List of ruling political parties by country

For other lists, see Lists of political parties.

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Part of the Politics series

Party politics

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Types

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Leaders and organization

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Internal elections

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Party discipline

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Party systems

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Coalitions between parties

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Lists of political parties

* Ruling parties by country
* Political parties by region
* Banned political parties

Politics portal

* v
* t
* e

This is a list of ruling political parties by country, in the form of a table with a link to an overview of political parties in each country and showing which party system is dominant in each country. A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. Individual parties are properly listed in separate articles under each nation.

The ruling party in a parliamentary system is the political party or coalition of the majority in parliament. It generally forms the central government.

Contents

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

* See also
* References
* Notes

## Table[edit]

### A[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Afghanistan | One-party[a] | Taliban

* * *

No parliamentary opposition | None; see 2021 takeover
Abkhazia | Multi-party | Independents, Amtsakhara

* * *

Aitaira | 2022 (parliament)
Åland | Multi-party | Centre, Moderate Coalition, ObS, Sustainable Initiative

* * *

Liberals, Social Democrats, Future of Åland, Ålandic Democracy[3] | 2019 (legislative)
Albania | Multi-party | Socialist Party of Albania, PSD

* * *

PD – Alliance for Change (PD, PR, PDIU, PAA, PLL, LZHK, PBDNJ), PL | 2021 (parliament)
Alderney | Non-partisan | Independents

* * *

No parliamentary opposition | 2022 (general)
Algeria | Multi-party | National Liberation Front, RND, Future Front, El-Bina

* * *

MSP, LP, FBG, FDJ, EFED, PLJ, Jil Jadid, FAN, El Karama, FNA, FFS | 2021 (legislative)
2019 (presidential)
Andorra | Multi-party | Democrats for Andorra, Committed Citizens, Action for Andorra

* * *

Concord, Social Democratic Party–Progressives, Andorra Forward | 2023 (parliament)
Angola | Dominant-party | People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola

* * *

UNITA, PRS, FNLA, PHA | 2022 (general)
Anguilla | Two-party | Anguilla Progressive Movement

* * *

Anguilla United Front | 2020 (general)

Antigua and
Barbuda

| Dominant-party | Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party

* * *

United Progressive Party, Barbuda People's Movement | 2023 (general)
Argentina | Multi-party | Frente de Todos (PJ, FR, Federal Commitment), SER, MPN

* * *

JxC (PRO, UCR), Federal Peronists (CF, VcV, PDC, PS, 3P), FIT-U (PO, PTS), AL-LA | 2023 (general)
2021 (legislative)
Armenia | Multi-party | Civil Contract, United Labour Party

* * *

HD (ARF, Reborn Armenia, One Armenia), I Have Honor Alliance (RPA, Homeland) | 2021 (parliament)
Aruba | Multi-party | People's Electoral Movement, RAIZ

* * *

AVP, Aruban Sovereignty Movement, RED, Accion 21 | 2021 (general)
Ascension | Non-partisan | Independents

* * *

No parliamentary opposition | 2022 (general)
Australia | Multi-party | Labor Party

* * *

Coalition (LP, NP) (opposition), Greens, Centre Alliance, KAP, One Nation, JLN | 2022 (federal)
Austria | Multi-party | Austrian People's Party, The Greens

* * *

Social Democratic Party, Freedom Party, NEOS | 2019 (legislative)
Azerbaijan | Dominant-party | New Azerbaijan Party, VHP, ADMP, VBP, AVP, BQP, Unity Party, MCP

* * *

DİP, REAL, BACXP  | 2024 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)

### B[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Bahamas | Two-party | Progressive Liberal Party

* * *

Free National Movement | 2021 (general)
Bahrain | Dominant-party | Pro-monarchy independents, Al Rabitah, Gathering of National Unity

* * *

Progressive Democratic Tribune | 2022 (general)
Bangladesh | Dominant-party | Awami League, Workers Party, JASAD

* * *

Jatiya Party (Ershad), Bangladesh Kalyan Party | 2024 (general)
Barbados | Two-party | Barbados Labour Party

* * *

Democratic Labour Party | 2022 (general)
Belarus | Dominant-party | Belaya Rus, Independents, Communist Party, RPTS

* * *

LDPB[b] | 2019 (parliament)
Belgium | Multi-party | PS, MR, Ecolo, CD&V, Open Vld, Groen, Vooruit

* * *

N-VA, Vlaams Belang, PTB/PVDA, Les Engagés, DéFI | 2019 (general)
Flanders | Multi-party | N-VA, CD&V, Open Vld

* * *

Vooruit, Groen, Vlaams Belang, PTB/PVDA | 2019 (parliament)
Wallonia | Multi-party | PS, MR, Ecolo

* * *

PTB/PVDA, Les Engagés | 2019 (parliament)
Brussels | Multi-party | PS, Ecolo, DéFI, Groen, Open Vld, Vooruit

* * *

MR, PTB/PVDA, LE, DierAnimal, N-VA, VB, CD&V, Agora | 2019 (parliament)
Belize | Two-party | People's United Party

* * *

United Democratic Party | 2020 (general)
Benin | Multi-party | Progressive Union for Renewal, Republican Bloc

* * *

The Democrats | 2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
Bermuda | Two-party | Progressive Labour Party

* * *

One Bermuda Alliance | 2020 (general)
Bhutan | Two-party | Bhutan United Party

* * *

Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party | 2023–24 (legislative)
Bolivia | Multi-party | Movement for Socialism

* * *

Civic Community (FRI), Creemos (PDC, UCS)  | 2020 (general)
Bonaire | Multi-party | Bonaire People's Movement

