List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom

* Top left: Robert Walpole is considered the first prime minister of Great Britain.
* Top right: Winston Churchill was prime minister during World War II.
* Bottom left: Margaret Thatcher was the first female prime minister of the United Kingdom.
* Bottom right: Rishi Sunak is the incumbent, and first British Asian prime minister.

The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the principal minister of the crown of His Majesty's Government, and the head of the British Cabinet. There is no specific date for when the office of prime minister first appeared, as the role was not created but rather evolved over a period of time through a merger of duties.[1] The term was regularly, if informally, used of Robert Walpole by the 1730s.[2] It was used in the House of Commons as early as 1805,[3] and it was certainly in parliamentary use by the 1880s,[4] although did not become the official title until 1905, when Arthur Balfour was prime minister.

Modern historians generally consider Robert Walpole, who led the government of the Kingdom of Great Britain for over twenty years from 1721,[5] as the first prime minister. Walpole is also the longest-serving British prime minister by this definition.[6] By the same consideration the first prime minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was William Pitt the Younger at its creation on 1 January 1801.[7] The first to use the title in an official act was Benjamin Disraeli, who, in 1878, signed the Treaty of Berlin as "Prime Minister of Her Britannic Majesty".[8]

In 1905, the post of prime minister was officially given recognition in the order of precedence,[9] with the incumbent Henry Campbell-Bannerman the first officially referred to as "prime minister".

The first prime minister of the current United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland upon its effective creation in 1922 (when 26 Irish counties seceded and created the Irish Free State) was Bonar Law,[10] although the country was not renamed officially until 1927, when Stanley Baldwin was the serving prime minister.[11] The incumbent prime minister is Rishi Sunak, who assumed office on 25 October 2022.

## Before the Kingdom of Great Britain[edit]

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Before the Union of England and Scotland in 1707, the Treasury of England was led by the Lord High Treasurer.[12] By the late Tudor period, the Lord High Treasurer was regarded as one of the Great Officers of State,[12] and was often (though not always) the dominant figure in government: Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (lord high treasurer, 1547–1549),[13] served as lord protector to his young nephew King Edward VI;[13] William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (lord high treasurer, 1572–1598),[14] was the dominant minister to Queen Elizabeth I;[14] Burghley's son Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, succeeded his father as Chief Minister to Elizabeth (1598–1603) and was eventually appointed by King James I as lord high treasurer (1608–1612).[15]

By the late Stuart period, the Treasury was often run not by a single individual (i.e., the lord high treasurer) but by a commission of lords of the Treasury,[16] led by the first lord of the Treasury. The last lords high treasurer, Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (1702–1710) and Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford (1711–1714),[17] ran the government of Queen Anne.[18]

## From 1707 to 1721[edit]

Following the succession of George I in 1714, the arrangement of a commission of lords of the Treasury (as opposed to a single lord high treasurer) became permanent.[19] For the next three years, the government was headed by Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, who was appointed Secretary of State for the Northern Department.[20] Subsequently, Lords Stanhope and Sunderland ran the government jointly,[21] with Stanhope managing foreign affairs and Sunderland domestic.[21] Stanhope died in February 1721 and Sunderland resigned two months later;[21] Townshend and Robert Walpole were then invited to form the next government.[22] From that point, the holder of the office of first lord also usually (albeit unofficially) held the status of prime minister. It was not until the Edwardian era that the title prime minister was constitutionally recognised.[23] The prime minister still holds the office of first lord by constitutional convention,[24] the only exceptions being Lords Chatham (1766–1768) and Salisbury (1885–1886, 1886–1892, 1895–1902).[25]

## Since 1721[edit]

### Prime ministers[edit]

*     * 18th century
* 19th century
* 20th century
* 21st century

* * *

*     * George I
* George II
* George III
* George IV
* William IV
* Victoria
* Edward VII
* George V
* Edward VIII
* George VI
* Elizabeth II
* Charles III

* * *

*     * Whig (16)
* Tory (10)
* Conservative (20)
* Liberal (7)
* Labour (6)
* Scottish Unionists (2)
* National Labour (1)
* Peelite (1)

List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom since 1721  Portrait  | Prime minister

