Malaysia Airlines

Flag carrier of Malaysia

Malaysia Airlines Berhad
Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad

Malaysia Airlines Airbus A350-900

| IATA | ICAO | Call sign

|
|

MH  | MAS  | MALAYSIAN
Founded| 1 May 1947; 78 years ago (1947-05-01)
(as Malayan Airways)
Commenced operations|

* 1 October 1972; 52 years ago (1972-10-01)
(as Malaysian Airline System)
* 1 September 2015; 9 years ago (2015-09-01)
(as Malaysia Airlines Berhad)

Hubs| Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Secondary hubs| Kota Kinabalu International Airport
Focus cities| Kuching International Airport
Frequent-flyer program| Enrich
Alliance| Oneworld[1]
Subsidiaries|

* Amal
* Firefly
* MASwings
* MASkargo

Fleet size| 82[citation needed]
Destinations| 69 [2]
Parent company| Khazanah Nasional Berhad[3][4]
Headquarters| Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
Key people|

* Wan Zulkiflee (Chairman)
* Izham Ismail (CEO)
* Boo Hui Yee (CFO)
* Ahmad Luqman (COO)

Profit|  RM1.099 billion (2023)[5]
Employees| 12,000[6]
Website| www.malaysiaairlines.com

Malaysia Airlines (Malay: Penerbangan Malaysia) is the flag carrier of Malaysia, headquartered at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. The airline flies to destinations across Europe, Oceania and Asia from its main hub at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It was formerly known as Malaysian Airline System (Malay: Sistem Penerbangan Malaysia).

Malaysia Airlines is a part of Malaysia Aviation Group, which also owns two subsidiary airlines: Firefly and MASwings. Malaysia Airlines also owns a freighter division: MASkargo and the religious charter subsidiary, Amal.

Malaysia Airlines traces its history to Malayan Airways Limited, which was founded in Singapore in the 1930s and flew its first commercial flight in 1947. It was then renamed as Malaysian Airways after the formation of the independent country, Malaysia, in 1963. In 1966, after the separation of Singapore, the airline was renamed Malaysia–Singapore Airlines (MSA), before its assets were divided in 1972 to permanently form two separate and distinct national airlines—Malaysian Airline System (MAS, since renamed as Malaysia Airlines) and Singapore Airlines (SIA).[7]

Despite numerous awards from the aviation industry in the 2000s and early 2010s,[8][7] the airline struggled to cut costs to cope with the rise of low-cost carriers (LCCs) in the region since the early 2000s.[9] In 2013, the airline initiated a turnaround plan after large losses beginning in 2011 and cut routes to unprofitable long-haul destinations, such as Los Angeles, Buenos Aires and South Africa.[10] That same year, Malaysia Airlines also began an internal restructuring and intended to sell units such as engineering and pilot training.[10] From 2014 to 2015, the airline declared bankruptcy and was renationalised by the government under a new entity, which involved transferring all operations, including assets and liabilities as well as downsizing the airline.[11][12]

## History

[edit]

### 1947–1963: Malayan Airways

[edit]

Malayan Airways

Malaysia-Singapore Airlines

An initiative[13] by the Alfred Holt's Liverpool-based Ocean Steamship Company, in partnership with the Straits Steamship Company[14] and Imperial Airways, resulted in the incorporation of "Malayan Airways Limited" (MAL) in Singapore on 12 October 1937, but the first paying passengers could be welcomed on board only in 1947, some 10 years later. After the war, MAL was restructured to include just the partnership of Straits Steamship and Ocean Steamship. The airline's first flight was a charter flight from the British Straits Settlement of Singapore to Kuala Lumpur, on 2 April 1947, using an Airspeed Consul twin-engined aircraft.[15] This inaugural flight on the Raja Udang,[16] with only five passengers, departed Singapore's Kallang Airport and was bound for Kuala Lumpur's Sungai Besi Airport. Weekly scheduled flights quickly followed from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, and Penang from 1 May 1947 with the same aircraft type.[17]

The airline continued to expand during the rest of the 1940s and 1950s, as other British Commonwealth airlines, such as BOAC and Qantas Empire Airways, provided technical assistance, as well as assistance in joining the IATA. By 1955, Malayan Airways' fleet had grown to include a large number of Douglas DC-3s, and finally went public in 1957. Other aircraft operated in the first two decades included the Douglas DC-4 Skymaster, Vickers Viscount, Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation, Bristol Britannia, de Havilland Comet 4, and Fokker F27.

### 1963–1972: Rapid expansion, Malaysian Airways, and Malaysia-Singapore Airlines

[edit]

Borneo Airways

Federation Air Service

Malayan Airways regional subsidiaries for its Borneo and Malayan destinations.

Over the next few years, the airline expanded rapidly, boosted by postwar air travel demand when flying became more than a privilege for the rich and famous. By April 1960, the airline was operating Douglas DC-3s, Super Constellations and Viscounts on new routes from Singapore to Hong Kong, and from Kuala Lumpur to Bangkok via Penang. The airline also increased its frequencies from Singapore to cities on the British Borneo, including Brunei, Jesselton (now Kota Kinabalu), Kuching, Labuan, Sandakan, and Sibu.

With the delivery of an 84-seat Bristol Britannia in 1960, the airline launched its first long-haul international flight, to Hong Kong. When Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak formed Malaysia in September 1963, the airline's name was officially from "Malayan Airways" to "Malaysian Airways" concurrent with the arrival of five Fokker F27 in November 1963[18] (though still abbreviated to MAL).[17] MAL also incorporated Borneo Airways, with the brand effectively merged under its parent company by 1 April 1965.

In 1966, following Singapore's separation from the federation, the airline's name was changed again, to Malaysia-Singapore Airlines (MSA).[17] The next year had a rapid expansion in the airline's fleet and routes, including the purchase of MSA's first Boeing aircraft: the Boeing 707s, as well as completion of a new high-rise headquarters in Singapore. Boeing 737s were added to the fleet soon afterwards.

### 1972–1997: Incorporation and international expansion

[edit]

McDonnell Douglas DC-10, the first wide-bodied aircraft operated by the company

The differing needs of the two shareholders, however, led to the break-up of the airline just six years later. The Singapore government preferred to develop the airline's international routes, while the Malaysian government had no choice but to develop the domestic network first before going regional and eventually international. MSA ceased operations in 1972, with its assets split between two new airlines; Malaysian Airline System (MAS), and Singapore Airlines. With the Singapore government determined to develop its airlines' international routes, it took the entire fleet of seven Boeing 707s and five Boeing 737s, which would allow it to continue serving its regional and long-haul international routes. Since most of MSA's international routes were flown out of Singapore, most of the international routes were in the hands of Singapore Airlines. In addition, MSA's headquarters, which was located in Singapore, became the headquarters of that airline.

The initials MSA were well regarded as an airline icon, so both carriers tried to use them. Malaysian went for MAS by just transposing the last two letters and choosing the name Malaysian Airline System, while Singapore originally proposed the name Mercury Singapore Airlines to keep the MSA initials,[19] but changed its mind and went for SIA instead. Acronyms for airline names later became less fashionable, and both carriers then moved on to their descriptive names.

Revenue passenger-kilometers, in millions  Year | Traffic

|

1975  | 1633
1979  | 2825
1981  | 4290
1990  | 11909
1995  | 22558
2000  | 37939

Source: Air Transport World

MAS took all domestic routes within Malaysia and international routes out of that country, as well as the remaining fleet of Fokker F27's. It began flights on 1 October 1972 with 19 aircraft and soon expanded, including introducing flights from Kuala Lumpur to London.[20][21] In that year, MAS operated flights to more than 34 regional destinations and six international services. In 1976, after receiving its DC-10-30 aircraft, MAS scheduled flights to Europe, with initial flights from Kuala Lumpur to Amsterdam, Paris, and Frankfurt. The Boeing 707s were then removed from the fleet.

1980 sees the entry of the Airbus A300B4 fleet which were occasionally deployed to Asian and domestic routes and the addition of additional DC-10s onto the fleet. In 1982 the airline received its first Boeing 747-200 which was used as the carriers long haul flagship.[22]

An economic boom in Malaysia during the 1980s spurred the growth of MAS. By the end of the decade, MAS was flying to 47 overseas destinations, including eight European destinations, seven Oceanian destinations, and American destinations of Los Angeles and Honolulu. In 1993, MAS reached South America when the airline received its first Boeing 747-400 aircraft. MAS became the first airline in Southeast Asia to fly to South America using its Boeing 747 via stopovers in South Africa. MAS also flew to Mexico City for a brief period from 1994 to 1998, with fifth freedom rights to transport passengers from Los Angeles en route from Kuala Lumpur (with a stopover in Tokyo-Narita.)

Further expansion in the fleet were executed by the airline in the 1990s with the short term leasing of the MD-11 fleet. The airline has also begun replacing its Boeing 737-200 and Fokker 27 fleet with the addition of the Boeing 737-400, Boeing 737-500 and Fokker 50. In 1995 the airline received its Airbus A330-300 which effectively replaced the Airbus A300B4 and DC-10-30. A small number of its MD-11, DC-10s and Boeing 747-200 were converted and transferred to its air cargo division Maskargo.[23]

The late 1990s saw MAS' final widebody fleet modernization with the first Boeing 777-200ER aircraft, brand new at the time. This aircraft then became MAS' primary long-haul and medium-haul routes.[24]

### 1997–2005: Financial crisis

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 at Los Angeles International Airport

Prior to the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the airline suffered losses of as much as RM260 million after earning a record-breaking RM333 million profit in the financial year 1996/1997.[25] The airline then introduced measures to bring it back to profitable. For the financial year 1999/2000, the airline cut its losses from RM700 million in 1998/1999 to RM259 million.

The airline plunged into further losses in the following years, however, amounting to RM417 million for the financial year 2000/2001 and RM836 million for the financial year 2001/2002.[25] With these losses, the airline cut many unprofitable routes, such as Brussels, Darwin, Madrid, Munich, and Vancouver. The airline recovered from its losses the following year, achieving its then-highest profit, totalling RM461 million.[26]

In the same year, MAS proceeded with its order of 6 Airbus A380 aircraft to envision a solution for the slot constraints the airline faced with few European routes and to maximise its presence on the kangaroo route.[27]

In 2005, MAS suffered yet another period of unprofitability, reporting a loss of RM1.3 billion. Revenue for the financial period was up by 10.3% or RM826.9 million, compared to the same period for 2004, driven by a 10.2% growth in passenger traffic. International passenger revenue increased by RM457.6 million or 8.4%, to RM5.9 billion, while cargo revenue decreased by RM64.1 million or 4.2%, to RM1.5 billion. Costs increased by 28.8% or RM2.3 billion, amounting to a total of RM 10.3 billion, primarily due to escalating fuel prices. Other cost increases included staff costs, handling and landing fees, aircraft maintenance and overhaul charges, widespread assets unbundling charges, and leases.[28]

Malaysia Airlines Boeing 747-400 Hibiscus Livery in Sydney, 2007

The Malaysian government then appointed Idris Jala as the new CEO of MAS on 1 December 2005, to execute changes in operations and corporate culture. Several weaknesses in airline operations were identified as the causes of the RM1.3 billion loss. The most substantial factor in the losses was fuel costs. For the period, the total fuel cost was RM3.5 billion, representing a 40.4% increase compared to the same period in 2004. Total fuel cost increases comprised RM977.8 million due to higher fuel prices and another RM157.6[28] million due to additional consumption. In the third quarter, fuel costs were RM1.26 billion, compared to the RM1.01 billion in the corresponding period in 2004, resulting in a 24.6% increase or RM249.3 million.[28]

Another factor for the losses was poor revenue management. MAS substantially lagged its peers on yield. Some of this gap was due to differences in traffic mix,[29] with less business traffic to and from Malaysia than to and from Singapore, but much of it was due to weaknesses in pricing and revenue management, sales and distribution, brand presence in foreign markets, and alliance base. Moreover, MAS had one of the lowest labour costs per available seat kilometre (ASK) at US$0.41, compared to other airlines such as Cathay Pacific and Singapore Airlines at $0.59 and S$0.60,[29] respectively. Despite low labour costs, however, the ratio of ASK revenue to this cost was, at 2.8, much lower than Singapore Airlines, where the ratio is 5.0, and slightly higher than Thai Airways[29] Other factors were listed in the later-revealed business turnaround plan (BTP) of Malaysia Airlines, all leading to the net loss of RM1.3 billion in 2005.

