List of wars involving the United States

Wars involving the United States of America

This is a list of wars and rebellions involving the United States of America.[1] Currently, there are 107 wars on this list, 5 of which are ongoing.

USA victory \- 79
Another result * - 12
USA defeat \- 11
Ongoing conflict \- 5

*e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive

## 18th-century wars[edit]

Conflict  | Allies  | Opponent(s)  | Result for the United States and its Allies  | Presidents of the United States

|
|
|
|

American Revolutionary War
(1775–1783)

Location: Eastern and Southern North America

the Atlantic

The Battle of Long Island, August 27, 1776 |  United States
Kingdom of France

* Canadian Auxiliaries

Spanish Empire

Iroquois

* Oneida
* Tuscarora

Watauga Association
Catawba
Lenape
Choctaw

* * *

Dutch Republic

* * *

Mysore

|  Great Britain
Loyalists
German Auxiliaries

Iroquois

* Onondaga
* Cayuga
* Seneca

Cherokee

| US-allied victory \- The American Revolution started as a civil war within the British Empire.[nb 1] It became a larger international war in 1778 once France joined.[nb 2]

* Treaty of Paris (1783)
* Britain recognizes the independence of the United States of America and the Thirteen Colonies.

| President of the Continental Congress in American Revolutionary War:

* John Hancock
* Henry Laurens
* John Jay
* Samuel Huntington
* Thomas McKean
* John Hanson
* Elias Boudinot
* Thomas Mifflin
* Richard Henry Lee
* John Hancock
* Nathaniel Gorham
* Arthur St. Clair
* Cyrus Griffin

Cherokee–American wars
(1776–1795)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Old Southwest
Abduction of Daniel Boone's daughter by the Cherokee |  United States
Choctaw |  Cherokee | US-allied victory | President of the Continental Congress in Cherokee–American wars:

* John Hancock
* Henry Laurens
* John Jay
* Samuel Huntington
* Thomas McKean
* John Hanson
* Elias Boudinot
* Thomas Mifflin
* Richard Henry Lee
* John Hancock
* Nathaniel Gorham
* Arthur St. Clair
* Cyrus Griffin

Presidents of the United States:

* George Washington

Northwest Indian War
(1785–1793)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Northwest Territory
The Battle of Fallen Timbers |  United States
Chickasaw
Choctaw | Western Confederacy

List

*     * Council of Three Fires
* Iroquois Confederacy
* Seven Nations of Canada
* Wabash Confederacy (Wea, Piankashaw, and others)
* Illini Confederacy
* Wyandot
* Mississaugas
* Menominee
* Shawnee
* Lenape
* Miami
* Kickapoo
* Kaskaskia
* Chickamauga Cherokee (or "Lower Cherokee")
* Upper Muscogee

Great Britain

* British North America

| US-allied victory

* Treaty of Greenville (1795)
* American occupation of the Northwest Territory

| George Washington
Quasi-War
(1798–1800)

Location: Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean and the MediterraneanUSS Constellation vs. L'Insurgente |  United States

Co-belligerent:
Great Britain

|  French Republic

* Guadeloupe

| Convention of 1800

* Peaceful cessation of Franco-American alliance
* End of French privateer attacks on American shipping
* American neutrality and renunciation of claims by France

| John Adams

## 19th-century wars[edit]

Conflict  | Allies  | Opponent(s)  | Result for the United States and its Allies  | Presidents of the United States

|
|
|
|

First Barbary War
(1801–1805)

Part of the Barbary Wars

Location: Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Tripoli
Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon at Derna, April 1805 |  United States[12]
Sweden[12]
Kingdom of Sicily[12]
Malta Protectorate[12]
Kingdom of Portugal[12]
Sultanate of Morocco[12] |  Ottoman Tripolitania[13]
Sultanate of Morocco[13]
| US-allied victory | Thomas Jefferson
Tecumseh's War
(1810–1813)

Part of the American Indian Wars and the War of 1812

Location: Northwest River Ohio
The Battle of Tippecanoe |  United States | Tecumseh's Confederacy

List

*     * Shawnee
* Red Sticks
* Ojibway
* Chickamauga
* Meskwaki
* Iroquois
* Miami
* Mingo
* Odawa
* Kickapoo
* Lenape
* Mascouten
* Potawatomi
* Sauk
* Wyandot

| US victory | James Madison
War of 1812
(1812–1815)

Location: Eastern and Central North America
General Andrew Jackson stands on the parapet of his makeshift defenses as his troops repulse attacking Highlanders, by painter Edward Percy Moran in 1910. |  United States
Choctaw Nation
Cherokee Nation
Creek Allies |  United Kingdom

* British North America
* The Canadas

Tecumseh's Confederacy

List

*     * Shawnee
* Red Sticks
* Ojibway
* Chickamauga
* Meskwaki
* Iroquois
* Miami
* Mingo
* Odawa
* Kickapoo
* Lenape
* Mascouten
* Potawatomi
* Sauk
* Wyandot

Spain (1814) | Inconclusive/Other Result

* Treaty of Ghent
* Military stalemate; both sides' invasion attempts repulsed
* Status quo ante bellum
* Defeat of Tecumseh's Confederacy
* Burning of Washington including the White House and the Capitol

Creek War
(1813–1814)

Part of the American Indian Wars and the War of 1812

Location: Southern United States
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend, 1814 |  United States
Lower Creeks
Cherokee Nation
Choctaw Nation | Red Stick Creek | US-allied victory

* Treaty of Fort Jackson

Second Barbary War
(1815)

Part of the Barbary Wars

Location: Mediterranean Sea and the Barbary States
Decatur's squadron off Algiers |  United States |  Deylik of Algiers
| US victory
First Seminole War
(1817–1818)

Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars

Location: Pensacola, Spanish Florida Barracks and tents at Fort Brooke near Tampa Bay |  United States | Seminole

* * *

Spanish Florida

| US victory

* Spain cedes Spanish Florida to the United States in the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819
* The United States forcibly relocates Seminole in northern Florida to a reservation in the center of the peninsula in the Treaty of Moultrie Creek of 1823

| James Monroe
Arikara War
(1823)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Missouri River
An Arikara warrior |  United States

Sioux

| Arikara | Inconclusive/Other Result

* White Peace treaty agreed by US Col Leavenworth[14]

Winnebago War
(1827)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Illinois and Michigan Territory |  United States
Choctaw Nation | Prairie La Crosse Ho-Chunks
with a few allies  | US-allied victory

* Ho-Chunks cede lead mining region to the United States

| John Quincy Adams
Black Hawk War
(1832)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Illinois and Michigan Territory
Native women and children fleeing the Battle of Bad Axe |  United States
Ho-Chunk
Menominee
Dakota
Potawatomi | Black Hawk's British Band
Ho-Chunk and Potawatomi allies  | US-allied victory

* End of Native armed resistance to U.S. expansion in the Old Northwest
* Black Hawk Purchase (1832)
* The United States purchases Potawatomi land in the Treaty of Tippecanoe (1832)
* The United States purchases the rest of Potawatomi land west of the Mississippi River in the Treaty of Chicago (1833)

| Andrew Jackson
Second Seminole War
(1835–1842)

Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars

Location: Florida, United States
U.S. Marines search for Seminoles in the Everglades |  United States | Seminole | US victory

* Approximately 3,800 Seminoles transported to the Indian Territory
* Approximately 300 remain in Everglades

| Andrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)

Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841)

William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841)

John Tyler (April 4, 1841 –March 4, 1845)

Texas Comanche Wars
(1836–1875)

Part of the Texas–Indian wars and the American Indian Wars

Location: South-central United States (Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Colorado) and northern Mexico A group of U.S. soldiers defend themselves from Comanche warriors at the Battle of Buffalo Wallow. |  Republic of Texas
United States |  Comanche | US victory | Andrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)

Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841)

William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841)

John Tyler (April 4, 1841 –March 4, 1845)

James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)

Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850)

Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853)

Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)

Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877)

Mexican–American War
(1846–1848)

Location: Texas, New Mexico, California and Mexico
2nd Dragoons charge the enemy at the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, 1846 |  United States
California Republic |  Mexico | US-allied victory

* Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
* Mexican Cession
* Mexican recognition of US sovereignty over Texas and California (among other territories)

| James K. Polk
Cayuse War
(1847–1855)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Oregon
The Whitman Massacre. |  United States | Cayuse | US victory

* Cayuse reduced in numbers and forced to cede most of their lands

| James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)

Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850)

Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853)

Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

Apache Wars
(1849–1924)

Part of the Texas–Indian wars and the American Indian Wars

Location: Southwestern United States
U.S. Cavalry dash for cover while fighting Apaches, by F. Remington |  United States | Apache
Ute
Yavapai | US victory

* Apaches moved to reservations

| James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)

Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850)

Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853)

Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)

Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877)

Rutherford B. Hayes (March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881)

James A. Garfield (March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881)

Chester A. Arthur (September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885)

Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889)

Benjamin Harrison (March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893)

Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897)

William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)

Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909)

William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913)

Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Warren G. Harding (March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923)

Calvin Coolidge (August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929)

Navajo Wars
(1849–1866)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: New Mexico
Fort Defiance |  United States | Navajo Nation | US victory

* Long Walk of the Navajo
* Navajos moved to reservations

| James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)

Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850)

Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853)

Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)

Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Bleeding Kansas
(1854–1861)

Location: Kansas and Missouri
Sacking of Lawrence in 1856
| Anti-slavery settlers
(Free-Staters)  | Pro-slavery settlers (Border Ruffians)  | Free-Stater victory.

