National Army (Uruguay)

National Army

Ejército Nacional (Spanish)

Flag of Uruguayan Army

Founded| 18 May 1811; 214 years ago (1811-05-18)
Country|  Uruguay
Type| Army
Role| National defense
Size| 15,000 permanent personnel
~400,000 reserve personnel
Part of| Armed Forces of Uruguay
Garrison/HQ| Montevideo
Motto(s)| The force of all
Colors| Blue, red and white
March| August the 25th
Equipment| Equipment
Engagements| Cisplatine War
Uruguayan Civil War
Paraguayan War
Uruguayan War
Revolution of the Lances
Tricolor Revolution
Revolution of the Quebracho
Revolution of 1897
Revolution of 1904
Website| https://www.ejercito.mil.uy
Commanders
Commander in chief| Army General Mario Stevenazzi

Military unit

The National Army of Uruguay (Spanish: Ejército Nacional del Uruguay) is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. The largest military branch, it is organized and trained to plan, execute and conduct the military actions for National Defense in the terrestrial sphere.[1] It has its roots in the military campaigns of General José Gervasio Artigas within the framework of the Oriental revolution.[2]

## Mission

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The National Army serves as the land-based branch of the Uruguayan Armed Forces. In accordance with Decree-Law 15,688, its mission is to contribute to guaranteeing external and internal national security, within the framework of the mission of the Armed Forces.[1]

## Organization

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According to Law No. 9,943 of July 27, 1940, the National Army of Uruguay is composed as follows:

Active Army, which includes:

* Permanent Army: composed of contracted volunteers aged 18 to 45, organized into four divisions and five branches. In peacetime, this constitutes the effective force of the National Army.
* Active Reserve: made up of all citizens aged 18 to 30 who are fit for service and have no children under their care.
* Auxiliary Forces: composed of personnel assimilated into the troops and services, civilians working in any branch of the Ministry of National Defense, and police forces that come under the authority of Regional Commanders upon mobilization.

Mobile Reserve: made up of citizens aged 31 to 45, and citizens aged 18 to 30 with children under their care. It is intended to reinforce the aforementioned forces, support complementary services of the Active Army, or ensure the occupation of the rear zone.

Territorial Reserve: composed of citizens aged 46 to 60, to be mobilized with the purpose of ensuring the operation of essential services for the country's livelihood and for the military forces, or to form garrison troops outside the operational zone.

The National Army is organized into four divisions, with each one grouping a certain number of departments.[3] The Commander in Chief is the highest ranking officer of the branch, who reports directly to the President of Uruguay, acting with the Minister of National Defense, or in the Council of Ministers.

## Educational and instruction

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* Liceo Militar General Artigas (General Artigas Military High School)
* Escuela Militar (Military School)
* IMAE Instituto Militar de Armas y Especialidades (Military Institute of Weapons and Specialties)
* IMES Instituto Militar de Estudios Superiores (Military Institute of Higher Studies)
* Escuela de Ingenieros del Ejército (Army Engineers School)
* ECOME Escuela de Comunicaciones del Ejército (Army School of Communications)
* C.I.A.C.A. Centro de Instrucción de Artillería de Campaña y Antiaérea "Cnel. Antonio E. Trifoglio" ('Field and Air Defense Artillery Instruction Center "Cnel. Antonio E. Trifoglio")
* CIMA Centro de Instrucción de Material y Armamento (Material and Armament Instruction Center)
* Comisión de Ciencia y Tecnología del Ejército (Army Science and Technology Commission)

Army Headquarters Military Merit Order of Lieutenants of Artigas.

## List of commanders-in-chief of the army (1973–Present)

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Commander-in-Chief | Took office  | Left office  | Notes

|
|
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General César Martínez  | 1973  | 1973  | [4]
General José Verocay  | 1973  | 1973  |
General Hugo Chiappe Posse  | 1973  | 1974  |
Lieutenant General Julio César Vadora  | 1974  | 1978  |
Lieutenant General Gregorio Álvarez | 1978  | 1979  | [5]
Lieutenant General Luis Vicente Queirolo  | 1979  | 1982  |
Lieutenant General Boscán Hontou  | 1982  | 1984  |
Lieutenant General Pedro J. Aranco  | 1984  | 1984  |
Lieutenant General Hugo Medina  | 1984  | 1987  |
Lieutenant General Carlos Berois  | 1987  | 1990  |
Lieutenant General Guillermo de Nava  | 1990  | 1992  |
Lieutenant General Juan Modesto Rebollo  | 1992  | 1993  |
Lieutenant General Daniel García  | 1993  | 1995  |
Lieutenant General Juan Curutchet  | 1995  | 1996  |
Lieutenant General Raúl Mermot  | 1996  | 1998  |
Lieutenant General Fernán Amado  | 1998  | 1999  |
Lieutenant General Juan Geymonat  | 1999  | 2001  |
Lieutenant General Carlos Daners  | 2001  | 2003  |
Lieutenant General Santiago Pomoli  | 2003  | 2005  |
Lieutenant General Ángel Bertolotti  | 2005  | 2006  |
Lieutenant General Carlos Díaz Moussampés  | 2006  | 2006  |
Army General Jorge Rosales Sosa  | 2006  | 2011  |
Army General Pedro Aguerre Siqueira  | 2011  | 2014  |
Army General Juan Villagrán  | 2014  | 2015  |
Army General Guido Manini Ríos | 2015  | 2019  |
Army General José González Spalatto  | 2019  | 2019  |
Army General Claudio Feola  | 2019  | 2020  |
Army General Gerardo Fregosi | 2020  | 2023  |
Army General Mario Stevenazzi | 2023  | Present  |

## Equipment

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Main article: List of equipment of the Uruguayan Army

## Ranks

[edit]

Main article: Ranks of the Armed Forces of Uruguay

Rank group  | General / flag officers  | Senior officers  | Junior officers

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|
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National Army of Uruguay[6]

* v
* t
* e

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
General de ejército | General | Coronel | Teniente coronel | Mayor | Capitán | Teniente primero | Teniente segundo | Alférez
Rank group  | Senior NCOs  | Junior NCOs  | Enlisted

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National Army of Uruguay[6][7]

* v
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* e

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No insignia
Suboficial mayor | Sargento de primera | Sargento | Cabo de primera | Cabo de segunda | Soldado de primera | Aprendiz

## References

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1. ^ a b "Misión y Visión | Ejército Nacional" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-03-28.
2. ^ "Creación y evolución histórica | Ejército Nacional" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-03-28.
3. ^ "Ejército Nacional" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2023-12-03. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
4. ^ Edición del sábado, 10 de febrero de 1973, página 22 - Hemeroteca - Lavanguardia.es
5. ^ http://www.fcs.edu.uy/pri/archivos/Gobierno/autoridades_militares.xls[dead link]
6. ^ a b Hudson, Rex A.; Meditz, Sandra W., eds. (1992). "Chapter 5. National Security". Uruguay: A Country Study (PDF) (2nd ed.). Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 222–223\. ISBN 0-8444-0737-2. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
7. ^ "Ley N° 19775 Modificacion de la Ley Organica de Las Fuerzas Armadas" [Law No. 19775 Modification of the Organic Law of the Armed Forces] (in Spanish). 5 August 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2022.

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