Metalcore

Genre of music

Metalcore

Other names| Metallic hardcore
Stylistic origins|

* Extreme metal
* hardcore punk
* tough guy hardcore
* crossover thrash

Cultural origins| Late 1980s to early 1990s, United States
Derivative forms|

* Sass[1]
* hyperpop[2]

Subgenres

* Mathcore
* Risecore

Fusion genres

* Deathcore
* easycore
* electronicore
* melodic metalcore
* progressive metalcore
* nu metalcore
* Nintendocore[3][4]

Regional scenes

* South East England
* Ohio

Local scenes

* Boston
* Chicago
* New York
* Sheffield

Other topics

* Post-hardcore
* beatdown hardcore
* melodic hardcore

Metalcore is a broadly defined[5] fusion genre combining elements of extreme metal and hardcore punk, originating in the 1990s United States and becoming popular in the 2000s. Metalcore typically has aggressive verses and melodic choruses, combined with breakdowns – which are slow, intense passages conducive to moshing. Other defining traits are low-tuned, percussive guitar riffs, double bass drumming, and polished production. Vocalists typically switch between roaring or screaming and clean, melodic, emotional singing. Lyrics are often personal, introspective and emotive.[6]

In the late 1980s to early 1990s, pioneering bands were founded such as Integrity, Earth Crisis and Converge, whose hardcore punk-leaning style is sometimes referred to as metallic hardcore.[7] These bands took influence from a range of styles and genres such as hardcore punk, thrash metal and death metal. During the decade, the genre diversified, with Converge, the Dillinger Escape Plan, Botch and Coalesce pioneering mathcore, while Overcast, Shadows Fall and Darkest Hour merged the genre with melodic death metal to create melodic metalcore.

During the early 2000s, melodic metalcore bands such as Killswitch Engage, All That Remains, Trivium, As I Lay Dying, Atreyu, Bullet for My Valentine and Parkway Drive found mainstream popularity. In the subsequent years, the genre saw increased success through social networking on Myspace and internet memes such as crabcore. During this time, artists began to draw influence from a wide variety of sources, which led to genre cultivating a plethora of fusion genres including electronicore, deathcore, Nintendocore, progressive metalcore and nu metalcore. In the 2010s and through to the 2020s, the genre saw even greater commercial success, with albums by Bring Me the Horizon, Architects, Asking Alexandria, the Devil Wears Prada and Of Mice & Men penetrating the top 10 of international albums charts.

## Etymology

[edit]

Shai Hulud guitarist Matt Fox has been credited by some for popularizing the "metalcore" term.

> Like most genres, [metalcore is] not an easy term to define; even saying “metal meets hardcore” doesn’t really do it. Hardcore and metal’s relationship long predates metalcore; hardcore bands inspired metal bands to invent thrash, and in turn thrash bands inspired punk bands to start crossover thrash, both genres influenced grunge, and the cross-pollination just kept spiraling from there. I don’t know the exact year that “metalcore” entered the vernacular, but some of the earlier bands [...] probably would have just been called “metallic hardcore."

Andrew Sacher, Brooklyn Vegan (August 26, 2019) [8]

The term "metalcore" is a portmanteau of the words "metal" and "hardcore", and was originally tongue-in-cheek.[9] During the 1980s, Maximumrocknroll had used early variations of the term, referring to Richmond band Black Pyramid as "heavy-metal core" in February 1985;[10] Oxnard band False Confessions as "metal-core" in December 1985;[11] Mesa band Desecration as "death metal core" in May 1986;[12] and Austin band Last Will as "ghoulish metal/core" in December 1986.[13] When the metalcore genre began in the 1990s, it was largely known as "metallic hardcore".[9]

Phillip Trapp of Loudwire states that Shai Hulud guitarist Matt Fox is widely credited for playing a role in "popularizing" the term. However, in a 2008 interview, Fox claimed the term had already been in use before his band began releasing music. He recalled: "There were bands before Shai Hulud started that my friends and I were referring to as 'metalcore.' Bands like Burn, Deadguy, Earth Crisis, even Integrity. These bands that were heavier than the average hardcore bands. These bands that were more progressive [...] my friends and I would always refer to them as 'metalcore' because it wasn't purely hardcore and it wasn't purely metal [...] so we would joke around and say, 'Hey, it's metalcore. Cool!' But it was definitely a tongue-in-cheek term."[14] Alternatively, Jorge Rosado of Merauder claimed in 2014 interview that he and his band coined the term.[15]

