Malta, Paraíba

Municipality in Northeast, Brazil

Malta

Municipality

View of Malta

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Coat of arms

Malta within Paraíba

Country|  Brazil
Region| Northeast
State| Paraíba
Mesoregion| Sertao Paraibana
Area

• Total

| 66.41 sq mi (172.01 km2)
Population

(2022[1])

• Total

| 6,046
Time zone| UTC−3 (BRT)

Malta is a municipality in the state of Paraíba in the Northeast Region of Brazil.[2][3][4][5] It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Patos. The population is 6,046 (2022 census) in an area of 172.01 km². The town is at an altitude of 257 m. Malta is linked with the Trans-Amazonian Highway.[6]

## Overview

[edit]

The name comes from the Portuguese freguesia of Malta [pt], in Vila do Conde.

It ranks 12th by HDI among Paraiban municipalities; 4th in greater Patos. The per capita income for the municipality is R$ 12,683.28 (2020).[6] The city is the seat of the Santuário do Divino Pai Eterno, the major sanctuary in the state.[7]

## History

[edit]

At the end of the 17th century, the Captain Teodósio de Oliveira Ledo [pt] led a group of Pêgas Indians to settle the land and begin farming.

The founding of Malta is credited to João Fernandes de Freitas, who built a chapel in 1830 in honor of Immaculate Conception and developed the core that later would be the village and then the town of Malta. The fertile soil, attracted many livestock farmers, who organized farms both for creation and for the cultivation of cotton.[6]

## Geography

[edit]

Malta is located on a depression that is surrounded by the Serra do Pico (Portuguese for Pico ridge) to the north and Serra Macapá (Macapá ridge) to the south, part of the vast region known as the Depressão sertaneja, with an average elevation of around 350 meters (1,148 ft) above sea level – though at a distance of about 220 kilometers (136 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean (at Macau, Rio Grande do Norte). Neighbouring municipalities are Vista Serrana (North), São José de Espinharas (Northeast), Patos (East), Santa Teresinha and Catingueira (South) and Condado (West).[6]

### Climate

[edit]

The town of Malta experiences a tropical wet and dry climate with a short rainy season (Koppen Aw) from February to April. During this period when the equatorial rainband associated with the highly seasonalized positioning of the Intertropical Convergence Zone is over the city, warm to hot temperatures and abundant equatorial rainfall prevail. Conversely, the dry season dominates the remaining majority of the year, with abundant sunshine prevalent from May to January. The wettest month is March with an average monthly total of 215.9 mm (8.50 in) of precipitation, while the driest month is August with an average total of average precipitation total of 2.3 mm (0.09 in).

Climate data for Malta, Paraíba (1961–1990)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 33.7
(92.7)  | 32.8
(91.0)  | 32.0
(89.6)  | 31.5
(88.7)  | 30.8
(87.4)  | 30.1
(86.2)  | 30.2
(86.4)  | 31.7
(89.1)  | 33.1
(91.6)  | 34.3
(93.7)  | 34.7
(94.5)  | 34.5
(94.1)  | 32.5
(90.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 26.1
(79.0)  | 25.6
(78.1)  | 25.4
(77.7)  | 24.8
(76.6)  | 24.0
(75.2)  | 23.9
(75.0)  | 24.5
(76.1)  | 25.5
(77.9)  | 26.4
(79.5)  | 26.8
(80.2)  | 27.0
(80.6)  | 25.6
(78.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 21.5
(70.7)  | 21.3
(70.3)  | 21.1
(70.0)  | 20.8
(69.4)  | 20.2
(68.4)  | 19.3
(66.7)  | 18.6
(65.5)  | 18.6
(65.5)  | 19.7
(67.5)  | 20.5
(68.9)  | 21.1
(70.0)  | 21.5
(70.7)  | 20.4
(68.7)
Average rainfall mm (inches)  | 65.3
(2.57)  | 121.4
(4.78)  | 215.9
(8.50)  | 177.3
(6.98)  | 62.7
(2.47)  | 28.9
(1.14)  | 15.0
(0.59)  | 2.3
(0.09)  | 2.9
(0.11)  | 6.3
(0.25)  | 10.6
(0.42)  | 18.8
(0.74)  | 727.5
(28.64)
Source: Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas da UFCG.[8][9][10][11]

## Demographics

[edit]

Religion in Malta (2010)[12]

1. Roman Catholic[a] (89.8%)
2. Assemblies of God[b] (3.47%)
3. Traditional/Mainline Protestant[c] (1.50%)
4. Christian Congregation of Brazil[d] (0.52%)
5. Other Pentecostal (1.27%)
6. Other Christian[e] (0.50%)
7. Spiritism (0.04%)
8. Other religions[f] (0.00%)
9. No religion[g] (2.94%)

Malta's population (Maltenses) is made up of two main ethnic groups: Europeans (mainly Portuguese), and Africans.

