List of political parties in Switzerland

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Political positions of the Swiss political parties based on their referendum voting recommendations, 1985–90 and 2010–14

This is a list of political parties in Switzerland.

Switzerland has a multi-party system. Since 1959, the four largest parties have formed a coalition government, according to a Zauberformel or "magic formula". This arithmetic formula divides the seven cabinet seats among representatives of the four largest parties.[1]

## Political parties in Switzerland

[edit]

### Federal and cantonal parliaments

[edit]

The following parties are represented in the Swiss Federal Assembly or cantonal parliaments and executive councils as of 2024.[2][3][4] For their names in the four national languages of Switzerland, see #Names in the national languages below.

For more detailed information on the political positions of some of the parties listed below, see here:[5] For Swiss political party strength on the municipal level, see here:[6]

Party  | Website  | Leader  | Main ideology  | Position  | Members in

|
|
|
|
|

Federal Council | Council of States | National Council | Cantonal executives | Cantonal legislatures | Members
| SVP/UDC | Swiss People's Party | svp.ch | Marco Chiesa | National conservatism | Right-wing |

2 / 7

6 / 46

62 / 200

27 / 154

574 / 2,544

| 90,000 (2015)[7]
| SP/PS | Social Democratic Party | sp-ps.ch | Cédric Wermuth
Mattea Meyer | Social democracy | Centre-left |

2 / 7

9 / 46

41 / 200

28 / 154

442 / 2,544

| 30,000 (2015)[7]
| FDP/PLR | FDP.The Liberals | fdp.ch | Thierry Burkart | Classical liberalism | Centre to centre-right |

2 / 7

11 / 46

28 / 200

38 / 154

[a] |

512 / 2,544

[a] | 120,000 (2015)[7]
| DM/LC/AdC | The Centre | die-mitte.ch | Gerhard Pfister | Christian democracy | Centre to centre-right |

1 / 7

15 / 46

29 / 200

40 / 154

425 / 2,544

| \-
| GPS/PES | Green Party | gruene.ch | Balthasar Glättli | Green politics | Centre-left to left-wing |

0 / 7

3 / 46

23 / 200

7 / 154

249 / 2,544

| 7,500 (2015)[7]
| GLP/PVL | Green Liberal Party | grunliberale.ch | Jürg Grossen | Green liberalism | Centre |

0 / 7

1 / 46

10 / 200

2 / 154

154 / 2,544

| 3,800 (2015)[7]
| EVP/PEV | Evangelical People's Party | evppev.ch | Lilian Studer | Christian democracy | Centre |

0 / 7

0 / 46

2 / 200

1 / 154

42 / 2,544

| 4,600 (2015)[7]
| Lega | Ticino League | lega-dei-ticinesi.ch | Attilio Bignasca | Ticino regionalism | Right-wing |

0 / 7

0 / 46

1 / 200

2 / 154

14 / 2,544

| 1,500 (2015)[7]
| CSP OW | Christian Social Party of Obwalden | csp-ow.ch | Christian Schäli
Sepp Stalder | Christian left | Centre-left |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 154

1 / 154

6 / 2,544

| 250 (2015)[7]
| PdA/PST/POP | Swiss Party of Labour | pst-pop.ch | Norberto Crivelli  | Communism | Left-wing[8] to far-left |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 200

0 / 154

13 / 2,544

| MCG | Geneva Citizens' Movement | mcge.ch | Ana Roch | Geneva regionalism | Right-wing |

0 / 7

1 / 46

2 / 200

0 / 154

14 / 2,544

| 1,500 (2015)[7]
| Sol | Solidarity | solidarites.ch | –  | Anti-capitalism | Left-wing to far-left |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 200

1 / 154

0 / 2,544

| EDU/UDF | Federal Democratic Union | edu-schweiz.ch | Hans Moser  | Right-wing populism | Right-wing |

0 / 7

0 / 46

2 / 200

0 / 154

21 / 2,544

| 3,000 (2011)[9]
| CSP/PCS | Christian Social Party | csp-pcs.ch | Marius Achermann | Christian left | Centre-left |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 200

1 / 154

14 / 2,544

| 1,500 (2011)[9]
| AL-ZH | Alternative List | al-zh.ch | –  | Socialism | Left-wing |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 200

0 / 154

0 / 2,544

| AL-BE | Alternative Left Bern | al-be.ch | –  | Democratic socialism | Left-wing |

0 / 7

0 / 46

0 / 200

0 / 154

10 / 2,544

| 2,000 (2011)[9]
Total  | 7 | 46 | 200 | 154[b][3] | 2,544[c][4] |

### Minor parties

[edit]

The following groups or parties are not represented at either the cantonal or national level (but may hold positions in municipal parliaments).

