National Geological Monuments of India

Natural stone arch in Tirumala.

National Geological Monuments are geographical areas of national importance and heritage, as notified by the Government of India's Geological Survey of India (GSI), for their maintenance, protection, promotion and enhancement of geotourism.[1][2][3]

## List of National Geological Monuments

[edit]

There are 34 notified National Geological Heritage Monument Sites of India. GSI or the respective State governments are responsible for taking necessary measures to protect these sites.[2][3]

List of Geological Heritage Sites / National Geological Monuments of India  No.  | Image  | Geo-Heritage site  | Location  | District  | State  | Geotourism Category  | Reference

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1  |  | Volcanogenic bedded Barytes | Mangampeta  | Kadapa district | Andhra Pradesh | EcoGeo Monuments  | [2]
2  |  | Tirupati Eparchaean Unconformity | in the steep natural slopes, road scars and ravines on the Tirupati-Tirumala Ghat road  | Chittoor district | Andhra Pradesh | Stratigraphy Monuments  | [2]
3  |  | Tirumala Natural Geological Arch | Tirumala Hills | Chittoor district | Andhra Pradesh | Geological Marvels  | [2]
4  |  | Erra Matti Dibbalu | the dissected and stabilized coastal red sediment mounds located between Vishakhapatnam and Bheemunipatnam | Visakhapatnam district | Andhra Pradesh | Geological Marvels  | [2]
5  |  | Angadipuram Laterite | near Angadipuram PWD rest house premises  | Malappuram district | Kerala | EcoGeo Monuments  | [2]
6  |  | Varkala Cliff Section | Varkala | Thiruvananthapuram district | Kerala | Geological Marvels  | [2]
7  |  | National Fossil Wood Park, Tiruvakkarai | near Thiruvakkarai village, Vanur taluk | Viluppuram district | Tamil nadu | Fossil Park  | [2]
8  |  | National Fossil Wood Park, Sathanur | Sathanur | Perambalur district,  | Tamil nadu | Fossil Park  | [2]
9  |  | St. Thomas Charnockite | St. Thomas Mount, Chennai | Chennai district | Tamil nadu | Rock Monuments  | [2]
10  |  | Karai Badlands Formation Fossil Park | Badlands of Karai Formation with Cretaceous fossils along Karai – Kulakkalnattam Section  | Perambalur district | Tamil nadu | Fossil Park  | [2]
11  |  | Eddy Current Marking - Sedimentary Structures | Kadana Dam | Mahisagar district | Gujarat | Geological Marvels  | [2]
12  |  | Sendra Granite |  | Pali district | Rajasthan | Geological Marvels  | [2]
13  |  | Barr Conglomerate |  | Pali district | Rajasthan | Rock Monuments  | [2]
14  |  | Stromatolite Fossil Park | Jharmar Kotra Rock Phosphate deposit  | Udaipur district | Rajasthan | Stromatolite Park  | [2]
15  |  | Gossan in Rajpura-Dariba Mineralised belt |  | Rajsamand district | Rajasthan | EcoGeo Monuments  | [2]
16  |  | Bhojunda Stromatolite Park |  | Chittaurgarh district | Rajasthan | Stromatolite Park  | [2]
17  |  | Akal Wood Fossil Park |  | Jaisalmer district | Rajasthan | Fossil Park  | [2]
18  |  | Kishangarh Nepheline Syenite | Kishangarh  | Ajmer district | Rajasthan | Rock Monuments  | [2]
19  |  | Jodhpur Welded Tuff |  | Jodhpur district | Rajasthan | Rock Monuments  | [2]
20  |  | Jodhpur Group – Malani Igneous Suite Contact |  | Jodhpur district | Rajasthan | Stratigraphy Monuments  | [2]
21  |  | Great Boundary Fault at Satur |  | Bundi district | Rajasthan | Stratigraphy Monuments  | [2]
22  |  | Lonar Lake |  | Buldhana district | Maharashtra | Geological Marvels  | [2]
23  |  | Lower Permian Marine bed at Manendragarh (Marine Gondwana Fossil Park)  |  | Surguja district | Chhattisgarh | Fossil Park  | [2]
24  |  | Columnar Basaltic Lava of Coconut Island (St. Mary Island) | St. Mary's Islands | Udupi district | Karnataka | Rock Monuments  | [2]
25  |  | Pillow lavas near Mardihalli |  | Chitradurga district | Karnataka | Rock Monuments  | [2]
26  |  | Peninsular Gneiss of Lalbagh | Bangalore | Bangalore Urban district | Karnataka | Rock Monuments  | [2]
27  |  | Pyroclastics & Pillow lavas of Kolar Gold fields | Peddapalli  | Kolar district | Karnataka | Rock Monuments  | [2]
28  |  | Shivalik Fossil Park | Suketi | Sirmaur district | Himachal Pradesh | Fossil Park  | [2]
29  |  | Pillow Lava in lron ore belt at Nomira |  | Keonjhar district | Odisha | Rock Monuments  | [2]
30  |  | Plant Fossil bearing Inter-trappean beds of Rajmahal Formation | upper Gondwana sequence around Mandro  | Sahibganj district | Jharkhand | Fossil Park  | [2]
31  |  | Nagahill Ophiolite Site | near Pungro  |  | Nagaland | Rock Monuments  | [2]
32  |  | Stromatolite bearing Dolomite / Limestone of Buxa Formation at Mamley | Namchi | South Sikkim district | Sikkim | Stromatolite Park  | [2]
33  |  | Ramgarh crater | Ramgarh  | Baran district | Rajasthan | Geological Marvels  | [4]
34  |  | Zawar lead-zinc mine  | Zawar | Udaipur district | Rajasthan |  | [4]