* * *

Bonaire Democratic Party, Bonaire Patriotic Union | 2019 (general)

Bosnia and
Herzegovina

| Multi-party | SNSD, HDZ BiH, NiP, SDP BiH, DNS, NS, ZNG, DEMOS, US, BHI KF

* * *

SDA, DF-Civic Alliance, SDS, PDP, NES, ZPR | 2022 (general)
Botswana | Dominant-party | Botswana Democratic Party

* * *

UDC (opposition), Botswana Patriotic Front, Alliance for Progressives | 2019 (general)
Brazil | Multi-party | FE Brasil (PT, PCdoB, PV), PSB, PDT, PSOL REDE Fdr. (PSOL, REDE), Avante, Solidariedade

* * *

PL, PSDB, NOVO | 2022 (general)
Brunei | One-party | Independents

* * *

No parliamentary opposition | No elections
Bulgaria | Multi-party | GERB–SDS, PP–DB

* * *

Revival, DPS, BSP for Bulgaria, ITN | 2021 (general)
2023 (legislative)

Burkina Faso

| Military junta | MPSR (civilian government suspended) | 2022 coups d'état
Burundi | Dominant-party | National Council for the Defense of Democracy

* * *

National Congress for Liberty, Union for National Progress | 2020 (general)

### C[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Cambodia | Dominant-party | Cambodian People's Party

* * *

FUNCINPEC | 2023 (parliament)
Cameroon | Dominant-party | Cameroon People's Democratic Movement

* * *

UNDP, SDF, CPNR, Cameroon Democratic Union, FNSC, MDR, USM | 2020 (parliament)
Canada | Multi-party | Liberal Party (minority), New Democratic Party

* * *

Conservative Party (main opposition), Bloc Québécois, Green Party | 2021 (federal)
Cape Verde | Multi-party | Movement for Democracy

* * *

PAICV (president's party), UCID | 2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
Cayman Islands | Two-party | Independents

* * *

People's Progressive Movement | 2021 (general)

Central African
Republic

| Multi-party | United Hearts Movement

* * *

Kwa Na Kwa, URCA, MLPC, MOUNI, RDC and others  | 2020-21 (general)
Chad | Military junta | National Transitional Council (no parliamentary opposition) | 2021 coup d'état
Chile | Multi-party | AD (PC, CS, RD, Comunes, AH, FREVS), SD (PS, PPD, PL, PR)

* * *

Chile Vamos (RN, UDI, Evópoli), PLR, PSC, PDC, PDG, AxCh, Democrats | 2021 (general)
China (PRC) | One-party | Chinese Communist Party, minor parties (JS, CAPD, CDL, CNDCA, CPWDP, RCCK, CZGP, TDSL) | 2023 (congressional)
Hong Kong | Dominant-party | Pro-Beijing camp (DAB, FTU, BPA, NPP, LP, FEW, FLU, Roundtable, PP, KWND, NP, NCF)

* * *

Third Side, Pro-democracy camp | 2021 (legislative)
2019 (local)
Macau | Dominant-party | Pro-Beijing camp (ACUM, UPD, UMG, UPP, ABL)

* * *

Pro-democracy camp (NE), Synergy Power | 2021 (legislative)
China (Taiwan)[c] | Multi-party | Democratic Progressive Party

* * *

Kuomintang, Taiwan People's Party | 2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
Colombia | Multi-party | PHxC, PLC, AV, Colombia Reborn, ASI, Citizen Force, Commons

* * *

CD, CR, LIGA, PVO, MIRA, PCC, PSUN, MSN, CJL | 2022 (legislative)
2022 (presidential)
Comoros | Dominant-party | Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros

* * *

Orange Party | 2020 (legislative)
Congo | Dominant-party | Congolese Party of Labour, MAR, RDPS

* * *

UPADS, UDH-Yuki, MAR, PRL, Club 2002, DRD, RDPS, APC, MUST, MDC, CPR, URDP, RC, MCDDI | 2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
DR Congo | Multi-party | President: UDPS; Parliament: Common Front for Congo

* * *

Parliamentary opposition: Lamuka, Heading for Change | 2018 (general)
2019 (senate)

Cook Islands

| Multi-party | Cook Islands Party, Pro-government independents

* * *

Democratic Party, Cook Islands United Party, One Cook Islands Movement | 2022 (general)
Costa Rica | Multi-party | Social Democratic Progress Party (minority)

* * *

PLN, PUSC, PNR, PLP, Broad Front | 2022 (general)
Croatia | Multi-party | Croatian Democratic Union (incl. HDS), SDSS, HSLS, HNS-LD, HSU

* * *

Social Democrats, SDP, Most, DP (incl. BLOK), Green–Left (We can!, NL), HS, Centre–Glas, HSS-RF, IDS-DDI, Focus (incl. NS-R) | 2020 (parliament)
Cuba | One-party | Communist Party of Cuba | 2023 (parliament)
Curaçao | Multi-party | MFK, National People's Party

* * *

PAR, Partido MAN, Kòrsou Esun Miho, Work for Curaçao  | 2021 (general)
Cyprus | Multi-party | Democratic Party, Democratic Alignment, EDEK

* * *

Democratic Rally, AKEL, ELAM, KOSP | 2023 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)

Czech Republic

| Multi-party | Spolu (ODS, KDU-ČSL, TOP 09), PaS (STAN, Pirates)

* * *

ANO 2011, Freedom and Direct Democracy | 2021 (legislative)
2023 (presidential)

### D[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Denmark | Multi-party | Social Democrats, Venstre, Moderates, Union Party, JF, Siumut, IA

* * *

Green Left, DD, Liberals, DKF, EL, RV, ALT, NB, DF | 2022 (general)
Djibouti | Dominant-party | Union for the Presidential Majority (RPP, FRUD, PND, PSD, UPR)

