List of wars involving Georgia (country)

Wars involving Georgia

Part of a series on the

History of Georgia

Prehistoric Georgia

* Shulaveri–Shomu culture
Kura–Araxes culture
Legend of Kartlos
Trialeti culture
Colchian culture
Diauehi
Mushki

Ancient history

* Colchis
Aryan Kartli
Kingdom of Iberia
Pharnavazid dynasty
Georgia in the Roman era
Artaxiad dynasty of Iberia
Campaign of Pompey
Iberian–Armenian War
Lazica
Arsacid dynasty of Iberia
Sasanian Iberia
Chosroid dynasty
Christianization of Iberia

Middle Ages

* Iberian War
Lazic War
Principality of Iberia
Umayyad invasion of Georgia
Arab rule in Georgia
Emirate of Tbilisi
Duchy of Tao
Duchy of Klarjeti
Bagrationi dynasty
Kingdom of Hereti
Kingdom of the Iberians
Kingdom of Abkhazia
Theme of Iberia
Duchy of Kldekari
Unification of the Georgian realm
Kingdom of Georgia
Duchy of Racha
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
Byzantine–Georgian wars
Great Turkish Invasion
Georgian–Seljuk wars
Georgian Golden Age
Mongol invasions of Georgia
Kingdom of Eastern Georgia
Kingdom of Western Georgia
Armenia within the Kingdom of Georgia
Timurid invasions of Georgia
Turkoman invasions of Georgia
Duchy of Aragvi
Collapse of the Georgian realm

Early modern history

* Duchy of Ksani
Samtskhe-Saatabago
Kingdom of Kartli
Kingdom of Kakheti
Kingdom of Imereti
Principality of Guria
Principality of Svaneti
Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Abkhazia
Safavid Georgia
Childir Eyalet
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti

Modern history

* Georgia within the Russian Empire
1832 Georgian plot
Gurian Republic
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Democratic Republic of Georgia
Red Army invasion of Georgia
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Georgia since 1991
Russo-Georgian War

History by topic

* Etymology
* Monarchs
* States
* Tbilisi
* Military history
* Wars
* Battles
* Chronology

This is a list of military conflicts involving Georgia and its predecessor states. The list gives the name, the date, the combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:

Georgian victory
Georgian defeat

Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result,
status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)

Ongoing conflict

## Colchis and Iberia

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1112-845 BC  | Assyrian Invasion of Diauehi[1] | Diauehi,

Colchis

| Assyrian Empire | Defeat

• Battle of Tao 1112BC [1] • Capture of Artvin 845BC [1]

720s BC  | Scytho-Cimmerian invasion of Colchis | Colchis | Scythians
Cimmerians | Defeat
65 BC  | Pompey's campaign of Georgia |  Kingdom of Iberia
Colchis |  Roman Republic | Defeat

* Vassalization of Iberia
* Annexation of Colchis

35-54  | Iberian–Armenian War |  Kingdom of Iberia
Roman Empire (35-50, 52-54)  |  Kingdom of Armenia
Parthian Empire
Roman Empire (50-51)  | Inconclusive

* Iberia subjugates Armenia, but subsequently retreats under pressure from the Parthians.

58-63  | Roman–Parthian War of 58–63 |  Roman Empire
Sophene
Lesser Armenia
Kingdom of Iberia
Commagene
Kingdom of Pontus |  Kingdom of Armenia
Parthian Empire | Defeat

* Treaty of Rhandeia
* Arsacids established on Armenian throne

## Early Medieval fragmentation

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

526-532  | Iberian War |  Byzantine Empire
Kingdom of Iberia
Ghassanids
Huns
Heruli
Kingdom of Aksum
Kingdom of Kinda |  Sasanian Empire
Lakhmid kingdom
Sabirs | Inconclusive

* Perpetual Peace (532)

541-562  | Lazic War |  Byzantine Empire
Lazica (548-562)  |  Sasanian Empire
Lazica (541-548)  | Inconclusive[2]

