List of wars involving Spain

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This list details Spain's involvement in wars and armed conflicts, including those fought by its predecessor states or within its territory.

## Ancient

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results

|
|
|

Barcid conquest of Hispania

(237–218 BC)

* Battle of Helike
* Battle of the Tajo [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Iberians

Celtiberians

|  Carthaginian Empire

* Carthaginian Iberia

| Carthaginian Victory

* Expansion of Carthaginian Iberia

Roman conquest of Hispania (220–17 BC)

* Second Punic War
* Celtiberian Wars
* Lusitanian War
* Numantine War
* Sertorian War
* Cantabrian Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Western Europe, Italian Peninsula, North Africa and Mediterranean Sea

| Pre-Roman Iberia

* Astures
* Cantabri
* Gallaec
* Iberians
* Celts
* Aquitanians
* Arevaci
* Lusones
* Lusitanians
* Vaccaei
* Vettones
* Belli
* Titii

Roman popularis exiles

|  Roman Republic

Celtic tribes vassal to Rome

* Cynetes
* Turdetani

| Roman Victory

* Annexation of Iberian Peninsula to the Roman Empire

Siege of Saguntum

(219 BC)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Saguntines |  Carthaginian Empire

* Carthaginian Iberia

| Carthaginian Victory

* Prelude to the Second Punic War

Second Punic War

(218–201 BC)

* Battle of Cissa
* Battle of Ebro River
* Battle of Ibera
* Battle of the Upper Baetis
* Battle of New Carthage
* Battle of Baecula
* Battle of Ilipa
* Battle of Carteia
* Battle of Carteia (naval)
* Part of Punic Wars and Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Mediterranean Sea

|  Carthaginian Empire

* Carthaginian Iberia

Allies:

* Syracuse (214–212 BC)
* Western Numidia
* Others

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

Allies:

* Eastern Numidia
* Syracuse (218–215 BC)
* Others

| Roman Victory

* Roman conquest of Carthaginian Iberia
* Carthaginian African territories reduced

Indibilis and Mandonius Revolt [es]

(206–205 BC)

* Mutiny at Sucro
* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Ilergetes

Ausetani Sedetani Celtiberians
Roman mutineers

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

| Roman Victory
Iberian revolt

(197–195 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Iberian rebels:

* -Celtiberians
* -Indigetes
* -Bergistani
* -Lacetani
* -Suessetani
* -Ausetani

Roman Republic

* Hispania
* Ilergetes

| Roman victory and re-establishment of control over Hispania
First Celtiberian War

(181–179 BC)

* Part of Celtiberian Wars and Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Celtiberian tribes

Vaccaei Vettones

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

| Roman Victory

* Rome conquers certain tribes but allows them to keep their autonomy.

Second Celtiberian War

(154–151 BC)

* Part of Celtiberian Wars and Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Celtiberian tribes

* Belli
* Titii
* Arevaci

Vaccaei

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

| Roman Victory

* Roman influence increases over Celtiberians

Lusitanian War

(155–139 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

Celtic tribes become vassals of Rome

* Cynetes
* Turdetani

| Lusitanian tribes

Celtic tribes

* Vettones
* Gallaeci
* Others

| Roman Victory

* Pacification of Lusitania (modern Portugal between the rivers Tagus and Douro and Extremadura, Spain)

Numantine War

(143–133 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

* Arevaci
* Lusones
* Vaccaei
* Vettones

| Roman Victory

* Expansion of Roman territory through Celtiberia

Roman conquest of Gallaecia [es]

(132–19 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Gallaeci

Celts

|  Roman Republic

* Hispania

| Roman Victory
Roman conquest of Majorca [es]

(123–121 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Balearic slinger |  Roman Republic

* Hispania

| Roman Victory
Sertorian War

(80–72 BC)

* Part of Crisis of the Roman Republic and Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Roman popularis exiles

Native Iberians

Native Celts

Native Aquitanians

| Roman Senate | Roman Senate Victory
Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC)

* Battle of Ilerda
* Siege of Corduba
* Part of Crisis of the Roman Republic

Location: Hispania, Italia, Graecia, Illyria, Aegyptus, Africa

| Pompeians

* Optimates

Numidia

Ptolemaic kingdom

Pontus

| Caesarians

* Populares

Mauretania

| Caesarian victory.
Cantabrian Wars

(29–19 BC)

* Part of Roman conquest of Hispania

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Astures

Cantabri

Gallaeci[1]

|  Roman Empire

* Hispania

| Roman Victory
Crisis of the Third Century

(235–285 AD)

Location: Western Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, North Africa, Middle East

|  Roman Empire

* Roman Italy
* Hispania
* Roman Illyria
* Roman Greece
* Roman Mauretania
* Roman Libya
* Roman Anatolia

| Roman usurpers

* Gallic Empire
* Palmyrene Empire

* * *

Sasanian Persia

* * *

Germanic tribes

* Goths
* Alemanni
* Vandals
* Carpians

| Roman Victory

* Gallic Empire fails in its attempt to control Hispania (conquered from 261 to 269).
* Emperor Aurelian re-conquers both the Palmyrene and Gallic Empires, and emperor Diocletian puts an end to the civil war.

Invasions in the West of the Empire

(258–260)

* part of Barbarian invasions into the Roman Empire of the 3rd century

Location: Western Europe and Southern Europe

|  Roman Empire

* Hispania
* Roman Gaul
* Roman Italy

| Franks

Alemanni Marcomanni Quadi Iazyges Roxolani

| Roman Victory and invasion repelled
Roman Civil War (406–411) [es] and Gothic War (408–416) [es]

Location: Western Europe

|  Western Roman Empire

* Hispania
* Roman Britain
* Roman Gaul
* Roman Italy

| Constantine III's Britain Usurpation

* * *

Gerontius' Hispanic Usurpation

* * *

Priscus Attalus' Italian Usurpation

* * *

Barbarians

* Franks
* Visigoths
* Vandals
* Alans
* Suebi

| Roman Pirric Victory

* Honorius reunifies the Western Empire but loses territory to the Germanic peoples.
* Maximus of Hispania is deposed.

Crossing of the Rhine

(406–411)

* part of Germanic invasions

Location: Western Europe and Southern Europe

|  Western Roman Empire

* Hispania
* Roman Gaul
* Roman Italy
* Foederati
* Franks

| Sarmatian and Germanic Barbarians

* Alans
* Asding
* Silingi
* Suebi

Roman usurpers

| Defeat

* Start of Barbarian invasions into the Roman Empire

Invasion of Roman Gallaecia by the Germanic Suebi

(409)

* Part of Fall of the Western Roman Empire

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania

* Lusitania

| Germanics

* Suebi
* Quadi
* Marcomanni
* Buri

| Defeat

* Kingdom of the Suebi settled in Hispania (Galicia) by Hermeric.

Invasion of Hispania by the Germanic Vandals

(409)

* Part of Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania

* Lusitania

| Germanics

* Vandals
* Silingi
* Hasdingi

Sarmatian Alans

| Defeat

* Vandals Kingdoms settled in Baetica and Gallaecia, near Vandals.
* Alans settled in Lusitania.

Invasion of Hispania by the Germanic Visigoths

(410)

* Part of Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania

* Lusitania

| Germanics

* Visigoths

| Defeat

* Visigothics settles on Hispania.

Visigothic Campaign on Hispania

(416–418)

* Battle of the Nervasos Mountains
* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

|  Western Roman Empire

Kingdom of the Suebi Visigoths

| Vandals

* Silingi

Alans

| Roman-Visigothic Victory

* Wallia got a Visigothic settlement in Aquitania by the Romans, leaving Hispania.

Suevi-Vandal War (419-420) [es]

(419)

* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Suebi

Hispania

| Hasdingi Vandals | Roman-Suevi Victory
Vandal War (422) [es]

(422)

* Battle of Tarraco
* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania | Hasdingi Vandals

Sarmatian Alans

| Roman defeat

* Vandals get control of Baetica

Vandal pirate incursions on the Mediterranean[2]

(424–429)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Balearic Islands

|  Hispania

* Hispania Balearica

Mauretania Tingitana

| Hasdingi Vandals | Vandal success in their piracy activities.
War between the Alans and the Suevi

(428)

* Battle of Mérida (428)
* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Suebi

Hispania

| Sarmatian Alans | Defeat at the Battle of Mérida.
War between the Visigoths and the Vandal–Alanic alliance

(429)

* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom | Vandals

Sarmatian Alans

| Visigoth victory

* Vandals and Alans move to North Africa, then establish Vandal Kingdom.

Bagaudae Revolts

(284–456)

|  Western Roman Empire

* Roman Gaul
* Hispania (since 441)

| Bagaudae

* Peasant rebels

Germanic tribes

* Suebi

| Roman victory
Gothic War in Spain (456)

* Battle of Órbigo (456)
* Part of Germanic Wars and Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Western Roman Empire

Visigothic Kingdom Burgundians

Franks

| Suebi | Visigothic victory

* Sack of Braga

Gothic War (457–458)

* Battle of Arelate
* Part of Gothic Wars and Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Gallia

|  Western Roman Empire |  Visigothic Kingdom | Roman Victory

* Visigoths had to relinquish their recent conquests in Hispania and return to federal status

Roman reconquest of Hispania

(459–461)

* Battle of Cartagena (461)
* part of Vandalic Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

|  Western Roman Empire

Huns

| Suebi

Vandal Kingdom

| Inconclusive

* Victory against Suebi. Majorian reconquers Hispania for Romans for the last time, but his final campaign against the Vandals is canceled.
* Vandals conquer Balearic Islands.

Visigoth invasion of Hispania

(461)

* Paer of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania |  Visigothic Kingdom | Indecisive
Visigoth conquest of Hispania

(469–474)

* Part of Germanic Invasions of Hispania [es] and Fall of the Western Roman Empire

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Hispania

Suebi

|  Visigothic Kingdom | Visigoth victory

* Roman empire, Julius Nepos recognise the conquests of Euric, Visigoth Lord of Hispania.

## Medieval

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results

|
|
|

First Franco-Visigothic war (496–498) and Franco–Gothic War (507–511)

Location: Southern France

|  Visigothic Kingdom

Supported by:

Kingdom of the Ostrogoths

Kingdom of the Burgundians (pre-507)

Alemanni

| Frankish kingdom

Supported by:

Armorica

Kingdom of the Burgundians (post-507)

Eastern Roman Empire

| Frankish victory

* Gallia Aquitania is annexed by the Franks under Clovis I.

Burdunellus Revolt

(496–497)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Hispano-Romans | Visigothic victory

* Burdunellus is killed by Brazen bull.

Tarraconense Revolt

(507)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Hispano-Romans | Visigothic victory

* Petrus is ejecuted in Tortosa

Conflict over the succession of Alaric II

(507–514)

* Battle of Barcelona (512)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic rebels

* * *

Frankish kingdom | Ostrogothic Kingdom

* Ostrogothic Spain [es]

| Ostrogothic victory

* Theodoric the Great got the regency over Hispania during the reign of Amalaric.

Vandalic War

(533–534)

* part of Vandalic Wars

Location: North Africa, Balearic Islands, Sardinia, Corsica and Mediterranean Sea

| Vandal Kingdom

* Balearic domains

|  Byzantine Empire | Byzantine victory

* Byzantine dominion over Balearic Islands [es] under Byzantine North Africa.

Gothic War

(535–554)

* Part of Justinian's campaign for Renovatio Imperii

Location: Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Dalmatia

* Ostrogothic Kingdom
* Franks
* Alamanni
* Burgundians
* Visigothic Kingdom

|  Byzantine Empire

Huns

Heruli

Sclaveni

Lombards

| Byzantine victory against Ostrogoths, then plans for revenge against Visigoths due to its support to Ildibad and Totila.
Visigothic revolts against Agila I

(550–554)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom loyal to Agila I

* Arianists

| Visigoths loyals to Athanagild

Hispano-Romans from Córdoba

* Nicene Christians

* * *

Byzantine Empire | Rebels victory and legitimation for a Byzantine intervention on Spain.
Byzantine conquest of Visigothic Baetica
(551–555)

* Part of Justinian's campaign for Renovatio Imperii

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Byzantine Empire | Byzantine victory
Visigothic conquest of Spania
(570–624)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Byzantine Empire | Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Córdoba
(572)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Byzantine Empire | Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Sabaria
(573)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom | Sappi  | Visigothic victory
Visigothic conquest of Cantabria
(574)

Location: Southern France

|  Visigothic Kingdom | Cantabri  | Visigothic victory
Second Visigothic–Suevic War
(575–577)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Kingdom of the Suebi | Visigothic victory
Visigothic–Vasconic War
(581)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Pyrenees

|  Visigothic Kingdom | Vascones | Visigothic victory
Third Visigothic–Suevic War
(585–586)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Kingdom of the Suebi | Visigothic victory
First Muslim invasion of Iberian Peninsula (650s)

* Military campaigns under Caliph Uthman and Arab–Byzantine wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Visigothic Kingdom

co-beligerant:

Byzantine Empire

| Rashidun Caliphate

* Arab and Berber forces

| Stalemate

* Initial Muslim victory, conquering the coastal areas of Iberian Peninsula and establishing some colonies on the coast of Spain to help the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb.
* Areas lost soon after due to the general disorder in the Muslim empire, re-occupied by Visigoths.

Byzantine incursion against Visigoth Spain

(694/702/703)

Location: Southern Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Byzantine Empire | Visigothic victory

* Theodemir success in the defense of the Visighotic Mediterranean coasts.

Muslim incursions on the Balearic Islands

(8th century–10th century)

* part of Arab–Byzantine wars

Location: Balearic Islands and Western Mediterranean Sea

|  Byzantine Empire

* Byzantine North Africa
* Byzantine Balearic Islands [es]

Carolingian Empire (799-815 [es])

|  Umayyad Caliphate (until 750)

Emirate of Córdoba (since 759)

| Arab victory

* Muslim conquest of Majorca. It becomes the Eastern Islands of Al-Andalus [es]

Visigothic Civil War

(710–711)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Achila II forces from northeast Hispania  | Roderic forces from southwest Hispania  | Inconclusive due to Arab-Berber Invasion.
Umayyad conquest of Hispania
(710–780)

* Part of Early Muslim conquests

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Visigothic Kingdom |  Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad victory

Start of Spanish Reconquista.

Umayyad invasion of Gaul (719–759)

* Campaign of Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi
* Combat of Llívia
* Battle of the River Garonne
* Battle of Poitiers
* Part of Early Muslim conquests

Location: Southern Gaul (now France)

| Frankish kingdom

* Duchy of Aquitaine

Lombard Kingdom

Duchy of Gascony

Vascones

|  Umayyad Caliphate

* Wilayah of Al Andalus [es]

| Frankish victory

* Franks conquers Septimania after the fall of Visigoths, expelling Arab-Berber settlers.
* Umayyad Caliphate retreat permanently to Iberia after Siege of Narbonne (752–759).
* End of Muslim attempts to conquer Western Europe.

Battle of Covadonga
(722)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias |  Umayyad Caliphate

* Wilayah of Al Andalus [es]

| Asturian victory
Berber Revolt

(740–743)

* Part of the Fitnas and Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula and North Africa

| Berber insurgents on North Africa and Hispania

* * *

Kingdom of Asturias |  Umayyad Caliphate

* Al-Andalus (Moors)
* Ifriqiya (Fihrids)

* * *

* Syrian, Egyptian, Jordanian, Palestine junds of Bilad al-Sham

* Arab victory just in al-Andalus and Ifriqiya.
* Establishment of several berber states on Maghreb (independence of Morocco).
* Alfonso I of Asturias add the northwestern provinces of Galicia and León to his kingdom and create a buffer zone in the Douro River valley (the "Desert of the Duero")
* The Arab element on the Iberian Peninsula is increased, to the detriment of Berber, due to Middle Eastern migrants from the junds settlements (but also destabilizing the power of the governor of al-Andalus).

Yemeni Revolt on the Wali of Al-Andalus (745–756)

* Battle of Guadalete (745) [es]
* Battle of Secunda (747)
* Siege of Zaragoza (754) [es]
* Revolt in Zaragoza (755)
* Siege of Pamplona (755)
* Battle of Musarah (756)
* Battle of Alameda (756) [es]
* Part of Third Fitna, Qays–Yaman rivalry and Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| 1st phase

Supports of Abu'l-Khattar al-Husam ibn Darar al-Kalbi

* Qays units
* Yaman units
* Qahtanite units

2nd phase Supports of Abd al-Rahman

* Umayyad dynasty
* Yaman units
* Syrian junds

* * *

Revolt of Amer bin Amr al-Abdari

* Abbasid

* * *

Basques of Pamplona | 1st phase

Supports of Tuwaba ibn Salama al-Judhami

* Banu Lakhm units
* Mudar units
* Banu Judham units
* Adnan units

2nd phase Supports of Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri

* Ma'addites
* Fihrids
* Qays
* Berber

* Initial victory of the north Arab faction in the first phase, then of the south Arab faction in the second phase
* The fugitive Umayyad prince, Abd al-Rahman I, establish an independent Emirate of Córdoba.
* End of al-Andalus rule by governors sent from Damascus or appointed by the recommendation of the Umayyad regional governors of Ifriqiya.
* Christian Iberic kingdom conquers territory of the Upper March.

Abbasid attempt to conquer Al Andalus (763)[3][4]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Emirate of Córdoba

* Umayyad dynasty

|  Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyad victory

* Al-Mansur withdrew from Spain and focused on consolidating its authority in Persia.
* Abd al-Rahman I (grandson of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik) became an independent emir of Córdoba and reached the first unification of Al-Andalus (Toledo, Zaragoza, Pamplona, Barcelona), including parts of western Maghreb. Considering themselves the authentic caliphate against Abbasid's pretension.
* Total independence of Al Andalus from the Caliphs of Baghdad. Spain never again came under the rule of an eastern caliph who ruled the Muslim world.

Revolts against Emirate of Cordoba (771–774)[5]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Emirate of Córdoba | Syrians rebels under Abd al-Ghaffar

* * *

Arab and Berber tribes

* * *

Abd al-Rahman's enemies  | Revolts suppressed
Battle of Montecubeiro
(774)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Galician rebels | Asturian victory
Yemeni revolt on the Emirate of Cordoba

(777 –781)

* Siege of Zaragoza (777)
* Iberian revolt in 778–779
* Siege of Zaragoza (778)
* Zaragoza Muslim revolt in 781–783

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

| Arab wāli of Barcelona, Zaragoza and Girona

Supported by:
Abbasid Caliphate

* Ifriqiya (Fihrids)

Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire)

| Emirate of Córdoba

* Upper March
* Umayyad dynasty

| Revolt suppressed

* Sulayman al-Arabi search for an alliance with Charlemagne at the Diet in Paderborn
* Death of Abd al-Rahman ibn Habib al-Siqlabi, leader of the revolt
* End of Abbasids' efforts to assert their rule in Al-Andalus and end of Fihrids prominence
* Husayn of Zaragoza accepts a truce.

Charlemagne's campaign in the Iberian Peninsula (778–816)

* Battle of Roncevaux Pass (778)
* Siege of Barcelona (801)
* Siege of Tortosa (808–809)
* Battle of Huesca (812) [es]
* Battle of Majorca (813) [es]
* Battle of Pancorbo (816)
* Iberian Naval campaign of Charlemagne [fr]
* Part of Conquest of the Spanish March [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Southern France and Mediterranean Sea

|  Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire)

* Duchy of Gascony
* County of Barcelona
* County of Urgell
* Papal States

supported by:

* Abbasids[6]
* Byzantine Empire

| Emirate of Córdoba (Moors)

Basques (Pagan)

supported by:

* Banu Qasi

* Initial Basque victory on the high Pyrenees.
* Consolidation of Omeya rule on Al-Andalus against Abbasids, but Saracens fail to conquer more lands on Western Europe for Islam.
* Carolingian Empire conquers the Balearic Islands [es] and Spanish March for the Franks and the Catholic Church.

Battle of the Burbia River
(791)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat
Battle of Lutos
(794)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
Battle of Las Babias
(795)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat
Sack of Lisbon (798)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
Andalusian raids on Sardinia[7]

(807–822)

* Part of Saracens incursions on Italy and Arab–Byzantine warsLocation: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

| Emirate of Córdoba |  Byzantine Empire

* Byzantine Sardinia

| Defeat
Louis the Pious' attempt to control the Hispanic March and Vasconia (814–824)

* Battle of Roncevaux Pass (824)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

* Carolingian Empire
* Basques (Gascons)

* Emirate of Córdoba
* Basques (Navarrese, Aragonese)
* Qasawi Muslims (Moors)

| Basque and Muslim victory

* Navarre and Aragon became completely independent from the power of the Frankish rulers

Andalusian occupation of Alexandria

(814–828)

* Part of Fourth Fitna and Sarracens incursion on the Mediterranean

Location: Egypt and Mediterranean Sea

| Emirate of Alexandria

* Andalusian corsairs

|  Abbasid Caliphate

* Arab Egypt

Tahirids

| Defeat

* Muslim Spaniards are expelled by Abdallah ibn Tahir al-Khurasani.

Cordoban Razzias against Carolingian Empire

(815–856)

* Razzia of 815
* Razzia of 842
* Razzia of 845
* Razzia of 851
* Razzia of 856

Location: Spanish March

| Frankish kingdom (Carolingian Empire)

* Spanish March

| Emirate of Córdoba | Mostly Muslim victories and successful sacks.
Revolt of the Arrabal

(818)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Emirate of Córdoba | Citizens of the suburb of Saqunda | Emirate victory
Andalusian conquest of Crete

(824/827–829)

* Cretan expedition (828)
* Battle of Thasos
* Part of Early Muslim conquests, Sarracens incursion on the Mediterranean and Arab–Byzantine wars

Location: Greek islands and Aegean Sea

| Emirate of Crete

* Andalusian corsairs

|  Byzantine Empire | Andalusian Victory
Aisso Revolt

(826–827)

* Siege of Rueda Ter
* Siege of Barcelona (827) [es]
* Siege of Gerona

Location: Spanish March

| Catalan counties

* County of Osona
* County of Razès
* County of Conflent

Emirate of Córdoba

| Carolingian Empire | Carolingian Victory

* Bernard of Septimania gets control over Catalan counties.

Muslim conquest of Sicily

(827–902)

* Part of Early Muslim conquests, Saracens incursions on Italy and Arab–Byzantine wars

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sicily

|  Abbasid Caliphate

* Aghlabid emirate of Ifriqiya

occasional assistance from:

Emirate of Cordoba

Duchy of Naples

|  Byzantine Empire

occasional assistance from:

Venice

| Aghlabid conquest of Sicily with Andalusian support.
Carolingian Succession War

(830–842)

* Frankish Civil War (830)
* Siege of Toulouse (844)
* Battle of Angumois (844)

Location: Western Europe and Central Europe

| Divisionists Forces

* Charles the Bald
* Louis the German

Supported by:

* Bernard of Septimania
* Sunifred, Count of Barcelona

| Imperialists Forces

* Lothair I
* Pepin II of Aquitaine

Supported by:

* William of Septimania

| Divisionist victory

* The Hispani refugees become vassals of Charles the Bald, and Septimania is annexed to West Francia.

Viking expedition of 844 [es]

* Viking raid on Seville
* Viking raid on Galicia
* Part of Viking raids on Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias

* Kingdom of Galicia

Emirate of Córdoba

* Banu Qasi

|  Norwegian Vikings of Noirmoutier

Francia

| Asturian and Córdoban victory
Battle of Albelda (851)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias

Duchy of Gascony West Francia

| Emirate of Córdoba

* Banu Qasi

| Defeat
Battle of Guadalacete
(852)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias
Kingdom of Pamplona
Toledo rebels  | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat
¡Swedish raids in the Mediterranean Sea [es] (859)

* Siege of Algeciras (859) [es]
* Part of Viking raids on Iberian Peninsula and Viking raids on Balearic Islands

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Italian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Kingdom of Asturias

Emirate of Córdoba Carolingian Empire

Kingdom of Italy

|  Swedes and Danes Vikings | Defeat

* Vikings, under Björn Ironside, capture and ransom King García Íñiguez of Pamplona.

Battle of the Morcuera
(865)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat
Umar ibn Hafsun's Rebellion

(878–928)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Lordship of Bobastro

* Muladí
* Mozarabs
* Berbers

| Emirate of Córdoba

* Arabs
* Maulas [es]

| Defeat
Battle of Polvoraria
(878)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
First Battle of Cellorigo
(882)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
Second Battle of Cellorigo
(883)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
Raid of 897 against Barcelona (897)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Kingdom of West Francia

* County of Barcelona

| Emirate of Córdoba

* Banu Qasi

| Defeat
Day of Zamora
(901)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Asturias | Emirate of Córdoba | Asturian victory
Muslim conquest of Majorca

(902/903–910/911)

Location: Balearic Islands

|  Byzantine Majorca [es] | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat

* Iṣām al-Ḫawlānī [es] conquers the islands

Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz
(917)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León | Emirate of Córdoba | Leonese victory
Pamplona Campaign

(924)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Pamplona | Emirate of Córdoba | Defeat
Battle of Alhandic
(939)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León | Caliphate of Córdoba | Defeat
Battle of Simancas
(939)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León
County of Castile | Caliphate of Córdoba | Leonese victory
Hungarian raid in Spain (942)

* Part of the Hungarian invasions of Europe

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern Europe

| Caliphate of Córdoba

* Upper March of Al-Andalus

Catalan Counties

|  Principality of Hungary

* Magyar tribes

| Initial Hungarian victory.

Lacking food stores and finding insufficient forage, the Hungarians retired after a few days.

Battle of Aguioncha (966)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Galicia |  County of Portugal | Defeat

Culmination of a Galician–Portuguese civil war in the Kingdom of León

Sack of Santiago de Compostela (968)

* Part of Viking raids on Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Galicia |  Norwegian Vikings | Defeat
Battle of Rueda
(981)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona | Caliphate of Córdoba | Defeat
Sack of Barcelona (985)

* Battle of Rovirans
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: [Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Barcelona | Caliphate of Córdoba | Defeat
Battle of Cervera
(1000)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona | Caliphate of Córdoba | Defeat
Battle of Calatañazor
(1002)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León
County of Castile
Kingdom of Pamplona | Caliphate of Córdoba | Christian victory
Battle of Albesa

(1003)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Catalan Counties | Caliphate of Córdoba | Cordoban victory

* Death of Berenguer of Elna.

Razzia of 1003

(1003)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Catalan Counties | Caliphate of Córdoba | Cordoban victory

* Capture of Ermengol I, Count of Urgell.

Mujahid's invasion of Sardinia

(1005–1015)

* Part of Saracens incursions on Italy

Location: Sardinia

| Taifa of Dénia |  Republic of Pisa

Republic of Genoa

Sardinian medieval kingdoms

* Judicate of Logudoro
* Judicate of Cagliari

| Defeat
Fitna of al-Andalus (1009–1031)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Muslim rebels  | Caliphate of Córdoba | The caliphate crumbled in 1031 into a number of independent taifas, including the Taifa of Córdoba, Taifa of Seville and Taifa of Zaragoza.
Normand expedition of 1014

* Part of Viking raids on Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León

* Kingdom of Galicia
* County of Portugal

|  Norwegian Vikings | Defeat
Castilian-Leonese War (1034–1037)

* Battle of Tamarón

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Castile

Kingdom of Pamplona

|  Kingdom of León | Castillian victory

* Death of Bermudo III of León.
* Then Ferdinand I of León is crowned as King of Leon, dominating all the Iberian Peninsula and considering himself as Imperator totius Hispaniae. Afterward, his Curia regis elevates Castille from County to Kingdom in 1065.

Battle of Tafalla

(1035/1043)Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Pamplona | County of Aragon

Taifa of Zaragoza

| Pamplonese victory
Battle of Atapuerca

(1054)Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León

* County of Castile

|  Kingdom of Pamplona | Leonese-Castillian victory
Battle of Graus
(1063)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Castile
Taifa of Zaragoza |  Kingdom of Aragon | Castilian–Zaragozan victory
Crusade of Barbastro
(1064)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon
County of Urgell
Duchy of Aquitaine
Papal States | Emirate of Lārida | Christian victory
Battle of Paterna
(1065)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León | Taifa of Valencia | Leonese victory
War of the Three Sanchos
(1065–67)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Aragon | Castilian victory

* Castile annexes La Bureba, Montes de Oca and Pancorbo

Castilian-Leonese War of 1068

* Battle of Llantada
(1068)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of León | Castilian victory
Battle of Pedroso

(1071)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Galicia |  County of Portugal | Victory

García II of Galicia declaring himself King of Portugal.

Castilian-Leonese War of 1072

* Battle of Golpejera
(1072)
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of León | Castilian victory
Battle of Almenar (1082)

* Part of the Reconquista and Lérida-Zaragoza conflictLocation: Iberian Peninsula

| Catalan counties

Muslim Taifa of Lérida

| Muslim Zaragoza | Defeat
Battle of Piedra Pisada
(1084)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Christian Aragon | Muslim Zaragoza | Defeat
Battle of Morella

(1084)

* Part of the Reconquista and Lérida-Zaragoza conflictLocation: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Aragon

Muslim Taifa of Lérida

| Muslim Zaragoza | Victory
Siege of Toledo[8]
(1084–85)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Taifa of Toledo | Castilian victory
Battle of Sagrajas
(1086)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León
Kingdom of Aragon | Almoravids

* Taifa of Seville
* Taifa of Badajoz
* Taifa of Granada
* Taifa of Almería
* Taifa of Málaga

| Defeat

* Start of Almoravid conquest of Al-Andalus

Siege of Toledo (1090)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Almoravids | Castilian victory
Siege of Valencia[8]
(1092–1094)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Taifa of Valencia
Almoravids | Castilian victory. El Cid gets the Lordship of Valencia
Battle of Cuarte

(1094)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Valencia under Cid's rule | Almoravids | Castilian victory.
Siege of Huesca

(1094–1096)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon | Taifa of Zaragoza

Kingdom of Castile

| Aragonese victory. Start of Aragonese expansion to the south of the Pyrenees.
First Crusade

(1095–1099)

* Part of Crusades

Location: Middle East (Levant and Anatolia)

|  Crusaders

* Kingdom of France
* Byzantine Empire
* Armenian Cilicia
* County of Flanders
* Papal States
* Republic of Genoa
* Holy Roman Empire
* County of Sicily
* Duchy of Apulia and Calabria
* County of Barcelona
* County of Roussillon
* Maronites

| Muslims:

* Seljuk Empire
* Abbasid Caliphate
* Fatimid Caliphate

| Victory:

* The Crusade assists in capturing Nicaea, restoring much of western Anatolia to the Byzantine Empire
* The Crusaders successfully capture Jerusalem and establish the Crusader states

Battle of Alcoraz

(1096)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon | Taifa of Zaragoza

Kingdom of Castile

| Aragonese victory
Battle of Bairén
(1097)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon
Valencia under Cid's rule
Kingdom of Castile | Almoravid dynasty | Aragonese/Castilian/Valencian victory
Battle of Consuegra
(1097)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León | Almoravid dynasty | Defeat
Battle of Mollerussa

(1102)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Urgell | Almoravid dynasty | Stalemate

Death of Ermengol V, Count of Urgell and end of Moroccan expansion

Conquest of Balaguer

(1105)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Barcelona

County of Urgell

| Almoravid dynasty | Christian victory
Norwegian Crusade

(1107–1110)

* Part of the Crusades (aftermath of First Crusade) and the Reconquista

Location: Iberia, Balearic Islands, Palestine

|  Kingdom of Jerusalem

Norwegian Realm
Republic of Venice

| Fatimid Caliphate

Almoravid Empire

Taifa of Badajoz

Taifa of Majorca

Barbary pirates of Majorca

| Crusader victory.
Battle of Uclés
(1108)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of León | Almoravid dynasty | Defeat
Galician Revolt

(1110–1112)Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile and León

* Kingdom of Galicia

Kingdom of Aragon and Navarre

|  Galician Rebels

County of Portugal

Duchy of Burgundy

| Inconclusive

* Galician rebels and Castilian loyals ally against Aragonese influence.

Leonese Civil War

(1110–1111)

* Battle of Candespina
* Battle of Viadangos

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Supporters of Urraca of León and Castile:

* Kingdom of Castile
* Kingdom of León
* Kingdom of Galicia

| Supporters of Alfonso the Battler

* Kingdom of Navarre
* Kingdom of Aragon

* * *

Galician Rebels

County of Portugal

Duchy of Burgundy

| Truce

* Militar Victory of Alfonso
* Political Victory of Urraca

1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition

* Part of the Crusades

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

|  Republic of Pisa
Catalan counties
County of Provence
Giudicato of Torres
Papal States | Taifa of Majorca
Almoravids | Christian victory
Battle of Martorell (1114)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Catalan counties | Almoravid dynasty | Catalan victory
Conquest of Zaragoza (1118)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Zaragoza

|  Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Navarre
Viscounty of Béarn | Almoravid dynasty | Christian victory
Battle of Cutanda
(1120)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon
Duchy of Aquitaine | Almoravid dynasty | Christian victory
Battle of Lerida

(1122)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon | Almoravid dynasty

County of Barcelona Duchy of Aquitaine

| Almoravid victory
Crusade of Alfonso I of Aragon in Andalusia

* Part of the Reconquista

(1125–1126)
Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon | Almoravid dynasty | Christian Tactic Victory
Battle of Corbins

(1126)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  County of Barcelona

County of Pallars Jussà

| Almoravid dynasty | Almoravid victory
Battle of São Mamede
(1128)

* Part of Kingdom of León Civil War and War of Portuguese Independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Galicia

|  County of Portugal | Defeat
Secession of the County of Portugal which becomes a kingdom with Afonso Henriques.
Luso–Leonese War (1130–37)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León |  County of Portugal | Leonese victory

* Treaty of Tuy

Aragonese intervention in Aquitaine [fr]

(1130–1133)

* Siege of Bayonne (1130–1131)

Location: Southern France

|  Union of Aragon-Navarre

Viscounty of Béarn County of Bigorre

County of Foix

County of Comminges

|  Duchy of Aquitaine

County of Toulouse County of Labourd

| Defeat
War of Navarrese-Aragonese succession

(1134–46)

* Invasion of Alfonso VII of Castile (1134)
* Invasion of García Ramírez of Navarre (1141)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| 1° phase (1134–1135)

Loyals to García Ramírez of Navarre

* Kingdom of Navarre

* * *

Union of Castile-León

2° phase (1135)

Union of Castile-León

3° phase (1135–1136)

Union of Castile-León

* Kingdom of Navarre

4° phase (1136–1140)

Union of Castile-León-Aragon

5° phase (1139–1149)

Union of Castile-León

Union of Aragon-Barcelona

6° phase (1139–1146)

Union of Castile-León

* Kingdom of Navarre

| 1° phase (1134–1135)

Loyals to Ramiro II of Aragon

* Kingdom of Aragon

2° phase (1135)

Union of Aragon-Navarre

3° phase (1135–1136)

Kingdom of Aragon

4° phase (1136–1140)

Kingdom of Aragon

County of Barcelona

* * *

Kingdom of Navarre

County of Portugal (since 1137)

5° phase (1139–40)

Kingdom of Navarre

6° phase (1139–1146)

Union of Aragon-Barcelona

| 1° Phase: Pact of Vadoluengo: Navarre-Aragon union is maintained, with Navarre loyal to García Ramirez as vassals to Aragon loyal to Ramiro II, joining forces against Castilan invasion (which conquered Kingdom of Zaragoza).