* Kansas admitted as a free state on January 29, 1861.

| Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)

Puget Sound War
(1855–1856)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Washington |  United States
Snoqualmie | Nisqually
Muckleshoot
Puyallup
Klickitat
Haida
Tlingit | US victory

* Indians relocated to Siletz, Grand Ronde and Coast Reservations[citation needed]

| Franklin Pierce
Rogue River Wars
(1855–1856)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Rogue Valley |  United States | Tututni | US victory

* Indians relocated to Siletz, Grand Ronde and Coast Reservations

Third Seminole War
(1855–1858)

Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars

Location: Pensacola, Florida |  United States | Seminole | US victory

* By late 1850s, most Seminoles forced to leave their land; a few hundred remain deep in the Everglades on land unwanted by white settlers

| Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)

James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)

Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Yakima War
(1855–1858)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Washington Territory Seattleites evacuate to the town blockhouse as USS Decatur opens fire on advancing tribal forces. |  United States
Snoqualmie | Yakama
Walla Walla tribe
Umatilla tribe
Nez Perce tribe
Cayuse tribe | US victory
Second Opium War
(1856–1859)

Part of the Opium Wars

Location: China
Palikao's bridge, on the evening of the battle, by Émile Bayard |  British Empire
French Empire
United States |  China | US victory

* Treaties of Tientsin
* Kowloon Peninsula and Stonecutters Island ceded to the United Kingdom as part of British Hong Kong

Utah War
(1857–1858)

Part of the Mormon wars

Location: Utah Territory and Wyoming |  United States | Deseret/Utah Mormons

(Nauvoo Legion)

| Inconclusive/Other Result

* Resolution through negotiation
* Brigham Young replaced as governor of the territory
* Full amnesty for charges of sedition and treason issued to the citizens of Utah Territory by President James Buchanan on the condition that they accept American Federal authority

Reform War
(1858–1866)
Location: Mexico |  Liberals
United States |  Conservatives | Liberals \- US victory
Pig War
(1859)
Location: San Juan Islands

Proposed boundaries:

Through Haro Strait, favored by the US

Through Rosario Strait, favored by Britain

Through San Juan Channel, compromise proposal

The lines are as shown on maps of the time. The modern boundary follows straight line segments and roughly follows the blue line. The modern eastern boundary of San Juan County roughly follows the red line.

|  United States

* Washington Territory

|  United Kingdom

* Colony of Vancouver Island

| Inconclusive/Other Result

* Treaty of Washington
* Mostly a bloodless war – San Juan Islands awarded to the United States following third-party arbitration

| James Buchanan
John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry
(1859)

Part of pre-Civil War conflicts

Location: West Virginia
Harper's Weekly illustration of U.S. Marines attacking John Brown's "Fort" Teresa Baine |  United States | Abolitionist Insurgents  | US victory
First and Second Cortina War
(1859–1861)

Location: Texas and Mexico |  United States

* * *

Confederate States

* * *

Mexico

|  Cortinista bandits  | US-allied victory
Paiute War
(1860)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Pyramid Lake, Nevada |  United States | Paiute
Shoshone
Bannock | US victory
American Civil War
(1861–1865)

Location: Southern United States, Indian Territory, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean
The Battle of Antietam, by Thure de Thulstrup. |  United States
Indian Home Guard
Seminole Nation (Western) (most)[15]
Seminole Nation (Florida)
Muskogee Nation (part)[16] |  Confederate States
Cherokee Nation
Choctaw Nation
Catawba
Chickasaw Nation (part)
Muskogee Nation (part)
Seminole Nation (Western) (part)
Comanche Nation (part)  | US victory

* Dissolution of the Confederate States
* U.S. territorial integrity preserved
* Beginning of the Reconstruction Era
* U.S. Federal government expands further control over land and railroad rights in the Indian Territory.

Abraham Lincoln

Yavapai Wars
(1861–1875)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Arizona
Rescue of Lt. Charles King |  United States | Yavapai
Apache
Yuma
Mohave | US victory |

Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877)

Dakota War of 1862
(1862)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Minnesota and Dakota
The Siege of New Ulm, Minnesota on August 19, 1862 |  United States |  Dakota Sioux | US victory | Abraham Lincoln
Colorado War
(1863–1865)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska |  United States |  Cheyenne
Arapaho
Sioux | Inconclusive/Other Result

* Military and congressional hearings against John Chivington

Snake War
(1864–1868)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Locations: Oregon, Nevada, California, and Idaho |  United States | Paiute
Bannock
Shoshone | US victory | Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)

Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Powder River War
(1865)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Powder River State |  United States |  Sioux
Cheyenne
Arapaho | Inconclusive |

Andrew Johnson

Red Cloud's War
(1866–1868)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Powder River State
The Fetterman Massacre |  United States
Crow Nation |  Lakota
Cheyenne
Arapaho | Lakota-allied victory

* Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
* Legal control of Powder River Country ceded to Native Americans
* Creation of the Great Sioux Reservation (including the Black Hills)

Formosa Expedition
(1867)
Location: Hengchun, Taiwan, Qing China'
Attack of United States Marines and Sailors on the pirates of the island of Formosa, East Indies, Harper's Weekly |  United States | Paiwan | Paiwan victory
Comanche Campaign
(1867–1875)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Western United States
Battle of Beecher Island. One soldier and three horses have fallen, while others continue to wage the battle. |  United States |  Cheyenne
Arapaho
Comanche
Kiowa | US victory | Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)

Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877)

United States expedition to Korea
(1871)
Location: Ganghwa IslandThe captured Sujagi aboard USS Colorado in June 1871 |  United States |  Joseon dynasty | Inconclusive/Other Result

American military victory

American diplomatic failure

* Withdrawal of American forces
* Korea retains isolationist policies
* Eventual signing of the United States–Korea Treaty of 1882

| Ulysses S. Grant
Modoc War
(1872–1873)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: California and Oregon
Engraving of soldiers recovering the bodies of the slain May 3, 1873. |  United States |  Modoc | US victory
Red River War
(1874–1875)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Texas |  United States |  Cheyenne
Arapaho
Comanche
Kiowa | US victory

* End to the Texas-Indian Wars

Las Cuevas War
(1875)

Location: Texas and Mexico
Texan soldiers. |  United States | Mexican bandits  | US victory

* Cattle returned to Texas

Great Sioux War of 1876
(1876–1877)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Montana, Dakota and Wyoming
Custer's last stand at Little Bighorn. |  United States |  Lakota
Dakota Sioux
Northern Cheyenne
Arapaho | US victory

* Legal control of Powder River Country ceded to the United States

Buffalo Hunters' War
(1876–1877)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Texas and Oklahoma |  United States |  Comanche
Apache | US victory
Nez Perce War
(1877)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana
Chief Joseph's band in the Battle of Bear Paw Mountain |  United States | Nez Perce
Palouse | US victory | Rutherford B. Hayes
Bannock War
(1878)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming |  United States | Bannock
Shoshone
Paiute | US victory
Cheyenne War
(1878–1879)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and Montana
Aftermath of the Battle of "The Pit." |  United States |  Cheyenne | US victory
Sheepeater Indian War
(1879)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Idaho |  United States | Shoshone | US victory
Victorio's War
(1879–1880)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Mexico |  United States
Mexico | Apache | US-allied victory
White River War
(1879)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Colorado
Battle of Milk Creek Canyon |  United States | Ute | US victory
Egyptian Expedition
(1882)

Part of the Anglo-Egyptian War

Location: Alexandria
Front page of "Judge" magazine, 12 August 1882, featuring a cartoon by "JAW" concerning aid rendered by the American navy during the British bombardment of Alexandria. |  United States |  Egypt | US victory | Chester A. Arthur
Crow War
(1887)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Montana
Crow Indians Firing into the Agency 1887 |  United States |  Crow people | US victory | Grover Cleveland
Ghost Dance War
(1890–1891)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: South Dakota
Mass grave for the dead Lakota after the Wounded Knee Massacre. |  United States |  Sioux | US victory | Benjamin Harrison
Garza War
(1891–1893)

Location: Texas and Mexico
3rd Cavalry Troopers searching a suspected Revolutionist, 1892 |  Mexico
United States | Garzistas  | US-allied victory
Yaqui Wars
(1896–1918)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Arizona and Mexico
10th Cavalry soldiers holding Yaqui prisoners at their camp in Bear Valley, January 9, 1918. |  United States
Mexico |  Yaqui
Pima
Opata | US-allied victory | Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897)

William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)

Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909)

William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913)

Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Second Samoan Civil War
(1898–1899)

Location: Samoa
Samoan warriors and American servicemen during the Siege of Apia in March 1899. | Samoa
United States | Mataafans
German Empire | Inconclusive/Other Result

* Allies and Rebels compromise for peace Tripartite Convention
* United States acquires American Samoa
* United Kingdom withdraws claim in exchange for concessions in the Solomon Islands
* Germany acquires German Samoa
* Mata'afa Iosefo becomes paramount chief of Samoa

| William McKinley
Spanish–American War
(1898)