Abbr. | Name  | W  | Leader  | Ideology  | Founded  | Popular vote[d]

|
|
|
|
|
|

PPS  |  | Pirate Party | [1] | Jorgo Ananiadis  | Pirate politics, liberalism | 2009  | 0.27% (2019)
SD/DS  |  | Swiss Democrats | [2] | Dr. Michel Dupont, Christoph Spiess  | Right-wing, national conservatism | 1961  | 0.13% (2019)
SLB/MSL  |  | Social Liberal Movement | [3] | Samuel Schmid  | Centre-right, social conservatism | 2011  | 0.1% (2015)
LP/PL  |  | Libertarian Party | [4] | Martin Hartmann  | Libertarianism | 2014  | 0.01% (2019)
FPS/PSL  |  | Freedom Party | [5] | Daniele Weber  | Right-wing, national liberalism | 1984  | n/a
HPS/PHS  |  | Swiss Humanist Party  | [6] | Daniel Horowitz  | Humanist Movement | 1984  | n/a
KVP  |  | Catholic People's Party  | [7] | Lukas Brühwiler-Frésey  | Catholic social teaching | 1994  | n/a
TPS/PSpA  |  | Tierpartei Schweiz | [8] | Thomas Märki  | Animal rights | 2010  | 0.15% (2015)
|  | Parteifrei | [9] | Lukas Harder  | Voluntary association of independent politicians formed for the 2011 elections; opposing party politics | 2011  | 0.19% (2015)
|  | MontagnaViva | [10] | Germano Mattei  | Regionalism (Alpine Ticino)  | 2011  | 0.08% (2015)
|  | Alpenparlament | [11] |  | Alternative medicine | 2011  | 0.06% (2015)
|  | Konfessionslose | [12] |  | Separation of church and state | 2011  | 0.05% (2015)
|  | Volksaktion | [13] | Eric Weber | Right-wing populism (Basel-Stadt)  | 2002  | 0.03% (2015)
|  | La gauche combative | [14][usurped] |  | Communism (Geneva)  | 2002  | 0.03% (2015)
|  | Les Rauraques | [15] |  | Jura separatism (Bernese Jura)  | 2011  | 0.03% (2015)
|  | Mass-Voll | [16] | Nicolas Rimoldi  | Right-Wing, Opponents of Covid-19 measures  | 2021  | 0.53% (2023)

### Historical parties

[edit]

Name  | Ideology  | Active  | Continued as

|
|
|

| Christian Democratic People's Party | Christian democracy, Social conservatism, Support for EU Bilateral Accords  | 1912–2020  | merged to The Centre
| Communist Party of Switzerland | Communism | 1921–1940  | Swiss Party of Labour
| Communist Party of Switzerland/Marxist–Leninists | Communism | 1969–1987  | Libertarian Socialist Party
| Communist Party Opposition | Communism | 1930–1935  | Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
| Conservative Democratic Party | Centre to Centre-right, Conservative liberalism | 2008-2020  | merged to The Centre
| Democratic Party | Direct democracy | 1860–1971  | merged to Swiss People's Party
| Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents (BGB)  | Conservatism, Agrarianism | 1936–1971  | merged to Swiss People's Party
| Eidgenössische Sammlung | Fascism | 1940–1943  |
| Free Democratic Party of Switzerland (FDP/PRD/PLR)  | Classical liberalism, Radicalism | 1894–2009  | merged to The Liberals
| Liberal Party of Switzerland (LPS/PLS)  | Classical liberalism | 1913–2009  | merged to The Liberals
| National Front | Fascism/nationalism | 1930s  | Eidgenössische Sammlung
| National Movement of Switzerland (NBS)  | Nazism | 1940–1941  |
| National Union | Fascism | 1932–1940  |
| Progressive Organizations of Switzerland (POCH)  | Communism | 1969–1993  |
| Republican Movement | Right-wing populism, Christian right | 1971–1989  |
| Ring of Independents (LdU)  | Centrism | 1936–1999  |
| Swiss Nationalist Party | Far-right, ethnic nationalism | 2000–2022  |
| Volkspartei der Schweiz (VPS)  | Neo-Nazism | 1950s  |