2° Phase: García of Navarre declared himself a vassal of Alfonso VII of Castile and León, so supporting Alfonso's claims to Aragon crown.

3° Phase: Alfonso VII and Ramiro II consolidates an alliance in the Treaty of Alagon (during the short time that all iberian kingdoms were vassals of Castile, Alfonso VII declared himself Imperator totius Hispaniae). However, Garcia of Navarre rebels against Castile, while also in war with Aragon.

4° phase: Aragonese nobility rejects alliance with Castille, so pacts an alliance with Catalan County of Barcelona on the Capitulations of Barbastre, donating Ramiro II his realm to Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona. Aragonese-Castilian conflict ends with the Treaty of Carrion (ending the conflict of succession in Aragon). 5° phase: After a failed attempt of partitioning Navarre between Castile and Aragon, Castilian-Navarrese conflict ends with the Peace of Calahorra (ending Conflict of succession in Navarra).

6° phase: The Aragonese–Navarrese conflicts continues until 1146 with the Truce of San Esteban de Gormaz, in which Castile quits of the war.

Siege of Oreja
(1139)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Galicia
Kingdom of León
Kingdom of Toledo (Christians)  | Almoravids (Muslims)  | Christian victory
Battle of Cerneja

(1139)

* Part of War of Portuguese independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León |  County of Portugal | Defeat
Battle of Valdevez

(1140)

* Part of War of Portuguese independence

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León |  County of Portugal | Defeat

The Treaty of Zamora (1143) recognized Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of León.

Baussenque Wars (1144–62)

Location: Burgundy, Kingdom of Arles (Modern France)

|  County of Barcelona
County of Provence,

Viscount of Albi [fr] and Carcassonne

|  County of Toulouse

County of Foix

Lords of Baux

| Victory for Catalan party.
Revolt against Almoravids

(1144–47)
Location: Iberian Peninsula (Sharq Al-Andalus)

* Siege of Mértola
* Siege of Orihuela
* Battle of Almosala
* Battle of Albacete

| Almoravid dynasty

Taifa of Cuenca
Kingdom of Castile

| Taifa of Valencia

Taifa of Murcia Taifa of Rueda de Jalón

| Stalemate
Second Crusade (1147–50)

* Siege of Almería
* Siege of Lisbon
* Part of Crusades

Location: Middle East and North Africa (Near East, Anatolia, Levant, Egypt) and Iberian Peninsula| Crusaders

* Kingdom of Jerusalem
* Kingdom of France
* Holy Roman Empire
* Kingdom of Portugal
* Kingdom of Castile
* County of Barcelona
* Kingdom of León
* Byzantine Empire
* Kingdom of England

| Seljuk Empire
Emirate of Zengids
Abbasid Caliphate
Fatimid Caliphate
Almoravids | Status quo ante bellum

* Decisive Seljuk Turks victory in Anatolia
* Decisive Crusader victories in Iberia

Siege of Almería (1147)

* Part of Crusades and Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Union of Castile-León

Union of Aragon-Barcelona
Kingdom of Navarre

Republic of Genoa

| Almoravids (Muslims)  | Christian victory
Siege of Lisbon (1147)

* Part of Crusades and Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Taifa of Badajoz |  Kingdom of Portugal

Crusaders

| Christian victory
Navarrese-Aragonese War (1148–1156)

* García Ramirez Offensive (1148)
* Raymond Berenguer Offensive (1151)
* Sancho Garcia Offensive (1156)

|  Union of Aragon-Barcelona

Union of Castile-León-Galicia (since 1151)

|  Union of Castile-León-Galicia (until 1150)

Kingdom of Navarre

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Tudilén and Treaty of Lleida: Castile and Aragon makes peace and agrees an alliance, while also establishing spheres of influence for a planned partition of Navarre and Al-Andalus
* Peace of Gallur: Aragon and Navarre agree on a definitive peace between both kingdoms, after being formally at war since 1134.

Conquest of Siurana

(1158–1159)Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragon | Taifa of Siurana | Aragonese victory
Conflict over the regency of Alfonso VIII (1158–1169)

* Battle of Lobregal
* Battle of Huete

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  House of Lara

Kingdom of Castile

|  House of Castro

Supported by:

* Kingdom of León
* Kingdom of Galicia
* Kingdom of Aragon (since 1162)
* Kingdom of Navarre (since 1162)

* Victory for House of Castro.
* Start of Castillian-Leonese War, Castillian-Navarrese War and Castillian-Aragonese war.

Henry II of England campaign on Toulouse[9]

(1159)

* Part of Capetian–Plantagenet rivalry

Location: Southern France

|  Kingdom of England (Angevin)

House of Aragon[10]

* County of Barcelona

Lordship of Montpellier

|  Royal Domain of France (Capet)

County of Toulouse

| Truce

* Political victory of the Anglo-Normans

Castilian-Leonese War (1162–1166)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

|  Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre

| Castillian Victory

* Castillians regains Toledo.

Luso–Leonese War (1162–1165)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León |  Kingdom of Portugal | Portuguese victory
Luso–Leonese War (1167–1169)

* Siege of Badajoz (1169)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of León

Almohad Caliphate

|  Kingdom of Portugal | Leonese-Almohad Victory
Aragon-Toulouse War over Provence[11]

(1166–1176)

Location: Southern France

|  Crown of Aragon

* County of Barcelona
* County of Provence
* Lordship of Montpellier
* Viscounty of Béarn (since 1170)
* County of Bigorre (since 1175)

House of Baux

House of Trencavel (until 1171)

Kingdom of England (Angevin) (until 1173)

Republic of Genoa (until 1167)

|  County of Toulouse

House of Trencavel (since 1771)

Republic of Genoa (since 1168)

| Aragonese victory

* Treaty of Amparazan: The Aran Valley, which since the 10th century belonged to the county of Cominges, is subjugated by Aragon.
* Treaty of Tarascon: Ramon V of Toulouse renounced his claims to Provence, the County of Gévaudan and Carladès, in favour of Alfonso II of Aragon.

Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

* Siege of Huete
* Conquest of Cuenca
* Raid of Ceuta (1180)
* Battle of Ceuta (1182)
* Siege of Moya
* Siege of Santarém (1184)
* Battle of Alarcos
* Siege of Al-Dāmūs
* Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

* Order of Santiago
* Order of Calatrava

Crown of Aragon

* Knights Templar

Kingdom of Navarre (until 1195) (1211-1212)
Kingdom of León (until 1195) (1211-1212)
Kingdom of Portugal
Crusaders from Northern Europe

|  Almohad Caliphate

Kingdom of Navarre (1196-1197)
Kingdom of León (1196-1197)

| Spanish Christian victory

* Decline of the Almohad Caliphate
* Castilian conquest of central Spain
* Third Period of Taifas

Siege of Huete

(1172)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Almohad Caliphate | Castillian Victory
Conquest of Cuenca

(1177)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Aragon

* Lordship of Albarracín

| Almohad Caliphate | Castillian victory
Castilian-Leonese War (1178–1180)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

|  Kingdom of León | Inconclusive

* Conference of Tordesillas

Aragon-Toulouse War of 1179-1185

Location: Southern France

|  Crown of Aragon

* County of Barcelona
* County of Provence
* Lordship of Montpellier
* Viscounty of Béarn
* County of Bigorre

Viscounty of Narbonne

Republic of Pisa (since 1183)

* * *

Cathars |  County of Toulouse

Kingdom of England (Angevin) County of Forcalquier (since 1183)

Republic of Genoa (since 1183) County of Provence (1183-1184)

| Aragonese victory
Siege of Moya

(1183)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Almohad Caliphate | Castillian victory
Siege of Santarém

(1184)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of León

| Almohad Caliphate | Victory

* Pope Alexander III formally recognized Afonso I as rex Portugalensium

Castilian-Leonese War of 1188-1194[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | League of Huesca [es]

* Kingdom of León
* Kingdom of Portugal (since 1191)
* Kingdom of Aragon (1191–1192)
* Kingdom of Navarre (since 1191)

| Inconclusive

* Castillian military victory until Papal mediation cease the conflict in a mission to unifiy all Iberian Christian Kingdoms against Almohads.
* Treaty of Tordehumos [es]: Leonese political victory.

Third Crusade (1189–92)

* Part of Crusades

Location: Middle East (Levant and Anatolia), Mediterranean Europe (Sicily, Iberia, Balkans)

|  Kingdom of France
Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of Hungary Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of León

Republic of Pisa

Kingdom of Denmark
Angevin Empire

Kingdom of Jerusalem

Armenian Cilicia

| Sunni Muslim:

* Ayyubid Sultanate
* Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm
* Almohad Caliphate

* * *

Shia Muslim:

* Nizari Ismaili state(the Assassins)

* * *

Eastern Christian opponents:

* Byzantine Empire
* Cyprus

| Treaty of Jaffa (1192)

* Crusader military victory.
* Recognition of the territorial status quo at the end of active campaigning, including continued Muslim control of Jerusalem and the restoration of the Levantine Crusader States.
* Crusaders capture Cyprus and the Kingdom of Cyprus is established.
* Conquest of Alvor and siege of Silves by Portuguese on Iberian Peninsula.

Castilian-Aragonese War of 1190-1191[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Borja Alliance

* Kingdom of Aragon
* Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of Portugal (since 1191)

Kingdom of León (since 1191)

| Stalemate
Battle of Alarcos
(1195)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Order of Évora | Almohad Caliphate | Defeat
Castilian–Leonese War (1196–1197)

\- Part of Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Aragon

|  Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre
Almohad Caliphate

| Ceasefire

* Castillian military victory until Papal mediation cease the conflict and condemns both parties due to disapprove the marriage between Berengaria of Castile and Alfonso IX of León (which attempted to make a peace on Status quo ante bellum).

Luso-Leonese War (1196–1200)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Castile (until 1197)

|  Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Navarre
Almohad Caliphate

| Status Quo Ante Bellum
Castillian invasion of Navarre

(1199–1200)Location: Pyrenees

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of Navarre | Victory

* Navarre ends as a Landlocked country, lossing Durangaldea, Álava, Aitzorrotz (Deba valley), Gipuzkoa and Donostia Hernaniko

Almohad conquest of Balearic islands

(1203)

* part of Almohad-almoravid conflicts

Location: Balearic Islands and North Africa

| Almoravid dynasty

* Taifa of Majorca

| Almohad Caliphate | Almohad victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1204–1206[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of León | Stalemate

* Treaty of Cabreros between Alfonso VIII of Castile and Alfonso IX of León.
* Treaty of Valladolid of 1209 between both kingdoms.

Anglo-Castillian War (1206)[13]

Location: Southern France, Gascony

|  Kingdom of Castile

Viscounty of Béarn

County of Armagnac

Vizcounty of Tartas

Orthez

|  Kingdom of England (Angevin)  | English victory

* Alfonso VIII of Castile's coalition fails to conquer the Duchy of Aquitaine, loyal to John of England.

Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229)

* Part of Crusades

Location: Southern France (Languedoc and Occitania)

|  Cathars Churches

Faidit

* County of Toulouse
* Viscounty of Béziers and Albi
* County of Valentinois
* Lordship of Séverac
* Marquisate of Provence
* Viscounty of Béarn
* County of Astarac

* Crown of Aragon

* County of Foix
* County of Comminges
* Viscounty of Carcassonne
* Lordship of Menèrba
* Lordship of Tèrmes
* Lordship of Cabaret
* Lordship of Montsegúr

Kingdom of England

|  Crusaders:

Catholic Church

* Crusader volunteers
* Episcopal Inquisition
* Dominican Order
* Militia of the Faith of Jesus Christ
* Hospitallers of the Holy Spirit
* Knights of Saint George
* Papal States

Kingdom of France

* Duchy of Burgundy
* Duchy of Brittany
* County of Nevers
* County of Auxerre
* County of Saint-Pol
* Viscounty of Donges
* Viscounty of Torèna
* English volunteers

County of Aurenja

* County of Provence-Forcalquier

Duchy of Austria

* Duchy of Berg
* Electorate of Cologne

| Defeat

* Languedoc, which until then was still under the influence of Catalonia and the Aragonese, definitively entered in French hands and they were incorporated into their sphere of influence as conquered Royal Domains.
* The crusade leads to the definitive separation between the Occitans, to the north, and the Catalans, to the south.
* Extinction of Catharism and instauration of Holy Inquisition to France and all Catholic Christendom.
* House of Barcelona renounced its claims over Occitania and Provence on the Treaty of Corbeil of 1258, and also French royal family renounce claims over the Spanish March.

Siege of Al-Dāmūs
(1210)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon
Knights Hospitaller
Knights Templar | Almohad Caliphate | Christian victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1212[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Portugal

| Truce of Coimbra
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
(1212)

* Part of the Reconquista and Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
Order of Santiago
Order of Calatrava
Knights Templar
French volunteers
Leonese volunteers  | Almohad Caliphate | Christian victory

* 100,000 Muslims killed[14]
* 25–30 Christians killed[14]

Battle of Muret
(1213)

* Part of the Albigensian Crusade

Location: Muret (Modern France)

|  Crown of Aragon
County of Toulouse
County of Comminges
County of Foix
Viscounty of Carcassonne |  Crusaders
Kingdom of France | French-Crusader victory
Castilian-Leonese War of 1217-1218[12]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of León | Unnamed truce between Alfonso IX of León, and Fernando III with Queen Berenguela of Castile.
First Nobiliary Revolt against James I of Aragon (1220)

Location:[Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon

* Royal Council of Aragon [es]
* James I of Aragon forces

| Lordship of Albarracín

Rodrigo de Liçana forces Pero Ferrández de Açagra forces

| Victory
Second Nobiliary Revolt against James I of Aragon

(1223)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon

* Royal Council of Aragon [es]
* James I of Aragon forces

| Nobiliary leagues

Ferdinand of Aragon forces

| Defeat
Conquest of Valencia

(1225–1304)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon

* Principality of Catalonia
* Kingdom of Aragon
* Lordship of Montpellier [fr]

| Almohad Caliphate

Taifa of Valencia Taifa of Murcia Emirate of Granada

* * *

Crown of Castile | Victory

* Foundation of Kingdom of Valencia.

Conquest of Majorca
(1228–31)

* Siege of Artà
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

|  Crown of Aragon
Marseille
Narbonne
Republic of Genoa
Knights Templar
Order of Malta | Almohad Caliphate

territory of Majorca

| Aragonese victory
Siege of Burriana
(1233)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon
Knights Hospitaller
Knights Templar
Senyoria d'Albarrasí | Taifa of Valencia | Aragonese victory
Conquest of Ibiza

(1235)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

|  Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Portugal

| Almohad Caliphate | Aragonese victory

* Territorial division in quartó

Siege of Córdoba (1236)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Moors | Castilian victory
Battle of the Puig
(1237)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon | Taifa of Valencia | Aragonese victory

* Conquest of Valencia

Castillian conquest of Murcia[15]

(1243–1245)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile

Taifa of Murcia

| Muslim Murcians

* Lorca
* Mula
* Cartagena

| Castillian victory

* Treaty of Alcaraz (1243) is seizured and Murcia is a protectorate of Ferdinand III of Castile.
* Treaty of Almizra with Aragon to stablish spheres of influence on Emirate of Granada.

Anglo-Navarrese Conflicts (1237–1266)[16][13]

* 1st Anglo-Navarrese war (1243–1244)
* 2nd Anglo-Navarrese war (1266)
* Part of Capetian–Plantagenet rivalry

Location: Southern France, Gascony

|  Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

|  Kingdom of England (Angevin)

Vizcounty of Tartas

| English victory

* [1°] Peace of Ainhoa: Henry III of England seized control of the Duchy of Gascony, and Theobald I of Navarre received compensation for the loss of his Fiefs in the Kingdom of France.
* [2°]: Theobald II of Navarre renounced its claims over Bigorre.
* End of Navarrese influence over the French territories south of the Garonne.

Great Interregnum[17]

1245/50–1273/5

Location: Germany and Italy

|  Hohenstaufen party

* Frederick II (1245–50)
* Conrad IV (1245–54)
* Alfonso X of Castile (1257–75)
* Rudolf of Habsburg (1273–5)

|  Welf party

* Henry of Thuringia (1246–7)
* William II of Holland (1247–56)
* Richard of Cornwall (1257–72)
* Ottokar II of Bohemia

| Compromise

* Unanimous election of Rudolf of Habsburg in 1273.
* Alfonso X of Castile renounced its imperial claim in 1275.

Siege of Jaén (1245–1246)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago | Taifa of Jayyān (جيان)
Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Siege of Seville
(1247–48)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller
Order of Calatrava | Almohad Caliphate
Taifa of Niebla | Castilian victory
Seventh Crusade (1248–54)

Location: North Africa (Egypt)

|  Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Jerusalem

Knights Templar
Knights Hospitaller

|  Ayyubids

Bahris

| Defeat

* Status quo ante bellum

Portuguese–Castillian war of 1250–1253

(1250–1253)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal | Defeat

* Portugal retains the Algarve.

Anglo-Castillian War of 1253–1256[13]

* Gaston VIII's Rebellion and Simon de Montfort's Rebellion

Location: Southern France, Gascony

|  Kingdom of Castile

Viscounty of Béarn

County of Armagnac

County of Comminges

|  Kingdom of England (Angevin)  | Status Quo Ante Bellum

* Alfonso X of Castile and Henry III of England makes an arranged marriage between their sons and make an alliance.
* Gaston VII of Béarn fails to expand its dominions.
* End of Castilian influence on Gascony and renouncement of its claims over Eleanor of Castile's inheritance on southern France.

Mudéjar revolt (1264–1266)

* Conquest of Murcia
* Part of the Reconquista and Mudejar revolts [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Aragón

* Kingdom of Valencia
* Principality of Catalonia

Order of Calatrava

Order of Santiago

| Muslim (Mudéjar):

* Lower Andalusia
* Taifa of Murcia

Emirate of Granada

* Rebellion defeated.
* Expulsion of Muslim populations.
* Aragonese troops abolish Taifa of Murcia, and then give the territory to Castile, according to Treaty of Almizra.
* Payment of tribute from Granada to Castile.
* Crown of Castile granted a Fuero to Murcians, so Kingdom of Murcia is constituted.

Crusade of the Infants of Aragon

(1269)

* Part of Mongol invasions of the Levant and Crusades

Location: Levant

|  Crown of Aragon

Ilkhanate of Persia of the Mongol Empire
Kingdom of Jerusalem

|  Mamluk Sultanate | Defeat
Eighth Crusade (1270)

Location: North Africa (Tunisia)

|  Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Aragon

Kingdom of Sicily

Kingdom of Navarre

County of Luxembourg

Scottish volunteers

|  Mamluk Sultanate | Inconclusive due to Death of Louis IX of France

* Withdrawal of Crusaders from Tunisia
* Treaty of Tunis
* Opening of trade with Tunis
* start of Fall of Outremer

Battle of Écija (1275)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile | Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Navarreria War (1276) [es]

Location: Pyrenees

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Navarre

|  Kingdom of France

Navarrese Bourgeoisie [es]

| Defeat

* House of Capet get the control over Navarre until 1328.

Battle of Algeciras (1278)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España | Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Siege of Algeciras (1278–1279)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España | Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Battle of Moclín (1280)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santa María de España |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
War of the Sicilian Vespers
(1282–1302)

* First War of Sicily (1282–1904)
* Second War of Sicily (1296–1302)
* Part of Aragonese Crusade and Guelphs and Ghibellines

Location: Southern Italy

| 1° Phase

Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Trinacria
Byzantine Empire

Republic of Venice

Hafsid dynasty (Tunis)

Ghibellines

2° Phase

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of France

Papal States

| 1° Phase

Angevin Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of France Republic of Pisa
Kingdom of Majorca
Papal States

Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of Castile

Guelphs

2° Phase

Kingdom of Sicily

| Aragonese victory

* Peace of Caltabellotta: Division of the kingdom of Sicily into Aragonese Trinacria [es] and Angevin Naples, Aragonese Crusade defeated

Aragonese expedition to Tunez (1282–86)

Location: Mediterranean Sea and North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia)

|  Crown of Aragon

* Kingdom of Sicily

Tunisian rebels (Abu-Bakr ibn al-Wazir forces)

| Hafsid dynasty | Defeat

* Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I repress the revolt and the Catalan fleet goes to Sicily.
* However, Peter III of Aragon occupies Djerba.

Battle of Malta
(1283)

* Part of the War of the Sicilian Vespers

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Malta)

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Naples | Aragonese victory
Siege of Albarracín (1284)

* Part of the War of the Castilian Succession (1284–90)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Aragón |  House of Lara
Lordship of Albarracín | Aragonese victory
Battle of the Gulf of Naples
(1284)

* Part of the War of the Sicilian Vespers

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Naples | Aragonese victory
Aragonese Crusade
(1284–85)

* Majorca Campaign [es]
* Perpignan revolt

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Papal States
Kingdom of France
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Majorca
Lordship of Albarracín
Republic of Genoa | Aragonese victory
Battle of Les Formigues
(1285)

* Part of the Aragonese Crusade

Location: Mediterranean Sea

|  Kingdom of Sicily
Crown of Aragon |  France
Republic of Genoa | Aragonese victory
Battle of the Col de Panissars
(1285)

* Part of the Aragonese Crusade

Location: Pyrenees

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of France | Aragonese victory
Battle of the Counts
(1287)

* Part of the War of the Sicilian Vespers

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Naples
Papal States | Aragonese victory
Conquest of Menorca

(1287)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)

|  Crown of Aragon | Almohad Caliphate | Aragonese victory
Castilian-Aragonese War of 1288-1291 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Crown of Aragon

Castillian Rebels [es]
Emirate of Granada

| Aragonese victory

* Treaty of Monteagudo [es]

War of the Strait

(1292–1350)

* Battle of Salé
* Battle of Écija (1275)
* Siege of Algeciras (1278–1279)
* Battle of Moclín (1280)
* Conquest of Taifa
* First siege of Gibraltar
* Battle of Ceuta (1309)
* Siege of Algeciras (1309–1310)
* Second siege of Gibraltar
* Battle of the Vega of Granada
* Razia of 1330
* Battle of Teba
* Siege of Guardamar
* Siege of Elche
* Third siege of Gibraltar
* Fourth siege of Gibraltar
* Battle of Ceuta (1339)
* Battle of Getares
* Battle of Río Salado
* Battle of Estepona
* Siege of Algeciras (1342–1344)
* Fifth siege of Gibraltar
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Gibraltar)

|  Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of England

Republic of Genoa

| Marinid Sultanate

Emirate of Granada

| Victory

* End of Moroccan hegemony in the Strait of Gibraltar. No more offensive or expansion attempts against the Christian Kingdoms would be done by Marinids, being just at the defensive for the rest of the reconquista.

Gascon War

(1294–1303)

* Gascon campaign (1294–1303)[13]
* Part of Capetian–Plantagenet rivalry

Location: France (Gascony and Flanders)

|  Kingdom of France

* Kingdom of Navarre

|  Kingdom of England | Treaty of Paris (1303)

* Aquitaine becomes a fief of France.

Battle of Iznalloz
(1295)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Calatrava |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
2nd conquest of Murcia

(1296–1304)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Murcia | Aragonese Victory
Luso-Castilian War (1295–1297)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal

* Leonese rebels of John of Castile

Crown of Aragon

* Castillian rebels of Alfonso de la Cerda

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Alcañices
* Portuguese conquest of Ribacoa and other Castilian cities near Alentejo.

Castilian Civil War (1296–1304)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile and Leon (Unionists)  | Divisionists:

* Castillian rebels of Alfonso de la Cerda
* Leonese rebels of John of Castile Supported by:

Crown of Aragon Kingdom of Portugal (until 1297)

| Unionist Victory

* Ferdinand IV of Castile maintains the union of the Kingdom of León and the Kingdom of Castile

Castilian-Aragonese War of 1296-1304

* Aragonese conquest of Murcia

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Crown of Aragon

* Castillian rebels of Alfonso de la Cerda

Kingdom of Portugal (until 1297)

* Leonese rebels of John of Castile

* * *

Emirate of Granada | Aragonese militar victory

Castillian political victory

* Treaty of Torrellas and Treaty of Elche
* Alicante is conquered by Crown of Aragon, but Kingdom of Murcia is returned to the Crown of Castile.

Battle of Cape Orlando
(1299)

* Part of the War of the Sicilian Vespers

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Sicily | Aragonese victory
Battle of Ponza (1300)

* Part of the War of the Sicilian Vespers

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Naples
Supported by:
Republic of Genoa | Aragonese victory
Catalan campaign in Asia Minor

(1303–19)

* Massacre over Genoese
* Battle of the Cyzicus
* Battle of Germe
* De Flor's murder and Catalan revenge
* Battle of Aulax
* Battle of Tire
* Battle of Cibistra
* Siege of Magnesia
* Adrianopolis Massacre
* Battle of Galipolli
* Battle of Apros
* Siege of Adrianopolis
* Battle of Halmyros
* Part of Catalan campaigns in the East and Byzantine–Ottoman wars

Location: Asia Minor, Balkans and Mediterranean Sea (modern-day Turkey and Greece)

|  Catalan Company

Byzantine Empire (until 1305)

| Various Anatolian Turkish Beyliks

* * *

Republic of Genoa

* Pera colony

* * *

Byzantine Empire (after 1305)[18]

Duchy of Athens

* Franks

| Against Turks:

* Indecisive.

Against Genoese

* Victory.

Against Byzantines:

* Victory: Catalans Almogavars conquers some Greek principalities, dominating Duchy of Athens until 1388.[19]

Castilian-Granada War (1309–19)

* Siege of Ceuta
* Siege of Algeciras (1309–10)
* First siege of Gibraltar
* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Strait of Gibraltar

|  Kingdom of Castile

* Order of Santiago
* Order of Calatrava

Crown of Aragon

Marinid Sultanate

|  Emirate of Granada | Victory
Siege of Algeciras (1309–10)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Order of Santiago
Order of Calatrava |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Second Siege of Gibraltar
(1315)

* Part of the Reconquista and Battle of the Strait

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Catalan campaign on Achaea (1315–1316)

* Battle of Clarenza
* Siege of Chalandritsa
* Battle of Picotin
* Battle of Manolada

Location: Southeast Europe (modern Greece)

| Isabella of Sabran forces

* Kingdom of Majorca

| Matilda of Hainaut forces

* Principality of Achaea
* Burgundians

| Defeat

* Ferdinand of Majorca dies at battle

Shepherds' Crusade (1320)

Location: Normandy (modern France)

|  Kingdom of France

Crown of Aragon

Civilians (especially Jews)

| French peasant crusaders  | Franco–Aragonese victory

* Crusaders dispersed

Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
(1323–26)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

|  Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Majorca
Giudicato of Arborea

|  Republic of Pisa
Republic of Genoa

* House of Doria

Sassari Republic

| Aragonese victory

* Conquest of Pisan Sardinia by the Crown of Aragon, annexation of Sassari and creation of the Kingdom of Sardinia

Siege of Villa di Chiesa
(1323–24)

* Part of the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

|  Crown of Aragon
Giudicato of Arborea |  Republic of Pisa | Aragonese victory
Battle of Lucocisterna
(1324)

* Part of the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

|  Crown of Aragon |  Republic of Pisa | Aragonese victory
War of Saint-Sardos[13]

(1324)

* Part of Capetian–Plantagenet rivalry

Location: Southern France, Aquitaine

|  Kingdom of France

* Kingdom of Navarre

|  Kingdom of England | French victory
Battle of Teba
(1330)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Aragonese–Genoese War
(1330–36)

* Siege of Genoa (1331)

Location: Western Mediterranean Sea

|  Crown of Aragon |  Republic of Genoa

Monaco

| Status quo ante bellum
Battle of Velbazhd

(1330)

* part of Bulgarian–Serbian wars

Location: Balkans

| Kingdom of Serbia

Supported by:

Andronikos II Palaiologos (Byzantine Empire) and the Catalan Company[20]

| Bulgarian Empire

Supported by:

Wallachia

Moldavia

Andronikos III Palaiologos (Byzantine Empire)[21] [22]

| Serbian Victory
Haffsid conquest of Djerba (1335)[23]

Location: North Africa

|  Crown of Aragon

* Kingdom of Sicily

| Hafsid dynasty | Defeat

* Abu Yahya Abu Bakr II regains Djerba.

Luso-Castillian War
(1336–39)

* Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota (1336)
* Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1337)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal | Castilian victory
Hundred Years' War (1337–1453)

* Edwardian Phase
* Caroline Phase
* Lancastrian Phase
* Part of Crisis of the late Middle Ages

Location: Western Europe (France, the Low Countries, Great Britain and the Iberian Peninsula)

|  France

Burgundian State (1337–1419 and 1435–53)

Kingdom of Scotland

Crown of Castile

Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Bohemia

Crown of Aragon

Avignon Papacy[a]

|  Kingdom of England

Burgundian State (1419–35)

Kingdom of Portugal

Kingdom of Navarre

County of Flanders

Hanseatic League

Ghent Rebels[b]

Papal States[c]

| French Victory
English Channel naval campaign
(1338–39)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: English Channel

|  Kingdom of France
Genoese mercenaries
Castilian mercenaries |  Kingdom of England
County of Flanders | Indecisive
Battle of Río Salado
(1340)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile
Kingdom of Portugal | Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada | Portuguese-Castilian victory

* 400,000 Muslims killed[24][25][26]
* 20 Christians killed[24]

War of the Breton Succession (1341–65)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Brittany (modern France)

* House of Châtillon-Blois
* Kingdom of France
* Kingdom of Castile

* House of Dreux-Montfort
* Kingdom of England

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Guérande

Battle of Estepona
(1342)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon | Marinid Sultanate | Aragonese victory
Siege of Algeciras (1342–1344)

* Part of War of the Strait and the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Republic of Genoa
Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
European crusaders | Marinid Sultanate
Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
War of the Union (1347–1348)

* Valencia Revolt
* Battle of Mislata
* Battle of Epila

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Royalist Fraternity | Union of Aragon

Union of Valencia

| Royalist victory

* Peter IV of Aragon maintain the union of the Kingdom of Valencia and the Kingdom of Aragon.
* Privilegis de la Unió are reemplaced by the Fueros de Sobrarbe.

Battle of Llucmajor
(1349)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Balearic Islands

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Majorca | Aragonese victory

* Annexation of the Kingdom of Majorca
* Development of the Juraments of the King of Aragon.

War of the Straits

(1350–1355)

* Siege of Genoa
* Part of Catalan campaigns in the East and Venetian–Genoese wars

Location: Southeast Europe (modern Greece and European Turkey)

|  Republic of Venice

Crown of Aragon

Military support:

Byzantine Empire

|  Republic of Genoa

Logistical support:

Ottoman Beylik

Aydinids

| Indecisive
Battle of Winchelsea
(1350)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Southern England

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Kingdom of England | Defeat
Sardinian–Aragonese war

(1353–1420)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Sardinia)

|  Crown of Aragon |  Judicate of Arborea

House of Doria

Republic of Genoa

| Aragonese victory

* Arborea is annexed to Aragon Sardinia.

Sardinian Revolt

(1353–55)

* Part of War of the Straits and Sardinian–Aragonese war

Location: Sardinia

|  Republic of Venice
Crown of Aragon |  Republic of Genoa
Judicate of Arborea | Victory

* Sanluri Peace

Siege of Alghero
(1354)

* Part of the Venetian–Genoese wars

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

|  Republic of Venice
Crown of Aragon |  Republic of Genoa | Aragonese victory

* Occupation of Alghero

War of the Two Peters
(1356–75)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile
With the support of:
Kingdom of England
Republic of Genoa
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Granada |  Crown of Aragon
With the support of:
Henry of Trastámara
Kingdom of France | Indecisive

* Overthrowing of Peter I of Castile

Battle of Linuesa
(1361)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Jaén
Order of Calatrava |  Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Battle of Guadix
(1362)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile
Kingdom of Jaén
Order of Calatrava |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Castilian Civil War
(1366–69)

* Part of Hundred Years' War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Forces of Pedro of Castile
Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Granada |  Forces of Henry of Trastámara
Kingdom of France
Crown of Aragon | Victory for Henry of Trastámara
Siege of León
(1368)

* Part of the Castilian Civil War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile – Henry's side  |  Crown of Castile – Pedro's side  | Victory for Henry of Trastámara
Battle of Montiel
(1369)

* Part of the Castilian Civil War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castilians
Granada |  Castilians
France | Franco-Castilian victory
Siege of Algeciras (1369)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
First Fernandine War

(1369–1370)

* Part of the Fernandine Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

Crown of Aragon

| Castilian victory
Battle of La Rochelle
(1372)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Modern France

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of England | Castilian victory
Second Fernandine War

(1372–1373)

* Part of the Fernandine Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal | Castilian victory
Jaime IV of Majorca War

(1374) Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Majorca | Aragonese victory
Castilian invasions of England [es]

(1374–1380)[27][28][29]

* Castilian attack on Gravesend
* part of Hundred Years' War

Location: Southern England

|  Crown of Castile

Supported by

Kingdom of France

|  Kingdom of England | Castilian victory
Siege of Bayonne (1374) [fr]

(1374)

* part of Hundred Years' WarLocation: Southern France

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of England | Defeat
War of the Bands (1375–1500)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

* Oñacinos
* Beaumonteces
* Crown of Castile

* Gamboínos
* Agramonteses
* Kingdom of Navarre

| Stalemate

* Expulsion of feudal lords by brotherhoods.
* Emergence of the General Assembly of Gipuzkoa.
* Strengthening of royal authority.
* End of civil wars until Spanish conquest of Navarra.

