Misandry

Prejudice against, or hatred of, men

Part of a series on

Discrimination

Forms

* Institutional
* Reverse
* Structural
* Statistical
* Systemic
* Taste-based

Attributes

* Age
* Caste
* Class
* Disability
* Economic
* Genetic
* Hair texture
* Height
* Language
* Dialect
* Looks
* Mental disorder
* Nationality or citizenship
* Race / Ethnicity
* Reverse
* Skin color
* Scientific racism
* Rank
* Sex
* Reverse
* Sexual orientation
* Species
* Size
* Viewpoint

Social

* Arophobia
* Anti-albinism
* Acephobia
* Adultism
* Anti-altruistic
* Anti-autism
* Anti-homelessness
* Anti-drug addicts
* Anti-intellectualism
* Anti-intersex
* Anti-left handedness
* Anti-Masonry
* Aporophobia
* Audism
* Biphobia
* Fear of children
* Clannism
* Elitism
* Ephebiphobia
* Health
* mental
* in poverty
* Fatphobia
* Gayphobia
* Gerontophobia
* Heterosexism
* HIV/AIDS stigma
* Hypergamy
* Homophobia
* In-group
* Leprosy stigma
* Lesbophobia
* Against men
* Misandry
* Misogyny
* Misogynoir
* Nepotism
* Outgroup
* Perpetual foreigner
* Pregnancy
* Sectarianism
* Supremacism
* Aryanism
* Black
* Hutu
* Chauvinism
* Han
* Female
* Human
* Nordicism
* Male
* Ultranationalism
* White
* Transphobia
* Non-binary
* Transmisogyny
* Trans men
* Vegaphobia
* Xenophobia

Religious

* Religious exemption
* Persecution of non-believers
* Atheism
* Blasphemy law
* Religious censorship
* In Islam
* Apostasy
* Religious police
* Jizya
* Religious persecution
* In China
* Exclusivism
* Baháʼí Faith
* Buddhism
* Christianity
* Persecution
* Catholicism
* Eastern Orthodoxy
* Coptic Christianity
* Jehovah's Witnesses
* LDS or Mormon
* Protestantism
* Tewahedo Orthodoxy
* post–Cold War era
* Falun Gong
* Hinduism
* Persecution
* Untouchability
* Islam
* Persecution
* Ahmadiyya
* Shi'ism
* Sufism
* Sunnism
* minority Muslim
* Judaism
* Persecution
* Neopaganism
* Rastafari
* Serers
* Sikhism
* Yazidism
* Zoroastrianism

Race or ethnicity

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Hazara
* African
* Fulani
* Igbo
* Serers
* Albanian
* Arab
* Armenian
* Asian
* France
* South Africa
* United States
* Assyrian
* Australian
* Austrian
* Azerbaijani
* Black people
* African Americans
* China
* South Africa
* Bengali
* Catalan
* Chechen
* Chinese
* Han people
* Colombian
* Croat
* Dutch
* English
* Estonian
* Filipino
* French
* Finnish
* Georgian
* German
* Greek
* Haitian
* Hazara
* Hungarian
* Indian
* Indonesian
* Indigenous people
* Australia
* Canada
* United States
* Iranian
* Irish
* Italian
* Japanese
* Jewish
* Eliminationist
* New
* Religious
* Anti-Yiddish
* Zionist
* Korean
* Kurdish
* Lithuanian
* Malay
* Māori
* Mexican
* Middle Eastern
* Mongolian
* Montenegrin
* Nigerian
* Pakistani
* Palestinians
* Pashtun
* Polish
* Portuguese
* Quebec
* Romani
* Romanian
* Russian
* Scottish
* Serb
* Slavic
* Somali
* Spanish
* Taiwanese
* Tatar
* Thai
* Tibetan
* Turkish
* Ukrainian
* Uyghur
* Venezuelan
* Vietnamese
* Welsh
* White people

Manifestations

* Algorithmic bias
* Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
* SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
* Blood libel
* Bullying
* Cancel culture
* Capital punishment for homosexuality
* Carnism
* Cognitive
* Compulsory sterilization
* Corrective rape
* Counter-jihad
* Cultural genocide
* Defamation
* Democide
* Dog whistle
* Domicide
* Economic
* Education
* Academic
* In curricula
* Sexism
* Eliminationism
* Eliminationist antisemitism
* Employment
* Enemy of the people
* Environmental racism
* Ethnic cleansing
* Ethnic conflict
* Ethnic hatred
* Ethnic joke
* Ethnocide
* Excellence
* Gender-based dress codes
* Cosmetics policy
* High heel policy
* Forced conversion
* Freak show
* Funding
* Gay bashing
* Gendercide
* Transgender genocide
* Genital modification and mutilation
* Circumcision
* Female genital mutilation
* Intersex medical interventions
* Genocide
* examples
* Glass ceiling
* Hate crime
* Disability hate crime
* Violence against LGBTQ people
* Violence against transgender people
* Hate group
* Hate speech
* Institutional
* Abuse
* Discrimination
* Racism
* Homeless dumping
* Housing
* Hypergamy
* Age disparity
* Indian rolling
* International inequality
* Kill Haole Day
* Lavender scare
* LGBTQ+
* grooming conspiracy theory
* Linguicide
* Lynching
* Media
* Minority stress
* Moral exclusion
* Mortgage
* Murder music
* Native American mascots
* Braves
* Blackhawks
* Chiefs
* Occupational
* Apartheid
* Inequality
* Injustice
* Segregation
* Opposition to immigration
* Paper genocide
* Persecution
* Pogrom
* Political
* Political repression
* Ideological repression
* Purge
* Racialization
* Religious persecution
* Religious terrorism
* Religious violence
* Religious war
* Scapegoating
* Selective enforcement
* Selective prosecution
* Sentencing disparity
* Sexual harassment
* Sex-selective abortion
* Slut-shaming
* Structural abuse
* Structural discrimination
* Structural evil
* Structural inequality
* Structural violence
* Suicide
* Untermensch
* Trans bashing
* Victimisation
* Violence against women
* White flight
* White genocide conspiracy theory
* Wife selling
* Witch hunt

