Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path

Ideology developed by the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

Part of a series on

Communism in Nepal

People

* Tulsi Lal Amatya
* Keshar Jung Rayamajhi
* Man Mohan Adhikari
* Pushpa Lal Shrestha
* Sahana Pradhan
* Mohan Bikram Singh
* Jhala Nath Khanal
* Madan Bhandari
* C. P. Mainali
* Khadga Prasad Oli
* Madhav Kumar Nepal
* Baburam Bhattarai
* Pushpa Kamal Dahal

History

* Revolution of 1951
* 1953 Kathmandu municipal election
* Jhapa rebellion
* Sector Kanda
* 1990 People's Movement
* 1991 general election
* People's Multiparty Democracy
* Adhikari cabinet
* Nepalese Civil War
* 2002 Achham incident
* 2004 Beni attack
* Second Battle of Khara
* 2006 Democracy Movement
* Comprehensive Peace Accord
* 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly
* 2013 Constituent Assembly elections
* Constitution of Nepal 2015
* 2021 split in Nepalese communist parties

Principles

* Agrarian socialism
* Anti-imperialism
* Federalism
* Left-wing populism
* Left-wing nationalism
* Marxism–Leninism
* Maoism
* Multi-party democracy
* People's war
* Representative democracy
* Welfare

Current organisations

* ANDYA
* ANDYA (RJM)
* ANNFSU
* ANNISU (R)
* ANNISU (Sixth) (RJM)
* ANNISU (Unified)
* ANWA (R)
* CPN (2013)
* CPN (Maoist) (2014)
* CPN (Maoist Centre)
* CPN (Marxist) (2006)
* CPN (Masal) (2006)
* CPN (ML) (2002)
* CPN (MLM) Samyabadi
* CPN (United)
* CPN (UML)
* CPN (Revolutionary Maoist)
* GEFONT
* Jatiya Samata Samaj
* Nepal Rastriya Dalit Mukti Sangathan
* Nepal Samyabadi Dal
* Nepal Utpidit Dalit Jatiya Mukti Samaj
* NWPP
* NNTA
* NPSF
* NRSU
* PLA
* RJM
* YCL

Defunct organisations

* ANCRCC (ML)
* ANNFSU (Sixth)
* Barre Sangarsh Samuha
* Communist League
* CPN (2006)
* CPN (4th Convention)
* CPN (Amatya)
* CPN (Burma)
* CPN (D)
* CPN (Janamukhi)
* CPN (Manmohan)
* CPN (Marxist) (1st)
* CPN (Marxist) (2nd)
* CPN (Masal)
* CPN (Masal) (1999)
* CPN (Mashal)
* CPN (Matri Samuha)
* CPN (ML)
* CPN (ML) (1998)
* CPN (MLM)
* CPN (MLM Centre)
* CPN (Pushpa Lal)
* CPN (UC)
* CPN (UC–M)
* CPN (UM)
* CPN (Unified)
* CPN (United)
* CPN-ML (Samajbadi)
* Janamorcha Nepal
* Mukti Morcha Samuha
* NCL
* NCP
* Nepal Red Communist Party
* NWPO (D.P. Singh)
* NWPO (Hareram Sharma)
* NRO (ML)
* NSP (Malema)
* People's Democratic United Front
* Proletarian Communist League
* Proletarian Revolutionary Organisation, Nepal
* Rebel Unity Centre
* Revolutionary Communist Organisation, Nepal
* Revolutionary Communist Organising Committee
* Revolutionary Left Wing
* Sandesh Samuha
* SJM
* ULF (1990)
* ULF (2002)
* UNPM

Related topics

* Elections in Nepal
* History of Nepal
* List of communist parties in Nepal
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Prachanda Path
* Nepalese democracy movement
* Politics of Nepal
* Socialist Front
* Women in the Nepalese Civil War

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Part of a series on

Maoism

Concepts

* Agrarian socialism
* Antagonistic contradiction
* Anti-imperialism
* Anti-revisionism
* Capitalist roader
* Comprador
* Continuous revolution theory
* Cultural Revolution
* Four Olds
* Marxism–Leninism
* Mass line
* Newborn socialist things
* New Democracy
* One Divides into Two
* People's war
* Probable defeat
* Proletarian nation
* Revolutionary base area
* Seek truth from facts
* Self-criticism
* Social imperialism
* Three Worlds Theory

