List of political parties in India

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India has a multi-party system. The Election Commission of India (ECI) accords to national-level and state-level political parties based upon objective criteria. A recognised political party enjoys privileges like a reserved party symbol,[a] free broadcast time on state-run television and radio, consultation in the setting of election dates, and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations. Other political parties that wish to contest local, state, or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India. Registered parties are upgraded as recognised national parties or state parties by the ECI if they meet the relevant criteria after a Lok Sabha or state legislative assembly election. The recognised party status is reviewed periodically by the ECI.

Before the amendment in 2016 (which came into force on 1 January 2014), if a political party failed to fulfill the criteria in the subsequent Lok Sabha or state legislative assembly election, they lost their status as a recognised party. In 2016, the ECI announced that such a review would take place after two consecutive elections instead of every election. Therefore, a political party shall retain the recognised party status even if they do not meet the criteria in the next election. However, if they fail to meet the criteria in the subsequent election following the next election, they would lose their status.

As per latest publications dated 23 March 2024 from Election Commission of India, and subsequent notifications, there are 6 national parties,[1] 57 state parties,[2][b] and 2,764 unrecognised parties.[6] All registered parties contesting elections need to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. All 28 states of the country along with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, National Capital Territory of Delhi, and Puducherry have elected governments unless President's rule is imposed under certain condition.

## National parties

[edit]

A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the three conditions listed below:[7]

* The party wins two per cent of seats (11 seats) in the Lok Sabha from at least three different states.
* At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls six per cent of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
* The party gets recognition as a state party in four states.

6 recognised national parties[1] Party  | Flag  | Election
symbol  | Political
position  | Ideology  | Founded  | Leader  | Government in states/UTs  | Seats

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Chief ministers  | Alliance partner  | Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha | State
assemblies | State
councils
| Aam Aadmi Party | AAP |  |  | Centre to centre-left | Populism
Secularism
Composite nationalism
Democratic socialism | November 2012
(11 years ago) (November 2012) | Arvind Kejriwal |

2 / 31

0 / 31

3 / 543

10 / 245

160 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Bahujan Samaj Party | BSP |  |  | Centre to centre-left | Ambedkarism
Self-Respect | April 1984
(40 years ago) (April 1984) | Mayawati |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

1 / 245

5 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Bharatiya Janata Party | BJP |  |  | Right-wing | Hindutva
Neoliberalism
Right-wing populism
Conservatism | April 1980
(44 years ago) (April 1980) | J. P. Nadda |

12 / 31

5 / 31

240 / 543

93 / 245

1,481 / 4,123

165 / 426

| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | CPI(M) |  |  | Left-wing | Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Secularism
Socialism | November 1964
(59 years ago) (November 1964) | Sitaram Yechury |

1 / 31

2 / 31

4 / 543

5 / 245

79 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Indian National Congress | INC |  |  | Centre | Big tent
Secularism
Civic nationalism
Social democracy | December 1885
(138 years ago) (December 1885) | Mallikarjun Kharge |

3 / 31

3 / 31

97 / 543

30 / 245

670 / 4,123

55 / 426

| National People's Party | NPP |  |  | Centre-right | Regionalism
Cultural conservatism | January 2013
(11 years ago) (January 2013) | Conrad Sangma |

1 / 31

3 / 31

0 / 543

1 / 245

44 / 4,123

0 / 426

## State parties

[edit]

A registered party is recognised as a state party only if it fulfils any one of the five conditions listed below:[7]

* A party should secure at least six per cent of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least two seats in that state assembly.
* A party should secure at least six per cent of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least one seat in Lok Sabha.
* A party should win at least three per cent of the total number of seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that state.
* Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures eight per cent or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.

