Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark

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Denmark made extensive use of narrow-gauge railways using a wide variety of gauges[1][2] for its industrial and agricultural sectors.[3][4]

For instance, 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in) gauge was used by The Danish Sugar Factories for the sugar beet railways roebane. Other industrial railways carried raw material and other freight such as sugarcane, calcium, limestone, chalk, metals, steel, wood, stone, clay, bricks, oil, timber, coal,[5] sand, gravel, peat[6] and meat.

## Industrial railways

[edit]

See also: History of rail transport in Denmark

The old railway bridge in Valby. A narrow gauge train under the railway bridge

Industrial railways included the following railways and gauges:

### 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)

[edit]

* About 350 kilometres (220 mi) of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge lines were constructed by ten companies, three on the island of Bornholm, Bornholm railways and Bornholms railway museum (Bornholms Jernbanemuseum), the rest in the peninsula of Jutland. Among these railway lines were the Skagen Line (converted to standard gauge in 1924), Amtsbanerne på Als, Apenrader Kreisbahn, Haderslebener Kreisbahn, Horsens-Tørring, Horsens-Bryrup and Kolding-Egtved and also Århus Tramways (Århus Sporveje) and Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum, Ringsted 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) and 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in).[7][8][9][10]

#### Bornholm Railways

[edit]

The Bornholm railways were all built as narrow gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) and were never converted to standard gauge. It was not relevant to sail goods wagons to and from Bornholm, and there was the advantage that you could take over equipment from other narrow-gauge railways that were converted to standard gauge, e.g. The Skagen railway in 1925. When the last county railways in Southern Jutland were closed down in 1939, the Bornholm railways were the only ones remaining in Denmark with narrow gauge.

* Rønne-Nexø Railway (RNJ)
* Nexøbanen Rønne H-Nexø (1900–1968), length 36.6 kilometres (22.7 mi)
* Aakirkeby-Almindingen (1901–1952), length 5.1 kilometres (3.2 mi)
* Rønne-Allinge Railway (RAJ)
* Allingebanen Rønne Nord-Allinge-Sandvig (1913–1953), length 31.0 kilometres (19.3 mi) including the1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi) Allinge Harbor Lines
* Alminding-Gudhjem Railway (AGJ)
* Gudhjembanen Almindingen-Gudhjem (1916–1952), length 18.2 kilometres (11.3 mi)

##### Shelved railway projects

[edit]

The Railway Act from 1918 contained two railways on Bornholm, which were not built:

* Nexø-Østermarie with the possibility of intermediate stations in Nørremark, Årsdale, Svaneke, Listed and Bølshavn[11]
* Gudhjem-Rø

Together with the Gudhjembanen and the Allingebanen, these two lines would have provided a continuous line along Bornholm's east and north-east coast between Nexø and Sandvig. However, the Railway Commission from 1923, which had to assess the projects of the 1918 Act, advised against building these lines.

##### Operation

[edit]

Construction work on the Nexøbanen began in 1899 under the direction of engineer Joachim Fagerlund, who became the line's first operations manager until 1929. He supplemented the line's architects by designing individual stations, a string of "chairmen's houses" with waiting room and dispatch and various smaller buildings and fixtures. In the 1930s, the three companies together transported 100,000 passengers annually.[citation needed] But the competition from the cars also led on Bornholm to the track's results getting worse and worse. The Nexøbanen survived after the other two lines were closed at the beginning of the 1950s, but by the mid-1960s the railbus equipment was wearing out. In 1965, Helge Vejrup replaced the track's long-time director C. Milner. Vejrup was on loan from DSB and took over the management of DSB's scheduled bus operation on Bornholm in 1968. At a general meeting in February 1968, it was decided that rail operation should cease that year. The last ordinary train on the last Bornholm railway ran from Rønne to Nexø on 28 September 1968 and returned as a special train from Nexø at 0.15.

One diesel locomotive from DBJ on Stormosebanen (SMJ). 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in).

* Stormosebanen, (Upper Smørum)-Smørumnedre, Smørum,[12] Egedal Municipality[13][14][15][16]

#### Voldbanen

[edit]

* Voldbanen 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) this track gauge was used here and 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in), 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) and standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was also been used here on this military railway.[17][18][19][20][21][22]

The former military railway narrow gauge and none railway tracks remains.

Gunpowder stations, army post and storage.

The gunpowder factory in Frederiksværk.[23][24]

### 940 mm (1+1⁄64 in)

[edit]

* A/S Frederiksholm Brickworks, Copenhagen, (3 feet 1 1/64 in).[25][26]

### 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in)

[edit]

* Great Belt Tunnel, used to transport the tunnel tubes during

the construction of the Great Belt Tunnel. This narrow gauge was also used for major construction works, 900 mm.[27][28][29][30][31]

* Cement factory Denmark, built in 1905. The cement factory was located at the current Eternit factory. Trace gauge 900 mm.
* The Danish Steel Rolling Mill[32][33][34][35]
* Petri & Haugsted, Copenhagen. Heusinger control.[36]
* Coal mining on Bornholm for Alex I. Hansen.[37]
* Finsensvej, Frederiksberg for Nielsen & Høst and Stürup & Prosch Jensen
* One train 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in)/700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in)[38]
* Klagshamns Cement factory no. 3 and one train converted from 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) to 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in).[39]

#### Reykjavík Harbour Railway

[edit]

See also: Rail transport in Iceland

The 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in) gauge Reykjavík Harbour Railway was operated by two steam locomotives built by the Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik of Germany. It carries oil from the quay at Örfisey to the city centre; meat for export from the Sláturfélag Suðurlands meat processing plant; Timber and aggregate for building construction; and coal from the harbour to local distributors. Minør and Pioner locomotive of the Reykjavík Harbour Railway.[40][41]

The railway system initially operated a network of around 10 km (6 mi) of track, from a quarry at Öskjuhlíð. It was used in 1926 for the construction of Landspítali, transporting cement and aggregate from the harbour and one of the quarries.

