Medinipur Lok Sabha constituency

Lok Sabha constituency in West Bengal

Medinipur
WB-34

Lok Sabha constituency

Interactive Map Outlining Medinipur Lok Sabha Constituency

Constituency details
Country| India
Region| East India
State| West Bengal
Assembly constituencies| Egra
Dantan
Keshiary
Kharagpur Sadar
Narayangarh
Kharagpur
Medinipur
Established| 1951
Total electors| 18,11,243[1]
Reservation| None
Member of Parliament
18th Lok Sabha
Incumbent

June Malia

Party|   AITC
Alliance|   INDIA
Elected year| 2024

Medinipur Lok Sabha constituency (formerly, Midnapore Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 543 parliamentary constituencies in India. The constituency centres on Midnapore in West Bengal. Six of the seven assembly segments of No. 34 Medinipur Lok Sabha constituency are in Paschim Medinipur district and one is in Purba Medinipur district.

## Assembly segments

[edit]

Parliamentary constituencies in West Bengal \- 1. Cooch Behar, 2. Alipurduars, 3. Jalpaiguri, 4. Darjeeling, 5. Raiganj, 6. Balurghat, 7. Maldaha Uttar, 8. Maldaha Dakshin, 9. Jangipur, 10. Baharampur, 11. Murshidabad, 12. Krishnanagar, 13. Ranaghat, 14. Bangaon, 15. Barrackpore, 16. Dum Dum, 17. Barasat, 18. Basirhat, 19. Jaynagar, 20. Mathurapur, 21. Diamond Harbour, 22. Jadavpur, 23. Kolkata Dakshin, 24. Kolkata Uttar, 25. Howrah, 26. Uluberia, 27. Serampore, 28. Hooghly, 29. Arambagh, 30. Tamluk, 31, Kanthi, 32. Ghatal, 33. Jhargram, 34. Medinipur, 35. Purulia, 36. Bankura, 37. Bishnupur, 38. Bardhaman Purba, 39. Bardhaman Durgapur, 40. Asansol, 41. Bolpur, 42. Birbhum

As per order of the Delimitation Commission issued in 2006 in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, parliamentary constituency no. 34 Medinipur is composed of the following segments:[2]

No  | Name  | District  | Member  | Party  | 2024 Lead

|
|
|
|
|

218  | Egra | Purba Medinipur | Tarun Maity |  | Trinamool Congress |  | Bharatiya Janata Party
219  | Dantan | Paschim Medinipur | Bikram Chandra Pradhan |  | Trinamool Congress
223  | Keshiary (ST)  | Paresh Murmu
224  | Kharagpur Sadar | Hiran Chatterjee |  | Bharatiya Janata Party |  | Bharatiya Janata Party
225  | Narayangarh | Surja Kanta Atta |  | Trinamool Congress |  | Trinamool Congress
228  | Kharagpur | Dinen Roy
236  | Medinipur | Sujoy Hazra

Prior to delimitation, Midnapore Lok Sabha constituency was composed of the following assembly segments:[3]Patashpur (assembly constituency no. 215), Midnapore (assembly constituency no. 223), Kharagpur Town (assembly constituency no. 224), Kharagpur Rural (assembly constituency no. 225), Keshiari (ST) (assembly constituency no. 226), Narayangarh (assembly constituency no. 227) and Dantan (assembly constituency no. 228)

## Members of Parliament

[edit]

Lok Sabha | Duration | Name of M.P. | Party Affiliation

|
|
|

First | 1952-57 | Tudu Bharat Lal  |  | Indian National Congress[4]
Durga Charan Banerjee |  | Bharatiya Jana Sangh[4]
1952-57^ | Subodh Chandra Hansda[5] |  | Indian National Congress
Constituency renamed from Midnapore-Jhargram to Midnapore
Second | 1957-62 | Narasingha Malla Ugal Sanda Deb[6] |  | Indian National Congress
Subodh Hansda[6]
Third | 1962-67 | Gobinda Kumar Singhu[7]
Fourth | 1967-69 | Sachindra Nath Maity |  | Bangla Congress[8]
1969-71^  | V. K. Krishna Menon
Fifth | 1971-77 | Subodh Chandra Hansda |  | Indian National Congress[9]
Sixth | 1977-80 | Sudhir Kumar Ghosal |  | Janata Party[10]
Seventh | 1980-84 | Narayan Choubey |  | Communist Party of India[11][12]
Eighth | 1984-89
Ninth | 1989-91 | Indrajit Gupta[13][14][15][16][17]
Tenth | 1991-96
Eleventh | 1996-98
Twelfth | 1998-99
Thirteenth | 1999-01
2001-04^ | Prabodh Panda[18][19]
Fourteenth | 2004-09
Constituency renamed from Midnapore to Medinipur
Fifteenth | 2009-14 | Prabodh Panda[20] |  | Communist Party of India
Sixteenth | 2014-2019 | Sandhya Roy |  | Trinamool Congress[21]
Seventeenth | 2019-2024 | Dilip Ghosh |  | Bharatiya Janata Party[22]
Eighteenth | 2024-Incumbent | June Malia |  | Trinamool Congress