57 recognised state parties[2][b] Party  | Flag  | Election
symbol  | Political
position  | Ideology  | Founded  | Leader(s)  | State(s)  | Government in states/UTs  | Seats

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Chief minister  | Alliance partner  | Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha | State
assemblies | State
councils
State party in three or more states
| All India Trinamool Congress |  |  | Centre | Bengali nationalism
Progressivism
Welfarism
Secularism
Populism | 1998  | Mamata Banerjee | Meghalaya
Tripura
West Bengal |

1 / 31

0 / 31

23 / 543

13 / 245

228 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Communist Party of India |  |  | Left-wing | Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-capitalism
Socialism
Secularism | 1925  | D. Raja | Kerala
Manipur
Tamil Nadu |

0 / 31

4 / 31

2 / 543

2 / 245

22 / 4,123

1 / 426

| Janata Dal (Secular) |  |  | Left-wing | Secularism | 1999  | H. D. Deve Gowda | Arunachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala |

0 / 31

1 / 31

1 / 543

1 / 245

21 / 4,123

8 / 426

| Janata Dal (United) |  |  | Centre-left | Socialism[8]
Secularism[8]
Integral humanism | 2003  | Nitish Kumar | Arunachal Pradesh
Bihar
Manipur |

1 / 31

0 / 31

16 / 543

5 / 245

46 / 4,123

26 / 426

State party in two states
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |  |  | Centre[9] to centre-left[10] | Populism
Socialism
Secularism
Progressivism
Social equality
Tamil nationalism[11][12] | 1972  | Edappadi K. Palaniswami | Puducherry
Tamil Nadu |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

3 / 245

62 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |  |  | Centre-left to left-wing | Social democracy[13]
Dravidianism
Marxism
Social justice[13]
Federalism | 1949  | M. K. Stalin | Puducherry
Tamil Nadu |

1 / 31

0 / 31

23 / 543

10 / 245

138 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Naga People's Front |  |  |  | Regionalism | 2002  | Kuzholuzo Nienu | Manipur
Nagaland |

0 / 31

1 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

7 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Nationalist Congress Party |  |  | Centre | Indian nationalism
Secularism | 1999  | Ajit Pawar | Maharashtra
Nagaland |

0 / 31

2 / 31

1 / 543

1 / 245

49 / 4,123

6 / 426

| Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) |  |  | Centre | Indian nationalism
Secularism | 2024  | Sharad Pawar | Maharashtra
Nagaland |

0 / 31

2 / 31

4 / 543

2 / 245

14 / 4,123

3 / 426

| Rashtriya Janata Dal |  |  | Centre-left to left-wing | Socialism | 1997  | Lalu Prasad Yadav
Tejashwi Yadav | Bihar
Jharkhand |

0 / 31

2 / 31

0 / 543

6 / 245

81 / 4,123

5 / 426

| Telugu Desam Party |  |  | Centre[14] to centre-right[15] | Populism[16]
Economic liberalism[17] | 1982  | N. Chandrababu Naidu | Andhra Pradesh
Telangana |

0 / 31

0 / 31

3 / 543

1 / 245

23 / 4,123

15 / 426

| YSR Congress Party |  |  | Centre-left[18] | Populism[16]
Regionalism | 2011  | Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy | Andhra Pradesh
Telangana |

1 / 31

0 / 31

22 / 543

9 / 245

147 / 4,123

42 / 426

State party in one state
| All India Forward Bloc |  |  | Left-wing | Left-wing nationalism
Socialism
Anti-imperialism
Marxism[19] | 1939  | Debabrata Biswas | West Bengal |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen |  |  | Right-wing[20] | Composite nationalism[21]
Minority rights[22]
Dalit Rights[23]
Constitutionalism[24] | 1927  | Asaduddin Owaisi | Telangana |

0 / 31

0 / 31

2 / 543

0 / 245

10 / 4,123

2 / 426

| All India N.R. Congress |  |  | Centre | Social democracy
Populism | 2011  | N. Rangaswamy | Puducherry |

1 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

10 / 4,123

0 / 426

| All India United Democratic Front |  |  |  |  | 2005  | Badruddin Ajmal | Assam |