Office

(Lifespan)

| Term of office  | Mandate[a] | Ministerial offices held as prime minister  | Party  | Government | Monarch

Reign

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Start  | End  | Duration
​ |  |

Robert Walpole

[26]

* MP for King's Lynn
* (1676–1745)

3 April

1721  |

11 February

1742  | 20 years, 315 days | 1722 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Whig | Walpole–​Townshend | George I

r. 1714–1727

1727 | George II

r. 1727–1760

1734 | Walpole
1741

Spencer Compton

[27]

* 1st Earl of Wilmington
* (1674–1743)

16 February

1742  |

2 July

1743  | 1 year, 137 days[b] | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Carteret

Henry Pelham

[28]

* MP for Sussex
* (1694–1754)

27 August

1743[c] |

6 March

1754[c] | 10 years, 192 days[b] | —  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Broad Bottom I
1747 | Broad Bottom II

Thomas Pelham-Holles

[29]

* 1st Duke of Newcastle
* (1693–1768)

16 March

1754  |

11 November

1756  | 2 years, 241 days | 1754 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Newcastle I

William Cavendish

[30]

* 4th Duke of Devonshire
* (1720–1764)

16 November

1756  |

29 June

1757  | 226 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords
* Lord Treasurer of Ireland

| Pitt–​Devonshire
1757 Caretaker

Thomas Pelham-Holles

[31]

* 1st Duke of Newcastle
* (1693–1768)

29 June

1757  |

26 May

1762  | 4 years, 332 days | 1761 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Pitt–​Newcastle
Bute–​Newcastle

(Tory–​Whig)

| George III

r. 1760–1820

|  |

John Stuart

[32]

* 3rd Earl of Bute
* (1713–1792)

26 May

1762  |

8 April

1763  | 318 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Tory | Bute
|  |

George Grenville

[33]

* MP for Buckingham
* (1712–1770)

16 April

1763  |

10 July

1765  | 2 years, 86 days | —  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Whig

(Grenvillite)

| Grenville

(mainly Whig)

Charles Watson-Wentworth

[34]

* 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
* (1730–1782)

13 July

1765  |

30 July

1766  | 1 year, 18 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig

(Rockinghamite)

| Rockingham I

William Pitt the Elder

[35]

* 1st Earl of Chatham[d]
* (1708–1778)

30 July

1766  |

14 October

1768  | 2 years, 77 days | 1768 |

* Lord Privy Seal

| Whig

(Chathamite)

| Chatham

Augustus FitzRoy

[36]

* 3rd Duke of Grafton
* (1735–1811)

14 October

1768  |

28 January

1770  | 1 year, 107 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Grafton
|  |

Frederick North

[37]

* Lord North
* MP for Banbury
* (1732–1792)

28 January

1770  |

27 March

1782  | 12 years, 59 days | 1774 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Tory

(Northite)

| North
1780
|  |

Charles Watson-Wentworth

[34]

* 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
* (1730–1782)

27 March

1782  |

1 July

1782  | 97 days[b] | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Whig

(Rockinghamite)

| Rockingham II

William Petty

[38]

* 2nd Earl of Shelburne
* (1737–1805)

4 July

1782  |

26 March

1783  | 266 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig

(Chathamite)

| Shelburne

William Cavendish-Bentinck

[39]

* 3rd Duke of Portland
* (1738–1809)

2 April

1783  |

18 December

1783  | 261 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig | Fox–North
|  |

William Pitt the Younger

[40]

* MP for Appleby, later Cambridge University[e]
* (1759–1806)

19 December

1783  |

14 March

1801  | 17 years, 86 days | 1784 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Tory

(Pittite)

| Pitt I
1790
1796

Henry Addington

[41]

* MP for Devizes
* (1757–1844)

17 March

1801  |

10 May

1804  | 3 years, 55 days | 1801 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Tory

(Addingtonian)

| Addington
1802

William Pitt the Younger

[42]

* MP for Cambridge University
* (1759–1806)

10 May

1804  |

23 January

1806  | 1 year, 259 days[b] | —  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Tory

(Pittite)

| Pitt II
|  |

William Grenville

[43]

* 1st Baron Grenville
* (1759–1834)

11 February

1806  |

25 March

1807  | 1 year, 43 days | 1806 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig | All the Talents

