Military Cross

British military decoration

For the Polish military award, see Order of the Military Cross and Military Cross (Poland).

Award

Military Cross

Military Cross

Type| Military decoration
Awarded for| ... gallantry during active operations against the enemy.[1]
Description| Obverse: Straight armed silver cross, Royal Cypher in centre
Reverse: plain
Presented by| United Kingdom and Commonwealth
Eligibility| British, (and formerly) Commonwealth and allied forces
Status| Active
Established| 28 December 1914
First award| 1 January 1915 to 98 officers and warrant officers.[2]
Total| Including further awards:[3]
George V: c. 43,500
George VI: over 11,500
Elizabeth II: c. 750
Charles III: 0
Total recipients| 52,000+[4]

Military Cross ribbon:
without bar, and with one and two bars
Order of Wear
Next (higher)| Conspicuous Gallantry Cross[5]
Next (lower)| Distinguished Flying Cross[5]
Related| Military Medal

The Military Cross (MC) is the third-level (second-level until 1993) military decoration awarded to officers and (since 1993) other ranks of the British Armed Forces, and formerly awarded to officers of other Commonwealth countries.

The MC is granted in recognition of "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy on land" to all members of the British Armed Forces of any rank.[6] In 1979, Queen Elizabeth II approved a proposal that a number of awards, including the Military Cross, could be recommended posthumously.[7]

## History

[edit]

The award was created on 28 December 1914 for commissioned officers of the substantive rank of captain or below and for warrant officers. The first 98 awards were gazetted on 1 January 1915, to 71 officers, and 27 warrant officers. Although posthumous recommendations for the Military Cross were unavailable until 1979, the first awards included seven posthumous awards, with the word 'deceased' after the name of the recipient, from recommendations that had been raised before the recipients died of wounds or died from other causes.[2]

Awards are announced in The London Gazette, apart from most honorary awards to allied forces in keeping with the usual practice not to gazette awards to foreigners.[8]

From August 1916, recipients of the Cross were entitled to use the post-nominal letters MC,[9] and bars could be awarded for further acts of gallantry meriting the award,[10] with a silver rosette worn on the ribbon when worn alone to denote the award of each bar.

From September 1916, members of the Royal Naval Division, who served alongside the Army on the Western Front, were made eligible for military decorations, including the Military Cross, for the war's duration.[11] Naval officers serving with the division received 140 MCs and eight second award bars.[3]

In June 1917, eligibility was extended to temporary majors, not above the substantive rank of captain.[12] Substantive majors were made eligible in 1953.[13]

In 1931, the award was extended to equivalent ranks in the Royal Air Force for actions on the ground.[14]

After the Second World War, most Commonwealth countries created their own honours system and no longer recommended British awards. The last Military Cross awards for the Canadian Army were for Korea. The last four Australian Army Military Cross awards were promulgated in The London Gazette on 1 September 1972 for Vietnam as was the last New Zealand Army Military Cross award, which was promulgated on 25 September 1970. Canada, Australia and New Zealand have now created their own gallantry awards under their own honours systems.

Since the 1993 review of the honours system, as part of the drive to remove distinctions of rank in awards for bravery the Military Medal, formerly the third-level decoration for other ranks, was discontinued. The MC is now the third-level award for all ranks of the British Armed Forces for "exemplary gallantry" on land, not to the standard required to receive the Victoria Cross (for "the most conspicuous bravery") or the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross.[15]

## Description

[edit]

The Military Cross was designed by Henry Farnham Burke,[16][17] while its ribbon was created by Victoria Ponsonby, Baroness Sysonby.[17]

In the Medal Yearbook 2015 it is described as follows:[18]

* 46 mm maximum height, 44 mm maximum width.
* Ornamental silver cross with straight arms terminating in broad finials, suspended from a plain suspension bar.
* Obverse decorated with imperial crowns, with the Royal Cypher in centre.
* Reverse is plain. From 1938 until 1957 the year of award was engraved on lower limb of cross,[19] and since 1984 it has been awarded named to the recipient.[18]
* The ribbon width is 32 mm and consists of three equal vertical moire stripes of white, purple, and white.
* Ribbon bar denoting a further award is plain silver, with a crown in the centre.

