List of potentially habitable exoplanets

This article is one of a series on:
Life in the universe
Outline
Planetary habitability in the Solar System

* Venus
* Earth
* Mars
* Europa
* Enceladus
* Titan

Life outside the Solar System

* Potentially habitable exoplanets
* Galactic habitable zone

Habitability of...

* Binary star systems
* Natural satellites
* Neutron star systems
* Red dwarf systems
* K-type main-sequence star systems
* Yellow dwarf systems
* F-type main-sequence star systems

* v
* t
* e

The following list includes some of the potentially habitable exoplanets discovered so far. It is mostly based on estimates of habitability by the Habitable Worlds Catalog (HWC), and data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive. The HWC is maintained by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory at the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo.[1] There is also a speculative list being developed of superhabitable planets.

Surface planetary habitability is thought to require an orbit at the right distance from the host star for liquid surface water to be present, in addition to various geophysical and geodynamical aspects, atmospheric density, radiation type and intensity, and the host star's plasma environment.[2]

## List

[edit]

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This is a list of exoplanets within the circumstellar habitable zone that are either under 10 Earth masses or smaller than 2.5 Earth radii, and thus have a chance of being rocky.[3][1] Note that inclusion on this list does not guarantee habitability, and in particular the larger planets are more unlikely to have a rocky composition.[4] Earth is included for both comparison and reference, while Venus and Mars are included for reference only.

Note that mass and radius values prefixed with "~" have not been measured, but are estimated from a mass-radius relationship.