The final size of the network was approximately 12 km (7.5 mi). It was laid with 22.5 kg/m (45 lb/yd) rails. The steepest sections were 1:40 gradient and the tightest curves had a radius of 55 m (60 yd).

The last remains of railway track were dismantled in 1940–1945 after the British invasion of Iceland and Allied occupation of Iceland during the construction of Reykjavík Airport. Today none of the track remains.

#### Kárahnjúkar light railway

[edit]

See also: Rail transport in Iceland

The Kárahnjúkar light railway was a diesel-operated light railway was built in the early years of the 21st century, in connection with the construction of the Kárahnjúkar hydro-electric power project. The railway consisted of three trains, travelling around the clock, transporting people, concrete and other items to keep the drilling machines running.[42] The train sets consisted of white coloured locomotive and wagons, built by Schöma of Germany. The lifespan of the railway was limited to the construction period of the project, and it has now closed. Much of the equipment used was leased from Schoma Lokomotiven of Germany and returned there.

### 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)

[edit]

Västervik Y2R 1383/ IC3 train 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) and 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)

### 820 mm (2 ft 8+9⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Frederiksholms Tiglværker, Copenhagen.[43]

### 810 mm (7+57⁄64 in)

[edit]

* Lime transports for New Lime Kiln and Clay transports for Bloustrød Brickworks, (2 feet 7 57/64 in).[44]
* Blovstrød brickworks (New Kalkbrænderi) for Petersen & Frimodt.

1911–1926: Blovstrød brickworks for Frederiksholm brickworks- & lime works.[45]

### 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Water Works Agency, This gauge was used by industrial railways around Denmark, as well as by the Water Works Agency along the west coast of Jutland.
* Nørresundby Portland cement factory. In 1906, ØK[who?] built a portland cement factory in Nørresundby and laid a 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) gauge railway between the factory and the harbour. Fuel and gypsum were carried to the factory, and cement was sent to the harbour. The factory closed in 1932. A branch to a nearby chalk pit crossed Gl. Kongevej and Hjørringvej in tunnels. The factory was taken over by Aalborg Portland-Cement-Factory and closed in 1935. The chalk pit and part of the track were taken over by Nørresundby chalk work in 1935 and chalk was dug for several more years. The chalk works closed after 1954.[citation needed]
* The sulfuric acid factory in Nørresundby: the factory was built by ØK 1913–14, but taken over by Danish Sulfuric acid before opening. Approx. 500 m lane[clarification needed] for transporting potash from Nørresundby harbor to the factory. They had two steam locomotives and three motor tractors at their disposal. The gauge of the factory tracks was 785 mm, the same gauge as the cement factory. A large number of tipper trucks ran between the factory and the port. The harbor line was shared with the cement factory. During all the years at the factory, these small machines were used. They were built by Arnold Jung in 1914 and lasted until steam was phased out in 1975 at the factory. The two machines are preserved at Hedeland veteran railway. The factory also had standard-gauge industrial tracks as a side track from the Sæby Railway.
* Lindholm brickworks, Brickworks on Lufthavnsvej. Approx. 500 m track between factory and clay pit.
* Lundergaarde, Track from Gug lime factory, which was north of Sdr. Trandersvej down to Hadsundbanen. There was an automatic loading system so that lime could be poured directly into the railway carriages. It seems that the tipper line was closed around 1951, because at that time they sold approx. 2 km of rails and 1-2 engine locomotives. Remains of the impressive cargo facility can still be seen in the terrain. Today, no remains of the industrial railway between the chalk pit and the Hadsund Railway.
* Aalborg Harbor Railway Aalborg Havnebane [da] and Aalborg-Hadsund Railway Aalborg-Hadsund Jernbane [da] and Aalborg Private Railways Aalborg Privatbaner [da].
* Danish Sulfuric Acid and Superphosphate Factory[46]
* Aalborg Portland[47]
* Hedehusene Skærvefabrik A/S[48]
* Hoffmann & Sons. Heusinger control.[49]
* Overground and lignite driving at Fiskbæk Briketfabrik)[50]

### 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)

[edit]

See also: List of town tramway systems in Denmark

* Rømøbanen, Kongsmark – Lakolk (Rømø island). Horse powers, Horsecar 1899–1939.[51][52]
* Danish Sulfuric Acid and Superphosphate Factory, Nørresundby.[53]
* The contractors Christian & M. C. Jørgensen, Ulstrup. Heusinger control.[54]
* Rail transport from Skagen Nordstrand to construction of Skagen Havn for Gunnerson & Elzelingen.[55]

### 720 mm (4+11⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Frederiksholms Tiglværker, Copenhagen (820 mm). 820 mm (2 ft 8+9⁄32 in) 1919: Clay transport at Bloustrød Tile Works for various owners, 2 feet 4 11/32.[56]

### 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in)

[edit]