## Recipients

[edit]

### Numbers awarded

[edit]

Since 1914, over 52,000 Military Crosses and 3,717 bars have been awarded.[4][3] The dates below reflect the relevant London Gazette entries:

Period |  | Medals | 1st bar | 2nd bar | 3rd bar |  | Honorary
MCs | Honorary
MC bars

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

World War I | 1914–20 | 37,104 | 2,984 | 169 | 4 |  | 2,909[20] | –
Inter–War | 1920–39 | 349 | 31 | – | – |  | – | –
World War II | 1939–46 | 10,386 | 482 | 24 | – |  | 438 | 3
Post–War | 1947–79 | 643 | 20 | – | – |  | – | –
Total | 1914–79 | 48,482 | 3,517 | 193 | 4 |  |  3,347 | 3

In addition, approximately 375 MCs have been awarded since 1979, including awards for Northern Ireland, the Falklands, and the wars in the Persian Gulf, Iraq, and Afghanistan.[21]

The above table includes awards to the Dominions:

* In all, 3,727 Military Crosses have been awarded to those serving with Canadian forces, including 324 first bars and 18 second bars.[22]
* A total of 2,930 were awarded to Australians, in addition to 188 first bars and four second bars. Of these, 2,403 MCs, 170 first Bars and four second Bars were for World War I.[23]
* Over 500 MCs were awarded to New Zealanders during World War I and over 250 in World War II. The most recent awards were for service in Vietnam.[24]
* The honorary MC awards were made to servicemen from fifteen Allied countries in World War I, and nine in World War II.[3]

### Notable awards

[edit]

See also: Category:Recipients of the Military Cross

Albert Jacka's MC[25] and bar[26] MC awarded to 2nd Lt. E. W. Fane de Salis (1894–1980)[27]

* During World War I, Acting Captain Francis Wallington of the Royal Field Artillery was the first person to be awarded the MC and three bars when he was invested with his third bar on 10 July 1918 (gazetted 13 September 1918: he had obtained the first three awards as a second lieutenant).[28][29] Three other officers were subsequently awarded a third bar, Percy Bentley, Humphrey Arthur Gilkes and Charles Gordon Timms, all of whose awards appeared in a supplement to the London Gazette on 31 January 1919.[28][30]
* For their key roles during World War I, the cities of Verdun and Ypres were awarded the Military Cross, in September 1916 and February 1920 respectively.[3] In May 1920, Field Marshal French presented the decoration to Ypres in a special ceremony in the city.[31]
* During World War II Captain Sam Manekshaw, Indian Army (who eventually rose to the rank of Field Marshal), was leading a counter-offensive operation against the invading Japanese Army in Burma. During the course of the offensive, he was hit by a burst of machine-gun fire and severely wounded in the stomach. Major General D.T. Cowan spotted Manekshaw holding on to life and was aware of his valour in face of stiff resistance from the Japanese. Fearing the worst, Cowan quickly pinned his own Military Cross ribbon on to Manekshaw saying, "A dead person cannot be awarded a Military Cross."[32]
* The first posthumous Military Cross was that awarded to Captain Herbert Westmacott, Grenadier Guards for gallantry in Northern Ireland during the period 1 February 1980 to 30 April 1980.[33]
* The first woman to be awarded the Military Cross was Private Michelle Norris of the Royal Army Medical Corps, while attached to The Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment for her actions in Iraq on 11 June 2006. Norris was awarded her medal personally by Queen Elizabeth II on 21 March 2007.[34][35]
* Able Seaman Kate Nesbitt, second woman, first in the Royal Navy, for acts in Afghanistan in March 2009 as a Medical Assistant attached to 1 RIFLES, 3 Commando Brigade.[36][37]
* Sergeant Michael Lockett, awarded the MC in 2008, was killed in action in 2009 in Afghanistan. He was the first holder of the MC to be killed in action since World War II.[38][39]

## See also

[edit]

* Category:Recipients of the Military Cross
* British and Commonwealth orders and decorations
* List of British gallantry awards for the Iraq War

