Music and fashion

Aspect of popular culture

David Bowie and Cher in 1975.

Music and fashion have long been closely linked. Artistic movements in music have often been associated with distinct fashions.[1][2] Both industries have also had considerable influence on each other. Many famous musicians have also had notable styles and influenced fashion.[3][4]

## Pop

[edit]

The Boston Globe described singers Cher and David Bowie as pioneers of shape-shifting in pop music.[5] Cher emerged as a fashion trendsetter in the 1960s, popularizing "hippie fashion with bell-bottoms, bandanas and Cherokee-inspired tunics".[6] She has repeatedly reinvented herself by adopting a series of visual personas,[7] for which Professor Richard Aquila from Ball State University called her "the ultimate pop chameleon".[8] Billboard observed Cher's role in redefining visual possibilities for pop stars, allowing them to adopt multiple personas on and off stage.[9] The Independent's Alexander Fury traced Cher's fashion influence among female music artists such as Beyoncé and Jennifer Lopez, stating, "They all graduated from the Cher school of never sharing the stage, with anyone or anything."[10]

New York magazine acknowledged Barbra Streisand fashion sense saying "she embarked on a surreal, chameleonic, personal fashion quest" that single-handedly began the retro revolution in the 1960s.[11] American singer Michael Jackson inspired global fashion trends during the 1980s.[12] British Vogue called him "a fashion pioneer [who] initiated the trophy jacket trend in the Eighties".[13] His style included sequined gloves, a fedora, red leather jackets, sequined jackets, aviator sunglasses, black high-waisted pants, white socks and leather penny loafers.[14] American singer Madonna is known for having adopted multiple visual styles throughout her career. Author James Robert Parish wrote that her fashion during the 1980s helped create a new version of the blonde bombshell image.[15] Scholar Camille Paglia wrote, "[Madonna] has become a fashion icon more than a music pioneer".[16] Madonna's prominence enabled her to bring subcultural styles into the mainstream.[17] Various publications have credited Madonna with starting the underwear as outerwear trend.[18][19][17]

## Country

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Western wear.[edit]

Woman wearing fringe jacket and hat, United States, 1953 Western wear is a category of men's and women's clothing which derives its unique style from the clothes worn in the 19th century Wild West. It ranges from accurate historical reproductions of American frontier clothing, to the stylized garments popularized by Western film and television or singing cowboys such as Gene Autry and Roy Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It continues to be a fashion choice in the West and Southwestern United States, as well as people associated with country music or Western lifestyles, for example the various Western or Regional Mexican music styles. Western wear typically incorporates one or more of the following: Western shirts with pearl snap fasteners and vaquero design accents, blue jeans, cowboy hat, a leather belt, and cowboy boots.

## Grunge

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Grunge fashion.[edit]

Grunge fashion refers to the clothing, accessories and hairstyles of the grunge music genre. This subculture emerged in mid-1980s Seattle, and had reached wide popularity by the mid 1990s. Grunge fashion is characterized by durable and timeless thrift-store clothing, often worn in a loose, androgynous manner to de-emphasize the silhouette. The style was popularized by music bands Nirvana, Soundgarden and Pearl Jam.

## Heavy metal

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Heavy metal fashion.[edit]

Judas Priest, in typical heavy metal stage attire, performing at the VH1 Rock Honors on May 25, 2006. Heavy metal fashion is the style of dress, body modification, make-up, hairstyle, and so on, taken on by fans of heavy metal, or, as they are often called, metalheads or headbangers. While the style has changed from the 1970s to the 2020s, certain key elements have remained constant, such as black clothes, long hair and leather jackets. In the 1980s, some bands began wearing spandex. Other attire includes denim or leather vests or jackets with band patches and logos, t-shirts with band names, and spiked wristbands. It can also include with heavier subgenres of metal: bullet belts, gas masks, and war gear.

## Hip-hop

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Hip-hop fashion.[edit]

Rapper Snoop Dogg in 2009 show overalls Hip-hop fashion (also known as rap fashion) refers to the various styles of dress that originated from Urban Black America and inner city youth in American cities like New York City, Los Angeles, and Atlanta. Being a major part of hip-hop culture, it further developed in other cities across the United States,[20] with each contributing different elements to the overall style that is now recognized worldwide.