* Fifty-Year Peace Treaty

602-628  | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628

* Perso-Turkic war of 627–629

|  Sasanian Empire
Avars (and Slavic allies)
Sasanian Iberia
Jewish and Samaritan rebels (c. 614)
Lakhmids
Lombards
Visigoths |  Byzantine Empire
Western Turkic Khaganate
Ghassanids | Defeat

* End of Sasanian Iberia

627-764  | Khazar–Georgian wars [ka] |  Principality of Iberia | Khazar Khaganate | Inconclusive
643-655  | Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri's invasions of Georgia [ka] |  Principality of Iberia | Rashidun Caliphate | Defeat

* Beginning of the Arab rule in Georgia

729-730  | Al-Jarrah ibn Abdallah's invasion of Georgia [ka] |  Principality of Iberia

Khazar Khaganate

| Umayyad Caliphate | Victory
735-737  | Invasion of Marwan the Deaf |  Principality of Iberia
Kingdom of Abkhazia | Umayyad Caliphate | Defeat
840-842  | Khalid ibn Yazid al-Shaybani's invasion of Georgia [ka] | Emirate of Tbilisi

Principality of Kakheti

|  Abbasid Caliphate

* Arminiya

Principality of Tao

| Victory
853  | Bugha al-Kabir's invasion of Georgia [ka] | Emirate of Tbilisi

Kingdom of Abkhazia
Tsanars

|  Abbasid Caliphate

* Arminiya

Principality of Tao Principality of Kakheti

| Victory

• Bugha the Turk withdraws from the Caucasus

881-891  | Dynastic strife in Iberia | Adarnase IV of Iberia
Bagratid Armenia
Bagrat I of Klarjeti | Nasra of Tao-Klarjeti
Kingdom of Abkhazia
Alania

* * *

Gurgen I of Tao

| Establishment of the Kingdom of the Iberians under Adarnase IV of Iberia
993-998  | David III's campaigns against the Muslims |  Kingdom of the Iberians
Bagratid Armenia | Marwanids
Rawadid dynasty | Victory

## Kingdom of Georgia

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1012–1199  | Georgian–Shaddadid wars |  Kingdom of Georgia | Shaddadid dynasty | Victory

* Fall of the Shaddadid dynasty

1014-1022  | Byzantine–Georgian war (1014-1022)[3] |  Kingdom of Georgia
Bagratid Armenia
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti |  Byzantine Empire | Defeat

* Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1022

1028  | Byzantine–Georgian war (1028) |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Byzantine Empire | Victory

•Battle of Kldekari (1028)[4]

• Byzantine–Georgian treaty of 1031

1033-1058  | Georgian civil war of 1033-1058 |  Kingdom of Georgia
Varangians |  Demetrius of Anacopia (1033-1042)
Liparit IV of Kldekari (1039-1060)
Byzantine Empire
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget | Bagrat IV was recognized as king
1046-1303  | Georgian–Seljuk wars |  Kingdom of Georgia

* Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
* Kipchaks
* Alania
* Shirvanshahs

| Seljuk Empire

* Eldiguzids
* Emirate of Tbilisi
* Shaddadids
* Shah-Armens
* Artuqids
* Saltukids

Sultanate of Rum

| Victory
1064-1068  | Alp Arslan's invasions of Georgia |  Kingdom of Georgia | Seljuk Empire
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
Emirate of Tbilisi
Shaddadids | Defeat
1117-1124  | Georgian conquest of Shirvan |  Kingdom of Georgia | Seljuk Empire
Shirvanshahs | Victory

* Conquest of Shirvan

1190-1193  | Revolt of Yury Bogolyubsky |  Kingdom of Georgia | Yury Bogolyubsky | Victory

* Yury Gives Up

1204  | Georgian expedition to Chaldia [ka] |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Byzantine Empire | Victory

* Foundation of the Empire of Trebizond

1204-1210  | Ayyubid–Georgian wars [ka][5] |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Ayyubid Empire