* The Danish Sugar Corporation used 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in) gauge railways to transport juice from sugar beets from purpose-built "juice stations" to the sugar factories in towns such as Nakskov, Lolland, Maribo, Lolland, Holeby, Lolland, Stege, Odense, Funen, Sakskøbing, Nykøbing Falster, Falster, Assens and Funen. Around 660 kilometres (410 mi) of sugar lines existed in 1941 and of which were closed in the 1960s. A few locomotives survived at Bloustrød-banen, and one locomotive was on static display at Assens park until the mid-1990s. Several towns on the Danish islands have had sugar factories. There have been four factories in Lolland alone. In total, there were nine beet sugar factories in Denmark.[57]
* Assens Sugar Factory (1884–2006) Assens Sukkerfabrik [da]
* Gørlev Sugar Factory (1912–2000)
* Højbygaard Sugar Factory (1873–1960)
* Maribo Sugar Factory (1897–1962)
* Nakskov Sugar Factory (1882– )
* Nykøbing sugar factory (1884– ) Nakskov Sukkerfabrik [da]
* Odense Sugar Factory (1873–1970)
* Sakskøbing Sugar Factory (1910–1991)
* Stege Sugar Factory (1884–1989) Stege Sukkerfabrik [da]

Sakskøbing Sugar Factory train.

The raw materials were often transported on narrow-gauge railways, so-called beet railways, from the field to the factory.[58][59] In order to shorten the transport route, some of the sugar factories had associated so-called juice stations, i.e. processing plants that were closer to the cultivated fields. Here, the beet sap was pressed out and then taken in pipelines to the factories. The sugar factories in Stege and Nakskov thus at one time each had five juice stations attached, Assens Sugar Factory had four, and Maribo Sugar Factory had a single juice station located in Stokkemarke. The first Danish beet sugar factory was Højbygaard Sugar Factory in Holeby on Lolland, which was founded in 1872. The factory's last beet campaign was in 1960, after which the buildings were converted into a paper factory. In 2007, the old sugar factory was named one of Denmark's 25 industrial monuments by the Cultural Heritage Agency.[60] Danish Virgin Islands, Danish West Indies sugar plantation and factory narrow railways.[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] There has also been state-supported sugar production based on sugar cane in the Danish West Indies, where the plantations were staffed by slaves.[72] Production today. In Denmark, there are currently approximately 750 farmers who are members of the Danish Sugar Beet Growers Association. They cultivate approximately 33,000 hectares of sugar beet, which results in a production of 2+1⁄2 million tons of beet. From this, 400-450,000 tons of sugar can be produced annually.[73] The beets are delivered to the two remaining Danish factories, Nykøbing Falster Sukkerfabrik and Nakskov Sukkerfabrik, which each produce around 200,000 tons per year,[74][75] Both factories are operated by Nordic Sugars, and were fired with 100 MW of heat from coal and oil, which emitted 160–180 thousand tons of CO2 per year.[76][77][78] Danisco owned them until 2009, when the sugar division was purchased by German Nordzucker, who named this newly acquired company Nordic Sugars.[79][80] Nordic Sugar. The factories' residual waste (pulp and mash) is used to a lesser extent in biogasplants.[81][82]

* Store Vildmose railway at Store Vildmose-Vildmosemuseet don't exist anymore, only a few materials and only one train remains for preservation on Hedeland veteran railway, (Hedelands Veteranjernbane). Store Vildmose and Lille Vildmose, now a nature reserve a part of Store Vildmose-Natura 2000-area near Vildmosegaard. The railroad was dismantled in 2012, but a 0,4 km museum railway has been established at the Lille Vildmose Museum Center ("Vildmosecenteret")-Vildmosemuseet, Lille Vildmosecentret.
* Kinnerup mergelleje, Hjallerup and the surrounding area's Mergelselskab built this track with support from Hedeselskabet. The locomotive was supplied by Hedeselskabet and was a converted Ford car used before and after at other marl deposits. The line was built in 1930 and closed in 1936. The line ran from Kinneruplejet up to Uggerhalne station, where the marl could be loaded into railcars on the Vodskov – Østervraa railway.
* The peat track around Tylstrup. In the years 1917–22 and 1940–48, the Aalborgense cement factories operated a peat railway with a 700 mm gauge from Tylstrup station to Store Vildmose. :During the First and Second World Wars, narrow-gauge peat tracks were laid out into the wild bog from Tylstrup station. The peats were reloaded at Tylstrup station onto the railway wagons and transported by rail from here to gas plants and electricity plants in Aalborg-Nørresundby. During both wars, the railway facilities had their starting point in Vildmosen and their end point on the east side of Tylstrup station, and both were led under the tracks of the state railway in the same place south of Tylstrup.