## Mod

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Mod (subculture).[edit]

Mod, from the word modernist, is a subculture that began in late 1950s London and spread throughout Great Britain, eventually influencing fashions and trends in other countries.[21] It continues today on a smaller scale. Focused on music and fashion, the subculture has its roots in a small group of stylish London-based young men and women in the late 1950s who were termed modernists because they listened to modern jazz.[22]

## Punk

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Punk fashion.[edit]

Punk fashion circa 1986, a hairstyle with dyed red liberty spikes

Punk fashion is the clothing, hairstyles, cosmetics, jewellery, and body modifications of the punk counterculture. Punk fashion varies widely, ranging from Vivienne Westwood designs to styles modeled on bands like the Exploited to the dressed-down look of North American hardcore. The distinct social dress of other subcultures and art movements, including glam rock, skinheads, greasers, and mods have influenced punk fashion. Punk fashion has likewise influenced the styles of these groups, as well as those of popular culture. Many punks use clothing as a way of making a statement.[23]

The early, pre-fame work of designer Vivienne Westwood helped pioneer the look of early British punk with her scene-establishing clothing shops Sex and Seditionaries in the mid-1970s, co-run with Malcolm McLaren who managed the Sex Pistols. Westwood was asked by then-partner McLaren to outfit the Sex Pistols, and Westwood's designs found a canvas on Johnny Rotten and Sid Vicious.[24] Her early work with Sex and the Sex Pistols helped to establish her as one of the most influential British designers of the 20th century.[25]

Punk fashion has long been commercialized,[26] with well-established fashion designers like Zandra Rhodes,[27][28][29] Thierry Mugler,[30][31] Jean Paul Gaultier,[32][33] Stephen Sprouse,[34][35] and Anna Sui[36][37] using punk elements in their production and the first punk-influenced fashion spreads appearing in mainstream fashion magazines as early as 1976.[38]

## See also

[edit]