Object  | Star  | Star type | Mass (M⊕)  | Radius (R⊕)  | Density (g/cm3)  | Flux (F⊕)  | Teq (K)  | Period (days)  | Distance (ly)  | Refs/Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Earth
(reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 1.00 | 1.00 | 5.514 | 1.00 | 255 | 365.25 | 0 | Only planet known to support life.
Venus
(reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.815 | 0.950 | 5.243 | 1.911 | 244.261 | 224.70 | 0.0000042 | [5]
Mars
(reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.107 | 0.533 | 3.934 | 0.431 | 209.8 | 686.98 | 0.0000058 - 0.000042 | [6]
82 G. Eridani d | 82 G. Eridani | G8V  | ≥5.82 |  |  |  |  | 647.6  | 19.7  | [7]
Gliese 12 b | Gliese 12 | M4V | 0.88+0.39
−0.26 | 1.03±0.11 | 4.44 | 1.6±0.2 | 315 | 12.7 | 40 | [8]
Gliese 163 c | Gliese 163 | M3V | ≥6.80 | —  | — | 1.25 | 277 | 25.6 | 49 | [1]
Gliese 180 c | Gliese 180 | M2V | ≥6.40 | —  | — | 0.78 | 239 | 24.3 | 39 | Not confirmed[1][9]
Gliese 180 d | Gliese 180 | M2V | ≥7.56 | —  | — | 0.26 |  | 106.3 | 39 | [1]
Gliese 229 Ac | Gliese 229 A | M1V | ≥8.57 | —  | — | 0.44 | 216 | 121.9 | 18.8 |
Gliese 357 d | Gliese 357 | M2V | ≥6.10 | —  | — | 0.38 | 200 | 55.7 | 31 |
Gliese 433 d | Gliese 433 | M2V | ≥5.22 | —  | — | 1.06 |  | 36.1 | 29.6 | [1]
Gliese 514 b | Gliese 514 | M1V | ≥5.20 | —  | — | 0.28 (0.114−0.79) | 202 | 140.4 | 25 | Highly eccentric[10]
Gliese 555 b | Gliese 555 | M4V | ≥5.46 | —  | — | 0.5 | 214 [11] | 36.2 | 20.4 | Probably a mini-Neptune or an ocean planet[12]
Gliese 625 b | Gliese 625 | M2V | ≥2.82 | —  | — |  |  | 14.628 | 21.1 | Only in HZ if very optimistic models used[13][14][15]
Gliese 667 Cc | Gliese 667 C | M1V | ≥3.81 | ~1.54 | — | 0.88 | 277 | 28.1 | 23.62 | [16][1]
Gliese 1002 b |  Gliese 1002 | M5V | ≥1.08 | ~1.03  | — | 0.67 | 231 | 10.3 | 15.8 | [17]
Gliese 1002 c |  Gliese 1002 | M5V | ≥1.36 | 1.1  | — | 0.26 | 182 | 21.2 | 15.8 | [17][18]
GJ 1061 c | GJ 1061 | M5V | ≥1.74 | ~1.18 | — | 1.45 | 275 | 6.7 | 12 |
GJ 1061 d | GJ 1061 | M5V | ≥1.64 | ~1.16 | — | 0.69 | 218 | 13.0 | 12 |
GJ 3293 d | GJ 3293 | M2V | ≥7.60 | —  | — | 0.59 | 223 | 48.1 | 66 | [1]
HD 40307 g | HD 40307 | K2V | ≥7.09 | —  | — | 0.67 | 226 | 197.8 | 42 | Not confirmed[1][19]
HD 216520 c | HD 216520 | K0V | ≥9.44 | —  | — | 1.28 |  | 154.4 | 64 | [1]
HIP 38594 b | HIP 38594 | M0V | ≥8.10 | —  | — | 1.34 |  | 60.7 | 58 | [1]
K2-9b | K2-9 | M2V | — | 2.25 | — | 1.45 | 279 | 18.4 | 270 | [1][20]
K2-72e | K2-72 | M?V | ~2.21 | 1.29 | — | 1.30 | 261 | 24.2 | 217  | [21]
K2-332b | K2-332 | M?V | — | 2.20 | — | 1.17 |  | 17.7 | 402 | [1]
K2-288Bb | K2-288 B | M3V | 4.27 | 1.91 | — | 0.44 | 207 | 31.4 | 214 | [22]
Kepler-22b | Kepler-22 | G5V | — | 2.38 | — | 1.10 | 261 | 289.9 | 635 | [1][23]
Kepler-62e | Kepler-62 | K2V | 4.5+14.2
−2.6 | 1.61 | — | 1.15 | 264 | 122.4 | 981 | [1][24]
Kepler-62f | Kepler-62 | K2V | 2.8+0.4
−0.4 | 1.41 | — | 0.41 | 204 | 267.3 | 981 | [1][25]
Kepler-155c | Kepler-155 | M0V | — | 2.24 | — | 1.05 |  | 52.7 | 957 | [1]
Kepler-174d | Kepler-174 | K3V | — | 2.19 | — | 0.59 | 206 | 247.4 | 1254 | [1]
Kepler-186f | Kepler-186 | M1V | 1.44+2.33
−1.12 | 1.17 | — | 0.29 | 188 | 129.9 | 579 | [1]
Kepler-283c | Kepler-283 | K5V | — | 1.82 | — | 0.89 | 248 | 92.7 | 1526 | [1]
Kepler-296e | Kepler-296 | K7V | 2.96 | 1.52 | — | 1.41 | 276 | 34.1 | 737 | [1][26][27]
Kepler-296f | Kepler-296 | K7V | — | 1.80 | — | 0.44 | 225 | 63.3 | 737 | [1][28]
Kepler-442b | Kepler-442 | K5V | 2.36+5.9
−1.3 | 1.35 | — | 0.70 | 233 | 112.3 | 1193 | [1]
Kepler-440b | Kepler-440 | K6V | — | 1.91 | — | 1.44 | 273 | 101.1 | 981 | [1]
Kepler-443b | Kepler-443 | K3V | — | 2.35 | — | 0.89 | 247 | 177.7 | 2615 | [1]
Kepler-452b | Kepler-452 | G2V | ~5 | 1.63 | — | 1.11 | 261 | 384.8 | 1799 | Not confirmed[1][29][30][31][32]
Kepler-705b | Kepler-705 | M?V | — | 2.11 | — | 0.77 | 243 | 56.1 | 903 |
Kepler-1229b | Kepler-1229 | M?V | 2.540 | 1.40 | — | 0.32 | 213 | 86.8 | 865  | [1]
Kepler-1410b | Kepler-1410 | K?V | — | 1.78 | — | 1.07 | 274 | 60.9 | 1196 |
Kepler-1540b | Kepler-1540 | K?V | — | 2.49 | — | 0.78 | 250 | 125.4 | 799 |
Kepler-1544 b | Kepler-1544 | K2V | — | 1.78 | — | 0.84 | 248 | 168.8 | 1092 | [1]
Kepler-1606b | Kepler-1606 | G?V | — | 2.07 | — | 1.64 | 277 | 196.4 | 2710 | [33]
Kepler-1649c | Kepler-1649 | M5V | 1.20 | 1.06 | — | 0.75 | 237 | 19.5 | 301  | [34]
Kepler-1652b | Kepler-1652 | M?V | — | 1.60 | — | 0.84 | 244 | 38.1 | 822 |
Kepler-1653b | Kepler-1653 | K?V | — | 2.17 | — | 1.04 | 258 | 140.3 | 2461 |
Kepler-1701b | Kepler-1701 | K?V | — | 2.22 | — | 1.42 | 275 | 169.1 | 1904 | [1][35]
L 98-59 f | L 98-59 | M3V | ≥2.46 | —  | — | >1 | ~280 | 23.15 | 34.6  | Not confirmed[36]
LHS 1140 b | LHS 1140 | M4V | 5.60 | 1.73 | 5.9±0.3 | 0.43 | 226 | 24.7 | 49 | Likely ocean world or dense mini-Neptune[37]
LP 890-9 c | LP 890-9 | M6V | — | 1.37 | — | 0.91 | 272 | 8.46 | 105 | [38]
Luyten b | Luyten's Star | M3V | ≥2.89 | ~1.35 | — | 1.06 | 258 | 18.65 | 12.3 | [39]
Proxima Centauri b | Proxima Centauri | M5V | ≥1.07 [40]: 16 | 1.17±0.23 | — | 0.70 | 228 | 11.186 | 4.25 | Affected by solar flare, possibly affected by high radiation[41]
Ross 128 b | Ross 128 | M4V | ≥1.40 | ~1.80 | — | 1.48 | 280 | 9.87 | 11.0 | [42]
Ross 508 b | Ross 508 | M4V | ≥4.00 | —  | — | 1.32 |  | 10.8 | 37 | [43]
Teegarden's Star b | Teegarden's Star | M7V | ≥1.05 | ~1.02 | — | 1.15 | 264 | 4.91 | 12.5 | Radius is estimated[44][45]
Teegarden's Star c | Teegarden's Star | M7V | ≥1.11 | ~1.04 | — | 0.37 | 199 | 11.4 | 12.5 | [44]
TOI-700 d | TOI-700 | M2V | ~1.72 | 1.14 | — | 0.87 | 246 | 37.4 | 101 |
TOI-700 e | TOI-700 | M2V | 0.82 | 0.95 | — | 1.27[46] | 273 | 27.8 | 101 | [47]
TOI-715 b | TOI-715 | M4V | 3.02 | 1.55 | — | 0.67 | 234 | 19.29 | 137 | [48] [49]
TOI-2257 b | TOI-2257 | M3V | 5.712+4.288
−2.311 | 2.20 | — | 0.57 (0.26−2.25) | 256+61
−17 | 35.2 | 188 | Highly eccentric[1][50]
TRAPPIST-1d | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 0.39 | 0.78 | 3.39 | 1.12 | 258 | 4.05 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1e | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 0.69 | 0.92 | 5.65 | 0.65 | 230 | 6.1 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1f | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 1.04 | 1.04 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.37 | 200 | 9.2 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
TRAPPIST-1g | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 1.32 | 1.13 | 4.186 | 0.25 | 182 | 12.4 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky[51][52]
Wolf 1069 b | Wolf 1069 | M5V | ≥1.26 | ~1.08 | — | 0.65 | 250 | 15.6 | 31.2 | [53]
Wolf 1061c | Wolf 1061 | M3V | ≥3.41 | ~1.60 | — | 1.30 | 271 | 17.9 | 13.8  | [1]