Location: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam
Theodore Roosevelt and the "Rough Riders" after the Battle of San Juan Hill. |  United States
Cuban Revolutionaries
Filipino Revolutionaries |  Spain

* Cuba
* Guam
* Philippines
* Puerto Rico

| US-allied victory

* Treaty of Paris
* Protectorate over Cuba
* Collapse of the Spanish Empire

Philippine–American War
(1899–1902)

Location: Philippines
U.S. soldiers during the Battle of Manila. | 1899–1902
United States

* Military government

* * *

1902-1906
United States

* Civil government

| 1899–1902
Philippine Republic

* Negros Republic
* Zamboanga Republic

Limited Foreign Support:
Empire of Japan

* Shishi

* * *

1902-1906
Tagalog Republic

* Irrenconcilables

| US victory

* Occupation of the Philippines
* Establishment of the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands
* General Emilio Aguinaldo captured
* Dissolution of the First Philippine Republic

| William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)

Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909)

Moro Rebellion
(1899–1913)

Location: Philippines
American soldiers battling against Moro fighters. |  United States |  Moro
Remnants of the Sulu Sultanate | US victory

* Total annexation of the Philippine Islands

| William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)

Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909)

William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913)

Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Boxer Rebellion
(1899–1901)

Location: China
U.S. soldiers during the Boxer Rebellion in China. |  British Empire

* United Kingdom
* Australia
* New Zealand
* India

Russian Empire
Empire of Japan
French Republic
United States
German Empire
Kingdom of Italy
Austro-Hungarian Empire
China (until 1900)

|  Boxers
China (from 1900)  | US-allied victory

* Signing of the Boxer Protocol
* Provisions for foreign troops to be stationed in Beijing

| William McKinley

## 20th-century wars[edit]

Conflict  | Allies  | Opponent(s)  | Result for the United States and its Allies  | Presidents of the United States

|
|
|
|

Crazy Snake's War
(1909)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Oklahoma
Creek prisoners of war. |  United States | Creek | US victory | Theodore Roosevelt
(September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909)

Warren G. Harding
(March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923)

Calvin Coolidge
(August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929)

Mexican Border War
(1910–1919)

Part of the Mexican Revolution

Location: Mexico–United States border
American troops of the 16th Infantry Regiment rest for the night on May 27, 1916 |  United States |  Mexico

Supported by:

* German Empire

| US victory

* Seditionist insurgency suppressed
* Permanent border wall established
* Pancho Villa's troops no longer an effective fighting force[17]
* Mexican Constitutionalist faction leader Venustiano Carranza recognised as the sole leaders of the Mexican government by the United States

| William Howard Taft
(March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913)

Woodrow Wilson
(March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Little Race War
(1912)

Part of the Banana Wars

Location: Cuba
USS Mississippi in Cuba |  Cuba
United States |  Cuban PIC | US-allied victory

* Dissolution of the PIC

| William Howard Taft
United States occupation of Nicaragua
(1912–1933)

Part of the Banana Wars

Location: Nicaragua
US Marines holding a captured Sandinista flag. |  United States
Nicaragua |  Nicaraguan Liberals
Sandinistas | US victory

* Change of regime in Nicaragua
* Great Depression marks US withdrawal (1933)

| William Howard Taft
(March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913)

Woodrow Wilson
(March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Warren G. Harding
(March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923)

Calvin Coolidge
(August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929)

Herbert Hoover
(March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933)

Bluff War
(1914–1915)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Utah and Colorado
Prisoners of the Bluff War in Thompson, Utah, waiting to board a train for their trial in Salt Lake City. |  United States | Ute
Paiute | US victory | Woodrow Wilson
United States occupation of Veracruz
(1914)

Part of the Mexican Revolution

Location: Mexico
American ships at Veracruz |  United States

Supported by:

* United Kingdom

|  Mexico

Supported by:

* German Empire
* Kingdom of Italy

| US victory
United States occupation of Haiti
(1915–1934)

Part of the Banana Wars

Location: Haiti
2nd Marine Regiment in Haiti |  United States
Haiti |  Haitian Rebels | US-allied victory | Woodrow Wilson
(March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Warren G. Harding
(March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923)

Calvin Coolidge
(August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929)

Herbert Hoover
(March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933)

Franklin D. Roosevelt
(March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945)

United States occupation of the Dominican Republic
(1916–1924)

Part of the Banana Wars

Location: Dominican Republic
US Marines in the Occupation of the Dominican Republic. |  United States |  Dominican Republic | US victory | Woodrow Wilson
(March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921)

Warren G. Harding
(March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923)

Calvin Coolidge
(August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929)

World War I
(1914–1918, direct U.S. involvement in 1917–1918)

Location: Europe, Africa, Asia, Middle East, the Pacific Islands, and coast of North and South America
US troops firing 37mm gun during an advance against German entrenched positions. |  French Republic
British Empire

* United Kingdom
* Canada
* Newfoundland
* Australia
* New Zealand
* Ceylon
* India
* South Africa

Russian Empire (until 1917)
Kingdom of Italy
United States (since 1917)
Empire of Japan
Kingdom of Serbia
Kingdom of Montenegro
Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Greece
Belgium
Portugal
Republic of Armenia
Idrisid Emirate of Asir
Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
Kingdom of Hejaz
Republic of China
Siam
Brazil

|  German Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Ottoman Empire
Kingdom of Bulgaria | US-allied victory

* End of the German, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires; the October Revolution in U.S. ally Russia leads to the creation of the hostile Russian SFSR and Soviet Union
* Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East
* Transfer of German colonies and regions of the former Ottoman Empire to other powers
* Establishment of the League of Nations

| Woodrow Wilson
Russian Civil War
(1917–1923, direct U.S. involvement in 1918–1920)

Location: Russia
US troops march through Russia before the Battle of Romanovka. |  White Movement

Mountain Republic
Makhnovshchina
Left SR
Green armies
British Empire
Japan
Czechoslovakia
Greece
United States
France
Serbia
Romania
Italy
China
Mongolia

|  Russian SFSR

Far Eastern Republic
Mongolian Communists
Makhnovshchina
Left SR
Green armies

| Bolshevik Victory[18]

* Victory for the Bolshevik Red Army in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Russian SFSR and Soviet Union
* Establishment of the Soviet Union
* Establishment of Mongolian and Tuvan republics
* Cession of Russia proper, Kuban, Don, Eastern Karelia, Siberia and Far East; Central, Southern, and Eastern Ukraine; Eastern Belarus, Northern Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia to the Soviet Union
* Victory for pro-independence movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories

Posey War
(1923)

Part of the American Indian Wars

Location: Utah
Ute and Paiute prisoners of war. |  United States | Ute
Paiute | US victory

* Last Indian uprising

| Warren G. Harding
World War II
(1939–1945, direct U.S. involvement in 1941–1945)

Location: Europe, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean, North Africa, Oceania, North and South America
Six United States Marines raising the U.S. flag atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima. |  Soviet Union (since 1941)
United States (since 1941)
British Empire

* United Kingdom
* Canada
* Australia
* New Zealand
* India
* and others

French Republic
Republic of Poland
Czechoslovak Republic
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Greece
Denmark
Norway
Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg
Republic of Cuba
Republic of Haiti
Argentina
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Peru
United States of Venezuela
Liberia
Kingdom of Egypt
Ethiopian Empire
Union of South Africa
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
Kingdom of Nepal
Republic of China
Mongolian People's Republic
Commonwealth of the Philippines
Viet Minh
Korean Provisional Government

|  Nazi Germany
Empire of Japan
Kingdom of Italy
Soviet Union (in 1939–1941)
Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Bulgaria
Slovak Republic
Independent State of Croatia
Finland
Kingdom of Iraq
Thailand
Manchukuo
Mengjiang | US-allied victory

* Collapse of Nazi Germany
* Fall of Japanese and Italian empires
* Creation of the United Nations
* Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers
* Beginning of the Cold War (1947–1989)
* Beginning of the Atomic Age
* Germany and Austria, as well as their capitals, Berlin and Vienna, respectively, divided into four occupation zones each, one for each of the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union

Franklin D. Roosevelt
(March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945)

Harry S. Truman
(April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953)

Korean War
(1950–1953)

Part of the Cold War

Location: Korea
U.S. soldier fires a 75mm recoilless rifle, near Oetlook-tong, Korea, in support of infantry units directly across the valley. |  South Korea

* * *

United Nations
United States
United Kingdom
Australia
Belgium
Canada
France
Philippines
Colombia
Ethiopian Empire
Kingdom of Greece
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Spanish State
Union of South Africa
Thailand
Turkey

|  North Korea

* * *

China
Soviet Union Supported by:

* East Germany
* Czechoslovak Republic
* Hungarian People's Republic
* Polish People's Republic
* Socialist Republic of Romania
* People's Republic of Bulgaria
* Mongolian People's Republic

| Inconclusive/Other Result

* UNSC Resolution 83 goals achieved
* North Korean invasion of South Korea repelled
* South Korean statehood preserved
* Subsequent United Nations invasion of North Korea repelled
* Subsequent Chinese-North Korean invasion of South Korea repelled
* Korean Armistice Agreement

| Harry S. Truman
(April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953)

