National Immigration Administration

Immigration authority of People's Republic of China

Not to be confused with National Immigration Agency.

National Immigration Administration
(Exit and Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China)国家移民管理局
（中华人民共和国出入境管理局）

National Emblem of China

National Immigration Administration emblem

National Immigration Administration flag
Agency overview
Formed| April 2, 2018
Preceding agency|

* Exit and Entry Administration of the Ministry of Public Security

Jurisdiction| People's Republic of China
Headquarters| Beijing
Parent agency| State Council via the Ministry of Public Security
Child agency|

* China Immigration Inspection (CII)

Website| en.nia.gov.cn
National Immigration Administration

Simplified Chinese| 国家移民管理局
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Guójiā Yímín Guǎnlǐ Jú

The National Immigration Administration (NIA), alternatively known as the Exit and Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China (for the PRC-ROC border and Mainland China's regional border controls with Hong Kong and Macau), is a sub-ministry-level executive agency administrated by the Ministry of Public Security. The administration is responsible for coordinating and formulating immigration policies and their implementation, border control, administering foreigners’ stay, management on refugees and nationality, taking the lead in coordinating the administering of foreigners who illegally enter, stay or are employed in China, and the repatriation of illegal immigrants.[1][2]

## History

[edit]

Prior to 2018, the Exit-Entry Administration of the Ministry of Public Security (known as the Sixth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security), was in charge of public security entry-exit management. The public security departments and bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government had set up entry-exit administrations (divisions) responsible for the entry and exit administration of public security in their respective regions; most prefectures and cities and county-level public security agencies had heavy workloads and tasks. A special agency for entry and exit management was required to specifically perform various tasks for entry and exit management. The entry-exit administrative departments of the local public security organs at all levels accept the guidance of the entry-exit administrative departments of the higher-level public security organs, and at the same time accept the leadership of the public security organs at the same level.

The former border defense force of the public security was an important armed law enforcement force deployed by the state in coastal areas and ports. It was subordinate to the Border Defense Administration of the Ministry of Public Security and implemented an active-duty armed police system. The border defense force was responsible for public security frontier defense corps in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, public security frontier defense detachments in borders and coastal areas (cities, prefectures, leagues), public security frontier defense squads in counties (cities, banners), and border defenses in towns along the border and coastal areas. The administration was also responsible for police stations set up on border security checkpoints on the main arterial roads leading to the border management areas in the inland, maritime police detachments and brigades in coastal areas and border checkpoints at open ports. As of 2018, there were 1845 border police stations nationwide.

In July 1998, nine cities including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Xiamen, Haikou, and Shantou established the entry-exit border checkpoints, which were vertically led by the Ministry of Public Security.[3] In 2011, according to the Central Office document on the "approval on the adjustment of Beijing in seven vocational institutions specifications preparing Frontier Guard Inspection Station" (Central Office Document No. 54), Shenzhen FGIS and seven other professional Frontier Inspection Station Specifications adjusted from the deputy department level to the main department level with the institutional affiliation and staffing remaining unchanged.[4]

On March 17, 2018, the first meeting of the 13th National People's Congress passed the "Decision on the State Council Institutional Reform Program at the First Meeting of the Thirteenth National People's Congress" and approved the "State Council Institutional Reform Program" as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions. The plan stipulated the establish a National Immigration Administration (NIA) and integrating the immigration management and border inspection duties of the Ministry of Public Security, establishing a sound visa management coordination mechanism and the setting up of a National Immigration Administration under the sign of the Exit-Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China of the Ministry of Public Security

On April 2, 2018, the National Immigration Administration was officially established. On December 25, 2018, the officers and soldiers of the active public security forces officially retired from active service. On January 1, 2019, the public security frontier guards held a collective renewal ceremony and were officially transferred to the people's police.