0 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

15 / 4,123

0 / 426

| All Jharkhand Students Union |  |  |  |  | 1986  | Sudesh Mahto | Jharkhand |

0 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

2 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Apna Dal (Sonelal) |  |  | Centre-right | Kurmis Interest | 2016  | Anupriya Patel | Uttar Pradesh |

0 / 31

1 / 31

2 / 543

0 / 245

12 / 4,123

1 / 426

| Asom Gana Parishad |  |  | Centre-right | Regionalism
Anti-Bengali sentiment | 1985  | Atul Bora | Assam |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

1 / 245

9 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Bharat Rashtra Samithi |  |  | Centre[25] to centre-right | Regionalism[26]
Populism[27]
Conservatism
Separatism | 2001  | K. Chandrashekar Rao | Telangana |

0 / 31

0 / 31

9 / 543

7 / 245

39 / 4,123

34 / 426

| Biju Janata Dal |  |  | Centre-left | Regionalism[28]
Populism
Secularism[28]
Liberalism[29]
Economic nationalism[30] | 1997  | Naveen Patnaik | Odisha |

1 / 31

0 / 31

12 / 543

9 / 245

111 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Bodoland People's Front |  |  |  | Secularism
Democratic socialism[31] | 2005  | Hagrama Mohilary | Assam |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

3 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation |  |  | Far-left | Communism[32]
Marxism–Leninism
Maoism[32] | 1974  | Dipankar Bhattacharya | Bihar |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

13 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |  |  | Centre to centre-left | Social welfare
Populism
Secularism
Social democracy | 2005  | Premallatha Vijayakant  | Tamil Nadu |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Goa Forward Party |  |  |  | Regionalism | 2016  | Vijai Sardesai | Goa |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Hill State People's Democratic Party |  |  |  |  | 1968  | KP Pangniang  | Meghalaya |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

2 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Indian National Lok Dal |  |  | Centre | Social liberalism
Regionalism | 1996  | Om Prakash Chautala | Haryana |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Indian Union Muslim League |  |  | Centre-right[33] | Muslim interests
Social conservatism | 1948  | Hyderali Shihab Thangal | Kerala |

0 / 31

0 / 31

3 / 543

1 / 245

15 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Indigenous People's Front of Tripura |  |  | Centre-right | Regionalism
Ethnic nationalism
Anti-immigration | 2009  | N.C. Debbarma | Tripura |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |  |  |  | Kashmiriyat
Kashmiri autonomy
Secularism | 1932  | Farooq Abdullah | Jammu and Kashmir |

0 / 31

0 / 31

3 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |  |  |  | Democracy[34][35]
Anti-corruption[34][35]
Secularism[36]
Women's rights | 1982  | Bhim Singh | Jammu and Kashmir |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party |  |  |  | Kashmiriyat
Kashmiri autonomy[37]
Regionalism | 1999  | Mehbooba Mufti | Jammu and Kashmir |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Janta Congress Chhattisgarh |  |  | Left-wing | Social justice
Feminism
Direct democracy
Agrarianism | 2016  | Renu Jogi | Chhattisgarh |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

2 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Jannayak Janta Party |  |  |  | Democratic socialism | 2018  | Dushyant Chautala | Haryana |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

10 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |  |  |  |  | 1972  | Shibu Soren
Hemant Soren | Jharkhand |

1 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

2 / 245

30 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Kerala Congress (M) |  |  |  | Welfare[38]
Democratic socialism[39] | 1979  | Jose K. Mani | Kerala |

0 / 31

1 / 31

1 / 543

1 / 245

5 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) |  |  | Centre |  | 2021  | Chirag Paswan | Nagaland |

0 / 31

1 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

2 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |  |  | Far-right | Hindutva[40]
Right-wing populism[41]
Regionalism[42][43]
Ultranationalism[44][43]
Marathi interests[43] | 2006  | Raj Thackeray | Maharashtra |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |  |  | Centre | Populism
Regionalism | 1963  | Deepak Dhavalikar | Goa |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

2 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Mizo National Front |  |  |  |  | 1961  | Zoramthanga | Mizoram |