Portland Cement A/S acquired in the years 1907–29 10 Krauss steam locomotives, all 785mm gauge; and it must be assumed that some of these locomotives have been used here, although the gauge does not match. The track course was largely the same except that the 1917 version aimed north-west towards the north of Toften and the 1940 version more directly east towards the Damfennerne. There was considerable track construction in the bog; a large part of the collecting tracks were transportable tracks and were used as movable marl tracks after the end of the First War. At both facilities there was a track connection to the engine house in Toughton, where there were workshop, repair and depot facilities. A crossing station was built south of Gammel Vrå, where a permanent track guard changed tracks and set a signal so that inbound and outbound trains could pass each other here. In the summer of 1917 there were approx. 50 men employed on an area as large as 100 td. country, and already at the end of July the first load of peat could be driven to a storage area west of the station in Tylstrup. In the autumn of 1917, DSB gave permission to make an underpass under the track in wood and the peat could now be driven directly to the loading track. After the track to the loading road was established, it was possible to load directly into railway wagons, which made the work more efficient, but since there were 12 mill. peat in the bog and there was great demand and therefore a bypass track for the peat track and a 60 m long loading ramp, 2 m wide and 1 m high were quickly made. The tipping wagons could now tip peat directly into railway wagons, which increased capacity significantly. From the opening of the line in 1917 to the end of May 1920, up to 1,000 railway wagons were loaded, but in 1920 coal prices had fallen so much that the peat digging was no longer economical, and it stopped.
Immediately after the peat track was led to the ramp, the transports picked up speed, and it was not long before the ramp had to be expanded to 2 tip tracks and a loading track on its other side had to be constructed. The loading capacity was thereby doubled and in the period from 1 August 1940 to 31 December 1941, 4338 railway wagons were loaded with peat at the station and Peat unloading at Tylstrup station during the Second World War. Apparently the peats were unloaded next to the DSB wagons and from there loaded into the goods wagons. Despite the large number of loaded wagons, the marshalling was done with the help of horses. The track's traction and stock were small steam locomotives with prairie chimneys with spark arrestors. In 1948 it was over: in 1949-50, the tracks were taken up and the facilities looped. The viaduct under the track was still there until new tracks were added on the Vensysselbanen around 2010. During this renovation, the bridge was removed. Tylstrup station has been demolished, together with the sidings there, and along the east side of the track there is a long strip of peace forest where the track was, and there is no trace of where the track may have gone into the bog. MR trains run over the bridge here in 2005. In connection with the track renewal on the section in 2012, the underpass is filled up and can no longer be seen in the landscape.[83]

* Assens sugar factory[84][85][86]
* Ruds Vedby brick works (Ruds Vedby Teglværk)
* The Danish Heating Society.
* Sjelle Mergelselskab.[87]
* Peat transport for the Andelstørveværket in Vejen Mose for manufacturer Svenning, Vejen[88][89]
* Lignite transports for the United Lignite Beds in Snejbjerg[90]
* Svendstrup Brickworks[91]
* Stenkjær Brickworks & peat transport from Boest Mose to Nr. Snede Brickworks.[92]
* Sdr Felding Brown coal lease for Brøchner-Larsen and Th. Andersen.[93]
* Surface and lignite transports for Carl Jensen in Ahler Lignite for Fiskbæk Briketfabrik.[94]
* Peat transport for Viggo Berg for Vorbasse Østermose Peat Factory.[95][96]
* Marl transport from St. Fjestervang Mergelleje for Vorgod-Fjestervang Mergelselskab.[97]
* Agent Chr. Petersen in Maribo to Roebaneselskabet Abed - Vilhelmshøj - Stokkemarke. Boiler pressure 12 atm. At one point named Ellen and Beet transport for the Abed - Vilhelmshøj - Stokkemarke beet company, Maribo.[98][99][100]
* Peat driving for A/S Fugdal Peat Factory.[101]
* Overground transport in Rindum Marl for West Jutland's Marl supply.[102]
* Rødovre for the construction company Stürup & V. Prosch-Jensen.[103]
* Peat transport at Ellingværket for Engesvang Peat factories for Ernst & Jensen.[104]

### 682 mm (2+27⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Aalborg sulfuric acid factory Danish sulfuric - & Superphosphate factory A/S at the port of Aalborg. Production from 1930 to 195?, Locomotives from Pedershåb.[105]

### 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)

[edit]

[106][107]

* Hvorupgaard brickworks (Hvorupgaard teglværk). Built before 1908, on the west side of the DSB line between Nørresundby and Brønderslev. In 1925, a track was laid in a tunnel under the DSB to a clay pit east of the track. The plant closed in the 60s. 600 mm track gauge.
* Nr. Uttrup brickworks at Nørre Uttrup, Approx. 500 metres (0.31 mi) track from clay pit east of the factory to brickworks. Track closed around 1969 due to the construction of a motorway between the factory and the clay pit. Replaced by bridge over motorway. 600 mm track gauge.
* Aalborg Municipality's renovation works, Aalborg Municipality. Dano incineration plant built in 1952 and closed in connection with the closure of the factory in the early 70s and construction of Reno Nord. The line ran between the renovation works and the current Østeraadal, via a bridge over the Østeraa. In the northern part of Østeraadalen, the forest is planted on incineration waste from the waste disposal factory and brought out via the narrow-gauge railway. Locomotives from Pedershåb. 600 mm track gauge.
* Ringsted brickworks (Ringsted teglværk). 600 mm track gauge.
* The Water Works Agency (Vandbygningsvæsenet) (VBV), Thyborøn.
* Moselauget, Moselundgård's bog (Moselundgårds mose) at Bølling lake
* Esbjerg Municipality's Renovation Facility[108]
* Sigersted Brickworks (Sigersted Teglværk)[109]
* Skrydstrup airport[110]
* Danish Contractor Equipment[111]
* Product dealer Løvgren, Tønder.[112]
* Defense forces in Denmark.[113]
* Christensen & Pretzmann.[114]
* Peat transport for Filskov Peat factory.[115]
* Peat transport for Peat factory Phønix.[116]
* Rail transport from Skagen Nordstrand to construction of Skagen Havn for Gunnerson & Elzelingen.[117]