In this institutional reform, the former public security frontier guards’ provincial corps were transferred and collectively retired from active service, and the provinces (regions) entry-exit border inspection stations were adjusted and established. Among them, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet and nine border provinces (regions) including Gansu, Xinjiang, etc. border entry-exit and border inspection stations were merged with the border management team of the public security department. The border management team has several front-level border management detachments under the vertical management of the national immigration administration. The Shantou General Border Inspection Station was abolished, and the subordinate units were included in the Shenzhen General Border Inspection Station. In this reform, the original nine border police stations in border provinces and autonomous regions were changed to border police stations, led by the territorial border management detachment (or brigade), belonging to the National Immigration Administration, and included in the central fiscal budget unit sequence. The original border police stations in coastal provinces were changed to local police stations, which were managed by the local public security sub-bureaus, belonged to the local public security systems, and were included in the sequence of local fiscal budget units. In addition, on the basis of training management forces of the Border Defense Administration of the Ministry of Public Security, the first team of the National Immigration Administration Standing Force (Party School of the National Immigration Administration) was established. Road; Based on the establishment of the Non-commissioned Officer School of the Public Security Border Forces, the second corps of the Standing Force of the National Immigration Administration (National Immigration Administration Education and Training Network College) was established. The team is located at No. 705 Yunda West Road, Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.

After the reform, the National Immigration Administration led the management of 33 entry-exit border inspection stations and 2 standing force teams. The national immigration management system has 285 entry-exit border checkpoints and 46 border management detachments. At the same time, the National Immigration Administration in the name of the Exit-Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China instructed 31 provinces including municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions public security bureaus (bureaus) to subordinate to the exit and entry administrations (divisions) of their areas respectively.

On June 1, 2019, in accordance with institutional reform, the names of the issuing authorities for the current entry and exit documents issued within the territory of the People's Republic of China have were changed. Among them, the entry and exit documents of mainland Chinese residents and the entry, stay, residence, permanent residence and other documents of foreigners will be issued under the name of the National Immigration Administration of the People's Republic of China; entry and exit documents for Chinese citizens to and from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan will be subject to the entry and exit administration of the People's Republic of China Issued under the name of public security bureaus. All types of entry-exit documents issued by the Exit-Entry Administration of the Ministry of Public Security can continue to be used during the validity period of the documents.

On September 3, 2019, the National Immigration Administration held a working meeting of the preparatory group for the National Immigration Administration Repatriation Center, and announced the establishment of the National Immigration Administration repatriation (deportation) Centers in Langfang, Jiutai, Huangpi, Huadu, Dongxing, Ruili, and Xinshi.

On April 1, 2021, with the approval of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, the National Immigration Management Agency will use its own flag and logo from April 2, 2021, onwards.[5]

## Organizational structure

[edit]

The National Immigration Administration has an institution that Deputy Bureau level (副司局级), and each border inspection station and standing force are at Office level (正厅级). The National Immigration Service has the following subordinate bodies:[6]

### Internal organs

[edit]

* Department of General Affairs (综合司) (Migration Issues International Cooperation Office—移民事务国际合作司）
* Department of Political and Legal Affairs (政策法规司)
* Department of Foreigner Management (外国人管理司)
* Department of Citizen Exit-Entry Management (公民出入境管理司)

* Department of Border Security Check (边防检查管理司)
* Department of Information Technology (信息科技司)
* Department of Cadres and Personnel (干部人事司)
* Logistics Support Division (后勤保障司)
* Unit Party Committee (机关党委)

|

### Affiliated units

[edit]

* Immigration Management Information Technology Research Institute (出入境管理信息技术研究所)
* Immigration Services Center (移民事务服务中心)
* Policing Security Center (警务保障中心)

### Directly subordinate units

[edit]

