Manosphere

Collection of masculist and misogynistic websites and forums

The manosphere is a varied collection of websites, blogs, and online forums promoting masculinity, misogyny, and opposition to feminism.[1] Communities within the manosphere include men's rights activists (MRAs),[2] incels (involuntary celibates),[3] Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW),[4] pick-up artists (PUA),[5] and fathers' rights groups.[6] While the specifics of each group's beliefs sometimes conflict, they are generally united in the belief that society is biased against men due to the influence of feminism, and that feminists promote misandry (hatred of men).[7] Acceptance of these ideas is described as "taking the red pill", a metaphor borrowed from the film The Matrix.[8]

The manosphere overlaps with the far-right and alt-right communities.[9] It has also been associated with online harassment and has been implicated in radicalizing men into misogynist beliefs and the glorification of violence against women.[10] Some sources have associated manosphere-based radicalization with mass shootings motivated by misogyny.[11] The manosphere received significant media coverage following the 2014 Isla Vista killings in California, the 2015 Umpqua Community College shooting in Oregon, and the 2018 Toronto van attack, as well as the online harassment campaign against women in the video game industry known as GamerGate.[12]

Major figures within the movement include various social media influencers, including Andrew Tate, Amrou "Myron Gaines" Fudl, Adin Ross, Roosh V, Carl Benjamin, and Jordan Peterson.

## History

[edit]

The roots of the manosphere lie in the men's liberation movement of the 1970s and 80s,[13] which began as a critique of the limiting nature of traditional male gender roles.[14] However, in the 1970s the nascent men's rights movement began to attribute men's problems to feminism and female empowerment.[14] Media scholar Debbie Ging posits that the growth of the World Wide Web has enabled the spread of "virulent" anti-feminism, misogyny, and associated violent rhetoric.[14]

Recent research traces the manosphere’s modern incarnation to early online men’s-rights discussion forums and pick-up-artist communities that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s.[15] Its ideological roots reach further back to twentieth-century activist organizations that claimed men were disadvantaged in divorce and custody proceedings. Over time, these loosely connected spaces coalesced into a cohesive ecosystem united by shared frustration over perceived injustices against men, a development amplified by social networks and online forums. Scholars note that high-profile figures—through blogs, YouTube channels, and other web platforms—popularized these ideas, engaged followers, and helped establish the ideological framework that now shapes the broader community.[16]

Building upon these early foundations, the manosphere gained momentum in the early 2010s as online influencers and content creators promoted “red pill” philosophies—ideas that claim society is systematically biased against men—through viral videos, podcasts, and debates.[17] Media reports and academic studies have observed that many of these influencers intentionally use controversy and confrontational language to expand their audiences and generate revenue. A January 2020 study found that such tactics have spread misogynistic speech beyond fringe websites, fueling widespread online hate campaigns and, in some cases, contributing to violence against women.[18]

The term "manosphere", a play on the word "blogosphere", is believed to have first appeared on Blogspot in 2009.[19] It was subsequently popularized by Ian Ironwood, a pornography marketer who collected a variety of blogs and forums in book form as The Manosphere: A New Hope For Masculinity.[20] The term entered the popular lexicon when news media began to use it in stories about men who had committed acts of misogynist violence, sexual assault, and online harassment.[21]

Journalist Emma A. Jane identifies the late 2000s–early 2010s as a "tipping point" when manosphere communities moved from the fringes of the Internet towards the mainstream. She hypothesizes this was related to the advent of Web 2.0 and the rise of social media, in combination with ongoing systemic misogyny within a patriarchal culture. Jane writes that the manosphere was well established by the time of the GamerGate controversy in 2014, and misogynistic language such as graphic rape threats against women had entered mainstream discourse, being deployed by men not necessarily identified with any specific manosphere group.[22]

Following Donald Trump's victory in the 2024 United States presidential election, The Associated Press reported that an "emboldened" manopshere used Trump's win "to justify and amplify misogynistic derision and threats online" and that it was no longer an online-only phenomenon. It highlighted the phrase "Your body, my choice" being used against women coined by Nick Fuentes, along with the phrases "Get back in the kitchen" and "Repeal the 19th" receiving millions of views on X. It also reported that the phrases had moved offline, "with boys chanting ['Your body, my choice'] in middle schools or men directing it at women on college campuses", and highlighted a man holding a sign that read "Women Are Property" at Texas State University.[23]

## Themes and ideology

[edit]

