Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1

Species of virus

Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1

Virus classification
(unranked):  | Virus
Realm:  | Riboviria
Kingdom:  | Orthornavirae
Phylum:  | Pisuviricota
Class:  | Pisoniviricetes
Order:  | Nidovirales
Family:  | Coronaviridae
Genus:  | Alphacoronavirus
Subgenus:  | Minunacovirus
Species:  |

Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1

Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1 (Bat-CoV MOP1) is the first coronavirus found in bats, sampled in summer 2003 and published in February 2005.[1]

It is a enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus species in the Alphacoronavirus, or Group 1, genus with a corona-like morphology. Isolates have not been found in humans.[2]

## Reservoir

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The Miniopterus bat is a bent-winged bat found throughout Asia and the Middle East. Isolates of Miniopterus Bat CoV-1 have not been found in humans. Bat-CoV-1A and 1B have been also isolated from Miniopterus magnater and Miniopterus pusillus in Hong Kong. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these group 1 bat coronaviruses have descended from a common ancestor. The four different but closely related group 1 alphacoronaviruses (bat-CoV 1A, 1B, HKU7 and HKU8), have been isolated from otherwise healthy bats which suggests that these viruses are well established in these species.[citation needed]

## Transmission

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Transmission of Miniopterus Bat CoV-1 within the species is believed to be through droplet-respiration from contaminates of saliva and excreta. There is also evidence of interspecies transmission of coronavirus among bats.[3]

## Genome

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All the Alpha and betacoronaviruses, Group 1 and Group 2, are derived from the bat gene pool. There are at least four different, but closely related, Alphacoronaviruses (bat-CoV 1A, 1B, HKU7 and HKU8) circulating in bent-winged bats. Coronaviruses in bats are descended from a common ancestor and have been evolving in bats over a long period of time.[4]

A significant percentage of newly emerging viruses are RNA viruses. It is believed this is due to the fact that RNA viruses have a much higher nucleotide mutation rate than DNA viruses.[5]

## Habitat

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The common bent-wing bat can be found in the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cameroon, China, Croatia, possibly Ethiopia, France, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, possibly Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malaysia, Malta, Montenegro, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Vietnam, and Yemen.[citation needed]

## See also

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* Common bent-wing bat
* Murinae
* Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
* Zoonosis

## References

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1. ^ L. L. M. Poon; D. K. W. Chu; K. H. Chan; O. K. Wong; T. M. Ellis; Y. H. C. Leung; S. K. P. Lau; P. C. Y. Woo; K. Y. Suen; K. Y. Yuen; Y. Guan; J. S. M. Peiris (2005). "Identification of a Novel Coronavirus in Bats". Journal of Virology. 79 (4): 2001–2009\. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.4.2001-2009.2005. PMC 546586. PMID 15681402.2001-2009&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC546586#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/15681402&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128/JVI.79.4.2001-2009.2005&rft.au=L.+L.+M.+Poon&rft.au=D.+K.+W.+Chu&rft.au=K.+H.+Chan&rft.au=O.+K.+Wong&rft.au=T.+M.+Ellis&rft.au=Y.+H.+C.+Leung&rft.au=S.+K.+P.+Lau&rft.au=P.+C.+Y.+Woo&rft.au=K.+Y.+Suen&rft.au=K.+Y.+Yuen&rft.au=Y.+Guan&rft.au=J.+S.+M.+Peiris&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC546586&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Miniopterus+bat+coronavirus+1" class="Z3988">
2. ^ Chu DK, Poon LL, Chan KH, Chen H, Guan Y, Yuen KY, Peiris JS. Coronaviruses in bent-winged bats (Miniopterus spp.). J Gen Virol. 2006 Sep;87(Pt 9):2461-6.
3. ^ Susanna K. P. Laua, Kenneth S. M. Lid, Alan K. L. Tsangd, Chung-Tong Sheke, Ming Wangf, et al. Recent Transmission of a Novel Alphacoronavirus, Bat Coronavirus HKU10, from Leschenault's Rousettes to Pomona Leaf-Nosed Bats: First Evidence of Interspecies Transmission of Coronavirus between Bats of Different Suborders.J. Virol. November 2012 vol. 86
4. ^ Chu DK, Peiris JS, Chen H, Guan Y, Poon LL. Genomic characterizations of bat coronaviruses (1A, 1B and HKU8) and evidence for co-infections in Miniopterus bats..J Gen Virol. 2008 May;89(Pt 5):1282-7. doi 10.1099/vir.0.83605-0.
5. ^ Chu, David K.W., Peiris, J.S. Malik, and Poon, Leo, L.M. Novel Coronaviruses and Astroviruses in Bats. Virologica Sinica. April 2009, 24(2): 100-104.