Variants

* Maoism–Third Worldism
* Mao-spontex
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Gonzalo Thought
* Prachanda Path
* Deng Xiaoping Theory
* Naxalism

People

* Mao Zedong
* Faiz Ahmad
* Salim Rubaya Ali
* Louis Althusser
* Samir Amin
* Bob Avakian
* Alain Badiou
* Mohan Baidya
* Afzal Bangash
* Charles Bettelheim
* Biplav
* Bo Xilai
* Chen Boda
* Chin Peng
* Pushpa Kamal Dahal
* Saroj Dutta
* Norm Gallagher
* Abimael Guzmán
* Harry Haywood
* Ted Hill
* George Jackson
* İbrahim Kaypakkaya
* Jiang Qing
* Kang Sheng
* Li Minqi
* Lin Biao
* Charu Majumdar
* Pierre Mulele
* Huey P. Newton
* Nie Yuanzi
* Qi Benyu
* Muppala Lakshmana Rao
* Narayan Sanyal
* Siraj Sikder
* Jose Maria Sison
* Wang Hongwen
* Yao Wenyuan
* Akram Yari
* Zhang Chunqiao

Theoretical works

* Report on an Investigation of the Peasant
Movement in Hunan (1927)
* On Contradiction (1937)
* On Practice (1937)
* On Guerrilla Warfare (1937)
* On Protracted War (1938)
* On the Ten Major Relationships (1956)
* On the Correct Handling of Contradictions
Among the People (1957)
* A Critique of Soviet Economics (1960)
* Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung (1964)
* Historic Eight Documents (1965—1966)
* Bombard the Headquarters (1966)
* Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat (1983)

History

* Chinese Soviet Republic
* Jiangxi Soviet
* Long March
* Chinese Communist Revolution
* People's Republic of China
* 1949–1976
* 1976–1989
* 1989–2002
* 2002–present
* Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries
* Korean War
* Sino-Soviet split
* Great Leap Forward
* Black Power movement
* Cultural Revolution
* 16 May Notification
* Red August
* January Storm
* Down to the Countryside Movement
* New Communist movement
* Cambodian Civil War
* Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
* Naxalbari uprising
* New People's Army rebellion
* Sino-Albanian split
* Maoist insurgency in Turkey
* Death and funeral of Mao
* Cambodian–Vietnamese War
* Two Whatevers
* Internal conflict in Peru
* Nepalese Civil War
* Chongqing model

Organizations

* Chinese Communist Party
* Shining Path
* National Democratic Front of the Philippines
* Communist Party of the Philippines
* New People's Army
* Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist
* Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
* Communist Party of India (Maoist)
* Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party
* Communist Party of Burma
* Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun
* Serve the People
* Black Panther Party
* Revolutionary Internationalist Movement
* Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan
* Maoist Communist Party of China

Related topics

* Anarchism in China
* Big-character poster
* Feudal fascism
* Hoxhaism
* Guevarism
* Juche
* Left communism in China
* Mao's cult of personality
* Nanjie
* National Democracy Movement
* Naxalite
* Nazi-Maoism
* New Left
* Chinese
* Japanese
* Red Guards
* Red Star Over China
* Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
* Thought reform in China

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Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path (Nepali: मालेमावाद र प्रचण्डपथ Mālemāvād ra Prachaṇḍapath; sometimes shortened to Prachanda Path) is the ideological line of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), also known as the UCPN(M). It is considered a development of Marxism–Leninism–Maoism (MLM) and named after the leader of the UCPN(M), Pushpa Kamal Dahal, commonly known as Prachanda.[1] Prachanda Path was proclaimed in 2001. The ideology was partially inspired by the example of the Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path, which refers to its ideological line as Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought.[2]