The manosphere is a varied group of online communities[24] that includes men's-rights activists (MRAs),[2] incels (involuntary celibates),[3] Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW),[4] pick-up artists (PUAs),[5] and fathers' rights groups.[6] Some groups within the manosphere have adversarial relationships with one another.[25] Ging writes that subgroups such as MRAs and PUAs "exaggerate their differences in displays of infight posturing, in spite of the fact that their philosophies are almost identical".[26]

While the specifics of each group's beliefs sometimes conflict, the general ideology of manosphere groups centers on the promotion of masculinity, antifeminism, and misogyny.[27] In particular, feminists are portrayed as ignoring male victims of sexual assault and encouraging false rape accusations against men.[28] Journalist Caitlin Dewey argues that the main tenets of the manosphere can be reduced to (1) the corruption of modern society by feminism, in violation of inherent sex differences between men and women; and (2) the ability of men to save society or achieve sexual prowess by adopting a hyper-masculine role and forcing women to submit to them.[29] Criminologist Lisa Sugiura writes that disparate groups within the manosphere are "united by the central belief that feminine values, propelled by feminism, dominate society and promote a 'misandrist' ideology that needs to be overthrown".[20]

###  Jargon

[edit]

The manosphere has its own distinct jargon.[30] The idea of misandry (hatred of or prejudice against men) is commonly invoked, both as an equivalent to misogyny and a way to deny the existence of institutionalized sexism.[31] However, Sugiura writes that "there is little evidence to show that misandry is an issue affecting men's lives".[32] Both male and female homicide victims are more likely to have been killed by a man, rather than by a woman. Although feminism is described within the manosphere as a misandrist movement, there are no significant feminist groups dedicated to espousing hatred of men or encouraging female violence against men.[32]

A central tenet of the manosphere is the concept of the red pill, a metaphor borrowed from the film The Matrix. It concerns awakening men to the supposed reality that society is dominated by feminism and biased against men.[33] Manospherians believe that feminists and political correctness obscure this reality, and that men are victims who must fight to protect themselves.[34] Accepting the manosphere's ideology is equated with "taking the red pill" (sometimes abbreviated TRP), and those who do not are seen as "blue pilled" or as having "taken the blue pill".[35] Such terminology originated on the antifeminist subreddit /r/TheRedPill and was later taken up by men's rights and MGTOW sites.[36] Donna Zuckerberg writes, "The Red Pill represents a new phase in online misogyny. Its members not only mock and belittle women; they also believe that in our society, men are oppressed by women."[37]

Men are commonly divided into "alpha" and "beta" males[38] within an evolutionary-psychology framework, where "alphas" are seen as sexually dominant and attractive to women, who are hardwired to want sex with alphas but will pair with "beta" males for financial benefits. Among MRAs and PUAs this argument is known as "alpha fux beta bux".[39]

### Associated movements

[edit]

The manosphere overlaps with white-supremacist and far-right ideologies,[20] including the neoreactionary, white-nationalist alt-right movement.[9] Donna Zuckerberg writes that many alt-right members are either pick-up artists or MGTOW, and "the policing of white female sexuality is a major concern" of the alt-right.[40] The severity of the antifeminism espoused within these communities varies, with some espousing fairly mild sexism and others glorifying extreme misogyny.[41] Racism and xenophobia are also common among groups in the manosphere, and perceived threats against Western civilization are a popular topic.[42] Tracie Farrell of Open University and colleagues write that in addition to the "angry white men" associated with the alt-right, the manosphere also contains "men of colour, struggling with systemic racism that extends to beauty ideals and status".[43]

### Radicalization and violence

[edit]

The manosphere has been associated with online harassment, radicalizing men into misogynist beliefs and the glorification of violence against women.[10] Some sources have associated manosphere-based radicalization with mass shootings motivated by misogyny.[11] Robin Mamié of École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and colleagues associate radicalization into far-right ideologies via the manosphere with the idea of the alt-right pipeline.[44]

## Internet influence

[edit]

The manosphere comprises various websites, blogs, and online forums.[30] Noted sites include /r/TheRedPill, Return of Kings, and A Voice for Men, as well as (the now-defunct) PUAHate and SlutHate.[45]

Reddit has been a popular gathering place for manosphere supporters, and several forums on the site are geared toward its ideas.[46] However, in the late 2010s and 2020s Reddit began to take steps to discourage more extreme manosphere subreddits. Some were banned, such as /r/incels (banned in 2017), its successor /r/braincels (banned in 2018), and /r/MGTOW (banned in August 2021[47]); other subreddits such as /r/TheRedPill have been "quarantined", meaning that a warning is displayed to users about the content of the subreddit and users must sign in before they're allowed to enter.[48] As a result, some of these communities have found new homes on websites that are more welcoming of extreme content, such as Gab.[49]