Navarrese conquest of Albania[30]

(1376)

Location: Adriatic Sea and Balkans (Modern Albania)

| Duchy of Durazzo

Kingdom of Navarre

* Navarrese Company

Kingdom of France

| Kingdom of Albania

* Karl Thopia forces

| Victory

* Louis of Navarre reconquers Albania for his wife, Joanna, Duchess of Durazzo.

Castilian-Navarrese War of 1378

* part of Hundred Years' WarLocation: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile

Kingdom of France

|  Kingdom of Navarre

Kingdom of England

| Castilian victory

* Treaty of Briones and Treaty of Lizarra

Sicilian War

(1378–1386)[31][32]

* Siege of Palerm

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Southern Italy and Aegean Islands)

|  Aragonese Party |  Sicilian Party | Victory

* Revolt Suppressed and realization of a compromise with Italians.

Navarrese intervention in Greece (1378–1396)

* Part of Frankokratia

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

|  Navarrese Company

Knights Hospitaller (until 1380)

* Hospitaller Rhodes

Acciaioli family (until 1382)

Latin Empire (since 1382)

Republic of Venice (since 1387)

|  Angevin Kingdom of Naples

* Principality of Achaea (until 1381)

Crown of Aragon (1379–1381)

* Duchy of Athens
* Catalan Company
* Duchy of Neopatras

Byzantine Empire (since 1382)

* Despotate of the Morea

Acciaioli family (1382–1389)

Republic of Venice (1382–1387)

Duchy of Savoy (since 1391)

* * *

Ottoman Empire[33] | Stalemate

* Navarrese conquered much of Messenia and the towns of Androusa and Kalamata for James of Baux in 1381. Then Navarrese governed the entire Morea under the auspices of James.
* Navarrese fail in their offensive against Duchy of Athens. But obtain alliance with Venetians (since 1382) and Ottomans (just in 1395).
* After death of James, navarrese got complete control of the region. Pedro de San Superano and his family got the Principality of Achaea in 1396 to 1404.
* Conflict against Morea ends due to Byzantine–Ottoman wars and the start of an alliance between Byzantines and Navarrese against common enemy.

Aragonese conquest of Athens

(1380)[34]

* Part of Sicilian War

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of Sicily

* Duchy of Athens

| Victory

* Aragonese Duchy of Athens is incorporated from Aragonese Sicily to Kingdom of Aragon direct rule.

Armañagues War

(1380–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

|  Crown of Aragon |  Armanyac County | Catalan Victory

* John III, Count of Armagnac, renounces its claims over Kingdom of Majorca.

Third Fernandine War
(1381–82)

* Part of the Fernandine Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of England | Castilian victory

* Castilian supremacy in the Atlantic Ocean
* Treaty of Elvas
* 1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum

Noreña Rebellions

(1382–95)

* Siege of Gijon (1394) [es]Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile | County of Noreña [es]

Supported by:  Kingdom of Portugal

| Castilian victory

* Consolidation of Trastámaran Castile under Henry III of Castile's lineage.
* End to the Trastamarist revolts in favour of Count Alfonso Enríquez.

1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum
(1383–1385)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile

Supported by:
Kingdom of France
Crown of Aragon

|  Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:
Kingdom of England

| Defeat

* Consolidation of Portuguese independence

Florentine conquest of Catalan Greek counties

(1385–90)

Location: Aegean Sea and Balkans (Modern Greece)

|  Crown of Aragon

* Duchy of Athens
* Duchy of Neopatras

|  Principality of Achaea

* Acciaioli family

| Defeat

* Acciaioli family conquers all of the Catalan territories on the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Razia of 1386

(1386)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon |  Emirate of Granada | Defeat
Invasion of Castile by John of Gaunt

(1386–1388)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile

co-belligerant:
Kingdom of France

|  Supportes of John of Gaunt

* Kingdom of Galicia

Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of England

| Victory
Anti-Jewish Revolt

(1391)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile
Crown of Aragon

* * *

Jews | Anti-semitic rebels  | Defeat of the Government. Jewish population lost its legal protection due to anti-semitic presions and Pogroms. Most of them are forced to convert to Catholicism or be expelled of Spain.
Majorcan Rebellion

(1391)

Location: Balearic Islands

|  Kingdom of Majorca

* * *

Jews | Menestrals [es] and Peasants  | Nobiliary victory
Crusade of Nicopolis (1396)

* Part of Crusades

Location: Balkans (Modern Bulgaria)

|  Crusade:

* Holy Roman Empire
* Kingdom of Bohemia
* Duchy of Savoy
* Kingdom of France[35]
* Duchy of Burgundy
* Kingdom of Hungary[35]
* Voivodship of Transylvania
* Kingdom of Croatia[35]
* Principality of Wallachia[36]
* Knights Hospitaller[35]
* Republic of Venice[35]
* Republic of Genoa
* Bulgarian Empire[37]
* Polish Crown
* Crown of Castile
* Crown of Aragon
* Kingdom of Navarre
* Teutonic Knights
* Byzantine Empire
* Kingdom of England[38][39]
* County of Cilli
* District of Branković

|  Ottoman Empire

Moravian Serbia[40]

| Defeat

* End of the Second Bulgarian Empire

Aragon Succession War (1396–1398)

* Invasion of Mateu I de Foix

Location: Iberian Peninsula

| Martin of Aragon forces  | Matthew, Count of Foix forces  | Victory of Marty of Aragon
Sack of Torreblanca (1398)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon | Kingdom of Tlemcen (Zayyanid dynasty)  | Algerian Victory
Crusade of Tedelis (1398)

* Part of Crusades and Western Schism

Location: North Africa (Algeria), Modern France (Avignon)

|  Crown of Aragon

* * *

Antipope Benedict XIII forces  | Kingdom of Tlemcen

* * *

Kingdom of France | Aragonese Victory

* Successful revenge for the Sack of Torreblanca
* Continuation of Avignon line of anti-Popes.

Bona crusade (1399)

* Part of Crusades

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Crown of Aragon |  Hafsid Dynasty | Defeat

* Treaty of Tunis (1403)

Sack of Tétouan (1399)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: North Africa (Tétouan, Morocco)

|  Crown of Castile |  Marinid Sultanate | Castilian victory
Siege of Smyrna (1402)

* Part of Timurid conquests and invasions

Location: Anatolia

|  Knights Hospitaller

Papal States Republic of Genoa

Crown of Aragon

|  Timurid Empire | Defeat

* Turco-Mongol conquest of Smyrna by Timur.

Conquest of the Canary Islands
(1402–96)
Location: Africa (Canary Islands)  |  Crown of Castile | Guanches | Castilian victory
Battle of Collejares
(1406)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: North Africa] (Algeria)

|  Crown of Castile |  Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Battle of Sanluri
(1409)

Location: Sardinia

|  Crown of Aragon
Kingdom of Sicily |  Giudicato of Arborea
Republic of Genoa | Aragonese victory
Aragonese Interregnum (1410–1412)

* Battle of Morvedre

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Cortes Loyals to Ferdinand of Antequera

* Kingdom of Aragon
* Catalan counties
* County of Barcelona

Supported by:
Crown of Castile

|  Cortes Loyals to James II, Count of Urgell

* Kingdom of Valencia
* Catalan counties
* County of Urgell

| Victory of Ferdinand Antequera, who swears to the Catalan constitutions in the Courts of 1413.
Sixth siege of Gibraltar

(1411)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Strait of Gibraltar

|  Emirate of Granada | Marinid Sultanate | Granada victory

* End of Moroccan interventions on European Al-Andalus affairs.

Count of Urgell's revolt

(1413–14)

* Siege of Balaguer

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon

Supported by:
Kingdom of Castile

|  James II, Count of Urgell forces

Supported by:
Kingdom of England

* Duchy of Gascony

| Victory

* County of Urgell is annexed to the Crown of Aragon by Ferdinand I of Aragon.

Battle of La Rochelle (1419)

* Part of the Hundred Years' War

Location: Modern France

|  Crown of Castile |  County of Flanders
Hanseatic League | Castilian victory
Mediterranean Campaign of Alfonso V (1420–24)

* Battle of Hoz Pisana [es]

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Italian Peninsula

|  Crown of Aragon

Angevin Kingdom of Naples (until 1423)

|  County of Provenze [fr]

Angevin Kingdom of Naples (since 1423)

Republic of Genoa

Papal States

Corsicans allies

| Defeat
Wars in Lombardy

(1423–1454)

* Milanese War of Succession

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Italian Peninsula

|  Venetian Republic

Florentine Republic (until 1450)

Crown of Aragon

* Kingdom of Naples

Duchy of Savoy

March of Montferrat

|  Duchy of Milan

Republic of Genoa

Marquisate of Mantua

Republic of Lucca

Republic of Siena

Florentine Republic (from 1450)

Kingdom of France

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Lodi: Northern Italy is partitioned. Then, Italic League is founded to preserve the balance of power.
* Aragon is recognised as a great power in Italy, and its conquests.

Aragonese expedition to Tunisia (1424)

Location: North Africa (Tunisia)

|  Crown of Aragon |  Hafsid dynasty | Aragonese victory
Castilian–Aragonese War [es]
(1429–32)

* Part of War of the Infants of Aragon

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Navarre

| Castilian victory

* Peace of Toledo [es]

Battle of La Higueruela
(1431)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile |  Nasrid dynasty | Castilian victory
Irmandiño revolts (1431–69)

* Part of Castilian Civil Wars of 1464–1479 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
Andrade, Lemos and Moscoso families

|  Galician rebels  | Castilian victory

* Start of the conflict of succession [es]

Aragonese expedition to Tunisia

(1432)

* Siege of Djerba (1432)

Location: North Africa, Tunisia

|  Crown of Aragon |  Hafsid dynasty | Aragonese victory
Aragonese conquest of Naples

(1435–42)

* Battle of Ponza
* Sieges of Naples (1437-1442) [es]

Location: Mediterranean Sea (Tyrrhenian Sea) and [outhern Italy

|  Crown of Aragon

Duchy of Milan

|  Kingdom of Naples

Republic of Genoa
Papal States

| Aragonese victory

* Kingdom of Naples is under the House of Aragon-Trastámara of Naples until 1501.

Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Part of the Castilian nobility

Supported by:

* Kingdom of Navarre
* Crown of Aragon

| Victory of the side of John II of Castile and his valido Álvaro de Luna.
Nobiliiary Revolt

(1438–45)
Location: Iberian Peninsula

* Part of War of the Infants of Aragon and Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445

|  Crown of Castile |  Crown of Aragon | Castilian victory
Skanderbeg's rebellion[41]

(1443–68)

* Mehmed II's Albanian campaign
* part of Albanian–Ottoman Wars (1432–1479) and Crusades of the 15th century

Location: Balkans (Modern Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Kosovo)

|  League of Lezhë

Crown of Aragon (since 1450)[42][43][44][45]

* Kingdom of Naples

Republic of Venice (since 1463)

* Venetian Albania

|  Ottoman Empire

* Sanjak of Albania
* Sanjak of Dibra
* Sanjak of Ohrid

Republic of Venice (1447–1448)

| Albanese victory

* Ottomans are expelled from the region.
* Treaty of Gaeta: Albanian Principalities, under the leadershipg of Skanderbeg, are vassals of Alfonso V of Aragon, as King of Naples, since 1451.[46]

Aragonese–Hungarian skirmishes

(1447-1456)[47][48][49]

|  Crown of Aragon

* Kingdom of Naples
* Herzegovina under Stjepan Vukčić Kosača[47][48]

Hungarian Alfonso-party:[49]

* János Hunyadi forces

|  Hungarian Władysław III of Poland-party

* * *

Ladislaus the Posthumous of Austria-party  | Defeat

* Alfonso V of Aragon claims to the Hungarian crown are rejected by Hungarian diet, and his fleets are expelled.

Aragonese-Venice War

(1449–50)[50]

Location: Adriatic Sea

|  Crown of Aragon

* Kingdom of Naples
* Herzegovina under Stjepan Vukčić Kosača[44][51][52][47]

|  Republic of Venice Kingdom of Bosnia[44][51]

* * *

Ottoman Empire | Indecisive
Forana Revolt

(1450–53)

* Battle of Rafal Garcés

Location: Balearic Islands

|  Kingdom of Majorca

* NobilityItalian mercenaries

| Peasants of Part Forana and Artesans of Mallorca | Nobiliary victory
Navarrese Civil War
(1451–64)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and Pyrenees

|  Forces of Charles IV of Navarre
Crown of Castile |  Forces of John II of Aragon
Crown of Aragon
County of Foix | Victory for John II of Aragon
Battle of Los Alporchones
(1452)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Castile

* Kingdom of Murcia

|  Emirate of Granada | Castilian victory
Catalan-Genoese War

(1454–58)[53]
Location: Mediterranean Sea

|  Crown of Aragon

Republic of Venice

|  Republic of Genoa

Angevin Dynasty

| Stalemate
Enrique IV war of Granada
(1455–58)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile |  Emirate of Granada | Inconclusive
Angevin-Aragonese War (1460–1464)

* Battle of the Sarno (1460)
* Skanderbeg's Italian expedition
* Battle of Troya
* Part of War of the Neapolitan Succession (1458–1462)

Location: Italian Peninsula and Mediterranean Sea

|  Aragonese Dynasty

* Albanian principalities

Duchy of Milan

Papal States

|  Angevin dynasty

Principality of Taranto

| Victory

* The Spaniard Ferdinand I of Naples is recognized as King of Naples.

Catalan uprising of 1460-1461 [es]

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Principality of Catalonia | Catalan elite

* Catalan Courts
* Generalitat

| Inconclusive

* Capitulation of Vilafranca [es]

Catalan Civil War
(1462–72)

* War of the Remences
* Mieres uprising
* Majorca campaign

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Principality of Catalonia
Crown of Castile
Kingdom of Portugal

Duchy of Lorraine

|  Forces of John II of Aragon
Kingdom of France | Victory for John II of Aragon

* Capitulation of Pedralbes [es]

Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)

* part of Crusades of the 15th century

Location: Morea (Peloponnese), Negroponte (Euboea), Albania, Aegean Sea, Anatolia, Balkan and the Black Sea.

|  Republic of Venice

Papal States

League of Lezhë

Principality of Zeta

Kingdom of Hungary

Knights Hospitaller[54]

Crown of Aragon[54]

Kingdom of Naples

Aq Qoyunlu

Duchy of Burgundy[55]

Holy Roman Empire[56]

Principality of Moldavia

Kingdom of Croatia

Duchy of Saint Sava

Kingdom of France[57]

Republic of Ragusa

Grand Duchy of Lithuania[56]

Crown of Castile

Florence[56]

Karamanids

Maniots

Greek rebels

|  Ottoman Empire | Defeat

* Treaty of Constantinople (1479)
* Several Venetian territories captured and annexed by the Ottomans.

Conflict over the succession of Henry IV of Castile [es]

(1465–1474)

* Second Battle of Olmedo

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Crown of Castile

* Supporters of Henry IV of Castile
* Supporters of Joanna la Beltraneja

|  Liga Nobiliaria

* Supporters of Alfonso, of Castile
* Supporters of Isabella of Castile

* Royalist victory of Henry IV against Liga Nobiliaria supporter of Alfonso of Castile during the 1st phase (Farce of Ávila).
* Inconclussive after death of Henry IV, starting a new phase as the War of the Castilian Succession between Joanna and Isabella.

Sardinian Revolt (1470–1478)

* Battle of Uras
* Battle of Macomer

Location: Sardinia

|  Crown of Aragon

* Viceroyalty of Sardinia

|  Sardinian rebels led by Leonardo Alagon | Victory
Aragonese-French conflict over Perpignan

(1473–1493)

* Siege of Perpignan

|  Crown of Aragon |  Kingdom of France | Stalemate

* French militar victory: John II of Aragon fails to reconquer the territory.
* Aragonese political victory on the Treaty of Barcelona (1493).

War of the Castilian Succession
(1475–79)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Isabella Supporters
Crown of Aragon |  Juana Supporters
Kingdom of Portugal
Kingdom of France | Peace Treaty

* Isabella is recognised as Queen of Castile
* Marriage of Isabella of Aragon and Afonso of Portugal
* Portugal gains hegemony in the Atlantic south of the Canary Islands
* Portugal recognizes Castile's claim to the Canary Islands

Siege of Ceuta (1476)[58]

Location: North Africa (Ceuta)

|  Kingdom of Portugal

Crown of Castile (Juana Supporters)

| Marinid Sultanate | Victory
Battle of Guinea
(1478)

* Part of the War of the Castilian Succession

Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea (near Elmina)

|  Crown of Castile |  Kingdom of Portugal | Defeat
Ottoman conquest of Otranto (1480–1481)

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Kingdom of Naples

Crown of Aragon

Kingdom of Sicily

Kingdom of Hungary

Papal States

Kingdom of Portugal[59]

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory

* Ottomans conquer Otranto and gain foothold in Southern Italy
* Ottoman garrison surrender the city after 13 months

Granada War
(1482–92)

* Part of the Reconquista

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile–Aragon Union
Military Orders
European crusaders |  Emirate of Granada | Victory

* Granada annexed by Castile
* Treaty of Granada (1491)
* Start of Nasrid–Ottoman relations.

Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria[60]

(1483–92)

* Part of War of the Burgundian Succession and Mad War

|  Burgundian State

* Burgundian Netherlands

Habsburg Monarchy Supported by: Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

Papal States

Duchy of Brittany

|  County of Flanders

* Ghent Rebels
* Duchy of Cleves

Supported by:
Kingdom of France

Duchy of Guelders

| Pirric Victory

* Maximilian I of Austria and Philip I of Castile seizure its authority over most of the Low Countries.
* Partition of the Burgundian State with France is consolidated in the Treaty of Senlis.

Pallars War (1484–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile–Aragon Union |  County of Pallars Sobirà

Supported by:
Kingdom of France

| Victory

* End of independent counties in Catalonia.

Mad War (1485–1488)

Location: Western Europe, Modern France

|  Duchy of Lorraine

Duchy of Brittany

Lordship of Albret

Principality of Orange

County of Angoulême

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

|  Kingdom of France | Defeat
French–Breton War (1487–1491)

Location: Western Europe, Modern France

|  Duchy of Brittany

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Castile-León

|  Kingdom of France | Defeat

* Anne of Brittany marries Charles VIII of France

Ottoman expedition on Granada

(1487–1495)

Location: Western Mediterranean Sea (Iberian Peninsula and Italian Peninsula)

|  Castile–Aragon Union

Republic of Genoa

|  Ottoman Empire Supported by:

* Emirate of Granada (until 1492)

| Inconclusive

* Kemal Reis in 1495 is translated from Western Mediterranean to Eastern Mediterranean by Sultan Bayezid II.
* Start of Spanish–Ottoman conflicts.

## Catholic Monarchy

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results

|
|
|

First Italian War
(1494–1498)

* Battle of Seminara

Location: Italian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

| League of Venice:

Papal States
Republic of Venice
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdoms of Spain
Duchy of Milan
Holy Roman Empire
Republic of Florence
Duchy of Mantua
Kingdom of England (from 1496)

|  Kingdom of France

* Swiss mercenaries

Duchy of Milan (before 1495)

| Victory

* Forced French retreat

Spanish conquest of Haiti[61]
(1494–1509)
Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Hispaniola |  Crown of Castile | Taínos | Victory
Conquest of Melilla
(1497)

* Part of Spanish campaigns in the Maghreb (1497–1535)

Location: North Africa

|  Castile and Aragon | Wattasid dynasty | Victory
Rebellion of the Alpujarras

(1499–1501)

* part of Mudejar revolts

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile–Aragon Union

* Kingdom of Granada

|  Muslims of Granada  | Victory

* Rebellion defeated
* Mass forced conversions of all Muslims in Granada

Second Ottoman–Venetian War
(1499–1503)

* Siege of the Castle of Saint George

Location: Adriatic, Ionian and Aegean Seas

|  Republic of Venice
Castile and Aragon |  Ottoman Empire | Defeat

* Venetian strongholds of Modon and Coron fall to the Ottomans
* Cephalonia and Ithaca to Venice

Second Italian War
(1499–1501)

Location: Italian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea

* Kingdom of France
* Papal States
* Republic of Venice
* Castile and Aragon

* Duchy of Milan
* Kingdom of Naples

| Victory,

* French victory over Duchy of Milan
* French control of the Duchy of Milan
* Spain and France reparts between them the Kingdom of Naples on Treaty of Granada (1500), deposing Frederick of Naples.

Kemal Reis' raids on Western Mediterranean and Atlantic Sea

(1501)

* Ottoman raid on the Balearic Islands (1501)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands

|  Castile and Aragon

Republic of Genoa Venice

|  Ottoman Empire Supported by:

Moriscos

| Victory
Third Italian War
(1502–1504)

* Battle of Ruvo
* Battle of Seminara
* Battle of Cerignola
* Battle of Garigliano
* Campaign of Rosellon

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Castile and Aragon |  Kingdom of France | Victory

* Peace of Lyon and Treaty of Blois (1504)
* Louis XII of France ceded Naples to Ferdinand II of Aragon
* Division of Northern and Southern Italy between France and Spain

Guelders Wars

(1502–1543)

* Revolt of Ghent (1539–1540)

Location: Low Countries, Frisia

| Habsburg:

Habsburg Monarchy

* Habsburg Netherlands

Spain

County of Holland

County of Flanders

Duchy of Brabant

Duchy of Luxemburg

* * *

Imperial Frisia (Saxony) (1514–15)

* * *

Bishopric of Utrecht (1508–28) | Guelders:

Duchy of Guelders

Groningen & Ommelanden (1514–36)

Frisian rebels (1514–23)

Jülich-Cleves-Berg (1538–43)

Supported by:

Kingdom of France

* * *

County of East Frisia (1514–17)

* * *

Utrecht rebel groups (1520–28) | Habsburg victory

* Guelders, Utrecht, Frisia and Groningen annexed
* Overijssel and Drenthe detached from Utrecht
* Jülich and East Frisia remain independent

Spanish crusade[62]
(1503–12)

* Capture of Mers-el-Kébir
* Battle of Mers-el-Kébir
* Conquest of the Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
* Spanish conquest of Oran
* Spanish conquest of Tripoli
* Spanish assault on Djerba
* Capture of Béjaïa
* Part of Spanish campaigns in the Maghreb (1497–1535)

Location: North Africa (modern Maghreb countries), Mediterranean Sea

|  Crown of Castile
Crown of Aragon | Kingdom of Tlemcen
Hafsid dynasty

* Hafsids of Béjaïa

Wattasid dynasty

| Victory

* Start of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577 for the control of Algeria, Tunisia and Mediterranean Sea.

War of the League of Cambrai
(1508–1516)

* Battle of Ravenna
* Battle of La Motta
* part of Transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Modern France and England)

| 1508–10:
Venice
1510–11:
Papal States
Venice
1511–13:
Holy League:
Papal States
Venice
Spain
Holy Roman Empire
England
Swiss mercenaries
1513–16:
Papal States
Spain
Holy Roman Empire
England
Duchy of Milan
Swiss mercenaries | 1508–10:
League of Cambrai:
Papal States
France
Holy Roman Empire
Spain
Duchy of Ferrara
1510–11:
France
Duchy of Ferrara
1511–13:
France
Duchy of Ferrara

Scotland Florence 1513–16:
Venice
France
Duchy of Ferrara

| Defeat
Spanish conquest of Puerto Rico[61]
(1508–1511)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

|  Crown of Castile | Taínos | Victory
Sack of Niebla

(1508)Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile and Aragon | Duke of Medina Sidonia | Victory
Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre (1512–1529)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile and Aragon |  Kingdom of Navarre
France | Victory

* Navarre south of the Pyrenees annexed to Crown of Castile under the Spanish Monarchy.
* A small portion of Navarre north of the Pyrenees, Lower Navarre, along with the neighbouring Principality of Béarn survived as an independent kingdom, which passed by inheritance to French monarchs.

Spanish conquest of Cuba[61]
(1511–1513)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Cuba

|  Crown of Castile | Taínos | Victory
Taíno rebellion of 1511
(1511–1518)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

|  Crown of Castile | Taínos of Boriken and allies from the Antilles | Victory

* Tainos are exiled and still fighting outside until 1529.

Spanish conquest of the Maya

(1511–1697)

Location: Mesoamerica and Central America

|  Spain  | Late Postclassic Maya states  | Victory
Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre

(1511–1529)

Location: Pyrenees

|  Spain  |  Kingdom of Navarre

Supported by:

France

| Castilian-Aragonese victory

* Navarre south of the Pyrenees is annexed to Spain, while north of the Pyrenees to France.

## Habsburg Spain

[edit]

Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results

|
|
|

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results
Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577 [tr]

* Algiers expedition (1516)
* Algiers expedition (1519)
* Capture of Peñón of Algiers
* Battle of Formentera
* Siege of Coron (1533–1534)
* Conquest of Tunis (1534)
* Conquest of Tunis (1535)
* Sack of Mahón
* Siege of Castelnuovo
* Battle of Preveza
* Battle of Girolata
* Algiers expedition
* Siege of Nice
* Battle of Alborán
* Sack of Cullera
* Siege of Tripoli (1551)
* Capture of Béjaïa (1555)
* Siege of Oran (1556)
* Raid of the Balearic islands (1558)
* Expedition to Mostaganem (1558)
* Battle of Djerba
* Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir
* Great Siege of Malta
* Capture of Tunis (1569)
* Battle of Lepanto
* Conquest of Tunis (1574)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Southern Europe, North Africa

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples
* Kingdom of Sicily

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire

* Duchy of Burgundy
* Duchy of Savoy

Malta
Republic of Genoa
Monaco
Papal States
Republic of Florence
Hafsid Kingdom

|  Ottoman Empire

* Ottoman Egypt
* Ottoman Libya
* Ottoman Tunisia
* Ottoman Algeria

Supported by:
France

| Ottoman victory in North Africa, strategic balance in the Mediterranean
Spanish-Algerian war (1516–1518)

* Capture of Algiers
* Algiers expedition
* Battle of Oued Djer
* Expedition to the Moulouya
* Siege of Tlemcen
* Part of Spanish campaigns in the Maghreb (1497–1535) and Spanish–Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: North Africa

|  Spain

* Spanish Oran

Kingdom of Tlemcen

|  Regency of Algiers

Kingdom of Kuku

| Hispano-Zayyanid Victory

* Khayr al-Din renounced the title of Sultan of Algiers. Then contacted Selim I, offering his allegiance as Beylerbey and obtained Ottoman assistance for the next year.

Spanish-Ottoman War (1518–1519)

* Fall of Tlemcen
* Algiers expedition
* Spanish assault on Djerba
* Part of Spanish campaigns in the Maghreb (1497–1535) and Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: North Africa

|  Spain

* Spanish Oran

Kingdom of Sicily

* * *

Kingdom of Kuku |  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers

| Stalemate:

* Hayreddin Barbarossa recaptured Tlemcen in December 1518 and is made Beylerbey in 1521.
* King of Kuku annexes Algiers and reigns there for several years.

Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
(1519–21)

* The Night of Sorrows
* Fall of Tenochtitlan

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

|  Spanish conquistadores

Indian auxiliaries

* Tlaxcala
* Cempoala

|  Aztec Empire | Victory

* Aztec empire is annexed to Spanish Empire

Revolt of the Brotherhoods
(1519–23)

* Brotherhoods of Mallorca

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Empire of Charles V

* Kingdom of Valencia
* Kingdom of Majorca

| Germanies | Royalist victory
Revolt of the Comuneros
(1520–21)

* Battle of Villalar

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Empire of Charles V | Castilian rebels  | Royalist victory
Indigenous Rebellion of 1520

* part of conquest of VenezuelaLocation: South America

|  Spanish conquistadores | caribes, tagares and aruacas | Defeat

* Spaniards retreat and punish Antonio Flores for killing an indigenous Cacique.

Italian War of 1521–1526
(1521–1526)

* Battle of Pampluna
* Battle of Noain-Esquiroz
* Battle of Noáin
* Battle of Bicocca
* Siege of Genoa
* Battle of Sesia
* Italian campaign of 1524–1525
* Battle of Pavia

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Modern France and Low Countries)

|  Spain

Holy Roman Empire
England
Papal States (1521–1523 and 1525–1526)

|  France

* Swiss mercenaries

Republic of Venice

Papal States (1524–1525)

Marquisate of Saluzzo

| Habsburg Victory

* Capture of Francois I of France

Green Banner Mutiny

(1521)

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Seville

|  Spain

* Kingdom of Seville

| Andalusian rebels  | Government victory
Battle of Mactan (1521)

* Part of Magellan expedition

Location: Asia, Philippine Islands

|  Spain
Rajahnate of Cebu | Kedatuan of Mactan | Defeat

* Visayan kingdom of Mactan Island forces kills Magellan.

1521 Santo Domingo Slave Revolt (1521)

Location: Americas, Caribbean Sea, Hispaniola

|  Spain | African slaves  | Victory
Moluccas issue

(1521–1529)

* Magellan expedition
* Loaísa expedition
* Saavedra expedition

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands (modern Indonesia)

|  Spain

* Spanish East Indies

|  Portuguese Empire

* Portuguese Malacca

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Zaragoza

Tidore-Ternate conflicts (1521–1667)[63][64]

* Spanish Jailolo-Portuguese Ternate war of 1533
* Spanish conquest of the Moluccas[65][66]

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands and Philippine Islands

| Sultanate of TidoreSupported by:

Spain

* Spanish East Indies
* Ternatean supporters of Spanish rule (since 1606)

Jailolo Sultanate (until 1536)

Sultanate of Bacan (1521–1557; 1583–1609)

|  Sultanate of Ternate

* Jailolo Sultanate (since 1551)

Supported by:

Portuguese Empire (until 1605)

* Portuguese India
* Portuguese Malacca
* Portuguese Macau
* Portuguese Indonesian colonies

Dutch Empire (since 1605)

* Dutch East Indies

Sultanate of Bacan (1557–1583; 1609–1667)

| Stalemate
Spanish conquest of the Tarascan empire

(1522–1530)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

|  Purépecha Empire | Victory

* Incorporation of the territory into the Viceroyalty of New Spain

Spanish conquest of Chiapas
(1523–1695)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Zoque people

Chiapaneca people Independent Maya, including:

* Lakandon Chʼol people
* Tojolabal people
* Tzotzil people

Spanish conquest of Yucatán
(1523–1547)

Location: Mesoamerica (ModernMexico)

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Mayan tribes | Victory
Spanish conquest of Guatemala
(1524–1667)

Location: Central America

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Independent indigenous kingdoms and city-states  | Victory
Spanish conquest of El Salvador
(1524–1539)

Location: Central America

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Indigenous peoples of El Salvador, including:

* Chʼortiʼ Maya people
* Lenca people
* Mangue people
* Matagalpa people
* Pipil people
* Poqomam Maya people
* Xinca people

| Victory
Spanish conquest of Honduras

(1524 – c. 1539)

Location: Central America

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Indigenous peoples of Honduras, including:

* Chorotega people
* Ch'ol Maya people
* Ch'orti' Maya people
* Jicaque people
* Lenca people
* Pech people
* Pipil people
* Sumu people

| Victory
Spanish Expedition to Chesapeake Bay

(1526)

Location: North America (modern South Carolina)

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Hostile Natives

* * *

African rebels

* * *

Spanish mutineers  | Defeat

* San Miguel de Gualdape is abandoned.

War of the League of Cognac
(1526–1530)

* Sack of Rome
* Battle of Capo d'Orso
* Battle of Landriano
* Siege of Florence

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Spain

Holy Roman Empire
Republic of Genoa (1528–1530)

Duchy of Ferrara

Duchy of Mantua (1528–1530)

|  France

* Swiss mercenaries

Papal States

* Swiss Guards

Republic of Venice
Republic of Florence
Kingdom of England

Republic of Genoa (1526–1528)

Kingdom of Navarre
Duchy of Milan

| Victory
Ottoman–Habsburg wars
(1526–1791)

* Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577
* Capture of Peñón of Algiers
* Siege of Vienna
* Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528
* Balkan campaign of 1529
* Battle of Formentera
* Little War in Hungary
* Siege of Coron
* Conquest of Tunis (1535)
* Sack of Mahón
* Siege of Castelnuovo
* Battle of Girolata
* Battle of Alboran
* Algiers expedition
* Capture of Mahdia
* Siege of Oran
* Ottoman raid of the Balearic islands
* Expedition to Mostaganem
* Battle of Djerba
* Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir
* Great Siege of Malta
* Battle of Lepanto
* Conquest of Tunis (1574)
* Long Turkish War
* Battle of Cape Corvo
* Battle of Cape Celidonia
* Great Turkish War

Location: Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, North Africa, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia

|  Habsburg dynasty:

Holy Roman Empire

* Archduchy of Austria
* Kingdom of Bohemia
* Republic of Genoa

Kingdom of Hungary

* Kingdom of Croatia

Spanish Empire
Non-Habsburg allies:
Moldavia
Transylvania
Wallachia
Tsardom of Russia
Cossack Hetmanate (Muscovite and Polish vassals)
Holy League Allies:
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Duchy of Mantua
Republic of Venice
Order of Saint John

|  Ottoman Empire

Vassals:

* Moldavia
* Transylvania
* Wallachia
* Cossack Hetmanate (Doroshenko's faction)
* Crimean Khanate

| Victory

End of Ottoman expansion

* Decline of both the Ottoman and Habsburg empires

Hungarian Civil War (1526–1538)

* Part of Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary and Austro-Turkish War (1529–1533)

Location: Eastern Europe and Central Europe (Modern Hungary, Croatia, Romania and Austria)

|  Western Hungarian Kingdom

* Hungarian loyals to Ferdinand I
* Kingdom of Croatia[67]

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire Empire of Charles V

* Spain
* Archduchy of Austria

Papal States

Serbian rebels

|  Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

* Hungarian and Croats loyals to John I
* Voivode of Transylvania

Supported by:

Ottoman Empire

* Serbian Despotate
* Wallachia
* Moldavia
* Ottoman Hungary

Kingdom of France

| Stalemate

* Hungary was divided into larger Ottoman and smaller Habsburg spheres of influence, as well as a semi-independent Hungarian vassal state of Transylvania.
* Treaty of Nagyvárad divided Hungary between them. Ferdinand recognized Zápolya as John I, King of Hungary and ruler of two-thirds of the Kingdom, while Zápolya conceded the rule of Ferdinand over western Hungary, and recognized him as heir to the Hungarian throne, since Zápolya was childless.

