Metropolitan areas in Romania

Metropolitan areas in Romania are private agencies of public utility which were established by Law no. 351 of 6 July 2001 with the aim of encouraging the development of neighboring towns and communes within a radius of 30 km. The first to be established was the metropolitan area of Iași, on 8 April 2004, while the last is that of Drobeta-Turnu Severin, on 28 August 2019. There are 24 metropolitan areas in Romania that have been constituted as of 2019.

## Legislative status

[edit]

The 2001 legislation regulates the status of the 319 cities in Romania according to their population and regional importance (Law no. 351 of 6 July 2001):[1]

* rank 0 – the capital of Romania, municipality of European importance;
* rank I – municipalities of national importance, with potential influence at European level;
* rank II – municipalities of inter-county or county importance or with a balancing role in the network of localities;
* rank III – towns.

Legislation also restricts the possibility to engage into a metropolitan area project to only those cities that are of rank 0 or I.[2] The metropolitan areas are thus organized as legal entities without legal personality, being able to function on a perimeter independent of the limits of the administrative-territorial units, established by mutual agreement by the local public administration authorities.[2] Legislation was amended in 2011 to allow county seat municipalities to form metropolitan areas in association with urban and rural localities in their immediate vicinity (i.e., up to 30 km from the main city).[3]

## Constituted metropolitan areas

[edit]

Disbanded metropolitan area

Metropolitan area not member of the Romanian Federation of Metropolitan Areas and Urban Agglomerations (FZMAUR)[4]

Constituted Metropolitan Areas in Romania  Name  | Population (2021)[5] | Area
(km2) | Density
(pop/km2) | Component localities  | Established[6]

|
|
|
|
|

Alba Iulia | 144,341 | 910 | 159 | Cities of Alba Iulia and Sebeș, town of Teiuș and 8 communes[7] | 2007[7]
Bacău | 319,624 | 1,065 [8] | 300 | City of Bacău, town of Buhuși and 22 communes[8] | 2007
Baia Mare | 244,238 | 1,388 [9] | 176 | City of Baia Mare, towns of Baia Sprie, Cavnic, Seini, Șomcuta Mare and Tăuții-Măgherăuș and 13 communes[9] | 2006
Botoșani | 162,318 | 528 | 307 | City of Botoșani, town of Bucecea and 7 communes[10] | 2012
Brașov | 476,893 | 1,745 [11] | 273 | Cities of Brașov, Codlea and Săcele, towns of Ghimbav, Predeal, Râșnov and Zărnești and 11 communes[11] | 2006
Bucharest | 2,536,859 | 1,821 [12] | 1,393 | City of Bucharest and all of Ilfov County including towns of Voluntari, Pantelimon, Buftea, Popești-Leordeni, Bragadiru, Chitila, Otopeni, Măgurele[6] | 2016
Cluj | 433,247 | 1,603 [13] | 270 | City of Cluj-Napoca and 19 communes[13] | 2008
Constanța | 491,746 | 2,121 [14] | 232 | City of Constanța, towns of Eforie, Murfatlar, Năvodari, Ovidiu and Techirghiol and 10 communes[14] | 2007
Corvina (Deva–Hunedoara) | 173,393 | 410 | 423 | Cities of Deva and Hunedoara, towns of Călan and Simeria and 3 communes[15] | 2008
Craiova | 392,898 | 1,499 [16] | 262 | City of Craiova, towns of Filiași and Segarcea and 21 communes[16] | 2009
Drobeta-Turnu Severin | 141,837 | 555 | 256 | Cities of Drobeta-Turnu Severin and Orșova and 5 communes[17] | 2019
Iași | 492,556 | 808 [18] | 610 | City of Iași and 13 communes[19] | 2004
Oradea | 277,605 | 754 | 368 | City of Oradea and 11 communes[20] | 2005
Piatra Neamț | 166,974 | 461 | 362 | City of Piatra Neamț, town of Roznov and 8 communes[6] | 2013
Pitești | 228,554 | 479 | 477 | City of Pitești, town of Ștefănești and 7 communes[6] | 2009
Ploiești | 363,089 | 717 | 506 | City of Ploiești, towns of Băicoi, Boldești-Scăeni, Bușteni and Plopeni and 10 communes[6] | 2009
Râmnicu Vâlcea | 191,934 | — | — | City of Râmnicu Vâlcea, towns of Băbeni, Băile Govora, Băile Olănești, Călimănești and Ocnele Mari and 14 communes[6] | 2013-2015
(disbanded)[21]
Reșița | 117,612 | 777 | 151 | City of Reșița, town of Bocșa and 8 communes[6] | 2013
Roman | 162,533 | 1,121 | 145 | City of Roman and 24 communes[22] | 2009
Satu Mare | 250,290 | 2,251 | 111 | Cities of Carei and Satu Mare, towns of Ardud and Tășnad and 22 communes[23] | 2013
Suceava | 211,708 | 682 | 310 | City of Suceava, town of Salcea and 13 communes[6] | 2011
Târgu Mureș | 230,143 | 695 | 331 | City of Târgu Mureș, town of Ungheni and 13 communes[24] | 2006
Timișoara | 468,430 | 1,080 [25] | 388 | City of Timișoara and 14 communes[25] | 2008
Vaslui | 149,601 | 541 | 277 | City of Vaslui and 10 communes[6] | 2015
Zalău | 153,206 | 1,048 | 146 | City of Zalău, towns of Cehu Silvaniei, Jibou and Șimleu Silvaniei and 14 communes[6] | 2015