* * *

UDJ | 2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
Dominica | Dominant-party | Dominica Labour Party

* * *

No parliamentary opposition, Team Unity Dominica, United Workers' Party | 2022 (general)

Dominican Republic

| Multi-party | PRM, FA, APD, DxC, PHD, BIS, PRSD, PQDC, PCR

* * *

Dominican Liberation Party, FP, PRSC, PRD, ALPAÍS, PLR | 2020 (general)

### E[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

East Timor | Multi-party | National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, Democratic Party

* * *

FRETILIN, KHUNTO, People's Liberation Party | 2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
Ecuador | Multi-party | CREO, PSE, MC, MEU, Avanza, PSP, MDS, UE, MC25, Pachakutik, ID

* * *

Union for Hope (Citizen Revolution, CD), Social Christian Party | 2021 (general)
Egypt | Dominant-party | Independents, Nation's Future Party, RPP, New Wafd, HDP, MEP, SDP

* * *

CDM (RDP, ESDP, Justice) Tagammu, Conference, EFP, Al-Nour, EPM, EGP | 2023 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
El Salvador | Multi-party | Nuevas Ideas, GANA, PCN, PDC

* * *

ARENA, FMLN, Nuestro Tiempo, Vamos | 2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
Equatorial Guinea | Dominant-party | Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea

* * *

No parliamentary opposition, Convergence for Social Democracy | 2022 (general)
Eritrea | One-party | People's Front for Democracy and Justice | Elections postponed
Estonia | Multi-party | Reform Party, Estonia 200, Social Democratic Party

* * *

Conservative People's Party, Centre Party, Isamaa | 2023 (parliament)
Eswatini | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2018 (general)
Ethiopia | Dominant-party | Prosperity Party

* * *

NaMA, EZEMA, Gedeo People's Democratic Organization  | 2021 (general)
European Union | Multi-party | EPP, PES, ALDE

* * *

ECR, ID, EGP, EFA, PEL, EDP, ECPM | 2019 (parliament)

### F[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Falkland Islands | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2021 (general)
Faroe Islands | Multi-party | Social Democratic Party, Republic, Progress

* * *

Union Party, People's Party, Centre Party | 2022 (general)
Fiji | Multi-party | People's Alliance, National Federation Party, SODELPA

* * *

FijiFirst | 2022 (general)
Finland | Multi-party | National Coalition, Finns Party, Christian Democrats, Swedish People's Party

* * *

SDP, Centre Party, The Greens, Left Alliance, Movement Now | 2023 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
France | Multi-party | RE, MoDem, HOR, MR (minority)

* * *

RN (main opposition), LFI, LR, PS, EELV, PCF, DLF, REC | 2022 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
French Guiana | Multi-party | DVG, Péyi Guyane, La France Insoumise, MDES, Socialist Party

* * *

DVC, Guiana Rally, The Republicans | 2021 (regional)
French Polynesia | Multi-party | Tāvini Huiraʻatira

* * *

Tapura Huiraatira, A here ia Porinetia, ʻĀmuitahiraʻa | 2023 (legislative)

### G[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other Parties | Last election

|
|
|

Gabon | Military junta | CTRI (civilian government suspended) | 2023 coup d'état
Gambia | Multi-party | National People's Party, National Reconciliation Party, APRC

* * *

United Democratic Party, PDOIS | 2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
Georgia | Multi-party | Georgian Dream, People's Power

* * *

Strength Is in Unity (UNM, PdT), For Georgia, Girchi, ES, Strategy Builder, Lelo, Citizens, SRP, KdS, SK, EDP | 2020 (parliament)
Germany | Multi-party | Social Democratic Party, A90/Greens, Free Democratic Party

* * *

Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU/CSU), AfD, The Left | 2021 (federal)
Ghana | Two-party | New Patriotic Party

* * *

National Democratic Congress | 2020 (general)
Gibraltar | Multi-party | GSLP–Liberal Alliance (GSLP, LPG)

* * *

Gibraltar Social Democrats, Together Gibraltar | 2023 (general)
Greece | Multi-party | New Democracy

* * *

Syriza, PASOK-KINAL (PASOK, KIDISO), KKE, Greek Solution, Spartans, Victory, Course of Freedom | 2023 (legislative)
Greenland | Multi-party | Inuit Ataqatigiit, Naleraq, Atassut

* * *

Siumut, Democrats | 2021 (general)
Grenada | Two-party | National Democratic Congress

* * *

New National Party | 2022 (general)
Guadeloupe | Multi-party | GUSR, DVC

* * *

Plural Left | 2021 (regional)
Guatemala | Multi-party | Semilla, TBD

* * *

Vamos, UNE, Cabal, ViVa, Valor, VOS, Todos, Winaq-URNG, PPN, BIEN, Victoria, PA, CE, CREO, Cambio | 2023 (general)
Guernsey | Multi-party | Independents

* * *

Future Guernsey, Guernsey Party | 2020 (general)
Guinea | Military junta | CNRD (civilian government suspended) | 2021 coup d'état
Guinea-Bissau | Multi-party | PAI–Terra Ranka (PAIGC and others), PRS, PTG

* * *

Madem G15 (president's party), Assembly of the People United | 2019 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
Guyana | Multi-party | People's Progressive Party

* * *

People's National Congress (APNU, AFC) (official opposition), LJP–ANUG–TNM | 2020 (legislative)

### H[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Haiti | Multi-party | Non-partisan acting government

* * *

Parliament dissolved; PHTK, Inite, Haiti in Action, OPL, RDNP, FL, Renmen, PPD, UNCRH, PFSDH | 2016–17 (senate)
2016 (presidential)
Honduras | Multi-party | Libre, Savior Party of Honduras, PINU, Christian Democratic Party