(Whig–​Tory)

|  |

William Cavendish-Bentinck

[44]

* 3rd Duke of Portland
* (1738–1809)

31 March

1807  |

4 October

1809  | 2 years, 188 days | 1807 |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Tory

(Pittite)

| Portland II

Spencer Perceval

[45]

* MP for Northampton
* (1762–1812)

4 October

1809  |

11 May

1812 | 2 years, 221 days[b] | —  |

* Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* Commissioner of the Treasury for Ireland (1810–1812)

| Perceval

Robert Jenkinson

[46]

* 2nd Earl of Liverpool
* (1770–1828)

8 June

1812  |

9 April

1827  | 14 years, 306 days | 1812 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Liverpool
1818 | George IV

r. 1820–1830

1820
1826

George Canning

[47]

* MP for Seaford
* (1770–1827)

12 April

1827  |

8 August

1827  | 119 days[b] | —  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Tory

(Canningite)

| Canning

(Canningite–​Whig)

Frederick John Robinson

[48]

* 1st Viscount Goderich
* (1782–1859)

31 August

1827  |

8 January

1828  | 131 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Tory

(Canningite)

| Goderich

Arthur Wellesley

[49]

* 1st Duke of Wellington
* (1769–1852)

22 January

1828  |

16 November

1830  | 2 years, 299 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Tory | Wellington–​Peel
(1830) | William IV

r. 1830–1837

|  |

Charles Grey

[50]

* 2nd Earl Grey
* (1764–1845)

22 November

1830  |

9 July

1834  | 3 years, 230 days | 1831 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig | Grey
1832

William Lamb

[51]

* 2nd Viscount Melbourne
* (1779–1848)

16 July

1834  |

14 November

1834  | 122 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Melbourne I
|  |

Arthur Wellesley

[52]

* 1st Duke of Wellington
* (1769–1852)

17 November

1834  |

9 December

1834  | 23 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords
* Sec. of State for Foreign Affairs
* Sec. of State for the Home Dept
* Sec. of State for War & Colonies

| Tory | Wellington Caretaker
|  |

Robert Peel

[53]

* MP for Tamworth
* (1788–1850)

10 December

1834  |

8 April

1835  | 120 days | (—)  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative | Peel I
|  |

William Lamb

[54]

* 2nd Viscount Melbourne
* (1779–1848)

18 April

1835  |

30 August

1841  | 6 years, 135 days | 1835 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Whig | Melbourne II
1837 | Victoria

r. 1837–1901

|  |

Robert Peel

[53]

* MP for Tamworth
* (1788–1850)

30 August

1841  |

29 June

1846  | 4 years, 304 days | 1841 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative | Peel II
|  |

John Russell

[55]

* MP for City of London
* (1792–1878)

30 June

1846  |

21 February

1852  | 5 years, 237 days | (1847) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Whig | Russell I
|  |

Edward Smith-Stanley

[56]

* 14th Earl of Derby
* (1799–1869)

23 February

1852  |

17 December

1852  | 299 days | 1852 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Conservative | Who? Who?
|  |

George Hamilton-Gordon

[57]

* 4th Earl of Aberdeen
* (1784–1860)

19 December

1852  |

30 January

1855  | 2 years, 43 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Peelite | Aberdeen

(Peelite–​Whig–​others)

|  |

Henry John Temple

[58]

* 3rd Viscount Palmerston
* MP for Tiverton
* (1784–1865)

6 February

1855  |

19 February

1858  | 3 years, 14 days | 1857 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Whig | Palmerston I
|  |

Edward Smith-Stanley

[59]

* 14th Earl of Derby
* (1799–1869)

20 February

1858  |

11 June

1859  | 1 year, 112 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Conservative | Derby–​Disraeli II
|  |

Henry John Temple

[60]

* 3rd Viscount Palmerston
* MP for Tiverton
* (1784–1865)

12 June

1859  |

18 October

1865  | 6 years, 129 days[b] | 1859 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Liberal | Palmerston II
1865

John Russell

[55]

* 1st Earl Russell
* (1792–1878)

29 October

1865  |

26 June

1866  | 241 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Russell II
|  |

Edward Smith-Stanley

[61]

