List of rulers of Paphlagonia

List of rulers of Paphlagonia, an ancient region and Hellenistic kingdom in northwestern Asia Minor.

## Legendary kings of Paphlagonia[edit]

(according to Flavius Josephus)

* Riphat, son of Gomer, grandson of Japheth (legendary ancestor of «Riphatheans, now called Paphlagonians»).

(according to classic Greek mythology)

* Tantalus the Elder, son of Zeus.
* Pelops, son of Tantalus.
* Broteas, son of Tantalus.
* Tantalus the Younger, son of Broteas.

(according to Homer's Iliad)

* Pylaemenes, son of Bilsates or Melius (king of the Eneti tribe of Paphlagonia).

## Satraps of Paphlagonia under the Achaemenid Empire and the Macedonian Empire[edit]

(native Paphlagonian dynasty)

* ca. 425–400 BCE: Corylas I.
* ca. 400–380 BCE: Cotys I, son or brother of Corylas I.
* ca. 380–364 BCE: Thuys I, son of Corylas I or Cotys I.

(Cappadocian dynasty)

* 364–362 BCE: Datames I of Cappadocia, son of Camissares of Cilicia.

(Achaemenid non-dynastic satraps)

* 362–353 BCE: Sysinas I.
* 353–334 BCE: Arsites I.

(Macedonian satraps)

* 334–325 BCE: Calas I, son of Harpalus of Elimiotis.
* 325–323 BCE: Demarchus I.
* 323–316 BCE: Eumenes I of Cardia.
* 316–306 BCE: Antigonus I Monophthalmus (king of Asia from 306 BCE).

To the kingdom of Antigonus I Monophthalmus in 306–302 BCE…

To the kingdom of Pontus in 302–276 BCE…

To Galatia from 276 BCE…

## Kings of Paphlagonia[edit]

(Galatian dynasty)

* ca. 200–170 BCE: Morzios I (in 182–179 BCE ruled only in South-Eastern part of country).
* 182–179 BCE: Gaizatorix I (an ally of Pharnaces I of Pontus; ruled in North-Western part of country).
* ca. 170–150 BCE: Morzios II, son of Morzios I.
* ca. 150–140 BCE: Pylaemenes I, son or brother of Morzios II.
* ca. 140–130 BCE: Pylaemenes II, son of Pylaemenes I (bequeathed his kingdom to Pontus after death).

(Pontian dynasty)

* 130–121 BCE: Mithridates I (V) Euergetes, son of Pharnaces I of Pontus.
* 121–119 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) [1st time].
* 121–119 BCE: Mithridates III (VII) Chrestus, son of Mithridates I (V) [co-ruler with brother].
* 121–119 BCE: Laodice (VI), daughter of Antiochus IV of Syria, widow of Mithridates I (V), mother of Mithridates II (VI) and Mithridates III (VII) [regentess].

(Galatian dynasty)

* 119–108 BCE: Astreodon I, relative (probably brother) of Pylaemenes II.

(Bithynian dynasty)

* 108– 89 BCE: Pylaemenes III Euergetes, son of Nicomedes III of Bithynia.

(Pontian dynasty)

* 89 – 84 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) [2nd time].

(Bithynian dynasty)

* 84 – 74 BCE: Nicomedes I (IV) Philopator, son of Nicomedes III of Bithynia.

To Roman Republic in 74–73 BCE…

(Pontian dynasty)

* 73 – 70 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) [3rd time].

To Roman Republic in 70–68 BCE…

(Pontian dynasty)

* 68 – 66 BCE: Mithridates II (VI) Eupator Dionysus, son of Mithridates I (V) [4th time].

To Roman Republic in 66–65 BCE…

## Client kings under Roman authority[edit]

(Bithynian dynasty)

* 65 – 51 BCE: Pylaemenes IV, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother).
* 65 – 48 BCE: Attalus I, son of Pylaemenes III (co-ruler with brother to 51 BCE) [1st time].

(Pontian dynasty)

* 48 – 47 BCE: Pharnaces I (II) of Bosporus, son of Mithridates II (VI).

(Bithynian dynasty)

* 47 – 40 BCE: Attalus I, son of Pylaemenes III [2nd time].

(Tectosagian dynasty)

* 40 – 36 BCE: Castor I (II) of Galatia, son of Castor (I) (tetrarch of the Tectosagi tribe in Galatia) and daughter of Deiotarus I of Galatia (tetrarch of the Tolistobogii tribe in Galatia, then king of Galatia).

To Roman Republic (under authority of Marcus Antonius) in 36–31 BCE…

(Tectosagian dynasty)

* 31 – 6 BCE: Deiotarus I (III) Philadelphus, son of Castor I (II).
* 31 – 27 BCE: Deiotarus II (IV) Philopator, son of Deiotarus I (III) [co-ruler with father].

To Roman Empire (under authority of Augustus) in 6 BCE (merged with Galatia).

## See also[edit]

* Paphlagonia
* Paphlagonia (theme)

## Sources[edit]

* Broughton, T. Robert S., The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol. I (1951)
* Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Vol III (1867)
* Truhart P., Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present. A Biographical Reference Book, Part 1: Antiquity Worldwide (2000).