## Previous candidates

[edit]

Some exoplanet candidates detected by radial velocity that were originally thought to be potentially habitable were later found to most likely be artifacts of stellar activity. These include Gliese 581 d & g,[54][55][56] Gliese 667 Ce & f,[16][57] Gliese 682 b & c,[9] Kapteyn b,[58][59] and Gliese 832 c.[60]

HD 85512 b was initially estimated to be potentially habitable,[61][62] but updated models for the boundaries of the habitable zone placed the planet interior to the HZ,[63][64] and it is now considered non-habitable.[1] Kepler-69c has gone through a similar process; though initially estimated to be potentially habitable,[65] it was quickly realized that the planet is more likely to be similar to Venus,[66] and is thus no longer considered habitable.[1] Several other planets, such as Gliese 180 b, also appear to be examples of planets once considered potentially habitable but later found to be interior to the habitable zone.[1]

Similarly, Tau Ceti e and f were initially both considered potentially habitable,[67] but with improved models of the circumstellar habitable zone, as of 2022 PHL does not consider either planet potentially habitable.[1][failed verification] Kepler-438b was also initially considered potentially habitable; however, it was later found to be a subject of powerful flares that can strip a planet of its atmosphere, so it is now considered non-habitable.[1]

K2-3d and K2-18b were originally considered potentially habitable, and the latter remains listed in the HEC,[1] but recent studies have shown them to be gaseous sub-Neptunes and thus unlikely to be habitable.[68][69][70][71][72][73]

KOI-1686.01 was also considered a potentially habitable exoplanet after its detection in 2011, until proven a false positive by NASA in 2015.[74] Several other KOIs, like Kepler-577b and Kepler-1649b, were considered potentially habitable prior to confirmation, but with new data are no longer considered habitable.

## See also

[edit]