* 14th Earl of Derby
* (1799–1869)

28 June

1866  |

25 February

1868  | 1 year, 243 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords

| Conservative | Derby–​Disraeli III

Benjamin Disraeli

[62]

* MP for Buckinghamshire
* (1804–1881)
* Premierships

27 February

1868  |

1 December

1868  | 279 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

|  |

William Ewart Gladstone

[63]

* MP for Midlothian
* (1809–1898)
* Premierships

3 December

1868  |

17 February

1874  | 5 years, 77 days | 1868 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer (1873–1874)

| Liberal | Gladstone I
|  |

Benjamin Disraeli

[64]

* MP for Buckinghamshire (to 1876)
* Earl of Beaconsfield (from 1876)[f]
* (1804–1881)
* Premierships

20 February

1874  |

21 April

1880  | 6 years, 62 days | 1874 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons (1874–1876)

| Conservative | Disraeli II
|  |

William Ewart Gladstone

[65]

* MP for Midlothian
* (1809–1898)
* Premierships

23 April

1880  |

9 June

1885  | 5 years, 48 days | 1880 |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer (1880–1882)

| Liberal | Gladstone II
|  |

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil

[66]

* 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
* (1830–1903)

23 June

1885  |

28 January

1886  | 220 days | (—)  |

* Leader of the House of Lords
* Sec. of State for Foreign Affairs

| Conservative | Salisbury I
|  |

William Ewart Gladstone

[65]

* MP for Midlothian
* (1809–1898)
* Premierships

1 February

1886  |

20 July

1886  | 170 days | (1885) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons
* Lord Privy Seal

| Liberal | Gladstone III
|  |

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil

[67]

* 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
* (1830–1903)

25 July

1886  |

11 August

1892  | 6 years, 18 days | (1886) |

* First Lord of the Treasury (1886–1887)

| Conservative | Salisbury II
|  |

William Ewart Gladstone

[65]

* MP for Midlothian
* (1809–1898)
* Premierships

15 August

1892  |

2 March

1894  | 1 year, 200 days | (1892) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons
* Lord Privy Seal

| Liberal | Gladstone IV

Archibald Primrose

[68]

* 5th Earl of Rosebery
* (1847–1929)

5 March

1894  |

22 June

1895  | 1 year, 110 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Lords
* Lord President of the Council

| Rosebery
|  |

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil

[69]

* 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
* (1830–1903)

25 June

1895  |

11 July

1902  | 7 years, 17 days | 1895 |

* Leader of the House of Lords
* Lord Privy Seal (1900–1902)

| Conservative | Salisbury III

(Con–​Lib.U)

1900 | Salisbury IV

(Con–​Lib.U)

Edward VII

r. 1901–1910

Arthur Balfour

[70]

* MP for Manchester East
* (1848–1930)

12 July

1902  |

4 December

1905  | 3 years, 146 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons
* Lord Privy Seal (1902–1903)

| Balfour

(Con–​Lib.U)

|  |

Henry Campbell-Bannerman

[71]

* MP for Stirling Burghs
* (1836–1908)

5 December

1905  |

3 April

1908  | 2 years, 121 days | 1906 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Liberal | Campbell-Bannerman

H. H. Asquith

[72]

* MP for East Fife
* (1852–1928)

8 April

1908  |

5 December

1916  | 8 years, 243 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons
* Sec. of State for War (1914)

| Asquith I
(Jan.1910) | Asquith II | George V

r. 1910–1936

(Dec.1910) | Asquith III
(—)  | Asquith Coalition

(Lib–​Con–​others)

David Lloyd George

[73]

* MP for Caernarvon Boroughs
* (1863–1945)

6 December

1916  |

19 October

1922  | 5 years, 318 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Lloyd George War
1918 | Lloyd George II

(Lib–​Con)

|  |

Bonar Law

[74]

* MP for Glasgow Central
* (1858–1923)

23 October

1922  |

20 May

1923  | 210 days | 1922 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative

(Scot.U.)

| Law

Stanley Baldwin

[75]

* MP for Bewdley
* (1867–1947)

22 May

1923  |

22 January

1924  | 246 days | —  |

* Chancellor of the Exchequer (1923)
* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative | Baldwin I
|  |