Luke Morton of Metal Hammer stated that the word "means different things to different people," highlighting the fact that the tag has been variously applied to stylistically dissimilar bands such as Killswitch Engage, Earth Crisis, Asking Alexandria and Parkway Drive.[16]

## Characteristics

[edit]

### Stylistic elements

[edit]

Metalcore band Cave In performing in 2006

> The word "metalcore" is one of the few subgenres of music that conjures up an incredibly different range of sounds depending on who you ask. For old heads, it brings up a moment in time when the worlds of heavy metal and hardcore punk combined to a new underground genre, a grassroots movement and [an] exciting time for punk. For others, big room metal anthems pitted with poppy choruses are conjured, riffs descended from the Gothenburg school of metal contorted into music with a sense of bounce.

John Hill of Loudwire (May 25, 2020) [1]

Metalcore fuses elements of hardcore punk and extreme metal, and is known for its use of breakdowns. There is debate as to whether metalcore is a fusion genre, a subgenre, or a genre of its own.[17] According to Lewis Kennedy, although metalcore existed "in some form or another" throughout the 1990s, it was only during the early 2000s that metalcore became codified or distinguished as a genre with specific traits. He links this with the movement known as the "New Wave of American Heavy Metal".[18]

The genre is broadly defined, and throughout its history, various metalcore acts have fused elements of hardcore and metal in different ways. Some earlier metalcore bands, such as Botch and Cave In, were stylistically derived from traditional hardcore scenes, performing styles characterized by "relentless tempos and neck vein-popping vocals." Jorge Martins of Ultimate Guitar explained, "some of those bands fused Slayer-based assaulting riffs with Pantera-leaning plummeting breakdowns and punk's ferocity and ethics, and a whole new beast was formed."[19][20]

Some later acts, such as Killswitch Engage, gravitated towards a more accessible heavy metal sound, while also incorporating elements of Swedish melodic death metal and Boston hardcore.[20][21][22][23] Many 2000s metalcore bands were heavily influenced by melodic death metal, and extensively incorporated elements of the style into their music.[24] Alternative Press Magazine described metalcore as the "breakdown-heavy counterpart" of melodic death metal, referring to the latter genre as the "founding ancestor" of the former.[25] Malcolm Dome of Revolver wrote that without Swedish melodic death metal band At the Gates' 1995 album Slaughter of the Soul, modern North American melodic metalcore acts such as As I Lay Dying and All That Remains "wouldn't even exist."[26] Graham Hartmann of Loudwire retroactively assessed that the album appeared to be a "Nostradamus-esque prediction of how metal would evolve."[27] Jon Weiderhorn of Loudwire said that deathcore and some metalcore bands were influenced by elements of death metal.[28] Additionally, the clean vocal passages employed by some metalcore bands during the 2000s incorporated elements of emo.[29]

### Instrumentation and vocals

[edit]

> The success of [Killswitch Engage] also effected the artistic endeavours of the genre. So instantly recognisable was the Killswitch sound that it was aped unashamedly by many a newcomer, where before it was an underground scene full of innovative and eclectic bands there was now a formula. This in turn led to every chancer with a guitar chucking some beatdowns in between a few In Flames cast-off riffs and barking over the top – save for the inevitable emotive chorus. [...] The punk rock spirit was long gone, even bands such as Trivium, a band who have not a single atom of influence, approach or sound of punk in their make up, were bizarrely linked with the metalcore tag. A name that seemed to have less and less meaning the more the noughties rolled on.

Stephen Hill of Metal Hammer (January 29, 2015) [2]

Converge guitarist Kurt Ballou

Instrumentally, metalcore bands generally employ heavy, metallic, percussive guitar riffs, and stop-start rhythm guitar.[30][31] Metalcore is known for its emphasis on breakdowns. According to Graham Hartmann of Loudwire, "when a band changes up the mood with some masterful composition, a breakdown can be brilliant as well as devastating."[32] Drop guitar tunings are often used in metalcore. Most bands use tuning ranging between Drop D and A, although lower tunings, as well as 7 and 8 string guitars, are not uncommon. Drummers typically employ various techniques common in extreme metal and hardcore, such as double-kick drumming. Author James Giordano explains that metalcore is usually played at slower tempos than some of the styles its artists draw influence from, such as thrash metal.[33]