* Emirs of Homs
* Emirs of Hama
* Emirs of Baalbek

| Inconclusive

* Thirty Years' Truce

1209-1211  | Georgian campaign against the Eldiguzids |  Kingdom of Georgia | Eldiguzids | Victory

* The Eldiguzids became vassals of Georgia

1225-1228  | Khwarazmian invasions of Georgia [ka][6] |  Kingdom of Georgia | Khwarazmian Empire | Defeat
1220-1236  | Mongol invasions of Georgia |  Kingdom of Georgia | Mongol Empire | Defeat
1241-1335  | Mongol invasions of Anatolia | Mongol Empire

Cilician Armenia
Kingdom of Georgia

* * *

Ilkhanate

|  Seljuk Sultanate of Rum

Anatolian beyliks

| Victory
1260-1323  | Mongol invasions of the Levant |  Ilkhanate

Cilician Armenia
Kingdom of Georgia
Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
Antioch-Tripoli
Golden Horde (before 1264)
Kingdom of Jerusalem
Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller

|  Mamluk Sultanate

Ayyubid remnants
Nizari Ismailis of Syria
Golden Horde (after 1264)
Karamanid rebels
Abbasid Caliphate

| Defeat
1302-1303  | Azat Mousa's invasion of Georgia |  Principality of Samtskhe |  Sultanate of Rum | Victory
14th century  | Vameq's invasion of Jiketi[7][citation needed][failed verification] |  Duchy of Mingrelia | Kingdom of Zichia | Victory
1315-1345  | George V Brilliant’s Campaign against the Mongols[8] |  Kingdom of Georgia

* Duchy of Racha

|  Ilkhanate

* Duchy of Aragvi
* Chobanids
* Alans

| Victory

* Mongolians Expelled from Georgia

1386-1403  | Timurid invasions of Georgia |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Timurid Empire | Defeat

* Truce of Shamkor

1386-1387  | Bagrat Liberation Expedition[9][10] |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Timurid Empire | Victory
1395-1397  | Timurid invasions of Simsim | Simsim

* Kingdom of Georgia

|  Timurid Empire | Defeat

* Decline of Simsim
* Partial extermination of the inhabitants of Simsim

1405  | George's campaign against the Timurids[11] |  Kingdom of Georgia |  Timurid Empire | Victory

* George succeeded in expanding Georgia's borders temporarily to their former extent.[11]

1407-1502  | Turkoman invasions of Georgia |  Kingdom of Georgia
Shirvanshah
Safavid Empire (1502)  | Qara Qoyunlu (1407-1468)
Aq Qoyunlu (1468-1502)  | Victory

* End of invasions against Georgia and consolidation of Safavids in Persia

1463-1493  | Georgian civil war of 1463–1491 [Fr] |  Kingdom of Georgia
Duchy of Mingrelia |  Kingdom of Imereti
Principality of Samtskhe
Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Guria
Principality of Svaneti
Principality of Abkhazia

* * *

Kingdom of Kakheti

| Fall of Kingdom of Georgia

## Kingdoms and principalities

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1508  | Georgian campaign (1508) |  Ottoman Empire |  Kingdom of Imereti | Defeat
1533  | Mamia's invasion of Jiketi[12][citation needed][failed verification] |  Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Guria | Kingdom of Zichia | Defeat

* The allies won the first battle, but the Circassians defeated the allies in the second battle

1547  | Ottoman invasion of Guria |  Principality of Guria |  Ottoman Empire | Defeat
1541-1566  | Tahmasp I's campaigns in Kartili and Kakheti |  Kingdom of Kakheti
Kingdom of Kartli |  Safavid Iran | Defeat
1578-1590  | Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590)

* Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign

|  Safavid Iran
Kingdom of Kartli (1578-1588)
Kingdom of Kakheti (1578)
Principality of Samtskhe (1578, 1582–1587)
Principality of Guria (1583-1587)  |  Ottoman Empire
Crimean Khanate
Kingdom of Imereti
Principality of Guria (1578-1583, after 1587)
Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Samtskhe (1578-1582)
Shaybanids
Circassia | Ottoman victory