0 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

1 / 245

10 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party |  |  | Right | Regionalism | 2017  | Neiphiu Rio | Nagaland |

1 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

25 / 4,123

0 / 426

| People's Party of Arunachal |  |  |  | Regionalism | 1977  | Kamen Ringu | Arunachal Pradesh |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Rashtriya Loktantrik Party |  |  |  |  | 2018  | Hanuman Beniwal | Rajasthan |

0 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

3 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Revolutionary Goans Party |  | Football  |  |  | 2022  | Viresh Borkar | Goa |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Revolutionary Socialist Party |  |  | Far-left | Communism
Marxism–Leninism[45]
Revolutionary socialism | 1940  | Manoj Bhattacharya[46] | Kerala |

0 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Samajwadi Party |  |  | Left-wing[47][48] | Social democracy[49]
Democratic socialism
Left-wing populism[50]
Social conservatism | 1992  | Akhilesh Yadav | Uttar Pradesh |

0 / 31

0 / 31

3 / 543

4 / 245

112 / 4,123

9 / 426

| Shiromani Akali Dal |  |  | Centre-right | Punjabiyat[51][52]
Conservatism[53]
Federalism[54][55] | 1920  | Sukhbir Singh Badal | Punjab |

0 / 31

0 / 31

2 / 543

0 / 245

3 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Sikkim Democratic Front |  |  | Centre-left
to left-wing | Democratic socialism | 1993  | Pawan Kumar Chamling | Sikkim |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

1 / 245

1 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Sikkim Krantikari Morcha |  |  |  | Democratic socialism | 2013  | Prem Singh Tamang | Sikkim |

1 / 31

0 / 31

1 / 543

0 / 245

19 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Shiv Sena |  |  | Right-wing to Far-right | Nationalism

Hindutva
Hindu Nationalism
Marathi
Regionalism
Social Conservatism
Conservatism
Ultranationalism
Economic Nationalism
Right-wing Populism

| 1966  | Eknath Shinde | Maharashtra |

1 / 31

0 / 31

13 / 543

0 / 245

40 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) |  |  | Centre-right to right-wing | Secular Hindutva
Nationalism
Marathi Regionalism
Composite Nationalism | 2022  | Uddhav Thackeray | Maharashtra |

0 / 31

0 / 31

6 / 543

3 / 245

17 / 4,123

12 / 426

| Tipra Motha Party |  |  |  | Tripuri nationalism
Greater Tipraland | 2019  | Pradyot Bikram Manikya Deb Barma | Tripura |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

13 / 4,123

0 / 426

| United Democratic Party |  |  |  | Regionalism
Populism | 1997  | Metbah Lyngdoh | Meghalaya |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

11 / 4,123

0 / 426

| United People's Party Liberal |  |  | Centre | Regionalism | 2015  | Urkhao Gwra Brahma | Assam |

0 / 31

1 / 31

0 / 543

1 / 245

7 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Voice of the People Party |  |  |  | Regionalism
Federalism | 2021  | Ardent Miller Basaiawmoit | Meghalaya |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

4 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Zoram Nationalist Party |  |  | Centre | Regionalism | 1997  | H. Lalrinmawia  | Mizoram |

0 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

0 / 4,123

0 / 426

| Zoram People's Movement |  |  |  | Anti Hindutva-Nationalism
Secularism
Conservative Christianity
Christian right | 2017  | Lalduhoma | Mizoram |

1 / 31

0 / 31

0 / 543

0 / 245

27 / 4,123

0 / 426

## Unrecognised parties

[edit]