### 2006–2010: Recovery from unprofitability

[edit]

Firefly

MASwings

In 2007, Malaysia Airlines established two subsidiaries: Firefly, which now operates as a low-cost carrier and MASwings, which focuses on rural air services. In 2019, Malaysia Airlines also launched Amal, a subsidiary specializing in Hajj and Umrah travel.[30][31]

Under the leadership of Idris Jala, MAS launched its BTP (Business Turnaround Plan) in 2006, developed using the Government-linked Company Transformation Manual as a guide. Under the various initiatives, launched together with the BTP, Malaysia Airlines switched from losses to profitability between 2006 and 2007. When the BTP came to an end, the airline posted a record profit of RM853 million (US$265 million) in 2007, ending a series of losses since 2005. The result exceeded the target of RM300 million by 184%.[32]

Route rationalising was also the major contributors to the airline's return to profitability. MAS pared its domestic routes from 114 to 23, and also cancelled virtually all unprofitable international routes. It has handed off its turboprop fleet to airasia which was then tasked to handle the rural air service. It also rescheduled all of its flight timings and changed its operations model from point-to-point services to hub-and-spoke services. Additionally, the airline started Project Omega and Project Alpha to improve the company's network and revenue management. Emphasis has been placed on six areas - pricing, revenue management, network scheduling, opening storefronts, low-season strategy, and distribution management. MAS then pushed for new aircraft purchases, using its cash surplus of RM5.3 billion to eventually purchase new narrow- and wide-body aircraft.[33] The first of such aircraft purchases were the order of 55 Boeing 737-800 which were meant to effectively replaced the airlines ageing Boeing 737-400.[34]

In 2007 the airline took back east Malaysia's rural air service (RAS) operation and former turboprop aircraft which were then crippled by Airasia's subsidiary Fly Asian Express due to its inexperience. Malaysia airlines instead launched its own subsidiary MASwings to handle the rural air service and Firefly to start commercial operations in Subang airport. Malaysia Airlines former Fokker 50's were gradually replaced by the airlines order of ATR-72-500 from the year 2008 onwards.[35]

Due to Idris Jala's appointment to the cabinet in August 2009, Tengku Azmil Zahruddin took over as the airline's new CEO.[36] In December that year, MAS announced the purchase of 15 new Airbus A330 aircraft, with options for another 10. Expected to be delivered between 2011 and 2016, they are intended to operate on medium-haul routes to eastern Asia, Australia, and the Middle East. The airline's plans are to run the Airbus A380 planes, which were then introduced into service in 2012, on long-haul routes along with the Boeing 777s, the A330s on medium-haul routes, and Boeing 737 aircraft on short-haul routes.[37]

### 2011–2014: Third unprofitability, 2014 aircraft losses, bankruptcy

[edit]

A former Malaysia Airlines Airbus A380-800, which entered the fleet in 2012.

MAS recorded a net loss of RM2.52 billion in 2011, which was the largest in its company history, due to rising fuel costs.[38] A major restructuring led to the appointment of a new CEO, Ahmad Jauhari Yahya, in September 2011. One of the first initiatives to stop the losses was a rationalisation of the network. The company suspended services to Surabaya, Karachi, Dubai, Dammam[39] and Johannesburg.

With the delivery of the Airbus A380-800, the airline has also begun to retire its remaining Boeing 747-400s in 2012.[40] Also retired were the older generation Airbus A330s and Boeing 737-400s by the end of 2014.[41]

In February 2013, MAS reported a net profit of RM51.4 million for the fourth quarter. The airline's improved financial performance that year was mainly attributable to its route rationalisation programme, which had an overall 8% reduction in ASK. This was matched by a marginal 1% reduction in revenue to RM13.76bil in 2012 and seat factor holding at 74.5%. The reduced ASK also helped MAS register a corresponding 14% decrease in expenditures.[42]

The airline struggled to cut costs to compete with a wave of new, low-cost carriers in the region. The airline lost RM443.4 million (US$137.4 million) in the first quarter of 2014.[43] The second quarter—the first in the aftermath of the disappearance of Flight 370 – had a loss of RM307.04 million (US$97.6 million), which represented a 75% increase over losses from second-quarter 2013.[44] As a result, MAS has not made a profit since 2010.[44] In the previous three years, the airline had booked losses of RM1.17 billion ($356 million) in 2013, RM433 million in 2012, and RM2.5 billion in 2011.[45] Industry analysts expect MAS to lose further market share and face a challenging environment to stand out from competitors while addressing their financial plight.[45] The company's stock, down as much as 20% following the disappearance of Flight 370, had fallen 80% over the previous five years, which contrasts with a rise in the Malaysian stock market of about 80% over the same period.[46] A month after the disappearance, CEO Ahmad Jauhari Yahya acknowledged that ticket sales had declined, but did not provide details. This may have partially resulted from the suspension of the airline's advertising campaigns following the disappearance. In China, where the majority of Flight 370 victims were from, bookings on Malaysia Airlines were down 60% in March.[46] He said he was not sure when the airline could start repairing its image, but that the airline was adequately insured to cover the financial loss stemming from the incident.[43][45] In August, the airline warned of poor second-half earnings, citing a 33% decline in average weekly bookings following the loss of Flight 17.[44] Media reported that some flights were largely empty and that the airline had slashed prices well below competitors on several key routes.[46][47]

Malaysia Airlines Boeing 737-800 sporting the 2010-2017 livery

Prior to the shootdown of Flight 17, many analysts and the media suggested that Malaysia Airlines would need to rebrand and repair its image and/or require government assistance to return to profitability.[48][49][50][51][52] On 8 August, trading in the company's stock was temporarily suspended when Khazanah Nasional—the majority shareholder (69.37%)[53] and a Malaysian state-run investment arm—requested that MAS' Board of Directors undertake a selective capital reduction exercise (e.g. buyback or cancel stock of other shareholders);[54] Khazanah announced it will spend RM1.38 billion (US$431 million; 27 sen per share) to compensate minority shareholders (a 12.5% premium of 7 August closing price).[55][56][57] At the time, Khazanah Nasional did not announce much about its plans for the airline except that the airline had "substantial funding requirements"[55] and that a "comprehensive review and restructuring"[55] was needed.

On 29 August, Khazanah released a report, "Rebuilding a National Icon: The MAS Recovery Plan",[58] which outlines their plan for the restructuring of MAS and the process of completing the takeover. About 6,000 jobs (about 30% of MAS's workforce) will be eliminated and the carrier's route network will be shrunk to focus on regional destinations rather than unprofitable long-haul routes.[59] Khazanah had plans to delist the airline from Malaysia's stock exchange by the end of 2014 and to return it to profitability by late 2017, relisting the airline by 2018 or 2019.[59] On the business/legal side, Khazanah intended to transfer the relevant operations, assets, and liabilities of Malaysian Airline System Berhad into a new company (no name given in documents) by July 2015.[58]: 2

### 2015–2020: Renationalisation, restructuring, and rebranding

[edit]

A Malaysia Airlines Airbus A350-900 spotting the current livery in use since 2017.

In January 2015, the airline was declared "technically bankrupt".[60] In May 2015, it was announced that the airline would be transferred to a newly founded Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAB) by 1 September 2015, with the rebranding of the airline also commencing the same day. The new company commanded a heavily reduced workforce and adjusted route network with a focus on Asia, according to its newly appointed CEO, Christoph Mueller. He also announced that Malaysia Airlines would be putting of its Airbus A380s up for sale.[61]

Four months later, MAB announced that they would add four new Airbus A350-900 aircraft to their fleet from the end of 2017 to the middle of 2018. The aircraft were to be leased from Air Lease Corporation.[62] The airline also expected to add two more A350-900 and two Airbus A330-900 aircraft in the future.[63] MAB then announced that it was set to undergo a brand overhaul involving a new name, logo and livery for its aircraft, with the changes to be unveiled on an unspecified date.[64]

The airline has also started the retirement of the Boeing 777-200 fleet, with the last aircraft leaving in the year 2016. The route renationalisation and trimming of many long haul routes had made the aircraft inefficient to be deployed on the airline's medium haul routes, which were then already served by the Airbus A330-300.[65][66]

In January 2016, the airline introduced a policy of not serving alcohol on flights of less than three hours.[67] While the move was unpopular with many travellers, the airline stated that its actions were in response to the preference of the majority of customers.[68]

In April 2016, CEO Christoph Mueller resigned from his post after less than a year of leading the carrier's reorganisation efforts, citing "changing personal circumstances." Mueller initially planned to continue as CEO until September 2016 and stay on the airline's board as a nonexecutive director to oversee the transition to a new CEO.[69] It was announced that Peter Bellew would become the new chief with effect from 1 July 2016,[70] effectively shortening Mueller's tenure by a further two months.