Espadán Rebellion (1526)

* part of Mudejar revolts

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spain

* Kingdom of Valencia

|  Morisco | Crown victory
Narváez expedition (1528–36)

Location: North America (modern Southern United States)

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Tocobaga

Uzita
Apalachee
Timucua
Autes

| Inconclusive

* Spanish troops lost the route after a hurricane and return by land to Mexico.

First Austro-Turkish War (1529–1533)

* 1st Ottoman siege of Vienna

Location: Central Europe (Modern Austria and Southern Germany)

|  Empire of Charles V

* Spain
* Archduchy of Austria

Holy Roman Empire

* Electorate of the Palatinate
* Kingdom of Bohemia

Papal States

|  Ottoman Empire

* Moldavia
* Ottoman Hungary

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

| Stalemate

* Truce of Constantinople (1533). There would be no real peace treaty in the entire sixteenth century. Habsburg-Ottoman sporadic battles continue.

Spanish-Ottoman War (1529–1541)

* Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529)
* Campaign of Cherchell (1531)
* Siege of Coron
* Conquest of Tunis (1534)
* Conquest of Tunis (1535)
* Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1535)
* Sack of Mahón
* Pulya Campaign
* Battle of Preveza
* Siege of Castelnuovo
* Invasion of Gibraltar (1540)
* Battle of Girolata
* Algiers expedition (1541)
* Part of Spanish–Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Mediterranean Sea and North Africa

|  Empire of Charles V

* Spain
* Kingdom of Sicily
* Kingdom of Naples
* Kingdom of Sardinia
* Holy Roman Empire
* Republic of Genoa
* County of Flanders

Papal States

Kingdom of Portugal

Knights of Malta

Kingdom of France (until 1534)

Hafsid dynasty

Kingdom of Kuku

Kabyle people

|  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers
* Ottoman Tunisia

Kingdom of Tlemcen

Banu Rashid

Arab irregulars

Kingdom of France (since 1535)

| Stalemate

* Mostly victories for Ottoman raids, by Hayreddin Barbarossa on Mediterranean sea.
* Spaniards couldn't install a client Zayyanid prince on the throne in Tlemcen. Algiers is under fully Ottoman control
* After Habsburg forces conquer the fortress of Monastir, Sousse, Hammamet and Kelibia, Spaniards make Tunisia, under Muley Hassan of the Hafsid dynasty, a Client state.

Ternatean–Portuguese conflicts (1530–1605)

* Revolt of Dayal (1533–1536)
* Jailolo war
* Spanish expedition to the Moluccas of 1602–1603
* Dutch conquest of Tidore

Location: Asia, Maluku Islands and Philippine Islands

|  Portuguese Empire

* Portuguese East Indies
* Ternateans loyals to Portuguese protectorate

Spain (since 1580)

* Spanish East Indies
* Sultanate of Tidore
* Sultanate of Bacan

|  Sultanate of Ternate

* Sultanate of Jailolo

Spain (from 1533 to 1536)

* Spanish East Indies
* Sultanate of Tidore

Dutch Empire (since 1605)

* Dutch East India Company

| Defeat

* The Portuguese settlers with their families were forced to leave Tidore for Manila.
* Establishment of Dutch-Ternate alliance against Iberian alliance.
* Response with the Spanish conquest of the Moluccas.

Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
(1531–72)

* Battle of Punta Quemada
* Battle of Puná
* Battle of Cajamarca
* Battle of Vilcaconga
* Battle of Cuzco
* Battle of Maraycalla
* Battle of Mount Chimborazo
* Siege of Cuzco
* Siege of Lima
* Battle of Ollantaytambo
* Battle of Abancay
* Battle of Las Salinas
* Battle of Chupas
* Battle of Iñaquito
* Battle of Huarina
* Battle of Jaquijahuana

Location: South America (Modern Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, southern Colombia, northern Chile and northwest Argentina)

|  Spanish conquistadores

* Province of Tierra Firme (until 1537)
* Governorate of New Castile (until 1542)
* Governorate of New Toledo (until 1542)
* Viceroyalty of Peru (since 1542)

Indian auxiliaries

* Cañaris
* Huancas
* Huaylas
* Chachapoya
* Tlaxcalans
* Nicaraguas
* Collaborist Inca nobility
* Huáscarist
* Neo-Inca State (until 1536)
* Catholized Incas

|  Inca Empire (until 1535)

* Atahualpist

* * *

Neo-Inca State (since 1536)

* Pagan resistance

| Victory

* Former Inca lands, after death of Atahualpa, are incorporated into Viceroyalty of Peru.
* Start of Civil wars between the conquerors of Peru
* Vilcabamba Inca firms Treaty of Acobamba, thus making a Translatio imperii of the Mascapaicha rights, to rule the "Reynos del Perú" [Tahuantinsuyo], from Vilcabamba Incas to the Spanish Kings as heirs of Atahualpa rights.
* Exploration and conquest of the various dominions and towns of South America by Spain from the Kingdom of Peru.

Yaqui Wars

(1533–1929)

* Part of Mexican Indian Wars

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire (until 1821)

* New Spain

* * *

Mexico (since 1821)

* * *

United States (since 1896)  |  Yaqui | Stalemate

Mexican-American victory

Dutch-Hanseatic Corsair War

(1532–1534)[68]

* Part of Sont WarsLocation: Baltic Sea and North Sea

|  Empire of Charles V

* Habsburg Netherlands

Holstein

England (until 1533)

Supported by:

Denmark-Norway [Catholics]

|  Hanseatic League

* Free City of Lübeck[69]

England (since 1533)

Supported by:

Sweden

Denmark-Norway [Protestants]

| Military inconclussive, Political Victory

* Marx Meier successfully sacks the Spanish Fleets on the Baltic and English Coasts while Protestant Reformation still ongoing in Nordic countries, but Hanseatic League start to decline in Northern Europe (in favour of Dutch, Danes and Swedes) and it is isolated of support from the German enemies of Charles V.[70]
* The Council of Lübeck, beside the attitude of Jürgen Wullenwever (mayor of Lübeck) accept a ceasefire offer in March 1534, and also changed sides in the Denmark Succession Conflict and joins to the Count's Feud in favour of Cristian II (so, the conflict ended de facto as both were in the same side in the new Conflict, but legally would continue 4 years more). Also Peace of Stockeldorf with Holstein
* Dutch and Spanish ships can cross the Øresund Strait and commerce in Eastern Baltic Sea, declining the Hanseatic Monopoly.
* End of the economical supremacy of Lubeck over the Hanseatic League, and also fall of Jürgen Wullenwever.

Count's Feud

(1534–1536)

* Battle of Heiligerlee (1536)
* Part of European wars of religion

Location: Northern Europe (Denmark)

|  Christian II (Catholics)

County of Oldenburg

Free City of Lübeck

Scania

Malmö

Copenhagen

Zealand

Supported by:

Norwegian nobles[71]

Empire of Charles V

* Habsburg Netherlands

|  Christian III (Protestants)

Schleswig

Holstein

Sweden

Duchy of Prussia

Jutland

Funen

Supported by:

Norwegian nobles[72]

Duchy of Guelders

| Defeat

* Consolidation of Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein and Absolutist monarchy.
* Invasion of Catholic Norway by Protestant Denmark, making Denmark–Norway union.

Iguape War

(1534–1536)

Location: Southern Brazil

|  Spanish Empire

Indian auxiliaries

* Carijós
* Guaianás

|  Portuguese Empire

* Brazilian colonial forces

| Defeat

* Spaniards retreat from the region of São Vicente, São Paulo

Expedition of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

(1535–1554)

Location: North America

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Pueblo

Zuni people

| Stalemate

* Spanish withdrawal after finding Cíbola and Quivira, being desilusionated due to not being the Seven Cities of Gold.

Sicily Mutiny

(1535)
Location: Sicily

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of Sicily

|  Tercio of Sicily mutineers  | Rebellion repressed
First attempt of colonizing Buenos Aires

(1536–1541)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Argentina)

|  Spanish Empire

* Port of Santa Maria del Buen Aire

| Querandí

Help from:

Charrúa

Guaraní

Chana

Timbú

| Defeat

* Indigenous peoples burned down the city in 1539.
* The Spanish abandon the city and translate to Asunción in 1541.

Italian War of 1536–1538
(1536–1538)

Location: Southern France, Northern Italy and Mediterranean Sea

|  Holy Roman Empire
Spain

* Swiss mercenaries

|  Kingdom of France
Ottoman Empire | Defeat

* Truce of Nice
* Savoy and Piedmont acquired by France

Civil wars between the conquerors of Peru (1537–1554)

* Great Encomenderos Rebellion

Location: South America (Modern Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Chile)

|  Royalists

* Viceroyalty of Peru

|  Pizarrists (New Castile)

* * *

Almagrists (New Toledo)

* * *

Gonzalists

* Encomendero

| Royalist Victory

* Governorate of New Castile and Governorate of New Toledo are replaced by Viceroyalty of Peru.
* Effective establishment of royal authority, to the detriment of the power acquired by the Encomenderos.
* Effective promulgation of the New Laws to protect natural rights of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. Consolidation of Derecho indiano.

Spanish conquest of the Muisca
(1537–1540)

* Part of Spanish conquest of New Granada

Location: South America (Modern Colombia)

|  Spain

* Province of Tierra Firme
* Klein-Venedig
* Governorate of New Castile

Indian auxiliaries

* Zipazgos of the south

| Muisca Confederation Guecha warriors | Victory

* Muisca Confederation becomes part of the Spanish Empire
* Foundation of the New Kingdom of Granada after vassal the indigenous peoples of the territory.

Spanish conquest of Chaco region

(1537–1800s)

Location: South America, Gran Chaco

|  Spain

* Governorate of New Andalusia (until 1542)
* Viceroyalty of Peru (since 1542)
* Governorate of Paraguay
* Governorate of Rio de la Plata
* Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata (since 1776)

Jesuit missions

Indian auxiliaries

* Guaraní people
* Christianized Guaycuru peoples

* * *

Portuguese Empire
* Brazilian colonial forces

| Gran Chaco people (Guaycuru peoples)

* Abipón
* Payaguá
* Calchaquí
* Mocoví

| Inconclusive due to economical problems after the Expulsion of the Jesuits and the Spanish American wars of independence.
Third Ottoman–Venetian War
(1537–40)

* Part of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577 and Italian War of 1536–1538

Location: Mediterranean Sea

| Holy League:
Republic of Venice
Spain
Republic of Genoa
Papal States
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily
Knights of Malta |  Ottoman Empire
France (until 1538) | Defeat
Spanish expedition to North America[73]
(1539–1543)

* Battle of Mabila
* Mississippi River battle

Location: North America (modern Georgia and South Carolina)

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

Portuguese volunteers

| Northern Utina
Coosa chiefdom
Tuskaloosa
Chickasaw

Cofitachequi Joara

| Defeat and withdrawal of Hernando de Soto.
Grijalva expedition to the equatorial Pacific (1539–42)

Location: Pacific Ocean

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Governorate of New Castile

| Hostile Indigenous peoples

* * *

Spanish mutineers  | Inconsclusive due to the loss of the ship in New Guinea.
Revolt of Ghent (1539–1540)

Location: Low Countries and Germany

|  Empire of Charles V | Citizens of Ghent | Victory

* Building of the Castle of the Spaniards (Spanjaardenkasteel)

Mixtón War
(1540–42)

* part of Mexican indian war

Location: North America

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Caxcanes | Victory
Tiguex War
(1540–41)

* Part of Mexican indian war

Location: North America

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Tiwa Indians | Victory
Second Austro-Turkish War (1540–1547)

* Part of Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) and Croatian–Ottoman wars

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe

|  Habsburg monarchy

* Archduchy of Austria
* Kingdom of Hungary
* Kingdom of Croatia

Holy Roman Empire

* Bohemia
* Duchy of Styria
* Duchy of Carniola

Spain

* Spanish Italy

Papal States

|  Ottoman Empire

* Crimean Khanate
* Wallachia
* Moldavia
* Ottoman Hungary

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom

France

| Defeat

* Truce of Adrianople (1547)
* Ferdinand I of Austria and Charles I of Spain recognized total Ottoman control of Hungary.

Conquest of Chile (1541–1598)

* Part of Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire (theatre of Qullasuyu)

Location: South America (modern Chile)

|  Spanish Empire

* Governorate of New Toledo (until 1542)
* Viceroyalty of Peru (since 1542)
* Captaincy General of Chile

Indian auxiliaries

| Indigenous peoples in Chile | Establishment of the Captaincy General of Chile after incorporating the territories up to the Biobío River, avoiding incorporating hostile indigenous people.

Beginning of the Arauco War.

Nachi Cocom's Rebellion

(1542)

Location: Mexico

|  Spain

* New Spain

| Cocom | Victory

* Nachi Cocom is vassalized as a Cacique subject to Spanish Monarchy.

Italian War of 1542–1546
(1542–1546)

* Siege of Perpignan
* Siege of Nice
* Battle of Muros
* Block of Genoa
* Battle of Ceresole
* Battle of Serravalle
* Part of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Low Countries, England, France)

|  Spain

Holy Roman Empire

* Saxony
* Brandenburg

Kingdom of England

|  France

* Swiss mercenaries

Ottoman Empire
Jülich-Cleves-Berg

Denmark–Norway (1542–1543)

| Inconclusive

* Treaty of Crépy and Treaty of Ardres

Spanish expedition to Tidore and Papuan Islands of Ruy López de Villalobos (1542–1543)

Location: Pacific Ocean (Modern Indonesia and Papua New Guinea)

|  Spain

* Spanish East Indies
* Sultanate of Tidore

| Pirates' nest Gebe on Papuan Islands | Pyrrhic Victory
Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Spanish Empire
Supporters of Abu Abdallah VI  |  Kingdom of Tlemcen
Banu Rashid
Wattasid sultanate
Minor support:
Regency of Algiers | Victory

* Abu Abdallah VI restored to the Zayyanid throne as a Spanish vassal[74]

Expedition to Mostaganem (1543)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Spanish Empire |  Regency of Algiers | Defeat
1st Communero Rebellion of Paraguay (1544)

Location: South America (Paraguay, North Argentina and Eastern Bolivia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of Rio de la Plata and Paraguay

| Communero rebels  | Defeat

* Establishment of Domingo Martínez de Irala as governor by popular election of the Encomenderos.

Attack on Jailolo

(1545)

Location: Maluku Islands

|  Portuguese Empire

* Portuguese Indonesia

Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

Sultanate of Ternate

| Sultanate of Jailolo | Defeat
Arauco War
(1546–17th or 18th century)

* Battle of Quilacura
* Battle of Andalien
* Battle of Penco
* Battle of Tucapel
* Battle of Marihueñu
* Battle of Peteroa
* Battle of Mataquito
* Battle of Lagunillas
* Battle of Millarapue
* Battle of Quiapo
* Siege of Concepción
* Battle of Angol
* Battle of Catirai
* Battle of Curalaba
* Destruction of the Seven Cities

Location: South America (Modern Chile and Argentina)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile
* Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata (since 1777)

Indian auxiliaries:

* Yanaconas
* Indios reyunos
* Mapuche allies (Boroano, etc.)
* Other Cacicazgos

|  Indigenous people from Araucania and Patagonia:

* Mapuche
* Huilliche
* Cuncos
* Pehuenche
* Other tribes

| Defeat

* Spanish Empire renounces the domination of the territories south of the Biobío River and recognizes the independence of the Mapuche tribes of the place.
* «La Frontera» appears, as a border area between the Captaincy General of Chile and the territory of the Mapuche tribes.
* Successive peace parliaments between the Spanish Empire and the Mapuche tribes during the conflict.

Schmalkaldic War
(1546–47)

* part of European wars of religion

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Germany)

|  Empire of Charles V:

* Spain
* Holy Roman Empire

Duchy of Saxony (Albertines)
Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Bohemia and other Lands of the Bohemian Crown

Papal States

| Schmalkaldic League:

* Electorate of Saxony (Ernestines)
* Hesse
* Electorate of the Palatinate
* Bremen
* Lübeck
* Brunswick-Lüneburg
* Other German territories

Kingdom of England

| Victory

* Capitulation of Wittenberg: Schmalkaldic League dissolved, Saxon electoral dignity passed to the Albertine House of Wettin

The Estates Revolt in Bohemia

(1547)[75]

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Czech Republic)

|  Empire of Charles V

* Spain
* Holy Roman Empire

|  Bohemian rebels

* * *

Electorate of Saxony | Victory
Bayano Wars (1548–82)

Location: South America (Modern Colombia)

|  Spain

* Peru
* New Kingdom of Granada

| Slaves | Victory
Chichimeca War
(1550–90)

* Part of Mexican indian war

Location: North America (Modern Mexico)

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Indian auxiliaries (Tlaxcalteca, Caxcan, Otomí, Mexica, Purépecha)

| Chichimeca (Zacateco, Guachichil, Guamare, Pame)  | Defeat
Spanish-Ottoman War (1550–1560)

* Capture of Mahdia
* Siege of Tripoli
* Campaign of Tlemcen (1551)
* Capture of Béjaïa
* Raid of the Balearic islands
* Expedition to Mostaganem
* Battle of Djerba
* Part of German-Ottoman war 1550–1562, Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577 and Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco

Location: Mediterranean Sea, North Africa and Central Europe (mostly Hungary)

|  Spain

Knights of Malta

Saadi Sultanate

|  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers
* Regency of Tunis

Kingdom of Beni Abbas

Kingdom of Kuku

| Defeat

* Béjaïa under Ottoman rule.
* Ottomans capture Tripoli.
* Mahdia was abandoned by Spain.
* Ottomans temporarily occupy parts of the Balearics.
* Ottoman supremacy on Mediterranean sea seizured until Battle of Lepanto.

Italian War of 1551–1559
(1551–1559)

* War of Parma
* Siege of Mirandola
* Battle of Marciano
* War of Siena
* Siege of Civitella
* Battle of St. Quentin
* Battle of Gravelines

Location: Western Europe (Italian Peninsula, Low Countries, France)

* Spanish Empire
* Holy Roman Empire
* Kingdom of England
* Republic of Florence
* Duchy of Savoy

|  Kingdom of France

* Swiss mercenaries

Republic of Siena
Ottoman Empire

Papal States

| Victory

* Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis
* Spain is confirmed as the dominant power in Italy
* France renounces its claim in Italy but wins the Three Bishoprics (Metz, Toul and Verdun) in Lorraine and the Pale of Calais from England.

Second Schmalkaldic War (1552–55)

Location: Central Europe (Holy Roman Empire, Modern Germany)

|  Empire of Charles V:

* Spain
* Holy Roman Empire

|  Electorate of Saxony

Hesse

Duchy of Prussia

Electorate of Brandenburg

Principality of Bayreuth

Kingdom of France

| Defeat

* Extension of the rights of German electors (Cujus regio, ejus religio)
* Treaty of Passau (1552)
* Peace of Augsburg (1555)
* Abdication of Charles V
* The bishoprics of Metz, Toul and Verdun pass to France
* Cancellation to Spanische Sukzession

Third Austro-Turkish War (1552–1559)

* Battle of Szeged
* Siege of Temeswar
* Part of German-Ottoman war 1550–1562 and Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568)

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe (modern Hungary and Romania)

|  Holy Roman Empire

* Bohemia

Habsburg monarchy

* Archduchy of Austria
* Kingdom of Hungary

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (until 1556)

Spain

* Spanish Italy

|  Ottoman Empire

* Crimean Khanate
* Wallachia
* Moldavia

Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (since 1556)

Kingdom of France

| Stalemate

* Treaty of Constantinople (1562)
* Banat became part of the Ottoman Empire.

Rebellion of Buria

(1555)

Location: Venezuela

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

| Slave rebels loyals to "Kingdom of Buría"  | Victory

* The self-proclaimed King, Miguel de Buría, is punished

Bandeirantes raids from Brazil to Spanish domains (1557–18th century)

Location: South America (mostly Amazon rainforest)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Viceroyalty of New Granada (since 1717)
* Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata (since 1777)

|  Bandeirantes from Colonial Brazil | Stalemate

* The Amazon is divided between Spain and Portugal with the Treaty of Madrid (1750), as both countries compromissed to stop and punish bandits expeditions from bandeirantes.

Spanish-Ottoman War (1559–1565)[76]

* Battle of Djerba
* Sieges of Oran and Mers El Kébir
* Sack of Granada
* Great Siege of Malta
* Part of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Iberian Peninsula, North Africa

|  Spain

* Spanish Italy
* Kingdom of Sicily

Knights of Malta

Duchy of Savoy

Republic of Genoa

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Papal States

|  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers
* Regency of Tunis

Kingdom of Beni Abbas

Kingdom of Kuku

Kingdom of France

| Victory

* Dragut dies in action leading to conflict between remaining Ottoman generals
* Myth of Ottoman Invincibility in Europe destroyed

Calchaquí Wars (1560–1667)

* Part of Spanish conquest of Argentina

Location: South America (modern Argentine Northwest)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Tucuman Governorate
* Real Audiencia of Charcas

|  Diaguita Confederation | Victory

* Conquest of Tucuman.

French Wars of Religion
(1562–98)

* Battle of Arques
* Battle of Ivry
* Siege of Paris
* Siege of Rouen
* Siege of Caudebec
* Battle of Craon
* Battle of Blaye
* Siege of Morlaix
* Siege of Fort Crozon

Location: France and Low Countries

|  Catholics:

* Catholic League
* Spain
* Portugal
* Papal States
* Duchy of Savoy
* Kingdom of France (until 1588)

| Protestants:

* Huguenots
* England
* Scotland
* Navarre

Politiques

* Kingdom of France (since 1588)
* Tuscany

| Inconclusive

* Uneasy truce.
* The Edict of Nantes granted the Huguenots substantial rights in certain areas.
* Paris and other defined territories were declared to be permanently Catholic.
* Failure of France's enemies to weaken France or to gain territories.

Battle of Gibraltar (1563)

Location: Gibraltar

|  Spain |  England | Victory
Rebellion of the Guamares

(1564–1568)Location: Mexico

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Guamare people | Victory

* Spaniards built Presidios in the zone.

Spanish-Chiriguana War (1564–17th century)

Location: South America (Eastern Bolivia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of Santa Cruz de la Sierra
* Governorate of Paraguay

| Ava Guaraní people | Victory

* Conquest of Eastern Bolivia for the Real Audiencia of Charcas.

Spanish assault on French Florida (1565)

Location: North America, Florida

|  Spain |  Kingdom of France

* French Florida

Huguenots

| Victory
Spanish conquest of the Philippines
(1565–1575)

* Capture of Cebu
* Conquest of Madja-as
* Battle of Manila (1570)
* Battle of Bangkusay Channel
* Siege of Cainta (August 1571)
* Battle of Manila (1574)

Location: Southeast Asia, Philippine Islands

|  Spain

* Allied Visayan forces
* Indian auxiliaries from Mexico (mostly Tlaxcalans)[77]

| Rajahnate of Maynila
Macabebe
Tondo polity
Rahjanate of Cebu | Victory

* Establishment of the Captaincy General of the Philippines by Miguel López de Legazpi.
* Start of Spanish–Moro conflict

Spanish–Moro conflict
(1565–1900)

* Battle of Cebu (1569)
* Spanish-Moro Incident (1570)
* Limahong campaign (1574–1576)
* Battle of Manila (1574)
* Castilian War (1578)
* Jolo Jihad (1578–1580)
* Mindanao expedition (1596)
* Cotabato Revolt (1597)
* Raid of Visayas (1599–1600)
* Spanish-Moro Incident (1602)
* Jolo expedition (1602)
* Basilan Revolt (1614)
* Kudarat Revolt (1625)
* Battle of Jolo (1628)
* Sulu Revolt (1628)
* Jolo expedition (1630)
* Lanao Lamitan Revolt (1637)
* Spanish occupation of Jolo (1638–1646)
* Battle of Punta Flechas (1638)
* Sultan Bungsu Revolt (1638)
* Mindanao Revolt (1638)
* Lanao Revolt (1639)
* Sultan Salibansa Revolt (1639)
* Corralat Revolt (1649)
* Spanish-Moro Incident (1876)

Location: Southeast Asia, Southern Philippine Islands and Borneo Island

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of the Philippines

|  Sultanate of Sulu
Sultanate of Maguindanao
Confederation of sultanates in Lanao

Supported by:

* Sultanate of Ternate
* Bruneian empire
* Ottoman Empire
* Dutch East India Company

| Stalemate

* Failure to conquer the Moros, but seizure of Spanish East Indies.
* Start of Sino-Spanish conflicts due to Spanish attacks on Chinese tributary states.

Philippine revolts against Spain
(1567–1872)

* Dagami revolt (1567)
* Tagalog Revolt (1574)
* Pampanga Revolt (1585)
* Tondo Conspiracy (1587)
* Dingras Revolt (1589)
* Cagayan Revolt (1589)
* Magalat revolt (1596)
* Igorot revolt (1601)
* Sangley Rebellion (1603)
* Caquenga's Revolt (1607)
* Irraya or Gaddang Revolt (1621)
* Tamblot uprising (1621–1622)
* Bankaw revolt (1621–1622)
* Itneg Revolt (1625–1627)
* Second Chinese Insurrection (1639–1640)
* Ladia Revolt (1643)
* Sumuroy Revolt (1649–1650)
* Maniago Revolt (1660–1661)
* Malong Revolt (1660–1661)
* Almazan Revolt (January 1661)
* Chinese Revolt (1662)
* Panay Revolt (1663)
* Zambal Revolt (1681–1683)
* Dagohoy Rebellion (1744–1829)
* Agrarian Revolt (1745)
* Silang Revolt (1762–1763)
* Palaris Revolt (1762–1765)
* Basi Revolt (1807)
* Novales Revolt (1823)
* Palmero Conspiracy (1828)
* Pule Revolt (1840–1841)
* Cavite mutiny (1872)

Location: Philippines

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Filipino loyalists

* Filipino rebel groups
* Muslim resistance

* * *

* British supporters
* Bruneian and Ottoman supporters
* Japanese and Chinese supporters

| Victory

* Most revolts failed

Spanish expeditions to the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu (1567–1606)

* First Spanish expedition to Solomon

Location: Oceania (Mostly Polynesia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Philippines

| Hostile inhabitants of Polynesia | Stalemate

* Failed colonization attempts due to disease and belligerence of the inhabitants, as well as war crimes by explorers that discouraged the enterprise.

Battle of Maracapana (1567/68)

Location: Caribbean islands

|  Spain Indian auxiliaries

* Jirajaran

| Kalinago | Decisive Spanish victory, dissolution of the Caribbean alliance and flight of the chief Guaicaipuro to Suruapo to be assassinated in 1569.
Battle of San Juan de Ulúa (1568)

Location: Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico

|  Spain

* New Spain

|  England | Victory
Blockade of Cebu (1568)

* Part of Portuguese–Spanish colonial rivalry

Location: Philippines

|  Spain

* Filipino loyalists

|  Portuguese Empire | Victory
Eighty Years' War
(1568–1648)

Western Europe

* Battle of Oosterweel
* Battle of Dahlen
* Battle of Heiligerlee
* Battle of Jemmingen
* Battle of Jodoigne
* Capture of Brielle
* Siege of Mons
* Relief of Goes
* Sack of Mechelen
* Siege of Middelburg
* Siege of Haarlem
* Siege of Alkmaar
* Capture of Geertruidenberg
* Siege of Leiden
* Battle of Delft
* Capture of Valkenburg
* Battle of Mookerheyde
* Siege of Oudewater
* Siege of Schoonhoven
* Siege of Zierikzee
* Sack of Antwerp
* Battle of Gembloux
* Battle of Rijmenam
* Siege of Deventer
* Battle of Borgerhout
* Siege of Maastricht
* Capture of Mechelen
* Siege of Steenwijk
* Battle of Kollum
* Capture of Breda
* Battle of Noordhorn
* Siege of Niezijl
* Siege of Lochem
* Siege of Lier
* Siege of Eindhoven
* Battle of Steenbergen
* Capture of Aalst
* Fall of Antwerp
* Siege of IJsseloord
* Battle of Empel
* Battle of Boksum
* Siege of Grave
* Siege of Venlo
* Capture of Axel
* Destruction of Neuss
* Siege of Rheinberg
* Battle of Zutphen
* Siege of Sluis
* Siege of Bergen op Zoom
* Capture of Geertruidenberg
* Capture of Breda
* Siege of Zutphen
* Siege of Deventer
* Capture of Delfzijl
* Siege of Knodsenburg
* Siege of Hulst
* Siege of Nijmegen
* Siege of Rouen
* Siege of Caudebec
* Siege of Steenwijk
* Siege of Coevorden
* Siege of Geertruidenberg
* Siege of Coevorden
* Siege of Huy
* Siege of Groenlo
* Battle of the Lippe
* Siege of Calais
* Siege of Hulst
* Battle of Turnhout
* Siege of Rheinberg
* Siege of Meurs
* Siege of Groenlo
* Siege of Bredevoort
* Capture of Enschede
* Capture of Ootmarsum
* Siege of Oldenzaal
* Siege of Lingen
* Siege of Schenckenschans
* Siege of Zaltbommel
* Siege of Rees
* Battle of Nieuwpoort
* Siege of Rheinberg
* Siege of Ostend
* Siege of 's-Hertogenbosch
* Siege of Grave
* Mutiny of Hoogstraten
* Siege of Sluis
* Siege of Lingen
* Siege of Groenlo
* Siege of Aachen
* Siege of Jülich
* Siege of Bergen op Zoom
* Battle of Fleurus
* Siege of Breda
* Siege of Groenlo
* 2nd 's-Hertogenbosch
* Battle of the Slaak
* Capture of Maastricht
* Siege of Leuven
* Siege of Schenkenschans
* Siege of Breda
* Siege of Venlo
* Battle of Kallo
* Siege of Hulst

European Waters

* Battle of Flushing
* Battle of Borsele
* Battle of Haarlemmermeer
* Battle on the Zuiderzee
* Battle of Reimerswaal
* Battle of Lillo
* Battle of Bayona Islands
* Battle of the Gulf of Almería
* Islands Voyage
* Battle of the Narrow Seas
* Battle of Sluis
* Battle of Gibraltar (1607)
* Battle of Gibraltar (1621)
* Battle off Lizard Point
* Action of 18 February 1639
* Action of 18 September 1639
* Battle of the Downs
* Battle of Cape St. Vincent

Americas

* Dutch expedition to Magellan Strait
* Battle of Castro
* Recapture of Bahia
* Battle in the Bay of Matanzas
* Capture of Saint Martin
* Battle of San Juan
* Battle of Abrolhos
* Attack on Saint Martin
* Action of 12–17 January 1640
* Dutch expedition to Valdivia

East Indies

* Battle of Playa Honda
* First Battle of San Salvador
* Second Battle of San Salvador
* Battles of La Naval de Manila
* Battle of Puerto de Cavite

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands
* Dunkirkers
* New Spain
* Peru

Holy Roman Empire

Portuguese Empire (since 1580)

* State of Brazil

|  United Provinces

* Dutch East Indies
* Dutch West Indies

England
Nassau
France

| Defeat

* Peace of Münster
* Independence of the Dutch Republic
* Spanish retention of the Southern Netherlands

Morisco Revolt
(1568–1571)

* part of Mudejar revolts

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spain

* Kingdom of Granada

|  Morisco rebels

With the support of:

* Regency of Algiers
* Wattasid dynasty

| Victory
Spanish-Ottoman War (1569–1580)[76]

* Capture of Tunis (1569)
* Battle of Lepanto
* Siege of Navarino (1572)
* Conquest of Tunis (1574)
* Part of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Peloponnese) and North Africa

|  Spain

* Spanish Italy
* Kingdom of Sicily
* Kingdom of Naples
* Kingdom of Sardinia

Knights of Malta

Duchy of Savoy

Republic of Genoa

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Republic of Venice

Papal States

Hafsid dynasty

|  Ottoman Empire

* Egypt Eyalet
* Regency of Tunis

Regency of Algiers

* Kingdom of Beni Abbas
* Kingdom of Kuku

| Pirric Victory

* Stop of the Ottoman advance in Europe after the end of its naval superiority. But lost of Spanish conquests in North Africa.
* Division of the Mediterranean sea into areas of influence: western for Spain (from Iberian Peninsula to Italy) and eastern for the Ottomans (From the Balkans to Anatolia, and North Africa).
* End of the Spanish-Ottoman proxy conflict for the control of the Mediterranean Sea and Maghreb since 1515.

Fourth Ottoman–Venetian War
(1570–1573)

* Battle of Lepanto (1571)
* Part of Spanish-Ottoman Wars of 1515–1577

Location: Ionian Islands and Aegean Sea

| Holy League:
Republic of Venice
Spain

* Kingdom of Sicily
* Kingdom of Naples

Papal States
Republic of Genoa
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Duchy of Urbino
Duchy of Savoy
Knights of Malta

|  Ottoman Empire | Defeat

* Cyprus under Ottoman rule

Spanish conquest of Mesopotamia

(1573–1583)

Location: South America, Mesopotamia, Argentina

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Río de la Plata and Paraguay Governorate
* Jesuit missions among the Guaraní

Indian auxiliaries

|  Charrúan Complex

Querandí

Guaraní

| Victory

* Death of Juan de Garay

Limahong raids on the South China Sea

(1572–1574)

* Battle of Manila (1574)Location: Philippines, Luzon

|  Ming China

Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Spanish East Indies

Indian auxiliaries from Mexico and Philippines

|  Wokou (Chinese and Japanese pirates)

* * *

Moro people revolters  | Victory

* Start of China–Spain relations. Fujian viceroys offer the Spaniards a colonial port in Xiamen in exchange of capturing Limahong, but was never fulfilled.[78]
* Development of Anti-Chinese sentiment in Spain and Philippines.

Castilian War

(1578)

* Part of Ottoman-Habsburg Wars on Southeast Asia and Spanish-Moro Wars

Location: Southeast Asia (Borneo, Mindanao, Sulu)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Philippines
* Indian auxiliaries from Mexico and Peru

Bruneians who defected to Spain

|  Bruneian Empire

Sultanate of Sulu

Maguindanao

Supported by:

Ottoman Empire[79]

* Turks, Egyptians, Swahilis, Somalis, Sindhis, Gujaratis, and Malabars forces

Sultanate of Aceh

| Status quo ante bellum

* Bruneian military victory to seize its independence from Spanish Empire. Becoming a city-state until today.
* Spanish tactical Victory in ending Bruneian empire at sea and its influence on Philippines.