## Geo-tourism sites in Northeast India

[edit]

There are 12 geo-tourism sites in Northeast India notified by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) for promotion of geo-tourism.[5][6][7]

List of Geotourism Sites in Northeast India  No.  | Image  | Geo-Heritage site  | Location  | District  | State  | Geotourism Category and reference

|
|
|
|
|
|

1  |  | Mawmluh Cave | Cherrapunji | East Khasi Hills district | Meghalaya | Geo-tourism: Cave belongs to Meghalayan Age, which is a major abrupt climatic event with critical drought and cooling 4,200 years ago which was determined from a stalagmite from Mawmluh cave.[8] In the geologic time scale, the Meghalayan is the latest age or uppermost stage of the Quaternary.[9]
2  |  | Mawblei God’s Rock |  | East Khasi Hills district | Meghalaya | Geo-tourism: A megalith, Mahadek sandstone of Khasi group of cretaceous period, inclined at 45 degrees on a slope of a hill of Wahrashi River valley is a sacred site for Khasi people.[8]
3  |  | Therriaghat |  | East Khasi Hills district | Meghalaya | Geo-tourism: Best-preserved and most complete Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in India. Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous period caused sudden extinction of the large vertebrates, plankton and many tropical invertebrates.[8]
4  |  | Majuli | Majuli island  | Majuli district | Assam | Geo-tourism: World's largest river island in Brahmaputra river has sacred Hindu Vaishnavite sampradaya's satra (kshetra or monasteries) set up by in 15th-16th century Srimanta Sankaradeva. The eco-region is conserved by the Srimanta Sankaradeva Sangha.[8]
5  |  | Umananda Island | Brahmaputra river  | Guwahati | Assam | Geo-tourism: islet is an inselberg made of rocks of Assam-Meghalaya gneissic complex.[8]
6  |  | Chabimura |  | Gomati district | Tripura | Geo-tourism: 15th-16th century sacred Hindu site with rock carvings on a cliff of Gomti River with massive rock cut images of Shiva, Vishnu, Karthikeya, Durga and other Hindu deities highest of which is 20 ft.[8]
7  |  | Unakoti |  | Unakoti district | Tripura | Geo-tourism: 7th-9th centuries rock-cut sculptures and Shaiva temples. Unakotiswara Kal Bhairava shiva statue is 30 feet tall.[8]
8  |  | Sangestar Tso |  | Tawang district | Arunachal Pradesh | Geo-tourism: Also called as Madhuri Lake, created by damming of river due to earthquake in 1950, is nestled in a lush valley midst of snowy mountain peaks and freezes in winter.[8]
9  |  | Loktak Lake |  | Bishnupur district | Manipur | Geo-tourism: It is a phumdi (floating biomass) with phumsangs (tribal huts of fishermen) which is also the Keibul Lamjao National Park \- world's only floating wildlife habitat on the southwestern part of lake.[8]
10  |  | Reiek Tlang |  | Aizawl | Mizoram | Geo-tourism: It is a cuesta (a hill with a gentle slope on one side and a steep slope on the other) created by erosion of the tertiary sand shale alterations.[8]
11  |  | Nagahill Ophiolite Site | Pungro | Kiphire district | Nagaland | Geo-tourism:[8]
12  |  | Mamley Stromatolite Park | Namchi | South Sikkim district | Sikkim | Geo-tourism: Also called "Buxa Formation of Mamley", is Algal mat#StromatolitesStromatolite Algal mat with circular structures in the limestone of Proterozoic Buxa Formation microbiota microfossils of Ranjit Window is rare examples of early life on Earth in the Sikkim Himalayas.[8]