#### Greenland

[edit]

See also: Transport in Greenland

* The Qoornoq X-press in the village of Qoornoq in the Nuuk fjord was used for transporting fish from the harbour to scaffolds for drying. The railway cars were only. flatbed wagon cars with no locomotives to move them. Hand-worked flatbed wagon cars were used. Built in 1955, the railway was abandoned shortly before the village, around 1971. 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in).[118][119][120][121][122][123][124]
* Cryolite quarry Ivigtut, Greenland.[125][126][127]

#### Iceland

[edit]

See also: Rail transport in Iceland

* Korpúlfsstaðir farm railway, Korpúlfsstaðir was one of the first industrial farms in Iceland. Built in 1930 by Icelandic industrialist Thor Jensen, it was located on the outskirts of Reykjavík, on the Þingvellir road. The farm was equipped with a 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) narrow-gauge railway network, allowing the transportation of goods and materials around the farm site. The rolling stock consisted chiefly of four-wheel skip wagons. There were no operational locomotives during either documented visit to the railway (in 1984 and 1993),[128] and trains were shunted by hand, by the farm's staff. It is not known whether the railway was originally equipped with locomotives. Korpúlfsstaðir Farm has now closed and the site has been developed as a golf course and an elementary school, incorporating most of the original farm buildings. There is no surviving part of this railway network.

### 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in)

[edit]

M23 from Rørdal cement factory

* Rørdal cement factory, Aalborg Portland – Cement – Factory A/S – Cement-factory in Rørdal The cement factory Rørdal, both 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in) and 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) gauge have been used on this cement factory.[129] Second narrowest used on Danish industrial tracks, i.a.[clarification needed] at the cement factory Rørdal in Aalborg. Already from the opening in 1891, there were tracks on the factory premises, and they seem to have been tracks of 500 mm gauge. This gauge also existed in 1969. Originally 500 mm tracks with horses, from 1907 several electric lines to pits. From the 20s also 785 mm tracks, just as the track for the chalk pit was rebuilt to 785 mm with 500 V direct current. Until 1945, the track network grew, after which it fell to approx. 30 km in 1965 and approx. 20 km in 1970. The area was also traversed[clarification needed] to an equally infiltrating degree[clarification needed] by 785 mm gauge tracks. This track system once went all the way to the filling station in the east, but ended in 1970 at the sewage works approx. 800 m east of the factory itself. In the vicinity there were countless track cuts[clarification needed] and other track curiosities. There were dual gauge tracks (785/500 and 785/1435 mm), but not all three gauges combined under one. During the Second World War, a more extensive 785 mm track network existed, as a larger track network was laid for the huge peat storage areas. The standard gauge harbor track to Rørdal airfield also branched off from the track in the Rørdal area and continued as a defense track[clarification needed] towards the island-lake[clarification needed]. :During the years 1907-29 Portland Cement A/S acquired at least 10 Krauss steam locomotives with gauge 785 mm. More have been used at the factory in Rørdal. All these machines were of the 0-4-0T wheel arrangement and Electric locomotive in the chalk pit in the 1920s.[clarification needed] In 1970, the 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in) gauge tracks were removed. The 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) gauge tracks are preserved as a point-to-point track until the mid-70s. The rails for this come from the Sæbyrailway, whose stock of rails etc. was bought by Rørdal. It was a considerable track area[clarification needed][length??] the factory had in 1965, it was approx. 30 km and in August 1969 approx. 20 km. At the same time, 33 locomotives were ready for operation.
* Danish Cooperative cement factory, The factory was located on the site of the current Siemens quay in Nørresundby. Docks and a single silo can still be seen. DAC's harbor in Nørresundby 1931.[clarification needed][This sentence needs a verb! Is this supposed to be a caption for an image; if so please supply the image.] Coal is unloaded at the quay on the right, an accumulator locomotive used on the 500 mm track. The barrels on the left are presumably cement barrels. 3 separate track systems in clay pit, chalk pit and factory with port. Graves and factory were connected by conveyor belts. DAC has not been associated with dump trucks for graves. There were dump trucks in the chalk pit and the first clay pit, but not to the factory. Air bridge for chalk and a channel with natural run for clay. Later replaced by ribbons for chalk and trucks for clay. 3 separate track systems in clay pit, chalk pit and factory with port. The factory also had normal gauge sidings from Nørresundby station.

### 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in) and 310 mm (1+13⁄64 in)

[edit]

* Sugar factory, Sakskøbing.[130] 310 mm (1+13⁄64 in) This gauge was used at the sugar factory in Sakskøbing for internal transport and 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in) and 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in), 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in), and standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) has also been used at the sugar factory of the Danish Sugar Corporation.

O&K locomotive N° 11420 made in July 1927, 90 hp, 700 mm gauge, C1t, Sakskøbing Sukkerfabrik N° B2, preserved at Blovstrødbanen, Hilleröd, Denmark ex Dansk Jernbane-Klub, Maribo CRJ 111-17. Sakskøbing Sugar Factory train.

### Faxe Jernbane, gauge unclear

[edit]

The Faxe Railway Faxe Jernbane [da], 6.5 km (4.0 mi) long, was built in 1864 for the transportation of limestone.