* * *

National Party, Liberal Party, Anti-Corruption Party | 2021 (general)
Hungary | Dominant-party | Fidesz–KDNP (Fidesz, KDNP), LdU

* * *

United for Hungary (DK, Momentum, MSZP, Jobbik, Dialogue, LMP, MMM), MHM | 2022 (parliament)

### I[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Iceland | Multi-party | Independence Party, Progressive Party, Left-Green Movement

* * *

Samfylkingin, People's Party, Pirate Party, Liberal Reform Party, Centre Party | 2021 (parliament)
2020 (presidential)
India | Multi-party | NDA (BJP, SHS, RJLP, AD(S), AJSU, NDPP, NPP, NPF, MNF, SKM, JD(S), AGP)

* * *

INDIA (INC, DMK, AITC, AAP, JDU, CPI(M), SS(UBT), NCP, RJD, JKNC, IUML, JMM, SP, CPI, RSP, VCK, KC(M))
Others (YSRCP, BJD, BSP, BRS, TDP, SAD, AIMIM, AIUDF, RLP, AIADMK)  | 2019 (general)
Indonesia | Multi-party | KIM (PDI-P, Golkar, Gerindra, NasDem, PKB, PAN, PPP, Demokrat)

* * *

PKS | 2024 (general)
Iran | Dominant-party[d] | Principlists (SHANA, Stability Front, Jusice Seekers)

* * *

Reformists (MDP, ECP), independents  | 2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Iraq | Multi-party | Takadum, State of Law, PDK, Fatah, PUK, Azem, Victory Alliance, Babylon Movement

* * *

Emtidad, Naway Nwe, Tasmim, National Contract, Ishraq Kanoon, NPI, MDR, others  | 2021 (parliament)
Kurdistan | Multi-party | Kurdistan Democratic Party, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan

* * *

Gorran, Naway Nwe, Kurdistan Justice Group, Yekgirtû | 2018 (parliament)
Ireland | Multi-party | Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, Green Party

* * *

Sinn Féin, Labour Party, Social Democrats, PBP–S, Aontú, Right to Change | 2020 (general)
Isle of Man | Multi-party | Independents

* * *

Labour Party, Liberal Vannin Party | 2021 (general)
Israel | Multi-party |  Likud, National Unity (Resilience, New Hope), Shas, UTJ, Mafdal, Otzma, Noam

* * *

Yesh Atid, Yisrael Beiteinu, Ra'am, Hadash, Labor, Ta'al | 2022 (legislative)
Italy | Multi-party | Brothers of Italy, League, Forza Italia, Us Moderates, MAIE

* * *

PD–IDP (PD, Art. 1, DemoS, CD), MS5, A–IV, AVS, +E, SVP, UV | 2022 (general)
Ivory Coast | Dominant-party | Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RDR)

* * *

PDCI-RDA, Together for Democracy and Sovereignty, UDPCI, FPI | 2021 (parliament)

### J[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Jamaica | Two-party | Jamaica Labour Party

* * *

People's National Party | 2020 (general)
Japan | Dominant-party | Liberal Democratic Party, Komeito

* * *

Constitutional Democratic Party, Ishin, DPP, Communist Party, Reiwa, SDP, Sanseitō, NHK Party | 2021 (general)
2022 (Sangiin)
Jersey | Multi-party[e] | Independents

* * *

Reform Jersey, Jersey Liberal Conservatives, Progress Party | 2022 (general)
Jordan | Dominant-party[f] | Pro-monarchy independents, Jordanian United Front Party, National Loyalty Party

* * *

Islamic Action Front, Islamic Centre Party | 2020 (general)

### K[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Kazakhstan | Dominant-party | Amanat

* * *

Auyl, Respublica, Aq Jol, People's Party, JSDP | 2022 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
Kenya | Multi-party | Kenya Kwanza (UDA, ANC, UDM, FORD–K, PAA, MCC, UPIA, TSP, CCK, DP, MDG, GDDP, NAP, NOPEU)

* * *

Azimio (ODM, Jubilee, WDM-K, DAP-K, KANU, KUP, UPA, UDP) | 2022 (general)
Kiribati | Two-party | Tobwaan Kiribati Party

* * *

Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party | 2020 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
Korea (DPRK) | One-party | Workers' Party of Korea, other DFRK members (KSDP, Chondoist Chongu Party, Chongryon) | 2019 (parliament)
Korea (ROK) | Multi-party | People Power Party

* * *

Democratic Party, Justice Party, Basic Income Party, Transition Korea | 2022 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Kuwait | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2022 (general)
Kyrgyzstan | Multi-party | Mekenchil, Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan, Ishenim, Yntymak

* * *

Eldik, Alliance, United Kyrgyzstan, Light of Faith, SDK, Afghans' Party | 2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
Kosovo | Multi-party | LVV, Guxo, KDTP, NDS, IRDK, Vakat, LPRK, SDU, PAI

* * *

PDK, LDK, Serb List, AAK, JGP, RI | 2021 (parliament)

### L[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Laos | One-party | Lao People's Revolutionary Party | 2021 (parliament)
Latvia | Multi-party | New Unity (Unity), United List (LRA, LZP, LP), NA

* * *

ZZS (LZS, LSDSP, LuV), For Stability!, The Progressives, LPV | 2022 (parliament)
Lebanon | Multi-party | Acting gov't: FPM, Amal, Hezbollah, PSP, Marada, ARF, Al-Ahbash, Ba'ath, UP, JI