^By poll

## Election results

[edit]

### General election 2024

[edit]

2024 Indian general elections: Medinipur[23][24] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| AITC | June Malia | 702,192  | 47.40  | 5.09
| BJP | Agnimitra Paul | 675,001  | 45.56  | 3.06
| CPI | Biplab Bhatta  | 57,785  | 3.90  | 0.52
| NOTA | None of the above  | 12,424  | 0.84  | 0.21
Majority | 27,191  | 1.84  | 4.47
Turnout | 14,81,563  | 81.80  | 2.44
| AITC gain from BJP | Swing |  |

### General election 2019

[edit]

2019 Indian general elections: Medinipur[22] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| BJP | Dilip Ghosh | 685,433  | 48.62  | +34.36
| AITC | Manas Bhunia | 596,481  | 42.31  | −4.19
| CPI | Biplab Bhatta  | 62,319  | 4.42  | −26.94
| INC | Sambhunath Chattopadhay  | 20,807  | 1.48  | −2.39
| NOTA | None of the above  | 14,758  | 1.05  |
Majority | 88,952  | 6.31  |
Turnout | 1,410,321  | 84.24  | +0.22
| BJP gain from AITC | Swing | +19.28  |

### General election 2014

[edit]

2014 Indian general elections: Medinipur[21] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| AITC | Sandhya Roy | 581,860  | 46.50  | +3.33
| CPI | Prabodh Panda | 3,95,194  | 31.36  | −15.93
| BJP | Prabhakar Tiwari  | 1,80,071  | 14.26  | +9.30
| INC | Dr. Bimal Raj  | 48,914  | 3.87  | N/A
| NOTA | None of the above  | 13,616  | 1.08  | N/A
Majority | 1,86,666  | 14.70  | +10.04
Turnout | 12,60,748  | 84.02  | +1.48
| AITC gain from CPI | Swing | -4.63  |

### General election 2009

[edit]

2009 Indian general elections: Medinipur[20] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Prabodh Panda | 493,021  | 47.29  | −5.54
| AITC | Dipak Kumar Ghosh  | 4,45,004  | 42.68  | N/A
| BJP | Pradip Patnaik  | 52,061  | 4.99  | −30.15
| BSP | Asok Kumar Golder  | 12,216  | 1.17  | +0.14
| IND | Sanjay Kumar Mishra  | 11,092  | 1.06  | N/A
| JMM | Nepal Das  | 10,324  | 0.99  | N/A
Majority | 48,017  | 4.61  | −13.08
Turnout | 10,42,496  | 82.54  |
| CPI hold | Swing | -5.54  |

### General election 2004

[edit]

General Election, 2004: Midnapore[19] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Prabodh Panda | 480,034  | 53.56  |
| BJP | Rahul Bishwajit Sinha  | 319,274  | 35.14  |
| INC | Narayan Chandra Paria  | 68,338  | 7.52  |
| JP | Panchanan Pradhan  | 10,243  | 1.12  |
| NCP | Madhumanti Sengupta  | 9,901  | 1.08  |
| BSP | Mrityunjoy Chakraborty  | 9,440  | 1.03  |
| Independent | Asit Kumar Khatua  | 7,249  | 0.79  |
| Independent | Lalit Kumar Jaiswal  | 4,020  | 0.44  |
Majority | 160,760  | 17.69  |
Turnout | 908,499  |  |
| CPI hold | Swing |  |

### General election 1999

[edit]

General Election, 1999: Midnapore[17] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Indrajit Gupta | 446,545  | 48.60  | −4.90
| BJP | Manoranjan Dutta  | 385,772  | 45.30  |
| INC | Samir Roy  | 47,013  | 7.52  |
| Independent | Akshay Kumar Khan  | 4,512  | 0.05  |
| Independent | Mritunjoy Chakraborty  | 650  | 0.01  |
Majority | 60,773  | 3.3%  |
Turnout | 8,62,567  | 78.5%  |
| CPI hold | Swing |  |

#### By-election 2001

[edit]

A by-election was held in this constituency in 2001 which was necessitated by the death of sitting MP Indrajit Gupta. In the by-election, Prabodh Panda of Communist Party of India defeated his nearest rival Manorajnan Dutta of Trinamool Congress.