Major figures within the movement include various social media influencers, including Andrew Tate, Amrou "Myron Gaines" Fudl, Adin Ross, Roosh V, Carl Benjamin and Jordan Peterson.[50][51][52] Some women have also lent credibility to the movement, including Hannah Pearl Davis.[53][54]

## Public perception

[edit]

Following the Isla Vista shooting, the killer Elliot Rodger was found to have been an active participant on the PUAHate manosphere forum.[55] The sociologist Michael Kimmel argued "it would be facile to argue the manosphere ... urged [Rodger] to do this. I think those places are kind of a solace ... They provide a kind of locker room, a place where guys can gripe about all the bad things that are being done to them by women".[56]

Arthur Goldwag described the manosphere in the Spring 2012 edition of the Southern Poverty Law Center's Intelligence Report as an "underworld of misogynists, woman-haters whose fury goes well beyond criticism of the family court system, domestic violence laws, and false rape accusations... [who are] devoted to attacking virtually all women (or, at least, Westernized ones)."[57] In 2018, the SPLC added male supremacy as a category they track on their list of hate groups.[58]

The British anti-extremism group Hope not Hate included the manosphere in its 2019 State of Hate report.[41]

### Podcasts

[edit]

As the manosphere’s influence spread through online forums and blogs, the rise of personality-driven shows brought about the “podcast bro” archetype—a host who blends the confident style of talk radio with the informality of internet broadcasting.[59] These hosts often discuss politics, pop culture, and current trends in a brash, conversational tone.[60] Low barriers to entry and the appeal of “authentic” storytelling have attracted a new generation of citizen broadcasters. Many build large followings or position themselves as authorities through personal charm alone.

Some podcast bros extend their influence by monetizing their personas. They sell branded merchandise, offer premium content, and host subscriber-only events. This business model mirrors what The Wall Street Journal calls the “new-wave” political podcast: fresh commentary delivered in a familiar media format.[61] Supporters argue that these hosts create community through opinionated, off-the-cuff discussion. Critics counter that the format can oversimplify complex social and political issues, risking misinformation and polarization.

## See also

[edit]

* Adolescence (2025), British series depicting the manosphere atmosphere
* Bro culture
* Complementarianism
* Femosphere
* Hegemonic masculinity
* Hannah Pearl Davis
* Identity politics
* Lad culture
* Masculism
* Maternalism
* Paternalism
* Matriarchy
* Patriarchy
* Jesse Lee Peterson
* The Red Pill
* Kevin Samuels
* Andrew Tate
* Toxic masculinity
* Nick Adams
* Fresh and Fit Podcast

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Lumsden (2019), pp. 98–99; Jane (2018), p. 662; Marwick & Lewis (2017), pp. 9, 13
2. ^ a b Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Nagle (2017), pp. 86–87; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Ging (2019), pp. 639, 644; Van Valkenburgh (2021), pp. 1–2
3. ^ a b Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Nagle (2017), pp. 92–93; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 15
4. ^ a b Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Nagle (2017), p. 93; Ging (2019), p. 644; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 19
5. ^ a b Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Nagle (2017), pp. 92–93; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Ging (2019), p. 644; Van Valkenburgh (2021), pp. 1–2; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 17
6. ^ a b Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 546; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Nicholas & Agius (2018), pp. 30, 34
7. ^ Sugiura (2021), p. 23; Winter (2019), pp. 51–54; Lumsden (2019), p. 99; Ging (2019), p. 640; Marche (2016)
8. ^ Winter (2019), pp. 51–54; Lumsden (2019), p. 99; Ging (2019), p. 640; Marche (2016)
9. ^ a b Nicholas & Agius (2018), p. 36; Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 11, 19–20; Nagle (2017), pp. 86–87
10. ^ a b Farrell et al. (2019), p. 87; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Van Valkenburgh (2021), pp. 1–2; Ging (2019), p. 640; Marwick & Lewis (2017), p. 29
11. ^ a b Lewis (2019); Dewey (2014); Tye (2021)
12. ^ Ging (2019), p. 640; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), pp. 1–2; Zuckerberg (2018), p. 21
13. ^ Ging (2019), p. 639; Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 14; Ribeiro et al. (2021), pp. 197–198
14. ^ a b c Ribeiro et al. (2021), pp. 197–198.
15. ^ Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; Blackburn, Jeremy; Bradlyn, Barry; Cristofaro, Emiliano De; Stringhini, Gianluca; Long, Summer; Greenberg, Stephanie; Zannettou, Savvas (May 22, 2021). "The Evolution of the Manosphere across the Web". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. 15: 196–207\. arXiv:2001.07600. doi:10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18053. ISSN 2334-0770.
16. ^ "The 'Manosphere'". ISD. Retrieved April 30, 2025.
17. ^ Barnes, Mariel J.; Karim, Sabrina M. (January 17, 2025). "The Manosphere and Politics". Comparative Political Studies: 00104140241312095. doi:10.1177/00104140241312095. ISSN 0010-4140.
18. ^ Steele, Anne. "Beyond the Manosphere: A New Wave of Popular Political Podcasts Ascends". WSJ. Retrieved April 30, 2025.
19. ^ Ribeiro et al. (2021), pp. 197–198; Nagle (2017), p. 15; Ging (2019), pp. 639–640
20. ^ a b c Sugiura (2021), p. 23.
21. ^ Ging (2019), p. 640.
22. ^ Jane (2018), p. 667.
23. ^ Fernando (2024).
24. ^

* Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 553: "The manosphere is an aggregate of diverse communities brought together by a common language that orients them in opposition to the discourse and rhetoric of feminism."
* Hodapp (2017), p. xv: "The manosphere is a group of loosely associated websites, blogs, and forums all concerned with masculinity and men's issues, and includes input from the MRM, pick-up artists, anti-feminists, and fathers' rights activists."
* Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 1904: "The Manosphere is now home to several different groups, including pickup artists, the more radical 'Incels', father's groups, Men's Rights Activists (MRAs) and the Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW) group and each has important differences that need to be unpacked."

25. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 13–16; Nagle (2017), pp. 15–19
26. ^ Ging (2019), p. 644.
27. ^

* Hodapp (2017), p. 8: "The MRM is related to the manosphere, a loose association of websites and organizations promoting certain forms of masculinity and generally expressing a disdain for feminism."
* Jane (2018), p. 662: "Despite some conflicting agendas and tribalism, [manosphere] groups are united by an antagonism towards women, a vehement opposition to feminism, and the production of hyperbolic misogynist discourse"
* Marwick & Lewis (2017), pp. 9, 13–14: "The 'manosphere' is a loose collection of blogs and forums devoted to men's rights, sexual strategy, and misogyny."

28. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 546.
29. ^ Dewey (2014), quoted in Hodapp (2017, p. xv)
30. ^ a b Hodapp (2017), p. xv.
31. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), pp. 553–554.
32. ^ a b Sugiura (2021), p. 21.
33. ^ Winter (2019), pp. 51–54; Lumsden (2019), p. 99; Ging (2019), p. 640; Marche (2016)
34. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 546; Lumsden (2019), p. 99; Lewis (2019)
35. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 1–2, 12–13; Nagle (2017), pp. 93–94; Friedland (2018), pp. 126–127; Ging (2019), p. 640
36. ^ Ging (2019), p. 645.
37. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), p. 15.
38. ^ Ging (2019), pp. 650–651; Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 109–110; Nagle (2017), pp. 88–89
39. ^ Ging (2019), p. 650.
40. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), p. 20.
41. ^ a b Lewis (2019).
42. ^ Lewis (2019); Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 2–9, 46; Nicholas & Agius (2018), p. 52
43. ^ Farrell et al. (2020), p. 229.
44. ^ Mamié, Ribeiro & West (2021).
45. ^ Hodapp (2017), p. xv; Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 2, 16, 140; Nagle (2017), pp. 88–100; Ging (2019), Note 3, p. 654
46. ^ Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), pp. 2–3; Ging (2019), pp. 645–646
47. ^ Thalen (2021).
48. ^ Jones, Trott & Wright (2020), p. 2; Van Valkenburgh (2021), pp. 17–18; Farrell et al. (2019), p. 92; Basu (2020)
49. ^ Basu (2020).
50. ^ Hall, Rachel (March 19, 2025). "Beyond Andrew Tate: the imitators who help promote misogyny online". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved April 4, 2025.
51. ^ Willingham, A. J. (September 8, 2022). "Misogynistic influencers are trending right now. Defusing their message is a complex task". CNN. Retrieved April 4, 2025.
52. ^ Devries, Melody; Bessant, Judith; Watts, Rob (July 29, 2021). Rise of the Far Right: Technologies of Recruitment and Mobilization. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 122\. ISBN 978-1-78661-493-3.
53. ^ Spencer-Elliott, Lydia (March 23, 2023). "Meet Pearl Davis: The anti-feminist influencer raising a new generation of misogynists online". The Tab. Retrieved August 12, 2023.
54. ^ Treacy, Paul (September 13, 2023). Jesus and the Manosphere. WestBow Press. ISBN 979-8-3850-0557-4.
55. ^ Zuckerberg (2018), pp. 139–140; Nagle (2017), pp. 99–100
56. ^ Nelson (2014).
57. ^ Goldwag (2012a).
58. ^ Janik (2018).
59. ^ Bozzi, Nicola (January 1, 2025). "Platforming the Joe Rogan Experience: Cancel Culture, Comedy, and Infrastructure". Television & New Media. 26 (1): 74–87\. doi:10.1177/15274764241277476. ISSN 1527-4764.
60. ^ Steele, Anne. "Beyond the Manosphere: A New Wave of Popular Political Podcasts Ascends". WSJ. Retrieved April 30, 2025.
61. ^ Steele, Anne. "Beyond the Manosphere: A New Wave of Popular Political Podcasts Ascends". WSJ. Retrieved April 30, 2025.