In April 2017, Malaysia Airlines announced that the airline's entire fleet would be tracked with the satellite flight-tracking system.[71][72]

In October 2017, an unexpected announcement was made involving Malaysia Airlines CEO Peter Bellew's return to Ryanair as chief operations officer to help fix pilot problems. Bellew had worked as a flight operations director at Ryanair until 2014. Bellew's decision to leave Malaysia Airlines came just over a year after former chief executive Christoph Mueller left the airline, citing personal circumstances after being hired on a three-year mission to revive the state-controlled firm.[73] The appointment of Mueller's replacement, Captain Izham Ismail, who served as the airline's chief operating officer prior to the appointment, was announced a few days later.[74]

November 2017 saw the arrival of the Airbus A350 and Airbus A330-200 which were leased onto the fleet. The brand new Airbus A350s were essentially used to replace the Airbus A380 on the airline's small long haul route network while the second hand Airbus A330-200 were deployed as interim aircraft for certain medium to long haul routes.[75][76] With this the A380s were instead deployed to Narita and Seoul.[77]

In 2019 the airline launched Project Amal (Hope) which was a special hajj umrah charter for Muslim pilgrims utilising the airline's fleet of Airbus A380 aircraft.[78][79][80]

### 2020–2025: COVID-19 pandemic, fourth unprofitability, turnaround, and ongoing management crisis

[edit]

On 6 April 2020, the Malaysian private equity firm Golden Skies Ventures reportedly made an offer of US$2.5 billion to take over Malaysia Airlines during the COVID-19 pandemic.[81] The pandemic also resulted in the airline grounding most of its Boeing 737 aircraft.[82]

In October 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysia Airlines needed about RM1 billion of capital annually if the government intended to sustain its operations under the current structure.[83] The airline also decided to retire and return all 6 of its grounded Airbus A380 aircraft to Airbus in 2023 as the viability to operate the double decker fleet became difficult as grounding persisted.[84]

In 2022, the airline improved its financial margin through restructuring. It switched a majority of its passenger aircraft in year of Q2 2020 to Q1 2022 into cargo flights, leveraging on its ability to support the disrupted supply chain system in Asia.[85][86] The Airline also undertook multiple foreign repatriation missions, transporting stranded citizens[87] back to their home countries along with flying medical equipment and vaccines.[88][89][90] In the same year, the airline reported a net profit of RM1.15 billion in the fourth quarter of 2022 with its total net loss reduced to RM344 million from RM1.65 billion a year ago.[91]

In 2023, as a result of positive cash flow, Malaysia's sovereign wealth fund Khazanah Nasional Berhad decided it would hold on to its sole ownership of the airline until further notice. Credit lines predicted to alleviate the airline's burden were also underutilised in year 2021–2022. The sovereign fund planned to reduce its stakes on Malaysia Airlines and to allow the airline to seek strategic partnership with an international operator post 2025.[92]

In August 2023, the airline experienced issues with its primary inflight caterer BRAHIM in Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Contract disputes since the pandemic had brought both parties to non agreeable terms in regards to renewal. As a result, the airline halted a majority of its inflight hot meal services in September for flights originating from Kuala Lumpur.[93] The airline has since reintegrated hot meal services from various caterers by stages and had restored most of them by November.[94]

In November 2023, the airline has stated that it expects to reach full net profit for the whole year of 2023 with full break even in its entirety. The airline cited improved yields, balanced sheets and a constant positive cash flow as a result of its restructuring efforts along with the return of global travel demand post pandemic.[95] The airline has also began recommitting its narrowbody and widebody aircraft renewal program.[96]

In March 2024, Malaysia Aviation Group has confirmed that Malaysia Airlines and its subsidiaries has reached full net profit for year 2023. A profit after tax and interest (NIAT) of RM766 million was announced over year 2022 net loss of RM344 million.[97]

Since August 2024, Malaysia Airlines faces criticism and trust lost over its management, which caused multiple technical issues, safety concerns and alleged staff poaching.[98] The managing director of the group Datuk Captain Izham bin Ismail has criticized the Aviation industry's original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) for global parts shortage and poor quality control of aircraft parts.[99] The airline also faced significant delays involving aircraft deliveries from both Airbus and Boeing. The airline was originally scheduled to receive 4 Airbus A330neo[100] and 9 Boeing 737 MAX[101] by Q4 2024 but the airline has only received 5 from Boeing[102] and 1 from Airbus[103] in total. The delays has resulted in setbacks involving network strategy and planned aircraft renewal.[104]

In February 2025, the airline has cautioned that it is operating back in the red for year 2024. This is due to ongoing staff attrition and OEM supply chain issues which has resulted in the airline having to cut back 18% of its scheduled flights from August to December 2024.[105]Malaysia Aviation Group has announced that for FY 2024, Malaysia Airlines and its subsidiaries have recorded a small net profit of RM54mil, its third consecutive year of positive operating results.[106]

## Corporate affairs

[edit]

### Head office

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines has its headquarters and registered office on the first floor of Administration Building, South Support Zone at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Sepang, in the Klang Valley region.[107]

Previously the airline headquarters were on the third floor of the MAS Administrative Complex at Subang Airport,[108][109] in Subang.[110] Prior to the construction of the Kuala Lumpur MAS headquarters, the airline rented space in the UMBC headquarters.[111] The airline had a permanent corporate headquarters in the Bangunan MAS,[112] a 34-story[110][111] building it owned along Jalan Sultan Ismail.[111][110] In 2005 The Star said that the building was "reported to be worth between RM300mil and RM350mil."[111]

In 2006, the airline moved its head office from the Kuala Lumpur building to the former headquarters in Subang.[110] Channel News Asia stated that the airline had been "forced" to sell the former headquarters.[113]

In 2010, Permodalan Nasional Berhad purchased Bangunan MAS from the airline. The new owners planned to remodel the building, by installing a five-star hotel apartment block and upgrade the offices to Grade A++.[114]

### Subsidiaries

[edit]

Some of the subsidiaries include:

Company | Type | Principal activities | Incorporated in | Group's equity shareholding

|
|
|
|

Malaysia Airlines Cargo Sdn. Bhd | Subsidiary | Cargo | Malaysia | 100%
GE Engine Services Malaysia | Associate | Engine Overhaul | Malaysia | 30%
MASwings Sdn. Bhd. | Subsidiary | Airline | Malaysia | 100%
Firefly Sdn. Bhd. | Subsidiary | Airline | Malaysia | 100%
MAB Engineering[115] | Subsidiary | Maintenance Repair and Operations (MRO) | Malaysia | 100%
Malaysian Aerospace Engineering Sdn Bhd | Subsidiary | Maintenance Repair and Operations (MRO) | Malaysia | 55.39%[116]
MAB Academy (MABA)[117] | Subsidiary | Training Centre | Malaysia | 100%
Abacus Distribution Systems (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd | Subsidiary | Computer reservation system | Malaysia | 80%
Taj Madras Flight Kitchen Limited | Associate | Catering | India | 20%
MAS Awana Services Sdn Bhd | Subsidiary | Catering and cabin handling services | Malaysia | 60%
AeroDarat Services Sdn Bhd | Subsidiary | Ground Handling | Malaysia | 100%
Brahim's Airline Catering, formerly known as LSG Sky Chefs | Associate | Catering, cabin handling and cleaning services | Malaysia | 30%

### Financial highlights

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines experienced a RM1.25 billion loss in 2005. In 2006, the Business Turnaround Plan was introduced to revive the airline. At the end of the airline's turnaround program, in financial year 2007, Malaysia Airlines gained RM851 million net profit: a swing of RM987 million compared to RM134 million in losses in 2006, marking the national carrier's highest-ever profit in its sixty-year history. The achievement was recognised as the world's best airline-turnaround story in 2007, with Malaysia Airlines being awarded the Phoenix award by Penton Media's Air Transport World.[118]

Malaysia Airlines financial highlights[119] Year ended | Revenue
(RM '000) | Expenditure
(RM '000) | Profit/(Loss) after tax
(RM '000) | Shareholders fund
(RM '000) | EPS after tax
(cents)

|
|
|
|
|

31 March 2002 | 8,864,385 | 8,872,391 | 336,531 | 2,562,841 | 38.7
31 March 2003 | 8,780,820 | 8,591,157 | 461,143 | 3,023,984 | 36.8
31 March 2004 | 11,364,309 | 11,046,764 | 326,079 | 3,318,732 | 26.0
31 December 2005 | 9,181,338 | 10,434,634 | (1,251,603) | 2,009,857 | (100.2)
31 December 2006 | 13,407,240 | 13,641,880 | (133,737) | 1,873,425 | (10.9)
31 December 2007 | 15,232,741 | 14,404,400 | 852,743 | 3,934,893 | 58.1
31 December 2008 | 15,570,141 | 15,299,234 | 271,795 | 4,119,822 | 14.6
31 December 2009 | 11,605,511 | 12,288,452 | 522,948 | 699,693 | 25.3
31 December 2010 | 13,585,559 | 13,485,355 | 237,346 | 3,524,166 | 7.2
31 December 2011 | 13,901,421 | 16,485,693 | (2,521,325) | 1,042,508 | (75.5)
31 December 2012 | 13,756,411 | 14,162,738 | (430,738) | 2,123,144 | (6.1)
31 December 2013 | 15,121,204 | 16,314,775 | (1,168,839) | 4,033,923 | (8.7)

### Branding

[edit]

From the late 1990s until 2007, Malaysia Airlines used the slogan "Going Beyond Expectations" to brand itself internationally.[120] In 2008, the new branding strategy slogan became "More than just an airline code. MH is Malaysian Hospitality", to emphasise the hospitality of its cabin crew instead of the airline's network and cabin classes.[121]

Since 2013, the airline has been using the slogan "Journeys are made by people you travel with". However, with the onset of Flight 370 and Flight 17, the airline has used a number of slogans including "#keepflying" and "#flyinghigh".[122] A new slogan, "Malaysian Hospitality Begins With Us", was unveiled in 2018.[123]

In 2024, Malaysia Airlines has begun to incorporate a new slogan, which is "Your Gateway to Asia and Beyond" that can be seen on its official website.[124]

#### Corporate image

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines flight attendant

Malaysia Airlines introduced the Sarong Kebaya design on 1 March 1986[125] for female flight attendants. It was designed by the School of Fashion at Mara Institute of Technology (Malay: Institut Teknologi Mara) and later known as Mara University of Technology (Malay: Universiti Teknologi Mara). The batik material depicts the "kelarai" motif, which is a bamboo weave pattern. It appears in the background in subdued hues of the basic uniform colour. Superimposed on the "kelarai" motif is a mixture of Malaysian flora, such as the cempaka, jasmine and the leaves of the hibiscus. The geometric Sarawakian motif is used for the lapels of the baju, edges of sleeves and the "sarong". In January 1993, the colours of the batik were enhanced to complement the colour of the new uniform. The male flight attendants wear grey colour jackets.[126]

#### Corporate logo

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines latest logo introduced in 2023 with 2017 livery

The history of the airline started in 1937, when Malayan Airways Limited was registered as a company. Flying operations started in 1947, with the aircraft bearing the symbol of a winged tiger. A new logo was introduced with the formation of Malaysia-Singapore Airlines in 1966, featuring the initials of the airline's name, MSA.[127][128]

In 1971, MSA split into two airlines, each with its own policies and objectives, leading to the birth of Malaysia's flag carrier, Malaysian Airline System (MAS). The name was chosen because, in abbreviated form, MAS (as in EMAS) in Malay means gold, to symbolise quality service. A corporate logo based on the wau bulan (moon kite) was eventually adopted in the following years.