Policies

* Algorithmic wage discrimination
* Age of candidacy
* Apartheid
* in South Africa
* in Israel
* Blood purity
* Blood quantum
* Breadwinner model
* Conscription and sexism
* Disabilities
* Catholic
* Jewish
* Disparate impact
* Fagging
* Gender pay gap
* Gender roles
* Protecting Women's Private Spaces Act
* Gerontocracy
* Gerrymandering
* Ghetto benches
* Internment
* Jewish quota
* Opposition to LGBTQ rights
* MSM blood donation restrictions
* No kid zone
* Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota)
* One-drop rule
* Racial quota
* Racial steering
* Redlining
* Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
* Segregation
* age
* racial
* Jim Crow laws
* Nuremberg Laws
* Segregation academy
* religious
* sexual
* in Islam
* Social exclusion
* Sodomy law
* State atheism
* State religion
* Ugly law
* Voter suppression
* White Australia policy

Countermeasures

* Affirmative action
* Anti-discrimination law
* Anti-racism
* Audit study
* Autism rights movement
* Blind audition
* Constitutional colorblindness
* Cross-sex friendship
* Cultural assimilation
* Cultural pluralism
* Diversity, equity, and inclusion
* Diversity training
* Empowerment
* Fat acceptance movement
* Feminism
* Fighting Discrimination
* Golden Rule
* Hate speech laws by country
* Human rights
* Intersex human rights
* Korenizatsiia
* LGBTQ rights
* Music in the movement against apartheid
* Nonviolence
* Racial integration
* Reappropriation
* Rock Against Sexism
* Self-determination
* Social integration
* Toleration
* Transgender rights movement
* Universal suffrage
* Women's rights

Related topics

* Allophilia
* Alterity
* Amatonormativity
* Bias
* Cisnormativity
* Civil liberties
* Criminalization of homosexuality
* Dehumanization
* Diseases of despair
* Diversity
* Multiculturalism
* Neurodiversity
* Ethnic penalty
* Figleaf
* Gender-blind
* Heteronormativity
* Historical eugenics
* Internalized oppression
* Intersectionality
* Mad pride
* Masculism
* Medical model of disability
* autism
* Oikophobia
* Oppression
* Police brutality
* Respect
* Polyculturalism
* Power distance
* Prejudice
* Prisoner abuse
* Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
* Racism by country
* Racial color blindness
* Religious intolerance
* Second-generation gender bias
* Snobbery
* Social equity
* Social exclusion
* Social identity threat
* Social model of disability
* Social privilege
* Christian
* male
* white
* Social stigma
* Speciesism
* Stereotype
* threat
* The talk

* v
* t
* e

Part of a series on

Masculism

Movements

* Fathers' rights movement
* Intactivism
* HimToo movement
* Men's movement
* Mythopoetic men's movement
* Men's liberation movement
* Men's rights movement

Topics and issues

|  Topics

* Sex differences in humans
* Human male sexuality
* Gender equality

* Misandry
* Hegemonic masculinity

* Effeminacy
* Gender roles
* Machismo

* Gender neutrality

* Men in feminism

* (Pro-feminism
* Anti-feminism)

Issues

* Discrimination against men
* Violence against men
* Male expendability

* Circumcision controversies

* (Genital mutilation
* Forced circumcision)

* Rape

* (Prison rape
* False accusation of rape
* Rape of males)

* Domestic violence (against men)
* Violence against LGBT people

* (Homophobia
* Gayphobia
* Gay bashing
* Transphobia)

* Conscription

* Reproductive rights
* Paternal rights and abortion
* No-fault divorce
* Sperm theft

* Reverse sexism
* Toxic masculinity

By country

|  Men's rights

* India

Fathers' rights

* Australia
* Italy
* United Kingdom
* United States

Lists and categories

* Index of masculism topics
* Masculism
* Masculists
* Men's movement
* Men's organizations

See also

* International Men's Day
* Minister for Men
* Movember
* Men's studies

* v
* t
* e

Not to be confused with Misanthropy.

Misandry (/mɪsˈændri/) is the hatred of or prejudice against men or boys.[1][2]

Men's rights activists (MRAs) and other masculinist groups have characterized modern laws concerning divorce, domestic violence, conscription, circumcision (known as male genital mutilation by opponents), and treatment of male rape victims as examples of institutional misandry. However, in virtually all societies, misandry lacks institutional and systemic support comparable to misogyny, the hatred of women.[3][4][5]

In the Internet Age, users posting on manosphere internet forums such as 4chan and subreddits addressing men's rights activism have claimed that misandry is widespread, established in preferential treatment of women, and shown by discrimination against men.[4][6]

MRAs have been criticised for promoting a false equivalence between misandry and misogyny,[7]: 132 [8][9] as part of an antifeminist backlash.[8][10][11][12][13] The false idea that misandry is commonplace among feminists is so widespread that it has been called the "misandry myth" by 40 topic experts.[14]

## Etymology and usage

[edit]

"Misandry" is formed from the Greek misos (μῖσος 'hatred') and anēr, andros (ἀνήρ, gen. ἀνδρός 'man').[15] A "misandrist" is a person who hates men.[16] "Misandrous" or "misandrist" can also be used as adjectives.[17] Use of "misandrist" can be found as far back as an 1871 article in The Spectator magazine.[18][non-primary source needed]

Translation of the French misandrie to the German Männerhass (Hatred of Men) is recorded in 1803.[19][non-primary source needed]

## History

[edit]

The term misandry originated in the late 19th century. According to information policy scholars Alice Marwick and Robyn Caplan, the term was used as a synonym for feminism from its inception, drawing an equivalence between misandry ('man-hating') and misogyny ('woman-hating').[12][20] Newspapers in the 1890s occasionally referred to feminist "new women" as "man haters", and a 1928 article in Harper's Monthly said that misandry "distorts the more querulous of [modern] feminist arguments."[21] The term re-emerged in men's rights literature and academic literature on structural sexism in the 1980s. It was in use on Usenet since at least 1989, and on websites and blogs dedicated to men's rights issues in the late 1990s and early 2000s.[22]

Anthropologist David D. Gilmore coined the term "viriphobia" in 1997, when the term "misandry" was little used and there was no commonly accepted term for hatred of men.[3][independent source needed] He writes that such terms as "misandry" typically refer not to hatred of men as men, but to hatred of machismo or men's traditional gender role. He argues that misandry is therefore not equivalent to misogyny, which "targets women no matter what they believe or do".[3] Gilmore says that hatred of men as men is extremely rare in historical records, in sharp contrast to misogyny,[3][23] which he argues is a "near-universal phenomenon".[24]

Marwick and Caplan argue that usage of the term misandry in the internet age is an outgrowth of misogyny and antifeminism.[8][further explanation needed] The term is commonly used in the manosphere, such as on men's rights discussion forums on websites such as 4chan and Reddit, to counter feminist accusations of misogyny.[9][6][25] The critique and parody of the concept of misandry by feminist bloggers has been reported on in periodicals such as The Guardian, Slate and Time.[26]