## References

[edit]

* Basu, Tanya (February 7, 2020). "The 'manosphere' is getting more toxic as angry men join the incels". MIT Technology Review.
* Dewey, Caitlin (May 27, 2014). "Inside the 'manosphere' that inspired Santa Barbara shooter Elliot Rodger". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
* Farrell, Tracie; Fernandez, Miriam; Novotny, Jakub; Alani, Harith (2019). "Exploring Misogyny across the Manosphere in Reddit" (PDF). WebSci '19: Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Web Science. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 87–96\. doi:10.1145/3292522.3326045. ISBN 978-1-4503-6202-3. S2CID 195776677.
* Farrell, Tracie; Araque, Oscar; Fernandez, Miriam; Alani, Harith (2020). "On the use of Jargon and Word Embeddings to Explore Subculture within the Reddit's Manosphere" (PDF). WebSci '20: Proceedings of the 12th ACM Conference on Web Science. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 221–230\. doi:10.1145/3394231.3397912. ISBN 978-1-4503-7989-2. S2CID 219980233.
* Fernando, Christine (November 30, 2024). "Emboldened 'manosphere' accelerates threats and demeaning language toward women after US election". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 16, 2025. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
* Friedland, Roger (2018). "Donald's Dick: A Man Against the Institutions". In Mast, Jason L.; Alexander, Jeffrey C. (eds.). Politics of Meaning/Meaning of Politics: Cultural Sociology of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 115–133\. doi:10.1111/soin.12328. ISBN 978-3-319-95944-3. S2CID 210440082.
* Ging, Debbie (2019). "Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere". Men and Masculinities. 22 (4): 638–657\. doi:10.1177/1097184x17706401. ISSN 1097-184X. S2CID 149239953.
* Goldwag, Arthur (March 1, 2012a). "Leader's Suicide Brings Attention to Men's Rights Movement". Intelligence Report (Spring 2012). Southern Poverty Law Center.
* Goldwag, Arthur (May 15, 2012b). "Intelligence Report Article Provokes Fury Among Men's Rights Activists". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
* Hodapp, Christa (2017). Men's Rights, Gender, and Social Media. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-49-852617-3.
* Jane, Emma A. (2018). "Systemic misogyny exposed: Translating Rapeglish from the Manosphere with a Random Rape Threat Generator". International Journal of Cultural Studies. 21 (6): 661–680\. doi:10.1177/1367877917734042. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_57132. ISSN 1367-8779. S2CID 149078033.
* Janik, Rachel (April 24, 2018). "'I laugh at the death of normies': How incels are celebrating the Toronto mass killing". Hatewatch. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
* Jones, Callum; Trott, Verity; Wright, Scott (2020). "Sluts and soyboys: MGTOW and the production of misogynistic online harassment". New Media & Society. 22 (10): 1903–1921\. doi:10.1177/1461444819887141. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 210530415.
* Lewis, Helen (August 7, 2019). "To Learn About the Far Right, Start With the 'Manosphere'". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
* Lumsden, Karen (2019). "'"I Want to Kill You in Front of Your Children" Is Not a Threat. It's an Expression of a Desire': Discourses of Online Abuse, Trolling, and Violence on r/MensRights". In Lumsden, Karen; Harmer, Emily (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 91–115\. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12633-9_4. ISBN 978-3-03-012632-2. S2CID 182589139 – via ResearchGate.'"I+Want+to+Kill+You+in+Front+of+Your+Children"+Is+Not+a+Threat.+It's+an+Expression+of+a+Desire':+Discourses+of+Online+Abuse,+Trolling,+and+Violence+on+r/MensRights&rft.btitle=Online+Othering:+Exploring+Digital+Violence+and+Discrimination+on+the+Web&rft.place=Cham&rft.pages=91-115&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:182589139#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/978-3-030-12633-9_4&rft.isbn=978-3-03-012632-2&rft.aulast=Lumsden&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332601717&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Manosphere" class="Z3988">
