Moselle Franconian language

West Central German language

Moselle Franconian

Native to| Germany, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Romania, Brazil
Region| North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Lorraine, Liège

Language family

Indo-European

* Germanic
* West Germanic
* Weser-Rhine Germanic
* West Central German
* Central Franconian
* Moselle Franconian

Early forms

Proto-Indo-European

* Proto-Germanic
* Frankish
* Old High Franconian
* Old Central Franconian

Standard forms

* Luxembourgish

Official status

Official language in

|  Luxembourg

Recognised minority
language in

Belgium (recognised by the French Community of Belgium),  Brazil (recognised as Cultural Heritage in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul)

Language codes
ISO 639-3| None (`mis`)
Individual codes:
`ltz` – Luxembourgish
`hrx` – Hunsrik
Glottolog| `luxe1241`

Area where Moselle Franconian / Luxembourgish is spoken with the isogloss between usage of op and of (Standard German: auf) shown

Moselle Franconian is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Central German language area after 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans. Moselle Franconian is shown in yellow (Germany) and blue (Luxembourg)

Moselle Franconian (German: Moselfränkisch, Luxembourgish: Muselfränkesch) is a West Central German language, part of the Central Franconian languages area, that includes Luxembourgish. It is spoken in the southern Rhineland and along the course of the Moselle, in the Siegerland of North Rhine-Westphalia, throughout western Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Luxembourg, the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium and in the neighboring French département of Moselle (in Arrondissement of Boulay-Moselle). The Transylvanian Saxon dialect spoken in the Transylvania region of Romania is derived from this dialect as a result of the emigration of numerous "Transylvanian Saxons" between 1100 and 1300, primarily from areas in which the Moselle Franconian dialect was then spoken. Another variety of Moselle Franconian, the Hunsrik, is spoken in some rural areas of southern Brazil, brought by 19th century immigrants from the Hunsrück region in modern Germany.[1][2]

## Varieties[edit]

The transition between "dialect" and "separate language" is fluid.[3]

The Linguasphere Register[4] lists five dialects of Moselle Franconian (code 52-ACB-dc) with codes -dca to -dce:

* Trierisch (Rhineland-Palatinate, Luxembourg, northwestern Saarland)
* Eifelisch (Rhineland-Palatinate, East Belgium, Luxembourg, southern North Rhine-Westphalia)
* Untermosellanisch (Rhineland-Palatinate)
* West-Westerwäldisch (Rhineland-Palatinate)
* Siegerländisch (southern North Rhine-Westphalia, northeastern Rhineland-Palatinate)

Also considered part of the Moselle Franconian language are the variants of Lorraine Franconian, Luxembourgish[5][6] and Transylvanian Saxon dialect.

Some Moselle Franconian dialects have developed into standardized varieties which can be considered separate languages, especially due to the limited intelligibility of some dialects for Standard German speakers:

* Luxembourgish (Lëtzebuergesch)
* Lorraine Franconian
* Transylvanian Saxon dialect
* Hunsrik

Most speakers of Luxembourgish are multilingual, speaking Standard German and French in addition to Luxembourgish.

## See also[edit]

* Saarland (section Local dialect)
* Rhine Franconian (related neighboring dialect group)
* Meuse-Rhenish

## Further reading[edit]

* Werner König: dtv-Atlas Deutsche Sprache. dtv-Verlag, München (Munich) 2005; ISBN 3-423-03025-9 (German).

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moselfraenkisch dialects.

Authority control databases: National |

* Germany

|

## References[edit]

1. ^ Documentação, Coordenadoria de. "LEI Nº 16.987, DE 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2016". leis.alesc.sc.gov.br. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
2. ^ "Texto da Norma". 2019-03-30. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
3. ^ Ammon, Ulrich - Die Stellung der deutschen Sprache in der Welt Archived 2015-11-09 at the Wayback Machine (de Gruyter Mouton; ISBN 978-3-11-019298-8)
4. ^ Linguasphere Register, 1999/2000 edition, p. 430
5. ^ http://www.luxembourg.public.lu/catalogue/fr-generalites/ap_histoire/ap_histoire_2008_DE.pdf[permanent dead link] „Im Alltag sprechen die Luxemburger ihren Dialekt, eine moselfränkische Mundart, die sie selbst noch bis Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als "Lëtzebuerger Däitsch" ("Luxemburger Deutsch") bezeichneten.“
6. ^ "The rise of the national sentiment (19th century)". The Official Portal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Retrieved 2019-12-01 - via www.luxembourg.public.lu.