A new corporate logo designed by Dato' Johan Ariff of Johan Design Associates was introduced on 15 October 1987, retaining the essence of the moon kite, now with a sheared swept-back look painted in red (top) and blue (bottom).[129] Along with the new corporate logo, a new type style – MALAYSIA, was created. It is italicised to slant parallel with the logo to accentuate speed as well as direction. Within this corporate typestyle, the letters M, A and S bear red clippings to denote the initials of the statutory name of the airline, Malaysian Airline System (MAS). The introduction of blue to the original red logo has national significance.[130]

Beginning 2010, all of Malaysia Airlines' new Airbus A330 and Boeing 737 aircraft sport the new standard airline livery featuring two strips of red and blue emerging from the bottom of the fuselage. The wau bulan on the tail was also refreshed. Although still featuring a sheared swept-back look with its colours in red and blue, its tails have been extended to appear twinned. Moreover, the airline's name on the fuselage is presented in full unlike before and it is entirely blue.[131]

In 2012, the corporate logo of red and blue wau bulan was refreshed. The new wau bulan faces right, as it did in the original 1971 logo, and its tails have been extended. Initially, the airline settled for an all blue wau bulan but it has since reverted it to its red and blue form. The wordmark has also been modernised with a new typeface and the word "airlines" is now presented in lowercase.[132] That same year, the airline also unveiled a new and exclusive livery for its Airbus A380 fleet to highlight the flagship carrier of the airline. It features an all-blue wau bulan on the tail and strip of blue ribbon on the fuselage and engines, the airline's name is entirely in blue as well.[133] Also in the same year a special retro livery scheme was painted on one B737-800 9M-MXA. The aircraft sports a rendition of the 1970s Malaysia Airlines System paint scheme to commemorate the airlines 40 year anniversary.[134] A Boeing 747-400 was also painted in the same retro scheme in 2016.[135]

In 2017, the airline introduced a special paint scheme 'Negaraku' on one Boeing 737.[136] Initially a special paint scheme on few selected aircraft, it is now in the process of being integrated as the standard livery across the entire fleet.[137] This livery has the Malaysian flag painted across the aft section of the aircraft's fuselage and symbolizes Malaysia's rich heritage culture and also modifies the corporate wau bulan logo on the tail section of the aircraft.

In 2023, an updated rendition of the standard Negaraku livery was unveiled on the upcoming Airbus A330-900 by Airbus.[138] The same updated paint scheme is also incorporated on the Boeing 737 MAX 8 fleet.[139] The updated paint has the songket motif embedded on the wau bulan logo showcasing vibrant colors from Malaysia's traditional textiles. The airline also revised the corporate name font type appearance along with adjusting the wau bulan's angle.

### Alliance

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines A330-300 negaraku now in Oneworld Livery

In August 2011, Malaysia Airlines agreed to collaborate with AirAsia through a share swap. The share swap between Malaysia Airlines' major shareholder and that of AirAsia was later undone in May 2012 due to resistance from certain quarters of its staff.[140]

On 1 February 2013, Malaysia Airlines became a member of the Oneworld alliance, thus adding 16 new destinations into the alliance's map. Malaysia Airlines would now be able to fly its passengers to over 842 destinations across 156 countries.[141]

## Destinations

[edit]

Main article: List of Malaysia Airlines destinations

Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 in Cape Town, South Africa. It was the only Southeast Asian airline that served South Africa and South America until 2012. The aircraft featured here, 9M-MRO, disappeared in 2014 as Flight 370.

Before the introduction of the BTP in 2006, Malaysia Airlines operated 118 domestic routes within Malaysia and 114 international routes across six continents.[29] Under the Business Turnaround Plan, numerous routes were axed and frequencies reduced. Among these routes are Manchester, Vienna, Fukuoka, Chengdu, Nagoya, Xi'an, Cairo, Kolkata, Ahmedabad and Zürich. Malaysia Airlines became the first airline in Southeast Asia to fly to post-apartheid South Africa, and was the only airline in Southeast Asia to serve South America via South Africa until 2012. Prior to the 2014 aircraft losses, it had further suspended services to Cape Town, Rome, Dammam, Karachi, Surabaya, Johannesburg and Los Angeles.[142][143] After the removal of the destinations such as Istanbul, Amsterdam, Paris and Frankfurt, its only remaining European destination is London (Heathrow),[144] however, it is expected to recommence flights to Paris (Charles de Gaulle) from Kuala Lumpur on 22 March 2025.[145][146] The airline's last flight to Paris was in 2016.[147]

Malaysia Airlines also owns its own charter flight division. Malaysia Airlines' charter flights have flown to destinations around the world, such as Guilin, which was previously one of Malaysia Airlines' scheduled destinations, and Christmas Island. Malaysia Airlines has also been the official airline for the Manchester United Asian Tour[148] It also has a substantial Hajj operation.

In 2023, as part of its restructuring and network overhaul Malaysia Airlines has begun transferring a few of its domestic flights to its subsidiary Firefly. The transfer would take several phases. The airline however will retain core trunk domestic routes.[149]

### Codeshare agreements

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines codeshares with the following airlines:[150]

* Air Mauritius[151]
* Alaska Airlines
* American Airlines[152]
* Bangkok Airways
* British Airways[153]
* Cathay Pacific
* China Airlines[154]
* China Southern Airlines[155]
* Emirates
* Ethiopian Airlines[156]
* Finnair
* Firefly (Subsidiary) [157]
* Garuda Indonesia
* IndiGo[158]
* Japan Airlines[159]
* KLM
* Korean Air
* LATAM Chile[160]
* Myanmar Airways International[161]
* Oman Air[162]
* Philippine Airlines
* Qatar Airways
* Royal Brunei Airlines
* Royal Jordanian
* Saudia[163]
* Singapore Airlines[164]
* SriLankan Airlines
* Thai Airways International
* Turkish Airlines[165]
* Uzbekistan Airways[166]
* XiamenAir

### Interline agreements

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines has interline agreements with the following airlines:[citation needed]

* Airnorth[167][better source needed]
* APG Airlines[168][better source needed]
* Hahn Air[169][better source needed]
* KTX (railway)[170]
* Pakistan International Airlines[171][better source needed]

## Fleet

[edit]

Main article: Malaysia Airlines fleet

The first batch of Malaysia Airlines' A330-900 registered as 9M-MNG touching down

As of 23 April 2025, Malaysia Airlines has a total of 81 aircraft in its fleet.[citation needed] The fleet consist of Boeing 737-800, Boeing 737 MAX 8, Airbus A330-200, Airbus A330-300, Airbus A330-900, [172] and the Airbus A350-900.[173] The airline also operates three A330-200F via its subsidiary MASkargo.[174]

Malaysia Airlines received their first out of six lease of Airbus A350-900 on 30 November 2017.[175] This order came due to the retirement of their previous long haul airframe, Boeing 777-200ER majorly due to its tainted reputation with MH370 and MH17 incidents 4 months apart in 2014.[176][173] These airframes became the current flagship of Malaysia Airlines and frequently deployed to long haul destinations such as London and Doha.[177][178] The airline received their sixth airframe back in 2018[179] and recently added one more unit, previously operated by SAS in December 2023.[180] This occasion signifying the airline requirement in seeking to lease 4 additional A350-900 to the initial six unit for fleet expansion.[181]

In August 2022, Malaysia Airlines confirmed it would take delivery of an initial order of 20 Airbus A330neo aircraft, with purchase options for an additional 20, to gradually replace its A330-200 and A330-300 aircraft between Q3 2023 and 2028 for flights across Asia, the Pacific and the Middle East.[182][183] The deliveries are set to be split between 10 direct purchases and 10 leases from Ireland's Avolon.[184] The airline is expected to make a decision on Q1 2024 regarding its subsequent optional for another additional 20 frames orders on the A330neo from Airbus.[185]

The airline has ordered 25 Boeing 737 MAX 8 with the first aircraft entering in Q4 2023.[186]

On 30 November 2024, Malaysia Airline received its inaugural Airbus A330-900 (A330neo) aircraft, the first of many similar aircraft as part of the modernization strategy by the airline. The aircraft made a 13-hour flight from Airbus Delivery Centre in Toulouse, France and touched down at Kuala Lumpur International Airport with a traditional water cannon salute.[187] Subsequently, Malaysia Airlines announced that the first flight for its A330neo fleet will service Melbourne beginning 19 December 2024.[188]

In 2025, Malaysia Airlines has expanded its fleet acquisition with the announcement order of 18 Boeing 737 MAX 8, 12 Boeing 737 MAX 10 and 20 more Airbus A330neo.[189][190]Plans to expand and replace its A350 and A330 freighter fleet are also planned.[191]

## Services

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines' First Class Golden Lounge at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, after renovation. It was rebranded as the Business Suite Golden lounge on 12 December 2018.

The Golden Lounge is the airport lounge for Malaysia Airlines Business Suite Class, Business Class passengers and Enrich Platinum and Enrich Gold, eligible Oneworld and code-share partner members.

In April 2008, the airline launched its new Regional Golden Lounge at Kuala Lumpur International Airport for regional-bound front-end passengers. With this new lounge, Malaysia Airlines at Kuala Lumpur International Airport now has three lounges: the Satellite International Terminal Lounge, Domestic Lounge and Regional Lounge.

Between May 2017 and February 2018, Malaysia Airlines conducted an extensive renovation that saw all three lounges at Kuala Lumpur International Airport progressively refurnished and remodelled. The renovation saw completion with the re-opening of the Satellite International Lounge in March 2018.[192]

With the closure of its sole international Golden Lounge in London, Heathrow, the airline currently only has lounges at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Former domestic lounges in Kota Kinabalu, Kuching have been sold to third party operators with access still given to higher Enrich OneWorld frequent flyers and Business Class passengers.[193]

### Cabin

[edit]

The airline received the "World's Best Cabin Crew" award by Skytrax in 2012, bringing home the international accolade eight times since 2001. All of Malaysia Airlines' aircraft have an economy and a business class section, whilst Business Suite class is only present on Airbus A350 aircraft. [194]

#### Business Suite Class

[edit]

Source:[195]

Malaysia Airlines Business Suite on the Airbus A350. Seat type to be removed after 2025.

Business Suite Class (previously known as First Class) is offered only on the Airbus A350. Provided by Thompson Aero based on the Vantage XL lineup the seats were customized to feature four fully enclosed suites with doors, and storage cabinets along the sides of the seats.[196] Business Suite will be discontinued gradually in 2025 as the airline favors focusing on improving Business Class offering on the upcoming A330-900 and A350-900.

#### Business Class

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines Thompson Vantage Business Class Seats that are installed on the Airbus A330-300 and A350-900 fleet

Business Class (previously known as Golden Club Class) is available on all of Malaysia Airlines' fleet.

As of 2024, Malaysia Airlines have three different variants of business class seating based on the aircraft type and the route serviced.

* The domestic and regional business class seat introduced in 2022 based on the Safran's Z600 series, which can be found in Malaysia Airlines' Boeing 737-800 and Boeing 737- Max 8 fleet [197]
* Medium and Long-haul business class seat introduced in 2016 based on Thompson Aero Vantage series. They are fully lie-flat seats configured in (1-2-1/1-2-2) across the Airbus A330-300 and the Airbus A350 fleet.[198]
* The latest iteration of Malaysia Airline's business class offering is based on the Collins Aerospace Elevation platform, introduced in 2024. The seats will be configured in reverse herringbone design, in their new Airbus A330neo fleet. The Airbus A350 will also undergo cabin reconfiguration to have their seats updated.[199] Featuring individual doors and direct isle access, the seats are equipped with wireless charging for personal devices and are equipped with modern personal inflight entertainment system.[200]

In 2023, following the acquisition of additional A350 from SAS into the fleet, the airline has retained the business class seating based on the Thompson Aero Vantage XL platform.[201]

#### Economy Class

[edit]

Airbus A350-900 economy class extra legroom (front) and economy class standard (rear).