Dwight D. Eisenhower
(January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961)

Vietnam War
(1955–1964[a], 1965–1973[b], 1974–1975[c])

Part of the Cold War and Indochina Wars

Location: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos
1st Cavalry Division, Battle of Ia Drang, 1965. |  South Vietnam
United States
South Korea
Australia
New Zealand
Thailand
Philippines
Kingdom of Laos
Khmer Republic |  North Vietnam
Viet Cong
Pathet Lao
Khmer Rouge
China
Soviet Union
North Korea

Supported by:

* East Germany
* Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
* Hungarian People's Republic
* Polish People's Republic
* Socialist Republic of Romania
* People's Republic of Bulgaria
* Cuba

| North Vietnam-allied victory

* Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina
* North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam
* Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam
* Communist governments take power in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
* South Vietnam is annexed by North Vietnam[19]
* Barricaded the spread of communism around and in Vietnam[20]

| Dwight D. Eisenhower
(January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961)

John F. Kennedy
(January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963)

Lyndon B. Johnson
(November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969)

Richard Nixon
(January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974)

Gerald Ford
(August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977)

Laotian Civil War
(1959–1975)

Part of the Indochina Wars and Cold War

Location: Laos
A U.S. Air Force Bell UH-1P from the 20th Special Operations Squadron "Green Hornets" at a base in Laos, 1970. |  Kingdom of Laos
United States
South Vietnam
Thailand
Supported by:
Philippines
Taiwan |  Pathet Lao
North Vietnam

Supported by:

* China
* Soviet Union
* East Germany
* Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
* Socialist Republic of Romania
* Cuba

| Pathet Lao-allied victory

* Establishment of the Lao PDR

Permesta Rebellion
(1958-1961)

Location: Indonesia
The capture of Allen Lawrence Pope. |  Permesta
United States |  Indonesia | Indonesian government victory

* Permesta surrendered to Indonesia government

| Dwight D. Eisenhower
Lebanon crisis
(1958)

Location: Lebanon
US Marine sits in a foxhole and points his machine gun toward Beirut. |  Lebanon
United States |  Lebanese opposition:

* INM
* LCP
* PSP

| US-allied victory

* US-Lebanese occupation of the port and international airport of Beirut

Bay of Pigs Invasion
(1961)

Part of the Cold War

Location: Cuba
A4D-2 Skyhawks in flight over USS Essex during the Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961. |  CDRF
United States |  Cuba | Cuban government victory

* United States sponsored Brigade 2506 (Cuban Exiles) defeated

| John F. Kennedy
Dominican Civil War
(1965–1966)

Location: Dominican Republic
US soldiers push a child underneath a Jeep to protect him during a firefight in Santo Domingo on May 5, 1965. |  Dominican Loyalists
United States
IAPF

* Brazil
* Paraguay
* Nicaragua
* Costa Rica
* El Salvador
* Honduras

|  Dominican Constitutionalists | US-allied victory

* Fall of the Bosch regime
* Joaquín Balaguer elected as the new president

| Lyndon B. Johnson
Korean DMZ Conflict
(1966–1969)

Part of the Korean conflict and the Cold War

Location: Korean Demilitarized Zone
ROK and US troop stationed at the DMZ, 1967. |  South Korea
United States |  North Korea | US-allied victory

* North Korean failure to launch an insurgency in South Korea

| Lyndon B. Johnson
(November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969)

Richard Nixon
(January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974)

Cambodian Civil War
(1967–1975)

Part of the Cold War

Location: Cambodia
US troops and tanks entering town in Cambodia. |  Kingdom of Cambodia (1967–1970)
Khmer Republic (1970–1975)
United States
South Vietnam

Supported by:

* Australia
* Canada
* France
* Thailand

|  National United Front of Kampuchea
Khmer Rouge
Khmer Rumdo
Khmer Việt Minh
North Vietnam
Việt Cộng

Supported by:

* China
* Soviet Union
* North Korea
* Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
* Socialist Republic of Romania
* Cuba

| Khmer Rouge-allied victory

* Fall of the Kingdom of Cambodia
* Creation but eventual collapse of the Khmer Republic
* Creation of the Democratic Kampuchea
* Beginning of the Cambodian genocide

| Lyndon B. Johnson
(November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969)

Richard Nixon
(January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974)

Gerald Ford
(August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977)

Multinational intervention in Lebanon
(1982–1984)

Location: Lebanon
US Marines of the 32nd Marine Amphibious Unit come ashore to assume the management of the port of Beirut. |  Lebanese Armed Forces

* * *

UNIFIL
Multinational Force in Lebanon:

* United States
* France
* United Kingdom
* Italy

* * *

Israel

Lebanese Front
Army of Free Lebanon
SLA

|  Lebanese National Movement
Jammoul
PLO

* * *

Amal Movement

* * *

Iran

* Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

Hezbollah
Islamic Jihad Organization

* * *

Islamic Unification Movement

* * *

Syria

* * *

Arab Deterrent Force

* Saudi Arabia
* Sudan
* United Arab Emirates
* Libya
* South Yemen

| Syrian-allied victory

* Multinational forces fail to prevent collapse of Lebanese Army into Syrian- or Israeli- supported militias[21][22]
* Multinational forces evacuated after the US embassy and US Marine barracks are bombed by the Islamic Jihad Organization
* Multinational forces oversee withdrawal of Palestine Liberation Organization
* Humanitarian crisis in Southern Lebanon
* Civil war continues until 1990
* President Hafez al-Assad continues his occupation of Lebanon until his son and later president Bashar al-Assad orders a withdrawal from the country

| Ronald Reagan
(January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989)
United States invasion of Grenada
(1983)

Part of the Cold War

Location: Grenada
American soldiers in artillery positions at Grenada. |  United States
Barbados
Jamaica
Antigua and Barbuda
Dominica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |  PRG of Grenada
Cuba
Military advisors:

List

* Soviet Union
* Bulgaria
* East Germany
* Libya

| US-allied victory

* Military dictatorship of Hudson Austin deposed
* Defeat of Cuban military presence
* Restoration of constitutional government

| Ronald Reagan
Bombing of Libya
(1986)

Location: Libya
USAF F-111 taking off for Libya |  United States |  Libya | US victory

* Failed Libyan Scud missile response
* Muammar Gaddafi survives

Tanker War
(1987–1988)

Part of the Iran–Iraq War

Location: Persian Gulf
Iranian frigate Sahand after being attacked by U.S. aircraft. |  United States |  Iran | US victory

* U.S. Navy sinks several ships and damages Iranian military installations used to attack U.S. and U.S. allied civilian shipping
* U.S. Navy vessel USS Vincennes shoots down civilian Iran Air Flight 655 killing all 290 passengers, among them 66 children
* Iran–Iraq War ends in August 1988 following UN enforcement of the ceasefire

United States invasion of Panama
(1989–1990)

Location: Panama
U.S. troops prepare to take a neighborhood in Panama City, December 1989. |  United States
Panamanian Opposition |  Panama | US-allied victory

* Dictator Manuel Noriega deposed

| George H. W. Bush
Gulf War
(1990–1991)

Location: Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Israel
M1 Abrams tanks of the 3rd Armored Division advance on Medina Ridge. |  United States
United Kingdom
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
France
Canada
Egypt
Syria
Qatar
Bahrain
United Arab Emirates
Oman |  Iraq | US-allied victory

* Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait; Emir Jaber III restored
* Sanctions against Iraq

Iraqi No-Fly Zone Enforcement Operations
(1991–2003)

Location: Iraq
A Tomahawk cruise missile is fired from an Arleigh Burke-class destroyer during Operation Desert Fox in December 1998. |  United States
United Kingdom
France
Australia
Belgium
Netherlands
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Italy |  Iraq | US-allied victory

* Periodic depletion of Iraqi air defenses

| George H. W. Bush
(January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993)

Bill Clinton
(January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001)

George W. Bush
(January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

First U.S. Intervention in the Somali Civil War
(1992–1995)

Part of the Somali civil war (1991–present)

Location: Somalia
U.S. Marines on patrol in Somalia. |  United States
United Kingdom
Spain
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Pakistan
Italy
India
Greece
Germany
France
Canada
Botswana
Belgium
Australia
New Zealand |  Somali National Alliance | Somali victory / US-allied defeat

* Failure to capture SNA leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid; specific Aidid lieutenants captured
* Withdrawal of U.S. forces 5 months after losses in the Battle of Mogadishu
* The UN mandate saved close to 100,000 lives, before and after U.S. withdrawal
* Civil war is ongoing

| George H. W. Bush
(January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993)

Bill Clinton
(January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001)

Bosnian War and Croatian War
(1992–1995)

Part of the Yugoslav Wars

Location: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia
A U.S. Army M-113 Armor Personnel Carrier prepares to pull an armored Humvee out of the mud in Bosnia and Herzegovina. |  Bosnia and Herzegovina

* * *

Herzeg-Bosnia
Croatia

* * *

United States
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom

|  Republika Srpska
Serbian Krajina
Western Bosnia | Inconclusive/Other Result

* Military stalemate
* Dayton Accords
* Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Over 101,000 dead, 65,000 Bosniaks, 28,000 Serbs, 8,000 Croats[citation needed]
* Deployment of NATO-led IFOR to uphold the peace agreement
* High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina established to implement the peace agreement

