Ministry of Justice (Ottoman Empire)

Imperial ministry of the Ottoman Empire

Ministry of Judicial AffairsOttoman Turkish: امورِ عدليه نظارتی
Umur-ı Adliyye Nezâreti

Agency overview
Formed| 1879
Superseding agency|

* Ministry of Judicial Affairs of the Republic of Turkey (2 May 1920)

Jurisdiction|  Ottoman Empire
Headquarters| Constantinople

The Ministry of Justice (Ottoman Turkish: عدليه نظارتی; Turkish: Adliyye Nezâreti) was the justice ministry of the Ottoman Empire, based in Constantinople (now Istanbul). It also served as the Ministry of Religions.[1]

It was established in 1879 as part of a reorganisation of the empire's legal system.[2] Non-Muslim ecclesiastical authorities relied on the ministry. The ministry took control of the commercial courts and commercial appeal courts from the Ministry of Commerce.[1]

## Organization

[edit]

By 1900, the Ministry of Justice included the following high courts:[3]

* Supreme Judicial Council (Encümen-i Adliye)
* Court of Cassation (Mahkeme-i Temyiz), with civil, criminal, and administrative sections.
* Appeals Court (Mahkeme-i Istinaf), with criminal, civil, correctional, and commercial justice sections.
* Court for the First Instance for Istanbul (Der Saadet Bidayet Mahkemesi)
* Tribunal of Commerce (Mahkeme-i Ticaret)

The ministry was responsible for administering secular Nizamiye courts, training judges, and supervizing secular legal education.[4]

## Successor

[edit]

Ministry of Justice (Turkey) currently governs affairs in Turkey.

## See also

[edit]

* Ioannis Vithynos
* Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances, its predecessor

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Young, George (1905). Corps de droit ottoman; recueil des codes, lois, règlements, ordonnances et actes les plus importants du droit intérieur, et d'études sur le droit coutumier de l'Empire ottoman (in French). Vol. 1\. Clarendon Press. p. 160. "Il est remarqué que les autorites ecclesiastiques des Communautes non-musulmanes dependent du Ministere de la justice, qui est aussi le Ministere des Cultes."
2. ^ Young, George (1905). Corps de droit ottoman; recueil des codes, lois, règlements, ordonnances et actes les plus importants du droit intérieur, et d'études sur le droit coutumier de l'Empire ottoman (in French). Vol. 1\. Clarendon Press. p. 159.
3. ^ Shaw & Shaw 1977, p. 75.
4. ^ Shaw & Shaw 1977, p. 76.

### Sources

[edit]

* Shaw, Stanford; Shaw, Ezel (1977). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29166-6.

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State organisation of the Ottoman Empire

Central system|

| House of Osman|

* Ottoman dynasty (Ottoman Caliphate)
* Seraglio
* Imperial Harem
* Enderûn
* Palace Schools

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Government|

Imperial Council (Porte)
(classical period)

* Grand Vizier
* Viziers
* Kazaskers
* Defterdars/Ministers of Finance
* Nişancı
* Reis ül-Küttab
* Dragoman of the Porte
* Birûn

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Imperial Government
(reform period)

* Cadastre Bureau
* Ministry of Evkaf
* Ministry of Finance
* Ministry of Foreign Affairs
* Ministry of the Interior
* Ministry of Justice
* Ministry of Trade and Agriculture
* Ministry of War
* Sheikh-ul-Islam

General Assembly
(constitutional period)

* Senate
* Chamber of Deputies
* (political parties)

Administrative
divisions

| Millets|

* Islam
* Sheikh ul-Islam
* Christianity
* Eastern Orthodox
* Armenian Apostolic
* Syriac Orthodox
* Coptic Orthodox
* Judaism
* Hakham Bashi

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Provincial|

* Eyalets
* Beylerbeys
* Vilayets
* Sanjaks
* Sanjakbeys
* Mutasarrifates
* Kazas/Kadiluks
* Vassal and tributary states
* Rayas

Authority control databases |

* İslâm Ansiklopedisi

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