## Planned metropolitan areas

[edit]

Metropolitan areas in Romania in planning stages  Name | Population (2018)[5] | Component localities[6]

|
|

Alexandria | 98,763 | City of Alexandria and 14 communes
Arad | 355,863 | City of Arad, towns of Curtici, Lipova, Nădlac, Pâncota, Pecica and Sântana and 26 communes
Bistrița | 153,631 | City of Bistrița and 15 communes
Brăila | 226,282 | City of Brăila and 5 communes
Buzău | 201,057 | City of Buzău and 11 communes[26]
Călărași | 116,960 | City of Călărași and 9 communes
Focșani | 201,129 | City of Focșani, towns of Mărășești and Odobești and 21 communes
Galați[27] | 396,528 | City of Galați and 20 communes
Giurgiu | 86,017 | City of Giurgiu and 6 communes
Miercurea Ciuc | 105,799 | City of Miercurea Ciuc, towns of Băile Tușnad and Bălan and 19 communes
Sfântu Gheorghe | 93,593 | City of Sfântu Gheorghe and 13 communes
Sibiu | 288,612 | City of Sibiu, towns of Avrig, Cisnădie, Ocna Sibiului, Săliște and Tălmaciu and 17 communes[28]
Slatina | 141,598 | City of Slatina, town of Piatra-Olt and 19 communes
Slobozia | 60,312 | City of Slobozia and 3 communes
Târgoviște | 218,613 | City of Târgoviște and 26 communes
Târgu Jiu | 158,189 | City of Târgu Jiu, towns of Bumbești-Jiu and Tismana and 14 communes
Tulcea | 110,495 | City of Tulcea and 6 communes

## Conurbations

[edit]

See also: Conurbation

* Baia Mare–Satu Mare (estimated population: 400,000)[29]
* Bucharest–Ploiești–Târgoviște (estimated population: 3 million)[30]
* Lower Danube (Galați–Brăila) (estimated population: 580,000)[31][32]
* Prahova Valley (Câmpina–Predeal) |(estimated population: 150,000)[29]
* Suceava–Botoșani (estimated population: 300,000)[33][34]
* Timișoara–Arad (estimated population: 805,000)[35][36]

## Functional urban areas

[edit]

In the EU, as defined by Eurostat, a functional urban area (FUA) – formerly known as larger urban zone (LUZ) – consists of a city and its commuting zone.

Largest functional urban areas of Romania[37] Rank | Name | County | Development region | Population (2018)

|
|
|
|

1 | Bucharest | – | Bucharest–Ilfov | 2,478,618
2 | Iași | Iași | Northeast | 500,668
3 | Constanța | Constanța | Southeast | 419,033
4 | Brașov | Brașov | Center | 401,516
5 | Cluj-Napoca | Cluj | Northwest | 396,339
6 | Timișoara | Timiș | West | 364,325
7 | Galați | Galați | Southeast | 322,953
8 | Craiova | Dolj | Southwest | 321,329
9 | Ploiești | Prahova | South | 289,394
10 | Oradea | Bihor | Northwest | 239,926
11 | Bacău | Bacău | Northeast | 225,852
12 | Sibiu | Sibiu | Center | 215,248
13 | Pitești | Argeș | South | 214,287
14 | Brăila | Brăila | Southeast | 210,271
15 | Arad | Arad | West | 203,695

## See also

[edit]

Politics of Romania

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## References

[edit]

