List of plants with symbolism

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Various folk cultures and traditions assign symbolic meanings to plants. Although these are no longer commonly understood by populations that are increasingly divorced from their rural traditions, some meanings survive. In addition, these meanings are alluded to in older pictures, songs and writings. New symbols have also arisen: one of the most known in the United Kingdom is the red poppy as a symbol of remembrance of the fallen in war.

## List

[edit]

### Plants

[edit]

Plant | Meaning | Region or culture

|
|

Asparagus foliage  | Fascination  | Europe
Bamboo | Longevity, strength, and grace  | China
Green willow | False love  | Britain
Mistletoe | Used to signify a meeting place where no violence could take place  | Druids
Maple Tree/leaves  | balance, love, longevity and abundance  | Various

### Flowers

[edit]

| Flower  | Meaning

|

Abatina [1] | Fickleness[2]
Acacia
general | Friendship;[3][4] chaste love[2]
pink | Elegance[2]
yellow | Secret Love[5][6][2]
rose or white | Elegance;[3][7][8] platonic love[2][6]
Acanthus | Art,[3][6][7] artifice[5][2]
Adder's tongue | Deceit[8]
Adonis' flower | Painful recollection, sorrowful remembrances[2][3][5][8]
Agrimonia | Thankfulness, gratitude[2][3][7][4][8]
Ailanthus | Lofty aspirations[8]
Allium | Patience, good fortune, prosperity, unity[4]
Almond | hope;[4] indiscretion and thoughtlessness[2][3][6][7]
Aloe | Grief,[3][7][8] affliction,[2] religious superstition[5]
Aloysia | Forgiveness[8]
Alyssum | Worth beyond beauty[4][5]
Amaranth
general | Immortality[2][3][7][8][9]
Amaranth (Cockscomb) | Foppery, affectation[5][8]
Amaranth (Globe) | Immortal love, unchangeable[5][2][8]
Prince's feather | Immortality, unfading[6]
Amaryllis | Pride,[3][8] timidity, splendid beauty;[2][5][4] hope and achievement.[10]
Ambrosia | Love is reciprocated[5][4]
American Cowslip | You are my divinity, divine beauty[3][5][2][7]
Anemone | Forsaken;[2][3][5][7][4] sickness, brevity, withered hopes;[11] anticipation[8][6]
Angelica | Inspiration[3][5][8][7]
Angrec | Royalty[2][3][5]
Anthurium | Hospitality, happiness, abundance
Apple blossom | Preference, better things to come, good fortune[2][3][5][8][6][4]
Apricot | Temptation[8]
Arborvitae | Everlasting friendship,[2] "live for me";[5] "thine till death"[8]
Arbutus | Simplicity;[8] you are the only one I love[6][4]
Arnica | "Let me heal thy grief"[8]
Arum | Ardour[5][4]
Ash | Grandeur[2][8]
Aspen | Excess of sensibility;[8] lamentation[2][5]
Asphodel | Death, the underworld; "my regrets follow you to the grave";[2][3][7] remembered beyond the tomb[8]
Aster | Symbol of love, daintiness,[4] talisman of love, trusting; cheerfulness in old age[8]
Astragalus | Your presence softens my pain[5][2]
Azalea | Take care, temperance,[2][5][8] fragile, gratitude, passion, Chinese symbols of womanhood[4]
Baby's breath | Innocence, purity of heart[4]
Bachelor's button / Cornflower | Celibacy;[5] hope;[4] single blessedness;[8] delicacy[6]
Balm | Sympathy[2][5][4]
Balm of Gilead | Cure, relief;[2][3][5][6] sympathetic feeling[8]