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Defence FactSheet: Military Honours and Awards". Archived from the original on 17 April 2010.
2. ^ a b "No. 29024". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1914. pp. 7–9.
3. ^ a b c d e Abbott & Tamplin, British Gallantry Awards, 2nd ed.. pp. 220–222.
4. ^ a b Jenn Stowell (9 December 2020). "All The Gen On The Military Cross". Forces Network. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
5. ^ a b "JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces" (PDF). p. 12A–1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
6. ^ "No. 56693". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 October 2002. p. 11146.
7. ^ Abbott & Tamplin, British Gallantry Awards, 2nd ed.. p. xx.
8. ^ Abbott & Tamplin, British Gallantry Awards, 2nd edition. p. 219.
9. ^ Revised Royal Warrant, clause 8. "No. 29725". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 August 1916. p. 8472.
10. ^ Revised Royal Warrant, clause 5. "No. 29725". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 August 1916. p. 8471.
11. ^ Abbott & Tamplin, British Gallantry Awards, 2nd ed.. p. 217.
12. ^ "The Military Cross, Royal Warrant of 25th June, 1917, amending the Third Clause of The Military Cross Warrant of 23rd August, 1916", War Office 3 July 1917 "No. 30161". The London Gazette. 3 July 1917. p. 6550.
13. ^ Abbott & Tamplin, British Gallantry Awards, 2nd ed. p. 218.
14. ^ "No. 33700". The London Gazette. 20 March 1931. p. 1890.
15. ^ "Military Cross (MC)". Ministry of Defence. 12 December 2012 [Last updated 30 November 2021].
16. ^ "The Military Cross: The New British War Decoration", Illustrated London News, vol. 146, no. 3959 (6 March 1915): 1.
17. ^ a b Hoyte C. Evans, "Kitchener and the Military Cross", Journal of the Orders and Medals Society of America (March–April 1957): 14–15, accessed 3 November 2020, http://www.omsa.org/files/jomsa_arch/Splits/1957/87251_JOMSA_1957_March-April_13.pdf
18. ^ a b John Mussell, Philip Mussell, Medal Yearbook 2015. p. 87.
19. ^ Peter Duckers, British Gallantry Awards 1855–2000, pp. 26–27.
20. ^ The World War I records are incomplete, see p. 220, British Gallantry Awards, (2nd ed), Abbott & Tamplin.
21. ^ Post 1979 MCs include 16 for the Falklands (London Gazette Supplement, 8 October 1982); 11 for Gulf War (London Gazette Supplement, 29 June 1991); 84 for Iraq and 215+1 bar for Afghanistan, plus awards for Northern Ireland and smaller conflicts.
22. ^ Veterans Affairs Canada – Military Cross (Retrieved 7 November 2018)
23. ^ "Imperial Awards". It's an Honour. Australian Government. Archived from the original on 23 June 2006. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
24. ^ New Zealand Defence Force: British Commonwealth Gallantry Awards – The Military Cross (Retrieved 7 November 2018)
25. ^ "No. 29824". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 November 1916. p. 11074.
26. ^ "No. 30135". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 June 1917. p. 5983.
27. ^ "No. 30111". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 June 1917. p. 5478.
28. ^ a b Scott Addington; For Conspicuous Gallantry... Winners of the Military Cross and Bar during the Great War. Volume 1 – Two Bars & Three Bars, Troubador Publishing Ltd, 2006, pp. 343–352.
29. ^ "No. 30901". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 September 1918. p. 10877. (Wallington)
30. ^ "No. 31158". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 January 1919. p. 1617. (Bentley, Gilkes & Timms)
31. ^ "The Award of the Military Cross to the City of Ypres, Belgium". Imperial War Museums.
32. ^ Compton McKenzie (1951), Eastern Epic, Chatto & Windus, London, pp. 440–441.
33. ^ "No. 48346". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 October 1980. p. 14608. (Westmacott)
34. ^ "No. 58183". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 December 2006. p. 17359. (Norris)
35. ^ Glendinning, Lee (22 March 2007). "Historic award for female private". The Guardian. UK. p. 8\. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 March 2007.
36. ^ "No. 59182". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 September 2009. p. 15640. (Nesbitt)
37. ^ "First female Royal Navy medic awarded Military Cross". The Daily Telegraph. London. 27 November 2009. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
38. ^ "No. 58633". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 March 2008. p. 3613.
39. ^ Norton-Taylor, Richard (22 September 2009). "Soldier Killed in Afghanistan Has Been Awarded Military Cross". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 November 2012.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Abbott, Peter and Tamplin, John. British Gallantry Awards, 2nd ed. (1981). Nimrod Dix and Co., London. ISBN 978-0-902633-74-2.
* Duckers, Peter. British Gallantry Awards 1855–2000 (2011). Shire Publications, Risborough, Buckinghamshire. ISBN 978-0-7478-0516-8.
* Mussell, J. (ed.). Medals Yearbook 2015 (2014). Token Publishing, Honiton, Devon. ISBN 978-1-908828-16-3.