Indian Parliamentary bye election, 2001: Midnapore constituency  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Prabodh Panda | 436,237  |  |
| AITC | Manoranjan Dutta  | 349,044  |  |
| BJP | Debasish Chattopadhyay  | 157,543  |  |
| NCP | Amal Mazumder  | 87,983  |  |
| JD(S) | Bijoy Bandyopadhyay  | 25,114  |  |
| Independent | Rabikanta Santra  | 5,112  |  |
| RJP | Ashok Kumar Bera  | 3,871  |  |
Majority | 87,193  |  |
Turnout | 8,77,213  | 77.1  | −6.7
| CPI hold | Swing | +21.27  |

### General election 1998

[edit]

General Election, 1998: Midnapore[16] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Indrajit Gupta | 452,671  | 53.50  | −2.80
| BJP | Manoranjan Dutta  | 177,152  | 20.60  |
| Trinamool Congress | Dr. Nitish Sengupta | 131,352  | 15.32  |
| INC | Satish Chandra Jana  | 90,737  | 10.60  |
| Independent | Sheikh Abu Bakar  | 3,448  | 0.40  |
| Jharkhand Party | Kalipada Tudu  | 1,702  | 0.40  |
| Independent | Gajen Nayak  | 1,148  | 0.10  |
Majority | 2,75,519  | 31.5  |
Turnout | 8,74,531  | 80.8  |
| CPI hold | Swing |  |

### General election 1996

[edit]

General Election, 1996: Midnapore[15] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Indrajit Gupta | 488,569  | 56.30  |
| INC | Debaprasad Roy  | 277,920  | 32.00  |
| BJP | Manoranjan Dutta  | 58,751  | 6.80  |
| Independent | Sudeb Banprasthi  | 9,290  | 1.00  |
| AMB | Naba Kumar Shaw  | 7,828  | 0.90  |
| Independent | Dilip Maiti  | 7,286  | 0.80  |
| Jharkhand Party (Naren) | Jatin Pratihar  | 7,008  | 0.80  |
| Independent | Debashish Konar  | 2,313  | 0.30  |
| JP | Shachin Mahato  | 2,305  | 0.30  |
| IUML | Sarif Mollick  | 1,831  | 0.20  |
| Jharkhand Party | Prabhakar Mahato  | 1,721  | 0.20  |
| Samata Party | Padma Lochan Roy  | 1,046  | 0.10  |
| Independent | Ajit Kumar Maity  | 772  | 0.10  |
| Independent | Vivek Kumar Baderia  | 742  | 0.10  |
| Independent | Sushil Kumar  | 294  | 0.00  |
| Independent | Satyanarayan Kothoyala  | 260  | 0.00  |
Majority | 210,649  | 23.7  |
Turnout | 8,89,188  | 84.5  |
| CPI hold | Swing |  |

### General election 1991

[edit]

General Election, 1991: Midnapore[14] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| CPI | Indrajit Gupta | 396,281  | 54.82  |
| INC | Birendra Bijoy Malladev  | 232,758  | 31.70  |
| BJP | Manoranjan Dutta  | 68,772  | 9.40  |
| Independent | Dilip Maity  | 6,372  | 0.90  |
| Jharkhand Party | Mirza Ohidur Rahaman  | 5,550  | 0.80  |
| Independent | Padma Lochan Roy  | 4,717  | 0.60  |
| Jharkhand Party (Naren) | Chandra Mohan Hansda  | 4,526  | 0.60  |
| BSP | Satish Chandra Biswas  | 1,852  | 0.30  |
| Doordarshi Party | Satya Naraiyan Kotwala  | 1,335  | 0.20  |
| Independent | Sushil Kumar  | 678  | 0.20  |
Majority | 163,523  | 22.3  |
Turnout | 7,34,499  | 76.5  |
| CPI hold | Swing |  |

### General elections 1951-2004

[edit]