Balsam | Impatience, touch me not;[3][5][8][7] ardent love[2][4]
Barberry | Sourness of temper, petulance[3][5][8][6]
Basil | Hate;[2][3][5][6][11] (archaic) poverty[7]
Bay | Glory, (in a wreath) reward of merit;[2][5] "I change but in death"[2][6]
Bayberry | "I respect thy tears"[8]
Beech | Prosperity[2][3][8]
Begonia | Beware; a fanciful nature;[4] deformity[8]
Bellflower | Unwavering love, a constant heart[5][8]
Bells of Ireland | Good luck[4]
Bilberry | Treachery[2][3][5]
Birch | Elegance;[8] Meekness[2]
Bird's-foot trefoil | Revenge[5]
Bird of paradise flower | Liberty, magnificence, good perspective, joyfulness; faithfulness[4]
Bittersweet nightshade | Truth[5]
Black-eyed Susan | Justice
Blackthorn | Fate, protection, hope against adversity, good fortune; difficulty[5]
Bladdernut | Frivolous amusement;[2][3][5] a trifling character[8]
Bluebell | Loyalty, constancy,[2][5][6] humility & gratitude[4]
Bog-rosemary | Bound by fate;[8] "Will you help me?"[6]
Boxwood | Firmness and stoicism,[3][5][8][7] constancy[6]
Borage | Bluntness,[2][3][5] abruptness[8]
Bouncing bet | Intrusion[8]
Bouvardia | Enthusiasm[4]
Broom | Humility and neatness[2][3][5][8][6][7][11][4]
Browallia | "Can you bear poverty?"[8]
Brugmansia | Vivacity, vibrancy, health, danger
Bulrush | Docility;[2][4] indiscretion;[3][5][7] indecision[8]
Burdock | Importunity, touch me not[2][3][5][8][6]
Bumblebee Orchid | Industry[2][5]
Buttercup | Sarcasm, ingratitude;[3][7] childishness;[4] riches, memories of childhood[6]
Cabbage | Profit[5]
Calla Lily | Magnificence and beauty;[5][4] feminine beauty;[8] modesty[6]
Camellia | Constancy and steadfastness;[7] perfect loveliness, unpretending excellence[2][8][6]
Canterbury Bells | Gratitude, acknowledgement;[5][8][6][4] constancy[3][7]
Carnation | general | Fascination;[4] distinction; ardent love;[11] contempt;[8] woman's love[2]
red | Deep romantic love, passion; "alas poor heart," admiration[5][4]
green | Secret symbol of the followers of Oscar Wilde, love between two men
white | Sweet and lovely, innocence, pure love, faithfulness[4]
pink | A woman's love,[6] a mother's love; I'll never forget you[4]
yellow | Rejection, disdain, disappointment;[5][4] pride and beauty[8]
purple | Capriciousness, whimsical, changeable, unreliability[4]
mauve | Dreams of fantasy
striped | Refusal, no, "sorry I can't be with you"[5][4]
solid color | Yes, affirmative[4]
Catchfly | general | Pretended love, a snare;[2][6] "I am thy prisoner"[8]
Sticky Catchfly | Invitation to dance
red | Youthful love[2]
white | Betrayed[2]
Cedar of Lebanon | Incorruptible[2]
Celandine | Joys to come;[2][8] deceptive hopes[6]
Chamomile | Energy in adversity;[2][6][4] mercy[8]
Champignon | Suspicion[2]
Cherry blossom |  | A good education[2][5][4]
white | Deception[2]
in Japan | Transience of life, Mono no aware, Wabi-sabi, gentleness, kindness
in China | Feminine beauty
Chestnut | Do me justice;[3][5] deceptive appearances[8]
Chicory | Frugality[3][5][8]
China aster | Love of variety,[3][5] fidelity, "I will think of thee/it";[4][8] afterthough[6]
Chrysanthemum