### Use by the men's rights movement

[edit]

Men's rights activists (MRAs) invoke the idea of misandry in warning against what they see as the advance of a female-dominated society.[27] The idea of feminism as threatening towards men, encapsulated in the term misandry, forms a core part of the vocabulary of the manosphere[28] and is used within the men's rights movement (MRM) to counter feminist accusations of misogyny.[25] The idea of feminism as a misandrist movement has been cited as justification for harassment of people espousing feminist ideas, one example being the Gamergate harassment campaign against women in the video games industry.[29] MRAs and other masculinist groups have criticized modern laws concerning divorce, domestic violence, the draft, circumcision (known as genital mutilation by opponents), and treatment of male rape victims as examples of institutional misandry.[4] Other proposed examples include social problems that lead to men's shorter lifespans, higher suicide rates, requirements to participate in military drafts, and lack of tax benefits afforded to widowers compared to widows.[4][30]

Marc A. Ouellette argues in International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities that "misandry lacks the systemic, transhistoric, institutionalized, and legislated antipathy of misogyny"; in his view, assuming a parallel between misogyny and misandry overly simplifies relations of gender and power.[4]

Marwick and Caplan have examined the use of the term misandry within the manosphere as a weapon against feminist language and ideas.[12] They characterize men's rights activists' use of the term—as a gender-reversed counterpart to misogyny—as an appropriation of leftist identity politics.[31] Marwick and Caplan also argue that coverage of the discourse of misandry by mainstream journalists serves to reinforce the MRM's framing of feminist activism as oppressive toward men, along with its denial of institutionalized sexism against women.[32]

## Racialization

[edit]

Further information: Gendered racism

Misandry can be racialized.[4] According to some researchers in Black male studies such as Tommy J. Curry, Black men and boys face anti-Black misandry.[33][34][35][36] E. C. Krell, a gender researcher, uses the term racialized transmisandry describing the experience of Black transmasculine people.[37][38]

## Research

[edit]

This section needs additional citations to secondary or tertiary sources. Help add sources such as review articles, monographs, or textbooks. Please also establish the relevance for any primary research articles cited. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

### "Ambivalence toward Men Inventory"

[edit]

Glick and Fiske developed psychometric constructs to measure the attitudes of individuals towards men in their Ambivalence toward Men Inventory, AMI, which includes a factor Hostility toward Men. These metrics were based on a small group discussion with women which identified factors, these number of questions were then reduced using statistical methods. Hostility toward Men was split into three factors: Resentment of Paternalism, the belief men supported male power; Compensatory Gender Differentiation, the belief that men were supported by women; and Heterosexual Hostility, which looked at beliefs that men were likely to engage in hostile actions.[39] The combined construct, Hostility toward Men, was found to be inversely correlated with measures of gender equality when comparing difference countries[40] and in a study with university students, self-describing feminists were found to have a lower score.[41]

### Criminal justice system

[edit]

In the United States, men tend to receive longer sentences than women for committing the same crimes, although the disparity is more pronounced for minor offenses, and is also dependent on the race of the perpetrator.[42] Criminologist Nathan A. Kruis of Pennsylvania State University and colleagues write that a body of research suggests the presence of "potential institutional misandry" in the U.S. criminal justice system.[42]

## In literature

[edit]

### Ancient Greek literature

[edit]

Classicist Froma Zeitlin writes:

> The most significant point of contact, however, between Eteocles and the suppliant Danaids is, in fact, their extreme positions with regard to the opposite sex: the misogyny of Eteocles' outburst against all women of whatever variety has its counterpart in the seeming misandry of the Danaids, who although opposed to their Egyptian cousins in particular (marriage with them is incestuous, they are violent men) often extend their objections to include the race of males as a whole and view their cause as a passionate contest between the sexes.[43]

### Shakespeare

[edit]

Literary critic Harold Bloom argued that even though the word misandry is relatively unheard of in literature, it is not hard to find implicit, even explicit, misandry. In reference to the works of Shakespeare, Bloom argued:[44]

> I cannot think of one instance of misogyny whereas I would argue that misandry is a strong element. Shakespeare makes perfectly clear that women in general have to marry down and that men are narcissistic and not to be trusted and so forth. On the whole, he gives us a darker vision of human males than human females.

### Modern literature

[edit]

Sociologist Anthony Synnott argues that there is a tendency in literature to represent men as villains and women as victims and argues that there is a market for "anti-male" novels with no corresponding "anti-female" market, citing The Women's Room, by Marilyn French, and The Color Purple, by Alice Walker. He gives examples of comparisons of men to Nazi prison guards as a common theme in literature.[45]: 156

Racialized misandry occurs in both "high" and "low" culture and literature. For instance, African-American men have often been disparagingly portrayed as either infantile or as eroticized and hyper-masculine, depending on prevailing cultural stereotypes.[4]

Julie M. Thompson, a feminist author, connects misandry with envy of men, in particular "penis envy", a term coined by Sigmund Freud in 1908, in his theory of female sexual development.[46] Nancy Kang has discussed "the misandric impulse" in relation to the works of Toni Morrison.[47]

In his book, Gender and Judaism: The Transformation of Tradition, Harry Brod, a Professor of Philosophy and Humanities in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at the University of Northern Iowa, writes:[48]

> In the introduction to The Great Comic Book Heroes, Jules Feiffer writes that this is Superman's joke on the rest of us. Clark is Superman's vision of what other men are really like. We are scared, incompetent, and powerless, particularly around women. Though Feiffer took the joke good-naturedly, a more cynical response would see here the Kryptonian's misanthropy, his misandry embodied in Clark and his misogyny in his wish that Lois be enamored of Clark (much like Oberon takes out hostility toward Titania by having her fall in love with an ass in Shakespeare's Midsummer-Night's Dream).