* Indie sleaze
* Beatle boot
* Fashion of Madonna
* Cultural impact of Michael Jackson (fashion)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "How Does Music Impact Fashion?". LMT Music Academy. 2024-01-18. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
2. ^ Hardcastle, Kate. "Taylor-Made Success: The Power Of Music & Fashion's 'Special Relationship'". Forbes. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
3. ^ "From Madonna to J.Lo, Lizzo and Britney, take a look back at 32 of the most iconic fashion moments in music history". Glamour UK. 2021-07-15. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
4. ^ Jackson, Claire. "Classical music's enduring relationship with fashion". Classical Music. Retrieved 2024-04-12 - via BBC Music.
5. ^ Reed, James (April 4, 2014). "Before she was an icon, Cher was simply a soul singer". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Retrieved June 23, 2018.
6. ^ Aminosharei, Nojan (June 2010). "Influential Women in Music – Influential Musicians". Elle. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2016.
7. ^ Bego, Mark (2001). Cher: If You Believe. Taylor Trade Publishing. p. 7\. ISBN 0-8154-1153-7.
8. ^ Ransford, Marc (May 27, 2003). "Professor: Cher is the ultimate pop chameleon". Ball State University. Archived from the original on June 5, 2010.
9. ^ Mazurek, Brooke (May 19, 2017). "How Cher Transformed Fashion And Became One Of The Most Influential Style Icons In Red Carpet History". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 19, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2020.
10. ^ Fury, Alexander (July 23, 2015). "Cher on the cover of Love magazine: Queen of chiffon and sequins is the ultimate fashion icon". The Independent. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
11. ^ Paglia, Camille (February 24, 1997). "Pop Shoots". New York. p. 104. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
12. ^ Billboard (New York) (July 4, 2009). "Michael Jackson's music had impact around the globe". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 7, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2020.
13. ^ "Michael Jackson – A Tribute". British Vogue. June 26, 2009. Archived from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
14. ^ Vogel, (Kindle location) 1988.
15. ^ Parish, James Robert; Pitts, Michael R. (2003). Hollywood Songsters: Garland to O'Connor. Routledge. p. 521\. ISBN 0415943337.
16. ^ Paglia, Camille (December 2, 2005). "Dancing as fast as she can". Salon.com. Retrieved August 10, 2022.
17. ^ a b Givhan, Robin (May 29, 1990). "Madonna fashion trendsetter". The Pittsburgh Press. p. B8. Retrieved February 9, 2024.
18. ^ Bell, Alison (2004). Fearless Fashion. Lobster Press. p. 14\. ISBN 1894222865.
19. ^ Barsamian, Edward (August 16, 2016). "Madonna's Best Fashion Transformations On and Off the Stage". Vogue. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
20. ^ "The Complete Story Of How Hip-Hop Changed The Way We Dress". FashionBeans. Retrieved 2019-08-01.
21. ^ Grossman, Henry; Spencer, Terrance; Saton, Ernest (13 May 1966). "Revolution in Men's Clothes: Mod Fashions from Britain are Making a Smash in the U.S." Life. pp. 82–88.
22. ^ Jaquest, Oonagh (May 2003). "Jeff Noon on The Modernists". BBC. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
23. ^ Hudson, Alice (2016). "Understanding the Politics of Punk Clothing from 1976 to 1980 Using Surviving Objects and Oral Testimony" (PDF). University of Brighton (Dissertation). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-04-03. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
24. ^ Andrew, Scottie. "How Vivienne Westwood dressed the Sex Pistols and shaped punk". CNN. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
25. ^ Price, Shannon. "Vivienne Westwood (born 1941) and the Postmodern Legacy of Punk Style". The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Retrieved 2023-04-01.
26. ^ Hyde, Nina S. (1978-01-01). "Fashion Notes". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-04-04. "...[P]unk...has inspired the huge trash cans with shoulder ropes being sold...as trendy carryalls at New York's Fiorucci."
27. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 356\. ISBN 0-670-80172-0. "1977: Rhodes presented a 'punk' collection of ripped, zipped and safety-pinned jersey evening dress..."
28. ^ Hyde, Nina S. (1977-10-29). "And Now 'Punk Chic'". The Washington Post. "The French are not the first to exploit punk fashion. British fashion designer Zandra Rhodes incorporated rips and tears and safety pins into $600 silk crepe dresses a season back [spring 1977]. Stores like Sakowitz in Houston sold them 'rather well,' according to Robert Sakowitz, the store owner."
29. ^ Morris, Bernadine (1977-09-17). "All Around Town, a Week of Lavish Couture Openings". The New York Times: 19. Retrieved 2022-04-04. "...Zandra Rhodes, the British designer who transcribed the punk rock image into the idiom of high fashion....Zandra Rhodes...catapulted 'punk rock' to the fashion world's attention....The style is characterized by cutouts, safety pins and chains...In Miss Rhode's versions, there was not much of the aggressive, sadistic punk rock flavor."
30. ^ Hyde, Nina S. (1977-10-24). "Thinking Big for Spring". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-02-07. "There is punk influence at Thierry Mugler, including a punk model with fluorescent yellow hair..."
31. ^ Hyde, Nina S. (1977-10-29). "And Now 'Punk Chic'". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-04-04. "At Thierry Mugler, black leather and safety-pin jewelry showed up on the runway worn by the cool, blonde [French punk icon] Edwige."
32. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1976-1986". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 345\. ISBN 0-670-80172-0. "...Jean-Paul Gaultier fused the showmanship of a couture training...with the design anarchy borrowed from London's streets..."
33. ^ Cunningham, Bill (1986-03-01). "Bright Spring Fashion Takes a Brave New Direction". Details. IV (8). New York, NY: 98. ISSN 0740-4921. "Jean Paul Gaultier...defines the neo-punk yuppies."
34. ^ Cunningham, Bill (1988-03-01). "Fashionating Rhythm". Details. VI (8). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 119. ISSN 0740-4921. "Stephen Sprouse...continues to manipulate...the Sixties hippie and Seventies punk influences..."
35. ^ Goodman, Wendy (1987-09-21). "Stephen Sprouse Tries a Comeback with a Solid New Store". New York. 20 (37): 139. Retrieved 2022-08-18. "Stephen Sprouse...T-shirts printed with safety pins, skulls, and barbed wire; eleven-inch micro-skirts in...camouflage patterns;...dresses covered with gold safety pins..."
36. ^ Nika, Colleen (September 14, 2011). "Exclusive: Anna Sui Discusses Her Spring 2012 Show and Punk Rock Heritage". rollingstone.com. Rolling Stone. Retrieved November 2, 2016.
37. ^ Drain, Kelsey (May 13, 2016). "Opening Ceremony, Anna Sui Capsule Collection Launches; Designer's '90s Pieces Reissued". fashiontimes.com. Fashion Times. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2016.
38. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1976". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 353\. ISBN 0-670-80172-0. "1976: The punk image began to be covered in Italian Vogue, which featured page after page of black clothing worn with aggressive accessories: low-slung, studded belts, leather knuckle-dusters, dog chains, and wrap-around sunglasses. Hair was dishevelled and tied with black lace ribbons."