general | fidelity, optimism, joy and long life; "you're a wonderful friend," rest, cheerfulness[4]
red | Love[5][4]
yellow | Slighted love[5][8][4]
white | Truth,[5] loyal love
Cinquefoil | Beloved daughter/child;[7][4][3] maternal affection[5]
Clianthus | Glorious beauty[8]
Clovenlip Toadflax | Please notice my love/feelings for you
Clove | Dignity[3][5][7]
Clover | red | Industry[5][8][4]
white | Think of me[5][4]
Coltsfoot | Justice shall be done[5][2]
Columbine | Folly;[3][5][7][8] deceived lovers, ingratitude, faithlessness, as in Shakespeare's Hamlet
Coreopsis | Always cheerful,[5][8][6][4] love at first sight[2]
Coriander | Hidden merit[3][5][8][6][7]
Corncockle | Gentility;[5] worth above beauty[8]
Coronilla | "Success crown your wishes"[8]
Cowslip | Youthful beauty and winning grace,[6] rejected love (in Switzerland), "glory of spring," heartsickness and the death of young maidens;[11] rusticity, healing, pensiveness[5][4]
Creeping Willow | Love forsaken
Cranberry | Cure for heartache;[5][2] hardiness[8]
Cress | Resolution;[3] stability, power[5]
Crocus |  | Love, abuse not,[5] Lupercalia; impatience, youthful joy, hope, and friendship in adversity[11]
Spring | Cheerfulness[8][6]
Saffron | Love of variety, fidelity; mirth;[5] beware of excess[3]
Crown Imperial | Power and majesty,[3][5] especially imperial power;[8] pride of birth[6]
Currant | "Thy frown will kill me";[5] "you please all"[8]
Cuscuta | Meanness[3][5]
Cypress | Death, mourning, despair, sorrow[3][5][8][6][7]
Daffodil | Unrequited love,[6] evanescent happiness and deceitful hopes;[11] regard, respect;[5][4] self-love;[3] chivalry[8]
Dahlia | Elegance and dignity;[8][6][4] abundance;[7] instability[5]
Daisy | general | loyal love, gentleness, innocence;[5][8][6][4] womanly truth, purity, fidelity, and patient endurance;[11] or, dissembling as in Shakespeare's Hamlet
Easter | Candor and innocence[7]
garden | "I share your sentiments"[3][5]
red | Beauty unknown to possessor
orange | Joy and sunshine
yellow | Happiness and joy
blue | Long-term loyalty and trust
purple | Thoughtfulness
wild | "I will think of it"[3][5]
Dame's violet | Watchfulness[5]
Dandelion | Overcoming hardship; faithfulness, happiness, love's oracle;[4] rustic oracle;[5] youthful recollections;[8] coquetry[6]
Daphne | Sweets to the sweet[8]
Daylily | Coquetry[8]
Delphinium | Flight of fancy[4]
Dill | Passion; lust[4]
Diphylleia | I will show my true self to you, clarity, honesty
Dittany of Crete | Childbirth[3][5]
Dodder of thyme | Baseness[5][8]
Dogbane | Deceit, falsehood[5][8]
Dogwood | Durability;[5] honesty, true nobility[8]
Edelweiss | Chivalrous devotion, high courage;[11] daring, noble purity[4]
Elderflower | Compassion;[6] humility;[7] zeal[5][8][4]
Elm | Dignity[5]
Enchanter's Nightshade | Spells, witchcraft, sorcery[3][5][8]
Eyebright | Joy, mental clarity, psychic powers;[12] "your eyes are bewitching"[8]
Evening primrose | Inconstancy,[3][5] silent love[6]
Fennel | Merit, strength,[7] worthy of all praise;[5][8] cuckoldry, as in Shakespeare's Hamlet,[13]
Fern | Magic, fascination,[5] sincerity;[4] Confidence[7]
Feverfew | Beneficence[8]
Fig | Argument;[5] longevity, prolificness[3][5]