Ramsay MacDonald

[76]

* MP for Aberavon
* (1866–1937)

22 January

1924  |

4 November

1924  | 288 days | (1923) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons
* Sec. of State for Foreign Affairs

| Labour | MacDonald I
|  |

Stanley Baldwin

[77]

* MP for Bewdley
* (1867–1947)

4 November

1924  |

4 June

1929  | 4 years, 213 days | 1924 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative | Baldwin II
|  |

Ramsay MacDonald

[78]

* MP for Seaham
* (1866–1937)

5 June

1929  |

7 June

1935  | 6 years, 3 days | (1929) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Labour | MacDonald II
| (—)  | National Labour | National I

(Nat.Lab–​Con–​others)

1931 | National II
​ |  |

Stanley Baldwin

[79]

* MP for Bewdley
* (1867–1947)

7 June

1935  |

28 May

1937  | 1 year, 356 days | 1935 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| Conservative | National III
Edward VIII

r. 1936

George VI

r. 1936–1952

Neville Chamberlain

[80]

* MP for Birmingham Edgbaston
* (1869–1940)

28 May

1937  |

10 May

1940  | 2 years, 349 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons

| National IV
Chamberlain War

Winston Churchill

[81]

* MP for Epping
* (1874–1965)

10 May

1940  |

26 July

1945  | 5 years, 78 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Leader of the House of Commons (1940–1942)

| Churchill War
Churchill Caretaker

(Con–​Nat.Lib)

|  |

Clement Attlee

[82]

* MP for Limehouse
* (1883–1967)

26 July

1945  |

26 October

1951  | 6 years, 93 days | 1945 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister of Defence (1945–1946)

| Labour | Attlee I
1950 | Attlee II
|  |

Winston Churchill

[83]

* MP for Woodford
* (1874–1965)

26 October

1951  |

5 April

1955  | 3 years, 162 days | 1951 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister of Defence (1951–1952)

| Conservative | Churchill III
Elizabeth II

r. 1952–2022

Anthony Eden

[84]

* MP for Warwick and Leamington
* (1897–1977)

6 April

1955  |

9 January

1957  | 1 year, 279 days | 1955 |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Eden

Harold Macmillan

[85]

* MP for Bromley
* (1894–1986)

10 January

1957  |

18 October

1963  | 6 years, 282 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Macmillan I
1959 | Macmillan II

Alec Douglas-Home

[86][g]

* MP for Kinross and Western Perthshire
* (1903–1995)

18 October

1963  |

16 October

1964  | 365 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Conservative

(Scot.U.)

| Douglas-Home
|  |

Harold Wilson

[87]

* MP for Huyton
* (1916–1995)

16 October

1964  |

19 June

1970  | 5 years, 247 days | 1964 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service (1968–1970)

| Labour | Wilson I
1966 | Wilson II
|  |

Edward Heath

[88]

* MP for Bexley
* (1916–2005)

19 June

1970  |

4 March

1974  | 3 years, 259 days | 1970 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Conservative | Heath
|  |

Harold Wilson

[87]

* MP for Huyton
* (1916–1995)

4 March

1974  |

5 April

1976  | 2 years, 33 days | (Feb.1974) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Labour | Wilson III
Oct.1974 | Wilson IV

James Callaghan

[89]

* MP for Cardiff South East
* (1912–2005)

5 April

1976  |

4 May

1979 | 3 years, 30 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Callaghan
|  |

Margaret Thatcher

[90]

* MP for Finchley
* (1925–2013)
* Premiership

4 May

1979  |

28 November

1990  | 11 years, 209 days | 1979 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Conservative | Thatcher I
1983 | Thatcher II
1987 | Thatcher III

John Major

[91]

* MP for Huntingdon
* (born 1943)
* Premiership

28 November

1990  |

2 May

1997  | 6 years, 156 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Major I
1992 | Major II
|  |

Tony Blair

[92]

* MP for Sedgefield
* (born 1953)
* Premiership

2 May

1997  |

27 June

2007  | 10 years, 57 days | 1997 |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Labour | Blair I
2001 | Blair II
2005 | Blair III

Gordon Brown

[93]

* MP for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath
* (born 1951)
* Premiership