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Germanic languages

According to contemporary philology

West

| Anglo-Frisian|

| Anglic|

* English
* dialects
* Old English
* Middle English
* Modern English
* Early Modern English
* Irish Middle English
* Fingallian
* Kildare
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* Early Scots
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|

Frisian|

| Historical forms|

* Old Frisian
* Middle Frisian

|

East Frisian|

* Ems
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* Weser
* Wangerooge Frisian
* Wursten Frisian

North Frisian|

* Insular
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* Karrharde
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West Frisian|

* Hindeloopen
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* Mainland West Frisian
* Clay Frisian
* Wood Frisian
* Westereendersk
* Terschelling

Low German|

| Historical forms|

* Old Saxon
* Middle Low German

|

West Low German|

* Dutch Low Saxon
* Stellingwarfs
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East Low German|

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Low Franconian|

| Historical forms|

* Frankish
* Old Dutch
* Middle Dutch

|

Standard variants|

* Dutch
* Afrikaans (Kaaps)

West Low Franconian|

* Central Dutch
* Hollandic
* Kleverlandish
* West Flemish
* French Flemish
* Zeelandic
* East Flemish
* Brabantian

* Surinamese Dutch
* Jersey Dutch
* Mohawk Dutch
* Stadsfries/Bildts/Amelands/Midslands

East Low Franconian|

* Limburgish
* Southeast Limburgish

Cover groups|

* Meuse-Rhenish

High German|

| Historical forms|

* Old High German
* Middle High German
* New High German
* Early New High German

|

Standard German|

* German Standard German
* Austrian Standard German
* Swiss Standard German

Non-standard variants
and creoles|

* Namibian German
* Namibian Black German
* Berlinerisch
* Unserdeutsch
* Barossa German
* Rotwelsch
* Lotegorisch
* Yenish
* Yiddish
* Eastern
* Western
* Scots Yiddish
* Klezmer-loshn
* Lachoudisch

Central German|

| West Central German|

* Central Franconian
* Ripuarian
* Colognian
* Moselle Franconian
* Luxembourgish
* Transylvanian Saxon
* Hunsrückisch
* Hunsrik
* Rhine Franconian
* Lorraine Franconian
* Palatine
* Volga German
* Pennsylvania Dutch
* Hessian
* Central Hessian
* Amana German

|

East Central German|

* Thuringian
* Upper Saxon
* Erzgebirgisch
* Lusatian
* Silesian German
* High Prussian
* Wymysorys
* Halcnovian

Upper German|

* Alemannic in the broad sense
* Low Alemannic
* Alsatian
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* Highest Alemannic
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* Swabian
* Bavarian
* Northern Bavarian
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* Southern Bavarian
* South Tyrolean
* Cimbrian
* Mòcheno
* Hutterite German
* Gottscheerish
* South Franconian
* East Franconian
* Vogtlandian
* Langobardic

North and East

| North|

| Historical forms|

* Proto-Norse
* Old Norse
* Old West Norse
* Old East Norse
* Old Gutnish

|

West|

* Norwegian
* Bergensk
* Kebabnorsk
* Sognamål
* Trøndersk
* Valdris
* Vestlandsk
* Vikværsk
* Bokmål (written)
* Nynorsk (written)
* Old Norwegian
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* Faroese
* Icelandic
* Old Icelandic
* Middle Icelandic
* Greenlandic Norse
* Norn

East|

* Swedish
* Swedish dialects
* Rinkebysvenska
* Danish
* Danish dialects
* Insular Danish
* Jutlandic
* South Jutlandic
* East Danish
* Bornholmsk
* Scanian
* Southern Schleswig Danish
* Gøtudanskt
* Perkerdansk
* Old Danish
* Middle Danish
* Dalecarlian
* Elfdalian

* Gutnish
* Mainland Gutnish
* Fårö Gutnish

East|

* Gothic (Crimean Gothic)
* Burgundian
* Vandalic

Philology

| Language subgroups|

* North
* East
* West
* Elbe (Irminonic)
* Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)
* North Sea (Ingvaeonic)

* Northwest
* Gotho-Nordic
* South

|

Reconstructed|

* Proto-Germanic
* Proto-Germanic grammar
* Germanic parent language
* Ancient Belgian language

Diachronic features|

* Grimm's law
* Verner's law
* Holtzmann's law
* Sievers's law
* Kluge's law
* Germanic substrate hypothesis
* West Germanic gemination
* High German consonant shift
* Germanic a-mutation
* Germanic umlaut
* Germanic spirant law
* Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
* Great Vowel Shift

Synchronic features|

* Germanic verb
* Germanic strong verb
* Germanic weak verb
* Preterite-present verb
* Grammatischer Wechsel
* Indo-European ablaut

* Italics indicate extinct languages
* Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

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