In 2020, the explicitly misandric essay Moi les hommes, je les déteste (I Hate Men) by the French writer Pauline Harmange caused controversy in France after a government official threatened its publisher with criminal prosecution.[49]

## In feminism

[edit]

See also: Femosphere

Entrepreneurs on Etsy sold embroidery parodying the concept of misandry.[50]

Opponents of feminism often argue that feminism is misandrist; citing examples such as opposition to shared parenting by NOW, or opposition to equal rape and domestic violence laws. The validity of these perceptions and of the concept has been claimed[by whom?] as promoting a false equivalence between misandry and misogyny.[7] Radical feminism has often been associated with misandry in the public consciousness. However, radical feminist arguments have also been misinterpreted, and individual radical feminists such as Valerie Solanas, best known for her attempted assassination of artist Andy Warhol in 1968, have historically had a higher profile in popular culture than within feminist scholarship.[51][52][failed verification]

Historian Alice Echols argues that the misandry displayed by Solanas in her tract the SCUM Manifesto was not typical for radical feminists of the time: "Solanas's unabashed misandry—especially her belief in men's biological inferiority—her endorsement of relationships between 'independent women,' and her dismissal of sex as 'the refuge of the mindless' contravened the sort of radical feminism which prevailed in most women's groups across the country."[53] Radical feminist Andrea Dworkin criticized what she called a biological determinist strand that she found "with increasing frequency in feminist circles"; according to Dworkin, this included the view that males are biologically inferior to women and violent by nature, requiring a gendercide to allow for the emergence of a "new Übermensch Womon".[54][non-primary source needed]

Melinda Kanner and Kristin J. Anderson argue that "man-hater feminist" represents the popular antifeminist myth which has no any scientific evidences, and it's rather the antifeminists who perhaps hate men.[55][further explanation needed]

Feminist author bell hooks writes that the contemporary feminist movement was from its beginnings portrayed in the mass media as man-hating, even though anti-male factions were a small minority of women's liberation advocates.[56][57] Hooks argues that liberal feminists' demonization of men as all-powerful misogynist oppressors was a product of bourgeois white women's envy of the privileges held by upper-class white men, and that such anti-male sentiments "alienated many poor and working class women, particularly non-white women" from the movement.[58] She writes that anti-male factions received outsized attention from the mass media, leading the men's movement to take an anti-female stance which "mirrored the most negative aspects" of the women's movement.[57]

Sociologist Anthony Synnott argues that certain forms of feminism present misandristic view of gender. He argues that men are presented as having power over others regardless of the actual power they possess[45]: 161  and that some feminists define the experience of being male inaccurately through writing on masculinity. He further argues that some forms of feminism create an in-group of women, simplifies the nuances of gender issues, demonizes those who are not feminists and legitimizes victimization by way of retributive justice.[45]: 162  Reviewing Synnott, Roman Kuhar argues that Synnott might not accurately represent the views of feminism, commenting that "whether it re-thinks men in a manner in which men have not been thought of in feminist theory, is another question."[59]

Sociologist Allan G. Johnson argues in The Gender Knot: Unraveling our Patriarchal Legacy that accusations of man-hating have been used to put down feminists and to shift attention onto men, reinforcing a male-centered culture.[60] Johnson posits that culture offers no comparable anti-male ideology to misogyny and that "people often confuse men as individuals with men as a dominant and privileged category of people. Given the reality of women's oppression, male privilege, and men's enforcement of both, it's hardly surprising that every woman should have moments where she resents or even hates 'men.'"[60] [emphasis in original]

A meta-analysis in 2023 published in the journal Psychology of Women Quarterly investigated the stereotype of feminists' attitudes to men and concluded that feminist views of men were no different than that of non-feminists or men towards men, and termed the phenomenon the misandry myth: "We term the focal stereotype the misandry myth in light of the evidence that it is false and widespread, and discuss its implications for the movement." They also noted that "there is little doubt, of course, that some feminists are misandrists, just as some nonfeminists are also likely to harbor negative attitudes toward men."[14]

## See also

[edit]

* Airline seating sex discrimination controversy
* Androcide
* Are All Men Pedophiles?
* Bachelor tax
* Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! controversy
* Circumcision controversies
* Female chauvinism
* Gynocentrism
* Male expendability
* Men's studies
* Reverse sexism
* Separatist feminism
* Straw feminism
* TERF
* Testosterone poisoning

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "misandry". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OED/5787175758. Retrieved 6 May 2025. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.) Earliest recorded use: 1885. "No man whom she cared for had ever proposed to marry her. She could not account for it, and it was a growing source of bitterness, of misogyny as well as misandry." Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine September 289/1.
2. ^ "Misandry" Archived 19 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine at Merriam-Webster online ("First Known Use: circa 1909")
3. ^ a b c d Gilmore, David G. (2001). Misogyny: The Male Malady. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 12–13\. ISBN 978-0-8122-0032-4.
4. ^ a b c d e f g Ouellette, Marc (2007). "Misandry". In Flood, Michael; et al. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities. New York: Routledge. pp. 442–443\. doi:10.4324/9780203413067. ISBN 978-1-1343-1707-3.
5. ^ Ferguson, Frances; Bloch, R. Howard (1989). Misogyny, Misandry, and Misanthropy. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 7\. ISBN 978-0-520-06546-8.
6. ^ a b Riggio, Heidi R. (2020). "Current Issues and Social Problems". Sex and Gender: A Biopsychological Approach. New York: Routledge. p. 432\. doi:10.4324/9781003041870-13. ISBN 978-1-000-06630-2. "[Anti-feminist movements] portray feminism as stemming from a hatred of men and involve a rejection of the idea that sexism exists"
7. ^ a b Kimmel, Michael S. (5 November 2013). Angry white men : American masculinity at the end of an era. New York: Nation Books. ISBN 978-1-56858-696-0. OCLC 852681950.
8. ^ a b c Marwick, Alice E.; Caplan, Robyn (2018). "Drinking male tears: language, the manosphere, and networked harassment". Feminist Media Studies. 18 (4) (Online Misogyny ed.): 553–554\. doi:10.1080/14680777.2018.1450568. ISSN 1471-5902. S2CID 149246142.
9. ^ a b Ging, Debbie; Siapera, Eugenia (July 2018). "Special issue on online misogyny: Introduction" (PDF). Feminist Media Studies. 18: 515–524\. doi:10.1080/14680777.2018.1447345. ISSN 1471-5902. S2CID 149613969. Retrieved 21 January 2023 – via Dublin City University.
10. ^ Barker, Kim; Jurasz, Olga (2018). Online Misogyny as Hate Crime: A Challenge for Legal Regulation?. New York: Routledge. p. 4\. doi:10.4324/9780429956805. ISBN 978-1-138-59037-3.
11. ^ Berger, Michele Tracy; Radeloff, Cheryl (2014). Transforming Scholarship: Why Women's and Gender Studies Students Are Changing Themselves and the World (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. pp. 128–129\. doi:10.4324/9780203458228. ISBN 978-1-135-04519-7.
12. ^ a b c Sugiura, Lisa (2021). "Legitimising Misogyny". The Incel Rebellion: The Rise of the Manosphere and the Virtual War Against Women. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited. pp. 102–103\. doi:10.1108/978-1-83982-254-420211008. ISBN 978-1-83982-254-4.
13. ^ Lumsden, Karen (2019). "'I Want to Kill You in Front of Your Children' Is Not a Threat. It's an Expression of Desire': Discourses of Online Abuse, Trolling and Violence on r/MensRights". In Karen Lumsden; Emily Hamer (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Palgrave Studies in Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 91–120\. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12633-9_4. ISBN 978-3-030-12633-9.
14. ^ a b Hopkins-Doyle, A.; Petterson, A. L.; Leach, S.; et al. (2023). "The Misandry Myth: An Inaccurate Stereotype About Feminists' Attitudes Toward Men". Psychology of Women Quarterly. 48 (1): 8–37\. doi:10.1177/03616843231202708. ISSN 1471-6402.
15. ^ "Definition of misandry in English". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013.
16. ^ Riggio (2020), p. 446: "Misandry: hatred of men. A misandrist is a person who hates men. Anti-feminist groups often claim that feminism stems from misandry."
17. ^ "misandry". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
18. ^ "Blanche Seymour". The Spectator (book review). Vol. 44, no. 2231\. 1 April 1871. pp. 388–389\. ISSN 0038-6952. Retrieved 9 April 2025 – via Google Books. "We cannot, indeed, term her an absolute misandrist, as she fully admits the possibility, in most cases at least, of the reclamation of men from their naturally vicious and selfish state, though at the cost of so much trouble and vexation of spirit to women, that it is not quite clear whether she does not regard their existence as at best a mitigated evil."
19. ^ Krünitz, Johann Georg (1803). "Männerhass". Oekonomische Encyklopädie oder allgemeines System der Staats-, Stadt-, Haus- u. Landwirthschaft: in alphabetischer Ordnung. Von Lebens-Art bis Ledecz: Nebst einer einzigen Fig. Friedrich's des Einzigen, u. 3 Karten [Economic Encyclopedia or General System of State, City, Domestic, and Agriculture: in alphabetical order. From Lifestyle to Ledecz: With a single illustration of Frederick the Great and three maps] (in German). Vol. 90\. Pauli. p. 461.
20. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 548.
21. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), pp. 548–549.
22. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), pp. 549, 551.
23. ^ Diski, Jenny (6 September 2001). "Oh, Andrea Dworkin". London Review of Books. Vol. 23, no. 17\. Archived from the original on 30 March 2025. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
24. ^ Gilmore (2001), p. 8.
25. ^ a b Hodapp, Christa (2017). Men's Rights, Gender, and Social Media. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. pp. 4–5\. ISBN 978-1-4985-2617-3.
26. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 553.
27. ^