## See also

[edit]

* Monuments of National Importance of India
* State Protected Monuments of India
* List of World Heritage Sites in India
* List of Water Heritage Sites in India
* List of columnar jointed volcanics in India
* Menhirs in India
* List of rock-cut temples in India
* List of forts in India
* List of museums in India

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "National Geological Monument, from Geological Survey of India website". Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah "Geo-Heritage Sites". pib.nic.in. Press Information Bureau. 9 March 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
3. ^ a b national geo-heritage of India, INTACH
4. ^ a b "Ramgarh, Zawar accepted as geo-heritage sites in Rajasthan". The Times of India. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
5. ^ Karmakar, Rahul (20 August 2021). "GSI lists geo-tourism sites in NE to visit after 'unlock'". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
6. ^ "GSI lists geo-tourism spots in the Northeast to explore post-pandemic". Deccan Herald. 10 July 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
7. ^ "GSI lists geo-tourism sites in North east - JournalsOfIndia". 24 August 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l GSI lists geo-tourism sites in North east, Journals of India, 24 August 2021.
9. ^ Cohen, K. M.; Finney, S. C.; Gibbard, P. L.; Fan, J-X. (January 2020). "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 8 January 2021.

## External links

[edit]

* Monograph on national geoheritage sites of India, by INTACH
* Interactive GIS map
* Map
* Information on Geo-Heritage sites

* v
* t
* e

Geography of India

Geology|

* Fossil Parks
* Geology
* Indian plate
* Geological Monuments
* Stones

Culture|

* History
* National monuments
* Sacred Groves
* Sacred Mountains
* Sacred Rivers
* Tourism
* World Heritage Sites

Landforms|

* Beaches
* Borders
* Coasts
* Canals
* Desert
* ECZ
* Extreme points
* Glaciers
* Highest point by states
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Mountain passes
* Rivers
* Valleys
* Volcanoes
* Waterfalls

Regions|

* North India
* Northwest
* Northeast India
* East India
* South India
* West India
* Central India

Geographical regions|

* Deccan Plateau
* Eastern Coastal Plains
* Circars
* Coromandel
* Utkal
* Himalayas
* Eastern
* Himachal
* Himadri
* Sivalik
* Indo-Gangetic Plain
* Thar Desert
* Western Coastal Plains
* Canara
* Konkan
* Kathiawar
* Kutch
* Malabar

Subdivisions|

* States and territories
* Autonomous areas
* Divisions
* Districts
* Cities
* Towns
* Municipalities

Ecology|

* Biogeographic classification
* Climate
* Ecoregions
* Environmental Issues
* Fauna
* Flora
* Forests
* Protected Areas
* Biosphere reserves
* Communal forests
* Conservation areas
* Conservation and community reserves
* Elephant reserves
* National parks
* Ramsar Sites
* Reserved and protected forests
* Tiger reserves
* Wildlife sanctuaries
* Wildlife

* v
* t
* e

Geography of India by state or territory

States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

Union territories|

* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Chandigarh
* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Ladakh
* Lakshadweep
* Puducherry

* v
* t
* e

Monuments in India

National
Importance|

| States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Ahmedabad
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Bangalore Circle
* Belgaum
* Bidar
* Bijapur
* Dharwad
* Gulbarga
* Raichur
* Uttara Kannada
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Madhya Pradesh East
* Madhya Pradesh West
* Maharashtra
* Aurangabad Circle
* Mumbai Circle
* Nagpur Circle
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Chennai Circle
* Kanchipuram
* Pudukkottai
* Thrissur Circle
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Allahabad
* Agra
* Agra Circle
* Lalitpur
* Lucknow Circle
* Lucknow Circle North
* Lucknow Circle South
* Patna Circle
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

|

Union
territories|

* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Ladakh
* Puducherry

State
Protected|

| States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

|

Union
territories|

* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir

See also|

* National Geological Monuments
* National parks
* World Heritage Sites
* Water Heritage Sites
* Culture of India
* History of India
* Tourism in India