Notable registered unrecognised political parties (RUPPs)[6] Party  | Founded  | Leader(s)  | States

|
|
|

Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha | 1915  | Jagan b  | All-India
All India Hindustan Congress Party | 2015  | Buddh Prakash Sharma  | Gujarat
Rajasthan
All India Mahila Empowerment Party | 2017  | Nowhera Shaik | Telangana
Karnataka
Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazhagam | 2018  | T. T. V. Dhinakaran | Tamil Nadu
Amra Bangali | 1983  | Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar | West Bengal
Tripura
Azad Adhikar Sena | 2022  | Amitabh Thakur, Dr Nutan Thakur | Uttar Pradesh
Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) | 2020  | Chanda Shekhar Azad | Uttar Pradesh
Bahujan Mukti Party | 2012  | V. L. Matang  | Bihar
Uttar Pradesh
Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh | 1983  | Sundar Shaekhar  | Maharashtra
Gorkha Janmukti Morcha | 2007  | Bimal Gurung  | West Bengal
Goa Suraksha Manch | 2016  | Subhash Velingkar | Goa
Gondwana Ganatantra Party | 1991  | Hira Singh Markam | Chhattisgarh
Jharkhand
Maharashtra
Hindu Sena | 2011  | Vishnu Gupta | New Delhi
Hindustani Awam Morcha[56] | 2015  | Jitan Ram Manjhi | Bihar
Indiya Jananayaka Katchi | 2010  | T. R. Paarivendhar | Tamil Nadu
Indian Gandhiyan Party | 2012  | Aashin U S  | Kerala
Indian Secular Front | 2021  | Nawsad Siddique | West Bengal
Ittehad-e-Millat Council | 2001  | Tauqeer Raza Khan | Uttar Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party | 2020  | Altaf Bukhari | Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party | 2020  | Mir Junaid  | Jammu and Kashmir
Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)[57] | 2015  | Pappu Yadav | Bihar
Uttar Pradesh
Jan Shakti Party of India[58] | 2015  | Gurjeet Singh Azad  | Punjab
Jana Sena Party | 2014  | Pawan Kalyan | Andhra Pradesh
Telangana
Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik) | 2018  | Raghuraj Pratap Singh | Uttar Pradesh
Karnataka Rashtra Samithi | 2019  | Ravi Krishna Reddy  | Karnataka
Kerala Congress | 1964  | P. J. Joseph | Kerala
Kerala Congress (B) | 1989  | R. Balakrishna Pillai | Kerala
Kerala Congress (Jacob) | 1991  | Anoop Jacob | Kerala
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi | 2013  | E. R. Eswaran | Tamil Nadu
Kongunadu Makkal Katchi | 2000  | A. M. Raja  | Tamil Nadu
Lok Satta Party | 2006  | Jaya Prakash Narayana | Andhra Pradesh
Telangana
Lok Insaaf Party | 2019  | Simarjit Singh Bains | Punjab
Makkal Needhi Maiam | 2018  | Kamal Haasan | Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
Manipur Peoples Party | 1968  | Sovakiran N.  | Manipur
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi | 2009  | M. H. Jawahirullah | Tamil Nadu
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 1992  | Vaiko | Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
Naam Tamilar Katchi | 2009  | Senthamizhan Seeman | Tamil Nadu
Puducherry
NISHAD Party | 2016  | Sanjay Nishad  | Uttar Pradesh
Odisha Jan Morcha | 2013  | Pyarimohan Mohapatra | Odisha
Param Digvijay Dal | 2014  | Krishna Mohan Shankar Yogi  | Uttar Pradesh
Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1989  | S. Ramadoss | Puducherry
Tamil Nadu
Peace Party of India | 2008  | Mohamed Ayub | Uttar Pradesh
People's Democratic Alliance (Manipur) | 2012  | Bd. Behring Anal  | Manipur
People's Democratic Front | 2001  | Ajoy Biswas | Tripura
Plurals Party | 2020  | Pushpam Priya Choudhary  | Bihar
Puthiya Tamilagam | 1996  | K. Krishnasamy | Tamil Nadu
Raijor Dal | 2020  | Akhil Gogoi | Assam
Rashtriya Jan Jan Party | 2020  | Ashutosh Kumar  | Bihar
Rashtriya Lok Dal | 1996  | Jayant Chaudhary | Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Rashtriya Mahaswaraj Bhumi Party | 2023  | Shahid Siddiqui  | Maharashtra
Gujarat
Rashtriya Samaj Paksha | 2003  | Mahadev Jankar | Maharashtra
Kerala
Rashtriya Ulama Council | 2008  | Aamir Rashadi Madni | Uttar Pradesh
Republican Party of India (Athawale) | 1999  | Ramdas Athawale | Nagaland
Right to Recall Party | 2019  | Rahul Chimanbhai Mehta | All-India
Samata Party | 1994  | Uday Mandal[59] | Bihar
Manipur[60]
Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) | 1994  | Simranjit Singh Mann | Punjab
Social Democratic Party of India | 2009  | M.K. Faizy  | Karnataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
Socialist Party (India) | 2011  | Thampan Thomas | Uttar Pradesh
Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) | 1948  | Provash Ghosh | All-India
Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party | 2002  | Om Prakash Rajbhar | Uttar Pradesh
Bihar
Swaraj Abhiyan | 2016  | Yogendra Yadav | Haryana
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Tamil Maanila Congress | 1996  | G. K. Vasan | Tamil Nadu
Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam | 2024  | Vijay | Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu Kongu Ilaingar Peravai | 2001  | U. Thaniyarasu | Tamil Nadu
Uttarakhand Kranti Dal | 1979  | Kashi Singh Airy | Uttarakhand
Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi | 2018  | Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar | Maharashtra
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi | 1982  | Thol. Thirumavalavan | Tamil Nadu
Vikassheel Insaan Party | 2018  | Mukesh Sahani | Bihar
Welfare Party of India | 2011  | S. Q. R. Ilyas  | Kerala