* Astrobiology
* Carbon planet
* Comparative planetary science
* Earth analog
* Earth Similarity Index
* Extraterrestrial atmosphere
* Extraterrestrial life
* Extraterrestrial liquid water
* Galactic habitable zone
* Goldilocks principle
* Habitable zone \- Habitable zone for complex life
* Habitability of binary star systems
* Habitability of orange dwarf systems
* Habitability of natural satellites
* Habitability of red dwarf systems
* Habitability of yellow dwarf systems
* Hypothetical types of biochemistry
* List of Kepler exoplanet candidates in the habitable zone
* List of multiplanetary systems
* List of nearest stars
* List of nearest terrestrial exoplanet candidates
* List of potentially habitable moons
* Lists of planets
* Ocean world
* Planetary habitability
* Rare Earth hypothesis
* Solar analog
* Space colonization
* Super-Earth
* Superhabitable planet
* Terrestrial planet
* Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak "The Habitable Worlds Catalog". Planetary Habitability Laboratory. University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
2. ^ Lammer, H.; Bredehöft, J. H.; Coustenis, A.; Khodachenko, M. L.; et al. (2009). "What makes a planet habitable?" (PDF). The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 17 (2): 181–249\. Bibcode:2009A&ARv..17..181L. doi:10.1007/s00159-009-0019-z. S2CID 123220355. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-05-03.181-249&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:123220355#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00159-009-0019-z&rft_id=info:bibcode/2009A&ARv..17..181L;&rft.aulast=Lammer&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Bredehöft,+J.+H.&rft.au=Coustenis,+A.&rft.au=Khodachenko,+M.+L.&rft_id=http://veilnebula.jorgejohnson.me/uploads/3/5/8/7/3587678/lammer_et_al_2009_astron_astro_rev-4.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
3. ^ Méndez, A.; González-Espada, W. (2016). Searching for Habitable Worlds: An Introduction. IOP Concise Physics. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. p. 1\. ISBN 978-1-68174-401-8. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
4. ^ Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2017). "Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 17. arXiv:1603.08614. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...17C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17. S2CID 119114880.
5. ^ "NASA Venus Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
6. ^ "NASA Mars Fact Sheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
7. ^ "The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia — 82 Eri d". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Paris Observatory. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
8. ^ Dholakia, Shishir; Palethorpe, Larissa; Venner, Alexander; Mortier, Annelies; Wilson, Thomas G.; Huang, Chelsea X.; Rice, Ken; Van Eylen, Vincent; Nabbie, Emma (2024-05-21), "Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 531 (1): 1276, arXiv:2405.13118, Bibcode:2024MNRAS.531.1276D, doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1152
9. ^ a b Feng, Fabo; et al. (8 January 2020). "Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. Detection of Five New Planets, Eight Planet Candidates, and Confirmation of Three Planets around Nine Nearby M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 246 (1): 11. arXiv:2001.02577. Bibcode:2020ApJS..246...11F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5e7c. S2CID 210064560.
10. ^ Damasso, M.; et al. (2022), "A quarter century of spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby M dwarf Gl 514", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 666: A187, arXiv:2204.06376, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243522, S2CID 248157318
11. ^ "HN Lib b". www.exoplanetkyoto.org. Retrieved 2024-07-28.
12. ^ Ribas, I.; Reiners, A.; et al. (February 2023). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Guaranteed time observations Data Release 1 (2016-2020)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A139. arXiv:2302.10528. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A.139R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244879.
13. ^ Suárez Mascareño, A.; et al. (2017). "HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. V. A super-Earth on the inner edge of the habitable zone of the nearby M dwarf GJ 625". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 605. A92. arXiv:1705.06537. Bibcode:2017A&A...605A..92S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730957. S2CID 119003137.
14. ^ LePage, Andrew (22 May 2017). "Habitable Planet Reality Check: Is GJ 625b a Super-Earth or a Super-Venus?". drewexmachina.com. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
15. ^ "GJ 625". hzgallery.org. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
16. ^ a b Feroz, F.; Hobson, M. P. (2014). "Bayesian analysis of radial velocity data of GJ667C with correlated noise: evidence for only two planets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (4): 3540–3549\. arXiv:1307.6984. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.3540F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2148. S2CID 119287992.3540-3549&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info:arxiv/1307.6984&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119287992#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/mnras/stt2148&rft_id=info:bibcode/2014MNRAS.437.3540F&rft.au=Feroz,+F.&rft.au=Hobson,+M.+P.&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstt2148&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
17. ^ a b Suárez Mascareño, A.; González-Alvarez, E.; et al. (November 2022). "Two temperate Earth-mass planets orbiting the nearby star GJ 1002". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A5. arXiv:2212.07332. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A...5S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244991. S2CID 254353639.
18. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
19. ^ Díaz, Rodrigo F.; et al. (2016). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 585: A134. arXiv:1510.06446. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A.134D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526729. S2CID 118531921.
20. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-9b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
21. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
22. ^ "K2-288 B b - NASA Science".
23. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-22 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
24. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-62e". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
25. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-62f". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
26. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-296e". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
27. ^ Barclay, Thomas; Quintana, Elisa V; Adams, Fred C; Ciardi, David R; Huber, Daniel; Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; Montet, Benjamin T; Caldwell, Douglas (2015). "The Five Planets in the Kepler-296 Binary System All Orbit the Primary: A Statistical and Analytical Analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 7. arXiv:1505.01845. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....7B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/7. S2CID 37742564.
28. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-296 f". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
29. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: Kepler-452 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
30. ^ "Targets of Note: Kepler-452 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