27 June

2007  |

11 May

2010  | 2 years, 319 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Brown
|  |

David Cameron

[94]

* MP for Witney
* (born 1966)
* Premiership

11 May

2010  |

13 July

2016  | 6 years, 64 days | (2010) |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| Conservative | Cameron–Clegg

(Con–​Lib.Dem)

2015 | Cameron II

Theresa May

[95]

* MP for Maidenhead
* (born 1956)
* Premiership

13 July

2016  |

24 July

2019  | 3 years, 12 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service

| May I
(2017) | May II

Boris Johnson

[96]

* MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip
* (born 1964)
* Premiership

24 July

2019  |

6 September

2022  | 3 years, 45 days | (—)  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service
* Minister for the Union

| Johnson I
2019 | Johnson II

Liz Truss

[97]

* MP for South West Norfolk
* (born 1975)
* Premiership

6 September

2022  |

25 October

2022  | 50 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service
* Minister for the Union

| Truss
Charles III

r. 2022–present

Rishi Sunak

[98]

* MP for Richmond (Yorks)
* (born 1980)
* Premiership

25 October

2022  | Incumbent  | 1 year, 241 days | —  |

* First Lord of the Treasury
* Minister for the Civil Service
* Minister for the Union

| Sunak

## Disputed prime ministers[edit]

Due to the gradual evolution of the post of prime minister, the title is applied to early prime ministers only retrospectively;[23] this has sometimes given rise to academic dispute. William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath and James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave are sometimes listed as prime ministers.[99] Bath was invited to form a ministry by George II when Henry Pelham resigned in 1746,[100] as was Waldegrave in 1757 after the dismissal of William Pitt the Elder,[101] who dominated the affairs of government during the Seven Years' War. Neither was able to command sufficient parliamentary support to form a government; Bath stepped down after two days[99] and Waldegrave after four.[101] Modern academic consensus does not consider either man to have held office as prime minister;[102][failed verification] they are therefore listed separately.

* Whig (2)

List of disputed prime ministers of the United Kingdom since 1721  Portrait  | Prime minister

Office

(Lifespan)

| Term of office  | Mandate[a] | Ministerial offices held as prime minister  | Party  | Government | Monarch

Reign

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Start  | End  | Duration
​ |  |

William Pulteney

* 1st Earl of Bath
* (1684–1764)

10 February

1746  |

12 February

1746  |

3 days

| –  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Whig | Short Lived | George II

r. 1727–1760

James Waldegrave

* 2nd Earl Waldegrave
* (1715–1763)

8 June

1757  |

12 June

1757  |

5 days

| –  |

* First Lord of the Treasury

| Waldegrave

### List notes[edit]

1. ^ a b Legend for the

Mandate

column:

1722

a year
indicates a general election won by the government or that led to the formation of a government (the year links to the election's article);

(1830)

a parenthesised year
indicates an election resulting in no single party winning a Commons majority (the year links to the election's article);

a dash
indicates the formation of a majority government without an election;

(—)

a parenthesised dash
indicates the formation of a minority or coalition government during a hung parliament.

2. ^ a b c d e f g Died in office
3. ^ a b Resigned on 10 February 1746, reappointed by George II on 12 February 1746.
4. ^ Pitt served as a Member of Parliament for Bath for the first five days of his premiership (30 July – 4 August 1766). He relinquished his Commons seat in order to take the office of Lord Privy Seal, which required his elevation to the House of Lords.
5. ^ Pitt contested a different constituency in the 1784 British general election.
6. ^ Disraeli was elevated to the House of Lords in 1876, two years into his second premiership. Consequently, he relinquished his Commons seat as MP for Buckinghamshire.
7. ^ Douglas Home disclaimed his peerage as the Earl of Home on 23 October 1963. He was elected an MP on 7 November 1963.