## External links

[edit]

* Music and Fashion at Smithsonian Institution

* v
* t
* e

Fashion articles

Index of fashion articles

General|

* Environmental impact of fashion
* Fashion accessory
* Fashion design
* Fashion design copyright
* Fashion matrix
* Fashion museum
* Fashion plate
* Fashion tourism
* Semiotics of fashion

History|

* History of clothing and textiles
* History of Western fashion
* History of fashion design
* Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
* 19th century
* 21st century

Events|

* Fashion show
* Fashion week

Industry|

* Awards
* Clothing industry
* Designer clothing
* Digital fashion
* Fashion blog
* Fashion capital
* Fashion entrepreneur
* Fashion editor
* Fashion forecasting
* Fashion illustration
* Fashion influencer
* Fashion journalism
* Fashion law
* Fashion photography
* Fashion merchandising
* Fast fashion
* in China
* Red carpet fashion
* Social media in the fashion industry
* Sweatshop
* Trickle-up fashion
* Trickle-down fashion

Traditional
clothing|

* Ceremonial
* Court
* Diplomatic
* Academic
* Military
* Full
* Mess
* Service
* Sailor
* Combat
* Folk

| Western dress codes|

* Formal
* Morning dress
* White tie
* Ball gown
* Semi-formal
* Black lounge suit
* Black tie
* Evening gown
* Informal
* Suit
* Cocktail dress
* Pantsuit

|

Religious|

* Christian
* Jewish
* Islamic
* Modest fashion

Casual|

| Smart casual|

* British country clothing
* Business casual
* Nautical style
* Chic
* Cruise collection
* Preppy
* Ivy League
* Mod
* Sloane Ranger
* Teddy Boys
* Young fogey

|

Street fashion|

* Streetwear
* Hip hop
* Hippie
* Hipster
* Sportswear
* Athleisure
* Gorpcore
* Sportswear fashion
* Surfwear
* Ghetto fabulous
* Bling-bling
* Vintage fashion

Alternative|

* Androgyny
* Bohemian
* Emo
* Fetish
* Gothic
* Lolita
* Queer
* Skinhead
* Steampunk
* Thrift store chic
* Rocker
* Greaser
* Glam
* Grunge
* Heavy metal
* Punk
* Skate
* Rockabilly

By country|

* American fashion
* British fashion
* Canadian fashion
* Chinese fashion
* Filipino fashion
* French fashion
* German fashion
* Indian fashion
* Iranian fashion
* Israeli fashion
* Italian fashion
* History
* Japanese fashion
* Nigerian fashion
* Russian fashion
* South Korean fashion
* Swedish fashion
* Taiwanese fashion
* Thai fashion
* Vietnamese clothing

Fashion activism|

* Anti-fashion
* Anti-sweatshop movement
* Circular fashion
* Environmental sustainability of vintage fashion
* Ethical consumerism
* Fair trade certification
* Sustainable fashion
* Slow fashion
* Textile recycling
* Trashion
* Zero-waste fashion

Related|

* Androgyny
* Dandy
* Effeminacy
* Fop
* Macaroni
* Metrosexual
* Ballet and fashion
* Capsule wardrobe
* Chinoiserie in fashion
* Dress code
* Undress
* Fashion victim
* Genderless fashion in Japan
* List of boots
* List of bra designs
* List of hat styles
* List of headgear
* List of fur headgear
* List of individual dresses
* List of shoe styles
* Music and fashion
* Tattoo