Flax | Domestic industry, fate, "I feel your kindness"[3][5][8]
Forget-me-not | True love,[5][6] don't forget me;[7][4] faithful love, affectionate remembrance, chivalry, light, truth[11]
Foxglove | Insecurity;[14] stateliness, youth;[4] insincerity;[5][6] delirium[8]
Freesia | Innocence, trust, friendship[4]
Fuller's Teasel | Misanthropy[3][5]
Fungus | Resilience, loneliness, solitude, disgust
Fuchsia | Grace;[8] taste[6]
Gardenia | Secret love, joy, good luck; purity, sweet love, you're lovely[4]
Geranium | General | Gentility, determination;[7] (archaic) folly;[4] confidence;[8] deceit, preference[6]
Ivy | Bridal favor[5]
Lemon | Unexpected meeting[5]
Oak-leaved | True friendship[7][5][4]
Pencilled-leaf | Ingenuity[3][7][5][4]
Rose-scented | Preference[7][3][4]
Scarlet | Stupidity;[7][3] consolation[5][4]
Silver-leaved | Recall[7][5][6][4]
Wild | Steadfast piety[7][3][5]
Gladiolus | Strength of character, honor, conviction, generosity;[4] ready armed[8]
Goldenrod | Encouragement;[6] be cautious[5][4]
Gorse | Love in all seasons, endearing affection[4]
Guelder rose (or snowball) | Winter, age;[5] thoughts of heaven[6]
Hawthorn | Hope[5][6][4]
Hazel | Peace, reconciliation[3][5][6]
Heath | Solitude[3][5][8][6]
Heather | purple | Solitude, beauty, admiration[4]
white | Protection, wishes will come true[4]
Helenium | Tears[3][5][8]
Hellebore | Calumny[8]
Heliotrope | Emblem of faithfully devoted love[5][11][8][6][4]
Hepatica | Confidence[5][7]
Hibiscus | Delicate beauty[5][6][4]
Himalayan blue poppy | Potential, possibilities, psychic skills
Holly | Foresight[8][6]
Hollyhock | Ambition;[7][8][6] fruitfulness[4]
Honeysuckle | Devoted and generous affection;[5][6][7][4] bonds of love[8]
Horse chestnut | Luxury[8]
Houseleek | Domestic economy, vivacity[5][8]
Hyacinth
blue | Constancy[6][4]
purple | Grief and sorrow;[6][11] Please forgive me[4]
red or pink | Playfulness, sport[5][6][4]
white | Unobtrusive loveliness[5][4]
yellow | Jealousy[4][8]
Hydrangea
general | In a negative[15] sense frigidity, heartlessness;[6][7] Thank you for understanding;[4] boastfulness[5][8]
pink | Heartfelt emotion or gratitude
purple | A desire to deeply understand someone
blue | Frigidity and apology
white | Boasting, bragging, purity, grace and abundance
Hyssop | Purification[8]
Ice plant | Formality[8]
Iris
general | Eloquence, good news, light;[11] faith, valor, wisdom, friendship;[4] a message[5][8][6]
blue | Faith, hope
purple | Wisdom, compliments
yellow | Passion[4]
white | Purity
Ipomoea | Attachment[8]
Ivy | Dependence, endurance; faithfulness, wedded love, affection;[5][6][4] friendship[7]
Jacob's Ladder | Rupture[3][5]
Jasmine
| Unconditional and eternal love, monetary wealth. (in the Philippines and Hinduism); emblem of brides[11]
white | Amiability[6]
yellow | Grace and elegance[6]
Jonquil | Desire,[7] returned affection,[6] love me[5][4]
Juniper | Asylum, protection[8][6]
Kennedia | Mental beauty[8]
Kerria (棣棠 Dì táng) | (China) Royalty, Nobility of heart[16]
Larkspur | Levity, lightness, fickleness, haughtiness;[5][7][8][6] an open heart[4]
| Flower  | Meaning

