List of proposed Solar System probes

There are currently various proposed space probes to focus on the exploration of the Solar System. For planned missions to the Moon see the dedicated list of missions to the Moon, with its section future missions. Launched probes are in the List of Solar System probes and the List of active Solar System probes.

## Planned or scheduled missions

[edit]

Mission name  | Launch date  | Description  | Ref(s)

|
|
|

EscaPADE | NET November 2025  | Two Mars orbiters  | [1]
Martian Moons eXploration | 2026  | Martian moon sample return mission  | [2]
Venus Life Finder | NET summer 2026  | Private Venus atmospheric probe by Rocket Lab and MIT | [3]
DESTINY+ | 2028  | Asteroid 3200 Phaethon flyby  | [4]
Dragonfly | July 2028  | Titan rotorcraft lander  | [5][6]
Rosalind Franklin | 2028  | Mars rover, ExoMars | [7][8]
Tianwen-3 | 2028  | Mars sample return mission  | [9]
MBR Explorer | 2028  | Flyby mission to seven asteroids  | [10]
Venus Orbiter Mission | 2028  | Venus orbiter  | [11]
Tianwen-4 | September 2029  | Jupiter and Callisto orbiter, Uranus flyby  | [12][13]
Solar Polar Orbit Observatory | 2029  | High-inclination solar orbiter, Jupiter flyby  | [14]
Comet Interceptor | 2029  | Flyby of an Oort Cloud comet  | [15][16][17]
VERITAS | 2029  | Venus orbiter  | [18]
EnVision | 2031  | Venus orbiter  | [19]
Mangalyaan-2 | 2031  | Mars orbiter and lander  | [20][21]
DAVINCI | 2032  | Venus orbiter and atmospheric probe  | [22]

## Proposed missions

[edit]

Mission name  | Preliminary launch date estimate  | Description  | Ref(s)

|
|
|

Estimated launch date  | Estimate by  | Estimate as of
Shensuo (Interstellar Express)  | 2024[needs update] | Scientia Sinica Informationis  | 2019  | "Voyager-like" mission to outer planets  | [23][24]
NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return | 2027[needs update] | ESA | 2023  | Mars sample return mission  | [25]
Ramses | 2028  | ESA  | 2024  | Asteroid orbiter  | [26][27]
Tera-hertz Explorer | 2020s[citation needed] |  |  | Mars orbiter and lander  | [28][29]
Venera-D | 2031  | Russian Space Research Institute | 2023  | Venus orbiter and lander  | [30]
Uranus Orbiter and Probe | NET 2031  | NASA | 2023  | Uranus orbiter and probe  | [31][32]
Venus atmospheric sample return  | 2033  | DSEL/CNSA  | 2025  | Return atmospheric samples from Venus  | [33]
Interstellar Probe | 2036  | NASA | 2022  | "Voyager on steroids"  | [34]
Enceladus Orbilander | 2038  | NASA | 2023  | Enceladus orbiter/lander  | [35]
Mars Research Station for ISRU  | 2038  | DSEL/CNSA  | 2025  | Mars surface research station for In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU)  | [33]
Probe to Neptune and Triton  | 2039  | DSEL/CNSA  | 2025  | Exploration of Neptune and its moon Triton  | [33]

## Suspended missions

[edit]

The following missions were suspended or cancelled because of political, budgetary, or other reasons. The spacecraft were already assembled at the time of suspension/cancellation, so these missions can be resumed.

Mission name  | Cancellation date  | Description  | Status and reason  | Ref(s)

|
|
|
|

Janus | 2023  | Dual asteroids probe  | Was expected to be a secondary payload on the Psyche launch. After the delay, it was assessed that Janus wouldn't be able to reach the required trajectory. Both spacecraft were placed into long-term storage.  | [36]
Kazachok | 2022  | Mars lander  | Originally part of the joint ExoMars mission with ESA, planned to deliver Rosalind Franklin rover. Mission was cancelled because of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Spacecraft was returned to Roscosmos; officials stated that they will launch it without the rover, but no date was given.  | [37]

## See also

[edit]

* Timeline of Solar System exploration
* List of space telescopes#Future launches
* List of proposed space telescopes
* List of missions to the Moon#Future missions
* List of missions to Venus#Future missions
* List of missions to Mars#Future missions
* List of missions to the outer planets#Future missions
* List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft#Future visits
* List of objects at Lagrange points#Future and proposed missions
* List of heliophysics missions#Proposed missions