## Timeline[edit]

Further information: Timeline of prime ministers of Great Britain and the United Kingdom

## See also[edit]

* Biography
portal
* Politics
portal
* United Kingdom
portal
* Lists
portal

* Category:British premierships
* List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom by length of tenure
* List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom by education
* Assassination of Spencer Perceval
* Downing Street
* 10 Downing Street
* List of British governments
* List of current heads of government in the United Kingdom and dependencies
* List of prime ministers of Queen Victoria (for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the British Empire)
* Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
* List of United Kingdom general elections
* Royal prerogative in the United Kingdom
* List of government ministers of the United Kingdom

## References[edit]

### Citations[edit]

1. ^ Hennessy 2001, pp. 39–40.
2. ^ Stephen Taylor ODNB.[full citation needed]
3. ^ Castlereagh 1805.
4. ^ Eardley-Wilmot 1885; Macfarlane 1885.
5. ^ Clarke 1999, p. 266; Hennessy 2001, pp. 39–40.
6. ^ BBC News 1998.
7. ^ Burt 1874, p. 106; Castlereagh 1805.
8. ^ Bogdanor 1997.
9. ^ Marriott 1923, p. 83.
10. ^ Law 1922.
11. ^ Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927.
12. ^ a b Chisholm 1911f.
13. ^ a b Pollard 1904.
14. ^ a b Chisholm 1911a.
15. ^ Chisholm 1911c.
16. ^ Chapman 2002.
17. ^ Fisher Russell Barker 1890; Stephen 1890.
18. ^ Morrill 2018.
19. ^ Chapman 2002, p. 15.
20. ^ McMullen Rigg 1899.
21. ^ a b c Chisholm 1911d; Chisholm 1911e.
22. ^ Chisholm 1911b; McMullen Rigg 1899.
23. ^ a b Leonard 2010, p. 1.
24. ^ UK Government 2013.
25. ^ Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, p. 413; Locker-Lampson 1907, p. 497.
26. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 1, 5; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 1–5; Pryde et al. 1996, pp. 45–46.
27. ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, p. 41; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 14; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 7–10; Jones & Jones 1986, p. 222.
28. ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, pp. 41–42; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 17; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 11–15.
29. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 28; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 16–21.
30. ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, p. 44; Courthope 1838, p. 19; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 34; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 23–26; Schumann & Schweizer 2012, p. 143.
31. ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 11; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 28; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 16–21; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 46; Tout 1910, p. 740.
32. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 36; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 28–31; Jones & Jones 1986, p. 223; Tout 1910, p. 740.
33. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 42; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 33–35; Tout 1910, p. 740.
34. ^ a b The British Magazine and Review 1782, p. 79; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 46, 50; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 39–43.
35. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 54; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 45–50; Kebbel 1864, p. 143; Venning 2005, p. 93.
36. ^ Courthope 1838, p. 9; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 61; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 52–56; Venning 2005, p. 93; Vincitorio 1968, p. 156.
37. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 64; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 58–62; Whiteley 1996, p. 24.
38. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 73; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 64–68; Venning 2005, p. 93.
39. ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 11; Courthope 1838, p. 25; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 77; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 69–74; Venning 2005, p. 93.
40. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 85; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 75–78; Evans 2008, p. 4.
41. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 94; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 83–85; Styles 1829, p. 266.
42. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 85; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 75–77; Evans 2008, p. 4.
43. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 98; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 90–92; Tout 1910, p. 740.
44. ^ Courthope 1838, p. 25; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 77; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 69–74; Evans 2008, p. 4.
45. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 101; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 98–101; Evans 2008, p. 4.
46. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 106; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 104–108; Evans 2008, p. 4; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47.
47. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 116, 133; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 110–115.
48. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 120, 133; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 118–120.
49. ^ Courthope 1838, p. 33; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 123; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 124–130; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47; Shaw 1906, p. 447; Tout 1910, p. 740.
50. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 128; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 133–139.
51. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 136; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 141–143.
52. ^ Courthope 1838, p. 33; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 123; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 124–130; Evans 2001, p. 471; Mahon & Cardwell 1856, p. 17; Shaw 1906, p. 447.
53. ^ a b Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 142; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 148–153.
54. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 136; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 141–145; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47.
55. ^ a b Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 151; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 155–160.
56. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–164.
57. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 159, 167; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 169–174; Royal Society of Edinburgh 2006, p. 375; Tout 1910, p. 741.
58. ^ Disraeli 1855; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 174; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 177–184; Royal Society 2007, p. 349.
59. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–164; Tout 1910, p. 741.
60. ^ Balfour 1910; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 174; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 177–184; Royal Society 2007, p. 349.
61. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–167; Tout 1910, p. 741.
62. ^ Disraeli 1868; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 183; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 187–189; Tout 1910, p. 741.
63. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 196; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 195–198; Royal Statistical Society 1892, p. 9.
64. ^ Chamberlain 1884; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 183; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 187–192.
65. ^ a b c Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 196; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 195–202; Royal Statistical Society 1892, p. 9.
66. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 213; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Mosley 2003, p. 3505.
67. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 213; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Locker-Lampson 1907, p. 497; Mosley 2003, p. 3505; Sandys 1910, p. 287.
68. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 222; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 212–215.
69. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 213, 221; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Mosley 2003, p. 3505; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47; Sandys 1910, p. 287.
70. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 231; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 217–221; Mosley 1999, p. 173; Tout 1910, p. 741.
71. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 239; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 223–227.
72. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 5; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 244; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 229–235; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
73. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 6–9; The Constitutional Yearbook 1919, p. 42; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 252; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 237–243.
74. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 262; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 246–248; Scully 2018.
75. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–255; Mosley 1999, p. 172.
76. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 281; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 262–264.
77. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–259; Mosley 1999, p. 172.
78. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 13; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 281; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 262–268.
79. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–259; Mosley 1999, p. 172; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
80. ^ The Annual Register 1941, p. 11; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 289; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 270–274.
81. ^ The Annual Register 1946, p. 11; Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 17–21, 77; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 295; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 276–282; The London Gazette 1924.
82. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 305; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 284–289.
83. ^ BBC On This Day 2005; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 295; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 276–282; The London Gazette 1924; Mosley 1999, p. 1868; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
84. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 315; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 291–295.
85. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 320; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 297–303.
86. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 329; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 306–310; Scully 2018.
87. ^ a b Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 333; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 313–320.
88. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 343; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 322–328; UK Parliament 2005a.
89. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 350; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 331–333; UK Parliament 2005b.
90. ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 358; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 340–347; UK Parliament 2013.
91. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 61; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 384; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 350–352.
92. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 270; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 392; Seldon 2007, pp. 77, 371, 647; UK Parliament 2017b.
93. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 86; UK Parliament 2012.
94. ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 65; Lee & Beech 2011; Royal Communications 2016; Wheeler 2016.
95. ^ BBC News 2017; Stamp 2016; UK Parliament 2017a.
96. ^ BBC News 2019; Kuenssberg 2019; UK Parliament 2022.
97. ^ BBC News 2022a; Nevett & Whannel 2022; UK Parliament 2024a.
98. ^ BBC News 2022b; Nevett 2022; UK Parliament 2024b.
99. ^ a b Carpenter 1992, p. 37.
100. ^ Leonard 2010, p. 47.
101. ^ a b Leonard 2010, p. 65.
102. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2011.