* Fashion portal

* v
* t
* e

Music

History of music|

* Prehistoric
* Ancient
* Dance
* Martial
* Religious
* Biblical
* Secular

| Art music|

* Afghan classical music—Klasik
* Andalusi classical music
* Arabic music
* Azerbaijani Mugham
* Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
* Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
* Chinese traditional music
* Indian classical music
* Byzantine music
* Indonesian art music—Gamelan
* Japanese court music—Gagaku
* Korean court music
* Lao classical music
* Mandé art music
* Ottoman music
* Persian classical music
* Philippine art songs—Kundiman
* Scottish Ceòl Mór
* Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
* Thai classical music—Piphat
* Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
* Western classical music

|

Vernacular
music|

* Circus music
* Folk music
* Blues
* Country music
* Electronic music
* Hip hop music
* Jazz
* Pop music
* Progressive music
* Psychedelic music
* Soul music

Musical instruments|

* Arched Harp
* Angular harp
* History of the harpsichord
* History of lute-family instruments
* Nafir
* Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
* History of the trumpet
* History of the violin

* Musician
* Ensembles

* Band (rock and pop)
* Backup band
* All-female band
* Rhythm section
* Big band
* Concert band
* Disc jockey
* Military band
* Lead vocalist
* Backing vocalist

* Theory
* Composition

* Form
* Genre
* Notation
* Improvisation
* Lyrics
* Singing
* Song
* Technique

Education and study|

* Bachelor of Music
* Master of Music
* Doctor of Musical Arts
* PhD
* Method
* Music archaeology
* Music history
* Music psychology
* Music school
* Composition
* Musicology
* Biomusicology
* Cognitive musicology
* Computational musicology
* Ecomusicology
* Ethnomusicology
* New musicology
* Organology
* Sociomusicology
* Zoomusicology

Production|

* Single
* A-side and B-side
* Extended play
* Compilation
* Live
* Remix
* Audio engineer
* Record label
* Record producer
* Sampling
* Music technology (electric)
* Music technology (electronic and digital)
* Sound recording and reproduction
* Cover
* Remix

Cultural and
regional genres

* African
* Central
* East
* North
* Southern
* West
* Asian
* Central
* East
* Middle Eastern
* South
* Southeast
* European
* Balkan
* Nordic
* Latin American
* Central American
* South American
* North American
* Caribbean
* Oceanian
* Melanesian
* Micronesian
* Polynesian

By sovereign state|

* Afghanistan
* Albania
* Algeria
* Andorra
* Angola
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Armenia
* Australia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Bahamas
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Barbados
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Belize
* Benin
* Bhutan
* Bolivia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Botswana
* Brazil
* Brunei
* Bulgaria
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cambodia
* Cameroon
* Canada
* Cape Verde
* Central African Republic
* Chad
* Chile
* China
* Colombia
* Comoros
* Costa Rica
* Croatia
* Cuba
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Denmark
* Djibouti
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* Egypt
* El Salvador
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Estonia
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Fiji
* Finland
* France
* Gabon
* Gambia
* Georgia
* Germany
* Ghana
* Greece
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guinea
* Guinea-Bissau
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Hungary
* Iceland
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Ireland
* Israel
* Italy
* Ivory Coast
* Jamaica
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kenya
* Kiribati
* Kosovo
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Latvia
* Lebanon
* Lesotho
* Liberia
* Libya
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mali
* Malta
* Marshall Islands
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Mexico
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Mongolia
* Montenegro
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Myanmar
* Namibia
* Nauru
* Nepal
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Nicaragua
* Niger
* Nigeria
* North Korea
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palau
* Palestine
* Panama
* Papua New Guinea
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Qatar
* Republic of the Congo
* Romania
* Russia
* Rwanda
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Samoa
* San Marino
* Saudi Arabia
* Senegal
* Serbia
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* Singapore
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Solomon Islands
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* South Sudan
* Spain
* Sri Lanka
* Sudan
* Suriname
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Syria
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Taiwan
* Tajikistan
* Tanzania
* Thailand
* Timor-Leste
* Togo
* Tonga
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* Tuvalu
* Uganda
* Ukraine
* United Arab Emirates
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Uruguay
* Uzbekistan
* Vanuatu
* Vatican City
* Venezuela
* Vietnam
* Western Sahara
* Yemen
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