31. ^ Mullally, Fergal; Thompson, Susan E.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Burke, Christopher J.; Rowe, Jason F. (2018). "Kepler's Earth-like Planets Should Not be Confirmed without Independent Detection: The Case of Kepler-452b". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (5): 210. arXiv:1803.11307. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..210M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabae3. S2CID 55481591.
32. ^ Burke, Christopher J.; Mullally, F.; Thompson, Susan E.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Rowe, Jason F. (2019). "Re-evaluating Small Long-period Confirmed Planets from Kepler". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (4): 143. arXiv:1901.00506. Bibcode:2019AJ....157..143B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aafb79. S2CID 119047713.
33. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog-Exoplanet exploration-Kepler-1606b".
34. ^ "Earth-Size, Habitable Zone Planet Found Hidden in Early NASA Kepler Data". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-01-02.
35. ^ "Exoplanet catalog-Exoplanet exploration-Kepler-1701b".
36. ^ "Comparison of the L 98-59 exoplanet system with the inner Solar System". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
37. ^ Cadieux, Charles; Plotnykov, Mykhaylo; et al. (2024). "New Mass and Radius Constraints on the LHS 1140 Planets -- LHS 1140 b is Either a Temperate Mini-Neptune or a Water World". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 960 (1): L3. arXiv:2310.15490. Bibcode:2024ApJ...960L...3C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad1691.
38. ^ Delrez, L.; Murray, C. A.; et al. (September 2022). "Two temperate super-Earths transiting a nearby late-type M dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 667: A59. arXiv:2209.02831. Bibcode:2022A&A...667A..59D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244041. S2CID 252110654.
39. ^ Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Forveille, Thierry; Bonfils, Xavier; Ségransan, Damien; Bouchy, François; Delfosse, Xavier; et al. (2017). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XLI. A dozen planets around the M dwarfs GJ 3138, GJ 3323, GJ 273, GJ 628, and GJ 3293". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 602. A88. arXiv:1703.05386. Bibcode:2017A&A...602A..88A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630153. S2CID 119418595.
40. ^ Faria, J. P.; Mascareño, A. Suárez; Figueira, P.; Silva, A. M.; Damasso, M.; Demangeon, O.; Pepe, F.; Santos, N. C.; Rebolo, R.; Cristiani, S.; Adibekyan, V.; Alibert, Y.; Allart, R.; Barros, S. C. C.; Cabral, A.; D’Odorico, V.; Marcantonio, P. Di; Dumusque, X.; Ehrenreich, D.; Hernández, J. I. González; Hara, N.; Lillo-Box, J.; Curto, G. Lo; Lovis, C.; Martins, C. J. a. P.; Mégevand, D.; Mehner, A.; Micela, G.; Molaro, P.; Nunes, N. J.; Pallé, E.; Poretti, E.; Sousa, S. G.; Sozzetti, A.; Tabernero, H.; Udry, S.; Osorio, M. R. Zapatero (1 February 2022). "A candidate short-period sub-Earth orbiting Proxima Centauri". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 658: A115. arXiv:2202.05188. Bibcode:2022A&A...658A.115F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142337. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 246706321.
41. ^ Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Amado, Pedro J.; Barnes, John; et al. (2016). "A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri". Nature. 536 (7617): 437–440\. arXiv:1609.03449. Bibcode:2016Natur.536..437A. doi:10.1038/nature19106. PMID 27558064. S2CID 4451513.437-440&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4451513#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:bibcode/2016Natur.536..437A&rft_id=info:arxiv/1609.03449&rft_id=info:pmid/27558064&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/nature19106&rft.aulast=Anglada-Escudé&rft.aufirst=Guillem&rft.au=Amado,+Pedro+J.&rft.au=Barnes,+John&rft.au=Berdiñas,+Zaira+M.&rft.au=Butler,+R.+Paul&rft.au=Coleman,+Gavin+A.+L.&rft.au=de+la+Cueva,+Ignacio&rft.au=Dreizler,+Stefan&rft.au=Endl,+Michael&rft.au=Giesers,+Benjamin&rft.au=Jeffers,+Sandra+V.&rft.au=Jenkins,+James+S.&rft.au=Jones,+Hugh+R.+A.&rft.au=Kiraga,+Marcin&rft.au=Kürster,+Martin&rft.au=López-González,+María+J.&rft.au=Marvin,+Christopher+J.&rft.au=Morales,+Nicolás&rft.au=Morin,+Julien&rft.au=Nelson,+Richard+P.&rft.au=Ortiz,+José+L.&rft.au=Ofir,+Aviv&rft.au=Paardekooper,+Sijme-Jan&rft.au=Reiners,+Ansgar&rft.au=Rodríguez,+Eloy&rft.au=Rodríguez-López,+Cristina&rft.au=Sarmiento,+Luis+F.&rft.au=Strachan,+John+P.&rft.au=Tsapras,+Yiannis&rft.au=Tuomi,+Mikko&rft.au=Zechmeister,+Mathias&rft_id=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature19106&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
42. ^ Wenz, John (15 November 2017). "A potentially habitable planet has been discovered just 11 light-years away". Astronomy. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
43. ^ Harakawa, Hiroki; et al. (2022). "A super-Earth orbiting near the inner edge of the habitable zone around the M4.5 dwarf Ross 508". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 74 (4): 904–922\. arXiv:2205.11986. Bibcode:2022PASJ...74..904H. doi:10.1093/pasj/psac044.904-922&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info:arxiv/2205.11986&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/pasj/psac044&rft_id=info:bibcode/2022PASJ...74..904H&rft.aulast=Harakawa&rft.aufirst=Hiroki&rft.au=Takarada,+Takuya&rft.au=Kasagi,+Yui&rft.au=Hirano,+Teruyuki&rft.au=Kotani,+Takayuki&rft.au=Kuzuhara,+Masayuki&rft.au=Omiya,+Masashi&rft.au=Kawahara,+Hajime&rft.au=Fukui,+Akihiko&rft.au=Hori,+Yasunori&rft.au=Ishikawa,+Hiroyuki+Tako&rft.au=Ogihara,+Masahiro&rft.au=Livingston,+John&rft.au=Brandt,+Timothy+D.&rft.au=Currie,+Thayne&rft.au=Aoki,+Wako&rft.au=Beichman,+Charles+A.&rft.au=Henning,+Thomas&rft.au=Hodapp,+Klaus&rft.au=Ishizuka,+Masato&rft.au=Izumiura,+Hideyuki&rft.au=Jacobson,+Shane&rft.au=Janson,+Markus&rft.au=Kambe,+Eiji&rft.au=Kodama,+Takanori&rft.au=Kokubo,+Eiichiro&rft.au=Konishi,+Mihoko&rft.au=Krishnamurthy,+Vigneshwaran&rft.au=Kudo,+Tomoyuki&rft.au=Kurokawa,+Takashi&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
44. ^ a b Caballero, J. A.; Reiners, Ansgar; Ribas, I.; Dreizler, S.; Zechmeister, M.; et al. (12 June 2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 627: A49. arXiv:1906.07196. Bibcode:2019A&A...627A..49Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935460. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 189999121.
45. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-12-05.
46. ^ "TOI-700 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
47. ^ Kazmierczak, Jeanette; Center, NASA's Goddard Spaceflight (2023-01-11). "NASA Planet Hunter Discovers Second Habitable, Earth-Size World in TOI 700 System". SciTechDaily. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
48. ^ Dransfield, Georgina; Timmermans, Mathilde; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Dévora-Pajares, Martín; Aganze, Christian; Barkaoui, Khalid; Burgasser, Adam J.; Collins, Karen A.; Cointepas, Marion; Ducrot, Elsa; Günther, Maximilian N.; Howell, Steve B.; Murray, Catriona A.; Niraula, Prajwal; Rackham, Benjamin V. (2023-10-28). "A 1.55 R$_{\oplus}$ habitable-zone planet hosted by TOI-715, an M4 star near the ecliptic South Pole". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 527 (1): 35–52\. arXiv:2305.06206. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1439. ISSN 0035-8711.35-52&rft.date=2023-10-28&rft_id=info:arxiv/2305.06206&rft.issn=0035-8711&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/mnras/stad1439&rft.aulast=Dransfield&rft.aufirst=Georgina&rft.au=Timmermans,+Mathilde&rft.au=Triaud,+Amaury+H.+M.+J.&rft.au=Dévora-Pajares,+Martín&rft.au=Aganze,+Christian&rft.au=Barkaoui,+Khalid&rft.au=Burgasser,+Adam+J.&rft.au=Collins,+Karen+A.&rft.au=Cointepas,+Marion&rft.au=Ducrot,+Elsa&rft.au=Günther,+Maximilian+N.&rft.au=Howell,+Steve+B.&rft.au=Murray,+Catriona+A.&rft.au=Niraula,+Prajwal&rft.au=Rackham,+Benjamin+V.&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstad1439&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