Faxe Railway in Faxe Ladeplads (Fakse Ladeplads) in 1973. Lime freight train Schöma diesel locomotive FJ 8 at the harbor in Faxe Ladeplads (Fakse Ladeplads).[131]

The limestone quarry at Faxe has been known since the Middle Ages. From olden times it was owned by the surrounding estates and their tenant farmers had to drive a certain number of wagonloads of limestone per year. year by horse-drawn carriage to the place of shipment. Later, the limestone quarry owners themselves took over this transport, but the difficult horse transport on bad roads made it difficult to meet the increasing demand for limestone. In 1863, Lieutenant C. F. Garde was therefore given permission, at his own expense, to construct and operate a 2+1⁄2 foot (785 mm) wide rail road for the transport of limestone from the quarry to the loading yard at the beach – a stretch of 6.5 kilometres. The track was ready the following year and functioned in such a way that, due to the difference in height, the loaded wagons themselves rolled down to the loading area, after which the empty wagons were pulled back to the quarry by horses that had been driven down to the loading area in special horse (railway) wagons 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in).[132] There is confusion about the track gauge used as various sources mention a track gauge of 791 mm (2 ft 7+5⁄32 in), but some Krauss steam locomotives delivered in 1927 had the gauge of 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in). Two Schöma locomotives delivered in 1970 had the gauge of 791 mm and standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), Dual gauge. The railway is now closed.[133]

#### Faxe freight trains

[edit]

[134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141]

Freight train, Fakse (Faxe). Work train between Faxe Ladeplads (Fakse Ladeplads) and Stubberup, FJ 5 (Faxe5)[142][143][144][145]

#### Steam locomotives

[edit]

[146][147][148][149][150][151][152]

FJ V[153] at Hedehusgård Station, FJ V steam locomotive from Faxe Railway at Hedeland Railway

#### Railbuses

[edit]

ØSJS Railbus

### Nørrebro

[edit]

The former Railway crossing at Tantzausgade where the Nørrebro cycling route now runs, in Copenhagen, Denmark. The church is Brorson's Church while the Building to the left is located at the corner of Hans Egedes Vej.

### Skælskør

[edit]

Skælskør Station

Skælskør Station in Denmark. The station was the endpoint of the Railway from Dalmose and was served by passenger trains 1892–1950. It was served by freight train until 1975 and after that by heritage trains and trams until 2011. The tracks was removed in 2011.

### US Virgin Islands, Danish Virgin Islands, Danish West Indies

[edit]

See also: Danish West Indies and History of the United States Virgin Islands

* Creque Marine Railway, Hassel Island, U.S. Virgin Islands[154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164]

See also: Annaberg Historic District; Brown Bay, U.S. Virgin Islands; Catherineberg Sugar Mill Ruins; Cinnamon Bay Plantation; Coakley Bay Estate; Estate Carolina Sugar Plantation; Estate Grove Place; Estate Hogansborg; Estate Judith's Fancy; Estate Little Princess; Estate Saint George Historic District; Estate Rust Op Twist; Lameshur Plantation; Mafolie Great House; Mary Point Estate; Reef Bay Sugar Factory Historic District; Sion Hill, U.S. Virgin Islands; Sugar production in the Danish West Indies; Tutu Plantation House; and Whim (United States Virgin Islands)

* Danish Virgin Islands, Danish West Indies sugar plantation and factory narrow railways.[165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175]
* There has also been state-supported sugar production based on sugar cane in the Danish West Indies, where the plantations were staffed by slaves.[176]

Workers in Danish West Indies with sugar canes

### Southern Jutland, Northern Schleswig

[edit]

* Apenrader Kreisbahn; 86 km, closed (reunited with Denmark in 1920)
* Haderslebener Kreisbahn; 18,5 km, closed (reunited with Denmark in 1920).
* Kreisbahn auf Alsen (Danish: Amtsbanerne på Als); 19 km, converted to standard gauge in 1933 (reunited with Denmark in 1920).

### Active industrial railways

[edit]

Industrial railways: peat, fish, timber, coconut waste, plant waste, sphagnum, wood, plants, calcium, limestone, chalk, coal, lignite, stone coal, brown coal, clay, sand, gravel, stone and other industrial railways remain as well.

* Østerbygård Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[177][178][179][180]
* Fuglsø mose is an active industrial railway.[181][182]
* Pindstrup Mosebrug A/S is an active industrial railway in Pindstrup.[183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192]
* Lille Vildmose is an active industrial railway.
* Store Vildmose is an active industrial railway.[193]
* The former Boesdal Kalkbrud and Holtug Kridtbrud, Stevns Kridtbrud (Stevns Kalkbrud) is an active industrial railway.[194][195]
* Gelsbro Fiskeri is an active industrial railway.[196][197][198][199]
* Hastrup Mørtel- & Singelsværk is an active industrial railway.[200][201]
* Hulkær Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[202]
* Hvilestedgård Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[203]
* Karlsgårde Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[204]
* Langelund Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[205]
* Møborg Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[206]
* Præstkær Fiskeri is an active industrial railway.[207]
* Uhre Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[208]
* Ådal Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[209][210]
* Vester Åstrup Dambrug is an active industrial railway.[211]
* Copenhagen Energy (Københavns Energi), Copenhagen[212][213]
* Hofor, Copenhagen, Christianshavn and Frederiksberg, Dragør and Tårnby[214][215]
* CTR Centralkommunernes Transmissionsselskab I/S, Frederiksberg[216][217]
* Hydrema[218][219][220]
* Ørbyhage Casting sand bed (Ørbyhage Støbesandsleje)[221][222]
* Hastrup Mortar and Shingle Works (Hastrup Mørtel- og Singelsværk)[223][224][225][226]

#### The Faroe Islands, Kingdom of Denmark, The Danish Commonwealth

[edit]

See also: Transport in the Faroe Islands

##### 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)

[edit]

* Three locomotives from Højgaard & Schultz, Copenhagen. In operation in the Faroe Islands.[227][228][229]

##### 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)

[edit]

* Gjógv incline railway, Gjógv 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge.