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Alaieva, Liliia (July 18, 2025). "Blue Origin to launch NASA's Mars mission".
2. ^ "MMX - Martian Moons eXploration". MMX - Martian Moons eXploration. Retrieved 2 June 2024. "The current schedule has a launch date in JFY 2026, followed by Martian orbit insertion in JFY 2027 and the spacecraft will return to Earth in JFY 2031."
3. ^ "Rocket Lab Mission to Venus". Venus Missions. Retrieved February 28, 2025.
4. ^ "宇宙科学・探査ミッションの進捗状況について" [Space Science and Exploration Mission Progress] (PDF). ISAS (in Japanese). CAO. 9 October 2024. p. 11. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
5. ^ "Dragonfly". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
6. ^ "NASA New Frontiers 5: Third Community Announcement". NASA Science Mission Directorate. 2021-05-12. Retrieved 2021-05-14. "The launch date for Dragonfly, the fourth mission in the New Frontiers Program, has been delayed to June 2027."
7. ^ "NASA, European Space Agency Unite to Land Europe's Rover on Mars - NASA". Retrieved 2024-05-17.
8. ^ Foust, Jeff (2024-04-10). "ESA awards contract to Thales Alenia Space to restart ExoMars". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
9. ^ Jones, Andrew (2024-03-08). "China targets 2030 for Mars sample return mission, potential landing areas revealed". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2024-03-13.
10. ^ Kenneth Chang (May 29, 2023). "The United Arab Emirates Is Heading for the Asteroid Belt". The New York Times.
11. ^ "Union Cabinet Approves India's Mission to Venus, and Sample Return from the Moon". www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
12. ^ CNSA Watcher [@CNSAWatcher] (23 December 2023). "Tianwen-4, launching Sept 2029, will journey to Jupiter using Venus & Earth gravity assists. Targeting Jupiter capture by Dec 2035 & a Uranus flyby in March 2045, the mission includes 2 probes, one exploring Jupiter's system and another flying by Uranus" (Tweet) - via Twitter.
13. ^ Andrew Jones published (2022-09-22). "China wants to probe Uranus and Jupiter with 2 spacecraft on one rocket". Space.com. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
14. ^ Jones, Andrew (2025-02-25). "China to send a spacecraft out of the ecliptic to study the Sun's poles". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
15. ^ "Ariel moves from blueprint to reality". ESA. 12 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
16. ^ "ESA's new mission to intercept a comet". www.esa.int. Retrieved 2020-01-06.
17. ^ "Comet Interceptor". www.cometinterceptor.space. Retrieved 2020-01-06.
18. ^ "NASA Selects 2 Missions to Study 'Lost Habitable' World of Venus - NASA". Retrieved 2023-11-30.
19. ^ "ESA selects revolutionary Venus mission EnVision". www.esa.int. ESA. 10 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
20. ^ Kuthunur, Sharmila (17 May 2024). "India's ambitious 2nd Mars mission to include a rover, helicopter, sky crane and a supersonic parachute". Space.com.
21. ^ "Unmanned helicopter likely to join India's second space odyssey to Mars". rfi. 5 March 2024.
22. ^ "FY 2025 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST SUMMARY". NASA. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
23. ^ Wu, Weiren; Yu, Dengyun; Huang, Jiangchuan; Zong, Qiugang; Wang, Chi; Yu, Guobin; He, Rongwei; Wang, Qian; Kang, Yan; Meng, Linzhi; Wu, Ke; He, Jiansen; Li, Hui (2019-01-09). "Exploring the solar system boundary". Scientia Sinica Informationis. 49 (1): 1. doi:10.1360/N112018-00273. ISSN 2095-9486. S2CID 86476811.
24. ^ Jones, Andrew (November 19, 2019). "China Considers Voyager-like Mission to Interstellar Space". Planetary.org. The Planetary Society. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
25. ^ "Earth Return Orbiter – the first round-trip to Mars". ESA. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
26. ^ "ESA moves forward with Apophis mission preparations". www.esa.int.
27. ^ "Introducing Ramses, ESA's mission to asteroid Apophis". www.esa.int.
28. ^ Takeshi Kuroda, Yasuko Kasai, Shinichi Nakasuka, Hiroyuki Maezawa, Takayoshi Yamada, Ryohei Takahashi: TEREX-1: A micro-satellite terahertz lander for the exploration of water/oxygen resources on Mars. 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Abstract B0.5-0006-21 (oral), id.223, January 2021.
29. ^ Kasai, Yasuko (13 June 2018). "Tera-hertz Explorer, TEREX, Mission" (PDF). University of Tsukuba. NICT. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
30. ^ Zak, Anatoly (5 March 2021). "New promise for the Venera-D project". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
31. ^ Simon, Amy; Nimmo, Francis; Anderson, Richard C. (7 June 2021). "Journey to an Ice Giant System: Uranus Orbiter and Probe". Planetary Mission Concept for the 2023–2032 Planetary Science Decadal Survey. NASA. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
32. ^ Foust, Jeff (2023-05-03). "Plutonium availability constrains plans for future planetary missions". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
33. ^ a b c Jones, Andrew (2025-03-27). "China unveils planetary exploration roadmap targeting habitability and extraterrestrial life". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2025-03-30.
34. ^ Stone, Richard (28 July 2022). "'Voyager on steroids.' Mission would probe mysterious region beyond our Solar System". Science. doi:10.1126/science.ade1070. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
35. ^ MacKenzie, Shannon M.; Kirby, Karen W.; Greenauer, Peter J.; Neveu, Marc; Gold, Rob; Davila, Alfonso; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Cable, Morgan; Craft, Kate; Eigenbrode, Jennifer; Glein, Christopher; Hofgartner, Jason; Mckay, Christopher; Phillips-Lander, Charity; Waite, Hunter; Burton, Dana; Seifert, Helmut; Boye, Jeff; Brock, Spencer; Chen, Michelle; Coker, Rob; Colonel, Grace; Criss, Tom; Crowley, Doug (14 October 2020). "Encealdus Orbilander: A Flagship Mission Concept for Astrobiology". NASA Technical Reports Server. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
36. ^ "NASA to Store Janus Spacecraft, Mission to Study Asteroid Systems – Janus". blogs.nasa.gov. 2023-07-11. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
37. ^ "Europe ending cooperation with Russia on life-hunting Mars rover". Space.com.

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