* * *

LF, Kataeb, Taqaddom, Al Haraka, Tahalof Watani, ReLebanon, Khatt Ahmar, Lana, Osos, NDP, PNO | 2022 (general)
Lesotho | Multi-party | Revolution for Prosperity, Alliance of Democrats, MEC

* * *

DC, ABC, BAP, LCD, SR, BNP, PFD, BCM, MPS, NIP, HOPE | 2022 (general)
Liberia | Two-party | Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC, NPP)

* * *

UP (main opposition), LP, ANC, PUP, ALP, MEE, MDR, LTP, UPP, VCP, LPP, LINU | 2023 (general)
Libya | Non-partisan | Government of National Unity, Government of National Stability

* * *

Independents  | 2014 (parliament)
Liechtenstein | Multi-party | Patriotic Union, Progressive Citizens' Party

* * *

Free List, Democrats for Liechtenstein | 2021 (general)
Lithuania | Multi-party | Homeland Union, Liberal Movement, Freedom Party

* * *

LVŽS, DSVL, LSDP, DP, LLRA–KŠS, LRP, NA, LKDP | 2020 (parliament)
2019 (presidential)
Luxembourg | Multi-party | Democratic Party, LSAP, The Greens

* * *

CSV, ADR, Pirate Party, The Left | 2023 (general)

### M[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Madagascar | Multi-party | Young Malagasies Determined, Freedom, ADN

* * *

Tiako I Madagasikara, independents, RPSD-Vaovao, MTS, GJPS, MDM, MATITA, Malagasy Miara Miainga | 2023 (presidential)
2019 (parliament)
Malawi | Multi-party | Malawi Congress Party, UTM, independents

* * *

DPP, UDF, People's Party, Alliance for Democracy | 2020 (presidential)
Malaysia | Multi-party | PH (PKR, DAP, Amanah, UPKO), BN (UMNO, MCA, MIC, PBRS), GPS (PBB, PRS, PDP, SUPP), GRS (PBS, STAR), Warisan, KDM, PBM

* * *

PN (PAS, BERSATU, GERAKAN), MUDA | 2022 (general)
Maldives | Multi-party | Maldivian Democratic Party, Jumhooree Party

* * *

PPM, People's National Congress, MDA,  | 2023 (presidential)

2024 (parliament)

Mali | Military junta | Malian Armed Forces (civilian government suspended) | 2021 coup d'état
Malta | Two-party | Labour Party

* * *

Nationalist Party | 2022 (general)

Marshall Islands

| Two-party | Independents (Aelon̄ Kein Ad, United Democratic Party)  | 2023 (general)
Mauritania | Multi-party | Equity Party, UDP, Trust (Islah, Karama, HATEM, Vadila, PMM), Justice (AND, NW), HIWAR

* * *

Tewassoul, Hope Mauritania, Sawab—RAG, AJD/MR, State of Justice | 2019 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
Mauritius | Multi-party | MSM, ML, OPR, MAG, Plateforme Militante

* * *

MMM, PMSD, Labour Party | 2019 (general)
Mayotte | Multi-party | The Republicans, NÉMA, DVD

* * *

MDM, Renaissance, DVC | 2021 (legislative)
Mexico | Multi-party | Morena, Green Party, Labor Party

* * *

PAN, PRI, Citizens' Movement, PRD | 2018 (general)
2021 (legislative)
Micronesia | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2023 (parliament)
Moldova | Multi-party | Party of Action and Solidarity

* * *

Bloc of Communists and Socialists (PSRM, PCRM), ȘOR bloc (de facto), Revival, MAN | 2021 (parliament)
Monaco | Multi-party | UNM (Priorité Monaco, Horizon Monaco, Union Monégasque)

* * *

No parliamentary opposition; New Ideas for Monaco | 2023 (parliament)
Mongolia | Multi-party | Mongolian People's Party

* * *

Democratic Party, Right Person Electorate Coalition | 2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Montenegro | Multi-party | PES!, DCG, SNP, Civis, ASh, FORCA, ZBCG (NSD, DNP), UCG

* * *

Together! (DPS, SD, UDSh), BS, URA, HGI | 2023 (legislative)
Montserrat | Two-party | Movement for Change and Prosperity

* * *

People's Democratic Movement | 2019 (general)
Morocco | Multi-party | National Rally of Independents, Istiqlal Party, Authenticity and Modernity Party

* * *

USFP, Popular Movement, PPS, Constitutional Union, PJD, MDS, FFD, AFG, PSU | 2021 (general)
Mozambique | Dominant-party | FRELIMO Party

* * *

RENAMO, Democratic Movement | 2019 (general)
Myanmar | Military junta | State Administration Council (civilian government suspended) | 2021 coup d'état

### N[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Namibia | Dominant-party | SWAPO Party of Namibia

* * *

PDM, LPM, NUDO, APP, UDF, Republican Party, NEFF, IPC, RDP, CDV, SWANU | 2019 (general)
Nauru | Multi-party | Independents, Nauru First

* * *

Opposition independents  | 2022 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
Nepal | Multi-party | NC, Socialist Front (CPN (MC), CPN (US), PSP-N), Janamat, NUP, LSP-N, NSP, RJM

* * *

CPN (UML), RSP, RPP, NWPP | 2022 (general)
Netherlands | Multi-party | VVD, CDA, D66, Christian Union

* * *

PVV, PvdA, GL, SP, PvdD, FvD, 50PLUS, SGP, Volt, JA21, DENK, BVNL, BBB, BIJ1 | 2023 (general)

New Caledonia

| Multi-party | Caledonian Union, FLNKS, L'EO, UNI, LKS, Labour Party

* * *

Future with Confidence, Caledonia Together, Generations NC | 2019 (legislative)
New Zealand | Multi-party | National Party, ACT New Zealand, New Zealand First