Battle of Alcácer Quibir

(1578)

* Part of Moroccan–Portuguese conflictsLocation: North Africa

|  Portuguese Empire

Saadi allies

Supported by:

* Spanish Empire
* Holy Roman Empire
* Papal States

| Saadi Morocco

Supported by:

* Ottoman Empire

| Defeat

* Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi is still depossed by Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi
* King of Portugal Sebastian I dies and, starting War of the Portuguese Succession. End of the Aviz dynasty

Expeditions to Chile hostile to Spain during the colony (1578–18th century)

Location: Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Chile

|  European Pirates and Corsairs (mostly English, Dutch and French)  | Stalemate

Mostly repelled

Second Desmond Rebellion
(1579–1583)

* Siege of Carrigafoyle Castle
* Siege of Smerwick
* Part of Desmond Rebellions

Location: British Isles (Ireland)

|  FitzGeralds of Desmond

O'Byrnes
Spain
Papal States
allied Irish clans

|  Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Ireland
allied Irish clans  | Defeat

* Famine throughout Munster
* Plantation of Munster

Revolution of the Seven Chiefs

(1580)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Río de la Plata and Paraguay Governorate

|  Rebel Criollos | Victory
War of the Portuguese Succession
(1580–1583)

* Battle of Alcântara
* Capture of Oporto
* Battle of Salga
* Battle of Ponta Delgada
* Conquest of the Azores

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Portugal) and Atlantic Ocean

|  Spain
Portugal loyal to Philip of Spain |  Portugal loyal to Prior of Crato
France
England
Dutch Republic | Victory

* The Iberian Union: Acquisition of the Kingdom of Portugal and its colonial possessions by Philip II of Spain

Ribagorza War

(1580–91)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spanish Crown  | County of Ribagorza | Victory

* Fernando de Gurrea y Aragón renounce to his claims in favour to the Crown

Chamuscado and Rodríguez Expedition

(1581–82)

Location: North America (modern New Mexico)

|  Spain

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

* Tiwa Puebloans

| La Junta Indians

* Jumanos

Apache

* Querecho Indians

Pueblo Indians

* Acoma Pueblo
* Zuni people

Uto-Aztecan

* Hopi

| Stalemate

* Spaniards loss some soldiers and couldn't did great demands to the Indigenous peoples in the zone, but success to stablish some settlements in the region.

Viltipoco Rebellion

(1582)

Location: South America (modern Argentine Northwest)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Tucuman Governorate

| Omaguacas | Victory
Conflicts against Pirates in Argentina

(1582–1724)

Location: Modern Argentina

|  Spanish Empire

* Río de la Plata and Paraguay Governorate

|  European Pirates and Corsairs (mostly English, French, Danish and Portuguese)  | Stalemate

Mostly repelled

* The island Martín García remains in Spanish control
* Foundation of Montevideo

1582 Cagayan battles (1582)

Location: Philippines

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Spanish Philippines
* Indian auxiliaries from Mexico (mostly Tlaxcalans)[80]

|  Wokou (Japanese, Chinese, and Korean pirates)  | Victory
Ternate expedition (1582)

Location: Maluku Islands

|  Spain

* Spanish Philippines

|  Sultanate of Ternate | Defeat
Cologne War
(1583–88)

Location: Germany

|  Ernst of Bavaria Prince-Elector, Cologne, 1583–1612
House of Wittelsbach
Free Imperial City of Cologne
Philip of Spain, and for him:
House of Farnese
House of Isenburg-Grenzau
House of Mansfeld (main line)
House of Berlaymont-Flyon
and others |  Gebhard, Truchsess von Waldburg, Prince-Elector, Cologne 1578–1588
House of Neuenahr-Alpen
House of Waldburg
House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken

House of Nassau
House of Solms-Braunfels and others

| Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

* Newfoundland expedition (1585)
* Battle of San Juan de Ulúa
* Battle of São Vicente
* Battle of Cornwall
* Battle of Santo Domingo
* Battle of Cartagena de Indias
* Raid on St. Augustine
* Battle of Pantelleria (1586)
* Singeing the King of Spain's Beard
* Spanish Armada
* Spanish Armada in Ireland
* Watts' West Indies and Virginia expedition
* Blockade of Western Cuba
* Raid on Puerto Caballos
* Action of Faial
* Action of San Mateo Bay
* Capture of Recife
* Raleigh's El Dorado Expedition
* Action off Bermuda
* Battle of Las Palmas
* Capture of Santiago
* Preston–Somers Expedition
* Battle of the Guadalupe Island
* Battle of San Juan
* Battle of Pinos
* Capture of Cádiz
* 2nd Spanish Armada
* 3rd Spanish Armada
* Battle of San Juan
* English Armada
* Raid on Tabasco
* Battle of Flores
* Battle of Flores
* Capture of Portobello
* Battle of Sesimbra Bay
* Battle of Puerto Caballos
* Raid on Santiago de Cuba
* Battle of the Gulf of Cadiz

Location: British Isles, Low Countries, France, Italian Peninsula, Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean and Americas

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands
* Spanish American colonies
* Kingdom of Portugal
* State of Brazil
* Kingdom of Naples
* Duchy of Parma
* Grand Duchy of Tuscany
* Duchy of Savoy
* Duchy of Castro

Order of Saint John

co-belligerent

* French rebels
* Irish rebels

|  Kingdom of England
Ireland
co-belligerent

* United Provinces
* France
* Portuguese rebels

| Indecisive

* Status quo ante bellum
* Treaty of London

War of the Three Henrys (1585–1589)

* Part of French Wars of Religion and Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

Location: France

| Catholics (Henry I, Duke of Guise):

* Catholic League
* Spain
* Duchy of Savoy

| Politiques (Henry III of France):

Kingdom of France

* * *

Protestants (Henry of Navarre):

* Huguenots
* England

| Militar Stalemate

Political Defeat

* House of Bourbon replaces the House of Valois as the Royal House of France.
* Isabella Clara Eugenia claims to the throne in the Estates General of 1593 are rejected by Parlement of Paris.

Sack of Lanzarote (1586)

Location: Canary Islands

|  Spain |  Regency of Algiers | Defeat
Revolt of the Lakans (1587–1588)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish encomenderos

| Tondo polity

* Tagalog maginoos

| Victory

* Tondo dissolved and became a direct territory under the Spanish Empire

War of the Succession of Henry IV of France (1589–1594)

* Part of French Wars of Religion and Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

Location: France and Low Countries

| Catholics:

Catholic League

Spain

* Spanish Netherlands

|  Politiques and Protestants:

Huguenots

England

| Military Inconclusive

* Start of a Franco-Spanish War in 1595 in defense of Catholic resistance remnants.

Political Defeat

* Protestant favorite, Henry IV of France, is recognised as king in most of France after converting to Catholicism, instead of catholic favorite and pro-Spanish, Isabella Clara Eugenia.

Brittany Campaign (1590–1598)

* Part of Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and French Wars of Religion

Location: France (Brittany)

|  Spanish Empire

Catholic League

|  Kingdom of France

Huguenots
Kingdom of England

| Inconclusive

* Spaniards retreated after Peace of Vervins and the claims of succession over the Duchy of Brittany are ignored.

Alterations of Aragon (1591–92)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spanish Crown

* Kingdom of Aragon

| Diputación del General del Reino de Aragón | Victory

* Courts of Tarazona solves Problem of the foreign vice-roy.

Siamese–Cambodian War (1591–1594)[81]

Location: Southeast Asia (modern Cambodia)

|  Kingdom of Cambodia

Supported by:

Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Portugal

|  Ayutthaya Kingdom | Defeat

* Satha I is destroyed by Siam forces. He then sought a Spanish protectorate, starting Cambodian–Spanish War.

Luxemburg campaigns (1593–1595)

* Part of Eighty Years' War and French Wars of Religion

Location: Low Countries (Modern Luxembourg and Belgium)

|  Spain

* Spanish Netherlands

Prince-Bishopric of Liège (1595)[82]

|  Dutch States Army

Duchy of Bouillon

Kingdom of France (1595)

| Victory
Sino-Spanish conflicts

(1593–18th century)

Location: Philippine Sea

|  Spanish Empire

* Philippines

|  Ming China

* Kingdom of Tungning

Supported by:

Chinese in the Philippines[83]

Sultanate of Sulu

| Victory

* Chinese attempts to conquer the islands are cancelled.
* Anti-Spanish revolts from Chinese colonies in the Philippines are defeated.
* Pagan chineses are expelled from the islands after Anti-Chinese paranoia on Spanish governors.

Cambodian–Spanish War
(1593–97)

Location: Southeast Asia (modernCambodia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Philippines
* Mexican recruits
* Kingdom of Portugal

Cambodian allies

Japanese mercenaries

|  Cambodia

Supported by:

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Johor Sultanate (Muslim Malay merchants)

Kingdom of Champa (Muslim Cham merchants)

| Defeat
Long Turkish War (1593–1606)

* includes Bocskai uprising

Location: Eastern Europe (mostly modern Romania)

|  Holy Roman Empire

* Habsburg Monarchy
* Saxony
* Grand Duchy of Tuscany
* Duchy of Ferrara
* Duchy of Mantua
* Duchy of Savoy
* Knights of St. Stephen
* Kingdom of Hungary[84]
* Kingdom of Croatia[84]
* Duchy of Carniola

Principality of Transylvania

Wallachia

Moldavia

France

Spain

* Spanish Netherlands
* Spanish Italy
* Kingdom of Sicily
* Kingdom of Naples

Zaporozhian Cossacks

Serbian hajduks

Papal States

|  Ottoman Empire

* Khanate of Crimea

| Inconclusive

* Peace of Zsitvatorok

Humana and Leyva expedition

(1594–1595)Location: North America (modern New Mexico)

|  Spain

Pueblo Indians

| Apache | Defeat
Irish Nine Years' War
(1594–1603)

* Siege of Kinsale
* Battle of Castlehaven
* Part of Tudor conquest of Ireland and Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

Location: Ireland (island)

|  Alliance of Gaelic Irish clans
Spain
Scottish Gaelic mercenaries |  Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Ireland | Defeat

* Treaty of Mellifont (1603)
* Flight of the Earls (1607)

Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)

* Battle of Fontaine-Française
* Siege of Le Catelet
* Siege of Doullens
* Siege of Calais
* Siege of Amiens
* Part of French Wars of Religion and Eighty Years' War

Location: France and Low Countries

|  Spanish Empire

* County of Burgundy

|  Kingdom of France
Huguenots
Kingdom of England

Dutch Republic

| Defeat

* Peace of Vervins

Conquest of New Mexico

(1598–1606)

Location: North America (Great Plains)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

Indian auxiliaries

| Pueblo Indians

* Acoma Pueblo

Hopi Zuni Apache Wichita people Escanjaque

* * *

Spanish slavers and mutineers  | Victory
Acoma War
(1598–99)

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Acoma | Victory
Destruction of the Seven Cities

(1598–1600)

* Part of Arauco War

Location: Southern Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Chile

| Mapuche people

Huilliche people

| Defeat

* Spaniards are expelled of the region, being Biobío River the new frontier between Spanish Empire and Araucan indigenous domains.

Spanish-Portuguese conflict on China (1598–1600)

Location: China

|  Spanish Empire

* El Piñal
* Captaincy General of the Philippines

|  Portuguese Empire

* Macau
* Portuguese India

| Defeat

* End of Spain's attempts to circumvent the restrictions placed on them from reaching China.
* Portuguese monopoly on the 16th century China trade seizured.

Franco-Savoyard War (1600–1601)

Location: Northern Italy

|  Duchy of SavoySupported by: Spain |  France | Stalemate

* Treaty of Lyon: Marquisate of Saluzzo goes to Savoy in exchange for territorial cessions in the Alps, blocking the Spanish Road.

Apache–Mexico Wars (1600–1915)

* Part of Mexican Indian Wars and American Indian Wars

Location: North America

|  Crown of Castile
(1600–1716)
Spain
(1716–1821)

* * *

Mexico
(1821–1915)

* * *

United States
(1850–1924)

* * *

Confederate States (1861–1865)  | Apache | Spanish/Mexican victory
Navajo Wars
(1600–1866)

* Part of American Indian Wars

Location: North America

|  Crown of Castile
(1600–1716)
Spain
(1716–1821)
Mexico
(1821–1848)
United States
(1849–1866)  | Navajo | United States victory

* Navajo moved to reservations and United

Acaxee Rebellion
(1601–1603)

* Part of Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Acaxee Indians  | Victory
Spanish expedition to Florida of 1601

Location: North America, Spanish missions in Georgia

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Florida

| Hostile Indians  | Victory
Igorot revolt (1601)

* part of Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Filipino loyalists (Pangasinan, Kapampangan)

| Igorot people rebel forces

* Bontoc
* Ibaloi
* Ifugao
* Ibilao

| Defeat
Dutch–Portuguese War
(1602–63)

* Recapture of Bahia
* Battle of Abrolhos
* Siege of Salvador
* Action of 12–17 January 1640
* Part of Eighty Years' War

Location: South America (mostly Modern Brazil), Atlantic Ocean, Africa (mostly Modern Angola), Asia (mostly Modern India, China, Indonesia)

|  Kingdom of Portugal

* Brazilian colonial forces
* Portuguese Angola

Supported by:

* Spanish Empire
(until 1640)
Kingdom of Cochin
* Ming China
* Hormuz
* Potiguara Tupis

|  Dutch Republic

* Dutch East Indies
* Dutch West Indies
* Dutch Brazil

Supported by:

* Kingdom of England
(until 1640)
* France (until 1640)
Johor Sultanate
* Ternate
* Ayutthaya
* Kingdom of Kandy
* Sitawaka
* Jaffna
* Kingdom of Kongo
* Kingdom of Ndongo
* Rio Grande Tupis
Nhandui Tarairiu Tribe

| Pirric Victory

* Treaty of Hague
* Formation of the Dutch Empire
* Causes of Portuguese Restoration War against Spain.
* Portuguese-Spanish victory in South America and Africa
* Dutch victory in the east

Battle of L'Escalade

(1602)

Location: Geneva, Switzerland

|  Duchy of Savoy Spanish Empire

* Duchy of Milan

|  Old Swiss Confederacy

* Canton of Geneva

| Defeat

* Savoy fails in their attempt to conquer Geneva, and the Spanish Road is closed in the Western Alps route.

Ternate expedition (1603)

Location: Southeast Asia, Maluku Islands (modern Indonesia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  |
Sangley Rebellion (1603)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Spanish East Indies

Japanese mercenaries

|  Chinese rebels

* Sangley

| Victory
Antarctic Expedition of the Armada del Mar del Sur to the South Seas and Terra Australis (1603)

Location: South America and Antarctic seas

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile

|  Dutch corsairs  | Inconclusive

* First western sightings of Antarctica
* Peruvian presence on Antarctica.

Moroccan civil war (1603–1627)[85][86][87][88][89]

Location: North Africa, Morocco

|  Mohammed esh Sheikh el Mamun and Abdallah al-Ghalib II forces from Fez

Supported by:

* Iberian Union
* Tuscany

|  Zidan Abu Maali forces from Marrakesh

* * *

Sidi al-Ayachi rebel forces

* Republic of Salé independentists[90]

Supported by:

* Kingdom of England
* Dutch Republic
* France
* Morisco

* * *

Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli rebel forces[91]

* anti-Saadi Marabouts

| Military Defeat

* Death of Mohammed esh Sheikh el Mamun.
* Independence of morisco Republic of Salé and minor emirates (Illigh, Alawi, Zawiya Dila'iya, etc.).
* Conflict ceases with Mohammed esh-Sheikh es-Seghir reign.

Economical Victory

* Moroccan Cession of Larache and Mehdya to Spain.[92]
* Zaydani Library is placed in possession of Spaniards and moved to El Escorial.[clarify]

Spanish-Barbary Wars (1605–1792)

* Battle of Hammamet
* Raid on La Goulette (1609)
* Raid on La Goulette (1612)
* Raid on La Goulette (1615)
* Raid on La Goulette (1617)
* Sack of Lanzarote
* Battle of Chios (1621)
* Battle of Palermo (1624)
* Battle of the Gulf of Tunis
* Battle of the Dalmatian Coast
* Action of 3 October 1624
* Battle of Larache (1631)
* Battle of Maâmora (1631)
* Siege of Larache (1655)
* Siege of Larache (1657)
* Siege of Larache (1666)
* Siege of Oran and Mers el-Kébir (1675–1678)
* Siege of Maâmora (1681)
* Siege of Larache (1689)
* Sieges of Ceuta (1694–1727)
* Siege of the Peñón de Vélez (1702)
* Siege of Oran (1707–1708)
* Spanish conquest of Oran (1732)
* Action of 28 November 1751
* Battle of Cape Palos (1758)
* Siege of Melilla (1774–1775)
* Invasion of Algiers (1775)
* Bombardment of Algiers (1783)
* Bombardment of Algiers (1784)
* Siege of Ceuta (1790–1791)
* Algerian reconquest of Oran and Mers el-Kébir (1790–1792)

Location: North Africa (Barbary Coast)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Italy

Supported by:

Papal States

Kingdom of France

Knights Hospitaller Kingdom of Sicily

Tuscany

Kingdom of Portugal

| Barbary Coast

* Regency of Algiers
* Regency of Tunis
* Sultanate of Morocco
* Republic of Salé

Supported by:

Ottoman Empire

Barbary pirates

Great Britain

| Stalemate and mostly Status quo ante bellum
Devastations of Osorio (1605–1606)

Location: Hispaniola

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo

|  Pirates  | Defeat

* Pirate settlements aren't dismantled.

Spanish conquest of Ternate and Jailolo (1606–1611)

* Spanish conquest of the Moluccas

Location: Southeast Asia, Maluku Islands (modern Indonesia)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Spanish East Indies
* Filipino loyalists (Boholanos)
* Sultanate of Tidore

Japanese mercenaries

|  Sultanate of Ternate

* Jailolo Sultanate

Moro people

Dutch Empire

* Dutch East India Company

| Victory

* Sultan Saidi Berkat captured by Pedro Bravo de Acuña and exiled to Manila.
* Mole Majimu took over or received back a number of territories previously held by Ternate, such as parts of Makian, Mayu island, and a section of Morotai.
* Start of Spanish-Ternatean conflicts until the 1660s, through Mudafar Syah I proclamation of Sultan of Ternate with Dutch recognition.
* The island was divided between the two powers: the Spaniards were allied with Tidore and the Dutch with their Ternaten allies. Spanish colonization until 1663.

Japanese insurrection in Philippines (1606)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  Japanese in the Philippines | Inconclusive
War of the Jülich Succession
(1609–1614)

* Siege of Aachen

Location: Germany

| 1610:
Supporting Emperor Rudolf:
Holy Roman Empire
Principality of Strasbourg
Prince-Bishopric of Liège

1613–1614:
Supporting Wolfgang William:
Spain
Palatinate-Neuburg
Catholic League

| 1610:
Opposed to Emperor Rudolph:
Margraviate of Brandenburg
Palatinate-Neuburg
United Provinces
Kingdom of France
England
Protestant Union

1613–1614:
Supporting John Sigismund:
Margraviate of Brandenburg
United Provinces
England
Protestant Union

| Victory

* Treaty of Xanten
* Cleves-Mark and Ravensberg to John Sigismund.[93]
* Jülich-Berg and Ravenstein to Wolfgang William.[93]
* Wesel under Spanish control.[94]

Spanish-Ottoman War (1610–1614)[76]

* Battle of Cape Corvo
* Rebellion of Osarto Justiniano (1611)[95][96]

Location: Mediterranean Sea and Balkans (near modern Turkey and Greece)

|  Spain

* Spanish Italy
* Kingdom of Sicily

Greek and Albanian rebels

|  Ottoman Empire

* Egypt Eyalet
* Regency of Tunis
* Ottoman Greece
* Ottoman Albania

| Spanish victory
Arganda Revolt

(1613)Location: Arganda del Rey

|  Spain

* Duke of Lerma

| Mutiners of Arganda del Rey village  | Inconclusive
War of the Montferrat Succession (1613–1617)

* Spanish-Savoian War (1615–1617)[76]

Location: Italian Peninsula

| Supporting the Duke of Mantua:

Duchy of Mantua

Montferrat

Tuscany (1613)

Spanish Empire

France (1613–14)

Holy Roman Empire

Kingdom of Naples

Genoa

| Supporting the Duke of Savoy:

Duchy of Savoy

Montferrat

Tuscany (1613)

France (1615–17)

Venice

| Victory

Peace of Asti

Dutch-Ternatean invasions of Spanish Tindore (1613–1614)

Location: Molucca Sea, Maluku Islands (Modern Indonesia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies
* Sultanate of Tidore

|  Dutch Empire

* Dutch East India Company
* Sultanate of Ternate
* Sultanate of Bacan

| Victory

* Dutch presence on Tidore Island ended in 1621.

Conquest of La Mamora
(1614)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

|  Spain  |  Saadi dynasty | Victory
Slaying of the Spaniards

(1615)

* Part of Basque Whalin in Iceland

Location: Iceland, Westfjords

|  Spain  |  Denmark–Norway

* Norwegian Iceland

| Defeat
Uskok War (1615–1617)

Location: Adriatic Sea (near modern Croatia)

|  Kingdom of Croatia

Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples

Holy Roman Empire

|  Republic of Venice

United Provinces
England

| Victory

* Treaty of Madrid (1617)
* Many Uskok pirates executed or exiled
* Start of Spanish-Venetian War (1617–1621)

Battle of Cape Celidonia (1616)

Location: Mediterranean Sea (near modern Turkey)

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory
Raid on Constantinople (1616)

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Bosporus and Egypt

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples

|  Ottoman Empire | Victory
Spanish-Venetian War (1617–1621)[76][97]

* Battle of Ragusa
* Battle of Gibraltar (1618)
* part of Venetian-Habsburg conflicts

Location: Adriatic Sea (near modern Croatia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples

|  Republic of Venice

Supported by:

United Provinces

Ottoman Empire

| Inconclusive due to Conspiracy of Venice.
Tepehuán Revolt
(1616–1620)

* Part of Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Tepehuánes | Victory
Spanish conquest of Petén
(1618–1697)

Location: Central America

|  Spain  | Independent Maya, including:

* Itza people
* Kowoj people
* Kejache people
* Yalain people
* Lakandon Chʼol people
* Manche Ch'ol people

| Victory

* Incorporation of the Petén Basin into the Captaincy General of Guatemala.

Spanish–Ottoman War (1618–1619)[76]

* Attack on Sousse (1619)Location: Mediterranean Sea

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Naples
* Kingdom of Sicily

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Knights Hospitaller

Papal States

|  Ottoman Empire

* Tunisia

| Inconclusive
Thirty Years' War
(1618–48)

* Bohemian Revolt
* Battle of White Mountain
* Spanish conquest of the Palatinate
* Siege of Bad Kreuznach
* Capture of Oppenheim
* Capture of Bacharach
* Battle of Wimpfen
* Battle of Höchst
* Siege of Heidelberg
* Capture of Mannheim
* Siege of Frankenthal
* Siege of Rheinfelden
* Battle of Nördlingen
* Part of Eighty Years' War and Religious wars in Europe

Location: All Europe: Central Europe (modern Czech Republic, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Hungary), Eastern Europe (modern Romania), Italian Peninsula, Low Countries, France, Scandinavia, Iberian Peninsula, English Channel, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean Sea. Also the Americas

| Catholic/Imperials

1618–1625
Holy Roman Empire Electorate of Bavaria
Catholic League
Spanish Empire

Kingdom of Hungary
Saxony
1625–1629
Holy Roman Empire
Catholic League
1630–1635
Holy Roman Empire
Catholic League

Kingdom of Hungary
Spanish Empire
1635–1648
Holy Roman Empire
Spanish Empire

Kingdom of Hungary

Supported by:

* Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
* Papal States

| Protestant/Anti-Habsburg

1618–1625
Bohemia
Electorate of the Palatinate
Transylvania
United Provinces
England
Ottoman Empire
1625–1629
Denmark–Norway
United Provinces
England
1630–1635
Sweden
Saxony
Brandenburg-Prussia
1635–1648
France
Sweden

Transylvania

Supported by:

* Tsardom of Russia
* Republic of Venice
* Savoy

| Defeat

* Peace of Westphalia and Peace of Münster

Bündner Wirren

(1618–1639)

* Part of Thirty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Switzerland (Grisons)

|  Grison rebels

Holy Roman Empire

* Archduchy of Austria

Spain

* Duchy of Milan

|  The Three Leagues

France

Venice

Savoy

| Stalemate

* Capitulation of Milan
* The subjugated territories were returned to the Three Leagues after expelling the French, but with restrictions on the sovereign rights of the leagues (the Three Leagues effectively became a protectorate of Austria and Spain).
* The Spanish representative in the Duchy of Milan was granted a right of supervision over the administration of Graubünden and a right of protection over Catholic subjects. Spain also received permission to recruit mercenaries and the right to use roads and mountain passes. These should remain closed to all enemies of Spain

Valtellina War
(1620–26)

* Part of Thirty Years' War and Bündner Wirren

Location: Switzerland and Northern Italy

|  Papal States
Holy Roman Empire

* Archduchy of Austria

Spain

* Duchy of Milan

Republic of Genoa

|  The Three Leagues

France
Venice
Savoy

| Defeat

* Treaty of Monzón
* France prevents Habsburg total control of Valtellina by soliciting the Papal troops to occupy Valtellina
* The territory was "definitively" ceded to the Grisons in 1639 with the only condition that the practice of the Catholic religion be respected in this valley.

Tamblot Uprising (1621)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Filipino loyalists

| Pagans forces (mostly Boholanos) lidered by the babaylan Tamblot | Victory

* Repression against Filipino shamans.

Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz[98](1622)

* Part of Safavid–Portuguese conflicts

Location: West Asia, Strait of Hormuz

|  Iberian Union

* Council of Portugal

Kingdom of Ormus

|  Safavid Persia

East India Company

| Defeat
War of the Vicuñas and Basques

(1622–1625)

Location: South America (modern Bolivia)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Basques

| "Vicuñas"

* non-Basque elite (Castillians, Andalusians, Extremadurans, Criollos, Mestizos and Indigenous)

| Victory of the Government
Sacalum Rebellion

(1624)

Location: Mesoamerica

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Yucatán

| Maya peoples | Victory
Spanish-Siam War (1624–1636)[99][100][101]Location: Southeast Asia (modern Thailand)  |  Iberian Union

* Spanish East Indies
* Council of Portugal
* Macau
* Goa
* Malacca

|  Siam

Dutch East India Company

| Defeat

* Dutch hegemony on Southeast Asia.

First Genoese–Savoyard War
(1625)

* Part of Thirty Years' War

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Spain
Republic of Genoa |  Kingdom of France
Duchy of Savoy | Victory

* France surrenders its claims on Savoy and withdraws its troops from the Piedmont and the Republic of Genoa, stipulated by the Treaty of Monzón[102][103]
* Reconquest of some territories in the French Riviera by the combined forces of Spain and the Republic of Genoa[104]

Anglo-Spanish War (1625–30)

* Part of Thirty Years' War

Location: Low Countries, Atlantic Ocean (English Channel), Americas (Spanish Main) and Iberian Peninsula

|  Spain |  England
United Provinces | Victory[105]

* Treaty of Madrid
* Spain seeks and signs peace treaty with England in light of imminent war with France
* Treaty of Madrid, similar to previous Anglo-Spanish treaty although somewhat less strict regarding trade

Spanish expedition to Formosa
(1626)

Location: Modern Taiwan

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

| Kingdom of Middag | Victory

* Spanish establishment in Formosa until Dutch conquest in 1642.

3rd Huguenot rebellion

(1627–29)

* Siege of La Rochelle
* Part of Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630) and Anglo-French War (1627–1629)Location: France

|  France Spain |  Huguenots

England

| Victory

* Peace of Alès

War of the Mantuan Succession
(1628–31)

* Battle of Veillane
* Part of Thirty Years' War

Location: Italian Peninsula

| Supporting the Duke of Guastalla:

* Holy Roman Empire
* Spain
* Duchy of Savoy

| Supporting the Duke of Nevers:

* France
* Republic of Venice

| Defeat

* Duke of Nevers recognized as ruler of Mantua

Polish-Spanish joint fleet operations in the North

(1628–32)[106][107][108]

* Part of Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629), Dutch–Portuguese War and Thirty Years' War/Eighty Years' War

Location: North and Baltic Sea, North European Plain

|  Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Iberian/Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands
* Kingdom of Portugal

Supported by:

Holy Roman Empire

Catholic League

|  Sweden

Denmark–Norway
United Provinces

England

Supported by:

Kingdom of Scotland
Protestant German States

* Stralsund
* Hanseatic League

| Defeat

* Both powers are incapable to avoid the Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War or defy the policy of Dominium maris baltici from Nordic Powers and Hanseatic League, being unable to challenge their naval dominance in the Baltic Sea.
* Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy is destroyed by Danish forces. Also House of Vasa's plans to invade Sweden (to re-catholicize them and restore Polish–Swedish union) with Habsburg help are cancelled.
* Spanish Habsburg plans over the Baltics (attempts to gain fiefs on Imperial occupied Götaland, Jutland or Pomerania for the Council of Flanders) are cancelled. Also proposals to develop a Hanseatic-Iberian Company are rejected. Spain ceases to be a dominant power in the remote Baltic Sea region, strengthening the Dutch and English power.
* Habsburg plans to develop a pro-Imperial and Catholic Navy in Northern Germany are cancelled after conflicts with Albrecht von Wallenstein.

Motim das Maçarocas

(1629)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Iberian Union

* Council of Portugal

|  Portuguese independentists  | Victory
Jolo expedition (1630)

* Part of Spanish–Moro conflictLocation: Jolo, Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  Sultanate of Sulu | Defeat
Republic of Salé Internal conflicts (1630–1668)[90][109][110][111][112][113][114]Location: North Africa  |  Morisco/Andalusians party

Supported by:

* Spain
* Ottoman Algiers
* Zawiya Dila'iya

* * *

Saadi Sultanate |  Republic of Salé

* Hornacheros elite party

Supported by:

* England
* Dutch Republic

* * *

Alawi | Stalemate

* Sidi al-Ayachi (pro-Hornacheros Divan) dies after Morisco rebellion, but Al Walid ben Zidan fails to reconquer Republic of Salé for Saadi Morocco.
* Dila'iya establish a sphere of influence for a short time during reign of Mohammed al-Hajj ibn Mohammed al-Dila'i.
* Al-Rashid of Morocco conquers from Dila'iya the Salé territory. Then annex it for Alawi Morocco.
* Spain fails to make a Protectorate over a Morisco controlled Republic of Salé.

Salt Tax Revolt

(1631–34)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Portugal)

|  Spain  | Biscayan rebels  | Victory
Naval war on Lake Constance

(1632–1648)

* Part of Thirty Years' War

Location: Lake Constance

|  Holy Roman Empire

* Austria
* Bavaria

Spanish Empire

* Milan

* * *

Old Swiss Confederacy

* Catholic Cantons

|  Württemberg

Sweden

France

* * *

Old Swiss Confederacy

* Protestant Cantons

| Stalemate
War of Ten Years

(1634–1644)

* Part of Thirty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Franche-Comté

|  Spanish Empire

* County of Burgundy

Holy Roman Empire

* Duchy of Lorraine
* Electorate of Bavaria

|  France
Saxony
Sweden | Statu quo ante bellum

* Spain maintains the control of the Franche-Comté, but the region was devastated and in economic ruin.

Franco-Spanish War (1635–59)

* Battle of Les Avins
* Crossing of the Somme
* Battle of Tornavento
* Siege of Saint-Omer
* Siege of Fuenterrabía
* Battle of Getaria
* Relief of Thionville
* Siege of Salses
* Battle of Cádiz
* Battle of La Marfée
* Battle of Honnecourt
* Battle of Rocroi
* Battle of Orbetello
* Battle of Lens
* Action of 23 November 1650
* Battle of Bordeaux
* Capture of Fort Rocher
* Battle of Arras
* Battle of Valenciennes
* Siege of Dunkirk
* Battle of the Dunes
* Part of Thirty Years' War and Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Catalonia), Pyrenees, Italian Peninsula, Northern France, Rhineland, Low Countries, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands
* Spanish Italy
* New Spain

Modena and Reggio (1635–46)

Holy Roman Empire (until 1648)

English Royalists (from 1657)[115]

|  France
Dutch Republic (until 1648)
Duchy of Savoy
Duchy of Modena (1647–1649 and 1655–1659)
Duchy of Parma (1635–1637)
Commonwealth of England (1654–59)
Principality of Catalonia (from 1640)

Kingdom of Portugal (1640–59)

| Defeat

* Treaty of the Pyrenees

Capture of Tortuga

(1635)

Location: Caribbean

|  Spanish Empire |  France England | Victory
Manuelinho Revolt

(1637)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Portugal)

|  Iberian Union

* Council of Portugal

|  Portuguese independentists  | Victory
Sack of Calpe (1637)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Valencia)

|  Spain  | Algerian Barbary pirates | Defeat
Spanish campaigns in Lanao (1637–1639)

* Spanish occupation of Jolo

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  Confederate States of Lanao

Supported by:

Dutch Empire

| Defeat

* Failure of the conquest and Christianize the Maranao people

2nd Sangley Rebellion (1639)

* Part of Sino-Spanish conflicts and Philippine revolts against Spain

Location: Philippines, Luzon

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Philippines

Sultanate of Sulu

* Jolo

Japanese in the Philippines

|  Chinese rebels

* Sangley

| Victory
Piedmontese Civil War
(1639–42)

* Siege of Turin
* Part of Thirty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Spain
Prince Thomas faction  |  France
Regency faction  | Stalemate
Christianshavn Incident

(1640)

Location: Canary Islands

|  Spanish Empire |  Denmark-Norway | Victory
Catalan Revolt
(1640–59)

* Battle of Cambrils
* Battle of Montjuïc
* Naval Battle of Tarragona
* Battle of Tarragona
* Battle of Montmeló
* Siege of Perpignan
* Battle of Barcelona
* Battle of Lerida
* Siege of Lleida
* Siege of Barcelona
* Part of Thirty Years' War, Crisis of 1640 and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Catalonia) and Pyrenees

|  Spain  |  Principality of Catalonia
France | Victory

* Revolt crushed
* Treaty of the Pyrenees
* County of Roussillon and the northern half of Cerdanya ceded to France

Portuguese Restoration War
(1640–68)

* Siege of São Filipe
* Battle of Montijo
* Battle of Vilanova
* Siege of Badajoz
* Battle of the Lines of Elvas
* Siege of Arronches
* Battle of Ameixial
* Siege of Évora
* Battle of Castelo Rodrigo
* Battle of Montes Claros
* Battle of the Berlenga
* Part of Thirty Years' War, Crisis of 1640 and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Castile and Aragon |  Kingdom of Portugal
Supported by:
France
(1641–59)[116]
Kingdom of England
(after 1662)[117] | Defeat

* Treaty of Lisbon
* Charles of Spain recognizes the sovereignty of the House of Braganza over Portugal and its colonial possessions[118]
* Portugal cedes Ceuta to Castile

Andalusian alterations

(1647–52)

* Córdoba hunger riot (1652)
* Part of Crisis of 1640

|  Spain

* Four Kingdoms of Andalusia

| Peasant rebels  | Stalemate

* The king, aware of the situation, helps the city by buying wheat to make it cheaper and amnestying all the mutineers.