## External links

[edit]

* Original Royal Warrant for the MC Supplement to London Gazette, 1 January 1915
* Current Royal Warrant for the MC Supplement to London Gazette, 17 September 2002
* Database of Australian Awardees at the Australian Government Honours website
* Search recommendations for the Military Cross The UK National Archives
* "Military Cross". The King's Own Royal Regiment Museum, Lancaster.
* Notes on numbers awarded North East Medals

* v
* t
* e

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom

Orders|

| Current|

* Garter
* Thistle
* Bath
* Merit
* St Michael and St George
* Royal Victorian
* Distinguished Service
* British Empire
* Imperial Service
* Companions of Honour
* St John

| Royal family orders|

* George VI
* Elizabeth II
* Charles III

|

Dormant|

* St Patrick
* Crown of India
* Star of India
* Indian Empire
* Indian Merit
* British India
* Burma

Defunct|

* Royal Guelphic

| Royal family orders|

* George IV
* Victoria & Albert
* Edward VII
* George V

|

Other|

* Royal Victorian Chain
* Hereditary peerage
* Life peerage
* Privy counsellor
* Baronet
* Knight Bachelor
* Aide-de-camp

Current
decorations
and medals|

| Level 1|

* Victoria Cross
* George Cross

|

Level 2A|

* Distinguished Service Order
* Conspicuous Gallantry Cross
* Royal Red Cross (class I)

Level 2B|

* George Medal
* King's Police Medal, for Gallantry
* King's Fire Service Medal, for Gallantry

Level 3A|

* Distinguished Service Cross
* Military Cross
* Distinguished Flying Cross
* Air Force Cross
* Royal Red Cross (class II)

Level 3B|

* Sea Gallantry Medal
* King's Gallantry Medal
* Royal Victorian Medal
* British Empire Medal
* King’s Police Medal, for Distinguished Service
* King's Fire Service Medal, for Distinguished Service
* King's Ambulance Service Medal
* King's Volunteer Reserves Medal
* Polar Medal
* Imperial Service Medal
* Overseas Territories Police Medal
* Merchant Navy Medal for Meritorious Service

Level 4|

* Mentioned in Despatches
* King's Commendation for Bravery
* King's Commendation for Bravery in the Air
* King's Commendation for Valuable Service

Other|

* Badge of Honour
* Elizabeth Cross
* Elizabeth Emblem

Obsolete
decorations
and medals|

| Level 1|

* Indian Order of Merit (1st class)
* Albert Medal (1st class)
* Edward Medal (1st class)
* Empire Gallantry Medal

|

Level 2A|

* Indian Order of Merit (2nd class)
* Distinguished Conduct Medal
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Flying)

Level 2B|

* Albert Medal (2nd class)
* Edward Medal (2nd class)
* Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Gold

Level 3A|

* Order of British India (1st class)
* Order of British India (2nd class)
* Indian Order of Merit (3rd class)
* Title Badge (India) (1st class)
* Title Badge (India) (2nd class)
* Title Badge (India) (3rd class)
* Royal West African Frontier Force Distinguished Conduct Medal
* King's African Rifles Distinguished Conduct Medal
* Indian Distinguished Service Medal
* Distinguished Service Medal
* Military Medal
* Distinguished Flying Medal
* Air Force Medal
* Burma Gallantry Medal

Level 3B|

* Constabulary Medal (Ireland)
* Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Silver
* Kaisar-i-Hind Medal (Gold, Silver, Bronze)
* Indian Police Medal, for Gallantry
* Ceylon Police Medal, for Gallantry
* Sierra Leone Police Medal, for Gallantry
* Sierra Leone Fire Brigades Medal, for Gallantry
* Mauritius Police Medal for Meritorious Service
* Colonial Police Medal, for Gallantry
* Canada Medal
* Queen's Medal for Chiefs
* Indian Police Medal, for Meritorious Service
* Ceylon Police Medal, for Merit
* Sierra Leone Police Medal, for Meritorious Service
* Sierra Leone Fire Brigades Medal, for Meritorious Service