|

Laurel | Glory and honor[5][11][8]
Laurestine | "I die if neglected";[7][8] a token[5]
Lamprocapnos | Rejected love, passionate love, unconditional love, compassion
Lavender | Love, devotion, loyalty;[4] distrust;[5][7] confession[8]
Lemon blossom | Fidelity in love;[5][4] discretion,[8] zest[6]
Lilac | purple | First emotions of love[5][4][8][6]
white | Youthful innocence, humility[5][7][4]
Lily | general | Affection for loved ones; majesty[7][6]
white | Purity, sweetness[5][4][8][6]
pink | Love, femininity and admiration
scarlet | Lofty aspirations
orange | Desire, passion; hatred; wealth[4]
Lily of the valley | Sweetness, humility, purity,;[11] returning happiness[5][8][6][4]
Lime blossom | Conjugal love[5]
Lionsheart | Bravery[8]
Lobelia | Malevolence[5][8]
Lophospermum | Ecstacy[8]
Lotus | Purity, chastity and eloquence;[6] rebirth; estranged love[5][4]
Love-in-a-mist | You puzzle me, perplexity[5][4]
Love lies bleeding | Hopelessness, not heartless[5][6]
Lupine | Voraciousness[8]
Magnolia | Perseverance, love of nature,[5][6] nobility[4]
Mallow | Consumed by love;[5] beneficence;[5][8][7] sweet disposition[6][4]
Marigold | Pain and grief,[6][7] jealousy;[5][11][4] cruelty[8]
Marjoram | Blushes[8]
Mayflower | Welcome
Meadow saffron | "My best days are past"[3][5]
Meadowsweet | Beauty, happiness, peace, protection; uselessness[5]
Mezereon | Coquetry, desire to please[3][5][6][7][4]
Mignonette | Worth; "Your qualities surpass your charms",[3][5][6][7][8] health and moral beauty[11][4]
Milkwort | Hermitage[3][5]
Mint |  | Virtue[5][8][4]
Peppermint or spearmint | Warmth of feeling[5][7]
Moonflower | Dreaming of love
Moonwort | Forgetfulness[3][5][7]
Morning glory | Repose;[8] affection[5][4]
Mudwort | Tranquility[5]
Mulberry
black | I will not survive you[3][5][2]
white | Wisdom[3][5]
Mullein | Good-nature[8][4]
Myrtle | Joy, triumph, fertility in marriage (in ancient Rome); peace and well-being (in Judaism); (coupled with laurel) glory, honor, a bloodless victory (in ancient Greece);[11] love, home, duty;[5][8][4] love in absence[6]
Narcissus | self-love,[3][6] egotism,[5] formality[4]
Nasturtium | Patriotism,[5][6] conquest, victory in battle;[4] heroism[8]
Nemophila | Prosperity[8]
Nettle (stinging) | Life and death, protection[17] as in Shakespeare's Hamlet; Cruelty;[7] slander[8]
Nightshade
| Silence, falsehood;[2] dark thoughts, scepticism[6]
Bittersweet | truth[3][5]
Deadly | death[8]
Oak leaf | Strength; Hospitality;[7] bravery;[5][6] honor[8]
Oats | Music;[5] country life[8]
Oleander | Beware[8][6]
Olive | Peace[5][7][8]
Orange blossom | Innocence, purity,[5] eternal love, marriage;[4] chastity[7][8][6]
Orchid | general | Refined beauty[4][8]
white egret orchid | I'll be thinking of you even in my dreams
red | Fire, romance, desire, and passion
orange | Pride, enthusiasm, and boldness
yellow | New beginnings, friendship, and joy
green | Love, charm, beauty, fertility, refinement, and thoughtfulness
blue | Rarity, uniqueness, beauty, and spirituality
purple | Respect, royalty and admiration
pink | Grace, gentleness, innocence, happiness, playfulness, and fertility
white | Purity, faith, humility, safety, elegance, innocence, and beauty
Ox-eye daisy | Patience[5]
Pansy/Heart's-ease | Thoughtfulness,[5] merriment,[4] remembrance, you occupy my thoughts;[6][2] "Think of me"[3]
Peach blossom | Long-life, generosity, bridal hope, charm; "I am your captive"[5][8][6][4]
Pear blossom | Lasting friendship;[2] affection;[4] comfort[5]
Peony | Bashfulness,[5] happy marriage, prosperity;[4] shame[8]
Prosperity, honor (in China)
Masculinity, bravery (in Japan)