* Masequesmay, Gina (2008). "Sexism". In O′Brien, Jodi (ed.). Encyclopedia of Gender and Society, Volume 2. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications. p. 750\. ISBN 978-1-4522-6602-2. "Proponents for men's rights even conjure the notion of misandry or hatred of men as they fear a new world order or a return to matriarchy, a female-dominated society."
* Masequesmay, Gina (11 June 2014). "Sexism | Sexism and the men's movement". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.

28. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 544.
29. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), pp. 544, 547.
30. ^ Schmitz, Rachel; Kazyak, Emily (2016). "Masculinities in Cyberspace: An Analysis of Portrayals of Manhood in Men's Rights Activist Websites". Social Sciences. 5 (2): 18. doi:10.3390/socsci5020018. ISSN 2076-0760.
31. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 550.
32. ^ Marwick & Caplan (2018), p. 554.
33. ^ Bryan, Nathaniel (2021). "Remembering Tamir Rice and Other Black Boy Victims: Imagining Black PlayCrit Literacies Inside and Outside Urban Literacy Education". Urban Education. 56 (5): 744–771\. doi:10.1177/0042085920902250. ISSN 0042-0859.
34. ^ Curry, Tommy J. (2018). "Killing Boogeymen: Phallicism and the Misandric Mischaracterizations of Black Males in Theory". Res Philosophica. 95 (2): 235–272\. doi:10.11612/resphil.1612. ISSN 2168-9105.
35. ^ Curry, Tommy J.; Curry, Gwenetta D. (2018). "Taking It to the People: Translating Empirical Findings About Black Men and Black Families Through a Black Public Philosophy" (PDF). Dewey Studies. 2 (1): 42–71\. ISSN 2572-4649 – via ResearchGate.
36. ^ Johnson, T. Hasan (2022). "Is Anti-Black Misandry the New Racism?". Journal of Black Sexuality and Relationships. 8 (4): 77–107\. doi:10.1353/bsr.2022.0006. ISSN 2376-7510.
37. ^ Krell, Elías Cosenza (2017). "Is Transmisogyny Killing Trans Women of Color?". TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly. 4 (2): 226–242\. doi:10.1215/23289252-3815033. ISSN 2328-9252.
38. ^ Martino, Wayne; Omercajic, Kenan (2021). "A trans pedagogy of refusal : interrogating cisgenderism, the limits of antinormativity and trans necropolitics". Pedagogy, Culture & Society. 29 (5): 679–694\. doi:10.1080/14681366.2021.1912155. ISSN 1468-1366.
39. ^ Glick, Peter; Fiske, Susan T. (2016). "The Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory: Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Beliefs About Men". Psychology of Women Quarterly. 23: 519–536\. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00379.x. ISSN 1471-6402. S2CID 145242896.
40. ^ Glick, P; et al. (2004). "Bad but Bold: Ambivalent Attitudes Toward Men Predict Gender Inequality in 16 Nations". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (5): 713–728\. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.5.713. hdl:11511/38073. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 15161396.
41. ^ Anderson, Kristin J.; Kanner, Melinda; Elsayegh, Nisreen (2009). "Are Feminists man Haters? Feminists' and Nonfeminists' Attitudes Toward Men". Psychology of Women Quarterly. 33 (2): 216–224\. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2009.01491.x. ISSN 1471-6402. S2CID 144704304.
42. ^ a b Kruis, Nathan A.; Ménard, Kim S.; Rowland, Nicholas J.; Griffith, Rae (2024). "Examining Sex- and Sexuality-Based Bias in Punitive Attitudes Toward Offenders Convicted of Intimate Partner Crimes: A Vignette Experiment". Crime & Delinquency. 70 (13–14): 3532–3557\. doi:10.1177/00111287241258690. ISSN 1552-387X.13–14&rft.pages=3532-3557&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/00111287241258690&rft.issn=1552-387X&rft.aulast=Kruis&rft.aufirst=Nathan+A.&rft.au=Ménard,+Kim+S.&rft.au=Rowland,+Nicholas+J.&rft.au=Griffith,+Rae&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00111287241258690&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Misandry" class="Z3988">
43. ^ Zeitlin, Froma I. (1990). "Patterns of Gender in Aeschylean Drama: Seven against Thebes and the Danaid Trilogy" (PDF). In Griffith, Mark; Mastronarde, Donald J. (eds.). Cabinet of the Muses: Essays on Classical and Comparative Literature in Honor of Thomas G. Rosenmeyer. Atlanta: Scholars Press. ISBN 978-1-55540-408-6.
44. ^ Brockman, Elin Schoen (25 July 1999). "In the Battle Of the Sexes, This Word Is a Weapon". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 30 January 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
45. ^ a b c Synnott, Anthony (2016). Re-Thinking Men: Heroes, Villains and Victims. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315606132. ISBN 978-1-317-06393-3.
46. ^ Emphasis added. Thompson, Julie M. (2002). Mommy Queerest: Contemporary Rhetorics of Lesbian Maternal Identity. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 978-1-55849-355-1.
47. ^ Kang, N. (2003). "To Love and Be Loved: Considering Black Masculinity and the Misandric Impulse in Toni Morrison's 'Beloved'". Callaloo. 26 (3): 836–854\. doi:10.1353/cal.2003.0092. ISSN 1080-6512. JSTOR 3300729. S2CID 143786756.