## Defunct political parties

[edit]

Party  | flag  | Election symbol  | Ideology  | Founded  | Dissolved

|
|
|
|
|

Scheduled Castes Federation |  |  | Social equality
Social justice | 1942  | 1957
Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress |  |  |  | 1945  | 1957
Socialist Party of India  |  |  | Socialism | 1948  | 1952
Lok Sewak Sangh |  |  |  | 1948  | 1971
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad |  |  | Hindu nationalism | 1948  | 1971
All India Ganatantra Parishad |  |  | Liberalism
Agrarianism | 1950  | 1962
Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party |  |  |  | 1951  | 1954
Commonweal Party |  |  |  | 1951  | 1954
People's Democratic Front |  |  | Communism
Marxism–Leninism | 1951  | 1958
Krishikar Lok Party |  |  |  | 1951  | 1959
Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party |  |  | Regionalism | 1951  | 1960
Bharatiya Jana Sangh |  |  | Hindu nationalism
National conservatism | 1951  | 1977
Praja Socialist Party |  |  | Socialism | 1952  | 1972
Swatantra Party |  |  | Liberal conservatism
Secularism | 1959  | 1974
Samyukta Socialist Party |  |  | Socialism | 1964  | 1977
Bangla Congress |  |  |  | 1967  | 1971
Bharatiya Kranti Dal |  |  |  | 1967  | 1974
Utkal Congress |  |  |  | 1969  | 1974
Indian National Congress (Organisation) |  |  |  | 1969  | 1977
Pragati Legislature Party |  |  |  | 1973  | 1974
Congress for Democracy |  |  |  | 1977  | 1977
Janata Party (Secular) or Dalit Mazdoor Kisan Party or Lok Dal |  |  | Secularism | 1979 (JPE-S),
1984 (DMKP),
1980, 1985 (LD)  | 1988
Indian Congress (Socialist) |  |  |  | 1978  | 1986
Indian National Congress (U) |  |  |  | 1979  | 1981
Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) |  |  |  | 1981  | 1988
Jan Morcha |  |  |  | 1987  | 1988
Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani |  |  |  | 1988  | 1989
Janata Dal |  |  |  | 1988  | 1999
Lok Shakti |  |  |  | 1998  | 2003
Lok Janshakti Party |  |  |  | 2000  | 2021
Loktantrik Janata Dal |  |  |  | 2018  | 2022

## See also

[edit]