Most of the contests were multi-cornered. However, only winners and runners-up are generally mentioned below:

Year  | Winner  |  | Runner-up

|
|
|

| Candidate  | Party  | Candidate  | Party
1951*  | Durga Charan Bandopahyay | Bharatiya Jana Sangh | Atul Chandra Basu  | Indian National Congress
|  |  | Bishnupada Hazra  | Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party[4]
| Bharat Lal Tudu  | Indian National Congress  | Subodh Hansda  | Kisan Mazoor Praja Party[4]
1957*  | Narasingha Malla Ugal Sanda Deb  | Indian National Congress  | Rabindra Nath Mitra  | Communist Party of India[6]
| Subodh Hansda  | Indian National Congress  | Chandra Mohan Saren  | Praja Socialist Party[6]
1962  | Gobinda Kumar Singha  | Indian National Congress  | Saroj Roy  | Communist Party of India[7]
1967  | Sachindra Nath Maity  | Bangla Congress | G.K.Singha  | Indian National Congress[8]
1969  | V. K. Krishna Menon | Bangla Congress (supported

by Communist-led United Front)

| Krishnadas Roy  | Indian National Congress[25][26]
1971  | Subodh Chandra Hansda  | Indian National Congress  | Narayan Choubey  | Communist Party of India[9]
1977  | Sudhir Kumar Ghosal | Janata Party | Narayan Choubey  | Communist Party of India[10]
1980  | Narayan Choubey  | Communist Party of India  | Sudhir Kumar Ghosal  | Indian National Congress (I)[11]
1984  | Narayan Choubey  | Communist Party of India  | Ajit Kumar Khanra  | Indian National Congress[12]
1989  | Indrajit Gupta  | Communist Party of India  | Gouri Choubey  | Indian National Congress[13]
1991  | Indrajit Gupta  | Communist Party of India  | Birendra Bijoy Malladev  | Indian National Congress[14]
1996  | Indrajit Gupta  | Communist Party of India  | D P Roy  | Indian National Congress[15]
1998  | Indrajit Gupta  | Communist Party of India  | Manoranjon Dutta  | Bharatiya Janata Party[16]
1999  | Indrajit Gupta  | Communist Party of India  | Manoranjon Dutta  | Bharatiya Janata Party[17]
2001  | Prabodh Panda | Communist Party of India  | Manoranjon Dutta  | All India Trinamool Congress[18]
2004  | Prabodh Panda  | Communist Party of India  | Rahul (Biswajit) Sinha  | Bharatiya Janata Party[19]

* In 1951 Midnapore-Jhargram constituency and in 1957 Midnapur constituency, both the constituencies had two seats, with one seat reserved for Scheduled Tribes. The results here are shown separately.

## See also

[edit]

* Paschim Medinipur district
* List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha

## References

[edit]

1. ^ https://elections24.eci.gov.in/docs/grfYnWoV4R.pdf Archived 24 May 2024 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
2. ^ "Delimitation Commission Order No. 18" (PDF). Table B – Extent of Parliamentary Constituencies. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
3. ^ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha" (PDF). Volume III Details For Assembly Segments Of Parliamentary Constituencies. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
4. ^ a b c d "General Elections, India, 1951- Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
5. ^ "1951 India General (1st Lok Sabha) Elections Results".
6. ^ a b c d "General Elections, India, 1957- Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
7. ^ a b "General Elections, India, 1962- Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
8. ^ a b "Members Biographical Sketches, Fourth Lok Sabha" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
9. ^ a b "General Elections, India, 1971 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
10. ^ a b "General Elections, 1977 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
11. ^ a b "General Elections, 1980 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
12. ^ a b "General Elections, 1984 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
13. ^ a b "General Elections, 1989 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
14. ^ a b c "General Elections, 1991 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
15. ^ a b c "General Elections, 1996 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
16. ^ a b c "General Elections, 1998 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
17. ^ a b c "General Elections, 1999 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
18. ^ a b "Medinipur Parliamentary Constituency - Map and Electoral Results". List of winning MP and Runner-up from 1957 to till date from Medinipur Parliamentary Constituency. Maps of India. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
19. ^ a b c "General Elections, 2004 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
20. ^ a b "General Elections, 2009 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
21. ^ a b "General Elections 2014 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
22. ^ a b "General Elections 2019 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results". West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
23. ^ "Medinipur Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024". The Times of India. 4 June 2024. Archived from the original on 22 July 2025. Retrieved 22 July 2025.
24. ^ "2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Medinipur". Election Commission of India. 4 June 2024. Archived from the original on 22 July 2025. Retrieved 22 July 2025.
25. ^ "Members : Lok Sabha". 164.100.47.194. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
26. ^ "Details of Bye Elections from 1952 to 1995 (Excel File)". Election Commission of India.