Track, wagon, and winch house of the Gjógv incline railway

## Amusement park railways

[edit]

[230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239]

* Ree Park – America Expresses, Ree Park, Ebeltoft Safari, Ree Park – Ebeltoft Safari, Ebeltoft, Djursland, Syddjurs, 311 mm (1+1⁄4 in).[240][241][242][243][244]
* Fårup Railways, Fårup Summer Park (Fårup Sommerland), Fårup, Jammerbugt, 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) and 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in).[245][246][247]
* Sommerland Sjælland, Nørre Asmindrup, Odsherred, Odsherred Municipality, 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in).[248][249][250][251][252][253][254]
* Legoland, Legoland Billund Resort, Billund, Billund Municipality.
* Djurs Sommerland, Nimtofte, Djursland, Syddjurs.[255][256]
* Dyrehavsbakken, Klampenborg, Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality.
* Tivoli Gardens, Copenhagen, Copenhagen Municipality.
* Tivoli Friheden, Aarhus, Aarhus Municipality.
* BonBon-Land, Holme-Olstrup, Næstved, Næstved Municipality
* Joboland, Svaneke, Bornholm, Bornholm Region Minicipality, Capital Region of Denmark
* Universe (Danish amusement park) Universe (formerly Danfoss Universe), Als (island), South Denmark Region, Sønderborg, Sønderborg Municipality

Former amusement parks:

* Damhus Tivoli (1930’s–2013/2016)[257][258]
* Fun Park Fyn, Aarup (1980–2006)
* Karolinelund (1946–2010)
* Sommerland Syd, Tinglev (1984–2012)
* Velling Koller Fairytale Gardens, Brørup (1962–1980s) – now used as a camping site

## Preserved narrow gauge railways

[edit]

Heritage railways. Subsequently, operation of the Grindstedbanen was suspended. Danish railway clubs Dansk Jernbane-Klub [da], Danish museum Jernbanemuseum [da] and preserved railways Veteranbane [da] and Denmark Railway Museum Danmarks Jernbanemuseum [da].

### 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) and 791 mm (2 ft 7+5⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Hjerl Hede Frilandsmuseum Frilandsmuseet Hjerl Hede [da], steam operated peat railway in an open-air museum. 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in) and 791 mm (2 ft 7+5⁄32 in) used here at this railway.

### 765 mm (2 ft 6+1⁄8 in)

[edit]

* Fur Bryghus, Fur Bryghus [da]/ Fur Museum, Nederby (Fur), Fur (island)[259][260][261][262]

### 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in)

[edit]

RVT 1 at Blovstrød Station 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in)

* Hedeland Vintage Railway (HVB), (IBK), (Hedeland veteran jernbane, Hedelands Veteranbane) Hedelands Veteranbane [da],[263][264][265] Hedeland, Hedehusene, Taastrup, Høje Taastrup, Høje-Taastrup Municipality is a 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) long steam operated in a country park around gravel quarries. The Brandhøjbanen miniature railway Brandhøjbanen [da] is also present.

An train at Brandhøj Station, Hedeland

* Lille Vildmose, 8 km in a former peat extraction area, now a nature reserve a part of Store Vildmose-Natura 2000-area near Vildmosegaard. The railroad was dismantled in 2012, but a 0,4 km museum railway has been established at the Lille Vildmose Museum Center ("Vildmosecenteret") Lille Vildmose-Lille Vildmose Museum Center, Lille Vildmosecentret.[266]
* Store Vildmose railway Store Vildmose at Store Vildmose-Vildmosemuseet doesn't exist anymore, only a few materials and only one train remains for preservation on Hedeland veteran railway, (Hedelands Veteranjernbane).[267][268][269][270][271]
* Danish Railway Club[272][273]

### 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)

[edit]

* Mosebrugsbanen, Stenvad Mosebrug (Stenvad Mosebrugscenter) Stenvad (Norddjurs Kommune) [da], peat museum railway 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) at a peat museum in Stenvad, Vinderup.[274]
* Bunkermuseum Hanstholm museum Bunkermuseum Hanstholm [da], MuseumsCenter Hanstholm, 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) on a former ammunition railway. Featured in the film The Olsen Gang in Jutland[275][276][277][278]

Hanstholm Bunker museum

* Engesvang Sogns Tørve- & Egnsmuseum [279]
* Cathrinesminde Teglværk[280]
* Denmarks technical Museum[281][282][283][284][285]
* Danish Motor and Machine Collection[286][287]
* Lilleskov Teglværk[288][289][290][291][292][293]
* Moselauget[294][295]
* Eventyrhaven, Sorø, Sorø Municipality[296][297][298]

### 550 mm (21+21⁄32 in)

[edit]

* Mønsted Kalkgruber Mønsted Kalkgruber [da], in a former limestone quarry at Mønsted. Also Daugbjerg Kalkgruber Daugbjerg Kalkgruber [da], Tingbæk Kalkgruber and Thingbæk Kalkminer Thingbæk Kalkminer [da].