Immigration Inspection General Stations

* Beijing General Station of Immigration Inspection (北京出入境边防检查总站)
* Tianjin General Station of Immigration Inspection (天津出入境边防检查总站)
* Shanghai General Station of Immigration Inspection (上海出入境边防检查总站)
* Guangzhou General Station of Immigration Inspection (广州出入境边防检查总站)
* Shenzhen General Station of Immigration Inspection (深圳出入境边防检查总站)
* Zhuhai General Station of Immigration Inspection (珠海出入境边防检查总站)
* Xiamen General Station of Immigration Inspection (厦门出入境边防检查总站)
* Haikou General Station of Immigration Inspection (海口出入境边防检查总站)
* Chongqing General Station of Immigration Inspection (重庆出入境边防检查总站)
* Hebei General Station of Immigration Inspection (河北出入境边防检查总站)
* Shanxi General Station of Immigration Inspection(山西出入境边防检查总站)
* Jilin General Station of Immigration Inspection (吉林出入境边防检查总站)
* Liaoning General Station of Immigration Inspection| (辽宁出入境边防检查总站)
* Heilongjiang General Station of Immigration Inspection (黑龙江出入境边防检查总站)
* Shaanxi General Station of Immigration Inspection (陕西出入境边防检查总站)
* Gansu General Station of Immigration Inspection (甘肃出入境边防检查总站)
* Qinghai General Station of Immigration Inspection (青海出入境边防检查总站)
* Shandong General Station of Immigration Inspection (山东出入境边防检查总站)
* Zhejiang General Station of Immigration Inspection (江入境边防检查总站)

* Henan General Station of Immigration Inspection (河南出入境边防检查总站)
* Hubei General Station of Immigration Inspection (湖北出入境边防检查总站)
* Hunan General Station of Immigration Inspection (湖南出入境边防检查总站)
* Jiangxi General Station of Immigration Inspection (江西出入境边防检查总站)
* Jiangsu General Station of Immigration Inspection (江苏出入境边防检查总站)
* Anhui General Station of Immigration Inspection (安徽出入境边防检查总站)
* Sichuan General Station of Immigration Inspection (四川出入境边防检查总站)
* Guizhou General Station of Immigration Inspection (贵州出入境边防检查总站)
* Yunnan General Station of Immigration Inspection (云南出入境边防检查总站)
* Inner Mongolia General Station of Immigration Inspection (内蒙古出入境边防检查总站)
* Xinjiang General Station of Immigration Inspection (新疆出入境边防检查总站)
* Ningxia General Station of Immigration Inspection (宁夏出入境边防检查总站)
* Guangxi General Station of Immigration Inspection (广西出入境边防检查总站)
* Tibet General Station of Immigration Inspection (西藏出入境边防检查总站)

|

## Leadership

[edit]

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|

Director

* Xu Ganlu Deputy Police Commissioner-General (Deputy Minister of Public Security, March 2018 – Present)

Deputy Director

* Yin Chengji First Class Police Inspector (April 2018 – Present)
* Qu Yunhai First Class Police Inspector (April 2018 – Present)
* Police Inspector Li Yulu I (March 9, 2019 – Present)
* Zhao Changhua First Class Police Supervisor (March 9, 2019 – Present)

Party Committee Secretary

* Xu manna deputy police (March 2018 – Present)

Deputy Party Committee Secretary

* Li Yulu an IPCC (March 9, 2019 – Present)

Party Committee Members

* Yin Chengji an IPCC (April 2018 – Present)
* Qu sea of clouds an IPCC (April 2018 – Present)
* Zhao Changhua an IPCC (March 9, 2019 – Present)

|

## Reforms

[edit]

From 1 April 2019 onwards, all mainland citizens can apply and receive passports and exit and entry permits from the NIA offices anywhere in the country, instead of requiring citizens to go to their Hukou city/province to apply. Also, exit and entry permits to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan can be applied to, received, and delivered within a few minutes on automatic machines.[7]

## See also

[edit]

* Ministry of Public Security (China)
* People's Police (China)
* Immigration to China