49. ^ "TOI-715 b - NASA Science".
50. ^ Schanche, N.; et al. (2022). "TOI-2257 b: A highly eccentric long-period sub-Neptune transiting a nearby M dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 657: A45. arXiv:2111.01749. Bibcode:2022A&A...657A..45S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142280. S2CID 240419956.
51. ^ a b c d Delrez, Laetitia; et al. (9 January 2018). "Early 2017 observations of TRAPPIST-1 with Spitzer". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 475 (3): 3577–3597\. arXiv:1801.02554. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.475.3577D. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty051. S2CID 54649681.3577-3597&rft.date=2018-01-09&rft_id=info:arxiv/1801.02554&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54649681#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/mnras/sty051&rft_id=info:bibcode/2018MNRAS.475.3577D&rft.aulast=Delrez&rft.aufirst=Laetitia&rft.au=Gillon,+Michael&rft.au=H.M.J,+Amaury&rft.au=Brice-Oliver+Demory,+Triaud&rft.au=de+Wit,+Julien&rft.au=Ingalls,+James&rft.au=Agol,+Eric&rft.au=Bolmont,+Emeline&rft.au=Burdanov,+Artem&rft.au=Burgasser,+Adam+J.&rft.au=Carey,+Sean+J.&rft.au=Jehin,+Emmanuel&rft.au=Leconte,+Jeremy&rft.au=Lederer,+Susan&rft.au=Queloz,+Didier&rft.au=Selsis,+Franck&rft.au=Grootel,+Valerie+Van&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fsty051&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
52. ^ a b c d Grimm, Simon L.; et al. (5 February 2018). "The nature of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 613: A68. arXiv:1802.01377. Bibcode:2018A&A...613A..68G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732233. S2CID 3441829.
53. ^ Kossakowski, D.; Kürster, M.; et al. (January 2023). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, Wolf 1069 b: Earth-mass planet in the habitable zone of a nearby, very low-mass star". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A84. arXiv:2301.02477. Bibcode:2023A&A...670A..84K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245322.
54. ^ Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Endl, Michael; Roy, Arpita (3 July 2014). "Stellar activity masquerading as planets in the habitable zone of the M dwarf Gliese 581". Science. 345 (6195): 440–444\. arXiv:1407.1049. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..440R. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.767.2071. doi:10.1126/science.1253253. PMID 24993348. S2CID 206556796.440-444&rft.date=2014-07-03&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206556796#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:bibcode/2014Sci...345..440R&rft_id=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.767.2071#id-name=CiteSeerX&rft_id=info:pmid/24993348&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126/science.1253253&rft_id=info:arxiv/1407.1049&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Mahadevan,+Suvrath&rft.au=Endl,+Michael&rft.au=Roy,+Arpita&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+potentially+habitable+exoplanets" class="Z3988">
55. ^ Hatzes, A. P. (2016). "Periodic Hαvariations in GL 581: Further evidence for an activity origin to GL 581d". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 585: A144. arXiv:1512.00878. Bibcode:2016A&A...585A.144H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527135. S2CID 55623630.
56. ^ Dodson-Robinson, Sarah E.; Delgado, Victor Ramirez; Harrell, Justin; Haley, Charlotte L. (2022). "Magnitude-squared Coherence: A Powerful Tool for Disentangling Doppler Planet Discoveries from Stellar Activity". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (4): 169. arXiv:2201.13342. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..169D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac52ed. S2CID 246430514.
57. ^ Robertson, Paul; Mahadevan, Suvrath (October 2014). "Disentangling Planets and Stellar Activity for Gliese 667C". The Astrophysical Journal. 793 (2): L24. arXiv:1409.0021. Bibcode:2014ApJ...793L..24R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/L24. S2CID 118404871.
58. ^ Robertson, Paul (11 May 2015). "Stellar activity mimics a habitable-zone planet around Kapteyn's star". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): L22. arXiv:1505.02778. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805L..22R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/805/2/L22. S2CID 117871083.
59. ^ Bortle, Anna; et al. (2021). "A Gaussian Process Regression Reveals No Evidence for Planets Orbiting Kapteyn's Star". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (5): 230. arXiv:2103.02709. Bibcode:2021AJ....161..230B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abec89. S2CID 232110395.
60. ^ Gorrini, P.; et al. (2022). "Detailed stellar activity analysis and modelling of GJ 832". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 664: A64. arXiv:2206.07552. Bibcode:2022A&A...664A..64G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243063. S2CID 249674385.
61. ^ Kaltenegger, L.; Udry, S.; Pepe, F. (2011). "A Habitable Planet around HD 85512?". arXiv:1108.3561 [astro-ph.EP].
62. ^ Mendez, Abel (1 August 2012). "Five Potential Habitable Exoplanets Now" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
63. ^ Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar; et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.
64. ^ Mendez, Abel (29 January 2013). "A New Habitable Zone" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
65. ^ Barclay, Thomas; et al. (2013). "A super-Earth-sized planet orbiting in or near the habitable zone around Sun-like star". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (2): 101. arXiv:1304.4941. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768..101B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/101. S2CID 51490784.
66. ^ Kane, Stephen R.; et al. (2013). "A Potential Super-Venus in the Kepler-69 System". The Astrophysical Journal. 770 (2): L20. arXiv:1305.2933. Bibcode:2013ApJ...770L..20K. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/770/2/L20. S2CID 9808447.
67. ^ Mendez, Abel (28 December 2012). "Two Nearby Habitable Worlds?" (Press release). Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
68. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-3d". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
69. ^ "Confirmed Planet Overview Page: K2-18 b". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
70. ^ Garner, Rob (2019-09-11). "Hubble Finds Water Vapor on Habitable-Zone Exoplanet for 1st Time". NASA. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
71. ^ Damasso, Mario; et al. (2018). "Eyes on K2-3: A system of three likely sub-Neptunes characterized with HARPS-N and HARPS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615. A69. arXiv:1802.08320. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A..69D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732459. S2CID 58923147.
72. ^ Kosiarek, Molly R.; et al. (2019). "Bright Opportunities for Atmospheric Characterization of Small Planets: Masses and Radii of K2-3 b, c, and d and GJ3470 b from Radial Velocity Measurements and Spitzer Transits". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (3): 97. arXiv:1812.08241. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...97K. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf79c. S2CID 119440420.
73. ^ Benneke, Björn; et al. (2019). "Water Vapor and Clouds on the Habitable-zone Sub-Neptune Exoplanet K2-18b". The Astrophysical Journal. 887 (1): L14. arXiv:1909.04642. Bibcode:2019ApJ...887L..14B. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab59dc. S2CID 209324670.
74. ^ "Kepler Candidate Overview Page: KOI-1686.01". NASA Exoplanet Archive. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Retrieved 28 December 2015.