* Treaty of Istanbul (1590)

1596–1597  | Daryal war |  Kabardia (East Circassia) |  Vainakh tribes
Kingdom of Kartli | Defeat
1603-1612  | Ottoman–Safavid war (1603–1612) |  Safavid Iran

* Kingdom of Kartli
* Kingdom of Kakheti

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory

* Treaty of Nasuh Pasha

1614-1617  | Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns |  Kingdom of Kakheti
Kingdom of Kartli |  Safavid Iran | Defeat
1623-1658  | War of the Kingdom of Imereti (1623-1658) [fr] |  Kingdom of Imereti
Salipartiano (from 1657)  |  Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Guria
Principality of Abkhazia
Kingdom of Kartli
Childir Eyalet | Imeretian victory

* Imereti restores hegemony over western Georgia

1703  | Ottoman invasion of western Georgia |  Ottoman Empire |  Kingdom of Imereti
Principality of Guria
Principality of Mingrelia | Victory
1722-1723  | Russo-Persian War (1722–1723) |  Russian Empire
Ukrainian Cossacks
Kingdom of Kartli |  Safavid Iran | Victory

* Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723)

1730-1735  | Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735)

* Caucasus Campaign (1735)

|  Safavid Iran

* Kingdom of Kakheti (from 1732)
* Kingdom of Kartli (from 1735)
* Quba Khanate (from 1734)

Shamkhalate of Tarki (from 1734)

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory

* Treaty of Constantinople (1736)
* Treaty of Ganja

1738-40  | Nader Shah's invasion of India[13][14] |  Afsharid Empire
Kingdom of Kakheti |  Mughal Empire
Hyderabad State
Oudh | Victory
1768-1774  | Russo-Turkish War (1768–74) |  Russian Empire

* Zaporozhian Host

Greek insurgents
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
Kingdom of Imereti

|  Ottoman Empire

* Crimean Khanate

| Victory

* Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca

1796  | Persian expedition of 1796 |  Russian Empire
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti | Qajar Iran | Russian withdrawal

* Tactical Russian victory
* Strategic Persian victory

1804  | 1804 Mtiuleti rebellion | Georgian and Ossetian rebels  |  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1804-1813  | Russo-Persian War (1804-1813) |  Russian Empire
Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Abkhazia | Qajar Iran | Victory

* Treaty of Gulistan

1806-1812  | Russo-Turkish War (1806–12) |  Russian Empire
Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Guria
Principality of Abkhazia (1810-1812)
Wallachia |  Ottoman Empire
Crimean Khanate
Principality of Abkhazia (1808-1810)  | Victory

* Treaty of Bucharest (1812)

1812  | Kakheti rebellion  | Georgian rebels  |  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1819-1820  | Imereti rebellion  | Georgian rebels  |  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1828-1829  | Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) |  Russian Empire

* Kutaisi Governorate
* Tiflis Governorate
* Armenian Oblast

Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Guria
Principality of Svaneti
Principality of Abkhazia
Supported by:
France
United Kingdom

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory

* Treaty of Adrianople (1829)

1841  | Guria rebellion  | Georgian rebels  |  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1853-1856  | The Caucasus front of the Crimean War |  Russian Empire

* Kutaisi Governorate
* Tiflis Governorate
* Erivan Governorate

Principality of Mingrelia
Principality of Abkhazia (1853-1855)

|  Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire
Principality of Abkhazia (1855-1856)  | The victory at the front, but the defeat of Russia in the war[citation needed]
1856-1857  | Mingrelia Uprising  | Georgian rebels  |  Russian Empire,

Mingrels

| Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1722-1864  | Russo-Circassian War |  Russian Empire

* Kalmyk Khanate
* Principality of Mingrelia (1803–1864)
* Principality of Guria (1810–1829)
* Principality of Svaneti (1810-1859)

|  Circassian Confederation
Kabardia (East Circassia) (until 1822)
Principality of Abkhazia | Victory