Prachanda Path does not claim to make an ideological break with Marxism, Leninism or Maoism, but rather to be an extension of these ideologies based on the politics of Nepal. The doctrine came into existence after the party determined that the ideologies of Marxism, Leninism and Maoism could no longer be practiced completely as they had been in the past. The party adopted Prachanda Path as they felt it was a suitable ideology based on the reality of Nepalese politics. Militarily and in the context of the 1996–2006 civil war in Nepal, central to the ideology was the achievement of revolution through the control of rural areas and the encirclement of urban settlements.[1]

Today, Prachanda's positions are seen by some Marxist–Leninist–Maoists around the world as "revisionist"[3] and are criticized by revolutionary organizations within Nepal. These criticisms focus on the entry of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) into mainstream party politics in Nepal. These criticisms have also drawn on the cooperation between UCPN-M under Pushpa Kamal Dahal and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist).[4]

Mural in Kathmandu with the slogan "Long Live Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path"

## See also

[edit]

* People's Liberation Army, Nepal
* People's Multiparty Democracy

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Jerryson, Michael (2013). Jerryson, Michael; Juergensmeyer, Mark; Kitts, Margo (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence. Oxford University Press. p. 610\. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199759996.001.0001. ISBN 9780199759996.
2. ^ Maske, Mahesh (December 2002). "Maovichar". Studies in Nepali History and Society. 7 (2): 275.
3. ^ "Prachanda, Follower of Modern Revisionism". EspressoStalinist. 28 July 2011. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015.
4. ^ "The (Re)Birth of the Nepal Communist Party". The Diplomat.

## External links

[edit]

* A collection of articles by Prachanda and other leaders of the CPN (Maoist)
* Prachanda, follower of modern revisionism critique of Prachanda Path

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Marxism–Leninism

Concepts|

* Administrative-command system
* Aggravation of class struggle under socialism
* Anti-imperialism
* Anti-fascism
* Anti-revisionism
* Central planning
* Soviet-type economic planning
* Commanding heights of the economy
* Developed socialism
* Dialectical logic
* Dialectical materialism
* Foco
* Labour aristocracy
* Marxist–Leninist atheism
* Partiinost'
* People's democracy
* People's democratic revolution
* Popular front
* Proletarian internationalism
* Self-criticism
* Social fascism
* Socialism in one country
* Socialist patriotism
* Soviet
* Theory of the productive forces
* Third Period
* Wars of national liberation

State forms|

* People's democratic state
* National democratic state
* Socialist state
* State of socialist orientation
* Socialist state of the whole people

Class system|

* Dictatorship of the proletariat
* People's democratic dictatorship

Political system|

| Party|

* Central committee
* General Secretary of the Communist Party
* Politburo
* Secretariat
* Vanguardism

|

State|

* Permanent organ of the supreme state organ of power
* Special committees of the supreme state organ of power
* Supreme executive and administrative organ
* Supreme state organ of power
* Leading role of the party
* Transmission belt
* Unified power
* Unified state apparatus

Hybrid|

* Civilian control of the military
* Collective leadership
* Cult of personality
* Democratic centralism

Variants|

* Cuban
* (Fidelismo
* Guevarism)
* Ho Chi Minh Thought
* Hoxhaism
* Husakism
* Juche
* (Songun
* Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism
* Kimjongunism)
* Kadarism
* Khrushchevism
* Maoism
* (Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Gonzalo Thought
* Naxalism
* Prachanda Path
* Mao-spontex
* Islamic Maoism
* Pantherism
* (Intercommunalism)
* New Synthesis
* Mulelism)
* Kaysone Phomvihane Thought
* National
* Pol Potism
* African
* (Sankarism
* Machelism
* Nkrumaism)
* Socialism with Chinese characteristics
* (Dengism
* Three Represents
* Scientific Outlook on Development
* Xi Jinping Thought)
* Stalinism
* (Neo-Stalinism)
* People's Multiparty Democracy
* American
* (Bill of Rights socialism
* Browderism
* Marcyism
* New Communism)
* Dubčekism
* Zachariadism
* Brezhnevism
* Taistoism
* Titoism
* (Đilasism
* Rankovićism)

