Militsiya (Belarus)

Belarusian law enforcement agency

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Law enforcement agency

Militsiya of the Republic of Belarus
Міліцыя Рэспублікi Беларусь (Belarusian)
Милиция Республики Беларусь (Russian)

Belarusian Militsiya emblem

Common name| Militsiya
Agency overview
Formed| March 1, 1991
Preceding agency|

* Militsiya

Jurisdictional structure
National agency
(Operations jurisdiction)| Belarus
Operations jurisdiction| Belarus
Legal jurisdiction| Belarus
General nature|

* Civilian police

Operational structure
Child agency|

* Minsk City Police Department

The Militsiya of the Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Міліцыя Рэспублікi Беларусь, Russian: Милиция Республики Беларусь) is a law enforcement agency in Belarus responsible for regular policing duties in the country.[1]

## History

[edit]

Soviet-era Belarusian policeman's uniform, Museum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus Road Police emblem of Belarus

The original Belarusian Militsiya was founded on 4 March 1917 during the events of the February Revolution, when prominent Bolshevik leader and politician Mikhail Frunze was appointed temporary police chief of the local Minsk civilian militia. Just three days later, various Belarusian cities began the process of creating police departments. The provisional regulations on the police were issued on 17 April 1917, establishing the Militsiya as an executive body of state power. In Belarus, as well as in newly formed Russian SFSR as a whole, the Militsiya replaced the previous Tsarist police services such as the Okhrana. On 10 November (28 October, O.S.) 1917, days after the October Revolution took place, the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) issued a decree on the first normative act defining the creation of the Soviet Militsiya. A single police structure was developed for the Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia in 1919, which enabled on 30 November 1920 in the form of the Main Police Administration of the BSSR. In July 1934, the NKVD took up secret police duties in the Belarusian SSR, with duties being transferred to the BSSR's Interior Ministry in March 1946. In early February 1962, law enforcement was handled solely by Soviet Belarusian authorities instead of the national agency. On 1 March 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Belarus enacted the Law "On the Police", which is the main legal act regulating the activities of the internal affairs bodies of an independent republic. On 17 July 2007, the National Assembly of Belarus adopted a law effectively making the Belarusian police a fundamental and flagship agency of the MVD/MUS. 4 March is today considered the birthday of the modern Belarusian police service.[2][3][4]

## Structure

[edit]

Its law enforcement central agency, the Militsiya, is considered to be the main policing and law enforcement agency in Belarus, consisting of services such as:

* National Police Headquarters
* Criminal Police
* Central Department of Criminal Investigation
* Central Department for Combatting Economic Crimes
* Department for Drug Control and Trafficking in Human Beings Combatting
* Public Security Police
* Central Department for Law and Order Ensuring and Prevention of Crimes
* Department of State Traffic Police
* Department of Daily On-Duty Service
* Regional affiliates
* Minsk City Police Department
* Brest City Police Department
* Gomel City Police Department
* Mogilev City Police Department
* Vitebsk City Police Department
* Educational Institutions
* The Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus
* The Mogilev Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
* Centre for Professional Development of Executives and Specialists of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
* Minsk City Cadet College № 1

## Police ranks

[edit]

Officers
Rank group  | General / flag officers  | Senior officers  | Junior officers

|
|
|

Militsiya  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ґенэрал-палкоўнік
G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik | Ґенэрал-лейтэнант
G̀jeneral-liejtenant | Ґенэрал-маёр
G̀jeneral-major | Палкоўнік
Palkoŭnik | Падпалкоўнік
Padpalkoŭnik | Маёр
Major | Капітан
Kapitan | Старшы лейтэнант
Staršy liejtenant | Лейтэнант
Liejtenant | Малодшы лейтэнант
Malodšy liejtenant

Cadets
Rank group  | Senior NCOs  | Junior NCOs  | Enlisted

|
|
|

Militsiya  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
Курсант Старшы прапаршчык
Kursant Staršy praparščyk | Курсант Прапаршчык
Kursant Praparščyk | Курсант Старшына
Kursant Staršyna | Курсант Старшы сяржант
Kursant Staršy siaržant | Курсант Сяржант
Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант
Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Яфрэйтар
Kursant Jafrejtar | Курсант Радавы
Kursant Radavy

Enlisted
Rank group  | Senior NCOs  | Junior NCOs  | Enlisted

|
|
|

Militsiya  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
Старшы прапаршчык
Staršy praparščyk | Прапаршчык
Praparščyk | Старшына
Staršyna | Старшы сяржант
Staršy siaržant | Сяржант
Siaržant | Малодшы сяржант
Malodšy siaržant | Яфрэйтар
Jafrejtar | Радавы
Radavy

## Gallery

[edit]

* A Soviet-era Belarusian policeman in their regular uniform during the 1950s.

* Policemen during civil unrest on October Square.

* Belarusian riot police during a Freedom Day rally in March 2017.

* A specially designed UAZ Patriot police car with the Minsk City Police Department in April 2019.

* A monument in Gomel commemorating the centennial anniversary of the Belarusian police.

* A Belarusian police car in the Museum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

* Belarusian policewomen.

* Rubezh special vehicle

* STREIT Predator water cannon

## See also

[edit]

* Police of Russia
* National Police of Ukraine

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Books, L. L. C. (July 26, 2010). Law Enforcement Agencies of Belarus: Militsiya, Belarusian Auxiliary Police, State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus. General Books LLC. ISBN 9781158413461 - via Google Books.
2. ^ "История ГУВД — ГУВД Минского Горисполкома". Archived from the original on 2008-07-05. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
3. ^ "Law on police use of force in Belarus | The Law on Police Use of Force". Policinglaw.info. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
4. ^ "History of Belarusian Militia". Ministry of Internal Affairs. Retrieved 2023-07-09.

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to Law enforcement in Belarus at Wikimedia Commons

* v
* t
* e

Law enforcement and security in Belarus

President|

* KGB (Alpha Group)
* SBP
* Investigative Committee of Belarus
* State Forensic Examination Committee

Ministry of Internal Affairs|

* Almaz
* Internal Troops
* SOBR
* Militsiya (Minsk City Police Department)
* OMON (AMAP)
* GUBOPiK
* Special Rapid Response Unit

Ministry of Defence|

* State Border Committee

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