Economy Class is available on all of Malaysia Airlines' fleet. Most of the fleet, including the Airbus A350-900, Airbus A330-300,-200, Boeing 737 MAX 8 and Boeing 737-800 features a seat pitch of 30–32 inches and width of 17–18 inches.[202] Few row of seats are configured with extra legroom of up to 36inches for the A330 and A350 fleet.[203][204]

In 2022, the airline has begun introducing a lighter more slimline seat for the narrowbody Boeing 737 fleet based on the Safran z110i lineup which features USB A and C charging. Personal in-flight entertainment is also replaced in favour of wireless entertainment content streaming provided by Viasat to be used on passengers personal devices.[205]

Malaysia Airlines has unveiled a new economy class product to be featured on the airline's upcoming A330-900. It is based on Recaro's CL3810 lineup and feature a multitude of convenience features such as USB-C charging and WiFi connectivity.. Throughout the cabin, the seat covers will feature the signature songket motif.[200] The same cabin will also extended to the A350 fleet once a refurbishment program commences in late 2025.

#### 'Baby ban' and 'child-free zone'

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines has attracted both criticism and praise for its controversial decision to prohibit children from travelling in certain classes or cabins of its aircraft.

Infants are not permitted in First Class on Malaysia Airlines' Airbus A380s due to the non-availability of baby bassinets in the cabin.[206] Then-CEO Tengku Azmil Zahruddin explained the policy, saying the airline received complaints from First Class passengers that they "spend money on first class and can't sleep due to crying infants".[207]

Malaysia Airlines subsequently claimed that an upgrade of the First Class cabin to fit new seats and an ottoman (which doubles as a visitor seat) meant "there was no facility for positioning bassinets in the First Class of the 747s".[208] Malaysia Airlines has also stated that children under the age of 12 may not travel in the 70-seat upper deck economy section of the A380. "The economy seats on upper level will be allocated for business travellers. Passengers accompanying children under 12 years old age will be excluded from booking these seats."[209]

Malaysia Airlines says the decision "is to showcase the Economy Class zone in the main deck, enhanced and designated as a family and children friendly inflight zone. From the perspective of customers travelling with their families, the economy class family-friendly convenience would be a warm welcome. The main deck has more facilities such as toilets (8 for economy configuration of 350 seats) and the dual aerobridge airport facility supporting this deck will also mean a speedier/faster embarkation and disembarkation for this group of passengers."[210]

### In-flight entertainment

[edit]

#### MH Studio

[edit]

In 2023, Malaysia Airlines has begun introducing a new system called MH Studio which is a derivative of the Select in-flight entertainment interface the airline uses. Powered by Viasat it host 500 on-demand entertainment options that would be streamed on passengers personal devices wirelessly. Currently this system will only be installed on the Boeing 737-800 and Boeing 737 Max 8 fleet.[211]

MH studio for the Airbus A330-900 includes personal inflight entertainment touch screen in each seat. Replacing the older Select interface system, the inflight entertainment system will be powered by Safran RAVE system with business class featuring a 17inch screen and economy with 13.3inch. The system comes with 4k resolution and features wireless headphone connectivity. The same system will be installed on the A350 cabin refurbishment program.[212]

The airline has also integrated free unlimited internet wifi access across all of its cabin including economy class on most of its widebody aircraft and will gradually introduce them on narrowbody aircraft as well.[213][214]

#### Select 3000i

[edit]

All Malaysia Airlines Airbus A350-900, Airbus A330-300,-200 and Boeing 737-800 aircraft are equipped with an Inflight entertainment system, Select 3000i, with audio and video available in 14 languages. A majority of it being powered by the Panasonic eX2 and eX3 series. Select 3000i would be discontinued on all Boeing 737-800 in the future.

#### Select Mainscreen

[edit]

Used in Economy Class on Boeing 737-800 (9M-ML*) regional and medium-haul aircraft, which features 15-inch drop-down retractable LCD screens are installed at every fourth seat row. Content is limited on these system as it is catered for selected flights only. Select mainscreen would be discontinued with the aircraft equipped to be transferred to the airlines subsidiary Firefly pending cabin refurbishing.[215]

### Sponsorships

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines previously signed a 3-year sponsorship deal with Premier League club Liverpool FC in October 2016, which gives them the right to be its Official Global Airline Partner. In addition, a six-minute advertisement video of Malaysia Airlines will be broadcast during home games at Anfield until the 2018-2019 season.[216]

Recently the airline has signed a commercial partnership with Manchester United F.C. with the goal of extending the airlines branding towards several key markets.[217]

## Loyalty programs

[edit]

Malaysia Airlines' frequent flyer program is called Enrich by Malaysia Airlines. Enrich comprises airlines, banks, credit-card issuers, hotels and retailers around the world. The airline's former program was called Esteemed Traveller which was launched in 1987. The airline also operated a joint Asian frequent-flyer program: Passages. The joint program was officially dissolved in 1999, and the Enrich frequent-flyer program made its debut after the split from Passages.

### Enrich by Malaysia Airlines

[edit]

Logo for the Enrich program

On 12 July 2006, Malaysia Airlines introduced its enhanced frequent-flyer program. The program is now known as Enrich by Malaysia Airlines (Enrich).[218]

In 2021, Enrich underwent rebranding focusing on travel and lifestyle programmes with increased digitization that allows members to purchase products from various retailers.[219]

Members of Enrich are able to accrue miles on qualifying flights through Malaysia Airlines and Enrich airline partners:[220]

* Oneworld alliance airline partners (effective 1 February 2013)
* Air France, Alitalia, Etihad Airways, Emirates Airline, KLM, Virgin Atlantic, Firefly, MASwings

Members of Enrich are able to collect miles from their daily credit spending, depends on issuers and category of spending.[221]

### Journify

[edit]

Malaysia Aviation Group which governs Malaysia Airlines and its subsidiaries introduced Journify which is a mobile app that allows passengers to purchase various services and products. Some of the services include pre departure snacks and drinks from participating outlets. The app also features travel passes, Flight+Hotel packages and Temptation inflight product with all sales and purchases allowing Enrich points accruement[222][223]

## Incidents and accidents

[edit]

* 4 December 1977 – Malaysian Airline System Flight 653, a Boeing 737-200 – registered 9M-MBD – was hijacked and crashed in Tanjung Kupang, Johor, killing all 100 people on board.
* 18 December 1983 – Malaysian Airline System Flight 684, an Airbus A300B2 – registered OY-KAA – crashed 2 km short of the runway at Subang Airport, with no fatalities among the 247 passengers and crew.[224][225]
* 15 September 1995 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 2133, a Fokker 50 – registered 9M-MGH – touched down too far along the runway at Tawau Airport, Sabah and crashed in a shantytown during the subsequent go-around. Of the 49 passengers and 4 crew on board, 32 passengers and 2 crew were killed. The probable cause was poor handling of the aircraft by the pilot.
* 8 March 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, a Boeing 777-200ER – registered 9M-MRO – carrying 227 passengers and 12 crew, went missing on a flight from Kuala Lumpur International Airport to Beijing Capital International Airport.[226][227] Although the whereabouts of the plane remain unknown, satellite data indicates that the plane was lost in the Southern Indian Ocean and all 239 people on board perished. On 5 August 2015 the Malaysian government confirmed a flaperon from a 777 found washed up on Réunion Island belonged to Flight 370.[228] A piece of aircraft wreckage (an outboard flap) found on Pemba Island off the Tanzanian coast in June 2016 was also confirmed by the Malaysian Transport Ministry to belong to MH370.[229][230][231]
* 17 July 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, a Boeing 777-200ER – registered 9M-MRD – en route to Kuala Lumpur International Airport from Amsterdam Schiphol Airport was shot down over Ukraine by a Buk surface-to-air missile.[232][233] All 283 passengers and 15 crew members aboard died.

## See also

[edit]

* Malaysia portal
* Companies portal
* Aviation portal

* List of companies of Malaysia
* List of airports in Malaysia
* Transport in Malaysia