* * *

Labour Party (official opposition), Greens, Te Pāti Māori | 2023 (general)
Nicaragua | Dominant-party | Sandinista National Liberation Front, YATAMA

* * *

Constitutionalist Liberal Party, ALN, PLI, APRE, CCN | 2021 (general)
Niger | Military junta | CSNP (civilian government suspended) | 2023 coup d'état
Nigeria | Multi-party | All Progressives Congress

* * *

Peoples Democratic Party (official opposition), YPP, APGA, ADC, PRP | 2023 (general)
Niue | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2020 (general)

North Macedonia

| Multi-party | We Can (SDSM, NSDP, VMRO–NP, TDP, PDT, POPGM, SSM), DUI, AA, LDP, DPA, DOM

* * *

Renewal (VMRO-DPMNE, SPM, DPSM, GROM, ROM), Alternativa, Levica, Besa, DS | 2019 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)

Northern Cyprus

| Multi-party | National Unity Party, Democratic Party, Rebirth Party

* * *

Republican Turkish Party, People's Party | 2022 (parliament)
Norway | Multi-party | Labour Party, Centre Party

* * *

Conservative Party, FrP, SV, Liberal Party, Red Party, KrF, Green Party, Patient Focus | 2021 (parliament)

### O[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition | Last election

|
|
|

Oman | Non-partisan | Independents

* * *

No political parties | 2019 (general)

### P[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Pakistan | Multi-party | Pakistan Democratic Movement (PML(N), PPP, MMA, MQM-P, BNP-M, BAP, JWP, ANP)

* * *

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, PML(Q), GDA, AML | 2024 (general)
2022 crisis
Palau | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2020 (general)
Palestine | Multi-party | PLO (Fatah, PFLP, DFLP, PPP), National Initiative, Third Way

* * *

Hamas (de facto control of the Gaza Strip)  | 2006 (legislative)
Panama | Multi-party | Democratic Revolutionary Party, MOLIRENA

* * *

Democratic Change, Panameñista Party | 2019 (general)

Papua New Guinea

| Multi-party | Pangu, URP, NA, People's, SDP, PFP, PNGP, ULP, Advance, National, AP, Green, Liberal, MAP, NGP, ODP, PLP, PMC, PPP, PRP, Destiny, THE

* * *

People's National Congress Party | 2022 (general)
Paraguay | Multi-party | Colorado Party

* * *

PLRA, Guasú Front, PPQ, PDP, UNACE, GANAR, Hagamos Party, PEN, MCN | 2023 (general)
Peru | Multi-party | Non-partisan government; FP, AP, RP, AvP, APP, PDSP

* * *

Free Peru, Magisterial Bloc, Bicentennial Peru, PD, JP, PP | 2021 (general)
2022 crisis
Philippines | Multi-party | UniTeam (PFP, Lakas), Nacionalista, NPC, LDP, PDP–Laban, UNA, PMP, NUP, others

* * *

TRoPa (Liberal Party, Akbayan), PDSP, Makabayan, PDR, Aksyon, others  | 2022 (general)

Pitcairn Islands

| Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2021 (general)
Poland | Multi-party | KO (PO, .N, IPL, PZ, T!DPL, AU), TD (KP, PL2050), The Left (NL), The Left (Razem)

* * *

United Right (PiS, SP, Republicans, OdNowa RP), Kukiz'15, Confederation (NN, RN, KKP)  | 2020 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
Portugal | Multi-party | Socialist Party

* * *

Social Democratic Party, Chega, IL, PCP, Left Bloc, PAN, LIVRE | 2022 (parliament)
2021 (presidential)
Puerto Rico | Two-party | Popular Democratic Party

* * *

New Progressive Party (governor's party), MVC, PIP, PD | 2020 (general)

### Q[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition | Last election

|
|
|

Qatar | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2021 (general)

### R[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Romania | Multi-party | National Coalition for Romania (PSD, PNL), Ethnic minority parties

* * *

USR, AUR, UDMR/RMDSZ, FD, REPER, AD, NR, ROASIT | 2019 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Russia | Dominant-party | United Russia, LDPR, A Just Russia – For Truth, Rodina, Civic Platform

* * *

Communist Party, New People, Party of Growth | 2018 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
Rwanda | Dominant-party | Rwandan Patriotic Front

* * *

Social Democratic Party, PS-Imberakuri, PL, Democratic Greens | 2017 (presidential)
2018 (parliament)

### S[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Saint Helena | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2021 (general)

Saint Kitts
and Nevis

| Multi-party | Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party

* * *

Concerned Citizens' Movement, People's Labour Party, People's Action Movement | 2022 (general)
Saint Lucia | Two-party | Saint Lucia Labour Party

* * *

United Workers Party | 2021 (general)

Saint Pierre
and Miquelon

| Two-party | Archipelago Tomorrow (LR)

* * *

Together for the Future (PRG) | 2022 (legislative)

Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines

| Two-party | Unity Labour Party

* * *

New Democratic Party | 2020 (general)
Samoa | Two-party | Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi, Samoa National Democratic Party

* * *

Human Rights Protection Party | 2021 (general)
San Marino | Multi-party | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party, RETE Movement, DML, NplR

* * *

Libera, Future Republic | 2019 (general)

São Tomé
and Príncipe

| Multi-party | Independent Democratic Action

* * *

MLSTP/PSD, MCI/PS-PUN, Basta | 2021 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
Saudi Arabia | One-party | Council of Ministers (no parliamentary opposition) | No elections
Senegal | Dominant-party | United in Hope (APR, AFP, PS), Bokk Gis Gis