Periwinkle | Early and sincere friendship, tender recollections[8][6]
Peruvian Lily | Wealth, fortune, prosperity, friendship
Phlox | Harmony, unanimity, "our souls are united"[4][8][6]
Pine
general | Philosophy[8]
Pitch pine | Time and faith[6]
Plum blossom | Beauty and longevity; "Keep your promises";[7] fidelity[5]
Plumeria | Perfection, springtime, new beginnings
Poinsettia | Brilliance[8]
Primrose | Eternal love; Childhood;[5][7][8] I can't live without you[4]
Protea | Courage, transformation, daring, resourcefulness, diversity
Poppy | general | Sleep, consolation, death;[11] Oblivion, imagination;[4] evanescent pleasures, fantastic extravagance[6]
red | Pleasure;[4] sacrifice, remembrance; the blood of fallen soldiers[11]
white | Dreams, modern, peace; "my bane, my antidote";[7] consolation;[4] time[5]
yellow | Wealth, success[4]
Queen Anne's Lace | Haven, sanctuary;[4] complexity, delicateness
Queen of the Night | Enjoy small moments because they do not last; transient beauty[8]
Ragged-robin | Wit[5][8][4]
Rainflower | Rebirth, new beginnings, great expectations[18]
Ranunculus | "You are radiant with charms";[5][7][4] ingratitude[8]
Rhododendron | Danger, beware, I am dangerous[3][5][4]
Rose | general | Love;[3][5] silence, privacy, conversations held in confidence [19]
red | True love;[4] bashful love[6]
black | Death, hatred, despair, sorrow, mystery, danger, obsession
blue | Mystery, attaining the impossible, love at first sight
burgundy | Unconscious beauty[5][4]
pink | Grace
dark pink | Gratitude[4]
light pink | Desire, passion, joy of life, youth, energy; grace[4]
coral or orange | Desire, fascination[4]
lavender or violet | Love at first sight; enchantment[4]
yellow | Friendship, joy, gladness;[4] apology, intense emotion, undying love; extreme betrayal, a broken heart, infidelity, jealousy[5][7]
white | I am worthy of you;[5] secrecy[8]
dried white rose | Sorrow; death is preferable to loss of virtue;[4] transient impressions[5]
red and white together | Unity[5][4]
red and yellow together | Joy, happiness and excitement
thornless | Love at first sight[5][4]
dead | sweet memories[6]
bud (red) | Beauty, purity, love, youth[5][4]
bud (white) | Girlhood;[5] a heart unacquainted with love[3]
bud (moss) | Confession of love[6]
Austrian | "Thou art all that is lovely," loveliness[5][8][6]
bridal | Happy love[5][6]
Carolina | Love is dangerous[5]
China | Beauty always new[5]
Damask | Brilliant complexion;[5] blushing beauty[8]
dog | Pleasure and pain[5]
Hundred-leaved (also called cabbage rose or moss rose) | Grace;[3] Pride;[5] ambassador of love;[5] superior merit[6]
Maiden's blush | "If you love me you will find out"[5]
Multiflora | Grace[5]
Musk | Capricious beauty,[3] (in a cluster) charming[5][8]
Rosemary | Remembrance;[5][8][6][4] "Your presence revives me"[7]
Rue | Regret, sorrow, repentance;[8] grace, clear vision; disdain[5]
Sage | Health, wisdom, respect;[7] domestic virtue;[5][8] esteem[3]
Sainfoin | Agitation[3][5]
Scabius | Unfortunate attachment,[5][8] I have lost all,[2] widowhood[6]
Schinus | Religious enthusiam[5]
Sensitive plant | Sensitivity, modesty;[8] timidity;[4] sensibility[5]
Shamrock | Good luck; the Trinity (in Christianity), the three departments of nature, sea, earth, and heaven (among Irish druids), protection from snakes;[11] light heartedness[5][8][4]
Snapdragon | Presumption,[5][8][7] deception, a gracious lady[4]
Snowdrop | Consolation or hope;[5][8][7][4] Youthful love and simplicity (in Germany), hope and friendship in adversity (in France), purity, humility, and innocence (in England);[11] friend in need[6]