* Annexation of Circassia by the Russian Empire

1875-1876  | Svaneti uprising of 1875-1876 | Georgian rebels  |  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Decisive Russian army victory

1817-1864  | Caucasian War |  Russian Empire

* Kuban Cossacks
* Shamkhalate of Tarki
* Principality of Guria (until 1829)
* Principality of Svaneti (until 1859)
* Principality of Mingrelia

|  Circassian Confederation
Caucasian Imamate<bir> Principality of Abkhazia | Victory

* Russian annexation of the North Caucasus

1877-1878  | Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) |  Russian Empire

* Kutaisi Governorate
* Tiflis Governorate
* Erivan Governorate
* Dagestan Oblast
* Terek Oblast
* Baku Governorate
* Kuban Oblast
* Elisabethpol Governorate

|  Ottoman Empire

* Trebizond Vilayet
* Erzurum Vilayet
* Bitlis Vilayet
* Van Vilayet
* Sivas Vilayet

| Victory

* Treaty of San Stefano

1914-1918  | World War I | Allied Powers

* Russian Empire
* Georgians within the Russian Empire
* France
* United Kingdom
* Serbia
* Belgium
* Japan
* Montenegro
* Luxembourg
* Italy (from 1915)
* Romania
(from 1916)
* Portugal (from 1916)
* United States
(from 1917)
* Greece (from 1917)
* China (from 1917)

| Central Powers

* German Empire
* Georgian Legion
* Austria-Hungary
* Ottoman Empire
* Sultanate of Darfur (until 1916)
* Bulgaria (from 1915)
* Jabal Shammar (from 1915)

| Allied victory

* Russia prematurely withdraws from war with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

## Georgian Democratic Republic

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1914-1918  | Caucasus Campaign |  Russian Empire (1914–17)

* Kutaisi Governorate
* Tiflis Governorate

United Kingdom (1918)
Armenia
(1918)
Central Caspian Dictatorship (1918)

* * *

Russian SFSR (1918)
Baku Commune (1918)

|  Ottoman Empire

* Trebizond Vilayet
* Erzurum Vilayet
* Bitlis Vilayet
* Van Vilayet
* Sivas Vilayet

Azerbaijan (1918)
Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus (1918)
German Empire (1914–17)

* * *

German Empire (1918)
Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918)

| Compromise
1918  | Abkhazia conflict (1918) |  Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Democratic Republic of Georgia
Supported by:
German Empire |  Abkhaz Bolsheviks
Supported by:
Russian SFSR

* Kuban-Black Sea Soviet Republic

* * *

Ottoman Empire

* Abkhaz Muhajirs

| Victory
1918-1919  | Sochi conflict |  Democratic Republic of Georgia |  Russian SFSR

* * *

White movement

| Inconclusive

* Gagra is transferred to Georgia
* The rest of Sochinsky okrug is transferred to Russia

1918  | Armeno-Georgian War |  Democratic Republic of Georgia |  First Republic of Armenia | Inconclusive

* With the intervention of Great Britain, a truce was concluded between Armenia and Georgia.

1918-1920  | Georgian–Ossetian conflict (1918–1920)

* First Ossetian uprising[15]
* Second Ossetian uprising
* Third Ossetian uprising[16]

|  Democratic Republic of Georgia |  Ossetian Bolsheviks
Supported by:
Russian SFSR | Victory

* All Ossetian uprisings were suppressed by Georgians

1921  | Red Army invasion of Georgia |  Democratic Republic of Georgia |  Russian SFSR

* Armenian SSR
* Azerbaijan SSR

* * *

Ankara Government

| Defeat

* Establishment of the Georgian SSR

1924  | August Uprising |  Committee for the Independence of Georgia |  Soviet Union,

* Red Army
* Cheka
* Georgian SSR

| Defeat

* Consolidation of Soviet rule in the Georgian SSR

## Georgian SSR

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1941-1945  | World War II | Allies

