Meitei calendar

Calendar of Meitei people

This article contains the Meitei alphabet. Without proper rendering support, you may see errors in display.

The Meitei calendar (Meitei: ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯟꯂꯣꯟ, romanized: Meitei Thaapaanlon) or the Manipuri calendar (Meitei: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯟꯂꯣꯟ, romanized: Manipuri Thaapaanlon) or the Kangleipak calendar (Meitei: ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯟꯂꯣꯟ, romanized: Kangleipaak Thaapaanlon) or the Maliyapham Palcha Kumshing (Meitei: ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ, romanized: Maleeyaapham Paalchaa Koomsing) is a lunar calendar used by the Meitei people of Manipur for their religious, agricultural and other cultural activities. New moon is counted as the end of each month and has twelve months in total. The concept of era in Meitei calendar was first developed by Emperor Maliyafam Palcha, in the year 1397 BC (Palcha Era)[1] in the realm of Kangleipak in present-day Manipur. It is believed that the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th and 7th months of the Meitei calendar were named after Poireiten's agricultural activities. Similar to Gregorian calendar, the Meitei calendar also consists of twelve months and seven days but the starting date with the Gregorian calendar is different.[2][3] The new year day known as, Sajibu Cheiraoba is celebrated on the 1st day of the month Sajibu.

## Days

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Sl. No.  | Ancient Meitei | Latin-Roman transliteration  | Modern Meitei | Latin-Roman transliteration  | Roman equivalents  | Ruling heavenly bodies

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1  | ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯆꯤꯡ  | Nongmaiching  | ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯖꯤꯡ  | Nongmaijing  | Sunday | Sun
2  | ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯄ  | Ningthoukaapa  | ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯕ  | Ningthoukaaba  | Monday | Moon
3  | ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ  | Leipaakpokpa  | ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ  | Leibaakpokpa  | Tuesday | Mars
4  | ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯥꯀꯩꯁꯥ  | Yumsakeisa  | ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯀꯩꯁ  | Yumsakeisa  | Wednesday | Mercury
5  | ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ  | Sakolsen  | ꯁꯒꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ  | Sagolsen  | Thursday | Jupiter
6  | ꯏꯂꯥꯢ  | Eelai  | ꯏꯔꯥꯢ  | Eerai  | Friday | Venus
7  | ꯊꯥꯡꯆ  | Thaangcha  | ꯊꯥꯡꯖ  | Thaangja  | Saturday | Saturn

## Months

[edit]

Ancient Meitei | Latin-Roman transliteration  | Modern Meitei | Latin-Roman transliteration  | Gregorian-Roman equivalents

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ꯁꯆꯤꯐꯣꯢ (ꯆꯤꯟꯄꯤ)  | Sachiphoy (Chinpi)  | ꯁꯖꯤꯕꯨ  | Sajibu  | Apr-May
ꯀꯥꯟꯄꯤ  | Kaanpee  | ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ  | Kaalen  | May-Jun
ꯑꯁꯥꯎ  | Asaau  | ꯏꯉꯥ  | Ee-ngaa  | Jun-Jul
ꯍꯥꯂꯦꯡ  | Haaleng  | ꯏꯉꯦꯟ  | Ee-ngen  | Jul-Aug
ꯋꯥꯟꯇꯠ  | Waantat  | ꯊꯧꯋꯥꯟ  | Thouwaan  | Aug-Sept
ꯑꯆꯤꯠ (ꯂꯥꯡꯄꯟ)  | Achit (Laangpan)  | ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯟ  | Laangban  | Sept-Oct
ꯑꯥꯂꯦ (ꯃꯦꯂꯥ)  | Aale (Melaa)  | ꯃꯦꯔꯥ  | Meraa  | Oct-Nov
ꯆꯤꯛꯊꯝ (ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡꯀꯩ)  | Chiktham (Hiyaangkei)  | ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡꯒꯩ  | Heeyaangei  | Nov-Dec
ꯎꯟꯊꯝ  | Untham  | ꯄꯣꯢꯅꯨ  | Poinu  | Dec-Jan
ꯏꯟꯊꯝ  | Eentham  | ꯋꯥꯛꯆꯤꯡ  | Waakching  | Jan-Feb
ꯑꯁꯤꯠ (ꯐꯥꯢꯂꯦꯜ)  | Ashit (Phailel)  | ꯐꯥꯢꯔꯦꯜ  | Fairel  | Feb-Mar
ꯊꯥꯄꯤ  | Thaapee  | ꯂꯝꯇꯥ  | Lamtaa  | Mar-Apr

## Important days

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* Ningol Chakouba (ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯜ ꯆꯥꯛꯀꯧꯕ)- 2nd of Hiyangei month
* Sajibu Nongma Panba (ꯁꯖꯤꯕꯨ ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ)- 1st of Sajibu month
* Panthoibi Iratpa (ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯠꯄ)
* Imoinu Iratpa (ꯏꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ ꯏꯔꯥꯠꯄ)- 12th of Wakching month
* Sanamahi Ahong Khong Chingba (ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ)-
* Kwaak Taanba (ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯇꯥꯟꯕ)- 10th of Mera month
* Yaosang (ꯌꯥꯎꯁꯪ) -15th of Lamtaa month, Full moon
* Heikru Hidongba (ꯍꯩꯀ꯭ꯔꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯣꯡꯕ)- 11th of Langban month
* Mera Chaorel Houba (ꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯧꯕ)- 1st of Mera month
* Mera Hou Chongba (ꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯍꯧ ꯆꯣꯡꯕ)- 15th of Mera month

## Preservation

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Many social associations and organizations are preserving and promoting the traditional calendar of the Meitei people of Manipur.[4][5]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "The Puya and Cheitharol Kumbaba". e-pao.net.
2. ^ "Names of 12 months of Kangleipak concepts and significances". e-pao.net.
3. ^ "Nanao Meetei Calendar 2015 2016 In Meitei Mayek 201504". e-pao.net.
4. ^ "SEACO celebrates its 9th foundation day : 06th aug19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net.
5. ^ "Kangleipak Calendar Board anniv held : 21st may14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Meitei calendar.

* Sharma, H. Surmangol (2006). "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary (Meitei calendar)". dsal.uchicago.edu (in Manipuri and English). University of Chicago. Retrieved 2023-02-16.

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