## External links

[edit]

* Medinipur lok sabha constituency election 2019 result details

* v
* t
* e

Lok Sabha constituencies of West Bengal

Current|

* Cooch Behar
* Alipurduars
* Jalpaiguri
* Darjeeling
* Raiganj
* Balurghat
* Maldaha Uttar
* Maldaha Dakshin
* Jangipur
* Baharampur
* Murshidabad
* Krishnanagar
* Ranaghat
* Bangaon
* Barrackpore
* Dum Dum
* Barasat
* Basirhat
* Jaynagar
* Mathurapur
* Diamond Harbour
* Jadavpur
* Kolkata Dakshin
* Kolkata Uttar
* Howrah
* Uluberia
* Serampore
* Hooghly
* Arambagh
* Tamluk
* Kanthi
* Ghatal
* Jhargram
* Medinipur
* Purulia
* Bankura
* Bishnupur
* Bardhaman Purba
* Bardhaman–Durgapur
* Asansol
* Bolpur
* Birbhum

Defunct|

* Burdwan
* Calcutta East
* Calcutta North East
* Calcutta North West
* Calcutta South East
* Durgapur
* Katwa
* Malda
* Nabadwip
* Panskura

* v
* t
* e

West Medinipur district topics

General|

* Bargi
* Small Angaria massacre
* Chandrakona Jorbangla Temple
* Dharmathakur
* Dudhkundi Airfield
* Gajan
* Gongoni Danga
* Hijli Detention Camp
* IIT Kharagpur
* Kalaikunda Air Force Station
* Kurumbera Fort
* Malleswara Shiva Temple
* Nehru Museum of Science and Technology
* Operation Lalgarh
* Partition of Midnapore
* Parvatinatha Temple
* Shantinatha Shiva Temple
* Vidyasagar University

People|

* Bengalis
* Bhumij
* Lodha
* Mahali
* Mahisya
* Munda
* Santal people

Subdivisions|

* Ghatal
* Kharagpur
* Medinipur Sadar

Territories|

* Dandabhukti
* Dhalbhum
* Hijli Kingdom
* Jungle Mahals
* Mallabhum
* Midnapore district

Municipalities|

* Chandrakona
* Ghatal
* Kharagpur
* Kharar
* Khirpai
* Midnapore
* Ramjibanpur

Community development
blocks|

| Medinipur Sadar subdivision|

* Garhbeta I
* Garhbeta II
* Garhbeta III
* Keshpur
* Midnapore Sadar
* Salboni

|

Ghatal subdivision|

* Chandrakona I
* Chandrakona II
* Daspur I
* Daspur II
* Ghatal

Kharagpur subdivision|

* Dantan I
* Dantan II
* Debra
* Keshiari
* Kharagpur I
* Kharagpur II
* Mohanpur
* Narayangarh
* Pingla
* Sabang

Higher education|

* IIT Kharagpur
* Vidyasagar University
* Midnapore Medical College and Hospital
* Institute of Science & Technology

Rivers|

* Dwarakeswar
* Kangsabati
* Keleghai
* Rasulpur
* Rupnarayan
* Shilabati
* Subarnarekha

Transport|

* NH 6
* NH 60
* South Eastern Railway zone
* Kolkata Suburban Railway
* Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line

Railway stations|

* Kharagpur Junction

Lok Sabha constituencies|

* Ghatal
* Medinipur
* Panskura - now defunct

Vidhan Sabha constituencies|

* Dantan
* Keshiary
* Kharagpur Sadar
* Narayangarh
* Sabang
* Pingla
* Kharagpur
* Debra
* Daspur
* Ghatal
* Chandrakona
* Garbeta
* Salboni
* Keshpur
* Medinipur
* Binpur

Former
Vidhan Sabha constituencies|

* Nandanpur

See also|

* Cities, towns and locations in Paschim Medinipur district
* People from Pascim Medinipur district
* Villages in Paschim Medinipur district

22°24′N 87°18′E﻿ / ﻿22.4°N 87.3°E﻿ / 22.4; 87.3
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