48. ^ Brod, Harry (1995). "19. Of Mice and Supermen: Images of Jewish Masculinity". In Rudavsky, Tamar (ed.). Gender and Judaism: The Transformation of Tradition. New York University Press. pp. 279–294\. ISBN 978-0-8147-7453-3.
49. ^ Flood, Alison (8 September 2020). "French book I Hate Men sees sales boom after government adviser calls for ban". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 3 August 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
50. ^ Hess, Amanda (8 August 2014). "The Rise of the Ironic Man-Hater". Slate. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
51. ^ Pilcher, Jane; Whelehan, Imelda (2004). 50 Key Concepts in Gender Studies. London: SAGE Publications. p. 67\. ISBN 978-1-4129-3207-3.
52. ^ Payton, Joanne (2012). "Book Review: Anthony Synnott Re-thinking Men: Heroes, Villains and Victims". Sociology. 46 (4): 767–8\. doi:10.1177/0038038512444951. ISSN 0038-0385. S2CID 146967261.
53. ^ Echols, Alice (1989). Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967–1975. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 104–105\. ISBN 978-0-8166-1786-9.
54. ^ Dworkin, Andrea (Summer 1978). "Biological Superiority: The World's Most Dangerous and Deadly Idea" (PDF). Heresies: A Feminist Publication on Art and Politics. 2 (6): 46. ISSN 0146-3411.
55. ^ Kanner, Melinda; Anderson, Kristin J. (2010). "The Myth of the Man-Hating Feminist". In Paludi, Michele A. (ed.). Feminism and Women's Rights Worldwide, Volume 1: Heritage, Roles, and Issues. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger. pp. 1–25\. ISBN 978-0-313-37597-2.
56. ^ hooks, bell (2005). The Will To Change: Men, Masculinity and Love. New York: Washington Square Press. pp. 108–109\. ISBN 978-0-7434-5608-1.
57. ^ a b hooks, bell (2000). Feminism is for Everybody: Passionate Politics. Cambridge, Mass.: South End Press. p. 69\. ISBN 978-0-89608-629-6.
58. ^ hooks, bell (1984). Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center. Boston: South End Press. pp. 67–68\. ISBN 978-0-89608-222-9.
59. ^ Kuhar, Roman (2011). "Re-Thinking Men: Heroes, Villains and Victims". Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews. 40 (1): 95–97\. doi:10.1177/0094306110391764ccc. ISSN 0094-3061. S2CID 144037921.
60. ^ a b Johnson, Alan G. (2005). The Gender Knot: Unraveling Our Patriarchal Legacy (revised 2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 107\. ISBN 978-1-59213-384-0.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Bailée, Susan; Sommers, Christina Hoff (2001). "Misandry in the Classroom". The Hudson Review. 54 (1): 148–54\. doi:10.2307/3852834. ISSN 2325-5935. JSTOR 3852834.
* Baumeister, Roy F. (2010). Is There Anything Good About Men? How Cultures Flourish By Exploiting Men. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-537410-0.
* Benatar, David (2012). The Second Sexism: Discrimination Against Men and Boys. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-470-67446-8.
* Gibbons, Fiachra (14 August 2001). "Lay off men, Lessing tells feminists". The Guardian.
* Leader, Richard (2007). "Misandry: From the Dictionary of Fools". Adonis Mirror.
* Levine, Judith (1992). My Enemy, My Love: Man-hating and Ambivalence in Women's Lives (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-41079-3.
* MacNamara, J.R. (2006). Media and Male Identity: The Making and Remaking of Men. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1057/9780230625679. ISBN 978-0-230-62567-9.
* Nathanson, Paul; Young, Katherine K. (2009). "Coming of Age As a Villain: What Every Boy Needs to Know in A Misandric World". Thymos: Journal of Boyhood Studies. 3 (2): 155–177\. doi:10.3149/thy.0301.155. ISSN 1872-4329.
* Nathanson, Paul; Young, Katherine K. (2012). "Misandry and Emptiness: Masculine Identity in a Toxic Cultural Environment" (PDF). New Male Studies. 1 (1): 4–18\. ISSN 1839-7816.
* Perlman, Merrill (23 September 2013). "Sex-isms: Gender politics and their words". Columbia Journalism Review.
* Rosenblum, Darren (2010). "Beyond Victimisation and Misandry". International Journal of Law in Context. 6 (1): 114–6\. doi:10.1017/S1744552309990383. ISSN 1744-5531. S2CID 143835898.
* Schwartz, Howard (2003). The Revolt of the Primitive: An Inquiry into the Roots of Political Correctness (Revised ed.). New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. doi:10.4324/9781315134574. ISBN 978-0-7658-0537-9.
* Smith, William A.; Yosso, Tara J.; Solorzano, Daniel G. (2007). "Racial Primes and Black Misandry on Historically White Campuses: Toward Critical Race Accountability in Educational Administration". Educational Administration Quarterly. 43 (5): 559–585\. doi:10.1177/0013161X07307793. ISSN 1552-3519. S2CID 145753160.
* Vilar, Esther (1972). The Manipulated Man. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-20202-6.
* Wilson, Robert Anton (April 1996). "Androphobia: The only respectable bigotry". The Backlash!. Shameless Men Press.
* Young, Katherine K.; Nathanson, Paul (2010). Sanctifying Misandry: Goddess Ideology and the Fall of Man. Montreal: McGill–Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-8544-7.