Metalcore vocalists usually perform screaming, a harsh vocal technique that became popular in the underground punk and metal scenes of the 1980s.[31] Vocal performances in early metalcore acts were characterized by what has been described as a "raw, scream-meets-shout vocal style."[34] Later metalcore bands often alternate between harsh vocals and singing (also known as "clean vocals"), usually during the bridge or chorus of a song.[31] Joe Davita of Loudwire explains that many people define modern metalcore by the tradeoff between screaming and clean singing. Although many modern metalcore tracks have choruses that contain hooks, some bands still do omit clean vocals entirely. Other bands use clean vocals very sparingly, done for the purpose of "coloring a mood."[34] Modern metalcore clean vocals have drawn comparisons to the mainstream emo and pop-punk music of the 2000s, which some have suggested may have deterred some fans of heavier music styles.[35]

Lyrics in metalcore are often personal, introspective and emotive.[6]

## History

[edit]

### Precursors: 1980s

[edit]

Main articles: Hardcore punk and tough guy hardcore

Agnostic Front were an early band to merge elements of metal with hardcore

Many of the originators of hardcore punk took influence from the sound of heavy metal, including Black Flag,[36] the Bad Brains,[37] Discharge and the Exploited,[38] Furthermore, during the 1980s many genres originated merging the two styles, including crust punk, sludge metal and crossover thrash.[39] Nonetheless, punk and metal cultures and music remained fairly separate through the 1980s.[40]

Bands in the New York hardcore scene in particular put a significant emphasis on the influence of metal, building their own take on hardcore, based around groove-driven, palm muted guitar riffs.[41] Early on, this scene saw the development of the hardcore breakdown, an amalgamation of Bad Brains' reggae and hardcore backgrounds, which encouraged moshing.[42] It was this New York-style hardcore that metalcore grew directly out of.[43][44][45]

### Origins: 1990s

[edit]

Integrity in Tokyo, Japan in 2017.

One of the earliest metalcore scenes was that of Cleveland, Ohio. Fronted by Integrity and Ringworm, the sound of bands in the scene was distinctly darker than what the genre would become.[46] Integrity's debut album Those Who Fear Tomorrow  (1991) merged hardcore with apocalyptic lyrics and metal's guitar solos and chugging riffs to create one of the primeval albums in the genre.[47][48] Revolver magazine writer Elis Enis stated that the album "influenced practically every breakdown that's been recorded since".[49] Whereas, Ringworm's debut The Promise (1993) made use of a style closer to crossover thrash while also putting a heavy emphasis on breakdowns.[20] The term "holy terror" refers to this specific style of metalcore which Integrity and Ringworm pioneered.[50] The style is typified by soaring guitar leads,[51] gravelly vocals[52] and lyrics discussing western esotericism.[53]

Philadelphia's Starkweather were also an important early metalcore band, with their album Crossbearer (1992) which merged early metal's grooves and dark atmospheres with elements of hardcore.[54] Rorschach also pioneered a distinctly dissonant and noise-influence niche into this early metalcore sound, which would go on to define noisecore and mathcore.[55][56]

In 1993, Earth Crisis released "Firestorm", a song which became one of the most influential in metalcore.[57] The band's militant vegan straight edge ethic and emphasis on chug riffs saw them immediately influence a wave of subsequent bands and gained coverage by major media outlets like CNN, CBS and MTV.[58] The EP the song was a part of was also one of the earliest releases by Victory Records who go on to be a defining part of the metalcore scene in the coming years, through releasing many of the style's most successful albums.[59]

Boston, Massachusetts too developed an early metalcore scene, led by Overcast who formed in 1990.[60] Much of this scene were based around Hydra Head Records, which was founded by Aaron Turner after moving to Boston. Converge were one of the earliest and most prominent groups from the city, formed in 1990.[61] Using Rorschach's music as their sonic template,[62] the band's experimental attitude, emotional lyrics and attention to dynamics led to them becoming one of the most influential bands in the genre.[54] Converge, along with Morris Plains, New Jersey's the Dillinger Escape Plan and Tacoma, Washington's Botch were three of the founding acts in the style's mathcore subgenre,[63] with Kansas City, Missouri's Coalesce and New Brunswick, New Jersey's Deadguy being prominent acts transitioning towards the style.[64] Converge's guitarist Kurt Ballou opened the recording studio GodCity Studio in 1998, and would go on to record many of the most influential subsequent hardcore records from the city.[61]

