Na (Mongolic)

Letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages

Na is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.[1]: 549–551

## Mongolian language

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Look up ᠨ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main articles: Mongolian script, Mongolian writing systems, and Mongolian language

The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
| ᠠ

| ᠡ

| ᠢ

| ᠣ

| ᠤ

| ᠥ

| ᠦ

|
|
|
|
|
|

(ē)

| | | | | |
Mongolian consonants
| ᠨ

| ᠩ

| ᠪ

| ᠫ

(p)

| ᠬ

q/k

| ᠭ

ɣ/g

| ᠮ

|
|
|
|
|
|

| ᠰ

| ᠱ

| ᠲ

| ᠳ

| ᠴ

| ᠵ

| ᠷ

| ᠸ

(w)

| | | |
Foreign consonants

* Mongolian script multigraphs

* v
* t
* e

Letter[2]: 17, 20–21 [3]: 546 [4]: 212–213

n | Transliteration[note 1]
ᠨ‍ | Initial
‍ᠨ᠋‍⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩ | Medial (syllable-initial)
‍ᠨ‍⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩ | Medial (syllable-final)
‍ᠨ | Final
C-V syllables[6]: 8

n‑a, n‑e | na, ne | ni | no, nu | nö, nü | Transliteration
—  | ᠨᠠ | ᠨᠢ
[note 2] | ᠨᠣ᠋ | ᠨᠥ᠋ | Alone
ᠨᠠ‍ | ᠨᠢ‍ | ᠨᠣ‍ | ᠨᠥ‍ | Initial
‍ᠨᠠ‍ | ‍ᠨᠢ‍ | ‍ᠨᠣ‍ | Medial
‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩ | ‍ᠨᠠ | ‍ᠨᠢ | ‍ᠨᠣ | Final
Separated suffixes[note 3]

‑na, ‑ne | ‑nu, ‑nü | Transliteration
ᠨᠠ‍ |  ᠨᠤ‍ | Initial

* Transcribes Chakhar /n/;[10][11] Khalkha /n/, and /ŋ/.[12]: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter н.[6][5]
* Distinction from other tooth-shaped letters by position in syllable sequence.[citation needed]
* Dotted before a vowel (attached or separated); undotted before a consonant (syllable-final) or a whitespace.[2]: 20 [3]: 546 [13]: 6 [10] Final dotted n is also found in modern Mongolian words.[14]: 37 A dotted pre-consonantal variant can be used to clarify the spelling of n in words of foreign origin.[6]: 47–49
* Derived from Old Uyghur nun (𐽺).[3]: 539–540, 545–546 [15]: 111, 114 [14]: 35
* Produced with `N` using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.[16]
* In the Mongolian Unicode block, n comes after ē and before ng.

## Clear Script

[edit]

Look up ᠨ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Clear Script

## Xibe language

[edit]

Look up ᠨ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Xibe language § Alphabet

## Manchu language

[edit]

Look up ᠨ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Manchu alphabet

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Scholarly transliteration.[5]
2. ^ As in ᠨᠢ ni (нь ni), a modern form used in place of ᠠᠨᠤ anu 'their' and ᠢᠨᠤ inu 'his'.[8]: 46–47, 412, 577 [2]: 139
3. ^ Separated suffixes starting with the letter n include:  ᠨᠠᠷ ‑nar/‑ner or  ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ/ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ⟨?⟩ ‑nuɣud/‑nügüd (plural).[9]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
2. ^ a b c Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
3. ^ a b c Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
4. ^ Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
5. ^ a b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
6. ^ a b c Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
7. ^ "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
8. ^ Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.[7]
9. ^ "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.
10. ^ a b "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
11. ^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
12. ^ Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
13. ^ "A Study of Traditional Mongolian Script Encodings and Rendering: Use of Unicode in OpenType fonts" (PDF). COLIPS – Chinese and Oriental Languages Information Processing Society. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
14. ^ a b Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
15. ^ Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
16. ^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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