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Hellenistic rulers

Argeads|

* Philip II
* Alexander III the Great
* Philip III Arrhidaeus
* Alexander IV

Antipatrids|

* Cassander
* Philip IV
* Alexander V
* Antipater II
* Antipater Etesias
* Sosthenes

Antigonids|

* Antigonus I Monophthalmus
* Demetrius I Poliorcetes
* Antigonus II Gonatas
* Demetrius II Aetolicus
* Antigonus III Doson
* Philip V
* Perseus
* Philip VI (pretender)

Ptolemies|

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* Ptolemy Keraunos
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* Ptolemy III Euergetes
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* Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
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* Ptolemy VIII Physcon
* Cleopatra III
* Ptolemy IX Lathyros
* Ptolemy X Alexander
* Berenice III
* Ptolemy XI Alexander
* Ptolemy XII Auletes
* Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
* Berenice IV Epiphanea
* Ptolemy XIII
* Ptolemy XIV
* Cleopatra VII Philopator
* Ptolemy XV Caesarion

Monarchs of Cyrene|

* Magas
* Berenice II
* Demetrius the Fair
* Ptolemy VIII Physcon
* Ptolemy Apion
* Cleopatra Selene II

Seleucids|

* Seleucus I Nicator
* Antiochus I Soter
* Antiochus II Theos
* Seleucus II Callinicus
* Seleucus III Ceraunus
* Antiochus III the Great
* Seleucus IV Philopator
* Antiochus IV Epiphanes
* Antiochus V Eupator
* Demetrius I Soter
* Alexander I Balas
* Demetrius II Nicator
* Antiochus VI Dionysus
* Diodotus Tryphon
* Antiochus VII Sidetes
* Alexander II Zabinas
* Cleopatra Thea
* Seleucus V Philometor
* Antiochus VIII Grypus
* Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
* Seleucus VI Epiphanes
* Antiochus X Eusebes
* Antiochus XI Epiphanes
* Demetrius III Eucaerus
* Philip I Philadelphus
* Antiochus XII Dionysus
* Cleopatra Selene I
* Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
* Philip II Philoromaeus

Lysimachids|

* Lysimachus
* Ptolemy Epigonos

Attalids|

* Philetaerus
* Eumenes I
* Attalus I
* Eumenes II
* Attalus II
* Attalus III
* Eumenes III

Greco-Bactrians|

* Diodotus I
* Diodotus II
* Euthydemus I
* Demetrius I
* Euthydemus II
* Antimachus I
* Pantaleon
* Agathocles
* Demetrius II
* Eucratides I
* Plato
* Eucratides II
* Heliocles I

Indo-Greeks|

* Demetrius I
* Antimachus I
* Pantaleon
* Agathocles
* Apollodotus I
* Demetrius II
* Antimachus II
* Menander I
* Zoilos I
* Agathokleia
* Lysias
* Strato I
* Antialcidas
* Heliokles II
* Polyxenos
* Demetrius III
* Philoxenus
* Diomedes
* Amyntas
* Epander
* Theophilos
* Peukolaos
* Thraso
* Nicias
* Menander II
* Artemidoros
* Hermaeus
* Archebius
* Telephos
* Apollodotus II
* Hippostratos
* Dionysios
* Zoilos II
* Apollophanes
* Strato II
* Strato III

Monarchs of Bithynia|

* Boteiras
* Bas
* Zipoetes I
* Nicomedes I
* Zipoetes II
* Etazeta (regent)
* Ziaelas
* Prusias I
* Prusias II
* Nicomedes II
* Nicomedes III
* Nicomedes IV
* Socrates Chrestus

Monarchs of Pontus|

* Mithridates I Ctistes
* Ariobarzanes
* Mithridates II
* Mithridates III
* Pharnaces I
* Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice
* Mithridates V Euergetes
* Mithridates VI Eupator
* Pharnaces II
* Darius
* Arsaces
* Polemon I
* Pythodorida
* Polemon II

Monarchs of Commagene|

* Ptolemaeus
* Sames II
* Mithridates I
* Antiochus I
* Mithridates II
* Antiochus II
* Mithridates III
* Antiochus III
* Antiochus IV

Monarchs of Cappadocia|

* Ariarathes I
* Ariarathes II
* Ariamnes II
* Ariarathes III
* Ariarathes IV
* Ariarathes V
* Orophernes
* Ariarathes VI
* Ariarathes VII
* Ariarathes VIII
* Ariarathes IX
* Ariobarzanes I
* Ariobarzanes II
* Ariobarzanes III
* Ariarathes X
* Archelaus

Monarchs of the
Cimmerian Bosporus|

* Paerisades I
* Satyros II
* Prytanis
* Eumelos
* Spartokos III
* Hygiainon (regent)
* Paerisades II
* Spartokos IV
* Leukon II
* Spartokos V
* Kamasarye
* Paerisades III
* Paerisades IV
* Paerisades V
* Mithridates I
* Pharnaces
* Asander with Dynamis
* Mithridates II
* Asander with Dynamis
* Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis
* Dynamis with Polemon
* Polemon
* Aspurgus
* Gepaepyris
* Mithridates III
* Cotys I

Monarchs of Epirus|

* Admetus
* Tharrhypas
* Alcetas I
* Neoptolemus I
* Arybbas
* Alexander I
* Aeacides
* Neoptolemus II
* Alcetas II
* Pyrrhus I
* Alexander II
* Olympias II (regent)
* Pyrrhus II
* Ptolemy
* Pyrrhus III
* Deidamia

Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

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Illyria|

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