People|

* Joseph Stalin
* Mao Zedong
* John Maclean
* James Connolly
* Ernst Thälmann
* Khorloogiin Choibalsan
* Ehmetjan Qasim
* José Díaz
* Maurice Thorez
* Palmiro Togliatti
* Dolores Ibárruri
* Harry Pollitt
* Rajani Palme Dutt
* Ho Chi Minh
* Võ Nguyên Giáp
* Earl Browder
* Nikita Khrushchev
* Walter Ulbricht
* Josip Broz Tito
* Mátyás Rákosi
* Lazar Kaganovich
* Georgi Dimitrov
* Bolesław Bierut
* Willie Gallacher
* Valko Chervenkov
* Klement Gottwald
* Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
* Enver Hoxha
* Kaysone Phomvihane
* Khalid Bakdash
* Leonid Brezhnev
* Deng Xiaoping
* Pol Pot
* Nikos Zachariadis
* Che Guevara
* Fidel Castro
* Agostinho Neto
* Mengistu Haile Mariam
* Kim Il Sung
* Chin Peng
* Sanzō Nosaka
* Nicolae Ceaușescu
* Gustáv Husák
* János Kádár
* Maurice Bishop
* Erich Honecker
* Władysław Gomułka
* Samora Machel
* Thomas Sankara
* Mathieu Kérékou
* Siad Barre
* Nur Muhammad Taraki
* Alfonso Cano
* Pushpa Kamal Dahal
* Rohana Wijeweera
* Abimael Guzmán
* Gus Hall
* Gennady Zyuganov
* Xi Jinping

Theoretical works|

* Foundations of Leninism
* Dialectical and Historical Materialism
* The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)
* Britain's Road to Socialism
* Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
* A Critique of Soviet Economics
* Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism
* Guerrilla Warfare

History|

* Soviet Union (1927–1953
* 1953–1964
* 1964–1982
* 1982–1991)
* Great Break
* Collectivization in the Soviet Union
* Industrialization in the Soviet Union
* Great Purge
* Spanish Civil War
* Great Patriotic War
* Greek Civil War
* Cold War
* Eastern Bloc
* Chinese Communist Revolution
* China (1949–1976
* 1976–1989
* 1989–2002
* 2002–present)
* Tito–Stalin split
* Korean War
* De-Stalinization
* Warsaw Pact
* Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
* Non-Aligned Movement
* Vietnam War
* Albanian–Soviet split
* Sino-Soviet split
* Hungarian Revolution of 1956
* Great Leap Forward
* Portuguese Colonial War
* Black Power movement
* Nicaraguan Revolution
* Cultural Revolution
* Prague Spring
* Naxalite insurgency
* New People's Army rebellion
* Maoist insurgency in Turkey
* Sino-Albanian split
* Internal conflict in Peru
* Nepalese Civil War
* Revolutions of 1989

By country|

* Afghanistan
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* Cambodia (Democratic Kampuchea
* People's Republic of Kampuchea)
* China
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* Ukraine
* Uzbekistan)
* Vietnam
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* Yugoslavia (Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Croatia
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* Serbia
* Slovenia)

Organizations|

* Albanian Party of Labour
* Comecon
* Comintern
* Chinese Communist Party
* Communist Party of Brazil
* Communist Party of Cuba
* Communist Party of India
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* Communist Party of Kampuchea
* Communist Party of the Philippines
* Communist Party of the Russian Federation
* Communist Party of the Soviet Union
* Communist Party of Vietnam
* Communist Party of Malaya
* Indochinese Communist Party
* Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
* Lao People's Revolutionary Party
* Nepal Communist Party
* Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
* Sandinista National Liberation Front
* Shining Path (Militarized Communist Party of Peru)
* Workers' Party of Korea
* Portuguese Communist Party

Related topics|

* Bolshevism
* Leninism
* Trotskyism

See also|

* All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
* Anti-communism (Mass killings)
* Cold War
* Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes (Mass killings)
* Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule
* MAGA Communism
* Marxist schools of thought
* National Bolshevism
* Nazi-Maoism
* New class
* Post-Marxism–Leninism
* Red fascism
* Red Scare (Second)
* Second World
* State capitalism
* State socialism
* State ideology of China
* State ideology of the Soviet Union
* Third-Worldism
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