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to Join Oneworld in February". Malaysian Digest. 30 October 2012. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
2. ^ "Malaysia Airlines - Destinations & Malaysian Hospitality".
3. ^ "Malaysia Airlines: State fund proposes takeover". BBC News. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
4. ^ "Khazanah Nasional Berhad". Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
5. ^ "Malaysia Aviation Group Achieves Positive Operating Profit for Second Consecutive Year, up 64% at RM889mil". www.malaysiaairlines.com (Press release). 21 March 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
6. ^ "Join Our Sky-High Team", Malaysia Airlines, retrieved 31 January 2024
7. ^ a b "Our Story". Malaysian Airlines. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
8. ^ "Corporate Info". Malaysian Airlines. Archived from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
9. ^ Jansen, Bart (17 July 2014). "Hard for Malaysia Airlines to survive after two disasters". USA Today. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
10. ^ a b Thomas, Geoffrey (9 December 2011). "Malaysia Airlines unveils plan to regain profitability". Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
11. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to be nationalized in new form of 'investment'". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
12. ^ "Malaysia Airlines lays off 6,000 employees". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
13. ^ "Malaysia Airlines — Our Story". Malaysia Airlines. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
14. ^ "Straits Steamship Company". National Library Singapore. Archived from the original on 14 March 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
15. ^ "Telekom Malaysia and Malaysia Airlines Synergise Business Relationship". Telekom Malaysia Berhad. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
16. ^ "Flight into Fantasy". Airline Pilots Association Singapore. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2009.
17. ^ a b c "The Creation of Singapore Airlines". Singapore Airlines. Retrieved 1 July 2007.
18. ^ Endres, Gunter; Hewson, Robert (1997). The Vital Guide to Major Airlines of the World: Over 100 Leading Airlines, Complete with Fleet Lists (Vital Guides). Airlife. pp. 80–81\. ISBN 1853105813.
19. ^ 'Singapore doesn't need the archaic image of Mercury', Straits Times, 10 February 1972
20. ^ "Notice to All Debators". New Straits Times. 22 September 1972. Retrieved 30 August 2014 – via Google news.
21. ^ Airlines Australian Transport November 1974 pages 14/15
22. ^ "Accent on Team Spirit | Mahathir to MAS : Do Us Proud". New Sunday Times. The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd. Media Prima. 4 April 1982. p. 1. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
23. ^ "Malaysia Gets First 747-200 Converted To Freighter | Aviation Week Network". aviationweek.com. Informa Markets. 16 October 1995. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
24. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Receives First Boeing 777".
25. ^ a b "Malaysia Airlines: The Marketing Challenge After MH17 and MH370" (PDF), Università di Roma LUMSA, 2015, retrieved 31 January 2024
26. ^ NG, PAULINE S. C. (26 February 2003). "MAS continues recovery with RM330mil Q3 profit". The Star.
27. ^ "CNN.com - Malaysia to buy Airbus A380s - Dec. 9, 2003". CNN.
28. ^ a b c "Malaysia Airlines reports end of year losses" (PDF). Malaysia Airlines. Retrieved 23 March 2008.[dead link]
29. ^ a b c d "Malaysia Airlines Business Turnaround Plan" (PDF). Malaysia Airlines. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
30. ^ "MAG to launch Project Hope", The Malaysian Reserve, 14 February 2019, retrieved 16 December 2024
31. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Launches Brand for Pilgrim Flights to Saudi Arabia", Apex, 13 February 2019, retrieved 13 November 2024
32. ^ Alex Dichter; Fredrik Lind & Seelan Singham (November 2008). "Turning around a struggling airline: An interview with the CEO of Malaysia Airlines". McKinsey & Company.
33. ^ "Malaysian Airline returns to profit in 2007, exceeds financial targets". Forbes. 25 February 2008. Archived from the original on 29 September 2008. Retrieved 23 March 2008.
34. ^ "Malaysian airline orders up to 55 Boeing 737-800 aircraft". The New York Times. 31 March 2008.
35. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Acquires 20 ATR 72-500s | Aero-News Network". www.aero-news.net.
36. ^ "Tengku Datuk Azmil Zahruddin made MAS MD/CEO". The Star. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
37. ^ "MAS orders 15 A330s". Flightglobal.com. 22 December 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
38. ^ "Malaysia Airlines shares dip on 2011 loss". BBC News. 1 March 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
39. ^ Zaheer, Farhan (11 January 2012). "Pack up: Malaysia Airlines calls it quits in Pakistan". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
40. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to retire last B747 in November".
41. ^ "MAS bids farewell to Boeing 737-400 after 22 years of service".
42. ^ Kok, Cecilia (1 March 2013). "MAS swings back to black, reports net profit of RM51.4mil for Q4". The Star. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
43. ^ a b "Malaysia Airlines Records RM443 million Loss for Q1 2014". Malaysia Airlines. 15 May 2014. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2014. "Much of the costs associated by MH370 will be covered by insurance."
44. ^ a b c "Malaysia Airlines Financial Losses Grow". The New York Times. Reuters. 29 August 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
45. ^ a b c Raghuvanshi, Gaurav; Ng, Jason (6 April 2014). "Malaysia Airlines Says Priority Is Families of the Missing, Though Ticket Sales Fall". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
46. ^ a b c "Flight's Disappearance Knocks Malaysia Airlines". The New York Times. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
47. ^ Neuman, Scott (29 August 2014). "Malaysia Airlines Cuts A Third of Its Workforce After Steep Losses". NPR. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
48. ^ Venkat, P.R.; Raghuvanshi, Gaurav (2 July 2014). "Malaysia Airlines Could Go Private". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
49. ^ Patterson, Thom (18 July 2014). "Malaysia Air faces new, serious threat as company". CNN. Retrieved 9 August 2014. "Analysts said it may take a government rescue to save the company from financial disaster."
50. ^ "Malaysia Airlines considers tie-up with Etihad Airways as restructuring process slowly begins". centreforaviation.com. Centre for Aviation. 17 June 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
51. ^ Ngui, Yantoultra (2 July 2014). "Exclusive: State fund plans to take Malaysia Airlines private for restructuring: sources". Reuters. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
52. ^ Zhang, Benjamin. "How Malaysia Airlines Can Be Saved From Financial And Reputational Ruin". Business Insider. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
53. ^ Hamzah, Al-Zaquan Amer; Leong, Trinna; Ngui, Yantoultra (8 August 2014). "Malaysia Airlines To Go Private With A$435 Million Government Investment". Business Insider. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
54. ^ "MAS: No disruption to current service". New Straits Times. 29 August 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
55. ^ a b c Mouawad, Jad (8 August 2014). "Malaysia Steps in to Save Its Reeling National Airline". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
56. ^ Creedy, Steve (9 August 2014). "Malaysia Airlines in $460m bid to clear air". The Australian. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
57. ^ Hamzah, Al-Zaquan Amer; Ngui, Yantoultra (8 August 2014). "State fund to take over Malaysia Airlines, plans 'complete overhaul'". Reuters. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
58. ^ a b "Khazanah announces 12 – point MAS Recovery Plan" (PDF). Khazanah. 29 August 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
59. ^ a b MacLeod, Calum (29 August 2014). "Malaysia Airlines slashes jobs, routes in overhaul". USA Today. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
60. ^ "Malaysia Airlines 'technically bankrupt'". BBC News. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
61. ^ "Troubled Malaysia Airlines to be completely revamped – new CEO". RTE. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
62. ^ "Malaysia Airlines signs lease agreement with Air Lease Corp for four Airbus planes". Reuters. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
63. ^ "Malaysia Airlines inks A350, A330neo lease deal with AL". ch-aviation. 11 September 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
64. ^ "Malaysia Airlines prepares for rebranding, CEO Christoph Mueller says". stuff. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
65. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Retiring Their Cursed 777s". 23 December 2015.
66. ^ Elliott, Mark (7 March 2016). "Malaysia Airlines ditches Boeing 777s in fleet overhaul". Brand Td.
67. ^ "Dry Airlines: Which Carriers do Not Serve Alcohol". 13 October 2020.
68. ^ "Public backlash shows many unaware of MAS's no-alcohol policy, passenger says". Malay Mail. 18 April 2016.
69. ^ "Malaysia Airlines CEO Christoph Mueller resigns". The Guardian. 20 April 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
70. ^ "Peter Bellew named CEO of Malaysia Airlines". Channel NewsAsia. 7 July 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
71. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to track planes with satellites". BBC News. 19 April 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
72. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to track planes with satellites to track its fleet from space". MicNode News. 19 April 2017. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
73. ^ "This airline has lost three CEOs in less than three years". CNBC. 17 October 2017.
74. ^ "Capt Izham Ismail is new MAS chief executive officer". The Star. 20 October 2017.
75. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Welcomes Its First A350 XWB".
76. ^ "A330-200 could be a solution for Malaysia Airlines' Auckland quandary".
77. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to deploy A380s on Seoul, Tokyo routes".
78. ^ "Amal takes to the skies Amal to serve hajj and Umrah pilgrims in Southeast Asia".
79. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' dedicated pilgrim flights, previously known as Project Hope, have been operating since October 2018, with three flights per week to Jeddah and Medina using Airbus A380-800s". Apex Aero. 19 February 2019.
80. ^ "Airbus A380 finds new life on Malaysia Airlines' pilgrim trips". ArabianBusiness. 24 January 2018.
81. ^ "Private firm bids $3.58 billion for holding company of Malaysia Airlines". The Straits Times. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
82. ^ "Malaysia Airlines details maintenance plan amid pandemic grounding", www.flightglobal.com, retrieved 31 January 2024
83. ^ "Malaysia Airlines needs RM1b cash injection a year to survive". The Edge Markets. 24 October 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
84. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to return A380s to Airbus by 2023". CHaviation.
85. ^ "MAG's Performance Improved by 60% YoY on the Back of a Successful Restructuring and Stronger Cargo Performance Despite 70% Capacity Reduction in Passenger ASK YoY". Malaysia Airlines. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
86. ^ "MASKargo transports medical goods in Malaysia's fight against Covid-19". aircargonews. 30 March 2020.
87. ^ "Malaysia Airlines continues flying despite raging Covid-19 pandemic". 25 January 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
88. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Flies to New Destinations During COVID-19". 22 October 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
89. ^ "Malaysia Airlines To Fly In Ventilators And Over 10 Million Masks from China". 30 March 2020.
90. ^ "Plane carrying Malaysia's first batch of Covid-19 vaccines arrives at KL International Airport". the strait times. 22 February 2021.
91. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' parent MAG posts best ever quarterly performance". New Straits Times. 18 April 2023.
92. ^ "Sovereign wealth fund to retain Malaysia Airlines' ownership". Ch-Aviation. 27 March 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
93. ^ "No catering contract in place at Malaysia Airlines". Ch-Aviation.
94. ^ "Malaysia Airlines fully reinstates in-flight meal service offerings". 15 November 2023.
95. ^ "MAG CEO says it's on track to turn first full-year net profit in 2023". The Edge Markets. 2 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
96. ^ "Financial turnaround means Malaysia Airlines can invest in customer experience". CAPA.
97. ^ "Malaysia Aviation Group posts first ever annual net profit". New Straits Times Malaysia. 21 March 2024.
98. ^ "Technical issues, safety concerns and alleged staff poaching: How Malaysia Airlines can fight the PR turbulence". Marketing-Interactive. 1 October 2024.
99. ^ "Aviation OEMs must take responsibility over supply shortage: MAG's Captain Izham". BusinessTimes. 16 September 2024.
100. ^ ""For the upcoming Airbus A330neo, Malaysia Airlines was scheduled to receive four aircraft this year"". BusinessTimes. 18 October 2024.
101. ^ ""MAG is working closely with Boeing on the 2024 deliveries. We're expecting seven B737 MAX-8s to be delivered in the coming months with a total of nine aircraft to be delivered in 2024,"". newstraitstimes. 15 July 2024.
102. ^ "Malaysia Airlines receives fifth 737 MAX 8". CAPA. 17 December 2024.
103. ^ "Malaysia Airlines takes delivery of its first A330neo from Airbus". 29 November 2024.
104. ^ "Malaysia Airlines hit with significant aircraft delivery delays". businesstraveller. 30 August 2024.
105. ^ "Special Report: Malaysia Airlines back in the red as supply chain woes cloud its skies". The Edge Malaysia. 19 February 2025.
106. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' parent MAG posts RM54mil net profit, 3rd year of consecutive positive results". Business Times. 17 April 2025.
107. ^ "Terms and conditions". Malaysia Airlines. Retrieved 14 June 2021. "[...]Malaysia Airlines Berhad (Company No: 1116944-X) ("Malaysia Airlines") whose business address is at Level 1, Administration Building, Southern Support Zone (SSZ), Kuala Lumpur International Airport – KLIA, 64000 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia."
108. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 30 March 1985. p. 94. "3rd Floor, Administrative Building, MAS Complex, Subang International Airport, Subang, Selangor, Malaysia. MA 37614."
109. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 29 March 1986. p. 100. "3rd Floor, Administrative Building, MAS Complex, Subang International Airport, Subang, Selangor, Malaysia"
110. ^ a b c d Krishnamoorthy, M. "MAS-sive move." The Star. Saturday 7 January 2006. Retrieved on 31 October 2012.
111. ^ a b c d "MAS promised not to sell headquarters." The Star. Sunday 25 December 2005.
112. ^ "Directory: World airlines." Flight Global. 30 March-5 April 2004. 30 March-5 April 2004. p. 37. "33rd Floor, Bangunan MAS, Jalan Sultan Islmail, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, 50250, Malaysia"
113. ^ "Malaysia Airlines boosted after sweeping reforms Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine." Channel News Asia. 7 March 2010. Retrieved on 31 October 2012.