Roman Catholic and Protestant are the dominant religions in Malta. Data from a 2010 census on religious affiliation indicates that approximately 97 percent of the population is Christian.[12] The composition of the maltense population is:

* Roman Catholicism, 89.76%
* Pentecostal, 5.26%
* Protestan, 1.50% and
* no religion, 2.94%.

### Race

[edit]

Race and ethnicity in Malta

Ethnicity |  | Percentage
Pardo (Multiracial) |

| 53.8%
White |

| 40.0%
Black |

| 5.6%
Asian |

| 0.6%
Amerindian |

| 0.0%

The census found 3,017 Pardo (multiracial) people (53.8%), 2,247 White people (40.0%), 313 Black people (5.6%) and 32 Asian people (0.6%).

### Age structure

[edit]

0–14 years: 26.1% (total 1478)
15–64 years: 57.6% (total 3215)
60 years and over: 16.3% (total 920) (2010 census).[13]

## Economics

[edit]

The service sector is the largest component of Malta GDP at 67 percent, followed by the industrial sector at 21 percent. Agriculture represents 12 percent of GDP (2012).[14]

### Power plants

[edit]

There are two solar parks in development in the town. When finished, it will be the Paraíba's largest solar power park. It has allotted 60 MW of solar power capacity to 2 solar project developers, the Usina Fotovoltaica Malta and the Usina Fotovoltaica Angicos I. This is expected to bring in investments of R$300 million.[15][16]

## See also

[edit]

* List of municipalities in Paraíba

## References

[edit]

1. ^ IBGE 2022
2. ^ "Divisão Territorial do Brasil" (in Portuguese). Divisão Territorial do Brasil e Limites Territoriais, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). July 1, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
3. ^ "Estimativas da população para 1º de julho de 2009" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Estimativas de População, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). August 14, 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
4. ^ "Ranking decrescente do IDH-M dos municípios do Brasil" (in Portuguese). Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano, Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD). 2000. Archived from the original on October 3, 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
5. ^ "Produto Interno Bruto dos Municípios 2002–2005" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). December 19, 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 2, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
6. ^ a b c d "Infográficos > Paraíba > Malta" (in Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). July 1, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2016.
7. ^ "Santuário Pai Eterno" (in Portuguese). Santuário Pai Eterno. July 19, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
8. ^ Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas (1911–1990). "Precipitação Mensal". ufcg.edu.br. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
9. ^ Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas. "Temperatura Compensada Mensal e Anual da Paraíba". ufcg.edu.br. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
10. ^ Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas (1911–1980). "Temperatura Máxima Mensal e Anual da Paraíba". ufcg.edu.br. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
11. ^ Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas. "Temperatura Mínima Mensal e Anual da Paraíba". ufcg.edu.br. Archived from the original on June 11, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
12. ^ a b IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics). 2010 Census. Retrieved August 10, 2016.
13. ^ IBGE Census 2010, Censo Demográfico 2010: Resultados da Amostra – Características da População
14. ^ IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística Infográficos: Despesas e receitas orçamentárias e PIB. Retrieved August 10, 2016.
15. ^ Governo Federal. "USINA FOTOVOLTAICA – MALTA – PB "USINA FOTOVOLTAICA – MALTA – PB" (in Portuguese). PAC. 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
16. ^ Governo Federal. "USINA FOTOVOLTAICA – ANGICO 1 – PB "USINA FOTOVOLTAICA – ANGICO 1 – PB" (in Portuguese). PAC. 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2016.

1. ^ does not include the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church which broke away from Rome in 1945
2. ^ This is the largest Pentecostal group in Malta
3. ^ Includes Lutheran, Presbyterian, Baptist, Adventist, Methodist, and Congregational churches
4. ^ This is the second largest Pentecostal group in Malta
5. ^ Includes the Jehovah's Witnesses, Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, Latter-day Saints, and Orthodox Church
6. ^ Includes Umbanda and Candomblé, Judaism, Islam, and various Eastern religions
7. ^ Includes atheists and agnostics

6°54′S 37°31′W﻿ / ﻿6.900°S 37.517°W﻿ / -6.900; -37.517