* Soviet Union
* Georgian SSR
* Georgian Divisions [ka]
* United States
* United Kingdom
* China
* Free France
* Poland
* Canada
* Australia
* New Zealand
* India
* Transjordan
* South Africa
* Yugoslavia
* Greece
* Denmark
* Norway
* Netherlands
* Belgium
* Luxembourg
* Brazil
* Mexico
* Ethiopia

| Axis

* Germany
* Georgian Legion
* Japan
* Italy
* Hungary
* Romania
* Bulgaria
* Vichy France
* Croatia
* Slovakia
* Thailand
* Manchukuo
* Iraq

* * *

Finland
Iran

| Allied victory
1979-1989  | Soviet–Afghan War |  Soviet Union

* Georgian SSR

Afghanistan

|  Afghan Mujahideen | Defeat

## Republic of Georgia

[edit]

Date  | Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Result

|
|
|
|

1991-1993  | Georgian Civil War

* 1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état

|  Pro-Gamsakhurdia forces

* Parts of National Guard
* Zviadists

Supported by:
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria

|  Pro-Shevardnadze forces

* Military Council
* State Council
* Parts of National Guard
* Mkhedrioni

Russia (since October 1993)

| Shevardnadze's victory

* Gamsakhurdia government expunged

1991-1992  | South Ossetian war |  Georgia |  South Ossetia
Russia | Defeat
1992-1993  | War in Abkhazia |  Georgia

* Georgian Armed Forces
* Mkhedrioni
* Zviadists

UNA-UNSO "Argo"

|  Abkhazia

* Abkhazian Armed Forces
* Bagramyan Battalion

Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus
Russia

* Kuban Cossacks
* Don Cossacks

| Defeat
1998  | War in Abkhazia (1998) |  White Legion
Forest Brotherhood |  Abkhazia | Defeat
2001  | 2001 Kodori crisis |  Chechen division under Gelayev
Georgian guerrillas  |  Abkhazia

* Abkhaz military

| Defeat
2000-2002  | Pankisi Gorge crisis |  Georgia
Supported by:
United States

* * *

Russia |  Chechen separatists
Mujahideen in Chechnya
Other jihadists  | Victory
2004  | 2004 Adjara crisis |  Georgia |  Adjara administration  | Victory
2006  | 2006 Kodori crisis |  Georgia

* Interior Ministry of Georgia
* Police of Georgia

|  Monadire | Victory
2008  | Russo-Georgian War |  Georgia
United States
UNA-UNSO |  Russia
South Ossetia
Abkhazia
Armenia | Defeat
2001–2021  | War in Afghanistan |  Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

* Afghan National Security Forces

Advisers, Non-combat support, & Counter-terrorism operations:

Resolute Support

* Australia
* Czech Republic
* Georgia (IPAP)
* Germany
* Italy
* Romania
* Turkey
* Spain
* United Kingdom
* United States

|  Taliban

al-Qaeda
Haqqani network
Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin
United Tajik Opposition

| Defeat
2003-2011  | Iraq War |  United States
Iraq
United Kingdom
South Korea
Italy
Poland
Australia
Georgia
Ukraine
Estonia
Netherlands
Spain
Denmark
MNF–I INC
New Iraqi Army
KDP
PUK
Turkey (Political Support)  |  Ba'athist Iraq

* * *

Ba'ath Loyalists
SCJL
Naqshbandi Army
Islamic State of Iraq
Al-Qaeda

* * *

Mahdi Army
Special Groups
Badr Brigades | Victory

## See also

[edit]

* List of wars involving Russia
* List of wars involving Armenia
* List of wars involving Azerbaijan
* List of Georgian battles