New York City's Merauder released their debut album Master Killer in 1996, merging the sounds of metalcore, earlier New York hardcore and the newly emerged beatdown hardcore style. Of the album, Revolver writer Elis Enis stated "any self-proclaimed 'metallic hardcore' band of the last 25 years is indebted to Master Killer's steel-toed stomp."[65] Along with All Out War, Darkside NYC and Confusion, Merauder were a part of a wave of bands defining a newer, increasingly metallic style of hardcore in New York that had long been one of the epicentres of the genre.[66] Long Island's Vision of Disorder were also a prevalent band in the scene, being one of the first bands to incorporate clean singing into the genre, which would soon become a staple, as well as incorporating elements of nu metal.[67] In a 2005 article by Billboard magazine, writer Greg Pato stated that "with seemingly every local teen waving the VOD banner circa the mid/late '90s, it seemed as though it was only a matter of time before VOD would become the band to take 'metalcore' to a massive audience".[68]

Metalcore band Hatebreed.

Bridgeport, Connecticut's Hatebreed released their debut album Satisfaction is the Death of Desire in 1997. The album helped the band achieve underground success, selling 158,000 copies, according to Nielsen SoundScan,[69] and holds the record for Victory Record's best selling debut album.[70] The band's style merged classic hardcore with beatdown and metalcore,[71] while also overtly referencing metal bands like Slayer. In a 2015 Metal Hammer article, writer Stephen Hill stated "The difference between Hatebreed and many of their influences is that where a band like Madball were happy to co-exist with metal bands without feeling like they were part of the same scene, Hatebreed actively went out of their way to become the hardcore band metal fans listen to."[70] Other influential metalcore bands of the time include Shai Hulud,[72][73][74] Zao[75] and Disembodied.[76]

Orange County, California metalcore band Eighteen Visions contrasted the metalcore scene's usual hyper masculine aesthetic of "army and sports clothes" with "skinny jeans, eyeliner and hairstyles influenced by Orgy and Unbroken".[77] This visual style led to the band being called "fashioncore".[77][78] Jasamine White-Gluz of Exclaim! wrote that Eighteen Visions look "more like a boy band than a popular hardcore group. Critics tag the band for putting fashion at the centre of their music, but it adds a playful and interesting touch to a band that sounds much tougher than it looks."[79] A scene of bands in Orange County including Bleeding Through, Avenged Sevenfold and Atreyu continued this in Eighteen Visions' wake,[80][81][82] and influenced emo and scene fashion in the coming decade.[77]

As the decade drew to a close, a wave of metalcore bands began incorporating elements of melodic death metal into their sound. This formed an early version of what would become the melodic metalcore genre, with Shadows Fall's Somber Eyes to the Sky (1997), Undying's This Day All Gods Die (1999), Darkest Hour's The Prophecy Fulfilled (1999), Unearth's Above the Fall of Man (1999), Prayer for Cleansing's Rain in Endless Fall (1999) being some of the style's earliest releases.[83] CMJ writer Anthony Delia also credited Florida's Poison the Well and their first two releases The Opposite of December... A Season of Separation (1999) and Tear from the Red (2002) as "design[ing] the template for most of" the melodic metalcore bands to come.[84]

### Mainstream success: 2000s

[edit]

Converge's Jane Doe (2001) is one of the most critically acclaimed albums in metalcore.

Converge's Jane Doe was released on 4 September 2001 to universal critical and fan acclaim. The album influenced the development of the sound of other U.S. bands like Norma Jean and Misery Signals as well as international acts like Eden Maine, Johnny Truant and Beecher.[85] Blake Butler of Allmusic stated that Converge "put the final sealing blow on their status as a legend in the world of metallic hardcore" with the album, calling it "an experience -- an encyclopedic envelopment of so much at once."[86] Terrorizer Magazine named it their 2001 Album of the Year,[87] and it was named the greatest album of the 2000s by Noisecreep,[88] Sputnikmusic[89] and Decibel.[90]

Douglasville, Georgia's Norma Jean and the Chariot were both influential artists continuing metalcore's earlier sound into the 2000s.[47][91] Norma Jean's O' God, the Aftermath (2005) was Grammy award nominated for Best Recording Package[92] and the Chariot's Long Live (2010) was listed as one of Kerrang!'s "21 best U.S. metalcore albums of all time".[47] In contrast to these bands' dark approach to the genre, Buffalo, New York's Every Time I Die incorporated Southern rock elements and humor,[54] Kerrang! noted them as "shaped the cutting edge of modern metalcore."[93]

#### Melodic metalcore

[edit]

Main article: Melodic metalcore

Melodic metalcore band Killswitch Engage performing in 2016.