Neapolitan Revolt
(1647–48)

* Part of Thirty Years' War, Crisis of 1640 and Franco-Spanish War

Location: Italian Peninsula

|  Spain  | Neapolitan Republic
France | Victory

* Revolt crushed

The Fronde (1648–1653)

* Part of The General Crisis and Franco-Spanish War

Location: France

* Parlements (1648–1649)
* Princes of the Blood (1650–1653)

Parti Dévot

Spanish Empire[119]

|  Kingdom of France | Defeat

* Revolt suppressed and instauration of Absolutism in France.

Wreckage of Kattan

(1649)

* part of Swedish expedition to New Sweden (1649)

Location:[Caribbean

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico

* * *

Pirates  |  Swedish Empire | Victory
Communera rebellion of Paraguay (1649–1650)

Location: South America, Río de la Plata (modern Paraguay)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of the Río de la Plata

| Paraguayan comunero rebels  | Victory
Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60)

* Siege of Santo Domingo
* Invasion of Jamaica
* Raid on Málaga
* Battle of Cádiz
* Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
* Battle of Ocho Rios
* Battle of Rio Nuevo
* Henry Morgan's raid on Puerto del Príncipe
* Henry Morgan's raid on Porto Bello
* Henry Morgan's raid on Lake Maracaibo
* Henry Morgan's Panama expedition
* Part of the Franco-Spanish War and British Interregnum

Location: Low Countries, Iberian Peninsula, Atlantic Ocean and Americas (Spanish Main)

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Spanish Venezuela
* Peru
* New Kingdom of Granada

Royalists of England, Ireland and Scotland[120]

|  Commonwealth of England France (1657–59) | Defeat

* Treaties of Madrid (1667 and 1670)
* Acquisition of Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Dunkirk and Mardyck by the Commonwealth of England

VOC-Tidore war (1653–1654)

Location: Modern Indonesia

| Sultanate of Tidore

Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  Dutch East India Company | Inconclusive
Mapuche uprising of 1655 (1655–1656)

* Part of Arauco War

Location: Southern Chile (Araucanía Region)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile

| Mapuche rebels  | Defeat

* Beginning of a ten-year period of warfare between the Spanish and the Mapuche, led by Mestizo Alejo.
* Start a civil war among the Spanish due to the deposition of Acuña from Royal Governor of Chile.

Tehuantepec Rebellion

(1660–61)Location: Mexico

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

|  Cabildo de Indios under Zapotec peoples

* Huaves
* Zoques
* Mixes

| Victory

* Indigenous and Spaniards are reconciled by the publication of a Real cédula against forced labors
* Leaders of the rebellion are executed by the oidor Juan Francisco de Montemayor Cordoba and Cuenca.

Chinese piracy incursions and rebellions to the Philippines (1662–63)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

|  Koxinga's Chinese-Japanese pirate forces  | Inconclusive

* Koxinga's forces raided effectively several towns in the Philippines, but demanded tribute from the colonial government never accomplished and threatened invasion cancelled due to his death.
* Spanish forces withdrawal from Spanish Formosa, Tidore, south Ternate, Mindanao. Then, permanently abandon their colony in the Maluku Islands and their fortress on Zamboanga, being an important factor in the Spanish failure to conquer the Muslim Moro people

Raid of Tangier

(1662)

Location: North Africa

| Khadir Ghaïlan forces

Supported by:

Crown of Spain

Saadi Morocco

|  Portuguese Empire

* Portuguese Tangier

Supported by:

Kingdom of England

| Stalemate

* Start of English occupation of Tangier.

Sack of Campeche (1663)

Location: Mexico

|  Spain

* New Spain

|  Kingdom of England | Defeat
Piracy attacks on Lake Nicaragua

(1665–1857)

Location: Central America

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Guatemala

* * *

Nicaragua

Costa Rica

El Salvador

Guatemala

|  West Indies Pirates

American Filibusters

| Stalemate

* Piracy and filibustering suppressed by 1857

Piracy attack on Maracaibo

(1666)

Location: Lake Maracaibo (Modern Venezuela)

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

|  French pirates  | Defeat
War of Devolution
(1667–68)

* Part of Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Low Countries

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands

* * *

Triple Alliance:
Dutch Republic
Kingdom of England
Swedish Empire |  France | Defeat

* Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668)
* France gains Armentières, Bergues, Charleroi, Kortrijk, Douai, Veurne, Lille, Oudenaarde and Tournai

Revolts of the Angelets

(1667–1675)Location: Roussillon

|  Northern Catalonia's peasants

Supported by:

Spain

* Principality of Catalonia

|  France

* Conseil souverain de Roussillon

| Defeat

* Consolidation of French hegemony in the Eastern Pyrenees.

English expedition to Valdivia

(1670) Location: Southern Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile

|  Kingdom of England | Victory
Spanish–Chamorro Wars
(1670–99)

Location: Micronesia, Mariana Islands (Modern Guam and Northern Mariana Islands)

|  Spanish Empire

* Chamorro loyalists

| Chamorros | Victory
Franco-Dutch War
(1672–78)

* Siege of Maastricht
* Siege of Bonn
* Siege of Besançon
* Battle of Seneffe
* Battle of Stromboli
* Battle of Augusta
* Battle of Palermo
* Siege of Cambrai
* Siege of Ypres
* Battle of Saint-Denis
* Part of Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Western Europe (mostly Low Countries and Rhineland), North Sea, Americas, Caribbean Sea

|  Dutch Republic
Holy Roman Empire (from 1673)

* Electorate of Brandenburg-Prussia
* Lorraine

Spain (from 1673)

* Spanish Netherlands

Denmark–Norway (from 1675)

England (1678)

|  France
Sweden (from 1674)
England (1672–74)
Bishopric of Münster (1672–1673)
Archbishopric of Cologne (1672–1673) | Defeat

* Treaty of Nijmegen: France gains Franche-Comté
* Treaty of Westminster

Second Genoese–Savoyard War
(1672–73)

Location: Northern Italy

|  Republic of Genoa
Supported by:
Spain  |  Duchy of Savoy | Victory

* Status quo ante bellum

Messina revolt

(1672–78)

* Part of Franco-Dutch War

Location: Southern Italy

|  Spanish Empire

* Kingdom of Sicily
* Kingdom of Naples

Republic of Genoa

|  Messina city

Partito dei Malvizzi

France

| Victory
Siege of Orán and Mers el-Kébir

(1675–1678)

* Part of Spanish-Algerian conflicts

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Oran

|  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers

| Inconclussive
Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif Campaigns (1678–1727)[121]

* Conquest of Medhya (1681)
* Siege of Larache (1689)
* Siege of Melilla (1694–1696)
* Sieges of Ceuta (1694–1727)
* Part of Spanish–Moroccan conflicts

Location: North Africa

|  Spanish Empire

* * *

Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers

* * *

Kingdom of England

* English Tangier

|  Sultanate of Morocco | Stalemate
Chepo expedition

(1679)

Location: Central America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Guatemala
* Peru
* New Kingdom of Granada

|  England Piracy | Defeat. Looting and then burning the town of Chepo, Panama.
First occupation of Sacramento Colony

(1680)

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Uruguay)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Río de la Plata Governorate
* Tucuman Governorate
* Paraguay Governorate
* Jesuit missions among the Guaraní

|  Portuguese Empire

* Colonial Brazil
* Colonia del Sacramento

| Militar Victory

Political defeat

* Spain temporary give back the territory to Portugal in the Lisbon Provisional Treaty of 1681. Then the Treaty of Lisbon (1701) makes it an absolute cession.
* José de Garro is punished by his actions against luso-Brazilians.

Pueblo Revolt
(1680)

* Part of Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Puebloans | Defeat

* Expulsion of Spanish settlers

Combat of San Marcos de Arica (1681)

Location: Modern Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile

|  England Piracy | Victory
Spanish-Brandenburg War (1680–1682)

* Action of 30 September 1681

Location: Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, Caribbean Sea)

|  Spanish Empire |  Brandenburg-Prussia

Supported by:
Denmark–Norway

| Victory
Great Turkish War
(1683–1699)

Location: Central Europe and Eastern Europe

|  Holy Roman Empire

* Habsburg monarchy
* Bavaria
* Franconia
* Saxony
* Swabia
* Duchy of Styria
* Royal Hungary
* Kingdom of Croatia
* Duchy of Mantua

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Tsardom of Russia

* Cossack Hetmanate

Republic of Venice
Spanish Empire
Montenegro
Albanian rebels
Serbian rebels
Greek rebels
Bulgarian rebels
Romanian rebels
Croatian rebels

|  Ottoman Empire

Vassal states:

* Crimean Khanate
* Shamkhalate of Tarki[122]
* Upper Hungary (1683–5)
* Moldavia
* Wallachia
* Transylvania

| Victory

* Treaty of Karlowitz
* Ottoman decline in Europe
* The Habsburg monarchy wins lands in Hungary, the Principality of Transylvania and the Balkans.
* Poland-Lithuania captures Podolia.
* Russia captures the port of Azov.
* Venice captures Morea and inner Dalmatia.
* Montenegro gains de facto independence.

War of the Reunions
(1683–1684)

* Part of Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Western Europe (Mostly Low Countries)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Netherlands

Holy Roman Empire
Republic of Genoa

|  France | Defeat

* Truce of Ratisbon
* Spain cedes Luxembourg to France
* Holy Roman Empire cedes Strasbourg to France

Raid on Charles Town

(1684)

Location: The Bahamas

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Cuba

|  England

* English West Indies

| Victory
Revolt of the Barretinas (1687–1689)

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spain

* Kingdom of Aragon

| Peasant rebels of Catalonia | Spanish Crown victory.
Nine Years' War
(1688–97)

* Battle of Walcourt
* Battle of Fleurus
* Battle of Staffarda
* Battle of Sabana Real
* Siege of Mons
* Siege of Cuneo
* Siege of Namur
* Battle of Marsaglia
* Raid on Cartagena de Indias (1697)
* Part of Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Western Europe, British Isles, Americas, West Africa and India

| Grand Alliance:

* Dutch Republic
* England
* New England
* Holy Roman Empire
* Spain
* Spanish Netherlands
* Viceroyalty of Peru
* New Kingdom of Granada
* Piedmont-Savoy
* Sweden (until 1691)
* Scotland

|  France

* New France

Wabanaki Confederacy

Irish and Scottish Jacobites

| Indecisive

* Treaty of Ryswick
* Louis XIV recognizes William III of Orange as King of England, Scotland and Ireland
* France retains Alsace (including Strasbourg) and surrenders Freiburg, Breisach and Philippsburg to the Holy Roman Empire, regains Pondicherry (after paying the Dutch a sum of 16,000 pagodas) and Nova Scotia
* Spain recovered Catalonia from France, and the barrier fortresses of Mons, Luxembourg and Kortrijk
* The Duchy of Lorraine was restored to Leopold Joseph from France
* Spain officially ceded the western third of Hispaniola to France, establishing the Saint-Domingue colony on modern Haiti.

Second Brotherhood

(1693) Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  Spain

* Kingdom of Valencia

| agermanats (peasant rebel forces)  | Victory
Siege of Oran (1693)

* Part of Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Oran

Regency of Algiers

|  Sultanate of Morocco | Algerian-Spanish victory
Sieges of Ceuta (1694–1727)

Location: North Africa

|  Spain
Bourbons (1704–1713) |  Morocco
Supported by:
England (from 1707)  | Victory
Arena Massacre

(1699)

* Part of Social unrest in Trinidad and TobagoLocation: Trinidad

|  Spanish Empire

Catholic amerindians

| Amerindian rebels  | Pirric Victory
Darien scheme

(1699–1700)Location: Panama

|  Spanish Empire

* New Kingdom of Granada

|  Kingdom of Scotland

* Company of Scotland

| Victory

* Failed attempt of Scottish colonization of the Americas, which were expelled of "New Caledonia".

## Bourbon Spain

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results  | Casualties

|
|
|
|

War of the Spanish Succession
(1701–14)

* Part of Wars of Louis XIV

Location: Western Europe, Central Europe, Americas, West Africa, East Indies and India

|  Kingdom of France

* New France
* French East India Company

Spain loyal to Philip

* Crown of Castile
* Kingdom of Naples
* Kingdom of Sicily
* New Spain
* Peru

Bavaria (until 1704)

Duchy of Mantua (until 1708)

Cologne (until 1702)

Liège (until 1702)

co-belligerent:[123]

* Kuruc (Kingdom of Hungary)
* Principality of Transylvania

|  Holy Roman Empire:

* Austria
* Prussia (from 1702)
* Hanover

Great Britain (formed in 1707)[124]

* England (until 1707)
* Scotland (until 1707)
* British America
* British East India Company

Dutch Republic

Duchy of Savoy (after 1703)

Kingdom of Portugal (from 1703)

* State of Brazil

Spain loyal to Charles

* Crown of Aragon
* Spanish Netherlands

Danish Auxiliary Corps

co-belligerent:[123]

* Hungarian Royalists
* Kingdom of Croatia

| Political victory for Spain loyal to Philip
Military victory for Spain loyal to Charles

* Treaty of Utrecht (1713)
* Treaty of Rastatt (1714)
* Treaty of Baden (1714)
* Philip is recognised as King of Spain, but once more renounces any claim to the throne of France.
* Spain and Britain sign the Asiento
* Spain cedes the Spanish Netherlands, Kingdom of Naples, Duchy of Milan and Sardinia to the Habsburg monarchy, Sicily to the Duchy of Savoy and Gibraltar and Menorca to Britain
* France recognizes British sovereignty over Rupert's Land and Newfoundland and cedes Acadia and its half of Saint Kitts to Great Britain.
* The Dutch Republic retains various forts in the Southern Netherlands and annexes a part of Spanish Guelders.
* Spain cedes the Colony of Sacramento to the Portuguese Empire
* Catalan constitutions are abolished due to the Nueva Planta decrees as a punishment for the War of the Catalans.

Queen Anne's War
(1702–1713)

* Battle of Flint River[125]
* Siege of St. Augustine
* Apalachee massacre
* Lefebvre's Charles Town expedition
* Siege of Pensacola
* Part of War of the Spanish Succession

Location: North America

|  France

* New France

Spain

* New Spain

Wabanaki Confederacy
Caughnawaga Mohawk
Choctaw
Timucua
Apalachee
Natchez

|  England (before 1707)[126]

* English America

Great Britain (after 1707)[126]

* British America

Muscogee (Creek)
Chickasaw
Yamasee

* Iroquois Confederacy

| Defeat

* France cedes control of Acadia,
Newfoundland, Hudson Bay
and Saint Kitts to Britain.

Protests and rebellions of the 18th century in the Viceroyalty of Peru

(1700s)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru

| Rebellions of peruleros  | Pyrrhic victory of the Viceroyalty authorities.

* Partial reforms are given to appease the rebels, as well as severe punishments for repeat offender leaders, to prevent future insurrections among the local population.
* Multiple social groups, dissatisfied with the Bourbon Reforms, would continue to rebel under the motto of "Long live the King, death to the bad government" for an improvement of the Spanish state in its compliance with the colonial pact between subject and monarch, longing for the previous "fueros" and local autonomies of the traditional Monarchy of the House of Austria against the thriving Bourbon Absolutism.
* First notions of anti-colonial political independence in the most radical groups, usually influenced by the Spanish-American Enlightenment.

Battle of the Yi

(1702)

Location: South America, Yí River (Modern Uruguay)

|  Spanish Empire

* Río de la Plata Governorate

Guaraní Tribes

|  Charrúa Tribes | Stalemate

* 300 Charrúas died during the negotiations
* Decisive weakening of the Charrúa forces

Second occupation of Sacramento Colony

(1705)

* Part of the War of the Spanish Succession

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Uruguay)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Río de la Plata Governorate

|  Portuguese Empire

* Colonial Brazil

| Victory

* Spaniards occupied Colonia del Sacramento until 1715.

Comanche Wars
(1700s–1870s)

* Part of the Texas–Indian wars

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire (until 1820)

* * *

Mexico (since 1821)

* * *

Republic of Texas (since 1836)

* * *

Choctaw Republic[127]

* * *

United States (since 1845)  | Comanche

Other Indigenous nations

| Defeat  |
Apache Wars
(1700s)

* Part of Mexican Indian Wars

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

| Apache | Defeat  |
Siege of Oran (1707–1708)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish Oran

|  Regency of Algiers

* Beylik of Mascara

| Defeat

* Algerians conquers Oran.

Pablo Presbere's insurrection (1709–1710)

* Part of Mexican Indian War and Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: Central America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Guatemala

| Talamanca

Teribe Cabécare

| Victory  |
Huilliche rebellion
(1712)

Location: South America

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of Chiloé

| Huilliches of Chiloé  | Victory

* Key encomenderos killed
* Suppression of the rebellion
* Encomienda mildened

Tzeltal Rebellion of 1712 (1712–1713)

* Part of Mexican Indian Wars and Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: Central America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Guatemala

| Maya communities  | Victory  |
Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War
(1714–18)

Location: Peloponnese, Aegean Sea, Ionian Islands, Dalmatia

|  Republic of Venice
Austria (from 1716)
Portugal
Order of Malta
Papal States
Spain[128]
Himariotes |  Ottoman Empire | Defeat

* Treaty of Passarowitz
* Morea ceded back to Ottoman Empire

Spanish-French anti-piracy expedition in the Pacific

(1716–28) Location: South Pacific (Cape Horn to Panama)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru

Kingdom of France (until 1720)

|  Pirates from England, Netherlands and France  | Victory of the Armada del Mar del Sur.  |
War of the Quadruple Alliance
(1718–20)

* Spanish conquest of Sardinia
* Battle of Cape Passaro
* Battle of Milazzo
* Capture of Eilean Donan Castle
* Battle of Glen Shiel
* Battle of Francavilla
* Capture of Pensacola
* Capture of Vigo
* Battle of Cape St. Vincent
* Battle of Nassau
* Villasur expedition

Location: Western Europe, Americas

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Spanish Florida
* Spanish Texas

Jacobites

|  Great Britain

* British West Indies

France

* New France

Holy Roman Empire

* Austria
* Viceroyalty of Naples
* Viceroyalty of Sardignia

Dutch Republic
Savoy

* Viceroyalty of Sicily

| Defeat

* Treaty of The Hague: Spain renounces claims to its former Italian possessions.

Savoy and Austria swap Sicily for Habsburgs and Sardinia for Savoy.

| 4,350 killed or wounded[129]
Jacobite rising of 1719

* Part of Jacobite risings and War of the Quadruple Alliance

Location: Scotland

|  Jacobites

Spain

|  Great Britain
Dutch Republic | Defeat  |
Revolt of the Comuneros (Paraguay) (1721–25/1730–35)

Location: South America (Paraguay)

|  Spanish Empire

* Peru
* Río de la Plata
* Paraguay
* Jesuit Province

| Paraguayan comunero rebels  | Victory

* Paraguayans lose their right to vote for their Cabildo.

Mapuche uprising of 1723

* Part of Arauco War

Location: South America (Araucanía, Chile)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru

| Mapuche rebels  | Victory

* Parliament of Negrete (1726)

Anglo-Spanish War (1727–29)

* Blockade of Porto Bello
* Siege of Gibraltar
* Action of 11 March 1727
* English Channel Campaign

Location: Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean, Mediterranean Sea, English Channel)

|  Spain  |  Great Britain | Indecisive

* Treaty of Seville (1729)

| 20,000 killed (both sides)[130]
Spanish-Algerian War
(1732)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Spain  |  Ottoman Empire

* Regency of Algiers
* Beylik of Oran

| Victory

* Spanish reconquest of Oran
* Spanish reconquest of Mers-el-Kébir

| 30 dead
Swedish invasion of the Esequibo

(1732–37)

Location: South America, Esequibo

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

|  Swedish Empire | Victory

* Swedes are expelled by Carlos Francisco Francois Sucre y Pardo (grandfather of Venezuelan independence leader Antonio José de Sucre).

War of the Polish Succession
(1733–38)

* Bourbon conquest of Two Sicilies
* Battle of Bitonto
* Siege of Gaeta
* Siege of Capua

Location: Italian Peninsula, Rhineland, Poland-Lithuania

|  Poland loyal to Stanisław I

France
Spain
Sardinia
Duchy of Parma

|  Poland loyal to Augustus III

Russian Empire
Habsburg Empire of Austria
Saxony
Kingdom of Prussia

| Victory

* Treaty of Vienna
* Augustus III ascends the throne of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
* Bourbon territorial gains. Both Naples and Sicily were conquered by the Spanish Bourbons. France guaranteed Lorraine following death of Stanisław Leszczyński.
* The Spanish infant, Charles VII of Sicily, founds the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.

| 3,000 killed or wounded[131]
Rebellion of the Pericúes

(1734)Location: Mexico

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Spanish missions in Baja California

Indian auxiliaries

| Pericúes

Cochimíes

| Defeat

* Spaniards retreat from the region until 1737, then stablish Presidios.

Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–37)

Location: South America, Río de la Plata Basin (Banda Oriental)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of the Río de la Plata

|  Portuguese Empire

* State of Brazil

| Defeat  |
War of Jenkins' Ear
(1739–48)

* Spanish Alarm
* Battle of Porto Bello (1739)
* Siege of Fort Mose
* Siege of St. Augustine (1740)
* George Anson's voyage around the world
* Attacks on Fuerteventura in 1740
* Action of 8 April 1740
* Battle of Cartagena de Indias
* Invasion of Cuba
* Action of 14 June 1742
* Invasion of Georgia
* Battle of Bloody Marsh
* Battle of Gully Hole Creek
* Battle of La Guaira
* Battle of Puerto Cabello
* Battle of Toulon
* Voyage of the Glorioso
* Action of 18 March 1748
* Battle of Santiago de Cuba
* Battle of Havana
* Part of War of the Austrian Succession

Location: Americas, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean (mostly Caribbean and Mediterranean Sea)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Cuba
* Florida
* New Granada
* Venezuela Province

|  Great Britain

* British America

| Victory

* Status quo ante bellum
* British offensive in the Caribbean theatre defeated
* British invasion of Florida repulsed
* Spanish invasion of Georgia repulsed
* Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) leading to Treaty of Madrid (1750)
* The British suffer 20,000 casualties and lose 407 ships (1739–1741)[132]

War of the Austrian Succession
(1740–48)

* Italian Theater
* Battle of Campo Santo
* Battle of Toulon
* Battle of Villafranca
* Battle of Velletri
* Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo
* Battle of Bassignano
* Battle of Piacenza
* Battle of Rottofreddo
* Siege of Genoa

Location: Western Europe, Americas, Atlantic Ocean (mostly Caribbean, Mediterranean Sea and North Sea), Pacific Ocean and India

|  France

* New France

Wabanaki Confederacy

Prussia
Spain
Bavaria (1741–45)
Saxony (1741–42)
Sicily and Naples
Republic of Genoa (1745–48)
Sweden (1741–43)
Savoy-Sardinia (1741–42)

|  Habsburg Monarchy
Great Britain

* British America

Iroquois Confederacy
Hanover
Dutch Republic
Saxony (1743–45)
Savoy-Sardinia (1742–48)
Russia (1741–43, 1748)

| Victory

* Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
* Maria Theresa retains the Austrian throne
* Prussian control of Silesia confirmed
* Duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla restored to the Spanish Bourbons

| 3,000 killed or wounded[133]
Juan Santos Rebellion (1742–1752)

Location: Peru

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Peru

| Juan Santos Atahualpa rebel group

* Asháninka

| Defeat

* Spanish missionaries expelled from the Yungas of Peru

Dagohoy rebellion (1744–1829)

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Philippines

|  Dagohoy rebel group

* Boholano people

| Victory

* Pardoned 19,420 survivors and permitted them to live in new villages at the lowlands

Great Gypsy Round-up

(1749)Location: Spain

|  Spain  |  Gitanos | Defeat

* The raid against Gypsi people fails to do a total Cultural genocide, most of the gitanos are released shortly after.

Pima Revolt
(1751)

* Part of Mexican indian war and Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain (Spanish Arizona)

| Pima Indians | Victory  |
Action of 28 November 1751
(1751)

Location: North Africa

|  Spain  |  Regency of Algiers | Victory  |
Guaraní War (1754–56)

Location: South America, Misiones Orientales ( Paraguay-Brazil-Argentina borders)

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of the Río de la Plata

Portuguese Empire

* State of Brazil

|  Guaraní Tribes

Jesuits

* Jesuit missions among the Guaraní

| Spanish-Portuguese victory.

* Ratification of the Exchange Treaty.
* Declaration of the border between Spain and Portugal in South America
* Treaty of El Pardo.
* Total abandonment of the eastern missions by the Guarani (Transfer of the Guarani out of the territories ceded to Portugal.).
* Subsequent Expulsion of the Jesuits from Portugal in 1759 and then of the Expulsion of the Jesuits from Spanish Empire of 1767.

Mutiny of the Ceclavineros

(1755)

Location: Spain

|  Spain  | Ceclavín | Defeat

* Ceclavine smugglers continue with their activities

Seven Years' War
(1756–63)

* Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762)

Location: Europe, Americas, West Africa, India, Southeast Asia.

* France
* Holy Roman Empire
* Austria
* Russia (until 1762)
* Spanish Empire (from 1762)
* Sweden (1757–62)
* Saxony
* Mughal Empire (from 1757)

* Great Britain
* Prussia
* Hanover
* Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
* Iroquois Confederacy
* Portugal (from 1762)
* Hesse-Kassel
* Schaumburg-Lippe

| Defeat

* Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)
* Treaty of Hamburg (1762)
* Treaty of Paris (1763)
* Treaty of Hubertusburg (1763)
* Status quo ante bellum in Europe
* Transfer of colonial possessions between Great Britain, France, and Spain after French-Indian war.

| 3,000 killed or wounded[134]
Cisteil Rebellion

(1761)Location: Mesoamerica

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Yucatán

| Maya peoples | Victory  |
Anglo-Spanish War (1762–63)

* Battle for the Río San Juan de Nicaragua
* Battle of Havana
* Action of 31 May 1762
* Spanish invasion of Portugal
* Battle of Valencia de Alcántara
* Battle of Manila
* Battle of Vila Velha
* Action of 30 October 1762
* Battle of Marvão

Location: Iberian Peninsula, North America (Florida and French Louisiana), Central America, South America (Río de la Plata), Caribbean (Cuba), East Indies (Philippines)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Viceroyalty of Peru

France

* French West Indies
* New France
* Abenaki nation

|  Great Britain

* British America
* Iroquois Confederacy

Portugal
Filipino rebels

| Defeat

* Spain cedes Florida to Britain in exchange for return of Havana.
* Spain received Louisiana from France.

Silang Revolt

(1762–1763)

* Guagua Revolt
* Part of Seven Years' War and British occupation of Manila

Location: Philippines

|  Spanish Empire

* Filipino loyalist

|  Diego Silang and Gabriela Silang rebel forces

Supported by:

* Great Britain
* Chinese rebels

| Victory  |
Fantastic War (1762–63)

* First Cevallos expedition
* Mojeño War
* Anglo-Portuguese invasion of the Río de la Plata (1763)

Location: Iberian Peninsula and South America (Río de la Plata and Amazon Forest)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Viceroyalty of New Granada

France

|  Portuguese Empire

* State of Brazil

Great Britain

| Stalemate

* Spanish victory on River Plate. In present-day Uruguay, Spanish captured Colónia do Sacramento and advanced into Rio Grande do Sul.
* The thesis of the Portuguese Empire prevailed that the Guaporé river should serve as a border between the two Empires in the Amazon Jungle on present-day Bolivia.
* The Portuguese conquered most of the valley of Rio Negro, expelling the Spaniards from S. Gabriel and S. josé de Maribatanas.

Quito Revolt of 1765

Location: South America (modern Ecuador)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of New Granada

| Quito rebels  | Victory  |
Esquilache Riots

(1766)

Location: Spain

|  Spain | Madrid revolters  | Compromise

* The King accept popular demands

Mapuche uprising of 1766 (1766)

* Part of Arauco War

Location: Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile

Mapuche allies

* * *

Pehuenche | Mapuche rebels  | Defeat  |
Louisiana Rebellion (1768)

Location: North America

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Louisiana

|  Louisiana Creole people | Victory  |
Guajira Rebellion

(1769-1776)

Location: Venezuela

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

| Guajiros

Taironas Caribes

| Indecisive  |
Communera Revolution of Paraguay (1770)

Location: South America, Paraguay

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Río de la Plata

| Paraguayan comunero rebels  | Victory  |
Capture of Port Egmont

(1770)

Location: Atlantic Ocean, Falkland Islands

|  Spanish Empire

* Río de la Plata

|  Great Britain | Victory

* Start of Falklands Crisis of 1770.

Spanish expeditions to Tahiti

(1772–75 )[135][136]

Location: Pacific Ocean, Polynesia

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru

Allied Christianized Tahitians

| Pagan Tahitians

* * *

Spanish and Peruvian mutineers  | Victory, but withdrawal due to anti-clerical policies of Charles III and economical problems in Peru to support the stability of the catholic missions.  |
Mutiny of the Barcelona quintas (1773)

Location: Spain, Catalonia

|  Spain

* Captain General of Catalonia

| Diputación de Cataluña | Stalemate

* Victory of the Absolutist monarchy and failure to restore the Fueros of the Generalitat and Catalan constitutions
* Partial victory of the rebels in the deposition of the captain general and to avoid the quintas in Barcelona

Siege of Melilla (1774)

Location: North Africa

|  Spain  |  Morocco
Supported by:
Great Britain | Victory  | 600
Spanish expeditions against Algiers
(1775, 1783, 1784)

* Bombardment of Algiers (1783)
* Bombardment of Algiers (1784)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

* Spain
* Kingdom of Naples
* Tuscany
* Hospitaller Malta
* Two Sicilies
* Portugal

|  Regency of Algiers | Defeat  | 500 dead (1775)
26 dead (1783)
53 dead (1784)
Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–77)

* Second Ceballos Expedition

Location: South America, Río de la Plata Basin

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

|  Portuguese Empire

* Brazilian colonial forces

| Victory

* First Treaty of San Ildefonso
* Portugal remains neutral during the American Revolutionary War

Spanish expedition to Fernando Poo and Annobón

(1778–80)
Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

| Bubi people loyal to Portuguese rule

* * *

Spanish mutineers of Jerónimo Martín

* * *

Great Britain | Defeat

* The rebels apprehend the highest authority (Lieutenant Colonel Primo de Rivera), passing command to the second in command, Sergeant Martín. The new chief evacuated the colony, directing the survivors to São Tomé, where he was captured by the Portuguese who restored the Ten. Cor. Primo de Rivera in his position.
* The Spanish city of Concepción is razed by the native Africans.
* Due to the adversity of the climate, the tropical diseases that decimated the soldiers, the hostility of the nearby British fleet and the fear of an attack by the Bubi population. The Spanish leave the colony after taking possession in the name of Carlos III of Spain of the Territories of the Gulf of Guinea.
* Later British occupation of Fernando Poo since 1827 to 1843

American Revolutionary War (1775–1782)

* Spain and the American Revolutionary War
* Western theater of the American Revolutionary War
* Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War
* Gulf Coast campaign
* Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War
* Anglo-French War (1778–1783)

Location: North America, Central America, Atlantic Ocean

|  United States

Spain (since 1779)

* New Spain
* Louisiana

France (since 1778)

* Canadian Auxiliaries

Iroquois

* Oneida
* Tuscarora

Watauga Association

Catawba

Lenape

Choctaw

* * *

Dutch Republic

* * *

Mysore |  Great Britain

* Loyalists of Thirteen Colonies
* British Canada

Iroquois

* Onondaga
* Cayuga
* Seneca

Cherokee German Auxiliaries

| Victory

* Treaty of Paris (1783)
* Britain recognizes the independence of the United States of America and the Thirteen Colonies.

Anglo-Spanish War (1779–83)

* Part of the American Revolutionary War

Europe & Atlantic

* Armada of 1779
* Great Siege of Gibraltar
* Action of 14 September 1779
* Action of 11 November 1779
* Action of 20 November 1779
* Action of 8 January 1780
* Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)
* Action of 9 August 1780
* Action of 25 February 1781
* Action of 1 May 1781
* Invasion of Minorca (1781)
* Action of 16 March 1782
* Battle of Cape Spartel

Louisiana and the Gulf Coast

* Spanish conquest of West Florida
* Battle of St. Louis
* Siege of Pensacola
* Battle of Arkansas Post

Central America

* Capture of Río Hondo
* Capture of Cayo Cocina
* Battle of San Fernando de Omoa
* Action of 12 December 1779
* San Juan Expedition (1780)
* Battle of Roatán
* Battle of the Black River

West Indies

* Action of 15 January 1782
* Capture of the Bahamas (1782)
* Action of 17 February 1783
* Capture of the Bahamas (1783)

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Captaincy General of Guatemala
* Captaincy General of Cuba
* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
* Viceroyalty of New Granada

|  Great Britain

* British West Indies

| Victory

* Peace of Paris
* East Florida, West Florida, the Mosquito Coast, Campeche, the San Andrés archipelago and Menorca recovered by Spain; The Bahamas, the island of Grenada, and Montserrat captured by Spain but returned to Britain.
* Spanish empire achieves its maximum territorial expansion.

| 5,000 killed or died of disease
Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II
(1780–83)

* Oruro Rebellion
* Part of Protests and rebellions of the eighteenth century in the Viceroyalty of Peru

Location: South America, Andes (Modern Peru and Bolivia)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Peruvian Royalists
* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
* Real Audiencia of Charcas

|  Túpac Amaru II forces

* Aymara and Quechua rebels
* Spanish rebels, mostly peasants, including creoles, mestizos and blacks

| Victory  | 100,000 Indians and 10,000–40,000 non-Indians[137][138]
Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada)

(1781)

Location: South America, Colombia

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of New Granada

| Comunero rebels of New Granada | Victory  |
Insurrection of the comuneros of Venezuela (1781)

Location: South America, Venezuela

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of New Granada

| Comunero rebels of Captaincy General of Venezuela | Victory  |
Cherokee–American wars [2nd phase post-revolution][139]

(1783–1795)

* Part of American Indian Wars

Location: North America (United States, Old Southwest)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain
* Louisiana

Cherokee

Co-belligerent:

Northwestern Confederacy[140]

|  United States | Spanish withdrawal due to Coalition Wars.