* Lists of political parties
* List of communist parties in India

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ If a party is recognised as a national or state party, its symbol is reserved for its exclusive use in the country or in the state.[1][2]
2. ^ a b There were 60 state parties listed in publication issued by the Election Commission of India on 23 March 2024. However 2 out of 60 parties (Rashtriya Lok Samata Party[3] and People's Democratic Front[4]) have merged with other parties. Additionally, the name and symbol of Lok Janshakti Party has been frozen until final order is passed by ECI regarding its split into two new parties.[5]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c "List of National Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
2. ^ a b c "List of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
3. ^ "Upendra Kushwaha's Rashtriya Lok Samata Party merges with JD(U)". The Economic Times. 15 March 2021. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
4. ^ "PDF merges with ruling NPP in Meghalaya". The Economic Times. 7 May 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
5. ^ "Lok Janshakti Party - Interim Order". Election Commission of India. 2 October 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
6. ^ a b "List of RUPPs" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
7. ^ a b "The Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
8. ^ a b "Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!". Daily News and Analysis. 10 April 2014.
9. ^ "AIADMK". The Times of India. 16 March 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
10. ^ Ogden, Chris (20 June 2019). A Dictionary of Politics and International Relations in India. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-253915-1. Archived from the original on 9 March 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2022. "All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (Tamil: 'All India Anna Dravidian Progress Federation') A political party. It was established in 1972..."
11. ^ Price, P. (1996). Revolution and Rank in Tamil Nationalism. The Journal of Asian Studies, 55(2), 359-383. doi:10.2307/2943363
12. ^ Pamela Price (1999) Relating to leadership in the Tamil nationalist movement: C.N. Annadurai in person‐centred propaganda, South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 22:2, 149-174, doi:10.1080/00856409908723369
13. ^ a b Kannan, Ramya (8 August 2018). "M. Karunanidhi: From health care to community living, his schemes were aimed at social equality". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
* "Social Equality was Karunanidhi's Focus During Five Terms as Tamil Nadu CM". News18. 11 March 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
14. ^ "Tumultuous transition". 27 May 2017.
15. ^ "Why no centre-right political party in India today?". 16 February 2014.
16. ^ a b "Encyclopedia Britannica". February 2024.
17. ^ Price, Pamela; Srinivas, Dusi (August 2014). Piliavsky, Anastasia (ed.). "Patronage and autonomy in India's deepening democracy". Cambridge University Press: 217–236. doi:10.1017/CBO9781107296930.011. ISBN 9781107296930.
18. ^ "This is how Jagan Reddy has turned into a political juggernaut in Andhra". 25 September 2021.
19. ^ "Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
20. ^ "Though BJP and AIMIM are ideologically apart they share a few similarities".
21. ^ "Will fight back to save India's composite culture, Constitution: Asaduddin Owaisi". 26 May 2019.
22. ^ "Minority Upliftment".
23. ^ "AIMIM eyes minorities and Dalits in Malda".
24. ^ "AIMIM want to confront Hindu nationalism with Indian Constitution: Owaisi". Business Standard India. 8 February 2021.
25. ^ "Centrist polity of TRS".
26. ^ Hyderabad, K. VENKATESHWARLU in (23 April 2004). "Regionalism and sub-regionalism". Frontline. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
27. ^ "One year of Telangana a mixed bag for KCR". The Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018. "The Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), led by Chandrasekhar Rao, took over the reins of the new state amid euphoria and high expectations. ... Blending boldness with populism, KCR has earned the reputation for being a tough task master"
28. ^ a b "Biju Janata Dal". Encyclopædia Britannica. 27 January 2024.
29. ^ "Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!". Daily News and Analysis. 10 April 2014. "Founded in December 1997, the Biju Janata Dal or the BJD is a regional political party of India. Having split from the larger faction Janata Dal, the party stands by democracy and liberalism."
30. ^ Capron, Laurence; Guillén, Mauro (12 October 2006). "Fighting economic nationalism in deals". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