In 2002, Killswitch Engage's Alive or Just Breathing reached number 37 on the Heatseekers Albums chart.[94] In 2004, Killswitch Engage's The End of Heartache,[95] Shadows Fall's The War Within,[96][97] and Atreyu's The Curse[98] peaked at numbers 21, 20, and 36 on the Billboard 200, respectively. Also, in 2006, Atreyu's third studio album, A Death-Grip On Yesterday peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200, only to be followed up by 2007's Lead Sails Paper Anchor, which peaked at number 8.[98] Atreyu's 2002 debut album Suicide Notes and Butterfly Kisses, as of 3 July 2004, has sold 107,000 copies in the United States.[99] Killswitch Engage's 2004 album The End of Heartache[100] and 2006 album As Daylight Dies[101] were both certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Killswitch Engage's 2002 album Alive or Just Breathing, as of 3 July 2004, has sold 114,000 copies in the United States.[99] Unearth began to have success among heavy metal fans in 2004 with the release of their second album The Oncoming Storm, which peaked at number 1 on the Heatseekers Albums chart on 17 July 2004.[102] On that same day, the album peaked at number 105 on the Billboard 200\. Unearth's 2006 album III: In the Eyes of Fire peaked at number 35 on the Billboard 200\. The band's 2008 album The March peaked at number 45 on the Billboard 200.[103] Oncoming Storm, III: In the Eyes of Fire', and The March peaked at numbers 6, 2 and 3 on the Independe nt Albums chart, respectively.[104]

Avenged Sevenfold's first two albums Sounding the Seventh Trumpet (2001) and Waking the Fallen (2003) were also both metalcore albums. On the band's 2005 album City of Evil, Avenged Sevenfold moved away from metalcore and changed to a traditional heavy metal sound.[105] On 15 June 2005, Blabbermouth.net reported that Waking the Fallen has sold 172,253 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[106] On 17 July 2009, Waking the Fallen was certified gold by the RIAA.[107]

As I Lay Dying live at With Full Force 2007.

Trivium also achieved success among heavy metal fans when their 2005 album Ascendancy peaked at number 151 on the Billboard 200\. Their albums The Crusade (2006) and Shogun (2008) peaked at numbers 25 and 23 on the Billboard 200, respectively.[108] Bleeding Through's 2006 album The Truth peaked at number 1 on the Independent Albums chart on 28 January 2006.[109] On that same day, the album peaked at number 48 on the Billboard 200.[110] Metalcore band As I Lay Dying also achieved success among heavy metal fans. The band's 2005 album Shadows Are Security peaked at number 35 on the Billboard 200[111] and sold 263,000 copies, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[112] As I Lay Dying's 2007 album An Ocean Between Us peaked at number 8 on the Billboard 200 in 2007.[111] As of April 2005, As I Lay Dying's 2003 album Frail Words Collapse sold 118,000 copies in the United States.[113] All That Remains achieved success with their 2006 album The Fall of Ideals, which, as of 1 October 2008, sold 175,000 copies in the United States.[114] All That Remains' 2008 album Overcome peaked at number 16 on the Billboard 200.[114] Overcome's song "Two Weeks" peaked at number 9 on the Mainstream Rock Songs chart on 16 May 2009.[115] Bullet for My Valentine's debut album The Poison was released in October 2005 in Europe and was released in February 2006 in the United States. On 26 July 2006, Blabbermouth.net reported that The Poison has sold 72,000 copies in the United States.[116] On 27 October 2007, Blabbermouth.net reported that The Poison has sold 336,000 copies in the United States.[117] On 3 April 2010, Billboard reported that The Poison sold 573,000 copies in the United States.[118] The Poison was certified gold by the RIAA on 30 January 2009.[119] Bullet for My Valentine's second album Scream Aim Fire, released in 2008, peaked at number 4 on the Billboard 200 and sold 360,000 copies in the United States.[118] Bullet for My Valentine's 2010 album Fever peaked at number 3 on the Billboard 200, selling 71,000 copies in the United States during its first week of release.[118] Fever's song "Your Betrayal" peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart.[120]

#### Diversification

[edit]

Whitechapel on 2011 Summer Slaughter Tour.