114. ^ "Bangunan MAS to be upgraded | The Star Online". The Star. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
115. ^ "MAB Engineering". www.malaysiaairlines.com.
116. ^ "GMR buys 44.61% stake in JV with Malaysian firm". The Economic Times. 12 December 2014.
117. ^ "about Malaysia Airlines Academy".
118. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Gets ATW's Phoenix Award". Bernama Malaysia. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 29 January 2008.
119. ^ "2013 Malaysia Airlines Annual Report" (PDF). Malaysia Airlines. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
120. ^ "Malaysia Airlines SWOT Analysis Ethical Issues", Asiaeuniversity, retrieved 31 January 2024
121. ^ "MH=More than just an airline code, MH=Malaysian Hospitality" (PDF). Malaysia Airlines. October 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
122. ^ "Beautiful Malaysia Airlines #KeepFlying Tribute Song". One Mile At A Time. 26 February 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
123. ^ "Malaysia Airlines reminds consumers about Malaysian hospitality". Marketing Interactive. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
124. ^ "Enjoy Seamless Online Flight Booking | Malaysia Airlines". www.malaysiaairlines.com. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
125. ^ "Golden assets". The Star. 18 December 2007. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009.
126. ^ "Airline makes better use of its MH code". The Star. 1 February 2008.
127. ^ "MAL is now MSA". The Straits Times. New Straits Times Press. Government of Singapore. 1 January 1967. p. 1. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
128. ^ "This is The Last Malaysian Airways Advertisement You'll Ever See || This is The First MSA Ad You've Seen". The Straits Times. New Straits Times Press. Government of Singapore. 1 January 1967. p. 5. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
129. ^ "Johan Design Associates – Industrial & Structural Design". Johan Design Associates. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
130. ^ "MAS Launches New Corporate Image". New Straits Times. The New Straits Times (M) Berhad. Media Prima. 16 October 1987. p. 9. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
131. ^ "Malaysia Airlines considers a new name, brand and livery". World Airline News. 28 July 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
132. ^ "Malaysia Airlines quietly launches new logo". Campaign Asia. 16 April 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
133. ^ "First MAS A380 revealed in special livery". Air Transport World. 9 March 2012. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
134. ^ "Airline Art: Malaysia Airline Introduces 'Retro Livery'". 12 December 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
135. ^ "Malaysia Airlines recommissions B747-400 aircraft". 5 April 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
136. ^ "Malaysia Airlines unveils Negaraku livery on B737-800 aircraft". Retrieved 16 November 2023.
137. ^ "Malaysia Airlines high on patriotism spirit with Malaysia Flag livery". 16 September 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
138. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to acquire 20 A330neo for widebody fleet renewal". 15 August 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
139. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Prepares to Soar the Sky with the Arrival of the Brand New 737-8 in August 2023". Retrieved 16 November 2023.
140. ^ "AirAsia and Malaysian Airlines agree a share swap deal". BBC News. 10 August 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
141. ^ "MAS joins oneworld alliance". The Star. 2 February 2013. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
142. ^ B.K. Sidhu (9 November 2011). "MAS to axe unprofitable routes". Petaling Jaya/The Star. Asia News Network. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017 – via Yahoo! News.
143. ^ "MAS to drop eight routes in 2012". The Malaysian Insider. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2013 – via Yahoo! News Malaysia.
144. ^ Mao, Frances (14 March 2024). "How Malaysia Airlines came back from twin tragedies". bbc.com. BBC. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
145. ^ Polito, Sebastián (17 September 2024). "Malaysia Airlines returns to Paris after a 9-year hiatus". flightradar24. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
146. ^ "Experience the City of Light, Paris with Malaysia Airlines with Direct Flights beginning 22 March 2025". Malaysia Airlines. 6 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
147. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to fly to Paris in March 2025". NST Online. 6 September 2024. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
148. ^ "Manchester United to raise money for UNICEF during the 2005 Asia Tour". Unicef. 2005.
149. ^ "Malaysia Aviation Group (MAG) Transfers Intra-Borneo Services to Firefly".
150. ^ "Profile on Malaysia Airlines". CAPA. Centre for Aviation. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
151. ^ "Air Mauritius/Malaysia Airlines resumes Codeshare partnership in August 2024".
152. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Expands American Airlines Codeshare From March 2025".
153. ^ Jim Liu (8 October 2019). "British Airways / Malaysia Airlines begins codeshare partnership from Oct 2019". Routes Online. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
154. ^ "China Airlines / Malaysia Airlines proposes codeshare service from Nov 2016". Routes.
155. ^ "Malaysia Airlines, China Southern Airlines launch codeshare flights". nst.com.my. 6 July 2023.
156. ^ "Malaysia Airlines / Ethiopian Airlines Adds South Africa Codeshare From Aug 2023".
157. ^ "Firefly expands codeshare with Malaysia Airlines".
158. ^ TTG Asia (8 April 2024). "Malaysia Airlines, IndiGo boost connectivity with codeshare partnership". TTG Asia. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
159. ^ "JAL Expands Malaysia Airlines India Codeshare From May 2024".
160. ^ Liu, Jim (16 December 2019). "LATAM / Malaysia Airlines begins codeshare partnership from mid-Dec 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
161. ^ "MAI Expands Malaysia Airlines Codeshare From mid-Aug 2023".
162. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Expands Oman Air Codeshare From July 2025".
163. ^ "SAUDIA ADDS MALAYSIA AIRLINES CODESHARE FROM MID-JAN 2023". Aeroroutes. 16 January 2023.
164. ^ "Singapore Airlines / Malaysia Airlines Expands European Codeshare in NW22".
165. ^ Liu, Jim (26 November 2019). "Turkish Airlines extends Malaysia Airlines codeshare to Oceania from Nov 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
166. ^ "Malaysia Airlines, Uzbekistan Airways reinstate codesharing agreement". 13 December 2024.
167. ^ "Airnorth to operate Darwin-Gove-Cairns route".
168. ^ "All Partner Airlines".
169. ^ "Partner Carriers | Hahnair".
170. ^ "Enjoy better connections to more destinations in Korea with KORAIL".
171. ^ "Interline and Codeshare Travel". Pakistan International Airlines. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
172. ^ Hughes, David (29 November 2024). "Malaysia Airlines Takes Delivery of 1st A330neo, Where will it Fly?". Aviation A2Z. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
173. ^ a b Jaeger, Thomas (7 March 2016). "Malaysia Airlines considering A350 order". ch-aviation.com. ch-aviation GmbH. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
174. ^ "Fleet and Network". Retrieved 7 November 2023.
175. ^ Kannan, Hashini Kavishtri (30 November 2017). "MAB's A350-900 aircraft is here, gets water salute". nst.com.my. New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
176. ^ Calder, Simon (25 January 2016). "Malaysia Airlines grounds remaining fleet of aircraft involved in MH370 and MH17 disasters". independent.co.uk. Independent. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
177. ^ "Malaysia Airlines introduces A350-900 jets on KL-London route". freemalaysiatoday.com. FMT Media Sdn Bhd. 15 January 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
178. ^ "Malaysia Airlines takes Airbus A350 to the skies on Kuala Lumpur-Doha route". ttgasia.com. TTG Asia Media Pte Ltd. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
179. ^ "MAB receives sixth and final A350-900 aircraft". nst.com.my. New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd. 13 July 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
180. ^ Bahari, Bilqis (16 November 2023). "Malaysia Airlines to decide on adding more A350s by March 2024". nst.com.my. New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
181. ^ "Malaysia Airlines seeks more narrowbody jets, sees delay on current order".
182. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to acquire 20 A330neo for widebody fleet renewal". 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
183. ^ "Malaysia Airlines upgrading Australian flights to Airbus A330neo jets". 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
184. ^ "Avolon agrees transaction for 20 A330NEO aircraft with Malaysia Aviation Group". 15 August 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
185. ^ "MAG expects first A330-900neo to arrive in September next year". Business Times. 2 November 2023.
186. ^ "Malaysia Airlines to take first 737 Max 8".
187. ^ "Flypast, fighter jet and a salute: Malaysia Airlines' new Airbus A330neo touches down at KLIA" (video). www.malaymail.com. 30 November 2024. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
188. ^ "Flying KL-Melbourne on Malaysia Airlines from Dec 19? Welcome aboard the new Airbus A330neo". www.malaymail.com. 14 December 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
189. ^ "Malaysia Airlines buys 20 more widebody planes from Airbus, doubling its A330neo fleet". The Edge Malaysia. 7 July 2025.
190. ^ "The order includes 18 Boeing 737-8 and 12 Boeing 737-10 aircraft, powered by CFM International LEAP-1B engines, with options for 30 more 737 aircraft". The Edge Malaysia. 21 March 2025.
191. ^ "Malaysia Airlines mulls more widebody orders". CH Aviation. 29 April 2025.
192. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' Satellite Golden Lounge reopens – Business Traveller". Business Traveller. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
193. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' third party domestic lounge". Retrieved 6 November 2023.
194. ^ "Malaysia Airlines wins the World's Best Airline Cabin Staff award for 2012". 8 April 2008. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
195. ^ Flynn, David (12 December 2018). "Malaysia Airlines rebrands first class as Business Suites". Australian Business Traveller. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
196. ^ "Flight review: Malaysia Airlines A350 business class". Business Traveller. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
197. ^ "Malaysia Airlines 737-800NG'". Retrieved 6 November 2023.
198. ^ "The best seats in Malaysia Airlines' new A330 business class". Australian Business Traveller. 4 April 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
199. ^ "Malaysia Airlines' first A330neo to arrive in Q3; A350 cabin upgrade to start 2026". FlightGlobal. 29 January 2024.
200. ^ a b "Malaysia Airlines reveals new Airbus A330-900 business and economy seats". sonycincau. 22 March 2024.
201. ^ "Why Melbourne is getting a Scandinavian Airlines A350 Malaysia Airlines brings its newest A350 to Melbourne". 15 November 2023.
202. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Planes, Fleet and Seat Maps". seatguru.com. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
203. ^ "Malaysia Airlines a330 seat map". Retrieved 3 December 2023.
204. ^ "Malaysia Airlines A350 seatmap". Retrieved 3 December 2023.
205. ^ "Malaysia Airlines selects Viasat for IFE for 737-8 planes". asianaviation. 19 August 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
206. ^ "Malaysia Airlines defends controversial 'baby ban' in First Class — Flights | hotels | frequent flyer | business class — Australian Business Traveller". Australian Business Traveller. 7 July 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
207. ^ Flynn, David (7 July 2011). "Malaysia Airlines defends controversial 'baby ban' in First Class". Australian Business Traveller. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
208. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Defends Controversial Ban on Babies in First Class". Christian Post. 29 June 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
209. ^ "Malaysia Airlines declares kid-free zone on new MAS Airbus A380 – Flights | hotels | frequent flyer | business class". Australian Business Traveller. 13 April 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
210. ^ "Enhanced Family and Children-Friendly Inflight Zone on Our New A380 Economy Main Cabin". Retrieved 17 February 2013 – via Facebook.
211. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Selects Viasat for In-Flight Experience". 24 August 2023.
212. ^ "IFE/C options for Malaysia's A330neo". PAXEX.AERO. 22 March 2024.
213. ^ "MMalaysia Airlines Offers Free Wi-Fi Across All Classes Beginning 1 November 2023". MalaysiaAirlines. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
214. ^ "Panasonic Avionics' prediction early this year that commercial aviation will adopt the free Wi-Fi model by the end of this decade appears on track to becoming a reality". 22 November 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
215. ^ "Malaysia Airlines Transfers domestic operations to firefly". 13 April 2023.
216. ^ "Malaysia Airlines teams up with Liverpool FC - Business News | The Star Online". www.thestar.com.my. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
217. ^ "Malaysia Airlines announces commercial partnership with Man United". malaymail. 22 March 2024.
218. ^ "Malaysia Airlines announces enhanced Enrich program". China Post. 31 August 2006. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
219. ^ "How Malaysia Airlines hit the bullseye in customer loyalty". 12 April 2022.
220. ^ "Enrich – Earn Enrich Miles – Partner Airlines". Malaysia Airlines. 21 October 2013. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
221. ^ "Calculate miles earn from credit card spending". 6 October 2024.
222. ^ "MAG's Journify app a digital handbook for travellers". 14 March 2022.
223. ^ "Home | Journify". myjournify.com.
224. ^ Jon Livesey (17 July 2014). "Curse of Malaysia Airlines? 5 tragic moments in airline's history before MH17 and MH370". Daily Mirror.
225. ^ "Accidents and incidents of Malaysia Airlines". China Daily. 8 March 2014.
226. ^ "Airliner with 239 on board missing over Asia". Malaysia Sun. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
227. ^ "MH370 Flight Incident" (Press release). Malaysia Airlines. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
228. ^ "Families told missing plane lost". BBC News. 24 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
229. ^ "Authorities confirm debris found in Tanzania is from MH370". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 15 September 2016.
230. ^ "Physics Buzz: How Inmarsat Hacked Their Data to Find Flight MH370". Retrieved 24 April 2015.
231. ^ Mullen, Jethro; Boykoff, Pamela (26 June 2014). "Australia: MH370 probably on autopilot as it flew south - CNN.com". CNN. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
232. ^ Patterson, Thom (17 July 2014). "A second lost Boeing 777 for Malaysia Airlines". CNN. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
233. ^ Paul Sonne; Alan Cullison; Julian E. Barnes (17 July 2014). "U.S. Says Missile Downed Malaysia Airlines Plane Over Ukraine". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 July 2014.