Lists|

* Index
* Outline
* Timeline
* Albums
* Classical and art music traditions
* Classical music genres
* Cultural and regional genres
* Instruments
* Jazz and popular music glossary
* Music genres and styles
* Songs
* Terminology

related articles|

* Aesthetics of music
* Album era
* Fictional music
* Music and emotion
* Music and exercise
* Music and fashion
* Music industry
* Music and politics
* Censorship
* Environmentalism
* Warfare
* Music and sleep
* Music community
* Music festival
* Music technology
* Music therapy
* Musical escapism
* Musical instrument
* Classification
* Folk
* Women in music

* Music portal
* Record production portal
* Category

* v
* t
* e

Pop music

Stylistic origins|

* Tin Pan Alley
* Traditional pop
* Rock and roll

Styles|

* Adult contemporary
* Christian
* Quiet storm
* Rhythmic
* Urban
* Alternative
* Paisley Underground
* Ambient
* Art
* Avant
* Beach
* Beat
* Brill Building
* Bubblegum
* Chamber
* Contemporary Christian music
* Country
* Bro-country
* Cowboy
* Cringe
* Dancehall
* Dance
* Freestyle
* Crunkcore
* Disco polo
* Dream
* Experimental
* Folk
* Hyperpop
* Hypnagogic
* Indie
* Dunedin sound
* Twee
* Operatic
* Orchestral
* Baroque
* Pop rap
* Pop rock
* Emo
* Jangle
* Pop metal
* Pop-punk
* Power
* Progressive
* Psychedelic
* Recession
* Schlager music
* Sophisti-pop
* Space age
* Sunshine
* Swamp
* Synth-pop
* Electropop
* Futurepop
* Teen
* Traditional
* Wonky

Regional variants|

| Africa|

* Africa
* Afrobeats
* Moroccan

|

The Americas|

* American
* Argentine
* Brazilian (MPB)
* Brega pop
* Choro
* Cumbia Pop
* Latin
* Tropipop
* Mexican
* Nueva ola

Asia|

* Arabic
* Armenian
* Assyrian
* Azerbaijani
* Chinese
* Cantopop
* Hakka
* Hokkien
* Mandopop
* French
* Xinyao
* Zhongguo feng
* Gufeng
* Hong Kong English
* Indian
* Bhangra
* Filmi
* Hindutva
* Indonesian
* Melankolis
* Kreatif
* Iranian
* Japanese
* City
* Kayōkyoku
* Ryūkōka
* Shibuya-kei
* Kazakhstani
* Korean
* North
* South
* Lao
* Malaysian
* Pakistani
* Philippine
* Taiwanese
* Campus folk
* Hakka
* Hokkien
* Indigenous
* Mandopop
* Thai
* Vietnamese

Europe|

* Austropop
* Balkan pop-folk
* Chalga
* Laïko
* Manele
* Tallava
* Turbo-folk
* British
* Dutch
* Nederbeat
* New pop
* Eurodance
* Europop
* French pop
* French Mandopop
* Yé-yé
* Hungarian
* Italian
* Macedonian
* Čalgija
* Romanian
* Manele
* Russian
* Schlager
* Serbian
* Swedish
* Turkish
* SFR Yugoslavia
* Soviet
* VIA music
* Ukrainian

Related topics|

* Celebrity
* Bobby-soxer
* Sasaeng fan
* Teenybopper
* Wota
* Honorific nicknames
* Music and fashion
* Pop music automation
* Popular music pedagogy
* Rockism and poptimism
* Songwriter
* Talent manager
* Talent agent
* Teen idol
* Boy band
* Girl group
* Verse–chorus form
* Virtual band
* Worldbeat