See also: Deathcore and electronicore

As the decade progressed, metalcore became increasingly tied to the social media Myspace, launched in 2003, and the scene subculture that was prominent on the platform.[121] Marketing through Myspace launched the careers of many of the era's most prominent bands including Bring Me the Horizon, Attack Attack!, Black Veil Brides, Bullet for My Valentine, Job For a Cowboy and Suicide Silence. Despite the stylistic distinctness between many of these groups' sounds they became encompassed by the terms "myspace-core" and "scene-core". Many went on to become fixtures at Warped Tour,[122] and Fearless Records's Punk Goes... cover series.[123]

Deathcore is a fusion of metalcore and death metal.[124][125][126] Deathcore is defined by breakdowns, blast beats and death metal riffs.[127] Bands may also incorporate guitar solos and even riffs that are influenced by metalcore.[124] New York-based death metal group Suffocation is credited as one of the main influences for the emergence of deathcore. Embodyments album "Embrace The Eternal" is a foundation for the modern Deathcore sound.[128] Some examples of deathcore bands are Suicide Silence,[129] Whitechapel,[129] Knights of the Abyss,[130] Carnifex[129] and Chelsea Grin.[131]

In 2006 and 2007, a wave of metalcore bands strongly influenced by death metal dubbed deathcore gained moderate popularity. Notable bands that brought the genre to the fore include Bring Me the Horizon and Suicide Silence. Suicide Silence's No Time to Bleed peaked at number 32 on the Billboard 200, number 12 on the Rock Albums Chart and number 6 on the Hard Rock Albums Chart,[132] while their album The Black Crown peaked at number 28 on the Billboard 200, number 7 on the Rock Albums Chart and number 3 on the Hard Rock Albums Chart.[132] After its release, Whitechapel's album This Is Exile sold 5,900 in copies, which made it enter the Billboard 200 chart at position 118.[133] Their self-titled album peaked at number 65 on the Canadian Albums Chart[134] and also at number 47 on the Billboard 200.[135] Their third album A New Era of Corruption sold about 10,600 copies in the United States in its first week of being released and peaked at position number 43 on the Billboard 200 chart.[136] Furthermore, Bring Me the Horizon won the 2006 Kerrang! Awards for Best British Newcomer after they released their 2006 debut record Count Your Blessings.[137] However, Bring Me the Horizon abandoned the deathcore genre after the release of this album.[138] San Diego natives Carnifex, witnessed success with their first album Dead in My Arms, selling 5,000 copies with little publicity. On top of their non-stop touring and methodical songwriting resulted in Carnifex quickly getting signed to label Victory Records.[139] Lastly, Australian deathcore band Thy Art Is Murder debuted at number 35 on the ARIA Charts with their album Hate (2012)[140] making them the first extreme metal band to ever reach the Top 40 of this chart.[141]

Asking Alexandria at Mayhem Festival 2012.

Electronicore's merger of metalcore with various electronic music styles emerged in the 2000s. One of the earliest contributors to the sound was St Albans band Enter Shikari.[142] Their debut album Take to the Skies peaked at number on the Official UK Album Chart selling 28,000 copies in its first week and was certified Gold in the UK after selling over 100,000 copies. It was also the first album to achieve a significant chart success for a new act operating outside the traditional label system.[143] The group received international radio airplay and a substantial number of musical awards, from Kerrang!, NME, Rock Sound and the BT Digital Music Awards.[144][145][146] Their second album Common Dreads was released in June 2009 and debuted on the UK Albums Chart at 16.[147] Columbus, Ohio's Attack Attack! gained significant notoriety with their Enter Shikari-influenced sound. The band's song for "Stick Stickly", the lead single from Someday Came Suddenly (2008) went viral online for its use of autotune and synths, with the members' squatting "crab walk" stance during the music video giving way to the crabcore meme.[148] Warren, Michigan band I See Stars's debut album 3-D debuted at number 176 on the Billboard 200, number 5 on Top Heatseekers, and number 22 on Top Independent Albums.[149] The Devil Wears Prada's 2011 album Dead Throne (which sold 32,400 in its first week)[150] reached number 10[151] on the Billboard 200 chart. Asking Alexandria also achieved success, with their 2009 song "Final Episode (Let's Change the Channel)" being certified gold by the RIAA.[152] The band's 2011 album Reckless & Relentless peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200.[153]

In the late 2000s, a wave of groups began to gain traction cross-pollinating the metalcore style of bands like Shai Hulud and Misery Signals, with the influence of traditional hardcore and melodic hardcore groups like Killing the Dream. This wave often made use of serious, solemn lyrics and sometimes clean vocals in addition to the commonplace screams. Music commentators including Stuff You Will Hate, Alternative Press and Bradley Zorgdrager of Exclaim! used the name "serious hardcore" or "srscore" to refer to this style.[154][155] Groups in this wave included Hundredth, the Ghost Inside, Counterparts[155] and Stick to Your Guns.[156]