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "China to set up state immigration administration". english.gov.cn. Retrieved 2019-05-20.
2. ^ Tone, Sixth (2018-03-14). "China Seeks to Standardize Immigration With New Bureau". Sixth Tone. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
3. ^ "中国公安出入境管理机构设置与职责分工". 2015-01-01. Archived from the original on 2015-01-01. Retrieved 2021-08-03.
4. ^ "深圳等七职业化边检总站升格正厅建制 编制不变-新闻频道-手机搜狐". m.sohu.com. Archived from the original on 2019-04-19. Retrieved 2021-08-03.
5. ^ "国家移民管理机构启用队旗和标志". www.nia.gov.cn. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
6. ^ "机构职责_国家移民管理局". www.nia.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-03-07.
7. ^ "国家移民管理局：4月1日起申领出入境证件实行"全国通办"_中国政库_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Retrieved 2019-05-31.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website

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* PF
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* AVIM
* IND
* KMar
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Grensekom
* GSV
* PU
* UDI
* UNE
* Poland
* SG
* UDSC
* Portugal
* AIMA
* Romania
* IGI
* PFR
* Russia
* GUVM
* PSFSB
* San Marino
* Serbia
* KIRS
* UGP
* Slovakia
* MÚ
* ÚHCP
* Slovenia
* SMP
* SUNZ
* Spain
* CGEF
* GC
* OAR
* SEM
* Sweden
* NOA
* SMA
* Switzerland
* SBG
* SEM
* Ukraine
* DMS
* DPSU
* United Kingdom
* HMPO
* IE
* UKBF
* UKVI
* Vatican City

North America|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* BMA
* DINS
* Canada
* CBSA
* IRCC
* Costa Rica
* DGME
* Fronteras
* Cuba
* BF
* DIIE
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* CESFRONT
* DGMRD
* FTC-1
* UPF
* El Salvador
* Border Patrol
* DGME
* DISEFRO
* Greenland
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* DIPAFRONT
* IGM
* Haiti
* DIE
* POLIFRONT
* Honduras
* DNSPF
* INM
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* GN
* INM
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* APAP
* SENAFRONT
* SNM
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* CBP
* DMB
* ICE
* USBP
* USCIS

Oceania|

* American Samoa
* Australia
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Border Control
* Immigration
* Fiji
* BAF
* FID
* Kiribati
* Marshall Islands
* Nauru
* New Zealand
* Palau
* Papua New Guinea
* ICA
* PNGDF
* Samoa
* Solomon Islands
* Tonga
* Tuvalu
* Vanuatu
* BV
* VIS

South America|

* Argentina
* DNM
* GNA
* Bolivia
* Border Police
* DIGEMIG
* UPCOM
* Brazil
* BPFron
* GESFRON
* PF
* Chile
* CdC
* JENAMIG
* Colombia
* Ecuador
* Guyana
* DOC
* GPF
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Migraciones
* PNP
* Suriname
* Immigration
* KMP
* VZ
* Uruguay
* Venezuela
* GNB
* Immigration
* SAIME

International|

* United Nations
* International Organization for Migration
* CIS
* European Union

Non-recognized|

* Donetsk
* MS DNR
* SPO DNR
* Kosovo
* DCAM
* DPK
* Luhansk
* SPO LNR
* UMS LNR
* Northern Cyprus
* Somaliland
* SIBC
* Transnistria
* PU MGB
* UPVM MVD

Defunct|

* Albania (till 1939)
* Byzantine Empire
* Czechoslovakia (till 1939)
* East Germany
* Estonia (till 2010)
* Germany (till 1945)
* Italy (till 1943)
* Liechtenstein (till 1923)
* Poland
* KOP (till 1939)
* BPT (till 1991)
* Roman Empire
* Soviet Union
* Spain (till 1940)
* Portugal
* SEF (till 2023)
* United Kingdom
* IND (till 2007)
* BIA (till 2008)
* UKBA (till 2013)
* West Germany

* Border guard
* Coast guard
* Customs
* Law enforcement agency
* Types
* Intelligence agency

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