Lists of prehistoric fish

See also: Evolution of fish

Haikouichthys, from about 518 million years ago in China, may be the earliest known fish.[1][additional citation(s) needed]

Prehistoric fish are early fish that are known only from fossil records. They are the earliest known vertebrates, and include the first and extinct fish that lived through the Cambrian to the Quaternary. The study of prehistoric fish is called paleoichthyology. A few living forms, such as the coelacanth are also referred to as prehistoric fish, or even living fossils, due to their current rarity and similarity to extinct forms. Fish which have become recently extinct are not usually referred to as prehistoric fish. They were very different from what we have today. They likely were larger and had tougher scales.

Lists of various prehistoric fishes include:

* List of prehistoric jawless fish
* List of placoderms
* List of acanthodians
* List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish
* List of prehistoric bony fish
* List of sarcopterygians

## See also

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* Evolution of fish
* Prehistoric life
* Vertebrate paleontology

## References

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1. ^ Shu, D-G., Conway Morris, S., Han, J.; et al. (January 2003). "Head and backbone of the Early Cambrian vertebrate Haikouichthys". Nature. 421 (6922): 526–529. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..526S. doi:10.1038/nature01264. PMID 12556891. S2CID 4401274.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

## Further reading

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* Janvier, Philippe (1998) Early Vertebrates, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-854047-7
* Long, John A. (1996) The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-5438-5

## External links

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* Fossil Fish

* v
* t
* e

Evolution of fish

* Fish
* Timeline of fish evolution

Forerunners|

* Basal member
* †Pikaia
* Cephalochordate
* †Cathaymyrus
* Lancelet
* Olfactores
* †Haikouella
* Tunicate
* †Myllokunmingiidae? (†Haikouichthys, †Myllokunmingia)
* †Zhongxiniscus?

Jawless fish

| Cyclostomata|

* Hagfish
* Hyperoartia
* Lamprey

|

†Conodonts|

* †Protoconodonta?
* †Paraconodontida
* †Conodonta

†Ostracoderms|

* †Pteraspidomorphi
* †Thelodonti
* †Anaspida
* †Cephalaspidomorphi
* †Galeaspida
* †Pituriaspida
* †Osteostraci

Jawed fish|

| †Placoderms|

* †Antiarchi
* †Arthrodira
* †Brindabellaspida
* †Petalichthyida
* †Phyllolepida
* †Ptyctodontida
* †Rhenanida
* †Acanthothoraci
* †Pseudopetalichthyida?
* †Stensioellida?

|

†Acanthodii|

* †Acanthodiformes
* †"Climatiiformes"
* †Diplacanthiformes
* †Ischnacanthiformes

Cartilaginous|

* Elasmobranchii
* †Ctenacanthiformes
* †Hybodontiformes
* †Phoebodontiformes
* †Xenacanthida
* Ray
* Shark

* Holocephali
* †Eugeneodontida
* †Iniopterygiformes
* †Petalodontiformes
* †Symmoriiformes
* Chimaera

Bony|

| Lobe-finned|

* †Onychodontiformes
* Coelacanth
* Rhipidistia
* †Porolepiformes
* Lungfish
* Tetrapodomorpha

|

Ray-finned|

* †"Palaeonisciformes"

* Cladistia
* Polypteriformes

* Chondrostei
* Acipenseriformes

* Neopterygii
* †Pycnodontiformes
* Halecomorphi
* Ginglymodi
* Teleost

Lists|

* Lists of prehistoric fish
* spiny sharks
* placoderms
* cartilaginous
* bony
* lobe-finned
* List of transitional fossils

Related|

* Prehistoric life
* Transitional fossils
* Vertebrate paleontology

† extinct

* v
* t
* e

Fish

About fish|

* Diversity
* Ethnoichthyology
* Evolution
* Diseases and parasites
* Fishing
* Fisheries
* Environmental impact of fishing
* \- as food
* Fear of -
* FishBase
* Fish kill
* Hypoxia in -
* Ichthyology

Anatomy
and
physiology|

* Age determination
* Anguilliformity
* Bone
* dermal
* intramembranous ossification
* Cleithrum
* Chromatophore
* Fins
* dorsal fin
* Gill
* branchial arch
* gill raker
* gill slit
* pharyngeal arch
* pharyngeal slit
* pseudobranch
* Glossohyal
* Jaw
* hyomandibula
* pharyngeal jaw
* Leydig's organ
* Mauthner cell
* Meristics
* Operculum
* papillare
* Papilla
* Photophore
* Root effect
* Shark cartilage
* Scales
* ganoine
* Spiral valve
* Suckermouth
* Swim bladder
* physoclisti
* physostome
* Teeth
* pharyngeal
* shark
* Teleost leptins
* Digital Library

Sensory
systems|

* Ampullae of Lorenzini
* Barbel
* Hydrodynamic reception
* Electroreception and electrogenesis
* Jamming avoidance response
* Lateral line
* Otolith
* Capacity for pain
* Schreckstoff
* Surface wave detection
* Vision
* Weberian apparatus

Reproduction|

* Bubble nest
* Clasper
* Egg case
* Development
* Ichthyoplankton
* Juvenile
* Life history theory
* Milt
* Mouthbrooder
* Polyandry
* Pregnancy
* Roe
* Sequential hermaphroditism
* Spawning
* triggers

Locomotion|

* Fin and flipper locomotion
* Amphibious
* Walking
* Flying
* Undulatory locomotion
* Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
* RoboTuna

Other
behaviour|

* Aquatic predation
* Aquatic respiration
* Bait ball
* Bottom feeders
* Cleaner fish
* Corallivory
* Diel vertical migration
* Electric fish
* Filter feeders
* Forage fish
* Migratory
* Paedophagy
* Predatory
* Salmon run
* Sardine run
* Scale eaters
* Schooling fish
* Sleep
* Venomous
* Intelligence

By habitat|

* Cave
* Coastal
* Coldwater
* Coral reef
* Deep-sea
* Demersal
* Euryhaline
* Freshwater
* Groundfish
* Pelagic
* Tropical

Other types|

* Bait
* Coarse
* Diversity
* Game
* Genetically modified
* Hallucinogenic
* Oily
* Poisonous
* Rough
* Whitefish

Commerce|

| Farming|

* Carp
* Catfish
* Octopus
* Salmonids
* Tilapia

|

Wild fisheries|

* Predatory
* billfish
* mackerel
* salmon
* tuna
* Forage
* anchovy
* herring
* sardine
* sprats
* Demersal
* cod
* flatfish
* pollock

Major groups|

* Jawless
* hagfish
* lampreys
* Cartilaginous
* chimaeras
* sharks
* rays
* Bony
* spiny-finned
* fleshy-finned

Lists|

* Aquarium life
* Blind
* Fish common names
* Fish families
* Glossary of ichthyology
* Largest
* Smallest
* Threatened
* rays
* sharks
* Prehistoric
* more lists...

* Category
* WikiProject

This article includes a species-related list of lists.
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[†]: Extinct