### Continued success: 2010s–present

[edit]

Bring Me the Horizon's 2013 album Sempiternal was highly influential on metalcore in the 2010s

Architects and Bring Me the Horizon spearheaded the British metalcore scene of the late 2000s and early 2010s.[157] Architects had begun as a mathcore band on Nightmares (2006) before moving into metalcore by the release of Ruin (2007).[158] Hysteria magazine credited the band's long time vocalist Sam Carter with reviving high pitched screamed vocals in metalcore and "influencing an entire generation of acts such as Polaris, In Hearts Wake, Void of Vision, Invent Animate, Imminence...the list goes on", as well as popularising the "blegh" adlib, which subsequently became commonplace in the genre.[157] Bring Me the Horizon's third album There Is a Hell Believe Me I've Seen It. There Is a Heaven Let's Keep It a Secret. (2010), saw the band incorporate electronica, classical music and pop music into their metalcore style,[159] a trend then continued further on Sempiternal (2013), which also embraced elements of nu metal.[160] The Latter peaked at number 3 on the UK albums chart,[161] and was one of the earliest releases by a UK metalcore band on a major label, through RCA Records.[162] Following this, many bands in the metalcore scene began to emulate the sound these albums.[160] The band's massive mainstream success led publications such as the Guardian and the Independent to accredit them as "the new Metallica",[163][164] and Metal Hammer writer Stephen Hill to call Sempiternal "this generation's definitive metal album".[160]

The nu metal elements present on Sempiternal, as well as Suicide Silence's The Black Crown (2012), led to a wave of bands in the mid-2010s taking influence from nu metal.[165] My Ticket Home's Strangers Only (2013) was a notable precedent of this wave, seeing a previously established metalcore act merge their style with dark, nu metal influence to help establish the coming nu metalcore sound.[166] Issues' merger of nu metal, metalcore and contemporary R&B gained them significant commercial success, with a number of publications crediting them as ushering a new wave of nu metal.[167][168] Their debut self-titled album (2014) peaked at number nine on the Billboard 200 chart[169] and their second album Headspace (2016) reached number one on the Top Alternative Albums chart.[170] Furthermore, Bring Me the Horizon's fifth album That's the Spirit (2015) saw the band fully embrace nu metal,[171] which peaked at number 2 in both the UK and US.[172][173] In the following years Emmure,[174][175][176] Of Mice & Men,[177][178][179] Sworn In and DangerKids had all embraced the genre,[165] and by 2016, nu metalcore had solidified itself as a movement.[180]

Architects were one of the most prominent metalcore bands in the 2010s

Architect's All Our Gods Have Abandoned Us (2016) was released to critical acclaim, with Metal Hammer writer Stephen Hill called it "as close to a perfect metal record as one can imagine". The following year, they released the single "Doomsday", their first release since the death of the band's founding guitarist Tom Searle. In the years following the single's release, the song's sound became widely imitated within the metalcore scene,[158] particularly the song's introduction guitar riff.[157]

As the decade drew to a close, a new wave of bands in the genre emerged who harkened back to the metallic hardcore sound of bands from the 1990s. Vein.fm,[181] Code Orange, Knocked Loose, Varials, Jesus Piece, Counterparts and Kublai Khan were all notable groups who gained significant success within the genre at the time.[citation needed] Code Orange saw critical acclaim and success with their Roadrunner Records debut Forever in 2017. Forever's title track was also nominated Grammy for Best Metal Performance in 2018.[182][183][184][185] It too embraced the influence of nu metal and according to PopMatters writer Ethan Stewart, led to nu metalcore becoming "one of the most prominent flavors of contemporary metal".[180] Knocked Loose gained significant attention after their song "Counting Worms" from their album Laugh Tracks (2016) became a meme due to its "arf arf" mosh call.[186] The band's 2019 second album A Different Shade of Blue also received critical and commercial success.[187][188]

Nu metalcore maintained its prominence into the 2020s with Tetrarch and Tallah gaining notability.[189] Loathe's second album I Let It In and It Took Everything (2020) saw critical acclaim, and was consistently praised for expanding the scope of metalcore by incorporating elements of nu metal, shoegaze, emo, post-rock, progressive metal and industrial music.[190][191][192] The band's use of the Fender Bass VI guitar, which tunes to an octave below a standard tuning guitar, became widely sought after following the album's release.[193] Publications credited Spiritbox similarly with Metal Hammer calling them "post-metalcore" and "genre-fluid".[194] The band's 2020 single "Holy Roller" reached the Top 40 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart,[195] and their debut album Eternal Blue was named the year's best rock or metal album by Loudwire[196] and metalcore album by Metal Hammer.[197]