1. ^ "LEGE nr. 351 din 6 iulie 2001". Camera Deputaților.
2. ^ a b Dumitrică, Cătălin Daniel; Dinu, Ioana Teodora (2013). "Zona metropolitană ca răspuns reflex la guvernarea multinivel și deciziile publice naționale derivate" (PDF). Economie teoretică și aplicată. XX (6): 97–117.
3. ^ "LEGE nr. 264 din 7 decembrie 2011". Portal Legislativ.
4. ^ "Statut actualizat" (PDF). Federația Zonelor Metropolitane și Aglomerărilor Urbane din România.
5. ^ a b "Populația României la 1 ianuarie 2018 (date definitive)". Direcția pentru Politici Fiscale și Bugetare Locale. Ministerul Dezvoltării, Lucrărilor Publice și Administrației.
6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Romania Catching-Up Regions: Areas/Sectors for Interjurisdictional Cooperation" (PDF). The World Bank. December 2019. pp. 124–129.
7. ^ a b Oprea, Adriana (22 May 2020). "Noi clarificări de la autorități despre cele 22 de zone metropolitane din România". Libertatea.
8. ^ a b "Zona metropolitană Bacău, Fata Morgana din centrul Moldovei". Deferlări. 10 October 2014.
9. ^ a b "Statutul Municipiului Baia Mare" (PDF). Municipiul Baia Mare. 2015. p. 61.
10. ^ "Membri". Zona Metropolitană Botoșani.
11. ^ a b "Statutul Municipiului Brașov" (PDF). BrasovCity.ro. p. 16.
12. ^ "Regiunea București-Ilfov". Agenția pentru Dezvoltare Regională București-Ilfov.
13. ^ a b "Despre noi". Zona Metropolitană Cluj.
14. ^ a b "Membri". Zona Metropolitană Constanța.
15. ^ Hihn, Monalise (13 January 2016). "Conurbația CORVINA, între vis și realitate". Hunedoara Liberă.
16. ^ a b "Date generale". Zona Metropolitană Craiova.
17. ^ Georgescu, Alexandra (9 June 2020). "Zona Metropolitană Drobeta Turnu Severin își mărește numărul de membri". Adevărul.
18. ^ "Date generale". Zona Metropolitană Iași.
19. ^ "Planul Integrat de Dezvoltare pentru Polul de Creștere Iași 2009 - 2015" (PDF). Zona Metropolitană Iași. 27 October 2009. p. 9.
20. ^ "Componența". Zona Metropolitană Oradea.
21. ^ Sidorov, Andrei (30 June 2015). "Zona Metropolitană Râmnicu Vâlcea se desființează". Cetățeanul.net.
22. ^ Nistor, Alex (18 August 2009). "24 de comune s-au "aliat" în cadrul Asociației "Roman Metropolitan"". Ziarul de Roman.
23. ^ "Membri". Zona Metropolitană Satu Mare.
24. ^ "LA CE FOLOSEȘTE – Zona Metropolitană Târgu Mureș, o struțo-cămilă care n-a folosit la nimic, face ceva: se mărește scriptic cu încă o comună". msnews. 23 February 2021.
25. ^ a b "Zona Metropolitană Timișoara" (PDF). Polul de Creștere Timișoara. p. 6.
26. ^ ""Facem Zona Metropolitană Buzău!". Cine va intra aici". Buzoienii. 10 October 2020.
27. ^ "Zona metropolitană Galați, din nou în dezbatere. Ce localități ar urma să includă – Impartial".
28. ^ Bratu, Alin (15 May 2020). "Sibiul are Zonă Metropolitană. Sibienii din 23 de localități se pot deplasa fără adeverințe". Turnul Sfatului.
29. ^ a b "Studiul 16. Formarea și dezvoltarea sistemelor de localități" (PDF). Strategia de dezvoltare teritorială a României. 2014.
30. ^ "Strategia integrată de dezvoltare urbană pentru Polul de Creștere Ploiești 2014-2020" (PDF). Agenția pentru Dezvoltare Regională Sud Muntenia. p. 55.
31. ^ Săgeată, Radu (2008). "Conceptul de zonă metropolitană, cu aplicare la România". "DEMOS" – Dezvoltarea durabilă a zonelor metropolitane. Vol. I. Editura Pro Universitaria. pp. 374–382\. ISBN 978-973-129-341-7.
32. ^ "Protocol pentru o nouă zonă metropolitană, cu peste 450.000 locuitori". Digi 24. 15 May 2018.
33. ^ Chiriță, Viorel; Matei, Daniela (2016). "Functional and Structural Features of Suceava and Botoșani Metropolitan Areas". Journal of Accounting and Management. 6 (2): 5–19.
34. ^ Cozmei, Victor; Ivanov, Catiușa (19 November 2013). "Cum poate aduce sute de milioane de euro asocierea dintre două orașe. Studii de caz: Botoșani-Suceava și Arad-Timișoara". HotNews.ro.
35. ^ "Studiu de potențial privind dezvoltarea la nivelul municipiilor Timișoara și Arad" (PDF). Ministerul Investițiilor și Proiectelor Europene. 2015. pp. 8–9.
36. ^ Mîț, Adriana (13 January 2018). "De ce Timișoara trebuie să "facă pace" cu Aradul". pressalert.ro.
37. ^ "Population on 1 January by age groups and sex - functional urban areas". Eurostat.

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Metropolitan areas in Romania

* Bacău
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Planned metropolitan areas are shown in italics
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