Defeat of Cherokees

* Treaty of Tellico

Nootka Crisis (1789–1790)

* Part of Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest and Russo-Spanish Rivalry in the Pacific

Location: North America, Nootka Sound (modern Canada)

|  Spanish Empire

* New Spain

|  Great Britain

* British North America (The Canadas)

* * *

Nuu-chah-nulth people

* * *

Russian Empire

* Russian Alaska

* * *

United States  | Defeat

* Nootka Convention

Hispano-Moroccan War (1790–1791)

* Siege of Ceuta (1790–1791)
* Bombardment of Tangier (1791)

Location: North Africa

|  Spain  |  Sultanate of Morocco | Victory  |
Haitian Revolution
(1791–1804)

* Battle of Saint-Raphaël
* Battle of Gonaïves
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Caribbean, Hispaniola

| 1791–1793
Ex-slaves
French royalists
Spanish Empire (from 1793)

* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo

1793–1798
French royalists
Great Britain
Spanish Empire (until 1795)

* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo

1798–1801
Louverture Loyalists
1802–1804
Ex-slaves
United Kingdom

| 1791–1793
Slave owners
Kingdom of France (until 1792)
French Republic
1793–1798
French Republic

* Ex-slaves

1798–1801
Rigaud Loyalists
French Republic

* Polish Legions

| Defeat  |
Huilliche uprising of 1792

Location: Chile

|  Spanish Empire

* Governorate of Chiloé

| Huilliche people of Futahuillimapu | Victory

* Parliament of Las Canoas

Algerian conquest of Oran (1792)

Location: North Africa (Algeria)

|  Spanish Empire

* Spanish Oran

|  Regency of Algiers | Defeat

* Spain cedes Oran to Algiers in exchange of economical privileges.

War of the First Coalition
(1792–97)

* Mediterranean campaign of 1793–1796
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars and French Revolution

Location: Europe, Mediterranean Sea

* Kingdom of France (until 1792)
* French First Republic (from 1792)
* Spain (from 1796)
* Batavian Republic (from 1795)
* Sister republic
Polish Legions (from 1797)

| First Coalition:

Holy Roman Empire

* Habsburg monarchy
* Prussia (until 1795)

Great Britain
Army of Condé
Spain (until 1795)
Dutch Republic (until 1795)
Portugal
Sardinia (until 1796)
Naples
Other Italian states

| Victory

* Peace of Basel, Treaty of Campo Formio
* Establishment and survival of the French First Republic
* French annexation of the Austrian Netherlands, the Left Bank of the Rhine and other smaller territories
* Several French "sister republics" established
* Hostilities resume in 1798 with the formation of a Second Coalition against France

War of the Pyrenees
(1793–95)

* Battle of Mas Deu
* Capture of San Pietro and Sant'Antioco
* Siege of Bellegarde
* Battle of Perpignan
* Battle of Peyrestortes
* Battle of Truillas
* Battle of Collioure
* Capture of Fort-Dauphin
* Battle of Sans Culotte Camp
* Battle of Boulou
* Siege of Collioure
* Battle of the Baztan Valley
* Battle of San Lorenzo de la Muga
* Battle of Orbaitzeta
* Battle of the Black Mountain
* Siege of Roses
* Action of 14 February 1795
* Battle of Bascara
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Pyrenees, Hispaniola

|  Spain

* Santo Domingo

Portugal
French Émigrés

|  France

* Saint-Domingue

| Defeat

* Peace of Basel
* The Spanish give up the colony of Santo Domingo in exchange for recovering the lost peninsular territories
* Second Treaty of San Ildefonso

French expedition to Sardinia (1792–1793)

* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Mediterranean Sea, Sardinia

|  Sardinia

Spain (since 1793)

|  France | Spanish-Sardinian victory  |
Federalist revolts

(1793)

* Siege of Toulon (1793)
* Part of French Revolution and French Revolutionary Wars

Location: France

|  Fédéralistes

French Royalists

* Vendeans
* Chouans

* * *

Great Britain
Kingdom of Spain
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily
Kingdom of Sardinia |  France

* Convention montagnarde

| Defeat  |
East Indies theatre of the French Revolutionary Wars (1793–1801)

* Raid on Manila
* Macau Incident (1799)
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Asia–Pacific

|  French Republic

* French India

Spanish Empire

* Spanish East Indies

Batavian Republic

* Dutch East Indies

|  Great Britain

* British East India Company

Portugal

Coalition forces

| Defeat  |
Insurrection of Negros de Coro

(1795)

Location: Venezuela

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

| Slaves and Maroons | Victory  |
1796 Boca de Nigua slave revolt

Location: Hispaniola

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo

| Slaves  | Victory  |
Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808)

* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Atlantic

* Action of 25 January 1797
* Battle of Cape St Vincent
* Action of 26 April 1797
* Assault on Cádiz
* Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
* Action of 16 October 1799
* Action of 6–7 April 1800
* Ferrol Expedition
* Action of 5 October 1804
* Action of 25 November 1804
* Action of 7 December 1804
* Battle of Cape Finisterre
* Battle of Trafalgar
* Action of 4 April 1808

Mediterranean

* Action of 13 October 1796
* Action of 19 December 1796
* Capture of Minorca
* Action of 15 July 1798
* Action of 19 January 1799
* Action of 6 February 1799
* Action of 7 July 1799
* Action of 10 December 1800
* Action of 6 May 1801
* Algeciras campaign

Americas

* Newfoundland expedition
* Invasion of Trinidad
* Battle of San Juan
* Battle of St. George's Caye
* Cutting out of the Hermione
* Battle of Diamond Rock
* British invasions of the Río de la Plata
* Action of 23 August 1806

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
* Viceroyalty of New Granada
* Captaincy General of Venezuela
* Viceroyalty of New Spain
* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico

France

|  Great Britain

* British America
* British Honduras
* Cape Colony

| Inconclusive

* Treaty of Amiens (1802)
* Belligerence resumed in May 1804
* Cessation of hostilities and de facto Anglo-Spanish alliance upon outbreak of the Peninsular War (1808)
* Trinidad ceded to Britain (1802)
* Menorca returned to Spain (1802)

| 7,000 killed or wounded (1796–1802)[131]
Gual and España conspiracy

(1797)

Location: Venezuela

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

| Independentists  | Victory  |
War of the Second Coalition
(1798–1802)

* Mediterranean campaign of 1798
* Algeciras campaign
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Europe, Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean), Middle East

|  France
Spain
Polish Legions
Denmark–Norway
French client republics:

* Batavian Republic
* Helvetic Republic
* Cisalpine Republic
* Roman Republic (until 1799)
* Parthenopaean Republic (1799)

| Second Coalition:

Holy Roman Empire

* Austria

Great Britain (until 1801)
United Kingdom (from 1801)
Russia (until 1801)[141]

* Septinsular Republic

Portugal
Naples

* Sanfedismo

Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Order of Saint John (1798)
Malta (1798–1800)
Ottoman Empire
French Royalists

* * *

United States
(Quasi-War) (until 1800)

| Victory

* Treaty of Lunéville, Treaty of Amiens
* Survival of the French Republic
* Previous annexations by France confirmed
* Hostilities resume in 1803 between France and Great Britain; Third Coalition later formed against France

Spanish-Russian War (1799–1801)

* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: North Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

|  Spain  |  Russia | Inconclusive

* Treaty of Paris (1801)

| 0
Battle of Puerto Plata Harbor

(1800)

* Part of Quasi-WarLocation: Hispaniola

|  France

* Saint-Domingue

Spain

* Santo Domingo

|  United States  | Defeat  |
War of the Oranges
(1801)

* Portuguese conquest of the Eastern Missions
* Part of French Revolutionary Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula (mostly Portugal) and South America (mostly Brazil and Río de la Plata)

|  France

* French Guiana

Spain

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

|  Portugal

* State of Brazil

| Victory

* Treaty of Badajoz
* Question of Olivença
* Portuguese territory returned, except Olivenza, and border territories, which remained in Spanish possession
* France territorial guarantees in Trinidad, Port Mahon (Menorca) and Malta, as well as lands north of Brazil

War of the Third Coalition
(1803–06)

* Trafalgar campaign
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Europe, Mediterranean Sea and West Indies

|  French Empire

* Etruria
* Batavian Republic
* Napoleonic Italy

Spain
Electorate of Bavaria
Württemberg

| Third Coalition:

Holy Roman Empire
Russian Empire
United Kingdom
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily
Sweden
French counter-revolutionaries
French royalists

| Victory

* Treaty of Pressburg
* Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire
* Creation of the Confederation of the Rhine
* Hostilities resume few months later with the formation of a Fourth Coalition against France

Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810

* Battle of Diamond Rock
* Battle of Palo Hincado
* Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Caribbean

|  United Kingdom

* British America

Portugal

* State of Brazil

Spain (since 1808)

* Santo Domingo
* Cuba
* Puerto Rico

|  French Empire

* French Antilles

Spain (until 1808)

* Santo Domingo
* Cuba
* Puerto Rico

Batavian Republic

* Dutch West Indies

Denmark–Norway (since 1808)

* Danish West Indies

| Coalition Victory

* West Indies were in total control of British and Spanish naval forces.

Franco-Swedish War (1805–10)

* Siege of Stralsund (1807)
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Northern Europe

|  French Empire

Holland

Denmark–Norway (1808–1809)

Spain (until 1808)

* Division of the North

Russian Empire (since 1808)

|  Sweden

* Swedish Pomerania

United Kingdom

Prussia

Austria

Saxony

Russian Empire (until 1807)

| Spanish retreat of the conflict due to Peninsular War.

* Evacuation of La Romana's division

French victory

* Treaty of Paris (1810)

War of the Fourth Coalition
(1806–07)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Europe

|  French Empire

* Spanish Empire
* Confederation of the Rhine
* Bavaria
* Württemberg
* Saxony
(after 11 December 1806)
* Italy
* Naples
* Etruria
* Holland
* Switzerland
* Polish Legions

| Fourth Coalition:

* Prussia
* Russian Empire
* United Kingdom
* Saxony
(until 11 December 1806)
* Sweden
* Sicily

| Victory

* Treaties of Tilsit
* Prussia loses half of its territory
* Creation of the Duchy of Warsaw
* Saxony joins the Confederation of the Rhine
* Franco-Russian alliance
* Creation of the Continental System
* Hostilities resume later in 1807 with the commencement of the Peninsular War and expanded in 1809 with the formation of a Fifth Coalition against France

British invasions of the River Plate (1806–1807)

* 1st Battle of Buenos Aires
* Battle of Perdriel
* Battle of Cardal
* Battle of Montevideo (1807)
* Battle of Colonia del Sacramento (1807)
* Action of 2 June 1807
* Battle of San Pedro (1807)
* Battle of Miserere
* 2nd Battle of Buenos Aires
* Part of Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808) and Napoleonic Wars

Location: Río de la Plata Basin (Modern Argentina and Uruguay)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
* Buenos Aires Intendency
* Montevideo Government

|  United Kingdom

* Cape Colony

| Spanish-Rioplatense Victory  |
Invasion of Portugal (1807)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Iberian Peninsula

|  French Empire
Spain  |  Portugal | Victory

* Franco-Spanish occupation of Portugal
* Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil
* Start of French occupation of Spain

English Wars (Scandinavia) (1807–1814)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars and Gunboat War

Location: Northern Europe

|  Denmark–Norway

Supported by:

* French Empire
* Spain (until 1808)

|  United Kingdom Supported by:

* Sweden

| Spanish retreat of the conflict after Evacuation of La Romana's division. Start of "Huéscar-Danish War".

Anglo-Swedish Victory

Tumult of Aranjuez

(1808)

Location: Spain

|  Spanish Government (Manuel Godoy)  |  Rebels led by Ferdinand VII | Defeat

* Fall of Godoy and abdication of Charles IV of Spain.
* French intervention on Spain.

Peninsular War
(1808–14)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars
* Battle of Évora
* Dos de Mayo Uprising
* Combat of El Bruch
* Battle of Alcolea Bridge
* Battle of Cabezón
* Battle of Gerona
* Evacuation of the La Romana Division
* First Siege of Zaragoza
* Second Siege of Gerona
* Battle of Medina de Rioseco
* Battle of Valencia
* Capture of the Rosily Squadron
* Battle of Bailén
* Battle of Valmaseda
* Battle of Burgos
* Siege of Roses
* Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros
* Battle of Tudela
* Battle of Somosierra
* Battle of Cardadeu
* Battle of Molins de Rey
* Second Siege of Zaragoza
* Battle of Castellón
* Battle of Mansilla
* Battle of Villafranca
* Battle of Puente Sanpayo
* Battle of Uclés
* Battle of Miajadas
* Battle of Los Yébenes
* Battle of Ciudad Real
* Battle of Medellín
* Battle of Talavera
* Battle of Arzobispo
* Battle of Almonacid
* Battle of Puerto de Baños
* Battle of Tamames
* Battle of Ocaña
* Battle of Carpio
* Battle of Alba de Tormes
* Siege of Cádiz
* Battle of Valls
* Third Siege of Gerona
* Battle of Alcañiz
* Battle of María
* Battle of Belchite
* Battle of Mollet
* Battle of Vich
* Battle of Manresa
* Siege of Lérida
* Siege of Mequinenza
* Battle of La Bisbal
* Siege of Tortosa
* Battle of Pla
* Siege of Tarragona (1811)
* Battle of Montserrat
* Siege of Figueras
* Battle of Cervera
* Battle of Saguntum
* Siege of Valencia
* Battle of Altafulla
* Battle of Castalla (1812)
* Battle of Castalla
* Siege of Tarragona (1813)
* Siege of Astorga
* Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo
* Siege of Cádiz
* Battle of Fuengirola
* Battle of Baza
* Battle of Barrosa
* Battle of Zújar
* Battle of Bornos (1811)
* Battle of Bornos (1812)
* Battle of the Gebora
* Battle of Albuera
* Battle of Usagre
* Battle of Arlabán (1811)
* Battle of Cogorderos
* Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos
* Siege of Tarifa
* Battle of Arlabán (1812)
* Battle of Salamanca
* Siege of Burgos
* Battle of Tordesillas
* Battle of San Millan-Osma
* Battle of Vitoria
* Battle of Tolosa
* Battle of the Pyrenees
* Battle of Sorauren
* Battle of San Marcial
* Battle of the Bidassoa
* Siege of Pamplona
* Battle of Nivelle
* Battle of the Nive
* Battle of Garris
* Battle of Toulouse
* Battle of Bayonne

Location: Iberian Peninsula, Southern France

|  Bourbon Spain

* Cortes of Cádiz

United Kingdom
Portugal

|  French Empire
Bonapartist Spain

* Afrancesado

Duchy of Warsaw

Kingdom of Italy

Kingdom of Naples

Confederation of the Rhine

Swiss Confederation

| Victory

* Treaty of Valençay
* Treaty of Paris

| 300,000 military deaths
200,000 civilian deaths[142]
Conjuration of the Mantuanos

(1808)

Location: Venezuela

|  Supreme Central Junta

* Captaincy General of Venezuela

|  Mantuanos (autonomists or separatist)

Supported by:

United Kingdom

* * *

Bonapartists | Victory  |
Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
(1808–09)

* Battle of Palo Hincado
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Caribbean, Hispaniola

|  Spain
United Kingdom |  French Empire | Victory  |
War of the Fifth Coalition
(1809)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Europe, Atlantic Ocean

| Fifth Coalition:

* Austria
* Hungary
* Tyrol
* United Kingdom
* Spain
* Sicily
* Sardinia
* Black Brunswickers

|  France

* Confederation of the Rhine
* Bavaria
* Saxony
* Württemberg
* Westphalia
* Italy
* Polish Legions
* Naples
* Switzerland
* Holland

| Defeat

* Treaty of Schönbrunn
* Franco-Austrian Alliance
* Napoleon marries Marie Louise of Austria
* Hostilities in the Peninsular War maintained
* General hostilities across Europe resume in 1812 with the French Invasion of Russia and expand in 1813 with the formation of a Sixth Coalition against France

Bolivian War of Independence
(1809–25)

* Battle of Cotagaita
* Battle of Suipacha
* Battle of Huaqui
* Battle of Pequereque
* Battle of Vilcapugio
* Action of Tambo Nuevo
* Battle of Ayohuma
* Battle of Sipe-Sipe
* Battle of la Tablada de Tolomosa
* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Bolivia, Southern Peru, Argentine Northwest)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
* Real Audiencia of Charcas
* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Peruvian Royalists
* Royalists

|  United Provinces of the River Plate
Republiquetas

Republic of Peru (since 1821)

Gran Colombia (since 1824)

| Defeat

* Independence of Bolivia and instauration of Criollo nationalism.

Ecuadorian War of Independence
(1809–22)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Ecuador)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of New Granada
* Real Audiencia of Quito
* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Governorate of Guayaquil
* Peruvian Royalists
* Royalists

| Independentist Armies

* Government Junta of Quito
* Free Province of Guayaquil

Gran Colombia

Republic of Peru

| Defeat

* Independence of Ecuador from Spain

Mexican War of Independence
(1810–21)

* Battle of Monte de las Cruces
* Battle of Calderón Bridge
* Battle of Puerto de Piñones
* Battle of Zacatecas
* Battle of El Veladero
* Battle of El Maguey
* Battle of Llanos de Santa Juana
* Battle of Zitácuaro
* Battle of Tecualoya
* Battle of Tenancingo
* Siege of Cuautla
* Battle of Izúcar
* Siege of Huajuapan de León
* Battle of Tenango del Valle
* Battle of Escamela
* Battle of Zitlala
* Capture of Orizaba
* Capture of Oaxaca
* Battle of Rosillo Creek
* Siege of Acapulco
* Battle of La Chincúa
* Battle of Alazan Creek
* Battle of Medina
* Battle of Lomas de Santa María
* Battle of Puruarán
* Battle of Temalaca
* Battle of Azcapotzalco
* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: North America (Mexico) and Central America

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Mexican royalists

|  Insurgents
Army of the Three Guarantees (1821)  | Defeat

* First Mexican Empire gains independence from Spain

Argentine War of Independence
(1810–18)

* Battle of Campichuelo
* Battle of Paraguarí
* Battle of San Nicolás
* Battle of Tacuarí
* Battle of Tucumán
* Siege of Montevideo
* Battle of Cerrito
* Battle of San Lorenzo
* Battle of Salta
* Battle of Martín García
* Battle of Buceo
* Battle of Yavi
* Crossing of the Andes
* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Chile)

| Royalists
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
Viceroyalty of Peru

* Peruvian Royalists

| Patriots
United Provinces of the River Plate
Chilean exiles

Supported by:

* United Kingdom[143]

| Defeat

* Argentine victory and emancipation from Spanish colonial rule
* Slavery partially abolished

Chilean War of Independence
(1810–26)

* Battle of Yerbas Buenas
* Battle of San Carlos
* Siege of Chillán
* Battle of El Roble
* First Battle of Talca
* Battle of El Quilo
* Battle of Membrillar
* First Battle of Cancha Rayada
* Battle of Quechereguas
* Battle of Las Tres Acequias
* Battle of Rancagua
* Battle of Chacabuco
* Battle of Curapalihue
* Second Battle of Cancha Rayada
* Battle of Maipú
* Battle of Píleo
* Battle of Tarpellanca
* Capture of Valdivia
* Battle of Agüi
* Battle of El Toro
* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Chile and Neuquén Basin, Argentina), South Pacific

|  Spanish Empire

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Captaincy General of Chile
* Governorate of Chiloé
* Chilean and Chilota royalists
* Peruvian Royalists

Mapuche allies

|  Chile
United Provinces
Mapuche allies

Supported by:

* United Kingdom[143]

| Defeat

* Chilean emancipation from Spanish colonial rule

US Occupation of West Florida

(1810)

Location: West Florida

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish Florida

|  United States | Stalemate  |
Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars and Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America, Banda Oriental (Uruguay)

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

|  United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

* * *

United Provinces | Inconclusive  |
Venezuelan War of Independence
(1811–23)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Venezuela and Colombia), Caribbean Sea

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Viceroyalty of New Granada
* Captaincy General of Venezuela

|  Venezuela
Gran Colombia
New Granada

Haiti
British Legions

| Defeat

* Venezuelan independence

Peruvian War of Independence
(1811–26)

* Callao affair
* Battle of Zepita
* Battle of Junín
* Battle of Ayacucho
* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: South America (Peru, Western Bolivia, Southern Ecuador)

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Real Audiencia of Charcas
* Real Audiencia of Quito
* Peruvian Royalists

| United Liberating Army

* United Army (Argentine-Chilean)
* Gran Colombia
* Republic of Peru
* Peruvian patriots

British Legions (from 1824)

| Defeat

* Peru becomes independent of the Spanish monarchy.
* End of mainland South American war of independence.

Huánuco rebellion
(1812)

* Part of Peruvian War of Independence

Location: South America, Peru

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Peruvian Royalists

|  Huánuco rebels | Victory
Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition

(1812)

* Part of Mexican War of Independence

Location: North America (modern southwestern United States)

|  Spain

* Viceroyalty of New Spain

* Republican Army of the North
* Filibuster

| Victory
French invasion of Russia

(1812)

* Part of the Napoleonic Wars

Location: Eastern Europe

|  French Empire

* Duchy of Warsaw
* Napoleonic Italy
* Naples
* Confederation of the Rhine
* Baden
* Bavaria
* Berg
* Saxony
* Westphalia
* Bonapartist Spain
* Swiss Confederation

Allies:

Austria

Prussia

Denmark–Norway

|  Russian Empire | Defeat

* Destruction of French Allied Army
* Start of the War of the Sixth Coalition

Anglo-American war

(1812–1815)

* Gulf Theater 1813–1815
* Battle of Pensacola
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: North America, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean

|  United Kingdom

* British North America (The Canadas)

Tecumseh's Confederacy
Kingdom of Spain (from 1813)

* Spanish Florida

|  United States
Choctaw Nation

Cherokee Nation

Creek Allies

| Inconclusive

* Treaty of Ghent
* Spain loses West Florida to the United States.

Aponte conspiracy

(1812)

Location: Cuba

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish Cuba

| Slave conspirators  | Victory
War of the Sixth Coalition
(1813–1814)

* Campaign in south-west France (1814)
* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Europe

|  Russia
Prussia
Austria
United Kingdom
Sweden
Spain
Portugal
Sicily
Sardinia |  French Empire

* Napoleonic Italy
* Kingdom of Naples
* Duchy of Warsaw

Denmark–Norway Confederation of the Rhine

* * *

United States
(War of 1812)

| Victory  |
Cuzco Rebellion of 1814 (1814)

* Part of Peruvian War of Independence

Location: South America, Peru

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Viceroyalty of Peru
* Peruvian Royalists

| Government Junta of Cuzco

Supported by:

United Provinces

| Victory  |
Spanish-Russian Skirmishes on California and Alaska[144]

(1814–15)

* Spanish raid on Tarasov's ship (1814)[145][146]
* Part of Russo-Spanish Rivalry in the Pacific

Location: North Pacific Ocean (near Aleutian Islands and Pacific Northwest)Location: North Pacific Ocean (near Aleutian Islands and Pacific Northwest)

|  Spain

* New Spain
* Colonial California

Indian auxiliaries

|  Russian Empire

* Russian-America
* Fort Ross

Aleuts

Kodiaks

* * *

United States

| Victory

* Spaniards capture baidarkas (navys) of the Russian-American Company and expel them from expanding in California.
* Spaniards takes as prisoners the Russians, and its native allies, on the mission of San Pedro and Mission Santa Barbara until 1819. Some of them defected from Russians and stayed in the Spanish missions in California.
* Possible martyrdom of Saint Peter the Aleut.[147][146]

War of the Seventh Coalition
(1815)

* Part of Napoleonic Wars

Location: Western Europe

| Seventh Coalition:

United Kingdom
Prussia
Austrian Empire
Russian Empire
Hanover
Nassau
Brunswick
Sweden
Netherlands
Spain
Portugal
Sardinia
Sicily
Tuscany
Switzerland
French Kingdom

|  French Empire
Kingdom of Naples | Victory

* Second Treaty of Paris
* End of Napoleonic Wars
* Second exile of Napoleon and second Bourbon Restoration
* Beginning of the Concert of Europe

Spanish reconquest of New Granada
(1815–16)

* Part of Colombian War of Independence

Location: South America, (Colombia) and Caribbean Sea

|  Kingdom of Spain |  United Provinces of New Granada | Victory

* Reconquest of New Granada by the Spanish monarchy

Seminole Wars (1817–18)

Location: Florida

| Seminole

* * *

Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish Florida

|  United States | Defeat

* Spain cedes Spanish Florida to the United States in the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819
* The United States forcibly relocates Seminole in northern Florida to a reservation in the center of the peninsula in the Treaty of Moultrie Creek of 1823

Amelia Island affair (1817)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: Florida

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish Florida

United States

|  Republic of the Floridas

Venezuela

| No victor

United States annexation of Florida.

Guerra a muerte (1819–32)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: Chile

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Captaincy General of Chile

Mapuche allies

* Lafkenches
* Wenches
* Pehuenches
* Boroans

|  Chile | Defeat  |
Rebellion of Rafael de Riego (1820)

* part of Revolutions during the 1820s

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain | Liberal Rebels of Rafael del Riego

Supported by:

* United Provinces of the River Plate

| Defeat

* Victory for the Spanish veinteañistas and the River Plate agents.
* End of Sexenio Absolutista.
* Cancellation of the gran expedición de Ultramar and withdrawal of Spanish europpean support to the royalists from Spanish American wars of independence.

Totonicapán Uprising of 1820

* Part of Independence of Central America and Indigenous rebellion on Mexico and Central America

Location: Central America, Guatemala

|  Spanish Empire

* Captaincy General of Guatemala

|  K'iche of Totonicapán | Victory  |
Spanish reconquest attempts in Mexico
(1821–29)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: Mexico

|  Spanish Empire |  Mexico | Defeat

* Spain recognizes the independence of the United Mexican States in 1836

Dominican War of Independence

(1821–22)Location: Hispaniola

|  Spanish Empire |  Republic of Spanish Haiti

* * *

Haiti | Political Defeat, Military inconclusive due to Haitian Invasion of Santo Domingo.  |
Royalist War (1822–23)

* part of Revolutions during the 1820s

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

Royalists forces

* Spanish absolutists
* Ultras/Apostolics (traditionalists)

Supported by:

Quintuple Alliance[148]

|  Junta Provisional Consultiva Liberals (constitucionals) forces

* Doceañista/Moderados (liberal conservatives)
* Exaltados (radical liberals)

| Absolutist victory

* End of the Trienio Liberal
* Intervention of France.

French invasion of Spain
(1823)

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of France

Armée de la Foi

|  Partisans of the Cortes | Royalist victory

* Start of Ominous Decade
* A part of the French army would remain occupying Spain until 1828 to save the Counter-revolutionary regime.

Novales Revolt

(1823)

* Part of Philippine revolts against SpainLocation: Philippines

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Philippines

| Filipino and Hispanic American Rebels  | Royalist Victory

* Death of Mariano Fernández de Folgueras (royalist), Andrés Novales (liberal) and other persons.
* Expulsion of Luis Rodríguez-Varela and other liberal conspirators.

Chilean conquest of Chiloé (1824–26)

* Part of Spanish American wars of independence

Location: Chile, Chiloé Island

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Governorate of Chiloé

|  Chile | Defeat.

End of Spanish presence in South America.

Capture of the sloop Anne

(1825)

* Part of West Indies anti-piracy operations of the United States

Location: Caribbean

|  Tri-national anti-piracy alliance

* Denmark
* Danish West Indies
* Spain
* Puerto Rico
* United States

|  Roberto Cofresí's pirates  | Victory  |
War of the Aggrieved

(1827)

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Spanish absolutists (moderate royalists)

Supported by:

Kingdom of France

| Cuerpo de Voluntarios Realistas rebel forces

* Ultra-royalits/Apostolics (traditionalists)

| Victory

* The Agraviados, who rose up against the "reformist" Enlightened absolutism government that supposedly had King Ferdinand VII "kidnapped", lay down their arms when Ferdinand VII had to go to Catalonia to demonstrate that he enjoyed full freedom.

Portuguese Civil War
(1828–34)

* Part of Revolutions of 1830

Location: Portugal

|  Liberal Forces of Queen Maria II and Pedro IV Supported by:

Spain (Since 1834)

United Kingdom

France (Since 1830)

Belgian volunteers (1832–1834)[149]

|  Traditionalist Forces of King Miguel
Supported by:

Spain (Until 1833)

Russia

| Liberal victory

* Concession of Evoramonte:
* Constitutional monarchy is restored
* Dom Miguel renounces all his claims to the throne and goes into exile.

First Carlist War
(1833–1839)

* Part of Carlist Wars
* Part of Revolutions of 1830

Location: Spain

| Christinos:

Forces of Queen Isabella II

Supported by:

United Kingdom

French Kingdom

Forces of Queen Maria II

| Carlists:

* Forces of Infante Carlos
* Forces of King Miguel

Supported by:

Portugal (until 1834)

Holy Alliance[150]

| Liberal victory

* British mediated Convention of Vergara.

| 135,000 dead[151]
Riot of La Granja de San Ildefonso

(1835)
Location: Spain

|  Forces of Queen Isabella II

* Moderate Party

| Progresivists | Defeat

* End of Estamento de los Procuradores and reinstauration of Constitution of 1812 in sustition of Spanish Royal Statute of 1834.

Second Egyptian-Ottoman War (1839–1841)

* Part of Oriental Crisis of 1840

Location: Levant

|  Eyalet of Egypt

Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Spain

|  Ottoman Empire

British Empire

Austrian Empire

Russian Empire

Kingdom of Prussia

| Defeat

* Egypt renounces claim on Syria, Britain recognizes Muhammad Ali and his descendants as the legitimate rulers of Egypt.

Revolt of the indigenous Benga against their king Bonkoro I (1843–1858)

Location: Africa, Gulf of Guinea

|  Spain

* Benga people, from Corisco Bay, loyal to Bonkoro I and under Spanish protectorate

| Benga people rebels led by Imunga | Stalemate

* The throne of the ndowés (Kingdom of Corisco) remains separated into two branches (Cabo San Juan and the north of the Corisco island) since 1843.
* Bonkoro I flee to Cape san juan and complies the arrangement with Juan José Lerena y Barry (Treaty of Tika) of establishing a Spanish protectorate. His son, king Bonkoro II recognized Spanish sovereignty over Cabo San Juan, including several towns that had not been ceded by his father, such as Corisco and Elobey.
* Imunga proclaims himself as king Munga I of Kombe people, then reigned in Corisco between the years 1848 and 1858, date on which he received the support of the first Spanish governor, Carlos de Chacón y Michelena, who appointed him lieutenant governor of Corisco, transforming also in a Spanish protectorate.
* In 1906 the two parts of the kingdom (Cabo San Juan and northern Corisco) were reunited under the kingdom of Santiago Uganda.

Second Carlist War
(1846–49)

* Part of Carlist Wars and Revolutions of 1848

Location: Spain

|  Spain |  Carlist insurgents  | Liberal victory  | 10,000 dead[151]
Patuleia (1846)

* part of Revolution of Maria da Fonte

Location: Portugal

|  Forces of Queen Maria II

* Cartista (conservative liberals)

Quadruple Alliance

* Spain

* United Kingdom

| Junta in Porto forces

* Septembrists (radical liberals)
* Miguelist (traditionalists)

| Victory

* Convention of Gramido

Italian Revolution of 1848[152]

(1848–49)

* part of Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states and Unification of Italy

Location: Italy

|  Austrian Empire[153]

* Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Kingdom of Two Sicilies

Papal States

Spain (1849)

French Republic (1849)

|  Kingdom of Sicily

Provisional Government of Milan

Republic of San Marco

Roman Republic

Supported by:

Kingdom of Sardinia[153]

| Victory

* Papal rule restored in Rome

Spanish expedition to Balanguingui
(1848)

Location: Philippines (Sulu Sea)

|  Spain

* Philippines

| Moro Pirates | Victory  |
Spanish Revolution of 1854

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Moderate Party

| Rebel troops

* Democratic Party
* Progressive Party

| Rebel victory of Leopoldo O'Donnell and Baldomero Espartero.

* End of Década moderada and start of Bienio progresista.

Carlist Insurrection of 1855

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Liberals

|  Carlist insurgents  | Victory of the government  |
Cibaenian Revolution

(1848–49)Location: Dominican Republic

|  Dominican Republic

Liberals

Supported by:

Conservatives

Kingdom of Spain

Revolutionary Government of Cibao

| Victory  |
El Arahal insurrection

(1857)

Location: Spain (Seville)

|  Kingdom of Spain | Peasant rebels

Republicans Freemasonry

| Victory of the government  |
Cochinchina Campaign
(1858–62)

* Siege of Tourane
* Siege of Đà Nẵng
* Siege of Saigon
* Battle of Ky Hoa
* Capture of Mỹ Tho
* Capture of Biên Hòa
* Capture of Vĩnh Long

Location: Southern Vietnam

|  Spain

* Philippines

French Empire

|  Đại Nam | Victory

* Treaty of Saigon:
* Cochinchina becomes a French colony.

Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60)

* Battle of Castillejos
* Battle of Tétouan

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

|  Spain  |  Morocco | Victory

* Treaty of Wad-Ras:
* Morocco recognises Spanish sovereignty over Sidi Ifni and Western Sahara.
* Morocco pays 400 million reales as war reparations

| 1,152 killed[154]
2,888 died of disease[154]
Carlist Landing of 1860

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Liberals

|  Carlist insurgents  | Victory of the government  |
Post-Unification Italian Brigandage

(1861–1865)

* Borges Expedition
* Acinello Battle

Location: Southern Italy

| Brigandage

* Bourbon legitimists in Southern Italy
* Italian Gangs
* Carlist partisans from Bourbon Spain

Supported by

* Papal States
* Spain

|  Kingdom of Italy

Supported by:

French Empire

| Defeat

* Francis II of the Two Sicilies isn't restored to the throne.
* José Borges is arrested and fusiled by House of Savoy.