* Mamié, Robin; Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; West, Robert (2021). "Are Anti-Feminist Communities Gateways to the Far Right? Evidence from Reddit and YouTube". WebSci '21: Proceedings of the 13th ACM Web Science Conference 2021. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 139–147\. arXiv:2102.12837. doi:10.1145/3447535.3462504. ISBN 978-1-4503-8330-1. S2CID 232045966.
* Marche, Stephen (April 14, 2016). "Swallowing the Red Pill: a journey to the heart of modern misogyny". The Guardian. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
* Marwick, Alice E.; Caplan, Robyn (2018). "Drinking male tears: language, the manosphere, and networked harassment". Feminist Media Studies. 18 (4): 543–559\. doi:10.1080/14680777.2018.1450568. ISSN 1468-0777. S2CID 149246142.
* Marwick, Alice; Lewis, Rebecca (May 15, 2017). Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online (Report). New York: Data & Society Research Institute. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
* Nagle, Angela (2017). Kill All Normies: Online Culture Wars From 4Chan And Tumblr To Trump And The Alt-Right. Alresford, UK: Zero Books. ISBN 978-1-78535-543-1.
* Nelson, Libby (May 29, 2014). "'Aggrieved entitlement' in the Isla Vista shooting". Vox. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
* Nicholas, Lucy; Agius, Christine (2018). The Persistence of Global Masculinism: Discourse, Gender and Neo-Colonial Re-Articulations of Violence. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-319-68360-7.
* Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; Blackburn, Jeremy; Bradlyn, Barry; et al. (2021). "The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. Vol. 15\. Palo Alto, Calif.: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. pp. 196–207\. arXiv:2001.07600v5. doi:10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18053. ISBN 978-1-57735-869-5. ISSN 2334-0770.
* Sugiura, Lisa (2021). "The Emergence and Development of the Manosphere". The Incel Rebellion: The Rise of the Manosphere and the Virtual War Against Women. Bingley, England: Emerald Publishing Limited. pp. 15–36\. doi:10.1108/978-1-83982-254-420211004. ISBN 978-1-83982-254-4.
* Thalen, Mikael (August 3, 2021). "Reddit bans notorious anti-feminist subreddit 'Men Going Their Own Way'". The Daily Dot. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
* Tye, Charlie (August 16, 2021). "Inside the warped world of incel extremists". The Conversation. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
* Van Valkenburgh, Shawn P. (2021). "Digesting the Red Pill: Masculinity and Neoliberalism in the Manosphere". Men and Masculinities. 24: 84–103\. doi:10.1177/1097184X18816118. ISSN 1097-184X.
* Winter, Aaron (2019). "Online Hate: From the Far-Right to the 'Alt-Right' and from the Margins to the Mainstream". In Lumsden, Karen; Harmer, Emily (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 39–64\. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12633-9_2. ISBN 978-3-03-012632-2.
* Zuckerberg, Donna (2018). Not All Dead White Men: Classics and Misogyny in the Digital Age. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97555-2. OCLC 1020311558.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Baker, Peter C. (June 13, 2017). "Hunting the Manosphere". The New York Times Magazine. ISSN 0028-7822.
* Baumgärtner, Maik; Höfner, Roman; Müller, Ann-Katrin; Rosenbach, Marcel (March 10, 2021). "Hatred Against Women: The Dark World of Extremist Misogyny". Der Spiegel.
* Ellis, Emma Grey (July 10, 2019). "Reddit's 'Manosphere' and the Challenge of Quantifying Hate". Wired.
* Fountain, Aaron Jr. (December 28, 2018). "It's not just white incels. We need to talk about the Black Manosphere, too". The Black Youth Project. University of Chicago; Center for the Study of Race, Politics and Culture.
* H.C. (July 25, 2016). "What is the manosphere?". The Economist.
* Rich, Ben; Bujalka, Eva (February 12, 2023). "The draw of the 'manosphere': understanding Andrew Tate's appeal to lost men". The Conversation.