* * *

Liberate the People (PASTEF, PUR, TS), Wallu Sénégal (PDS), MPR, AAR | 2019 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
Serbia | Dominant-party | AV–ZMS (SNS, PSS, SNP, PS, SPO, NSS), SPS–ZS, SDPS, PUPS, SPP–DSHV–USS, JS, VMSZ

* * *

PE (SSP, PSG, PZP, Sloga, Fatherland), NADA (NDSS, POKS), DS, Narodna, NPS–EU–NLS, SSZ, Dveri, Together, ZLF | 2023 (legislative)
2022 (general)
Seychelles | Two-party | Linyon Demokratik Seselwa (Seychelles National Party, Seychellois Alliance, SPSJD, SUP)

* * *

United Seychelles | 2020 (general)
Sierra Leone | Two-party | Sierra Leone People's Party

* * *

All People's Congress | 2023 (general)
Singapore | Dominant-party | People's Action Party

* * *

Workers' Party, Progress Singapore Party | 2020 (general)
Sint Maarten | Multi-party | National Alliance, United People's Party

* * *

USP, Party for Progress, UD | 2020 (general)
Slovakia | Multi-party | Smer–SD, Hlas–SD, Slovak National Party

* * *

Progressive Slovakia, OĽaNO and Friends, KDH, SASKA | 2023 (parliament)
Slovenia | Multi-party | Freedom Movement, Social Democrats, The Left

* * *

Slovenian Democratic Party, New Slovenia | 2022 (parliament)

Solomon Islands

| Multi-party | Independents, Kadere Party, Democratic Alliance Party, People's Alliance Party

* * *

Democratic Party, United Democratic Party, United Party, People First Party, SIPRA | 2019 (general)
Somalia | Multi-party | Independents, Forum for National Parties (UPD (president's party))

* * *

Tayo | 2022 (presidential)
Somaliland | Multi-party | Waddani, Justice and Welfare Party

* * *

Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party (president's party) | 2017 (presidential)
2021 (parliamentary)
South Africa | Dominant-party | African National Congress

* * *

DA (official opposition), EFF, IFP, FF+, ACDP, UDM, ATM, Good, NFP, AIC, COPE | 2019 (general)
South Ossetia | Dominant-party | Independents, Nykhaz (president's party)

* * *

United Ossetia, People's Party, Unity of the People, Communist Party | 2019 (parliament)
South Sudan | Dominant-party | Sudan People's Liberation Movement

* * *

SPLM-in-Opposition, South Sudan Opposition Alliance | 2010 (general)
Spain | Multi-party | PSOE, Sumar (SMR, IU, Podemos, CatComú, MM, Compromís, CHA, Més), ERC, EH Bildu, EAJ/PNV, Junts, BNG, CCa

* * *

People's Party, Vox, UPN | 2023 (general)
Sri Lanka | Multi-party | SLPFA (Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, EPDP, MEP, TMVP), UNP

* * *

Samagi Jana Balawegaya, FPA (SLFP, ULS, FPC), TNA, NPP, TNPF, TPNA | 2022 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
Sudan | Military junta | Transitional Sovereignty Council (no parliamentary opposition) | Transition to democracy
Suriname | Multi-party | VHP, ABOP, National Party of Suriname, Pertjajah Luhur

* * *

National Democratic Party, Brotherhood and Unity in Politics | 2020 (general)
Sweden | Multi-party | Moderate Party, Christian Democrats, Liberals, Sweden Democrats

* * *

Social Democratic Party, Left Party, Centre Party, Green Party | 2022 (general)
Switzerland | Multi-party | Swiss People's Party, Social Democrats, FDP.The Liberals, The Centre

* * *

Green Party, Green Liberals, Evangelical Party, Federal Democrats, Ticino League, MCG
Syria | Dominant-party | NPF (Ba'ath, SSNP, SUP, SCP–B, ASU, SCP–U, NCP, ADU, DSUP)

* * *

No parliamentary opposition; Syrian opposition | 2020 (parliament)
2021 (presidential)

### T[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Tajikistan | Dominant-party | People's Democratic Party, Agrarian Party, Communist Party

* * *

Party of Economic Reforms, Democratic Party, Socialist Party | 2020 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
Tanzania | Dominant-party | Chama Cha Mapinduzi

* * *

Chadema, Civic United Front, Alliance for Change and Transparency | 2020 (general)
Zanzibar | Dominant-party | Chama Cha Mapinduzi

* * *

Alliance for Democratic Change, AFP, TADEA | 2020 (general)
Thailand | Multi-party | PTP, BJT, PPRP, UTN, Chart Thai Pattana, Prachachat, PTRP, Chart Pattana Kla, TLP, PSMP, Thai Counties, Democrat, NDP, New Party, TTP

* * *

Move Forward, Thai Sang Thai, Fair | 2023 (general)
Tigray Region | Dominant-party | Tigray People's Liberation Front

* * *

National Congress of Great Tigray, TIP, SAWET, ADP | 2020 (parliament)
Togo | Dominant-party | Union for the Republic

* * *

Union of Forces for Change, NET, MPDD, PDP, MRC | 2020 (presidential)
2018 (parliament)
Tokelau | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2020 (general)
Tonga | Two-party | Independents, Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands, Tongan nobles

* * *

Independents, Tonga People's Party | 2021 (general)
Transnistria | Dominant-party | Obnovlenie

* * *

No parliamentary opposition; Transnistrian Communist Party | 2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)

Trinidad
and Tobago

| Two-party | People's National Movement

* * *

United National Congress | 2020 (general)
Tobago | Two-party | Progressive Democratic Patriots

* * *

Tobago Council of the People's National Movement | 2021 (legislative)
Tunisia | Multi-party | Non-partisan government; 25th of July Movement