31. ^ "IDEOLOGY & FLAG". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
32. ^ a b "General Programme of CPI(ML)". Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website. 6 April 2013. Archived from the original on 8 April 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
33. ^ "A coloured scheme of things". Archived from the original on 19 July 2023.
34. ^ a b "History". JK Panthers Party. Archived from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
35. ^ a b PTI (9 November 2010). "SC upholds freeze on delimitation in J&K till 2026". The Hindu.
36. ^ "Headlines Today". Panther party MLAs disrupt house in Jammu and Kashmir assembly. 28 August 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2015 - via youtube.com.
37. ^ Jammu Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party. "Self Rule". Retrieved 16 October 2020.
38. ^ "KM Mani: The man behind the 'Theory of the Toiling Class'". The New Indian Express. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
39. ^ "K M Mani honoured at British Parliament Hall". The New Indian Express. 7 September 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
40. ^ "Raj Thackeray goes right ahead with 'Hindutva'and development agenda for MNS". CanIndia. 23 January 2020. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
41. ^ Bedi, Tarini (2016). The Dashing Ladies of Shiv Sena. SUNY Press. p. 42.
42. ^ "Munde still keen on alliance with MNS". Hindustan Times. 2 March 2011.
43. ^ a b c "Maharashtra Navnirman Sena". Election MS. 29 March 2019.
44. ^ "How Pakistan Fell in Love With Bollywood". Foreign Policy. 15 March 2010.
45. ^ Bidyut Chakrabarty (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 61\. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
46. ^ "Indian citizenship act against humanity: Manoj Bhattacharya". prothomalo.com. March 2020.
47. ^ "Left wing triumphs in Uttar Pradesh election". Financial Times. 6 March 2012. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. "The big winner in the Uttar Pradesh state election was the regional leftwing Samajwadi party"
48. ^ "Indian MPs held hostage in caste struggle". The Independent. 21 June 1995.
49. ^ Singh, Mahendra Prasad; Saxena, Rekha (2003). India at the Polls: Parliamentary Elections in the Federal Phase. Orient Blackswan. p. 78\. ISBN 978-8-125-02328-9.
50. ^ "Mulayam's son Prateek Yadav attracts eye balls during ride in Rs 5 crore Lamborghini". Zee News. 14 January 2017.
51. ^ "SAD aims to widen reach, to contest UP poll". The Tribune. Chandigarh. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
52. ^ Pandher, Sarabjit (3 September 2013). "In post-Independence India, the SAD launched the Punjabi Suba morcha in the 1960s, seeking the re-organisation of Punjab on linguistic basis". The Hindu. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
53. ^ Grover, Verinder (1996). Encyclopaedia of India and Her States: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Punjab, Volume 4. Deep & Deep. p. 578.
54. ^ "Parkash Singh Badal calls for 'genuinely federal structure' for country". The Economic Times. 7 December 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
55. ^ Bharti, Vishav (6 August 2019). "Article 370: SAD 'dumps' its core ideology of federalism". The Tribune. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
56. ^ "Manjhi's HAM recognised by poll panel". The Statesman. 19 July 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
57. ^ "Allotment of Common Symbol -10B letter dt 15.9.15" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
58. ^ "June 2015 Notification" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 2. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
59. ^ "महंगाई व बेरोजगारी के खिलाफ किया प्रदर्शन". www.livehindustan.com. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
60. ^ "SAMATA PARTY – Official Website". Archived from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Subrata K. Mitra and V. B. Singh. 1999. Democracy and Social Change in India: but parties have to be 70per of decision A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi: Sage Publications. ISBN 81-7036-809-X (India HB) ISBN 0-7619-9344-4 (U.S. HB).
* Subrata K. Mitra, Mike Enskat, Clemens Spiess (eds.). 2004. Political Parties in South Asia. Greenwood: Praeger.
* Political Parties, Democratic Politics II, Textbook in Political Science for Class X, NCERT

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Unrecognized
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* Pattali Makkal Katchi
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* Tipraha Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance
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