Level 4|

* Queen's Commendation for Brave Conduct
* Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service in the Air

See also
Order of Wear
British campaign medals
Degradation (knighthood)
Revocations

* v
* t
* e

Former decorations of Australia

Australian Honours Order of Precedence prior to 6 October 1992

Orders of chivalry|

| Most Honourable
Order of the Bath|

* Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)
* Knight/Dame Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB/DCB)
* Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB)

|

Most Distinguished
Order of St Michael
and St George|

* Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG)
* Knight/Dame Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG/DCMG)
* Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG)

Most Excellent Order
of the British Empire|

* / Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE)
* / Knight/Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE/DBE)
* / Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)
* / Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)
* / Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)

Imperial Service Order|

* Companion of the Imperial Service Order (ISO)

Order of the
Companions of Honour|

* Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH)

Miscellaneous|

* Hereditary peer
* Life peer
* Baronet
* Knight Bachelor

Military
gallantry/bravery
decorations|

| In the face
of the enemy|

* Victoria Cross (VC)
* Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)
* Military Cross (MC)
* Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC)
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (CGM)
* Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM)
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Flying) (CGM)
* Distinguished Service Medal (DSM)
* Military Medal (MM)
* Distinguished Flying Medal (DFM)
* Mentioned in despatches

|

Not the face
of the enemy|

* Air Force Cross (AFC)
* Air Force Medal (AFM)
* Queen's Commendation for Brave Conduct

Distinguished
service
decorations|

| In the face
of the enemy|

* Distinguished Service Order (DSO)

|

Not the face
of the enemy|

* King's Police Medal for Distinguished Service (KPM)
* King's Fire Service Medal for Distinguished Service (KFSM)

Civil bravery
decorations|

* George Cross (GC)
* Albert Medal, First Class (AM)
* Albert Medal, First Class (Sea) (AM)
* Albert Medal, Second Class (AM)
* Albert Medal, Second Class (Sea) (AM)
* George Medal (GM)
* King's Police Medal for Gallantry (KPM)
* King's Fire Service Medal for Gallantry (KFSM)
* Sea Gallantry Medal (SGM)
* Queen's Gallantry Medal (QGM)
* Edward Medal (EM)
* Queen's Commendation for Brave Conduct

Nursing service|

* Member of the Royal Red Cross (RRC)
* Associate of the Royal Red Cross (ARRC)

Meritorious service|

* / British Empire Medal (BEM)
* King's Commendation for Valuable Service

* v
* t
* e

South African military decorations and medals

Sorted in order of wear per era or 1994 constituent force

Pre-Union
until 6 April 1952|

* Victoria Cross
* Dekoratie voor Trouwe Dienst
* Distinguished Service Order
* Distinguished Service Cross
* Military Cross
* Distinguished Flying Cross
* Air Force Cross
* Distinguished Conduct Medal
* Distinguished Conduct Medal (Natal)
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
* Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Flying)
* Distinguished Service Medal
* Military Medal
* Distinguished Flying Medal
* Air Force Medal
* British Empire Medal (Military)
* South Africa Medal (1853)
* South Africa Medal (1880)
* Cape of Good Hope General Service Medal
* Queen's South Africa Medal
* Medalje voor de Anglo-Boere Oorlog
* Lint voor Verwonding
* King's South Africa Medal
* Natal Native Rebellion Medal
* 1914–15 Star
* British War Medal
* Victory Medal (South Africa)
* Mercantile Marine War Medal
* 1939–1945 Star
* Atlantic Star
* Arctic Star
* Air Crew Europe Star
* Africa Star
* Pacific Star
* Burma Star
* Italy Star
* France and Germany Star
* Defence Medal
* War Medal
* Africa Service Medal
* King George V Coronation Medal
* King George V Silver Jubilee Medal
* King George VI Coronation Medal
* Meritorious Service Medal (United Kingdom)
* Meritorious Service Medal (Cape of Good Hope)
* Meritorious Service Medal (Natal)
* Meritorious Service Medal (South Africa)
* Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Cape of Good Hope)
* Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Natal)
* Permanent Forces of the Empire Beyond the Seas Medal
* Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (South Africa)
* Volunteer Officers' Decoration for India and the Colonies
* Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies
* Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration
* Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal
* Efficiency Decoration (South Africa)
* Efficiency Medal (South Africa)
* Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve
* Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal
* Air Efficiency Award
* King's Medal for Champion Shots in the Military Forces
* Union of South Africa Commemoration Medal
* South African Medal for War Services
* Sir Harry Smith's Medal for Gallantry (Unofficial)
* Johannesburg Vrijwilliger Corps Medal (Unofficial)
* Kimberley Star (Unofficial)
* Cape Copper Company Medal for the Defence of O'okiep (Unofficial)