Intervention in Haiti
(1994–1995)

Location: Haiti
U.S. Marine guarding an area in Haiti. |  United States
Poland
Argentina |  Haiti | US-allied victory

* Reinstatement of Jean-Bertrand Aristide as president of Haiti

| Bill Clinton
Kosovo War
(1998–1999)

Part of the Yugoslav Wars

Location: Serbia
A U.S. Air Force F-15E Strike Eagle takes off for an air strike mission. |  KLA
AFRK
Albania
Croatia
United States
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
France
Germany
Hungary
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Poland
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom |  FR Yugoslavia | US-allied victory[23][24][25][26]

* Ceasefire reached through Kumanovo Agreement of June 1999. after Russian and Finnish envoys visit Belgrade
* Yugoslav forces pull out of Kosovo
* UN Resolution 1244 confirming Kosovo as de jure part of FRY
* De facto separation of Kosovo from FR Yugoslavia under UN administration
* Return of Albanian refugees after attempted ethnic cleansing of Albanians
* KLA veterans join the UÇPMB, starting the Preševo insurgency
* Around 200,000 Serbs, Romani, and other non-Albanians fleeing Kosovo and many of the remaining civilians becoming victims of abuse
* Three Chinese journalists were killed in United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade

1. ^ Advisory role from the forming of the MAAG in Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin incident.
2. ^ Direct U.S. involvement ended in 1973 with the Paris Peace Accords. The Paris Peace Accords of January 1973 saw all U.S forces withdrawn; the Case–Church Amendment, passed by the U.S Congress on 15 August 1973, officially ended direct U.S military involvement .
3. ^ The war reignited on December 13, 1974 with offensive operations by North Vietnam, leading to victory over South Vietnam in under two months.

## 21st-century wars[edit]

Conflict  | Allies  | Belligerent  | Result for the United States and its Allies  | Presidents of the United States

|
|
|
|

War in Afghanistan
(2001–2021)

Part of the war on terror and the Afghan conflict

Location: Afghanistan
U.S. soldiers from A Company, 101st Airborne Division Special Troop Battalion air assault into a village inside Jowlzak valley in Afghanistan. |  Resolute Support Mission
Afghanistan
United States
Canada
United Kingdom
Australia
New Zealand
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Georgia
Germany
Netherlands
Italy
Romania
Slovakia
Spain
Turkey

* * *

Formerly:
ISAF |  Taliban

* Haqqani network

* * *

Allied groups
Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin
al-Qaeda
Islamic Jihad Union[27]

* Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan

* * *

Taliban splinter groups

* Fidai Mahaz

* * *

IS-Affiliates:

* Islamic State – Khorasan Province

* * *

2001 Invasion:
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

* Talibani Army
* Salafist extremists
* 055 Brigade

| Taliban victory

* United States invasion of Afghanistan (2001)
* Destruction of al-Qaeda and Taliban militant training camps (2001)
* Fall of the Taliban government (2001) and Establishment of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
* Start of Taliban insurgency
* Osama bin Laden killed by DEVGRU operators in Abbottabad, Pakistan in May 2011
* "Afghanization" of Afghan conflict. Withdrawal of most US troops by 2014
* End of Operation Enduring Freedom; start of 2015 phase of war, and Operation Freedom's Sentinel. End of US and ISAF led combat mission; beginning of NATO-led training and assistance mission.
* Doha Agreement and progressive withdrawal of remaining US troops after 2020[28]
* Renewed Taliban offensive in 2021
* Taliban forces capture Kabul on August 15, 2021, and overthrow the U.S.-backed Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
* Re-establishment of the Taliban-run Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
* Panjshir Province held out against the Taliban for 3 weeks after Kabul was conquered but ended up also being conquered by the Taliban
* On 30 August 2021 the last American military plane departed Afghanistan.[29][30]
* Billions of dollars of foreign-origin military hardware that was formerly in custody of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan seized by Taliban[31]

| George W. Bush
(October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

US intervention in Yemen
(2002–present)

Part of the war on terror, the al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen, the Yemeni Civil War and the Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war

Location: Yemen
MQ-1 Predator commonly used in drone strikes in Yemen. |  United States

* CIA
* USAF

* * *

Saudi-led coalition:
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Bahrain
Kuwait
Qatar
Jordan
Morocco
Sudan
Senegal
Supported by:

* United States
* United Kingdom

In support of:
Cabinet of Yemen

* Yemen Armed Forces (pro-Hadi)
* Yemeni Air Force
* Popular Resistance

|  al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
Ansar al-Sharia

* * *

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Yemen Province

* * *

Revolutionary Committee/Supreme Political Council

* Houthi movement
* Yemen Armed Forces
* Yemeni Republican Guard

| Ongoing

* 378 drone strikes confirmed[32]
* 57 al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula leaders confirmed killed[33]
* Numerous al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula bases destroyed
* Most recent drone strike against al-Qaeda launched in February 2023[34]

* * *

* Saudi-led coalition forces intervene in Yemen in 2015 to restore the internationally recognized Yemen government led by President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
* United States support the Saudi Arabian-led intervention primarily through arms sales and technical assistance[35]
* U.S. Army Special Forces deployed to the Saudi Arabia-Yemen border to help defeat the Houthi rebels in 2018.[36]
* Missile strikes against Houthi-controlled territory beginning in 2024

| George W. Bush
(October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

Iraq War
(2003–2011)

Part of the war on terror

Location: Iraq
U.S. soldiers at the Hands of Victory monument in Baghdad. | Post-invasion (2003–2011)

United States
Iraq
United Kingdom
MNF–I

List

* Australia
* Romania
* Azerbaijan
* Jordan
* UAE
* Kuwait
* Estonia
* El Salvador
* Bulgaria
* Moldova
* Albania
* Ukraine
* Denmark
* Czech Republic
* South Korea
* Singapore
* Croatia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* North Macedonia
* Latvia
* Poland
* Kazakhstan
* Mongolia
* Georgia
* Tonga
* Japan
* Armenia
* Slovakia
* Lithuania
* Italy
* Norway
* Hungary
* Netherlands
* Portugal
* New Zealand
* Thailand
* Philippines
* Honduras
* Dominican Republic
* Spain
* Nicaragua
* Iceland
* Costa Rica

Invasion phase (2003)
United States
United Kingdom
Australia
Poland
Iraqi Kurdistan Supported by:

* Netherlands
* Italy
* Spain

| Post-invasion (2003–2011)

Ba'ath Loyalists

* Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
* Naqshbandi Army
* Dulaim Tribes

* * *

Sunni insurgents

* al-Qaeda in Iraq
* Islamic State of Iraq
* Ansar al-Sunnah
* Islamic Army of Iraq

* * *

Shia insurgents

* Mahdi Army
* Special Groups
* Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq

Invasion phase (2003)
Iraq

Dulaim Tribes

MEK

* * *

Ansar al-Islam

* * *

Islamic Emirate of Byara

| Inconclusive/Other Result

* Invasion and occupation of Iraq
* Overthrow of Ba'ath Party government
* Execution of Saddam Hussein
* Emergence of significant insurgency, rise of al-Qaeda in Iraq, and severe sectarian violence[37]
* Subsequent reduction in violence and depletion of al-Qaeda in Iraq[38][39]
* Establishment of democratic elections and formation of new Shia-led government
* U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement
* Withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq in 2011
* Stronger Iranian influence in Iraq[40][dubious - discuss][41][42][43]
* Escalation of sectarian insurgency after U.S. withdrawal leading to the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the successor of al-Qaeda in Iraq[44][45]
* Return of US forces to Iraq in 2014

| George W. Bush
(January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

US intervention in the War in North-West Pakistan
(2004–2018)

Part of the war on terror and the War in North-West Pakistan

Location: Pakistan
MQ-1 Predator drones typically used in covert bombing operations in Pakistan. |  Pakistan

* * *

United States

* USAF
* CIA

Supported by:

* United Kingdom

|  Taliban
Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
Haqqani network
al-Qaeda
Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
Foreign Mujahideen
Uzbek Islamic Movement
Turkistan Islamic Party
Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi

* * *

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province

| US-allied victory

* 430 drone strikes confirmed[46]
* 81 high-level insurgent leaders and thousands of low-level insurgents killed[47]
* Deaths of Hafiz Saeed Khan, the leader (emir) of ISIS-K, Afghan Taliban head Akhtar Mansour, and successive TPP heads Baitullah Mehsud and Hakimullah Mehsud
* Destruction of numerous insurgent camps and safe havens
* Large number of insurgents killed while some fled to Afghanistan[48]
* Most recent drone strike launched in January 2018[49]

| George W. Bush
(January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Second US Intervention in the Somali Civil War
(2007–present)

Part of the Somali Civil War, the Somali Civil War and the war on terror

Location: Somalia and Northeastern Kenya
U.S. Marines establish security positions at Baledogle Military Airfield in Somalia, December, 2020. |  Somalia
United States

* U.S. Army
* U.S. Marine Corps
* U.S. Air Force
* U.S. Navy
* U.S. Africa Command
* U.S. Special Operations Command