## External links

[edit]

Media related to Malaysia Airlines at Wikimedia Commons

* Official website
* Route Map
* Malaysia Airlines' channel on YouTube
* Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad – Parent Company (archive)
* Malaysian Airline System Berhad
* Malaysian Airline System Bhd, bloomberg.com
* Malaysian Airline System Berhad (MYX: 3786), bursamalaysia.com

* v
* t
* e

Malaysia Airlines

History|

* Malayan Airways (1946-1963)
* Sabah Airways (1953-1957)
* Borneo Airways (1957-1965)
* Federation Air Service (1951-1956; 1958-1960)
* Malaysian Airways (1963-1966)
* Malaysia–Singapore Airlines (1966-1972)

Accidents and incidents|

* MH653 (1977; 100 fatalities)
* MH684 (1983; no fatalities)
* MH2133 (1995; 34 fatalities)
* MH370 (2014; missing with 239 people · search · timeline · disappearance theories)
* MH17 (2014; 298 fatalities · reactions)

Services|

* Destinations
* Fleet

Subsidiaries|

* Amal
* Firefly
* MASkargo
* MASwings

Links to related articles

* v
* t
* e

Members of Oneworld

Current members|

| Founding members|

* American Airlines
* British Airways
* Cathay Pacific
* Qantas

|

Full members|

* Alaska Airlines
* Fiji Airways
* Finnair
* Iberia
* Japan Airlines
* Malaysia Airlines
* Oman Air
* Qatar Airways
* Royal Air Maroc
* Royal Jordanian
* SriLankan Airlines

Affiliate members|

* American Eagle
* BA CityFlyer
* BA EuroFlyer
* Fiji Link
* Hokkaido Air System
* Horizon Air
* Iberia Express
* Iberia Regional
* J-Air
* Japan Air Commuter
* Japan Transocean Air
* Nordic Regional Airlines
* QantasLink
* Royal Air Maroc Express
* SkyWest Airlines
* Sun-Air

Future members|

* Hawaiian Airlines

Former members|

* Aer Lingus
* Air Berlin
* Canadian Airlines
* LATAM
* Malév
* Mexicana

Suspended members|

* S7 Airlines

* v
* t
* e

Airlines of Malaysia

Mainline|

| Full service|

* Malaysia Airlines (Flag carrier)
* Batik Air Malaysia

|

Low-cost|

* AirAsia
* AirAsia X
* Firefly

Regional|

* MASwings

Cargo|

* MASkargo
* Raya Airways
* World Cargo Airlines

Charter|

* Amal
* Berjaya Air
* Hornbill Skyways
* Layang Layang Aerospace
* MHS Aviation
* Sabah Air
* Weststar Aviation

Defunct|

* Awan Inspirasi
* Borneo Airways
* Eaglexpress
* Federation Air Service
* Malaysia–Singapore Airlines
* MYAirline
* Pelandok Airways
* Pelangi Air
* Rayani Air
* Sabah Airways
* Saeaga Airlines
* SKS Airways
* Vision Air Malaysia
* Wearne's Air Service

* v
* t
* e

Members of the International Air Transport Association

Africa and the Middle East Region

* Africa World Airlines
* AfriJet
* Air Algérie
* Air Arabia
* Air Botswana
* Air Burkina
* Air Cairo
* Air Mauritius
* Air Peace
* Air Seychelles
* Air Tanzania
* Airlink
* Allied Air
* AlMasria Universal Airlines
* ASKY Airlines
* Badr Airlines
* Camair-Co
* Congo Airways
* DHL International Aviation ME
* Egyptair
* Emirates
* Ethiopian Airlines
* Etihad Airways
* Fly Baghdad
* Flydubai
* Flynas
* Gulf Air
* Iran Air
* Iran Airtour
* Iran Aseman Airlines
* Jazeera Airways
* Jordan Aviation
* Kam Air
* Kenya Airways
* Kuwait Airways
* LAM Mozambique Airlines
* Madagascar Airlines
* Mauritania Airlines
* Middle East Airlines
* Nesma Airlines
* Nile Air
* Nouvelair
* Oman Air
* Overland Airways
* Precision Air
* Qatar Airways
* Royal Air Maroc
* Royal Jordanian
* RwandAir
* Safair
* Saudia
* South African Airways
* Syrian Air
* TAAG Angola Airlines
* Tassili Airlines
* Tunisair

Asia-Pacific Region

* Air Calédonie
* Air Cambodia
* Air India
* Air New Zealand
* Air Niugini
* Air Tahiti
* Air Tahiti Nui
* Aircalin
* All Nippon Airways
* Asiana Airlines
* Bamboo Airways
* Bangkok Airways
* Batik Air
* Batik Air Malaysia
* Biman Bangladesh Airlines
* Cebu Pacific
* Fiji Airways
* Garuda Indonesia
* IndiGo
* Japan Airlines
* Japan Transocean Air
* Jeju Air
* Jin Air
* Korean Air
* Lao Airlines
* Malaysia Airlines
* Myanmar Airways International
* Nippon Cargo Airlines
* Pakistan International Airlines
* Philippine Airlines
* Qantas
* Royal Brunei Airlines
* Scoot
* Singapore Airlines
* Solomon Airlines
* SpiceJet
* SriLankan Airlines
* T'way Air
* Thai Airways International
* Thai Lion Air
* VietJet Air
* Vietnam Airlines
* Virgin Australia
* Vistara

China and North Asia Region

* Air Changan
* Air China
* Air Guilin
* Air Koryo
* Air Macau
* Beijing Capital Airlines
* Cathay Pacific
* China Airlines
* China Cargo Airlines
* China Eastern Airlines
* China Express Airlines
* China Postal Airlines
* China Southern Airlines
* EVA Air
* Fuzhou Airlines
* GX Airlines
* Hainan Airlines
* Hebei Airlines
* Hong Kong Airlines
* Hong Kong Express
* Juneyao Air
* Kunming Airlines
* Loong Air
* Lucky Air
* Mandarin Airlines
* MIAT Mongolian Airlines
* Okay Airways
* Ruili Airlines
* SF Airlines
* Shandong Airlines
* Shanghai Airlines
* Shenzhen Airlines
* Sichuan Airlines
* Suparna Airlines
* Tianjin Airlines
* UNI Air
* Urumqi Air
* West Air
* XiamenAir
* YTO Cargo Airlines

Europe Region

* Aegean Airlines
* Aer Lingus
* Aeroflot
* Air Astana
* Air Austral
* airBaltic
* Air Caraïbes
* Air Corsica
* Air Dolomiti
* Air Europa
* Air France
* Air Malta
* Air Moldova
* Air Montenegro
* Air Nostrum
* Air Serbia
* AirBridgeCargo
* AlbaStar
* Amelia International
* APG Airlines
* Arkia
* ASL Airlines Belgium
* ASL Airlines France
* ASL Airlines Ireland
* Atlantic Airways
* Austrian Airlines
* Azerbaijan Airlines
* Azores Airlines
* Belavia
* Binter Canarias
* Braathens Regional Aviation
* British Airways
* Brussels Airlines
* Bulgaria Air
* Cargolux
* Carpatair
* Challenge Airlines IL
* CityJet
* Condor
* Corendon Airlines
* Corsair International
* Croatia Airlines
* Cyprus Airways
* Czech Airlines
* DHL Air UK
* Eastern Airways
* Edelweiss Air
* El Al
* EuroAtlantic Airways
* European Air Transport Leipzig
* Eurowings
* Finnair
* FlyOne
* Freebird Airlines
* French Bee
* Georgian Airways
* Hi Fly
* Iberia
* Iberojet
* Icelandair
* Israir
* ITA Airways
* KLM
* La Compagnie
* LOT Polish Airlines
* Lufthansa
* Cargo
* CityLine
* Luxair
* Martinair
* MNG Airlines
* Neos
* NordStar
* Nordwind Airlines
* Olympic Air
* Pegas Fly
* Pegasus Airlines
* PopulAir
* Portugália Airlines
* Poste Air Cargo
* Privilege Style
* Qazaq Air
* Rossiya Airlines
* RusLine
* S7 Airlines
* SATA Air Açores
* Scandinavian Airlines
* SCAT Airlines
* Silk Way West Airlines
* Smartavia
* Smartwings
* Somon Air
* SunExpress
* Swiss International Air Lines
* TAP Air Portugal
* TAROM
* TUIfly
* Turkish Airlines
* Ukraine International Airlines
* Ural Airlines
* Utair
* Uzbekistan Airways
* Virgin Atlantic
* Volotea
* Vueling
* Wamos Air
* White Airways
* Widerøe
* World2Fly

The Americas Region

* ABX Air
* Aerolíneas Argentinas
* Aeromar
* Aeroméxico
* Air Canada
* Air Transat
* Alaska Airlines
* American Airlines
* Atlas Air
* Avianca
* Avianca Costa Rica
* Avianca Ecuador
* Avianca El Salvador
* Azul Brazilian Airlines
* Bahamasair
* Boliviana de Aviación
* Cargojet
* Caribbean Airlines
* Copa Airlines
* Copa Airlines Colombia
* Cubana de Aviación
* Delta Air Lines
* Eastern Airlines
* FedEx Express
* Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes
* Hawaiian Airlines
* JetBlue
* LATAM Airlines Group
* LATAM Brasil
* LATAM Cargo Brasil
* LATAM Cargo Chile
* LATAM Colombia
* LATAM Ecuador
* LATAM Paraguay
* LATAM Perú
* Mas Air
* National Airlines
* Paranair
* Polar Air Cargo
* Ravn Alaska
* Sky Airline
* United Airlines
* UPS Airlines
* Voepass Linhas Aéreas
* Volaris
* WestJet

* v
* t
* e

Members of the Association of Asia Pacific Airlines (AAPA)

* Air Astana
* Air India
* Air New Zealand
* All Nippon Airways
* Bangkok Airways
* Cathay Pacific
* China Airlines
* EVA Air
* Garuda Indonesia
* Japan Airlines
* Lion Air
* Malaysia Airlines
* Philippine Airlines
* Qantas
* Royal Brunei Airlines
* Singapore Airlines
* Thai Airways International
* Vietnam Airlines

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States

Other|

* Yale LUX

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template