## Private railways

[edit]

### 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)

[edit]

* Hofor, Copenhagen, Christianshavn and Frederiksberg, Dragør and Tårnby[299][300]

### 800 mm (2 ft 7+1⁄2 in)

[edit]

* Private Railway Hydrema[301][302][303]

### 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in)

[edit]

The tram stop Flemmingsminde at the tramway museum Sporvejsmuseet Skjoldenæsholm in Denmark. The shelter was originally placed at Vester Kirkegård in Copenhagen. It is now used for a little exhibition about the railway Midtbanen (1925 - 1936). The tracks of the museum are placed on the tracé of the former railway.

* Stormosebanen (SMJ), (Upper Smørum)-Smørumnedre, Smørum,[304] Egedal Municipality[305][306][307][308]
* Private Railway Hedeland[309][310]

### 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in)

[edit]

* Private Railway Brønshøj[311][312]
* Private Railway Hoby[313][314]

### 650 mm (2+119⁄32in)

[edit]

* Private Railway[315][316]

### 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)

[edit]

* Copenhagen Energy (Københavns Energi), Copenhagen, Copenhagen Municipality[317]
* CTR Centralkommunernes Transmissionsselskab I/S, Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg Municipality[318][319]
* Egemose Centret at Egemosen, Ganløse, Egedal Municipality[320][321][322][323][324]
* Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik, One diesel train from Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik at Egemose Centret at Egemosen.
* Funder Nr.Hede Banen at Funder Radiomuseum, Funder, Funder Sogn [da], Silkeborg, Silkeborg Municipality[325][326][327][328][329]
* Private Railway, Ølstykke-Stenløse, Egedal Municipality[330][331]
* Eventyrhaven, Sorø, Sorø Municipality[332][333][334]
* Private Railway, Hedehusene, Høje-Taastrup Municipality[335][336]
* Private Railway, Give, Vejle Municipality[337][338]
* Private Railway The Mid-Zealand[339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347]
* Private Railway Zealand[348][349]
* Private Railway Hedeland[350][351]
* Private Railway[352]
* Private Railway Hedehusene[353][354][355][356][357][358]
* Private Railway Mørkøv[359]
* Private Railway Roskilde[360]
* Private Railway Aalborg[361][362][363][364][365][366]
* Private Railway Søddinge Friskole[367][368][369][370]
* Private Railway Stenløse[371][372][373][374]
* Private Railway[375]
* Private Railway Jutland[376][377]
* Ørbyhage Casting sand bed (Ørbyhage Støbesandsleje)[378][379]
* Hastrup Mortar and Shingle Works (Hastrup Mørtel- og Singelsværk)[380][381][382][383]

## Minimum and ridable miniature railways

[edit]

### 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in)

[edit]

* Sugar factory, Sakskøbing.[384] 700 mm (2 ft 3+9⁄16 in), 785 mm (2 ft 6+29⁄32 in), and standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) has also been used here at the sugar factory of The Danish Sugar Corporation.

#### 310 mm (1+13⁄64 in)

[edit]

This gauge was used at the sugar factory in Sakskøbing for internal transport.

### 145 mm 5+45⁄64

[edit]

Brandhøjbanen, at Hedeland veteran railway, Hedeland, Hedehusene, Høje-Taastrup. Mixed gauge: 5 in (127 mm), 5+7⁄10 in (145 mm), 5+45⁄64 in (145 mm) and 7+1⁄4 in (184 mm) gauges are all in use on this model-miniature railway.,[385][386] there is also one at Denmark’s railway museum in Odense,[387][388][389] one at the Tramway Museum Skjoldenæsholm, Jystrup, Ringsted[390] and many other model-miniature railways in Denmark[391][392][393][394] and Model lane Europe, Hadsten, Favrskov[395] and many others.[396][397][398][399]

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128. ^ A full report of the 1984 visit may be found about half way through this article on Narrow Gauge Heaven.
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228. ^ https://www.jernbanen.dk/materiel.php?bid=19848
229. ^ https://www.jernbanen.dk/materiel.php?bid=19847
230. ^ https://arkiv.dk/vis/4167626
231. ^ https://tommytelt.dk/produkt/leje-af-tog-16-personer/
232. ^ https://festjyden.dk/product/santa-fee-express/
233. ^ https://www.herningfolkeblad.dk/artikel/e419c080-1d84-4706-b52c-c2f30b8e7422/
234. ^ https://skandinavisk-tivoli-park.dk/billeder.html
235. ^ https://da.jsfamilyrides.com/forlystelsespark-tog-til-salg/
236. ^ https://www.danlej.dk/korende-aktiviteter
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268. ^ Kiersgaard, Vibeke Noergaard (3 September 2021). "Klynevogn fra Pindstrup Mosebrug". Kongerslev9293.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 5 September 2024.
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271. ^ "Store Vildmose -- Ca. 1928. - Jernbanehistorisk forum". www.jernbanen.dk. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
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399. ^ https://www.spor1east.dk/sidste-dag-paa-danmarks-stoerste-digitale-styredede-havebane/

A visitor's guide to Scandinavian (Nordic) narrow-gauge railways

* v
* t
* e

Narrow-gauge railways in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Dependencies and
other entities|

* Åland
* Faroe Islands
* Gibraltar
* Guernsey
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Svalbard

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