AMISOM

* Burundi
* Djibouti
* Ethiopia
* Ghana
* Kenya
* Nigeria
* Sierra Leone
* Uganda

Supported by:

* Italy
* Turkey
* United Kingdom

Non-combat support:

* European Union[50]

* * *

United Nations

* UNSOM[51]
* UNSOS[51]
* UNGU[51]

|  al-Shabaab
Mujahideen

* * *

Hizbul Islam

* * *

Islamic State in Somalia

| Ongoing

* Hundreds of drone strikes targeting the terrorist group al-Shabaab
* Raids against al-Shabaab militants conducted by U.S. Special Operations Forces
* African Union Intervention
* U.S. backed Ethiopian invasion in 2006
* Kenyan intervention
* Newly formed federal government established in 2012
* Power struggle within al-Shabaab
* Majority of US Troops withdraw in January 2021
* US airstrikes against al-Shabaab in 2022[52]
* Redeployment of US troops in Somalia in 2022[53][54]
* Death of Islamic State in Somalia leader, Bilal al-Sudani on January 25, 2023[55]
* Approximately 450 U.S. troops remain in Somalia as of June 2023[56]

| George W. Bush
(January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009)

Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

Operation Ocean Shield
(2009–2016)

Part of the war on terror

Location: Indian Ocean
A tall plume of black smoke rises from a destroyed pirate vessel that was struck by USS Farragut in March 2010. |

NATO

* United States
* Belgium
* Canada
* Denmark
* Germany
* Greece
* Italy
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Portugal
* Spain
* Turkey
* United Kingdom

Australia
China
Colombia
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Oman
Pakistan
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Singapore
Somalia
South Korea
Ukraine

| Somali pirates | US-allied victory

* Number of pirate attacks dramatically decreased
* The US Office of Naval Intelligence have officially reported that in 2013, only 9 incidents of piracy were reported and that none of them were successfully hijacked[citation needed]
* Piracy drops 90%[57]

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
International intervention in Libya
(2011)

Part of the Libyan Crisis and the First Libyan Civil War

Location: Libya
U.S. vessels launch missiles in support of Anti-Gaddafi rebels during the First Libyan Civil War. |

UNSC Resolution 1973 forces

NATO

* NATO command
* NATO air forces
* United States
* USA Air Force
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Denmark
* France
* Greece
* Italy
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Romania
* Spain
* Turkey
* United Kingdom

Sweden
Jordan
Qatar
United Arab Emirates

* * *

Anti-Gaddafi rebels

|  Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Remnants of Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (After August 28)

* Gaddafi Loyalists
* Libyan Armed Forces
* Libyan Navy
* Libyan Air Force
* Paramilitary forces
* Pro-Gaddafi militias and tribes
* Mercenaries (alleged)

| US-allied victory

* UN authorisation of NATO Led military intervention
* Overthrow and collapse of The Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
* The killing of Muammar Gaddafi and the end of his rule over Libya
* Start and continuation of The Libyan crisis
* Assumption of interim control by National Transitional Council (NTC); remains in power until August 8, 2012
* Diplomatic recognition of NTC as sole governing authority for Libya by 105 countries, UN, EU, AL and AU
* Post-civil war violence in Libya leading to the second civil war in 2014[58]
* Rise and spread of Madkhalism in Libya[59]

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
Operation Observant Compass
(2011–2017)

Part of the war on terror and the Lord's Resistance Army insurgency

Location: Uganda
U.S. Marine Sgt. Joseph Bergeron, a task force combat engineer, explains combat marksmanship tactics to a group of Ugandan soldiers. |  United States
Uganda
DR Congo
Central African Republic
South Sudan |  Lord's Resistance Army | US-allied victory

* Founder and leader of the LRA Joseph Rao Kony goes into hiding
* Senior LRA commander Dominic Ongwen surrenders to American forces in the Central African Republic and is tried at the Hague
* Majority of LRA installations and encampments located in South Sudan and Uganda abandoned and dismantled
* Small scale LRA activity continues in eastern DR Congo, and the Central African Republic

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
US military intervention in Niger
(2013–present)

Part of the war on terror, the Operation Juniper Shield and the Jihadist insurgency in Niger

Location: Niger
American special forces training alongside Nigerien soldiers. |  United States

Supported by:

* Niger
* France

Jihadists:
Al-Qaeda

* Nusrat al-Islam

* * *

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

* Islamic State – West Africa Province
* Islamic State in the Greater Sahara

* * *

Boko Haram (partially aligned with ISIL since 2015)

| Ongoing

* Approximately 1,000 U.S. troops remain in Niger as of December 2023[60]
* The Niger Military overthrows The government in the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état which leads to the 2023 Nigerien crisis

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

US-led intervention in Iraq
(2014–2021)

Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the War in Iraq (2013–2017), the Spillover of the Syrian civil war, the war on terror and the International ISIS campaign

Location: IraqU.S. soldiers use a rooftop as an observation post, during the Battle of Mosul in Iraq, March, 2017. |  United States
Iraq
Iraqi Kurdistan

* * *

CJTF-OIR Members:
Australia
New Zealand
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Jordan
Morocco
Netherlands
Turkey
United Kingdom

|  Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
White Flags | US-allied coalition and Iraqi victory

* Tens of thousands of ISIL fighters killed
* American-led forces launch over 13,300 airstrikes on ISIL positions in Iraq
* Heavy damage dealt to ISIL forces, ISIL loses 40% of its territory in Iraq by January 2016
* Iraq declares military victory against ISIL on 9 December 2017[61]
* Low-intensity ISIL insurgency following December 2017
* Multinational humanitarian and arming of ground forces efforts
* 200 ISIL created mass graves found containing up to 12,000 people[62]
* Ongoing US-led Coalition advising and training of Iraqi and Kurdish ground forces
* U.S. maintains limited military presence, approximately 2,500 U.S. military personnel remain in Iraq as of December 2021, providing assistance, advice and training to Iraqi forces[63]
* U.S. forces have ended combat mission in Iraq in December 2021[64][65]

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

US intervention in the Syrian civil war
(2014–present)

Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the Syrian civil war, the war on terror and the International ISIS campaign

Location: Syria
U.S. 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry Regiment troops conduct area reconnaissance patrol in Syria, February 2021. |  United States
Revolutionary Commando Army

* Authenticity and Development Front
* Free Syrian Army

Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
Syrian Democratic Forces

* International Freedom Battalion
* People's Protection Units
* Women's Protection Units
* Al-Sanadid Forces
* Euphrates Volcano

* * *

CJTF-OIR Members:
Australia
New Zealand
Canada
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Romania
United Kingdom
Lebanon
Morocco
Jordan
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Qatar
Bahrain
Supported by:

* Iraq
* Kurdistan Regional Government

* * *

Turkey

* Turkish-backed rebels

* * *

Israel (limited involvement; against Hezbollah and government forces only)

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

* * *

al-Qaeda linked groups:

* al-Nusra Front
* Khorasan group
* Tahrir al-Sham
* Jaysh al-Sunna
* Jund al-Aqsa
* Rouse the Believers
* Guardians of Religion Organization

Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria

* * *

Ahrar al-Sham

* * *

Syria (limited encounters with US and Israel)
Supported by:

* Russia
* Iran
* Kata'ib Hezbollah

| Ongoing

* Over 11,200 American and allied airstrikes hit ISIS and other extremist groups within Syria
* Thousands of ISIS targets destroyed and thousands more militants captured or killed
* ISIL lose Mosul and Raqqa (2017), then other most of territory in Iraq and then Syria
* Syrian government Chemical attack in Ghouta (2013) leading to OPCW-UN Joint Mission in Syria
* American support for anti-government rebels
* Deployment of U.S. Marines and Special Forces
* Massive amounts of human rights violations and war crimes, in particular by Syrian government forces
* Semi-regular chemical attacks attributed to the Assad regime leads to condemnation and threats of measures to enforce the chemical weapons convention and the Geneva protocol to which Syria is a party. Chemical attack in Khan Shaykhun results in a retaliatory naval strike on the Syrian government-controlled Shayrat Airbase, Douma chemical attack results in retaliatory strikes/
* Various confrontations and airstrikes
* ISIS detainee crisis takes hold in northern Syria[66]
* Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi on October 27, 2019
* Death of Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi on February 3, 2022
* Death of Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi during clashes in April 2023.[67][68]
* Approximately 900 U.S. troops remain in Syria to combat ISIS as of January 2023[69][70]

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

US intervention in Libya
(2015–2019)

Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the war on terror, the Second Libyan Civil War, and the International ISIS Campaign

Location: Libya
USS Wasp conducts flight operations in Operation Odyssey Lightning. |  United States

* U.S. Air Force
* U.S. Marine Corps
* U.S. Special Forces

United Kingdom
France
Libya

* Government of National Accord

|  Islamic State in Libya

* * *

al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb

| ISIS in Libya largely defeated

* Liberation of Sirte
* Hundreds of airstrikes carried out in Libya against Islamic State affiliated militant groups
* ISIS presence in Libya severely diminished; airstrikes cease in 2019
* Second Libyan Civil War continues until a permanent ceasefire was ratified on October 23, 2020

| Barack Obama
(January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)

Donald Trump
(January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)