Speedwell | Travel, kindness, protection; (female) loyalty[5][8][7][4]
Spider lily
red | abandonment, loss, separation, death and the cycle of rebirth. It's commonly referred to as the Flower of Death
white | Positive nature, new beginnings, good health and rebirth
yellow | Happiness, light, wisdom, gratitude, strength, everlasting friendship
pink | Feminine love, beauty and passion
Spiderwort | "Esteem not love";[5] transient happiness[8]
Spindle tree | Your image is engraved on my heart[3][5][2][7]
St John's Wort | Superstition;[7][3] animosity[5][6]
Star of Bethlehem | Atonement, reconciliation;[8][4] purity;[3][5][7] guidance[6]
Straw | United, union;[7] (broken) a broken agreement[4]
Statice | Remembrance,[4] sympathy, success
Stock
| Lasting beauty, "you'll always be beautiful to me," a happy life, bonds of affection[3][5][7][6][4]
Ten-week stock | Promptness[3][5]
Stonecrop | Tranquility[3][5][7][4]
Sunflower | Loft thoughts;[8] adoration and pride;[5][4] false riches[3][6]
Sweetbrier | Simplicity (American), a wound to heal (European);[5][6] poetry;[3][5] home[8]
Sweetpea | Delicate pleasures;[5] departure[6]
Sweet sultan | Felicity, happiness;[3][5] felicity[8]
Sweet William | Finesse,[3][8] gallantry[5][6]
Tansy | I declare war on you;[3][5][7] resistance[8]
Thistle | Nobility, endurance, warning;[20] surliness;[3][7] austerity[5][8]
Thorn-apple | Disguise, deceitful charms;[3][5][8][6][7] "I dreamed of thee"[4]
Thrift | Sympathy[3][5][8][7][4]
Thyme | Activity[3][5]
Tuberose | Dangerous pleasures;[3][5][6] voluptuousness;[8] a sweet voice[6]
Tulip-tree | Fame
Tulip | general | Consuming love (in Turkey and India), inconstancy (in Turkey);[11] love and passion[5][4]
red | Declaration of love[8][4]
pink | Caring, Good wishes, Friendship, Joyful Occasions, Confidence
purple | Nobility/Royalty, Rebirth, Spring
white | Forgiveness, Remembrance, Sincerity; "I am worthy of you"[4]
yellow | Cheerful thoughts, Sunshine, Hope, Desperate love, "There's sunshine in your smile";[4] hopeless love[5]
blue | Respect, Tranquility, Trust
orange | Understanding, Appreciation, Truest love
black | Power, Strength, Supreme elegance
variegated | Beautiful eyes,[5][4] a declaration of love[6]
Valerian | Readiness, an accommodating disposition[3][5][8][7]
Venus' Looking Glass | Flattery[3][5][8][7]
Vervain | Enchantment;[3][5][7][4] sensibility, sensitivity[8][6]
Violet | blue | Faithfulness, watchfulness, I'll always be true[5][6][4]
purple | Daydreaming, love between two women, lesbian love
yellow | Rural happiness[5]
white | Modesty, innocence, candor;[3][6][7] let's take a chance[4]
sweet | Modesty[5]
Virgin's bower | Filial affection;[8] mental beauty, artifice[6]
Volkameria | May you be happy[5]
Wallflower | Changless affection and fidelity in misfortune[3][5][8][6][11][4]
Walnut | Intellect, stratagem[3][5]
Water lily | Purity of heart;[5] eloquence[8]
Willow
Creeping | Love foresaken[5]
French | Bravery and humanity[5]
Weeping | Mourning[3][5][8]
Willowherb | Pretension[5]
Winged seeds (any kind) | Messengers
Winterberry | Protection, luck
Wisteria | Welcoming[4]
Witch-hazel | A magic spell[5][8][4]
Woad | Design[8]
Wheat | Wealth and prosperity[5][8]
Wolfsbane | Misanthropy, chivalry;[4] knight-errantry[8]
Wood sorrel | Joy,[3] maternal tenderness[5]
Wormwood | Absence,[3][5][8] bitter sorrow,[7] do not be discouraged[4]
Xanthium | Rudeness, pertinacity[5]
Xeranthemum | Cheerfulness under adversity[5]
Yarrow | Healing;[4] war[8]
Yew | Sorrow[3][5][8]
Ylang-Ylang | Never-ending love
Zinnia | Thinking of you; remembering absent friends,[5][8][6] sentimentality[4]