## External links

[edit]

Wikiquote has quotations related to Misandry.

Look up Thesaurus:misandrist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

* Media related to Misandry at Wikimedia Commons

* v
* t
* e

Sexual abuse

Forms|

* Bride kidnapping
* Child
* Child-on-child
* Child exploitation
* Child pornography
* in primary and secondary schools
* Child prostitution
* Child sex tourism
* Cybersex trafficking
* Forced prostitution
* Genital modification and mutilation
* Money marriage
* Rape
* Campus
* Date
* Gray
* Marital
* Prison
* By proxy
* Statutory
* Of males
* Raptio
* Revenge porn
* Sex trafficking
* Sexual assault
* Sexual bullying
* Sexual grooming
* Sexual harassment
* in education
* in education in the United States
* in the military
* Sexual misconduct
* Sexual predator
* Sexual slavery
* Sexual violence
* Statistics
* War

Sociological
theories|

* Aggression
* Causes of sexual violence
* Effects and aftermath of rape
* Misandry
* Misogyny
* Rape culture
* Rape trauma syndrome
* Sociobiological theories of rape
* Victim blaming

Laws|

* Laws regarding child sexual abuse
* Laws regarding rape
* Sexually violent predator laws

Related topics|

* Child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome
* False allegation of child sexual abuse

* Law portal

* v
* t
* e

Gender and sexual identities

Gender
identities|

| Genders|

* Man
* Woman
* Male
* Female
* Androgyne
* Boi
* Cisgender
* Cross-dresser
* Femboy
* Gender bender
* Gender fluidity
* Gender neutrality
* Gender variance
* Masculine of center
* Non-binary / genderqueer
* Transgender
* Akava'ine
* Trans man
* Trans woman
* Fakaleitī
* Mak nyah
* Rae-rae
* Transsexual

|

Third genders
and sexes|

* Androgynos
* Apwint
* Bakla
* Binabinaaine
* Bugis genders
* Bissu
* Calabai
* Calalai
* Chibados
* Enaree
* Eunuch
* Galli
* Fa'afafine
* Fakafifine
* Femminiello
* Güevedoce
* Hijra
* Kathoey
* Köçek
* Koekchuch
* Lhamana
* Māhū
* Mudoko dako
* Mukhannath
* Muxe
* Nádleehi
* Nullo
* Palopa
* Sipiniq
* Sworn virgin
* Travesti
* Tumtum
* Two-spirit
* Vakasalewalewa
* Winkte
* X-gender

Sexual
orientation
identities|

| Sexual orientations|

* Asexual
* Bisexual
* Heterosexual
* Homosexual

|

Alternative labels|

* Banjee
* Bi-curious
* Ex-gay
* Ex-ex-gay
* Down-low
* Fictosexual
* Gay
* Gay men
* Gray asexual
* Demisexual
* Aegosexual
* Heteroflexible
* Khanith
* Lesbian women
* Non-heterosexual
* Pansexual
* Polysexual
* Queer
* Questioning
* Same gender loving
* Takatāpui

Social aspects|

* Sociosexuality
* Antisexuality
* Asociality
* Homosociality
* Heterosociality

Other|

* Achillean
* Allosexuality
* Analloeroticism
* Androphilia and gynephilia
* Aromanticism
* Attraction to transgender people
* Kinsey scale
* Monosexuality
* Plurisexuality
* Postgenderism
* Romantic orientation
* Sapphism

See also|

* Aphobia
* Acephobia
* Arophobia
* Anti-gender movement
* Discrimination against non-binary people
* Discrimination against transgender men
* Discrimination against transgender women
* Gender assignment
* Gender roles
* Gender self-identification
* Healthcare and the LGBTQ community
* Intersex
* Legal recognition of non-binary gender
* Legal status of transgender people
* Mental health of LGBTQ people
* Queer heterosexuality
* Right to personal identity
* Sex as a biological variable
* Sex–gender distinction
* Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
* Social construction of gender
* Split attraction model
* Suicide among LGBTQ people
* Transgender archaeology
* Transgender inequality
* Transmisogyny
* Transphobia

* v
* t
* e

Discrimination

Forms|

* Institutional
* Reverse
* Structural
* Statistical
* Systemic
* Taste-based

Attributes|

* Age
* Caste
* Class
* Disability
* Economic
* Genetic
* Hair texture
* Height
* Language
* Dialect
* Looks
* Mental disorder
* Nationality or citizenship
* Race / Ethnicity
* Reverse
* Skin color
* Scientific racism
* Rank
* Sex
* Reverse
* Sexual orientation
* Species
* Size
* Viewpoint

Social|

* Arophobia
* Anti-albinism
* Acephobia
* Adultism
* Anti-altruistic
* Anti-autism
* Anti-homelessness
* Anti-drug addicts
* Anti-intellectualism
* Anti-intersex
* Anti-left handedness
* Anti-Masonry
* Aporophobia
* Audism
* Biphobia
* Fear of children
* Clannism
* Elitism
* Ephebiphobia
* Health
* mental
* in poverty
* Fatphobia
* Gayphobia
* Gerontophobia
* Heterosexism
* HIV/AIDS stigma
* Hypergamy
* Homophobia
* In-group
* Leprosy stigma
* Lesbophobia
* Against men
* Misandry
* Misogyny
* Misogynoir
* Nepotism
* Outgroup
* Perpetual foreigner
* Pregnancy
* Sectarianism
* Supremacism
* Aryanism
* Black
* Hutu
* Chauvinism
* Han
* Female
* Human
* Nordicism
* Male
* Ultranationalism
* White
* Transphobia
* Non-binary
* Transmisogyny
* Trans men
* Vegaphobia
* Xenophobia

Religious|

* Religious exemption
* Persecution of non-believers
* Atheism
* Blasphemy law
* Religious censorship
* In Islam
* Apostasy
* Religious police
* Jizya
* Religious persecution
* In China
* Exclusivism
* Baháʼí Faith
* Buddhism
* Christianity
* Persecution
* Catholicism
* Eastern Orthodoxy
* Coptic Christianity
* Jehovah's Witnesses
* LDS or Mormon
* Protestantism
* Tewahedo Orthodoxy
* post–Cold War era
* Falun Gong
* Hinduism
* Persecution
* Untouchability
* Islam
* Persecution
* Ahmadiyya
* Shi'ism
* Sufism
* Sunnism
* minority Muslim
* Judaism
* Persecution
* Neopaganism
* Rastafari
* Serers
* Sikhism
* Yazidism
* Zoroastrianism

