National Aerospace Laboratories

Aerospace research company in India

This article is about the Indian institution. For other uses, see National Aerospace Laboratory.

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National Aerospace Laboratories

Established| 1 June 1959 (1 June 1959)

Field of research

| Aerospace
Director| Abhay Pashilkar
Location| Bangalore, India

Operating agency

| CSIR
Website| nal.res.in

The National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) is India's first and largest aerospace research company established by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in Delhi in 1959. The company closely operates with HAL, DRDO, and ISRO and has the primary responsibility of developing civilian aircraft in India. It concentrates on research in advanced topics in aerospace and related disciplines.

Based in Bengaluru, the NAL employs a staff of about 2500 people.

NAL is equipped with the Nilakantan Wind tunnel Centre and a computerized fatigue test facility company. NAL also has facilities for investigating failures and accidents in the aerospace engineering domain.

## History

[edit]

On 1 June 1959, the National Aeronautical Research Laboratory (NARL) was set up in Delhi, with P Nilakantan as its first director. In March of 1960, it set up an office in the stables of the Palace of Maharaja of Mysore in the Indian state of Karnataka, on Jayamahal Road, Bangalore, as the National Aeronautical Laboratory (NAL). The first Executive Council was chaired by J. R. D. Tata. Its members included Satish Dhawan and the designer V M Ghatage. Originally started as the National Aeronautical Laboratory, it was renamed National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) in April 1993. The renaming aimed to reflect its growing involvement in the Indian space program and its multidisciplinary activities.

### Flosolver

[edit]

Flosolver was a series of Indian supercomputers designed and assembled by the NAL.[1][2][3] Work began on the initial computer in 1986 to help with computational fluid dynamics.[1]

## Current Projects

[edit]

### RTA-70 (Indian Regional Jet)

[edit]

The HAL/NAL Regional Transport Aircraft (RTA) or Indian Regional Jet (IRJ) is a regional airliner being designed by National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) and to be manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). The aircraft is planned to be a turboprop or a jet with 80–100 passengers capacity. Its basic version will have 70–90 seats (RTA-70)[4][5]

The 90-seater variant of the aircraft is being designed as of 2021 and is expected to enter service in 2026.[6]

## Products

[edit]

### Aircraft

[edit]

* NAL HANSA \- Light-weight Trainer Aircraft

The maiden flight of CSIR-NAL's light trainer aircraft, now called Hansa, took place on 17 November 1993. The aircraft is an ab-initio two-seat, all-composite aircraft, certified by the DGCA in the year 2000 under JAR-VLA certification. DGCA has promoted the use of the Hansa-3 by various flying clubs; a total of fourteen aircraft are in operation. Thirteen aircraft are currently operational in India. Ten of these are with various flying clubs, and one is with IIT-Kanpur.

* NAL/HAL SARAS \- Multirole light transport aircraft

SARAS had its maiden flight on 29 May 2004. The aircraft took off at 08:15 and flew for about 25 minutes. SARAS is the first civilian aircraft designed and developed in India. Two prototypes have been built and flown (176 flights) by ASTE (IAF) flight crew. The third prototype aircraft (production standard) is under production at CSIR-NAL. Features include composite wing VERITy (Vacuum Enhanced Resin Infusion Technology), empennage, rear pressure bulkhead, front fuselage top skin, and control surfaces. The aircraft will be equipped with an all-glass cockpit, including EICAS and 3-axis autopilot (limited authority). It will be powered by 2x1200 SHP turboprop PT6A-67A engines (Pratt & Whitney) driving 5-blade MT-Propellers. SARAS is capable of flying up to 30,000ft (cabin altitude 8,000ft) and is capable of operation from short runways. Certification is in progress by CEMILAC and is to be completed by 2013. SARAS has been designed for many roles, including executive transport, light package carrier, remote sensing, air ambulance, etc.

The first flight of C-NM5 on 1 September 2011.

* NAL NM5 \- Five Seater - General Aviation Aircraft

C-NM5 is the country's first public-private partnership (PPP) for the development of civil transport aircraft in collaboration with M/s Mahindra Aerospace Pvt Ltd (MAPL). On 1 September 2011, a milestone event for India's first public-private partnership in aircraft development and a bold dream became reality; C-NM5, designed & developed jointly by CSIR-NAL & Mahindra Aerospace, successfully undertook its first flight in Australia. C-NM5 is powered by a 300 HP piston engine driving a 3-blade propeller cruising at a speed of 160 knots with a maximum AUW (All Up Weight) of 1525 kg; a glass cockpit is a customer option. It is an ideal aircraft for air taxis, air ambulances, training, tourism, and cargo.

### Unmanned aerial vehicles

[edit]

* NAL / ADE Black Kite
* NAL / ADE Golden Hawk
* NAL / ADE Pushpak

### Superalloy

[edit]

GTM-900, an alpha-beta titanium alloy, was developed by Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory in collaboration with NAL, This collaboration aimed to produce a high-performance titanium alloy suitable for aerospace applications, particularly for gas turbine engines.It is ideal for components like low-pressure compressor blades in aircraft engines.[7][8]

## See also

[edit]

* Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
* Mahindra Aerospace
* Tata Advanced Systems

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Bhatkar, Vijay P. (1990). "Parallel computing : An Indian perspective". Conpar 90 — Vapp IV. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 457\. pp. 10–25. doi:10.1007/3-540-53065-7_84. ISBN 978-3-540-53065-7. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
2. ^ Sinha, UN (1997). "A Decade of Parallel Meteorological Computing on the Flosolver". In Hoffmann, Geerd-R (ed.). Making its mark : proceedings of the Seventh ECMWF Workshop on the Use of Parallel Processors in Meteorology, Reading, UK, November 2-6, 1996. World Scientific. pp. 449–460. OCLC 246121972. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
3. ^ Sinha, U. N. (November 1998). "On parallel computing — Indian trends". Resonance. 3 (11): 2–5. doi:10.1007/BF02838704. S2CID 119381130. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
4. ^ Waldron2010-12-23T06:30:00+00:00, Greg. "India's regional aircraft could be a jet". Flight Global. Retrieved 17 February 2023.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
5. ^ "Ministry of Defence gives nod for proposal to produce Saras civil aircraft developed by NAL". United News of India. 21 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2023.
6. ^ "IIMB hosts International Conference on the Future of Aviation and Aerospace". India Education | Latest Education News | Global Educational News | Recent Educational News. 18 February 2021. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
7. ^ https://nopr.niscpr.res.in/bitstream/123456789/20553/1/IJEMS 9(5) 351-358.pdf
8. ^ https://www.nal.res.in/en/publication/high-strain-rate-behavior-gtm-900-titanium-alloy

* HAL Abandons RTA-70 Project, HAL abandons Regional Transport Aircraft project, The tirbune, 29 November 2016

## External links

[edit]

* National Aerospace Laboratories
* CSIR, India
* A soaring success[usurped]

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