Operation Prosperity Guardian
(2023–present)

Part of the Red Sea crisis, Israel–Hamas war and the Yemeni Civil War

Location: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Yemen
USS Carney engages Houthi missiles. |  United States
United Kingdom
Australia
New Zealand
Canada
Denmark
Greece
Netherlands
Norway
Bahrain
Singapore
Sri Lanka

Supported by:
Seychelles

Supreme Political Council

* Houthi movement

| Ongoing

* US-led multinational coalition formed in December 2023 to respond to attacks on shipping in the Red Sea.[71][72]
* Missile strikes against Houthi-controlled territory beginning in 2024

| Joe Biden
(January 20, 2021 – Incumbent)

## See also[edit]

* United States Armed Forces
* Military history of the United States
* Timeline of United States military operations

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ Some historians name the 1861–1865 war the "Second American Civil War", because in their view, the American Revolutionary War can also be considered a civil war (since the term can be used in reference to any war in which one political body separates itself from another political body). They then refer to the Independence War, which resulted in the separation of the Thirteen Colonies from the British Empire, as the "First American Civil War".[2][3] A significant number of American colonists stayed loyal to the British Crown and as Loyalists fought on the British side while opposite were a significant amount of colonists called Patriots who fought on the American side. In some localities, there was fierce fighting between Americans including gruesome instances of hanging, drawing, and quartering on both sides.[4][5][6][7]
* As early as 1789, David Ramsay, an American patriot historian, wrote in his History of the American Revolution that "Many circumstances concurred to make the American war particularly calamitous. It was originally a civil war in the estimation of both parties."[8] Framing the American Revolutionary War as a civil war is gaining increasing examination.[9][10][11][1]. You can read part two of his 1789 book in full here
* A group of Bristol, England merchants wrote to King George III in 1775 voicing their “most anxious apprehensions for ourselves and Posterity that we behold the growing distractions in America threaten” and ask for their majesty’s “Wisdom and Goodness” to save them from “a lasting and ruinous Civil War.”[2]. You can read the 1775 petition in full here
* The “constrained voice” is a good synopsis of how the British viewed the American Revolutionary War. From anxiety to a foreboding sense of the conflict being a civil war,[3]
* In the early stages of the rebellion by the American colonists, most of them still saw themselves as English subjects who were being denied their rights as such. “Taxation without representation is tyranny,” James Otis reportedly said in protest of the lack of colonial representation in Parliament. What made the American Revolution look most like a civil war, though, was the reality that about one-third of the colonists, known as loyalists (or Tories), continued to support and fought on the side of the crown.[4]
2. ^ France entered the American Revolution on the side of the colonists in 1778, turning what had essentially been a civil war into an international conflict.[5]
* The Revolution was both an international conflict, with Britain and France vying on land and sea, and a civil war among the colonists, causing over 60,000 loyalists to flee their homes.[6]
* Until early in 1778 the conflict was a civil war within the British Empire, but afterward it became an international war as France (in 1778) and Spain (in 1779) joined the colonies against Britain. Meanwhile, the Netherlands, which provided both official recognition of the United States and financial support for it, was engaged in its own war against Britain.[7]

## References[edit]

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2. ^ Eric Herschthal. America's First Civil War: Alan Taylor's new history poses the revolution as a battle inside America as well as for its liberty Archived 2017-06-26 at the Wayback Machine, The Slate, September 6, 2016.
3. ^ James McAuley. Ask an Academic: Talking About a Revolution Archived 2018-01-07 at the Wayback Machine, The New Yorker, August 4, 2011.
4. ^ Thomas Allen. Tories: Fighting for the King in America's First Civil War. New York, Harper, 2011.
5. ^ Peter J. Albert (ed.). An Uncivil War: The Southern Backcountry During the American Revolution. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1985.
6. ^ Alfred Young (ed.). The American Revolution: Explorations in the History of American Radicalism. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1976.
7. ^ Armitage, David. Every Great Revolution Is a Civil War Archived 2013-12-03 at the Wayback Machine. In: Keith Michael Baker and Dan Edelstein (eds.). Scripting Revolution: A Historical Approach to the Comparative Study of Revolutions. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2015. According to Armitage, "The renaming can happen relatively quickly: for example, the transatlantic conflict of the 1770s that many contemporaries[who?] saw as a British "civil war" or even "the American Civil War" was first called "the American Revolution" in 1776 by the chief justice of South Carolina, William Henry Drayton."
8. ^ David Ramsay. The History of the American Revolution Archived 2018-07-27 at the Wayback Machine. 1789.
9. ^ Elise Stevens Wilson. Colonists Divided: A Revolution and a Civil War Archived 2016-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History.
10. ^ Timothy H. Breen. The American Revolution as Civil War Archived 2017-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, National Humanities Center.
11. ^ 1776: American Revolution or British Civil War? Archived 2018-07-27 at the Wayback Machine, University of Cambridge.
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13. ^ a b r2WPadmin. "First Barbary War". American History Central. Retrieved May 8, 2019.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
14. ^ Serial 89, 18th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Document No. 1, p. 95
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20. ^ "Who won the Vietnam War? | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 4, 2022.
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22. ^ Brinkley, Joel (March 11, 1984). "The Collapse of Lebanon's Army: U.S. Said to Ignore Factionalism". The New York Times.
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25. ^ Erlanger, Steven (November 7, 1999). "NATO Was Closer to Ground War in Kosovo Than Is Widely Realized". The New York Times.
26. ^ Lake, Daniel R. (2009). "The Limits of Coercive Airpower: NATO's "Victory" in Kosovo Revisited". International Security. 34: 83–112. doi:10.1162/isec.2009.34.1.83. S2CID 57572298.
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29. ^ "Remarks by President Biden on Afghanistan". The White House. August 16, 2021.
30. ^ Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Katzenberg, Lauren (August 30, 2021). "The U.S. military finishes its evacuation, and an era ends in Afghanistan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
31. ^ Lou, Mary (January 1, 2022). "Taliban a 'major U.S. arms dealer' after weaponry left behind in Afghanistan, watchdog warns". Just The News. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
32. ^ "The War in Yemen". newamerica.org. August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
33. ^ "Yemen Leaders Killed". Washington, DC, USA: New America. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
34. ^ "US drone strike kills 2 suspected Al-Qaeda militants in Yemen's Marib". arabnews.com. Retrieved May 9, 2023.
35. ^ Gatehouse, Gabriel (September 11, 2015). "Inside Yemen's forgotten war". BBC News. Archived from the original on October 29, 2015.
36. ^ "US special forces secretly deployed to assist Saudi Arabia in Yemen conflict". The Independent. Retrieved May 9, 2023.
37. ^ "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". NBC News. July 3, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2007.
38. ^ Petrou, Michael (September 9, 2011). "The decline of al-Qaeda". Maclean's. "George W. Bush gambled on surging thousands more troops to the embattled country. It paid off. Al-Qaeda in Iraq is now a diminished force without territory."
39. ^ Spencer C. Tucker (December 14, 2015). U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 978-1-4408-3879-8. "Al Qaeda in Iraq was decimated by the end of the Iraq War in 2011"
40. ^ South, Todd (January 20, 2019). "Army's long-awaited Iraq war study finds Iran was the only winner in a conflict that holds many lessons for future wars". Army Times. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
41. ^ Galbraith, Peter W. (2007). The End of Iraq: How American Incompetence Created a War Without End. Simon & Schuster. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-7432-9424-9.
42. ^ "Iran expands regional 'empire' ahead of nuclear deal". Reuters. March 23, 2015.
43. ^ "How to Stop Iran's Growing Hegemony". National Review Online. April 10, 2015.
44. ^ "The JRTN Movement and Iraq's Next Insurgency | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". Ctc.usma.edu. Archived from the original on August 26, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
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47. ^ "Pakistan Leaders Killed" Archived 18 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. New America Foundation. 23 June 2018
48. ^ "US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander". Voice of America (VOA). July 4, 2018.
49. ^ "CIA drone strikes in Pakistan, 2004 to present". Bureau of Investigative Journalism. 24 January 2018. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
50. ^ Somalia, EUTM. "Home". EUTM-Somalia. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
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52. ^ "Somali, U.S. forces engage insurgents in support of the Federal Government of Somalia". www.africom.mil. February 23, 2022.
53. ^ "Biden approves deployment of hundreds of US troops to Somalia". aljazeera.com. June 4, 2022.
54. ^ "New Somali President Welcomes Return of US Troops". voanews.com. June 4, 2022.
55. ^ "Bilal al-Sudani: US forces kill Islamic State Somalia leader in cave complex". BBC News. January 27, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
56. ^ "US increases military support for Somalia against al-Shabab". Defense News. Defense News. March 1, 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2023.
57. ^ "Somali piracy is down 90 per cent from last year". The Journal. December 15, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
58. ^ Holmes, Oliver (January 24, 2012). "UPDATE 1-Anger, chaos but no revolt after Libya violence". Bani Walid. Reuters Africa. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
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60. ^ "American military presence in Niger remains at about 1,000, AFRICOM says". Stars and Stripes. Stars and Stripes. December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.
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62. ^ "IS left 200 mass graves in Iraq - UN". November 6, 2018. Retrieved June 21, 2019.
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64. ^ "US-led combat mission in Iraq ends, shifting to advisory role". aljazeera.com.
65. ^ "U.S.-led troops end Iraq combat mission, as planned - military officials". reuters.com. December 9, 2021.
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67. ^ "ISIL confirms death of leader Abu Hussein al-Qurashi, names successor". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
68. ^ "Islamic State confirms death of its leader, names replacement". Reuters. August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
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71. ^ "Austin announces US-led security operation focusing on Red Sea, Gulf of Aden after Houthi attacks on commercial shipping". CNN. CNN. December 19, 2023. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
72. ^ "US-led coalition of 10 nations to counter Houthi attacks on vessels in Red Sea". The Times of Israel. The Times of Israel. December 19, 2023. Retrieved December 19, 2023.