Race / Ethnicity|

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Hazara
* African
* Fulani
* Igbo
* Serers
* Albanian
* Arab
* Armenian
* Asian
* France
* South Africa
* United States
* Assyrian
* Australian
* Austrian
* Azerbaijani
* Black people
* African Americans
* China
* South Africa
* Bengali
* Catalan
* Chechen
* Chinese
* Han people
* Colombian
* Croat
* Dutch
* English
* Estonian
* Filipino
* French
* Finnish
* Georgian
* German
* Greek
* Haitian
* Hazara
* Hungarian
* Indian
* Indonesian
* Indigenous people
* Australia
* Canada
* United States
* Iranian
* Irish
* Italian
* Japanese
* Jewish
* Eliminationist
* New
* Religious
* Anti-Yiddish
* Zionist
* Korean
* Kurdish
* Lithuanian
* Malay
* Māori
* Mexican
* Middle Eastern
* Mongolian
* Montenegrin
* Nigerian
* Pakistani
* Palestinians
* Pashtun
* Polish
* Portuguese
* Quebec
* Romani
* Romanian
* Russian
* Scottish
* Serb
* Slavic
* Somali
* Spanish
* Taiwanese
* Tatar
* Thai
* Tibetan
* Turkish
* Ukrainian
* Uyghur
* Venezuelan
* Vietnamese
* Welsh
* White people

Manifestations|

* Algorithmic bias
* Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
* SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
* Blood libel
* Bullying
* Cancel culture
* Capital punishment for homosexuality
* Carnism
* Cognitive
* Compulsory sterilization
* Corrective rape
* Counter-jihad
* Cultural genocide
* Defamation
* Democide
* Dog whistle
* Domicide
* Economic
* Education
* Academic
* In curricula
* Sexism
* Eliminationism
* Eliminationist antisemitism
* Employment
* Enemy of the people
* Environmental racism
* Ethnic cleansing
* Ethnic conflict
* Ethnic hatred
* Ethnic joke
* Ethnocide
* Excellence
* Gender-based dress codes
* Cosmetics policy
* High heel policy
* Forced conversion
* Freak show
* Funding
* Gay bashing
* Gendercide
* Transgender genocide
* Genital modification and mutilation
* Circumcision
* Female genital mutilation
* Intersex medical interventions
* Genocide
* examples
* Glass ceiling
* Hate crime
* Disability hate crime
* Violence against LGBTQ people
* Violence against transgender people
* Hate group
* Hate speech
* Institutional
* Abuse
* Discrimination
* Racism
* Homeless dumping
* Housing
* Hypergamy
* Age disparity
* Indian rolling
* International inequality
* Kill Haole Day
* Lavender scare
* LGBTQ+
* grooming conspiracy theory
* Linguicide
* Lynching
* Media
* Minority stress
* Moral exclusion
* Mortgage
* Murder music
* Native American mascots
* Braves
* Blackhawks
* Chiefs
* Occupational
* Apartheid
* Inequality
* Injustice
* Segregation
* Opposition to immigration
* Paper genocide
* Persecution
* Pogrom
* Political
* Political repression
* Ideological repression
* Purge
* Racialization
* Religious persecution
* Religious terrorism
* Religious violence
* Religious war
* Scapegoating
* Selective enforcement
* Selective prosecution
* Sentencing disparity
* Sexual harassment
* Sex-selective abortion
* Slut-shaming
* Structural abuse
* Structural discrimination
* Structural evil
* Structural inequality
* Structural violence
* Suicide
* Untermensch
* Trans bashing
* Victimisation
* Violence against women
* White flight
* White genocide conspiracy theory
* Wife selling
* Witch hunt

Discriminatory
policies|

* Algorithmic wage discrimination
* Age of candidacy
* Apartheid
* in South Africa
* in Israel
* Blood purity
* Blood quantum
* Breadwinner model
* Conscription and sexism
* Disabilities
* Catholic
* Jewish
* Disparate impact
* Fagging
* Gender pay gap
* Gender roles
* Protecting Women's Private Spaces Act
* Gerontocracy
* Gerrymandering
* Ghetto benches
* Internment
* Jewish quota
* Opposition to LGBTQ rights
* MSM blood donation restrictions
* No kid zone
* Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota)
* One-drop rule
* Racial quota
* Racial steering
* Redlining
* Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
* Segregation
* age
* racial
* Jim Crow laws
* Nuremberg Laws
* Segregation academy
* religious
* sexual
* in Islam
* Social exclusion
* Sodomy law
* State atheism
* State religion
* Ugly law
* Voter suppression
* White Australia policy

Countermeasures|

* Affirmative action
* Anti-discrimination law
* Anti-racism
* Audit study
* Autism rights movement
* Blind audition
* Constitutional colorblindness
* Cross-sex friendship
* Cultural assimilation
* Cultural pluralism
* Diversity, equity, and inclusion
* Diversity training
* Empowerment
* Fat acceptance movement
* Feminism
* Fighting Discrimination
* Golden Rule
* Hate speech laws by country
* Human rights
* Intersex human rights
* Korenizatsiia
* LGBTQ rights
* Music in the movement against apartheid
* Nonviolence
* Racial integration
* Reappropriation
* Rock Against Sexism
* Self-determination
* Social integration
* Toleration
* Transgender rights movement
* Universal suffrage
* Women's rights

Related topics|

* Allophilia
* Alterity
* Amatonormativity
* Bias
* Cisnormativity
* Civil liberties
* Criminalization of homosexuality
* Dehumanization
* Diseases of despair
* Diversity
* Multiculturalism
* Neurodiversity
* Ethnic penalty
* Figleaf
* Gender-blind
* Heteronormativity
* Historical eugenics
* Internalized oppression
* Intersectionality
* Mad pride
* Masculism
* Medical model of disability
* autism
* Oikophobia
* Oppression
* Police brutality
* Respect
* Polyculturalism
* Power distance
* Prejudice
* Prisoner abuse
* Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
* Racism by country
* Racial color blindness
* Religious intolerance
* Second-generation gender bias
* Snobbery
* Social equity
* Social exclusion
* Social identity threat
* Social model of disability
* Social privilege
* Christian
* male
* white
* Social stigma
* Speciesism
* Stereotype
* threat
* The talk

* Category
* Commons

Authority control databases

International|

* FAST

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Israel

Other|

* Yale LUX

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template