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Masculism

Concepts|

| Gender discrimination|

* Gender equality
* Gender marking in job titles
* Gender pay gap
* Hegemonic masculinity
* Occupational sexism
* Sexual harassment

|

Marriage and reproduction|

* Marriage of convenience
* Paper abortion
* Paternal bond
* Paternal rights and abortion
* Paternalism
* Paternity fraud
* Patrilineality
* Sperm theft
* Stay-at-home dad
* Tender years doctrine
* Trophy wife

Crime|

* Men's shelter
* Sex differences in crime

Sexual|

* Human male sexuality
* Testosterone poisoning
* Virility

Other|

* Herbivore men
* Manosphere
* Masculine beauty ideal
* Men's health
* Human sex ratio

Movements|

* Men's movement
* Men's liberation movement
* Men's rights movement
* India
* Mythopoetic men's movement
* Men Going Their Own Way

| Fathers' rights movement|

* By country
* Australia
* Italy
* United Kingdom
* United States

|

People|

* Robert Bly
* Jack Donovan
* Warren Farrell
* Cassie Jaye
* Michael Kimmel
* Michael Messner
* Erin Pizzey
* Bettina Arndt

Remembrance days|

* International Men's Day

Issues|

| Violence|

* Dating violence
* Domestic violence against men
* Forced circumcision
* Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! controversy
* Conflict tactics scale
* Male rape
* Misandry

|

Sexism|

* Androcracy
* Androcentrism

* Category

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Manosphere

Groups|

* A Voice for Men
* Fathers' rights movement
* Incels
* Idaenam
* Male State
* Men Going Their Own Way
* Men's rights movement
* National Coalition for Men
* Pickup artistry
* Proud Boys

People|

* Nick Adams
* Andrew Anglin
* Bronze Age Pervert
* Mike Cernovich
* Hannah Pearl Davis
* Vox Day
* Jack Donovan
* Rollo Tomassi
* Robert Fisher
* Fresh and Fit Podcast
* Nick Fuentes
* Gonzalo Lira
* Gavin McInnes
* Stefan Molyneux
* Jack Murphy
* Jordan Peterson
* Jesse Lee Peterson
* Roosh V
* Kevin Samuels
* Andrew Tate
* Milo Yiannopoulos

Related topics|

* 2021 Denver and Lakewood shootings
* 4chan
* Alt-right
* American Psycho
* Dark Enlightenment
* Gamergate controversy
* Masculism
* #MeToo
* Mythopoetic men's movement
* Southern Poverty Law Center
* The Manipulated Man
* Feminism
* Antifeminism
* Gynocentrism
* Honey badger
* Alpha and beta male
* Sigma male
* Cuckservative
* Chad
* ForoCoches
* Ilbe Storehouse
* Red pill and blue pill
* The Red Pill
* Groypers
* Soy boy
* Simp
* Sneako
* Social justice warrior

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Alt-right

Ideas|

| Core|

* American Nationalism
* Antifeminism
* Fourteen Words
* Ghost skin
* White ethnostate
* White nationalism
* White supremacy

|

Conspiracy
theories|

* Cultural Marxism
* Eurabia
* George Soros
* Great Replacement
* Homosexual agenda
* Kalergi Plan
* Murder of Seth Rich
* New World Order
* Pizzagate
* White genocide
* Zionist Occupation Government

Related|

* Alt-lite
* Alt-right pipeline
* Boogaloo movement
* Christian Identity
* DezNat
* Identitarian movement
* Incel
* Kinism
* Manosphere
* Men Going Their Own Way
* Neo-Confederates
* Neo-fascism
* Neo-nationalism
* Neo-Nazism
* Nouvelle Droite
* Paleoconservatism
* Paleolibertarianism
* QAnon
* Radical right
* Reactionary
* Dark Enlightenment
* Third Position
* Ultraconservatism

Online
culture|

| Alt-tech|

* 4chan
* /pol/
* 8chan
* BitChute
* Epik
* Gab
* Gettr
* Minds
* Parler
* Terrorgram
* Truth Social
* Voat (defunct)

|

Websites|

* American Renaissance
* Breitbart News
* The Daily Stormer
* Infowars
* Kingdom Identity Ministries
* Kuruc.info
* Metapedia
* Occidental Observer
* The Occidental Quarterly
* Rebel News
* Red Ice
* Reddit (r/The_Donald)
* The Right Stuff
* StoneToss
* Stormfront
* TruNews
* Vanguard News Network
* VDARE
* WorldNetDaily