## External links

[edit]

* "The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog" (PHL/UPR Arecibo)
* Habitable Exoplanets Catalogue ranks alien worlds on suitability for life

* v
* t
* e

Extraterrestrial life

Events and objects|

* Shergotty meteorite (1865)
* Nakhla meteorite (1911)
* Murchison meteorite (1969)
* Viking lander biological experiments (1976)
* Allan Hills 77005 (1977)
* Allan Hills 84001 (1984)
* Yamato 000593 (2000)
* CI1 fossils (2011)

Signals of interest|

| Misidentified|

* CP 1919 (misidentified pulsar)
* CTA-102 (misidentified quasar)

|

Stars|

* KIC 8462852 (unusual light fluctuations)
* EPIC 204278916 (unusual light fluctuations)
* VVV-WIT-07 (unusual light fluctuations)
* HD 164595 signal (unknown origin)

Other|

* SHGb02+14a (radio source)
* Wow! signal (inconclusive)
* Fast radio burst (unknown origin)
* BLC1 (radio signal)

Life in the Universe|

* Earliest known life forms
* Planetary habitability in the Solar System
* Life on Venus
* Life on Mars
* Life on Titan

Planetary
habitability|

* Catalog of Nearby Habitable Systems
* Circumstellar habitable zone
* Earth analog
* Extraterrestrial liquid water
* Galactic habitable zone
* Habitability of binary star systems
* Habitability of natural satellites
* Habitability of neutron star systems
* Habitability of red dwarf systems
* Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems
* Habitability of yellow dwarf systems
* Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems
* List of potentially habitable exoplanets
* Planetary habitability
* Superhabitable planet
* Tholin

Space missions|

* Beagle 2
* Biological Oxidant and Life Detection
* BioSentinel
* Curiosity rover
* Darwin
* Dragonfly
* Enceladus Explorer
* Enceladus Life Finder
* Europa Clipper
* ExoMars
* Rosalind Franklin rover
* ExoLance
* EXPOSE
* Foton-M3
* Icebreaker Life
* Journey to Enceladus and Titan
* Laplace-P
* Life Investigation For Enceladus
* Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment
* Mars Geyser Hopper
* Mars sample-return mission
* Mars 2020
* Northern Light
* Opportunity rover
* Perseverance rover
* SpaceX Red Dragon
* Spirit rover
* Tanpopo
* Titan Mare Explorer
* Venus In Situ Explorer
* Viking 1
* Viking 2

Interstellar
communication|

* Active SETI
* Allen Telescope Array
* Arecibo message
* Arecibo Observatory
* Berkeley SETI Research Center
* Bracewell probe
* Breakthrough Initiatives
* Breakthrough Listen
* Breakthrough Message
* Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence
* Gauss's Pythagorean right triangle proposal
* Astrolinguistics
* Lincos language
* NIROSETI
* Pioneer plaque
* Project Cyclops
* Project Ozma
* Project Phoenix
* SERENDIP
* Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
* SETI@home
* setiQuest
* Voyager Golden Record
* Water hole
* Xenolinguistics

Types of alleged
extraterrestrial beings|

* Energy beings
* Grey aliens
* Insectoids
* Little green men
* Nordic aliens
* Reptilian humanoids

Hypotheses|

* Cosmic pluralism
* Directed panspermia
* Drake equation
* Extraterrestrial hypothesis
* Fermi paradox
* Hypothetical types of biochemistry
* Interplanetary contamination
* Kardashev scale
* Mediocrity principle
* Panspermia

Fermi paradox solutions|

* Aestivation hypothesis
* Berserker hypothesis
* Dark forest hypothesis
* Firstborn hypothesis
* Great Filter
* Hart–Tipler conjecture
* Neocatastrophism
* Planetarium hypothesis
* Rare Earth hypothesis
* Zoo hypothesis

Related topics|

* Ancient astronauts
* Astrobiology
* Astroecology
* Biosignature
* Brookings Report
* Exotheology
* Extraterrestrials in fiction
* Extremophile
* Hemolithin
* History of the extraterrestrial life debate
* MERMOZ
* Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
* Noogenesis
* Planetary protection
* Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact
* Post-detection policy
* San Marino Scale
* Technosignature
* UFO religion
* Xenoarchaeology

* v
* t
* e

Exoplanets

* Planet
* Definition
* IAU
* Planetary science

Main topics|

* Exoplanet
* Exoplanet orbital and physical parameters
* Methods of detecting exoplanets
* Planetary system
* Planet-hosting stars

Sizes
and
types|

| Terrestrial|

* Carbon planet
* Coreless planet
* Desert planet
* Dwarf planet
* Hycean planet
* Ice planet
* Iron planet (Super-Mercury)
* Lava planet
* Ocean world
* Mega-Earth
* Sub-Earth
* Super-Earth

|

Gaseous|

* Eccentric Jupiter
* Mini-Neptune (Gas dwarf)
* Helium planet
* Hot Jupiter
* Hot Neptune
* Gas giant
* Ice giant
* Super-Jupiter
* Super-Neptune
* Super-puff
* Ultra-hot Jupiter
* Ultra-hot Neptune

Other types|

* Blanet
* Brown dwarf
* Chthonian planet
* Circumbinary planet
* Circumtriple planet
* Disrupted planet
* Double planet
* Ecumenopolis
* Eyeball planet
* Giant planet
* Mesoplanet
* Planemo
* Planet/Brown dwarf boundary
* Planetesimal
* Protoplanet
* Pulsar planet
* Sub-brown dwarf
* Sub-Neptune
* Toroidal planet
* Ultra-cool dwarf
* Ultra-short period planet (USP)

Formation
and
evolution|

* Accretion
* Accretion disk
* Asteroid belt
* Circumplanetary disk
* Circumstellar disc
* Circumstellar envelope
* Cosmic dust
* Debris disk
* Detached object
* Disrupted planet
* Excretion disk
* Exozodiacal dust
* Extraterrestrial materials
* Extraterrestrial sample curation
* Giant-impact hypothesis
* Gravitational collapse
* Hills cloud
* Internal structure
* Interplanetary dust cloud
* Interplanetary medium
* Interplanetary space
* Interstellar cloud
* Interstellar dust
* Interstellar medium
* Interstellar space
* Kuiper belt
* List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
* Merging stars
* Molecular cloud
* Nebular hypothesis
* Oort cloud
* Outer space
* Planetary migration
* Planetary system
* Planetesimal
* Planet formation
* Protoplanetary disk
* Ring system
* Rubble pile
* Sample-return mission
* Scattered disc
* Star formation