Franco-Mexican War
(1861–67)

Location: Mexico

|  French Empire
Mexican Empire

Supported by:
Austrian Empire
Spain (until 1862)
United Kingdom (until 1862)
Belgium

Eyalet of Egypt

Confederate exiles

Polish exiles

|  Mexican republicans
Supported by:
United States  | Withdrawal

* Establishment, then fall, of the Second Mexican Empire
* French withdrawal
* Execution of Emperor Maximilian I, Miguel Miramon, and Tomas Mejia.

Loja uprising (1861)

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain |  Socialists | Victory of the government  |
Dominican Restoration War
(1863–65)

* Battle of Monte Cristi

Location: Hispaniola, Dominican Republic

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Santo Domingo (Dominican annexationists)
* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
* Captaincy General of Cuba

|  Dominican Republic | Defeat

* Restoration of Dominican sovereignty

| 10,888 killed or wounded
30,000 died of disease
Chincha Islands War
(1864–66)

* Battle of Papudo
* Battle of Abtao
* Capture of the Paquete de Maule
* Valparaíso bombardment
* Battle of Callao
* Action of 22 August 1866

Location: Peru and Chile Coasts

|  Spain  |  Chile
Peru

Nominal participation:
Ecuador
Bolivia

| Indecisive, both sides claimed victory

* The state of war is maintained between the belligerent parties until the signing of an indefinite armistice in 1871.
* Peace treaties between Spain and Perú (1879), Bolivia (1879), Chile (1883) and Ecuador (1885).

| 300[154]
Glorious Revolution (1868)

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Moderate Party

|  Revolutionaries

* Liberal Union
* Progressive Party
* Democratic Party

| Defeat

* Expulsion of Isabella II and Establishment of a Provisional Government
* Start of Sexenio Democrático

## Restoration

[edit]

Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results | Casualties

|
|
|
|

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results  | Casualties
Ten Years' War
(1868–78)

* Battle of Pino de Baire
* Battle of Las Guasimas

Location: Cuba

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Cuba

|  Cuban rebels

Supported by:
Hispanic American Volunteers

| Victory

* Pact of Zanjón

| 90,000 dead[151]
Grito de Lares

(1868)

* Battle of El Pepino (1868)

Location: Puerto Rico

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico

|  Puerto Rico rebels  | Victory  |
Carlist insurrection of 1869 [es]

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Liberals

|  Carlist insurgents  | Government victory  |
Carlist insurrection of 1870 [es]

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain

* Liberals

|  Carlist insurgents  | Government victory  |
Cavite mutiny (1872)

Location: Philippines

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of the Philippines

|  Filipino mutineers  | Victory  |
Third Carlist War
(1872–76)

* Part of Carlist Wars

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain (1872–73)
I Republic (1873–74)
Kingdom of Spain (1875–76)  |  Carlist insurgents  | Royal Victory  | 50,000 dead[151]
Cantonal rebellion (1872–74)

Location: Spain

|  I Republic |  Canton of Cartagena

* Cantonalist

| Victory of the Republican Government |
Petroleum Revolution

(1873)

Location: Spain

|  I Republic

* Alcoy City Hall

|  Committee of Public Health

Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA

| Victory of the Republican Government |
Little War
(1879–1880)

Location: Cuba

|  Spain  |  Cuban rebels  | Victory  |
Carolines Question (1885)

Location: Western Pacific Ocean (Caroline islands and Palau)

|  Spain

* Spanish East Indies

|  Germany

* German New Guinea

| Victory  |
Spanish-Oulad conflict

(1887–1898)[155][156]

* Álvarez Pérez, del Draa Expedition
* Cervera-Rizzo-Quiroga Expedition Location: Western Sahara and Mauritania

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara

Pro-Spanish tribes

* Oulad Bou Sbaa

| Anti-Spanish tribes

* Oulad Delim

| Defeat

* Spanish Africanist temporally retreat of Villa Cisneros.
* Spain renounces territorial expansion (on Adrar Plateau) in favour of France.

Jerez uprising

(1892)

Location: Spain

|  Spain  |  Anarchist peasants  | Victory of the Spanish State  |
Verduleras' Mutiny [es]

(1892)
Location: Spain

|  Spain  | Madrid verduleras  | Victory and revolt repressed  |
First Melillan campaign
(1893–1894)

Location: North Africa

|  Spain  |  Kingdom of Morocco | Victory

* Treaty of Fez:
* Morocco pays war reparations of 20 million pesetas and pledges to pacify northern provinces.
* Melilla hinterlands ceded to Spain.

Cuban War of Independence
(1895–1898)

* Action of 25 April 1898
* First Battle of Cárdenas
* Battle of Cárdenas
* Battle of Cienfuegos
* Battle of Guantánamo Bay
* Action of 13 June 1898
* Battle of Las Guasimas
* First Battle of Manzanillo
* Battle of Tayacoba
* Battle of the Aguadores
* Battle of El Caney
* Battle of San Juan Hill
* Second Battle of Manzanillo
* Battle of Santiago de Cuba
* Siege of Santiago
* Third Battle of Manzanillo
* Battle of Nipe Bay
* Battle of Rio Manimani
* Part of Spanish–American War

Location: Cuba

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Cuba

|  Cuban rebels
United States  | Defeat

* American Intervention; Expulsion of the Spanish colonial government during Spanish–American War (1898).
* Treaty of Paris
* Protectorate over Cuba
* Cuban independence

| 45,100 dead[151]
Philippine Revolution
(1896–1898)

* Cry of Pugad Lawin
* Battle of Manila
* Battle of Sambat
* Cry of Tarlac
* Battle of Pasong Tamo
* Battle of San Juan del Monte
* Battle of San Mateo and Montalban
* 1896 Manila mutiny
* Battle of San Francisco de Malabon
* Battle of Noveleta
* Kawit revolt
* Cry of Nueva Ecija
* Battle of Imus
* Battle of San Francisco de Malabon
* Battle of Talisay
* Battles of Batangas
* Battle of Binakayan–Dalahican
* Battle of Pateros
* Battle of Kakarong de Sili
* Battle of Zapote Bridge
* Battle of Perez Dasmariñas
* Retreat to Montalban
* Battle of Aliaga
* Raid at Paombong
* Battle of Tres de Abril
* Battle of Camalig
* Battle of Calamba
* Battle of Alapan
* Siege of Baler
* Battle of Tayabas
* Battle of Manila
* Siege of Masbate
* Negros Revolution
* Battle of Barrio Yoting
* Battle of Sapong Hills
* Siege of Zamboanga
* Part of Spanish–American War

Location: Philippines

|  Spain

* Philippines loyalists
* Guardia Civil

|  Katipunan Revolutionaries
1896–1897

* Tagalog Republic
1897

Republic of Biak-na-Bato
(until 1897)

* * *

Filipino rebels (1898)
United States (1898)

| Peace Treaty (1897)

* Signing of Pact of Biak-na-Bato.

Defeat (1898)

* Resumption of hostilities during Spanish–American War.
* Expulsion of the Spanish colonial government.
* Establishment of First Philippine Republic with Emilio Aguinaldo as the first President (1899)
* Outbreak of the Philippine–American War (1899).

Intentona de Yauco

(1897)

Location: Puerto Rico

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico

| Puerto Rican rebels | Victory  |
Spanish–American War
(1898)

* Puerto Rico campaign
* Capture of Guam
* Part of Banana Wars

Location: Caribbean and Philippine Sea

|  Spain

* Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
* Captaincy General of Cuba
* Spanish East Indies

|  United States  | Defeat

* Treaty of Paris (1898): USA gains Cuba, Puerto Rico and Philippines.
* German–Spanish Treaty (1899): Spain sells its last colonies to German Empire.
* End of Spanish Empire in America, Asia and Oceania

| 1,000 killed
800 wounded
15,000 died of disease
30,000 captured
1898 Guinean rebellion led by Sas-Ebuera [es] (1898)

Location: Bight of Biafra, Bioko Island (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

|  Spain

* Spanish Guinea

| Bubis rebels  | Victory  |
1900 Carlist Sublevation

(1900)

Location: Spain (near Badalona)

|  Kingdom of Spain |  Carlist insurgents  | Alfonsist Victory  |
Siege of the International Legations
(1900)

* Part of Boxer Rebellion

Location: China, Peking

| Eight-Nation Alliance

* France
* British Empire
* Australia
* New Zealand
* India
* Russia
* Japan
* Germany
* United States
* Italy
* Austria-Hungary

* * *

* Netherlands
* Belgium
* Spain

* * *

Mutual Protection of Southeast China |  Qing dynasty
Yìhéquán | Victory

* Boxer Protocol

Venezuelan Crisis of 1902–1903

(1902–1903)

Location: Venezuela and Caribbean Sea

|  United Kingdom

Germany

Italy

Support:

* Spain
* Mexico
* Belgium
* Netherlands
* Denmark

|  Venezuela

Support:

* Argentina
* United States

| Compromise

* European fleet withdraws after Washington Protocols.

1906 Carlist insurrection

Location: Spain ( Valls, Calella, Rajadell)

|  Kingdom of Spain |  Carlist insurgents  | Alfonsist Victory  |
French conquest of Morocco (1907–1934)

* Bombardment of Casablanca
* Chaouia campaign
* Ma al-'Aynayn and Ahmed al-Hiba uprising
* Wayaha Uld Ali Uld Cheij raids[157]
* Part of Scramble for Africa

Location: Maghreb (Morocco and Western Sahara)

|  France

* French Algeria

Spain

|  Morocco

Chaouia tribes

Zaian Confederation

Various other tribes

| Victory

* Partition of Morocco into French and Spanish zones

Second Melillan campaign
(1909–1910)

* Part of Spanish-Moroccan conflicts and Scramble for Africa

Location: North America

|  Spain |  Rif tribes | Victory

* Melilla territory extended to Cape Three Forks and the Bḥar Ameẓẓyan lagoon

Tragic Week

(1909)
Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain | Anarchists

Socialists Republicans Freemasons

| Victory of the Spanish government  |
Bubi uprising of 1910 [es] (1910)

Location: Bight of Biafra, Bioko Island (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

|  Spain

* Spanish Guinea

| Bubis rebels  | Victory

* Colonial forces pressured King Malabo to influence local chiefs and prevent further confrontation

Agadir Crisis (1911)

* Moroccan Rebellion

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

|  France

Spain

British Empire

|  Morocco

Germany

| Military Victory

* Spain occupy Larache and Ksar el-Kebir.

Diplomatic Failure

* Due to Morocco–Congo Treaty, a Franco-Spanish Treaty was concluded on 27 November 1912, slightly revising the previous Franco-Spanish boundaries in Morocco, in favour to France.

Mutiny on the frigate Numancia [es]

(1911)

Location: North Africa (Tangier)

|  Government | Frigate Numancia mutiners and republicans  | Victory of the monarchical Government  |
Kert campaign (1911–1912)

* Part of Spanish-Moroccan conflicts and Scramble for Africa

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

|  Spain |  Riffian tribes | Victory

* Consolidation of the Spanish-controlled territory in Kelaïa east of the Kert River

Royalist attack on Chaves

(1912)

Location: Iberian Peninsula (Galicia and Portugal)

|  Royalist supporters

Supported by:

Spain

|  Portugal | Defeat

* Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Cabral Couceiro runs to Galicia, Spain. Then proclaim the Monarchy of the North years later.

Spanish liberal state crisis

(1917–1923)

* 1917 Spanish general strike
* Pistolerismo
* Bolshevik triennium
* Faeneras rebellion [es]
* Canadenca strike
* 1919 Spanish general strike
* Tarancón mutiny [es]
* part of Revolutions of 1917–1923 and Background of the Spanish Civil War

Location: Spain

|  Government

* Conservative Party
* Armed Forces
* Defense Councils
* Spanish police
* Somatén

Employers

Paramilitary militia

* Defensa Ciudadana [es]
* Unión Ciudadana [es]

* * *

Sindicatos Libres

* Carlists

| Spanish workers' movement

* UGT
* PSOE
* CNT
* Anarchist action groups
* Marxists action groups

| Stalemate

* Left-wing and Syndicalist movements fails in their attempts to make a Socialist Revolution, but the demands of working classes (Social question) are attended by Regenerationist reformers with laws about Workers' Retirement, Eight-hour working day, Sunday Rest, etc. Institutions like the Ministry of Labour are also made.
* The Reign of Alfonso XIII enters on the Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera after 1923 Spanish coup d'état, ending Caciquism and political oligarchy. Thus making a crisis on the Spanish Conservatism due to conflicts between Ciervists, Datists and Maurists after the crisis in the turnist system between Conservative Party and the Liberal Party, as also heterogeneous influence from Catholic social teaching, Maurrassisme, Integralismo Lusitano and Fascist Italy to solve Social question by their own way.
* Ascension of Carlism (Traditionalist) as a mass movement in reactionary circles, due to crisis on liberal monarchists (Alfonsism) and the right-wing after authoritarian politics.
* Apparition of Spanish fascists [es].

Río Muni Punishment Expedition (1918) [es]

Location: Africa, Guinea region (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

|  Spain

* Spanish Guinea

| Fang people

* Mawomo

| Victory

* Colonial Guard of Spanish Guinea will do military campaigns to subdue the indigenous Fang people in Río Muni until 1929.

Spanish conquest of Continental Guinea[158][159][160]

(1920s–1930s)Location: Africa, Guinea region (Modern Equatorial Guinea)

|  Spain

* Spanish Guinea

Askari

| Fang people

* Osumu

Bubi people

| Victory

* Spanish presence was consolidated in Río Muni, establishing missions, plantations and military posts throughout the interior of the Guinean territory.
* Ángel Barrera, and then Miguel Núñez de Prado [es], were replaced after denounciation of abuse against indigenous peoples (which were raided and put to forced labor in the Prestaciones). The General Government, under pressure from the General Directorate of Morocco and Colonies, passed a law in 1929 that punished abusers.

Rif War
(1920–1926)
Location: North Africa (Morocco)  |  Spain

* Spanish protectorate in Morocco

France

* French protectorate in Morocco

|  Republic of the Rif | Victory

* Debellation of the Republic of the Rif

| 18,000 killed or died of disease
5,000 wounded or missing
Jaca uprising (1930)

Location: Spain

|  Kingdom of Spain |  Spanish republicans | Victory  |

## Second Spanish Republic

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results  | Casualties

|
|
|
|

Anarchist insurrections against Spanish Republic

(1932–37)

* Alt Llobregat insurrection (1932)
* Anarchist insurrection of January 1933
* Casas Viejas incident
* Anarchist insurrection of December 1933
* Anarchist revolt in Labastida [es] (1933)
* Bujalance incidents [es](1933)
* May Days (1937)
* Spanish political violence during 1931-1936 [es] and Spanish Civil War

Location: Spain

|  Spanish Republic

* Generalitat of Catalonia

* * *

Communist Party of Spain

* Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia

Supported by

Soviet Union

|  CNT-FAI

FIJL

Friends of Durruti Group

POUM

Confederal militias

Anarchist commune (1937)

* Regional Defence Council of Aragon
* Popular Executive Committee of Valencia
* Sovereign Council of Asturias and León
* Santander Defense Council
* Gijón War Committee
* Junta de Seguretat Interior de Catalunya
* Madrid Defense Council

| 1° Victory of the Spanish State and repression of Spanish Anarchists. Divission between moderates which wanted to collaborate with Spanish Republic (Treintists and Possibilists of the Syndicalist Party) and Radicals opposed to the State (Faístas).

2° Truce between Anarchists and Republicans during Spanish Revolution of 1936.

3° Anarchists, Anarcho-Syndicalists Libertarian socialist and Libertarian Communism are defeated by Marxists Communists, Leninists and Stalinists during the internal conflict between left-wing groups during Spanish Civil War.

Communists revolts during Spanish Republic

(1932)

* La Villa de Don Fadrique Revolt [es]
* Villalpande incident [es]
* Part of Spanish political violence during 1931-1936 [es]

|  Spanish Republic |  Communist Party of Spain | Victory of the Spanish moderate left  |
Militar Reactions against Spanish Republic (1932)

* Sanjurjada
* Part of Background of the Spanish Civil War

|  Spanish Republic | Monarchical and Right-Wing rebel forces

* CEDA
* Renovación Española
* Requetés/CT
* Decurias [es]
* Spanish Military Union

| Victory of the Spanish Republic  |
Revolution of 1934

* Asturian miners' strike of 1934
* Events of 6 October
* Part of Spanish political violence during 1931-1936 [es]

Location: Spain

|  Spanish Republic |  Asturian Workers Alliance

* PSOE
* UGT
* CNT
* Militias

* * *

Catalan State

* Mossos d'Esquadra
* Escamots

| Victory

* The Spanish Republican government effectively eliminates the rebellions in Asturias and Catalonia.

Extremaduran peasant rebellion [es]

(1936)

Location: Spain (Extremadura)

|  Spanish Republic |  UGT

* National Federation of Land Workers  [es]

| Peasant victory  | 0
Spanish Civil War
(1936–39)

* (See Category:Battles of the Spanish Civil War for battles)

Location: Spain

|  Spain Republic

* People's Army
* Popular Front
* UGT
* CNT-FAI
* Generalitat de Catalunya
* Euzko Gudarostea

Supported by:
Soviet Union
Mexico

* * *

Volunteers

International Brigades

|  Rebel or Nationalist faction

*     * FET y de las JONS[d]
* FE de las JONS[e]
* Requetés/CT[e]
* CEDA[e]
* Renovación Española[e]
* Army of Africa

Supported by:
Italy[161]
Germany[162]
Portugal[163]

| Nationalist faction victory

* Defeat of the Second Spanish Republic
* Beginning of Franco's dictatorship

| 500,000–1,000,000 dead
1936 uprising in Spanish Guinea

(1936)

* Part of Spanish Civil War

Location: Modern Equatorial Guinea

|  Spain Republic |  Clerical Insurgents | Rebel victory

* Hispanicization of the zone and legally unification of Fernando Poo and Río Muni with the rest of Spain.
* Gradual Emancipation of the natives.

## Francoist Spain

[edit]

Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results | Casualties

|
|
|
|

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results  |
Spanish Maquis
(1939–1965)

* Invasion of Val d'Aran

Location: Spain

|  Francoist Spain
Supported by:
Nazi Germany
(1939–1945)
Fascist Italy
(1939–1943)
United States
(after 1953)  |  Republican Partisans
Supported by:
French Resistance (1940–1944)
Italian Resistance (1943–1945)
Soviet Union (until 1956)  | Francoist Victory. Decline and eventual extinction of Maquis activity
Carlist-Falangist internal conflict and conspiracies inner Francoist Regime

(1939-1950s)

* May 1941 Crisis [es]
* Begoña Bombing
* August 1942 Crisis [es]

Location: Spain

|  Francoist Spain

* FET y de las JONS

|  Requetés/CT

Supported by:

* Vatican City
* United Kingdom

* * *

Anti-Francoist Falangists [es]

Supported by:

* Nazi Germany

| Government victory

* Fall of Ramón Serrano Suñer (pro-falangist) and Valentín Galarza (pro-carlist) on Franco's regime.
* End of Fascistization [es] politics and First Francoism. Fascistization [es]
* Repression of both National-syndicalist and Traditionalist-monarchists.

Spanish occupation of Tangier (1940–1945)

Location: North Africa (Morocco)

|  Spain

* Spanish protectorate in Morocco

|  Tangier International Zone | Inconclusive

* Spanish withdrawal after the end of World War II

Eastern Front (World War II)
(1941–1945) Volunteers only

* Siege of Leningrad
* Battle of Krasny Bor

Location: Europe

| Axis powers

* Germany
* Romania (until 1944)
* Italy (until 1943)
* Hungary

* * *

Axis puppet states

* Slovakia
* Croatia

* * *

Co-belligerents

* Finland (until 1944)
* Bulgaria (until 1944)

* * *

Spain

* Spanish Volunteers Blue Division (until 1944)

| Allies

* Soviet Union
* Poland
* Czechoslovakia (from 1943)
* Yugoslavia (from 1944)
* Tuva (until 1944)

* * *

Former Axis powers or co-belligerents

* Romania (from 1944)
* Bulgaria (from 1944)
* Finland (from 1944)

* * *

Aerial and naval only

* United States
* United Kingdom
* Free France (1943–45)

* * *

Volunteers

* Exiled Spanish Republic Volunteers

* La Nueve

| Soviet-allied victory  | 22,700
Ifni War
(1957–1958)

* Siege of Sidi Ifni
* Battle of Edchera
* Operation Écouvillon

Location: North Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)

|  Spain

* Ifni
* Spanish Sahara

France

* Colonial Mauritania

|  Morocco

* Liberation Army
* Allied Sahrawi tribes

| Victory

* Treaty of Angra de Cintra

| 190 dead
Basque conflict
(1959–1975)

Location: Spain (Basque Country)

|  Spain |  Euskadi Ta Askatasuna | Inconclusive

* ETA continued its terrorist activities during the Spanish transition to democracy period and the subsequent Spanish Democracy pursuant to the 1978 Constitution

Pro-Moroccan Guerrilla Warfare against Spanish North-Africa[164]

(1968–1975)

* 1975 Hausa Post Attack [es]
* Attack against Ceuta (1975) [es]

Location: Africa (Western Sahara and Plazas de soberanía)

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara
* Ceuta
* Melilla

* FLU (Frente de Liberación y Unidad)
* MOREHOB (Mouvement révolutionnaire des hommes bleus) [fr]

Supported by:

Morocco

| Victory

* Successful repression against Greater Morocco aspirations until Moroccan direct intervention.
* Moroccan apologies for the terrorism against Spain in 1976.[165]

Zemla Intifada (1970)[166]

* Part of Western Sahara conflict

Location: Africa, Western Sahara

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara

|  Movement for the Liberation of Saguia el Hamra and Wadi el Dhahab | Victory

* Repression and end of the Harakat Tahrir movement.

Western Sahara Revolt
(1973–75)

* Part of Western Sahara conflict

Location: Africa, Western Sahara

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara

* Djema'a
* Sahrawi National Union Party

|  Polisario Front of National Liberation

* Deserters from Tropas Nómadas

Limited Support:

Algeria

Libyan Arab Republic

| Inconclusive

* Proclamation of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
* Spanish unilateral withdrawal from the Sahara pursuant to the 1975 tripartite Madrid Accords.
* The Polisario Front continued the struggle for self-determination against Mauritania and Morocco, beginning the Western Sahara War.

Anti-Spanish Terrorist Warfare in Western Sahara[167]

(1974–75)

* Attack on the Tifariti Government Post (1974) [es]
* Assassination of Ahmed Ould Brahim Ould Bachir (1975) [es]
* Kidnapping of Antonio Martin Hernandez (1975) [es]
* The hijacking of the Mahbes and Smara patrols (1975) [es]

Location: Western Sahara, Canary Islands and Mauritania

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara

|  Polisario Front

* * *

Pro-Moroccan Sahrawi nationalists

* FLU (Frente de Liberación y Unidad)

| Inconclusive, mostly defeat  |
Green March (1975)

* Part of Western Sahara conflict

Location: Africa(Western Sahara and Morocco)

|  Spain

* Spanish Sahara

|  Morocco Supported by:

Mauritania

| Inconclusive

* Operation Golondrina: Spanish withdrawal.[168]
* Moroccan annexation of Western Sahara and start of Western Sahara War.

## Modern

[edit]

Conflict  | Combatant 1  | Combatant 2  | Results

|
|
|

Basque conflict
(1975–2011)

Location: Basque Country region (Spain and France)

|  Spain
France
Supported by:
European Union
United Kingdom
United States
Canada  |  Euskadi Ta Askatasuna | Victory

* ETA declares definitive cessation of its terrorist activities.

Anti-Spanish Terrorist Warfare in Western Sahara[167][169]

(1975–1987)

* Fos Bucraa attack (1976) [es]
* Attack on the fishing vessel Cruz del Mar (1978) [es]
* Attack on the fishing boat Junquito (1985) [es]
* Attack on the Tagomago patrol car (1985) [es]

Location: Western Sahara, Canary Islands and Morocco

|  Spain

* * *

Morocco |  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

* Polisario Front

| Stalemate

* Spain broke relationships with Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic from 1985 to 1986, then Polisario Front are forced to stop raiding Spaniards.[170]

As Encrobas Conflict

(1975–2007)

Location: Spain (Galicia)

|  Spain  | Peasant revolters  | Inconclusive

* Most of the residents abandoned their homes.

Búnker's Confrontations

(1975–early 1980s)

* Operation Gladio
* Operation Reconquista [es] (1976)
* Montejurra massacre (1976)
* 1977 Atocha massacre
* Operation Galaxia (1978)
* 1981 Spanish coup attempt
* 1982 Spanish coup attempt
* 1985 Spanish coup attempt
* Part of Far-right terrorism in Spain and Cold War

Location: Spain

|  Spain

* Opposition to Francoism

Democratic Junta of Spain Limited Support:
European Union
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (1976–1978)

|  Neo-Francoists [es]

* New Force
* CNE [es]
* Batallón Vasco Español
* Warriors of Christ the King
* Triple A
* Grupos Armados Españoles

Limited Support:
Traditionalist Carlists [es] (1976)
NATO (until 1982)

| Democratical victory

* Spanish transition to democracy success

Violence in Canary Islands

(1976–1979)

Location: Canary Islands

|  Spain  | Canarian nationalists

* Canary Islands Independence Movement

Limited Support:

Algeria

Libya

| Victory

* Fuerzas Armadas Guanches dissolve

Bonito War [es]

(1990s)

Location: Atlantic Ocean

|  Spain  |  United Kingdom

France
Ireland

| Inconclusive

* The efforts of all the governments involved managed to end the tension between the fleets, but there would still be protests from the Spanish fishing fleet.

Gulf War
(1991)

Location: Persian Gulf (Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia)

|  Kuwait

United States

United Kingdom

Spain

Saudi Arabia

France

Egypt

Syria

Other Allies

|  Ba'athist Iraq | Victory

* Kuwait regains its independence

Somali Civil War
(1992–1995)

Location: East Africa (Somalia)

|  United States
United Kingdom
Spain
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Pakistan
Italy
India
Greece
Germany
France
Canada
Botswana
Belgium
Australia  |  Somalia | Victory

* UN humanitarian mandate fulfilled.
* About 100,000 lives were saved by outside resistance.
* Civil war is ongoing.

Bosnian intervention
(1992–1996)

* Operation Deliberate Force
* Operation Deny Flight
* 1995 Pale air strikes
* Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Part of Yugoslav Wars and Bosnian War

Location: Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

|  NATO
United Nations Protection Force |  Yugoslavia | Victory

* Dayton Accords:
* Siege of Sarajevo lifted.
* Bosnian Serbs return to negotiations.

Turbot War (1994–1996)

Location: Grand Banks of Newfoundland and English Channel

|  Spain
European Union |  Canada | Defeat

* Canadian Position Recognized
* In 1996, Canada agrees not to apply its laws to Spanish fishing vessels with criteria of extraterritoriality.

Kosovo War
(1998–99)

* part of Yugoslav Wars

Location: Balkans (Kosovo and Albania)

|  KLA

* * *

NATO

|  Yugoslavia | Victory

* Kumanovo Treaty
* Yugoslav forces pull out of Kosovo

1999 East Timorese crisis (1999–2005)

* part of Decolonisation of Asia

|  East Timor

INTERFET

UNTAET

|  Pro-Indonesia militias

* Aitarak
* Besi Merah Putih
* Laksaur
* Mahidi

Supported by:

* Kopassus (alleged)
* BIN[171]
* Jakarta lobby[172][173][174]

| Victory

* Independence of East Timor is seizured

War in Afghanistan
(2001–2021)

* Battle of Sabzak
* Resolute Support Mission
* Operation Harekate Yolo
* Operation Enduring Freedom
* Operation Estaca
* Operation Ontur
* Part of the War on Terror

Location: Afghanistan

|  Afghanistan

ISAF

|  Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan | Defeat

* Fall of Taliban regime

* Osama bin Laden killed
* Renewed Taliban offensive in 2021
* Taliban forces capture Kabul on 15 August 2021

Operation Active Endeavour

(2001–2016)

* Part of the War on Terror

|  NATO Non-NATO:

* Georgia
* Israel[175]
* Morocco
* New Zealand[176]
* Russia (2006)
* Ukraine
* Bulgaria (until 2004)
* Estonia (until 2004)
* Latvia (until 2004)
* Lithuania (until 2004)
* Romania (until 2004)
* Slovakia (until 2004)
* Slovenia (until 2004)
* Albania (until 2009)
* Croatia (until 2009)

| Unspecified terrorist and smuggling groups  | "Victory"

* Continued by Operation Sea Guardian

Perejil Island crisis
(2002)

Location: North Africa, Perejil Island

|  Spain  |  Morocco | Victory

* Moroccan soldiers removed by Spanish military

Iraq War
(2003–04)

* Operation Falconer
* 2004 Iraq spring fighting
* 2003 Latifiya ambush
* Part of Iraqi conflict

Location: Middle East (Iraq)

|  MNF–I

* United States
* United Kingdom
* Poland
* Denmark
* Australia (2003–09)
* Italy (2003–06)
* Spain (2003–04)
* Dominican Republic (2003–04)
* Honduras (2003–04)
* Nicaragua (2003–04)
* El Salvador (2003–09)

Iraq after the fall of Saddam Hussein

* * *

Iraqi Kurdistan |  Iraq under Saddam Hussein

Various insurgents

| Coalition victory

* Fall of Ba'athist rule in Iraq

* Deployment in Najaf

* Spanish withdrawal in 2004, escalation of sectarian insurgency after U.S. withdrawal in 2011

Attacks over UN peacekeeping mission during Hezbollah–Israel conflict

(2006–present)

* International incidents during the 2006 Lebanon War
* Israeli invasion of Lebanon (2024–present)
* Israeli attack on Ramyah UNIFIL post
* Part of Israeli–Lebanese conflict

Location: Middle East (Southern Lebanon)

|  UNIFIL |  Israel

* * *

Hezbollah | Ongoing
Operation Atalanta

(2008–)

* Attack on Spanish oiler Patiño
* Tribal Kat Operation [es]
* Part of counter-piracy efforts off the Horn of Africa

|  European Union (European Union Training Mission in Somalia)

Non EU:

* Colombia
* Iceland
* Liechtenstein
* Montenegro
* New Zealand
* Norway
* Serbia
* Switzerland
* United Kingdom

| Somali pirates | Ongoing
Boko Haram insurgency
(2009–)

Location: Sub-Saharan Africa (Mostly Nigeria)

|  Nigeria
Cameroon
Chad
Niger
Supported by:
African Union
Belgium
Benin
Canada
China
Colombia
France
Iran
Israel
Italy
Spain
United Kingdom
United States  |  Boko Haram | Ongoing
Libyan intervention
(2011)

* Operation Unified Protector
* Part of Libyan Civil War

Location: North Africa, Libya

| Many NATO members acting under  UN mandate and

Anti-Gaddafi forces

several Arab League states

Sweden

|  Pro-Gaddafi forces  | Victory

* Fall of Gaddafi regime

* Muammar Gaddafi killed

* National Transitional Council take control

2012 Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera incident (2012)

Location: North Africa, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera

|  Spain  |  Morocco | Victory

* Moroccan activists arrested

Mali War (2012–)

* Operation Serval
* Kangaba attack
* Kulikoro attack
* Part of Islamist insurgency in the Sahel

Location: West Africa (Mostly Mali)

|  France
Mali
Chad
Spain[177]

Poland

United Kingdom

Germany

|  Ansar Dine

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

ISIL

* * *

Azawad

| Ongoing
Central African Republic Civil War (2012–)

* European Union Military Operation in the Central African Republic

Location: Central Africa

|  Central African Republic

* Central African Armed Forces

MINUSCA (since 2014)
Rwanda (since 2020)[178]
Russia (since 2018)[178]
Wagner Group[179]

* Russian Imperial Movement[180]

Black Russians[181]

* * *

Formerly:

South Africa (2013)
MISCA (2013–2014)

MICOPAX
(2008–2013)

* Angola
* Cameroon
* Chad
* Morocco[182]
* Uganda
* Congo-Brazzaville
* DRC
* Gabon
* Burundi
* Equatorial Guinea
* São Tomé and Príncipe

France (2013–2021)[183]
EUFOR RCA
(2014–2015)

Coalition of Patriots for Change (since 2020)

* Anti-balaka
* MPC
* 3R
* UPC
* FPRC

PRNC
Lord's Resistance Army
Azande Ani Kpi Gbe (since March 2023)[184]

Support:

* Chad (alleged)[185][186]
* RSF[187]

* * *

Defunct groups:

Séléka (2012–2014)

* CPJP
* CPSK
* UFDR
* FDPC
* FPR

RJ (2013–2018)
MNLC (2017–2019)
MLCJ (2008–2022)
RPRC (2014–2022)  | Ongoing
Military intervention against ISIL
(2014–)

* Part of War on terror

Location: Muslim world (Middle East and North Africa, Caucasus and Southeast Asia)

|  United States
Belgium (2014–17)
Denmark
Sweden
France
Germany
Italy
Turkey (2014–17)
Netherlands
Jordan
Morocco (2014–16)
Spain[188][189]
United Kingdom  |  ISIL | Ongoing
2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis

(2017–2018)

* Operation Anubis
* 2017 Catalan general strike

Location: Catalonia

|  Spain

* Mossos d'Esquadra

|  Generalitat de Catalunya | Victory of Spanish Government

* Catalan declaration of independence is rejected.

## See also

[edit]

* Military history of Spain
* List of Spanish colonial wars in Morocco
* Anglo-Spanish War (disambiguation)
* Franco-Spanish War (disambiguation)
* Spanish–Portuguese War (disambiguation)
* Ottoman-Spanish War (disambiguation)
* Ottoman-Habsburg Wars
* Contemporary history of Spain

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Fought against England during Despenser's Crusade.
2. ^ Fought with England during the Caroline War.
3. ^ Fought with England during Despenser's Crusade.
4. ^ The only party under Francisco Franco from 1937 onward, a merger of the other factions on the Nationalist side.
5. ^ a b c d 1936–1937, then merged into FET y de las JONS

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[edit]

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Lists of wars involving European countries

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* Abkhazia
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