## Names in the national languages

[edit]

Abbr. | Party  | German | French | Italian | Romansh

|
|
|
|
|

SVP/UDC  |  | Swiss People's Party | Schweizerische Volkspartei (SVP)  | Union démocratique du Centre (UDC)  | Unione Democratica di Centro (UDC)  | Partida populara Svizra (PPS)
SP/PS  |  | Social Democratic Party | Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz (SP)  | Parti socialiste suisse (PS)  | Partito Socialista Svizzero (PS)  | Partida socialdemocratica da la Svizra (PS)
FDP/PRD  |  | Free Democratic Party | Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei der Schweiz (FDP)  | Parti radical-démocratique suisse (PRD)  | Partito Liberale Radicale (PLR)  | Partida liberaldemocrata da la Svizra (PLD)
Mitte/Centre  |  | The Centre | Die Mitte (DM)  | Le Centre (LC)  | Alleanza del Centro (AdC)  | Allianza dal Center (AdC)
GPS/PES  |  | Green Party | Grüne Partei der Schweiz (Die Grünen)  | Parti écologiste suisse (Les Verts)  | Partito Ecologista Svizzero (I Verdi)  | Partida ecologica svizra (Ils Verds)
CSP/PCS  |  | Christian Social Party | Christlich-soziale Partei (CSP)  | Parti chrétien-social (PCS)  | Partito Cristiano Sociale (PCS)  | Partida cristiansociala da la Svizra (PCS)
CVP/PDC  |  | Christian Democratic People's Party | Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz (CVP)  | Parti démocrate-chrétien suisse (PDC)  | Partito Popolare Democratico (PPD)  | Partida Cristian-democratica da la Svizra (PCD)
BDP/PBD  |  | Conservative Democratic Party | Bürgerlich-Demokratische Partei Schweiz (BDP)  | Parti bourgeois démocratique Suisse (PBD)  | Partito borghese democratico Svizzera (PBD)  | Partida burgais democratica Svizra (PBD)
EVP/PEV  |  | Evangelical People's Party | Evangelische Volkspartei der Schweiz (EVP)  | Parti évangelique suisse (PEV)  | Partito Evangelico Svizzero (PE)  | Partida evangelica svizra (PEV)
FPS/PSL  |  | Freedom Party | Freiheits-Partei der Schweiz (FPS)  | Parti suisse de la liberté (PSL)  | Partito svizzero della Libertà (PSL)  | Partida svizra da la libertad (PSL)
LPS/PLS  |  | Liberal Party | Liberale Partei der Schweiz (LPS)  | Parti libéral suisse (PLS)  | Partito Liberale Svizzero (PLS)  | Partida liberal-conservativa Svizra (PLC)
AL  |  | Alternative Left | Alternative Linke (AL)  | La Gauche (LG)  | La Sinistra (LS)  | Alternativa sanestra (AS)
SD/DS  |  | Swiss Democrats | Schweizer Demokraten (SD)  | Démocrates suisses (DS)  | Democratici Svizzeri (DS)  | Democrats svizers (DS)
Lega  |  | Ticino League | Liga der Tessiner | Ligue des Tessinois | Lega dei Ticinesi | Liga dals Tessinais
EDU/UDF  |  | Federal Democratic Union | Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union (EDU)  | Union démocratique fédérale (UDF)  | Unione Democratica Federale (UDF)  | Uniun democrata federala (UDF)
PdA/PST  |  | Swiss Party of Labour | Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz (PdA)  | Parti suisse du travail – Parti ouvrier et populaire (PST-POP)  | Partito Svizzero del Lavoro – Partito Operaio e Popolare (PC)  | Partida svizra da la lavur (PdL)
GLP/PVL  |  | Green Liberal Party | Grünliberale Partei der Schweiz (GLP)  | Parti vert'libéral (PVL)  | Partito Verde Liberale (PVL)  | Partida verda-liberala (PVL)
MCG  |  | Geneva Citizens' Movement | Genfer Bürgerbewegung | Mouvement citoyens genevois (MCG)  | Movimento dei Cittadini Ginevrini |
CSP OW  |  | Christian Social Party of Obwalden | Christlichsoziale Partei Obwalden (CSP OW)  | Parti chrétien-social d'Obwald |  |
Sol  |  | Solidarity | Solidarität | solidaritéS | Solidarità | Solidaritad
SLB/MSL  |  | Social Liberal Movement | Sozial-Liberale Bewegung | Mouvement socio-libéral | Movimento social-liberale |
SD/DS  |  | Swiss Democrats | Schweizer Demokraten (SD)  | Démocrates suisses (DS)  | Democratici Svizzeri (DS)  | Democrats svizers (DS)
FPS/PSL  |  | Freedom Party | Freiheits-Partei der Schweiz | Parti suisse de la liberté | Partito svizzero della Libertà | Partida Svizra da la Libertad
HPS/PHS  |  | Swiss Humanist Party | Humanistische Partei der Schweiz | Parti Humaniste de la Suisse | Partito Umanista della Svizzera | Partida umanistica da la Svizra
KVP  |  | Catholic People's Party | Katholische Volkspartei | Parti populaire catholique | Partito Popolare Cattolico | Partida populara catolica
PPS  |  | Pirate Party | Piratenpartei Schweiz | Parti Pirate Suisse | Partito Pirata Svizzera | Partida da Pirats Svizra
TPS/PSpA  |  | Tierpartei Schweiz | Tierpartei Schweiz (TPS)  | Parti suisse pour les animaux (PSpA)  | Partito svizzero per gli animali (PSpA)  | Partida svizra d'animals (PSA)
up!  |  | The Swiss Independence Party up! | Unabhängigkeitspartei up! | Parti suisse de l'indépendance | up! Switzerland