* v
* t
* e

Music industry

Major companies
and organizations|

| Representatives|

* AMPROFON
* ARIA
* BVMI
* BPI
* Music Canada
* FIMI
* IFPI (worldwide)
* PMB
* PROMUSICAE
* RIAA
* SNEP

|

Publishers|

* BMG Rights Management
* Sony Music Publishing
* Universal Music Publishing Group
* Warner Chappell Music
* Disney Music Publishing

Record labels|

* Major: Sony
* Universal
* Warner
* Independent: Concord
* Independent UK record labels
* AAMG

Retailers|

* Amazon
* Digital music stores (iTunes Store)
* Fnac
* HMV
* Kaspien
* Virgin Megastores

Live music|

* CTS Eventim
* Live Nation
* LiveStyle
* Ticketmaster

Major genres|

* Blues
* Country
* Easy listening
* Electronic
* Experimental
* Folk
* Gospel
* Hip hop
* Jazz
* Latin
* Metal
* New Age
* Pop
* Reggae
* Rhythm and blues
* Rock
* World

Sectors
and roles|

* Album cover design
* Artists and repertoire (A&R)
* Disc jockey
* Distribution
* Entertainment law
* Music education
* Music executive
* Music and fashion
* Music journalism
* Music publisher
* Music store
* Music venue
* Musical instruments
* Professional audio store
* Promotion
* Radio promotion
* Record label
* Record shop
* Road crew
* Talent manager
* Tour promoter

| Production|

* Arrangement
* Songwriter
* Composer
* Lyricist
* Conductor
* Disc jockey
* Hip hop producer
* Horn section
* Record producer
* Rhythm section
* Orchestrator
* Session musician
* Backup singer
* Ghost singer
* Vocal coach
* Ghostwriter
* Sound engineer

|

Release
formats|

* Single (Extended play (EP), 12" single, Cassette single, CD single, Maxi single)
* Album
* Double album, Mixtape, Surprise album
* Music video
* Visual album
* Promotional recording
* Phonograph record
* Eight-track
* Compact cassette
* CD
* DVD
* Airplay
* Music download
* Music streaming service

Live shows|

* Concert
* Concert tour
* Concert residency
* Music festival
* Music competition

Charts|

* ARIA Charts
* Billboard Hot 100
* Billboard Argentina Hot 100
* Billboard Brasil Hot 100
* Canadian Hot 100
* Circle Chart
* G-Music chart
* Irish Singles Chart
* Italian singles chart
* GfK Entertainment charts
* Entertainment Monitoring Africa
* Oricon charts
* New Zealand singles chart
* Rolling Stone Top 100
* Sino Chart
* TME Physical Album Sales Chart
* SNEP singles chart
* Sverigetopplistan
* UK singles chart

Publications|

* Billboard
* HitQuarters
* Hot Press
* Kerrang!
* Mojo
* Musica e dischi
* NME
* Q
* Rolling Stone
* Smash Hits
* Top of the Pops

Television|

| Channels|

* Channel V
* CMT
* Fuse
* Mnet
* MTV
* MTV2
* Tr3s
* MuchMusic
* The Music Factory
* Viva
* VH1
* The Country Network

|

Series|

* Idol franchise
* Popstars
* Star Academy
* The Four
* The Voice
* The X Factor
* Rising Star

Achievements|

* Music award
* Best-selling music artists
* In: Brazil
* Finland
* Germany
* Japan
* United Kingdom (Females)
* United States
* Genre:
* Gospel
* Latin
* Nationality:
* Belgian
* Brazilian
* British
* Italian
* Swedish
* Best-selling albums
* by country
* Latin
* Best-selling singles
* by country
* Highest-paid musicians
* Highest-grossing live music artists
* Highest-grossing concert tours
* by women
* Latin
* Highest-grossing benefit concerts
* Most-attended concert tours
* Most-attended concerts
* Global Recording Artist of the Year
* Wealthiest musical artists

Other|

* Album era
* Album-equivalent unit
* A-side and B-side
* Backmasking
* Bootleg recording
* Christian music industry
* Environmental impact
* Global Release Day
* Hidden track
* Largest music deals
* Largest recorded music markets
* Most expensive albums
* Most valuable records
* Music certification
* Parental Advisory
* Record sales
* White label

* Record production portal
* Category

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