Memes|

* "Basket of deplorables"
* "Beta male"
* "Cuckservative"
* Fashwave
* Happy Merchant
* "It's okay to be white"
* Moon Man
* NPC
* OK gesture
* "Owning the libs"
* Pepe the Frog
* "Red pill and blue pill"
* Right Wing Death Squad
* "Remove Kebab"
* "Shadilay"
* "Snowflake"
* "Social justice warrior"
* Trash Doves
* Triple parentheses
* Undercut

Groups|

* AltRight Corporation
* American Freedom Party
* Anti-Communist Action
* The Base
* Deplorable Pride
* Diagolon
* Groypers
* Hundred-Handers
* Identity Evropa (defunct)
* Les Identitaires
* National Policy Institute
* Patriot Front
* Patriot Prayer
* Proud Boys
* Rise Above Movement
* Traditionalist Worker Party (defunct)
* Vanguard America
* Washington Summit Publishers

Events|

| Incidents|

* Berkeley protests
* Comicsgate
* DeploraBall
* End Domestic Terrorism rally
* Gamergate
* Macron e-mail leaks
* Unite the Right rally
* Unite the Right 2

|

Attacks|

* Assault of DeAndre Harris
* Charlottesville car attack
* Christchurch mosque shootings
* Murder of Blaze Bernstein
* Murder of Timothy Caughman
* Pittsburgh synagogue shooting
* Portland train attack

Lists|

* Timeline of activities involving the Proud Boys

People|

* James Allsup
* Andrew Anglin
* Andrew "weev" Auernheimer
* Steve Bannon
* Theodore "Vox Day" Beale
* Carl "Sargon of Akkad" Benjamin
* Owen Benjamin
* Peter Brimelow
* Christopher Cantwell
* Mike Cernovich
* Alain de Benoist
* John Derbyshire
* Jack Donovan
* David Duke
* Mike Enoch
* Guillaume Faye
* Haakon Forwald
* Daniel Friberg
* Nick Fuentes
* Jean-François Gariépy
* Ben Garrison
* Austin "Augustus Sol Invictus" Gillespie
* Tim "Baked Alaska" Gionet
* Jim Goad
* Faith Goldy
* Paul Gottfried
* Matthew Heimbach
* Michael A. Hoffman II
* Sam Hyde
* Dillon Irizarry
* Charles C. Johnson
* Greg Johnson
* William Daniel Johnson
* Alex Jones
* Jason Jorjani
* Ruuben Kaalep
* Tom Kawcyznski
* Jason Kessler
* Douglas Murray
* Steve King
* Elliott Kline
* Nick Land
* Lana Lokteff
* Laura Loomer
* Norman Lowell
* Kevin MacDonald
* Jeremy MacKenzie
* Stephen McNallen
* Merlin Miller
* Stephen Miller
* Stefan Molyneux
* Paul Nehlen
* Paul "GypsyCrusader" Nicholas Miller
* Ethan Nordean
* Jack Posobiec
* Bronze Age Pervert
* Paul Ray Ramsey
* William Regnery II
* Colin "Millennial Woes" Robertson
* Thomas Rousseau
* Steve Sailer
* Martin Sellner
* Lauren Southern
* Richard B. Spencer
* Brett Stevens
* Jared Taylor
* Tila Tequila
* Daryush "Roosh V" Valizadeh
* Paul Joseph Watson
* Lucian Wintrich
* Curtis Yarvin
* Milo Yiannopoulos

Opposition
and
criticism|

| People|

* Antifa
* Steven "Destiny" Bonnell II
* Ian "Vaush" Kochinski
* Harry "Hbomberguy" Brewis
* Ian "Innuendo Studios" Danskin
* Robert Evans
* Emily Gorcenski
* Daryle Lamont Jenkins
* Angela Nagle
* David Neiwert
* Shaun
* Abigail "Philosophy Tube" Thorn
* Natalie "ContraPoints" Wynn
* Donna Zuckerberg

|

Media|

* Alt-America
* Angry Goy II
* Culture Warlords
* Devil's Bargain
* Feels Good Man
* I Don't Speak German
* It Came from Something Awful
* Kill All Normies
* Knowledge Fight
* White Right: Meeting the Enemy

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