Around the same time, a number of bands gained prominence in the scene that revived the sound of groups from the mid-to-late-2000s, fronted by Static Dress, SeeYouSpaceCowboy, If I Die First and CrazyEightyEight. This movement grew out of both the hardcore scene and the mainstream success that the emo rap scene gained the late-2010s.[198]

Formed in 2015, Bad Omens' third album The Death of Peace of Mind (2022) was the band's commercial breakthrough after viral success of the album's second single "Just Pretend" on TikTok[199] which then topped the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart.[200] By March 2023, the album had received 20 million streams on Spotify, leading to Metal Hammer calling them "the biggest metalcore band in a generation."[199] Bring Me the Horizon's Post Human: Survival Horror (2020)[201] and Architects' For Those That Wish to Exist (2021) both also reached number one in the UK album charts.[202]

## Reception and legacy

[edit]

Metalcore is not universally accepted in some traditional heavy metal and hardcore circles.[203] There has been debate and disagreement over whether metalcore is an authentic subgenre of heavy metal, and some in the heavy metal community do not recognize it as a "true" form of metal.[204][205][206] Traditional metalheads tend to view it as an inauthentic imitation of "real" metal, and "a diluted misinterpretation of metal's stylistic codes".[203]

In the early 2000s, bands under the metalcore banner drew criticism for "their increasingly considered images, polished production, and what was seen as appeal to progressively more mainstream audiences".[207] Despite several metalcore bands achieving critical acclaim and cult status, several journalists have noted that the metalcore tag earned a "bad rep" after several bands in the genre found commercial success, or released albums with polished production. Andrew Sacher of Brooklyn Vegan stated his belief that "the mainstream boom tarnished the word 'metalcore' for a while."[208] Several bands and musicians labelled as metalcore have rejected the term entirely,[209][210][211] and even some who accept the term nonetheless insist that the style has become "bastardized" by the influence of commercialism and trends.[212]

Critics and journalists have observed the increased presence of ballads on modern metalcore albums, claiming that the "punk rock spirit [is] long gone" from the genre. Stephen Hill of Metal Hammer assessed, "Killswitch Engage became something akin to the Metallica of metalcore, enjoying continued success whilst others dwindled but, with Howard Jones taking the mic from Jess Leach, becoming more hard rock and ballad-heavy with each new album." Journalists have also observed many later metalcore bands omitting direct hardcore punk influence entirely. Hill also assessed, "So instantly recognisable was the Killswitch sound that it was aped unashamedly by many a newcomer, where before it was an underground scene full of innovative and eclectic bands, there was now a formula."[213] Furthermore, many of the genre's more commercially successful acts, such as All That Remains, Asking Alexandria, Of Mice & Men and Bring Me the Horizon, eventually abandoned their metalcore roots entirely, opting for what has been described as a "more radio-friendly rock\- and pop-inclined" approach.[214][215] Stephen Hill of Metal Hammer explained: "To onlookers from the outside, metalcore was dead, a one dimensional flash in the pan to go alongside glam and nu-metal in the ‘what were we thinking?’ Fads of alternative culture."[216]

Some practitioners of the style who have expressed disillusionment with its development have attempted to differentiate and constitute acts such as Martyr AD and Poison The Well as representing "what true metalcore is."[212] In congruence, Stephen Hill of Metal Hammer suggested that later metalcore bands such as Attila and Blessthefall "[have] more in common with airbrushed, cynically-minded boy bands than the melding of two counter-cultures."[213]

## See also

[edit]

Look up metalcore in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikiquote has quotations related to Metalcore.

Wikiversity has learning resources about Metalcore Theory

* List of metalcore bands

## References

[edit]

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## Bibliography

[edit]

* Haenfler, Ross. Straight Edge: Clean-living Youth, Hardcore Punk, and Social Change, Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-3852-1.
* Mudrian, Albert (2000). Choosing Death: The Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore. Feral House. ISBN 1-932595-04-X.
* Sharpe-Young, Garry (2005). New Wave of American Heavy Metal. Zonda Books. ISBN 0-9582684-0-1.
* Giordano, James (2016). Maldynia: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on the Illness of Chronic Pain. CRC Press. ISBN 9781439836316.

## External links

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