Systems|

* Exocomet
* Interstellar
* Exomoon
* Tidally detached
* Rogue planet
* Orbits
* Retrograde
* Trojan
* Mean-motion resonances
* Titius–Bode law

Host stars|

* A
* B
* Binary star
* Brown dwarfs
* F/Yellow-white dwarfs
* G/Yellow dwarfs
* Herbig Ae/Be
* K/Orange dwarfs
* M/Red dwarfs
* Pulsar
* Red giant
* Subdwarf B
* Subgiant
* T Tauri
* White dwarfs
* Yellow giants

Detection|

* Astrometry
* Direct imaging
* list
* Microlensing
* list
* Polarimetry
* Timing
* list
* Radial velocity
* list
* Transit method
* list
* Transit-timing variation

Habitability|

* Astrobiology
* Astrooceanography
* Circumstellar habitable zone
* Earth analog
* Extraterrestrial liquid water
* Galactic habitable zone
* Habitability of binary star systems
* Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems
* Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems
* Habitability of natural satellites
* Habitability of neutron star systems
* Habitability of red dwarf systems
* Habitability of yellow dwarf systems
* Habitable zone for complex life
* List of potentially habitable exoplanets
* Tholin
* Superhabitable planet

Catalogues|

* Nearby Habitable Systems
* Exoplanet Data Explorer
* Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia
* NASA Exoplanet Archive
* NASA Star and Exoplanet Database
* Open Exoplanet Catalogue

Lists|

* Exoplanetary systems
* Host stars
* Multiplanetary systems
* Stars with proto-planetary discs

* Exoplanets
* Discoveries
* Extremes
* Firsts
* Nearest
* Largest
* Heaviest
* Terrestrial candidates
* Kepler
* 1–500
* 501–1000
* 1001–1500
* 1501–2000
* K2
* Potentially habitable
* Proper names

* Discovered exoplanets by year
* before 2000
* 2000–2009
* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018
* 2019
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024
* 2025

Other|

* Carl Sagan Institute
* Exoplanet naming convention
* Exoplanet phase curves
* Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer
* Extragalactic planet
* Extrasolar planets in fiction
* Geodynamics of terrestrial exoplanets
* Neptunian desert
* Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
* Planets in globular clusters
* Small planet radius gap
* Sudarsky's gas giant classification

* Discoveries of exoplanets
* Search projects

* v
* t
* e

Astrobiology

Disciplines|

* Astrochemistry
* Astrophysics
* Atmospheric sciences
* Biochemistry
* Evolutionary biology
* Exoplanetology
* Geomicrobiology
* Microbiology
* Paleontology
* Planetary oceanography
* Planetary science

Main topics|

* Abiogenesis
* Allan Hills 84001
* Biomolecule
* Biosignature
* Drake equation
* Earliest known life forms
* Earth analog
* Extraterrestrial life
* Extraterrestrial sample curation
* Extremophiles
* Hypothetical types of biochemistry
* List of microorganisms tested in outer space
* Ocean planet
* Panspermia
* Planetary protection
* Search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI)
* Yamato meteorite

Planetary
habitability|

* Circumstellar habitable zone
* Earth analog
* Extraterrestrial liquid water
* Galactic habitable zone
* Habitability of binary star systems
* Habitability of natural satellites
* Habitability of neutron star systems
* Habitability of red dwarf systems
* Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems
* Habitability of yellow dwarf systems
* Habitability of F-type main-sequence star systems
* Habitable zone for complex life
* List of potentially habitable exoplanets
* Tholin
* Superhabitable planet

Space
missions|

| Earth orbit|

* BIO
* BIOCORE
* Biolab
* Bion
* BIOPAN
* Biosatellite program
* E-MIST
* ERA
* Eu:CROPIS
* EXOSTACK
* EXPOSE
* Lunar Micro Ecosystem
* O/OREOS
* OREOcube
* Tanpopo
* VEGGIE

|

Mars|

* Beagle 2
* Fobos-Grunt
* Mars Science Laboratory
* Curiosity rover
* Mars 2020
* Perseverance rover
* Phoenix
* Tianwen-1
* Zhurong rover
* Trace Gas Orbiter
* Viking

Comets and
asteroids|

* Hayabusa2
* OSIRIS-REx
* Rosetta

Heliocentric|

* BioSentinel

Planned|

* Dragonfly
* Europa Clipper
* ExoMars
* Rosalind Franklin rover

Proposed|

* Breakthrough Enceladus
* BRUIE
* CAESAR
* Enceladus Explorer
* Enceladus Life Finder‎
* Enceladus Life Signatures and Habitability
* Enceladus Orbilander
* Europa Lander
* ExoLance
* Explorer of Enceladus and Titan
* Icebreaker Life
* Journey to Enceladus and Titan
* Laplace-P
* Life Investigation For Enceladus
* Mars sample return mission
* Oceanus
* THEO
* Trident

Cancelled and
undeveloped|

* Astrobiology Field Laboratory
* Beagle 3
* Biological Oxidant and Life Detection
* Kazachok
* Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment
* Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher
* MELOS
* Northern Light
* Red Dragon
* Terrestrial Planet Finder

Institutions
and programs|

* Astrobiology Society of Britain
* Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets
* Breakthrough Initiatives
* Breakthrough Listen
* Breakthrough Message
* Breakthrough Starshot
* Carl Sagan Institute
* Center for Life Detection Science
* European Astrobiology Network Association
* MERMOZ
* NASA Astrobiology Institute
* Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
* Ocean Worlds Exploration Program
* Spanish Astrobiology Center‎

* Category
* Commons

Portals:

* Astronomy
* Stars
* Spaceflight
* Outer space
* Solar System

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template