat (1924–2015), Israeli commander of the third battalion of the Yiftach Brigade during the 1947–1949 Palestine war

## Politicians

[edit]

Philipp zu Eulenburg, 1895

* Johann Jacoby (1805–1877), politician
* Eduard von Simson (1810–1899), jurist and politician[32]
* Otto Stellter (1823–1894), politician, member of German Reichstag
* Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg (1847–1921) diplomat and close friend of Wilhelm II[33]
* Robert Rasch (1852–1938), a German settler in Nauru & first resident Administrator
* Otto Braun, (1872–1955), statesman and politician, Minister President of Prussia
* Wilhelm von Gayl (1879–1945), politician of the German National People's Party
* Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (1884–1945), a monarchist conservative politician
* Waldemar Magunia (1902–1974), Nazi Party politician and SA officer
* Karl-Hermann Flach (1929–1973) journalist at the Frankfurter Rundschau and FDP politician
* Christean Wagner (1943-2025), German politician

## Sport

[edit]

* Eugen Sandow (1867–1925), first modern bodybuilder[34]
* Lilli Henoch (1899–1942), world record holder in the discus, shot put, and 4 × 100 meters relay, shot as a Jew by a Nazi Einsatzgruppen death squad
* brothers Kraft Schepke (1934–2023) & Frank Schepke (1935–2017) German Olympic rowers

## Others

[edit]

Reinhard Bonnke, 2014

* brothers Bruno Taut (1880–1938) & Max Taut (1884–1967), architects
* Moshe Smoira (1888–1961), first President of the Supreme Court of Israel
* Ehrenfried Günther Freiherr von Hünefeld (1892–1929) aviator, made the first east-west transatlantic flight in 1928
* Rabbi Josef Hirsch Dunner (1913–2007), Chief Rabbi of East Prussia 1936–1938
* Immanuel Jakobovits, Baron Jakobovits (1921–1999) Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth, from 1967 to 1991
* Ulrich Schnaft (born 1923) Waffen-SS man in WWII, emigrated to Israel where he spied for Egypt
* Gerda Munsinger (1929–1998) an East German prostitute and alleged Soviet spy
* Thomas Eichelbaum (1931–2018), former Chief Justice of New Zealand
* Heinrich August Winkler (born 1938), historian, academic and author
* Reinhard Bonnke (1940–2019), televangelist, missionary in Africa from 1967
* Heinrich Wilhelm Nehrenheim (1875–1939), military and provincial official in the Landeshaus Königsberg, married to Olga Wagner

## See also

[edit]

* List of Poles from Königsberg

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Kochanowski, Jan" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
2. ^ "Dach, Simon" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 726.
3. ^ "Frederick I. of Prussia" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 52.
4. ^ "Grabe, John Ernest" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 306–307.
5. ^ "Gottsched, Johann Christoph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 279–280.
6. ^ "Kant, Immanuel" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 662–672.
7. ^ "Hamann, Johann Georg" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879.
8. ^ "Hamann, Johann Georg" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 869.
9. ^ "Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 517.
10. ^ "Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 523–524.
11. ^ "Hoffmann, Ernst Theodor Wilhelm" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). 1911.
12. ^ "Lehrs, Karl" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 384.
13. ^ "Rosenkranz, Johann Karl Friedrich" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 218.
14. ^ "Mapu, Abraham" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1911.
15. ^ "Lewald, Fanny" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 519.
16. ^ "Goldstücker, Theodor" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 218.
17. ^ "Zumpt" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 1056.
18. ^ "Weiss, Bernhard" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 499.
19. ^ "Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 822.
20. ^ "Johann Friedrich Diefenbach" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
21. ^ "Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 827.
22. ^ "König, Karl Rudolph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911.
23. ^ "Kayser, Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 703.
24. ^ "Nicolaï, Otto" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 662.
25. ^ "Rudolph Siemering" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
26. ^ "Goetz, Hermann" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 189–190.
27. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 01 May 2021
28. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 01 May 2021
29. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 12 September 2020
30. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 12 September 2020
31. ^ "Trenck, Franz, Freiherr von der" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 245–246, see page 246. "His cousin, Friedrich, Freiherr von der Trenck (1726–1794), the writer of the celebrated autobiography...."
32. ^ Ashworth, Philip Arthur (1911). "Simson, Martin Eduard von" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 136–137.
33. ^ "Eulenburg, Philipp, Prince" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
34. ^ IMDb Database retrieved 30 April 2021