Sources: The Swiss Federal Chancellery

## Relative importance

[edit]

### At the federal level

[edit]

* Composition of the National Council by political party, 1919–2023

* Composition of the Federal Council by political party, 1919–2017

### Overall

[edit]

Number of elected representatives by party at the federal, cantonal and communal levels in 2014 (governmental parties)[10] Party  | Number of elected representatives at the federal, cantonal and communal levels

|

FDP.The Liberals |

2,011

Social Democratic Party |

1,863

Swiss People's Party |

1,511

Christian Democratic Party |

1,205

Conservative Democratic Party |

173

## See also

[edit]

* Politics of Switzerland
* List of political parties by country

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b Includes seats held by the FDP and by the Liberal Party in Vaud and Valais where cantonal parties did not merge and retained separate structures
2. ^ Includes independents and small minor parties.
3. ^ Includes independents and small minor parties.
4. ^ 2011 Swiss federal election, where applicable

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Pierre Cormon, Swiss Politics for Complete Beginners, Editions Slatkine, 2014, ISBN 978-2-8321-0607-5, p. 31–32 Archived November 4, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
2. ^ "Eidgenössische Wahlen". Federal Statistical Office (in German). Retrieved 3 November 2024.
3. ^ a b "Kantonsregierungen". Federal Statistical Office (in German). Retrieved 3 November 2024.
4. ^ a b "Kantonsparlamente". Federal Statistical Office (in German). Retrieved 3 November 2024.
5. ^ "Swiss Political Parties Reveal Their Colours". Swissinfo. September 11, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
6. ^ "Städtische Wahlen". Federal Statistical Office (in German). Retrieved 3 November 2024.
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i "The Swiss Confederation — A Brief Guide" (PDF). Federal Chancellery. 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
8. ^ Barbet, Denis; Bonhomme, Marc (2006). La politique mise au Net. ENS Editions. ISBN 9782847880953.
9. ^ a b c Der Bund kurz erklärt (in German). Swiss Confederation. 2011. p. 21\. Archived from the original on 2012-01-24.
10. ^ Kevin Gertsch; Chantal Tauxe (24 December 2014). "L'UDC n'est pas le premier parti de Suisse" [The UDC is not the largest party in Switzerland]. L'Hebdo. pp. 62–63.62-63&rft.date=2014-12-24&rft.au=Kevin+Gertsch&rft.au=Chantal+Tauxe&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+political+parties+in+Switzerland" class="Z3988">

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Pierre Cormon, Swiss Politics for Complete Beginners, Editions Slatkine, 2014. ISBN 978-2-8321-0607-5

## External links

[edit]

* Federal Chancellery

* v
* t
* e

Political parties in Switzerland

National Council
(200 seats)|

| Federal Council|

* Swiss People's Party (62)
* Social Democratic Party (41)
* The Centre (29)
* The Liberals (28)

|

Non-governmental|

* Green Party (23)
* Green Liberal Party (10)
* Evangelical People's Party (2)
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* Ticino League (1)

Council of States
(46 seats)|

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* The Centre (15)
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|

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