1952–1994|

* Honoris Crux Gold
* Star of South Africa, Gold
* Star of South Africa, Silver
* Star of South Africa (1952)
* Louw Wepener Decoration
* Honoris Crux (1952)
* Honoris Crux Silver
* Van Riebeeck Decoration
* Honoris Crux (1975)
* Pro Virtute Decoration
* Southern Cross Decoration
* Pro Merito Decoration
* Van Riebeeck Medal
* Louw Wepener Medal
* Ad Astra Decoration
* Army Cross
* Air Force Cross
* Navy Cross
* Medical Service Cross
* Southern Cross Medal (1952)
* Pro Merito Medal (1967)
* Southern Cross Medal (1975)
* Pro Merito Medal (1975)
* Danie Theron Medal
* Jack Hindon Medal
* Military Merit Medal
* Korea Medal
* Pro Patria Medal
* Southern Africa Medal
* General Service Medal (South Africa)
* Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal
* Medal for Distinguished Conduct and Loyal Service
* Good Service Medal, Gold
* John Chard Decoration
* De Wet Decoration
* Cadet Corps Medal
* Good Service Medal, Silver
* Union Medal
* Permanent Force Good Service Medal
* John Chard Medal
* Good Service Medal, Bronze
* De Wet Medal
* Queen's Medal for Champion Shots in the Military Forces
* Commandant General's Medal
* SADF Champion Shot Medal
* National Cadet Bisley Grand Champion Medal

Transkei|

* Cross for Bravery
* Transkei Defence Force Medal
* Independence Medal (Transkei)
* Military Rule Medal
* Faithful Service Medal

Bophuthatswana|

* Order of the Leopard, Commander
* Distinguished Gallantry Cross
* Defence Force Merit Decoration
* Distinguished Gallantry Medal
* Defence Force Merit Medal
* Marumo Medal, Class I
* Defence Force Commendation Medal
* Marumo Medal, Class II
* Nkwe Medal
* General Service Medal
* Independence Medal
* Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct, Gold
* Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct, Silver
* Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct, Bronze
* State President's Medal for Shooting

Venda|

* Gallantry Cross, Gold
* Gallantry Cross, Silver
* Distinguished Service Medal, Gold
* Distinguished Service Medal, Silver
* Venda Defence Force Medal
* General Service Medal (Venda)
* Independence Medal (Venda)
* Long Service Medal, Gold
* Long Service Medal, Silver
* Long Service Medal, Bronze

Ciskei|

* Sandile Decoration
* Sandile Medal
* Chief C.D.F. Commendation Medal
* Ciskei Defence Medal
* Independence Medal (Ciskei)
* Medal for Long Service, Bronze
* President's Medal for Shooting

Umkhonto
we Sizwe|

* Star for Bravery in Gold
* Star for Bravery in Silver
* Conspicuous Leadership Star
* Decoration for Merit in Gold
* Merit Medal in Silver
* Merit Medal in Bronze
* Operational Medal for Southern Africa
* South Africa Service Medal
* Service Medal in Gold
* Service Medal in Silver
* Service Medal in Bronze

Azanian People's
Liberation Army|

* Gold Star for Bravery
* Bravery Star in Silver
* Star for Conspicuous Leadership
* Gold Decoration for Merit
* Silver Medal for Merit
* Bronze Medal for Merit
* Operational Medal for Southern Africa
* South Africa Service Medal
* Gold Service Medal
* Silver Service Medal
* Bronze Service Medal

From 1994|

* Nkwe ya Gauta
* Nkwe ya Selefera
* iPhrothiya yeGolide
* Nkwe ya Boronse
* iPhrothiya yeSiliva
* iPhrothiya yeBhronzi
* Tshumelo Ikatelaho
* Unitas Medal
* Closure Commemoration Medal
* Medalje vir Troue Diens

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