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## Further reading[edit]

* Bogdanor, Vernon, ed. (2010). From New Jerusalem to New Labour: British Prime Ministers from Attlee to Blair. Palgrave Macmillan (published 20 October 2016). ISBN 978-0-230-29700-5.
* Browne, J. Houston (1858). Lives of the Prime Ministers of England: From the Restoration to the Present Time. Vol. 1\. London: Thomas Cautley Newby.
* Davidson, Jonathan (2010). Downing Street Blues: A History of Depression and Other Mental Afflictions in British Prime Ministers. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-5793-9.
* Grube, Dennis (2013). Prime Ministers and Rhetorical Governance. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-31836-7.
* King, Anthony Stephen, ed. (1985). The British Prime Minister (2nd ed.). Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-0635-1.
* Leonard, Dick (2008). Nineteenth Century Premiers: Pitt to Rosebery. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-22725-5.
* Mackay, Robert (28 December 1987). "Thatcher longest serving British prime minister". United Press International. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
* Parker, Robert J. (2013). British Prime Ministers (2nd ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4456-1021-4.
* Quinault, Roland (2011). British Prime Ministers and Democracy: From Disraeli to Blair. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4411-1105-0.

## External links[edit]

* "Past Prime Ministers". Gov.uk. UK Government. Archived from the original on 25 August 2008.
* "Prime Ministers and Politics Timeline". History. BBC. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011.

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