## External links

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* [1] (World Health Organization, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, supplement on coronavirus)
* Tajima M (1970). "Morphology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus of pigs. A possible member of coronaviruses. Brief report". Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung. 29 (1): 105–8\. doi:10.1007/BF01253886. PMC 7086923. PMID 4195092.105-8&rft.date=1970&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086923#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/4195092&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/BF01253886&rft.au=Tajima+M&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7086923&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Miniopterus+bat+coronavirus+1" class="Z3988">
* Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Coronaviridae
* German Research Foundation (Coronavirus Consortium)

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Taxonomy of the Coronaviridae

Higher taxonomy: Riboviria > Orthornavirae > Pisuviricota > Pisoniviricetes > Nidovirales > Cornidovirineae > Coronaviridae

Orthocoronavirinae

Alphacoronavirus|

| Colacovirus|

* Bat coronavirus CDPHE15

Decacovirus|

* Bat coronavirus HKU10
* Rhinolophus ferrumequinum alphacoronavirus HuB-2013

Duvinacovirus|

* Human coronavirus 229E

Luchacovirus|

* Lucheng Rn rat coronavirus

Minacovirus|

* Mink coronavirus 1

Minunacovirus|

* Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
* Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8

Myotacovirus|

* Myotis ricketti alphacoronavirus Sax-2011

Nyctacovirus|

* Nyctalus velutinus alphacoronavirus SC-2013
* Pipistrellus kuhlii coronavirus 3398

Pedacovirus|

* Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
* Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512

Rhinacovirus|

* Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2

Setracovirus|

* Human coronavirus NL63
* NL63-related bat coronavirus strain BtKYNL63-9b

Soracovirus|

* Sorex araneus coronavirus T14

Sunacovirus|

* Suncus murinus coronavirus X74

Tegacovirus|

* Alphacoronavirus 1
* Feline coronavirus
* Canine coronavirus
* Canine coronavirus HuPn-2018
* Transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Betacoronavirus|

| Embecovirus|

* Betacoronavirus 1
* Bovine coronavirus
* Human coronavirus OC43
* China Rattus coronavirus HKU24
* Human coronavirus HKU1
* Murine coronavirus
* Rat coronavirus
* Myodes coronavirus 2JL14

Hibecovirus|

* Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013

Merbecovirus|

* Hedgehog coronavirus 1
* Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
* London1_novel CoV/2012
* MERS coronavirus EMC/2012
* Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5
* Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4

Nobecovirus|

* Eidolon bat coronavirus C704
* Rousettus bat coronavirus GCCDC1
* Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9

Sarbecovirus|

* SARS-related coronavirus
* SARS-CoV-1
* SARS-CoV-2
* Variants
* BANAL-52
* Bat SARS-like coronavirus WIV1
* RacCS203
* RaTG13
* RmYN02
* RpYN06
* SHC014-CoV

Gammacoronavirus|

| Brangacovirus|

* Goose coronavirus CB17

Cegacovirus|

* Beluga whale coronavirus SW1

Igacovirus|

* Avian coronavirus
* Avian coronavirus 9203
* Duck coronavirus 2714

Deltacoronavirus|

| Andecovirus|

* Wigeon coronavirus HKU20

Buldecovirus|

* Bulbul coronavirus HKU11
* Common moorhen coronavirus HKU21
* Coronavirus HKU15
* Munia coronavirus HKU13
* White-eye coronavirus HKU16

Herdecovirus|

* Night heron coronavirus HKU19

Letovirinae

| Alphaletovirus|

| Milecovirus|

* Microhyla letovirus 1

Source: ICTV ––  Wikispecies

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Species of genus Miniopterus

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Mammalia
* Order: Chiroptera
* Family: Miniopteridae

Fossils|

* M. approximatus
* M. fossilis
* M. rummeli
* M. tao
* M. zapfei

Eurasia and Australia|

* Little bent-wing bat (M. australis)
* Eastern bent-wing bat (M. fuliginosus)
* Southeast Asian long-fingered bat (M. fuscus)
* M. macrocneme
* Western bent-winged bat (M. magnater)
* Intermediate long-fingered bat (M. medius)
* Australasian bent-wing bat (M. orianae)
* M. pallidus
* Philippine long-fingered bat (M. paululus)
* Small bent-winged bat (M. pusillus)
* Loyalty bent-winged bat (M. robustior)
* Common bent-wing bat (M. schreibersii)
* Shortridge's long-fingered bat (M. shortridgei)
* Great bent-winged bat (M. tristis)

Mainland Africa and nearby islands|

* African long-fingered bat (M. africanus)
* Lesser long-fingered bat (M. fraterculus)
* Greater long-fingered bat (M. inflatus)
* M. maghrebensis
* M. mossambicus
* Least long-fingered bat (M. minor)
* Natal long-fingered bat (M. natalensis)
* M. newtoni

Madagascar and Comoros|

* M. aelleni
* M. ambohitrensis
* M. brachytragos
* Glen's long-fingered bat (M. gleni)
* Griffith's long-fingered bat (M. griffithsi)
* M. griveaudi
* M. mahafaliensis
* Major's long-fingered bat (M. majori)
* Manavi long-fingered bat (M. manavi)
* Peterson's long-fingered bat (M. petersoni)
* M. sororculus

Taxon identifiers

Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1|

* Wikidata: Q16985780
* Wikispecies: Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
* CoL: 43JRZ
* EoL: 11621306
* IRMNG: 11460273
* NCBI: 694000

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