* * *

People's Movement | 2019 (president)
2022–23 (parliament)
Turkey | Multi-party | Justice and Development Party, Nationalist Movement Party, Great Unity Party

* * *

CHP, HDP, İYİ Parti, TIP, Homeland Party, DP, ZP, DEVA, DBP, Saadet, YP | 2023 (president)
2023 (parliament)
Turkmenistan | Dominant-party | Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, Agrarian Party, TSTP

* * *

No parliamentary opposition | 2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)

Turks and
Caicos Islands

| Two-party | Progressive National Party

* * *

People's Democratic Movement | 2021 (general)
Tuvalu | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2024 (general)

### U[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Uganda | Dominant-party | National Resistance Movement

* * *

NUP, FDC, Democratic Party, UPC, JEEMA, PPP | 2021 (general)
Ukraine | Multi-party | Servant of the People, For the Future, Dovira

* * *

YeS, Batkivshchyna, Holos, PZZhM, Restoration of Ukraine | 2019 (president)
2019 (parliament)

United Arab
Emirates

| Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2019 (parliament)
United Kingdom | Multi-party | Conservative Party

* * *

Labour (opposition), Lib Dems, SNP, DUP, Sinn Féin, Plaid Cymru, SDLP, Alba, Greens, APNI, Workers, Reform | 2019 (general)

Northern Ireland

| Multi-party | Sinn Féin, DUP, Alliance, UUP

* * *

SDLP, TUV, People Before Profit | 2022 (parliament)
Scotland | Multi-party | Scottish National Party, Scottish Greens

* * *

Conservatives, Labour, Liberal Democrats | 2021 (parliament)
Wales | Multi-party | Labour

* * *

Conservatives (official opposition), Plaid Cymru, Lib Dems | 2021 (parliament)
United States | Two-party | Democratic Party

* * *

Republican Party (majority in U.S. House) | 2020 (general)
2022 (legislative)
Uruguay | Multi-party | National Party, Colorado Party, CA, PI, Partido de la Gente

* * *

Broad Front, PERI | 2019 (general)
Uzbekistan | Multi-party | Liberal Democratic Party, Milliy Tiklanish

* * *

Justice Social Democratic Party, XDP, O'EP | 2021 (presidential)
2019-20 (parliament)

### V[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Vanuatu | Multi-party | UMP, RMC, LPV, GJP, NUP, PPP, VNDP, Laverwo

* * *

Vanua'aku Pati, RDP, Iauko Group, Nagriamel, PUDP, VPDP, UCM, NCM | 2022 (general)
Vatican City | Non-partisan | Independents (no parliamentary opposition) | 2013 (papal conclave)
Venezuela | Dominant-party | GPPSB (PSUV, PPT, Tupamaro, MSV, PODEMOS, APC, MEP, ORA, UPP)

* * *

Democratic Alliance (AD, AP, El Cambio, PV, Copei), APR (PCV)  | 2020 (parliament)
2018 (presidential)
Vietnam | One-party | Communist Party of Vietnam, Fatherland Front | 2021 (parliament)

British Virgin Islands

| Multi-party | Virgin Islands Party

* * *

NDP, Progressive Virgin Islands Movement, Progressives United  | 2019 (general)

U.S. Virgin Islands

| Multi-party | Democratic Party

* * *

Republican Party, Independent Citizens Movement | 2022 (gubernatorial)

### W[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Wallis and Futuna | Non-partisan | Independents (no political parties) | 2022 (legislative)
Western Sahara | One-party | Polisario Front | 2023 (legislative)

### Y[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Yemen | Dominant-party | General People's Congress[g]

* * *

Al-Islah, Yemeni Socialist Party, Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation, Ba'ath Party | 2012 (presidential)
2003 (parliament)
See also 2014–2015 takeover

### Z[edit]

Country | Party system | Ruling party or coalition

* * *

Other parties | Last election

|
|
|

Zambia | Multi-party | United Party for National Development

* * *

Patriotic Front, Party of National Unity and Progress | 2021 (general)
Zimbabwe | Dominant-party | Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front

* * *

Citizens Coalition for Change | 2023 (general)

## See also[edit]

* List of basic political science topics
* List of current heads of state and government
* List of democracy and elections-related topics
* List of election results
* List of frivolous parties
* List of national leaders
* Lists of political parties by United Nations geoscheme

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ All political parties are banned as "un-Islamic". The Taliban is the only legal political force in the current regime.[1][2]
2. ^ The Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus asserts that it is an opposition party, but supports the presidency of Alexander Lukashenko nonetheless.
3. ^ See also Political status of Taiwan and One China
4. ^ Iran's parties must adhere to a religious system of governance.
5. ^ Independent politicians dominate Jersey's political system.
6. ^ Independent pro-monarchy politicians dominate Jordan's political system.
7. ^ Competing factions of the General People's Congress are in charge of different parts of the country in the course of the ongoing civil war. In North Yemen, the Houthi movement-aligned faction loyal to party founder Ali Abdullah Saleh only partially shares power with the movement.[4]

## References[edit]

1. ^ Azadi, RFE/RL's Radio. "Taliban Bans Political Parties In Afghanistan After Declaring Them Un-Islamic". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
2. ^ "Taliban Ban Afghan Political Parties, Citing Sharia Violations". VOA. 2023-08-16. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
3. ^ "Ny regering på Åland | Ålands landskapsregering". www.regeringen.ax. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
4. ^ Tawfeek al-Ganad (20 September 2022). "Weak and Divided, the General People's Congress Turns 40". Sana'a Center For Strategic Studies. Sanaa. Retrieved 11 February 2023.

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