## External links[edit]

* Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
* Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements
* A Continent Divided: The U.S.-Mexico War[permanent dead link], Center for Greater Southwestern Studies, the University of Texas at Arlington
* Timeline of wars involving the United States, Histropedia
* U.S. Periods of War and Dates of Recent Conflicts, Congressional Research Service

* v
* t
* e

Armed conflicts involving the Armed Forces of the United States

Listed chronologically

Domestic|

* Shays' Rebellion
* Whiskey Rebellion
* Fries's Rebellion
* Turner's Rebellion
* Mormon War
* Dorr Rebellion
* Bleeding Kansas
* Utah War
* Harpers Ferry raid
* American Civil War
* American Indian Wars
* Brooks–Baxter War
* Range War
* Hamburg riot
* Lincoln County War
* Johnson County War
* Coal Creek War
* Homestead strike
* Pullman Strike
* Colorado Coalfield War
* Red Summer
* Battle of Blair Mountain
* Tulsa riot
* Bonus Army
* Puerto Rican revolts
* 1960s ghetto rebellions
* Kent State shootings
* 1992 Los Angeles riots
* 2020 racial unrest
* 2021 U.S. Capitol attack

Foreign|

* American Revolutionary War
* American-Algerian War (1785-1795)
* Quasi-War
* First Barbary War
* War of 1812
* Second Barbary War
* First Sumatran expedition
* Second Sumatran expedition
* Ivory Coast expedition
* Mexican–American War
* First Fiji expedition
* Second Opium War
* Second Fiji expedition
* Formosa Expedition
* Korean Expedition
* Spanish–American War
* Philippine–American War
* Boxer Rebellion
* Banana Wars
* Border War
* World War I
* Russian Civil War
* World War II
* Korean War
* Bay of Pigs Invasion
* Vietnam War
* Dominican Civil War
* Invasion of Grenada
* Lebanese Civil War
* Invasion of Panama
* Gulf War
* Somali Civil War
* Intervention in Haiti
* Bosnian War
* Kosovo War
* War in Afghanistan
* Iraq War
* War in North-West Pakistan
* First Libyan Civil War
* War against the Islamic State
* Iraq
* Syria
* Cameroon
* Libya
* Yemeni civil war

Related|

* Conflicts in the U.S.
* Wars involving the U.S.
* Timeline of U.S. military operations
* Length of U.S. participation in major wars
* Territorial evolution
* Military history
* History of the Central Intelligence Agency
* Casualties of war
* Peace movement
* List of anti-war organizations
* Conscientious objector
* Cold War
* War on terror
* War crimes

* v
* t
* e

United States Armed Forces

Legend
A = Army
MC = Marine Corps
N = Navy
AF = Air Force
SF = Space Force
CG = Coast Guard

Leadership|

* President of the United States
* Secretary of Defense
* Deputy Secretary of Defense
* Secretary of Homeland Security
* Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security
* Joint Chiefs of Staff:
* Chairman
* Vice Chairman
* Committees on Armed Services
* Senate
* House
* Active duty four-star officers
* Active duty three-star officers
* United States military seniority
* National Security Act of 1947
* Goldwater–Nichols Act

Organization|

| Military departments|

* Department of Defense
* Secretary
* Department of the Army
* Secretary
* Department of the Navy
* Secretary
* Department of the Air Force
* Secretary
* Department of Homeland Security
* Secretary

|

Service branches and heads|

* Chief of Staff of the United States Army
* Commandant of the Marine Corps
* Chief of Naval Operations
* Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force
* Chief of Space Operations
* Commandant of the Coast Guard

Reserve components|

* Reserves:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* CG
* National Guard:
* A
* AF

Civilian auxiliaries|

* Military Auxiliary Radio System
* Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary
* Merchant Marine
* Civil Air Patrol
* Coast Guard Auxiliary

Unified combatant command|

* Africa
* Central
* European
* Indo-Pacific
* Northern
* Southern
* Space
* Cyber
* Special Operations
* Strategic
* Transportation

Structure|

* United States Code
* Title 10
* Title 14
* Title 32
* Title 50
* The Pentagon
* Installations
* Units:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG
* Logistics
* Media
* Unit mottoes

Operations
and history|

| History|

* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG

|

Timeline|

* Colonial
* World War II

By ancestry|

* African Americans
* Asian Americans
* Buddhist Americans
* Jewish Americans
* Muslim Americans
* Sikh Americans
* Hispanic Americans
* Civil War
* Air Force
* Coast Guard
* Marine Corps
* Navy
* Academy

History centers|

* Army Center of Military History
* Marine Corps History Division
* Naval History and Heritage Command
* Air Force Historical Research Agency

War artists|

* Army Art Program
* Air Force Art Program

Personnel|

| Training|

* Service academies:
* A (prep)
* MC/N (prep)
* AF/SF (prep)
* CG
* Merchant Marine
* ROTC
* A
* MC/N
* AF/SF
* Officer candidate/training school:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF/SF
* Warrant officer:
* A
* MEPS
* ASVAB
* The Basic School (MC)
* Enlisted recruit training:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF/SF
* CG
* Other education

|

Uniforms|

* Uniforms:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* Awards & decorations:
* Inter-service
* A
* MC/N
* AF/SF
* CG
* Foreign
* International
* Devices
* Badges:
* Identification
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG

Ranks|

* Officer:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG
* Warrant officers
* Enlisted:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG

Other|

* Oath:
* Enlistment
* Officer
* Creeds & Codes:
* Code of Conduct
* NCO
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* CG
* Service numbers:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* CG
* Military Occupational Specialty/Rating/Air Force Specialty Code
* Pay
* Uniform Code of Military Justice
* Judge Advocate General's Corps
* Military Health System/Tricare
* Separation
* Veterans Affairs
* Conscription
* Chiefs of Chaplains:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* CG

Equipment|

* A (Designations)
* MC:
* vehicles
* weapons
* other
* N
* AF
* CG

| Land|

* Individual weapons
* Crew-served weapons
* Vehicles (active)

|

Sea|

* All watercraft
* Ships:
* A
* N
* active
* future
* AF
* CG
* MSC
* Weapons:
* N
* Reactors

Air|

* Aircraft
* World War I
* active
* Aircraft designation
* Helicopter arms

Other|

* WWII equipment
* Nuclear football
* Electronics (designations)
* Flags:
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG
* Ensign
* Jack
* Guidons
* Food
* WMDs:
* Nuclear
* Biological
* Chemical

* Category
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG
* Navboxes
* A
* MC
* N
* AF
* SF
* CG

* v
* t
* e

Lists of wars involving North American countries

Sovereign states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Canada
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* El Salvador
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States

Dependencies and
other territories

* Anguilla
* Aruba
* Bermuda
* Bonaire
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Curaçao
* Greenland
* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Montserrat
* Puerto Rico
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Saba
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* United States Virgin Islands

* v
* t
* e

List of wars involving the World

* Afghanistan
* Albania
* Algeria
* Angola
* Argentina
* Armenia
* Australia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Belize
* Benin
* Bhutan
* Bolivia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Botswana
* Brazil
* Bulgaria
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Canada
* Central African Republic
* Chad
* Chile
* China
* Colombia
* Comoros
* Costa Rica
* Croatia
* Cuba
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Denmark
* Djibouti
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* Egypt
* El Salvador
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Estonia
* Ethiopia
* Fiji
* Finland
* France
* Gabon
* Gambia
* Georgia
* Germany
* Ghana
* Greece
* Guatemala
* Guinea
* Guinea-Bissau
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Hungary
* Iceland
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Ireland
* Israel
* Italy
* Ivory Coast
* Jamaica
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kenya
* Kosovo
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Latvia
* Lebanon
* Lesotho
* Liberia
* Libya
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Malaysia
* Mali
* Malta
* Mauritania
* Mexico
* Moldova
* Mongolia
* Montenegro
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Myanmar
* Namibia
* Nepal
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Nicaragua
* Niger
* Nigeria
* North Korea
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Panama
* Papua New Guinea
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Qatar
* Republic of the Congo
* Romania
* Russia
* Rwanda
* Saudi Arabia
* Senegal
* Serbia
* Sierra Leone
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* South Sudan
* Spain
* Sri Lanka
* Sudan
* Suriname
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Tajikistan
* Tanzania
* Thailand
* Togo
* Tonga
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Uganda
* Ukraine
* United Arab Emirates
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Uruguay
* Uzbekistan
* Venezuela
* Vietnam
* Yemen
* Zimbabwe
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