Mar Adda

Manichaen missionary

Mar Adda (Chinese: 末阿达), was one of the twelve apostles of Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, the year of birth and death is unknown.[1]

Dispatched by Manichaeus, Morada, who was the bishop at the time, entered Roman Empire to spread Manichaeism.[2] Apostle Pattīg and Gabryab were walking with him. Pattig returned to Mani in Mesopotamia a year later, and Mani sent three more clerks to bring "The Gospel of Life" And the other two scriptures to Malada. Morada continued Patig's mission and continued to preach in the Roman Empire. He established many monasteries, selected many elect and hearers, wrote some essays, and used wisdom as a weapon to argue with believers of other religions. He converted many people to Manichaeism in Alexandria, where he performed miracles. Mar Adda cured Nafšā (Nafšā) in Palmyra, so that she and her sisters and family, Queen Tadī and her husband, the lord of Palmyra, Septimi Septimius all converted to Manichaeism.[3]

The timing of Mar Adda's activities in the Roman Empire is still uncertain. Some scholars believe that it was between 244 and 261-262 AD,[4] or alternatively around 241 AD.[5]

Mar Adda is not mentioned much in the Eastern Manichaean Church, but it also occupies an important position. In the Dunhuang manuscript, "Incomplete scripture of Manichaeism" begins with Mar Adda asking Mani about the origin of the world.[6]

## See

[edit]

* Manichaeism
* Mani
* Mar Sisin

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Cologne Mani Codex, p. 165.6; see ``Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik V, 1970, p. 111, n. 32
2. ^ Andreas-Henning, Mir. Man. II, p. 301ff.
3. ^ ie, of Zenobia? See W. Sundermann, “Iranische Lebensbeschreibungen Manis,”Acta Orientalia 36, 1974, p. 137; N. Sims-Williams in W. Sundermann, Mitteliranische manichäische Texte, pp. 41ff .
4. ^ "Iranica, Abh. der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen," phil.-hist. Kl., 1934, p. 71
5. ^ Sundermann, “Iranische Lebensbeschreibungen,” pp. 95, 102
6. ^ Chavannes et P. Pelliot, “Un traité manichéen retrouvé en Chine, traduit et annoté",Journal Asiatique (JA), 10. sér., X VIII, 1911, pp.509, n. (4 ).

## Bibliography

[edit]

* See also Hegemonius, Acta Archelai, ed. C. H. Beeson, Leipzig, 1906, pp. 5.5, 22.4, 93.16.
* P. Alfaric, Les écritures manichéennes, Paris, 1918, pp. 104–05.
* R. Jolivet and M. Jourjon, eds., Oeuvres de Saint Augustin 17: Six traités manichéennes, Paris, 1961, pp. 203–05
* O. Klima, Manis Zeit und Leben, Prague, 1962, pp. 498–99.
* J. P. Asmussen, Xuāstvānīft, Copenhagen, 1965, p. 21.
* W. Sundermann, Mitteliranische manichäische Texte kirchengeschichtlichen Inhalts, Berliner Turfantexte XI, Berlin, 1981, pp. 25ff., 34ff.

* v
* t
* e

Manichaeism

Prophets|

* Mani (Founder)
* Jesus
* Sakyamuni
* Zarathustra
* Narayana
* Seth

Scripture|

* Seven treatises of Manichaeism (Gospel of Mani, Treasure of Life, The Epistles, The Book of Mysteries, Pragmateia, The Book of Giants, Psalms and Prayers)
* Book of Pictures
* Shabuhragan

Extracanonical
literature|

* New Testament
* Fundamental Epistle
* Manichaean Psalm Book
* Psalms of Thomas
* Kephalaia
* Xuastvanift
* Cologne Mani-Codex
* Medinet Madi library
* Dunhuang Manichaean texts
* Xiabuzan
* Manichaean Compendium
* Incomplete scripture of Manichaeism
* Irk Bitig†
* Turpan Manichaean texts
* Sogdian-language Manichaean letter
* Xiapu Manichaean manuscripts
* Moni Guangfo

Theology|

* Father of Greatness
* Prince of Darkness
* Zarathustra in Manichaeism
* The Buddha in Manichaeism
* Jesus in Manichaeism
* Two Principles and Three Moments
* Gnosis
* Messenger of Light
* Xroshtag and Padvaxtag
* Archon
* Asrestar

History|

* Apostles
* Mar Ammo
* Mar Sisin
* Mar Zaku
* Mar Adda
* Shad Ohrmazd
* Mihr
* Faustus
* Agapius
* Aphthonius
* Hegemonius
* Marcus
* Three Persian religions
* Huichang Persecution of Manichaeism
* Bögü Qaghan
* Sergius-Tychicus
* East-West Schism
* Amr ibn Adi
* Abū Hilāl al-Dayhūri
* Lü Shinang
* Synod of Gangra
* Lin Deng
* Persecution
* Uyghur Khaganate
* Cangnan Stele
* Qianku

Sects|

* See of Babylon
* Denawars
* Astati
* Chinese Manichaeism
* Miqlāsiyya

Organisation|

* Archegos
* Patriarch
* Apostle
* Bishop
* Presbyter
* Elect
* Hearers

Commandments|

* Three Seals
* Pañcavidyā

Rituals|

* Eucharist
* Evangelism
* Repentance
* Fasting

Buildings|

* Cao'an
* Puxi Fushou Palace [zh]
* Flying Road Pagoda [zh]
* Leshan Temple [zh]

Visual art|

* Birth of Mani
* Book of Pictures
* Diagram of the Universe
* Episodes from Mani's Missionary Work
* Icon of Mani
* Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4959
* Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4974
* Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 4979
* Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 6368
* Leaf from a Manichaean book MIK III 8259
* Mani's Community Established
* Mani's Parents
* Manichaean stone reliefs of Shangwan village
* Manichaean temple banner MIK III 6286
* Manichaean wall painting MIK III 6918
* Painting of the Buddha Jesus
* Sealstone of Mani
* Sermon on Mani's Teaching of Salvation
* Veneration of the Tree of Life

Writing system|

* Manichaean script
* Manichaean (Unicode block)

In fiction|

* Ming Cult
* The Gardens of Light
* Story of the Twin Dragons of Great Tang
* The Secret of Heaven

Notes: † mainly a Tengrist text but recorded in a Manichaean monastery
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template