## See also

[edit]

* Language of flowers – cryptological communication through the use or arrangement of flowers
* Hanakotoba, also known as 花言葉 – Japanese form of the language of flowers
* List of national flowers – flowers that represent specific geographic areas
* Plants in culture – uses of plants by humansPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* Narcissus in culture \- uses of narcissus flowers by humans
* Lime tree in culture \- uses of the lime (linden) tree by humans
* Rose symbolism \- a more expansive list of symbolic meanings of the rose
* Apple (symbolism) \- a more expansive list of symbolic means for apples

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "This Flower has not been proven to exist Secretflowerlanguage.com (2021)".
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg The Language of Flowers: An Alphabet of Floral Emblems (1857). London: T. Nelson and Sons. 1857.
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw Dumont, Henrietta (1851). The language of flowers; The floral offering ; a token of affection and esteem; comprising the language and poetry of flowers. Philadelphia: H. C. Peck & Theo. Bliss.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff "Flower Meanings". AllFlorists. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih Burke, L. (1865). The Miniature Language of Flowers. London: George Routledge and Sons.
6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl Flowers, their language, poetry, and sentiment, with choicest extracts from poets : a dictionary of the sentiment of every flower, botanical descriptions, &c. Philadelphia: Porter & Coates. 1870.
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd Folkard, Richard (1892). Plant lore, legends, and lyrics. Embracing the myths, traditions, superstitions, and folklore of the plant kingdom. London: Sampson Low, Marston and Company. pp. 185–188.
8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy Turner, Cordelia (1884). Cyclopedia of practical floriculture. New York: Townsend Mac Coun.
9. ^ "The Rose And The Amaranth". Mythfolklore.net. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
10. ^ P., Rebekah (17 April 2020). "Amaryllis Flower Meaning and Symbolism". Florgeous. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Deas, Lizzie (1898). Flower Favourites: Their Legends, Symbolism and Significance. London: Chiswick Press.
12. ^ "Eyebright Plant meaning". Flora Ritualis. 2022-11-03. Retrieved 2023-07-19.
13. ^ Thomas, Vivian and Fair lots, Nicki, Shakespeare's Plants and Gardens: A Dictionary (Arden Shakespeare Dictionaries), Bloomsbury Academic (London) 2014, p. 85
14. ^ "Foxglove Symbolism and the Meaning of Foxgloves in the Language of Flowers". Livingartsoriginals.com. 2010-09-14. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
15. ^ "flowers with negative meanings". Harvestindoor.com. 15 January 2023.
16. ^ https://inf.news/en/culture/f67525981e0834707ddfaf75cb5e5d6e.html Retrieved at 9.35 on Thursday 13/1/22.
17. ^ Candace Hunter (2010-06-20). "Nettle Myth, Folklore, History, and Magic". Thepracticalherbalist.com. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
18. ^ "zephyranthes". AtoZFlowers. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
19. ^ Friend, Hilderic (1884). Flowers and Flower Lore. London: W. S. Sonnenschein. p. 212.
20. ^ "The Scottish Thistle - Why It's The Perfect National Flower". Scottish-at-heart.com. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-04-22.

* The Fortunate Fortune Flower Plant: A Comprehensive Guide
* Symbols Dictionary: Flowers and Plants
* Symbolism of Plants, Trees, and Herbs
* [1]
* [2]
* [3]
* [4]
* [5]
* [6]
* [7]

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