* v
* t
* e

World Heritage Sites in India

Central|

* Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka
* Khajuraho Group of Monuments
* Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi

East|

* Darjeeling Himalayan Railway^
* Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya
* Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara
* Santiniketan
* Sun Temple, Konark
* Sundarbans National Park

North|

* Agra Fort
* Fatehpur Sikri
* Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area
* Humayun's Tomb, Delhi
* Keoladeo National Park
* Kalka–Shimla railway^
* Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
* Qutub Minar and its Monuments, Delhi
* Red Fort Complex
* Taj Mahal
* The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement
* Complexe du Capitole

Northeast|

* Kaziranga National Park
* Khangchendzonga National Park
* Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
* Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty

South|

* Great Living Chola Temples
* Airavatesvara Temple
* Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram
* Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
* Group of Monuments at Hampi
* Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram
* Group of Monuments at Pattadakal
* Nilgiri Mountain Railway^
* Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana
* Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas
* Chennakeshava Temple
* Hoysaleswara Temple
* Keshava Temple
* Western Ghats

West|

* Ajanta Caves
* Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park
* Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
* Churches and convents of Goa
* Dholavira:a Harappan city
* Elephanta Caves
* Ellora Caves
* Hill Forts of Rajasthan
* Amer Fort
* Chittor Fort
* Gagron Fort
* Jaisalmer Fort
* Kumbhalgarh
* Ranthambore Fort
* Historic City of Ahmadabad
* Jaipur City, Rajasthan
* Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen's Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat
* The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur
* Western Ghats
* Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai

^part of Mountain Railways of India

* v
* t
* e

Tourism in India

By state|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Assam
* Bihar
* Delhi
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Jharkhand
* Haryana
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Ladakh
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Mizoram
* Northeast India
* Odisha
* Puducherry
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Telangana
* Tamil Nadu
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

By city|

* Agra
* Ahmedabad
* Aurangabad
* Bangalore
* Bhopal
* Chandigarh
* Chennai
* Coimbatore
* Dehradun
* Delhi
* Gwalior
* Hyderabad
* Jabalpur
* Jaipur
* Kochi
* Kolkata
* Kozhikode
* Lucknow
* Madurai
* Mumbai
* Mysore
* Patna
* Prayagraj
* Pune
* Surat
* Thiruvananthapuram
* Tiruchirappalli
* Udaipur
* Vadodara
* Varanasi
* Vellore
* Vijayawada
* Visakhapatnam

Types|

* Atomic
* Ayurvedic
* Medical
* Sport
* Yoga

Sites|

| Archaeological|

* Archaeoastronomical Sites
* Buildings
* Cave Paintings
* Dolmens
* Forts
* Fossil Parks
* Geological Monuments
* Ghats
* Menhirs
* Monuments
* Museums
* National Heritage Sites
* Pilgrimage sites
* Rock-cut Temples
* Sculptures
* Statues
* Stepwells
* Structures
* World Heritage Sites

|

Nature|

* Beaches
* Caves
* Coral Reefs
* Hill stations
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Rivers
* Waterfalls

Wildlife|

* National Parks
* Protected Areas
* Sacred Groves
* Tiger Reserves

Culture|

* Atithi Devo Bhava
* Cinema
* Cuisine
* Festivals
* Indian diaspora
* Indianisation
* Indosphere
* Languages
* Namaste
* Religion
* Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava

Transport|

* Aerial Tramways
* Airports
* Borders
* Bridges
* Ghat Roads
* Railway
* Luxury Trains
* Mountain Railways

Agencies|

* India Tourism Development Corporation
* Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation
* Assam Tourism Development Corporation
* Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation
* Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation
* Gujarat Tourism
* Haryana Tourism Corporation
* Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation
* Kerala Tourism Development Corporation
* Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation
* Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation
* Odisha Tourism Development Corporation
* Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation
* Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation
* Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation
* Uttar Pradesh Tourism
* West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation

Related|

* History
* Incredible India
* Visa policy

* Category
* Commons

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template