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Rayfield 2012, p. 20-21.
2. ^ Leppin, Hartmut (2021). "The Eastern Roman Empire and Its Neighbours in the "Age of Justinian" – An Overview". In Meier, Mischa; Montinaro, Federico (eds.). A Companion to Procopius of Caesarea. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. p. 13\. ISBN 978-90-04-49877-8. "After 545 truces brought peace to most of the border regions, but the war lingered in the Caucasus until 561, when Khosrow and Justinian finally agreed to a fifty-year peace. There was no definite victor, but the Sasanian Empire was in a slightly better position as Rome was obliged to pay a fixed sum to Persia each year."
3. ^ Suny 1994, p. 33.
4. ^ Narimanishvili & Shanshashvili 2018, p. 309. sfn error: no target: CITEREFNarimanishviliShanshashvili2018 (help)
5. ^ Humphreys 1977, pp. 130–131.
6. ^ Mikaberidze 2015, pp. 19.
7. ^ Beradze, Tamaz (1983). "Vameq I Dadiani". Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia (in Georgian). Vol. 4\. Tbilisi: Metsniereba. p. 287.
8. ^ Rayfield 2012, p. 200-210.
9. ^ Baumer 2023, p. 75. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBaumer2023 (help)
10. ^ Cite error: The named reference `EncIslam` was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
11. ^ a b Rayfield 2012, p. 152.
12. ^ Beradze, Tamaz (1983). "Mamia III Dadiani". Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia (in Georgian). Vol. 6\. Tbilisi: Metsniereba. p. 396.
13. ^ David Marshall Lang. Russia and the Armenians of Transcaucasia, 1797–1889: a documentary record Columbia University Press, 1957 (digitalised March 2009, originally from the University of Michigan) p. 142.
14. ^ Valeri Silogava, Kakha Shengelia. "History of Georgia: From the Ancient Times Through the "Rose Revolution" Caucasus University Publishing House, 2007 ISBN 978-9994086160 pp. 158, 278.
15. ^ Cornell 2002, p. 141.
16. ^ Cornell 2002, p. 188.

## References

[edit]

* Kaegi, Walter Emil (2003), Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-81459-1.
* Mitchell, Colin P., ed. (2011). New Perspectives on Safavid Iran: Empire and Society. Milton Park, UK: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4157-7462-8. LCCN 2010032352.
* Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994). The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-20915-3.
* Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521057356. `{{cite book}}`: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
* Humphreys, R. Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-87395-263-4.
* Mikaberidze, Alexander (2015). Historical Dictionary of Georgia. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9781442241466.
* Rayfield, Donald (2012). Edge of Empires, a History of Georgia. London: Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1-78023-070-2.
* Brosset, Marie-Félicité (1849). Histoire de la Géorgie depuis l'Antiquité jusqu'au XIXe siècle. Volume I [History of Georgia from Ancient Times to the 19th Century, Volume 1] (in French). Saint-Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences.
* Woods, John E. (1999). The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire (Revised and Expanded ed.). University of Utah Press. ISBN 978-0874805659.
* Kvachantiradze, Eka (2012). "Urdure" (PDF). Caucasus in Georgian Sources: Foreign States, Tribes, Historical Figures. Encyclopedical Dictionary. Tbilisi: Favorite. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-20.
* Minorsky, V. (1993). "Tiflis". In Houtsma, M. Th.; van Donzel, E. (eds.). E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936. Brill. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
* Cornell, Svante E. (2002). Autonomy and Conflict: Ethnoterritoriality and Separatism in the South Caucasus: Cases in Georgia (PDF). Uppsala: Uppsala University. ISBN 91-506-1600-5. OCLC 50053064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2007.
* Zardabli, Ismail Bey (2014). The History of Azerbaijan From Ancient Times to the Present Day. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781291971316.
* Anchabadze, George (2001). Vainakhs (The Chechen and Ingush). Tbilisi: Caucasian House. pp. 1–76.
* Rapp, Stephen H. (2003). Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts. Peeters Bvba. ISBN 90-429-1318-5.
* Hakobyan, T῾ (1971). Erewani patmut῾yunə (1500—1800 t῾t῾.) [History of Yerevan (1500–1800)] (in Armenian). Erewani hamalsarani hratarakč῾ut῾yun. OCLC 582481141.
* Lordkipanidze, Mariam Davydovna; Hewitt, George B. (1987). Georgia in the XI–XII Centuries. Tbilisi: Ganatleba Publishers.

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