National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Public university in Zografou, Greece

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών

Latin: Universitas Atheniensis[1]
Type| Public higher education institution
Established| May 3, 1837; 187 years ago (1837-05-03)
Rector| Gerasimos Siasos

Academic staff

| 2,109

Administrative staff

| 1,021
Undergraduates| 41,454
Postgraduates| 25,417 (including doctoral candidates)
Location|

Athens

Greece

37°58′09″N 23°46′51″E﻿ / ﻿37.96917°N 23.78083°E﻿ / 37.96917; 23.78083

Building details

The 19th-century University of Athens historic building designed by Christian Hansen, as seen in 2014. It was once the only University building but now serves as a ceremony hall and rectory

Campus| Urban, suburban
Newspaper| To Kapodistriako
Colours| Blue and White
Website| en.uoa.gr

The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA; Greek: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ethnikó kai Kapodistriakó Panepistímio Athinón), usually referred to simply as the University of Athens (UoA), is a public university in Athens, Greece, with various campuses along the Athens agglomeration.[2][3][4]

It has been in continuous operation since its establishment in 1837 and is the oldest higher education institution of the modern Greek state and the first contemporary university in both the Balkan Peninsula and the Eastern Mediterranean.[5] Today it is one of the largest universities by enrollment in Europe, with over 69,000 registered students.[6]

## History

[edit]

### Founding and expansion

[edit]

King Otto of Greece was the founder of the University of Athens.

The University of Athens was founded on 3 May 1837 by King Otto of Greece (in Greek, Óthon) and was named in his honour Othonian University (Οθώνειον Πανεπιστήμιον). It was the first university in the liberated Greek state and in the surrounding area of Southeast Europe as well. It was also the second academic institution after the Ionian Academy. This fledgling university consisted of four faculties; Theology, Law, Medicine and Arts (which included applied sciences and mathematics). During its first year of operation, the institution was staffed by 33 professors, while courses were attended by 52 students and 75 non-matriculated "auditors".[5]

It was first housed in the residence of architects Stamatios Kleanthis and Eduard Schaubert, on the north slope of the Acropolis, in Plaka, which now houses the museum of the university. In November 1841, the university relocated to the Central Building of the University of Athens, a building designed by Danish architect Christian Hansen. He followed a neoclassical approach, "combining the monument's magnificence with a human scale simplicity" and gave the building its H-shape.[7] The building was decorated by painter Carl Rahl, forming the famous "architectural trilogy of Athens", together with the building of the National Library of Greece (left of the university) and the building of the Athens Academy (right of the university). Construction began in 1839 in a location to the north of the Acropolis. Its front wing, also known as the Propylaea, was completed in 1842–1843. The rest of the wings' construction, that was supervised at first by Greek architect Lysandros Kaftantzoglou and later by his colleague Anastasios Theofilas, was completed in 1864. The building is nowadays part of what is called the "Athenian Neoclassical Trilogy".[7]

The historian and professor Konstantinos Paparrigopoulos, founder of the modern Greek historiography, was elected rector of the University of Athens in 1872.

The Othonian University was renamed to National University (Εθνικόν Πανεπιστήμιον) in 1862, following events that forced King Otto to leave the country.

Statue of the first Governor of Greece, Conte Ioannis Kapodistrias, whose name has been given to the university in 1932, after the unification of the Kapodistrias University (theoretical schools) and the National University (scientific schools).

A major change in the structure of the university came about in 1904, when the faculty of Arts was divided into two separate faculties: that of Arts (Σχολή Τεχνών) and that of Sciences (Σχολή Επιστημών), the latter consisting of the departments of Physics and Mathematics and the School of Pharmacy. In 1919, a department of chemistry was added, and in 1922 the School of Pharmacy was renamed a department. A further change came about when the School of Dentistry was added to the faculty of medicine.

Between 1895 and 1911, an average of 1,000 new students matriculated each year, a number which increased to 2,000 at the end of World War I. This resulted in the decision to introduce entrance examinations for all the faculties, beginning for the academic year 1927–28. Since 1954 the number of students admitted each year has been fixed by the Ministry of Education and Religion, by proposal of the faculties.

### Modern history

[edit]

The University Club building was founded in 1930. Today the building houses the Health Services Office, the Meals Department, the University Club reading rooms, and the Students Cultural Association (POFPA).[8][9]

From 1911 until 1932 the university was separated into the Kapodistrian University (the humanities departments; named after Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of the independent modern Greek state) and the National University (the science departments). In 1932, the two separate legal entities were merged into the "National and Kapodistrian University of Athens."

During the 1960s construction work began on the University Campus in the suburb of Ilissia, which houses the Schools of Philosophy, Theology and Sciences.[5]

In 2013, the University Senate made the decision to suspend all operations in the wake of the Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs cutting 1,655 administrative jobs from universities around the country. In a statement, the University Senate said that "any educational, research and administrative operation of the University of Athens is objectively impossible".[10][11]

## Faculties and departments

[edit]

The University of Athens is divided into schools, faculties and departments as follows. The naming is nοt consistent in English for historical reasons, but in Greek the largest divisions are generally named "σχολές" (schools) and are divided in "τμήματα" (departments), furthermore subdivided in "τομείς" (faculties).[12]

The Faculty of Law. The building was initially built about 1930. A second branch was added in the 1960s. Extensive renovation began in 2002 and was completed by 2006.[13]

The University of Athens also offers an English-taught 4-year undergraduate programme (with tuition) in Archaeology, History, and Literature of Ancient Greece.[14][15][16]

Schools  | Departments

|

School of Agricultural Development, Nutrition and Sustainability (founded 2019)  |

* Department of Agricultural Development, Agri-Food and Natural Resources Management (founded 2019)

School of Education (founded 2013)  |

* Department of Primary Education (founded 1984)[17]
* Department of Early Childhood Education (founded 1987)[18]

School of Health Sciences (founded 2013)  |

* Department of Medicine (founded 1837)[19]
* Department of Nursing (founded 1980)[20]
* Department of Dentistry (founded 1911)[21]
* Department of Pharmacy (founded 1843)[22]

School of Physical Education and Sport Science (founded 1983)  |

* School of Physical Education and Sport Science (founded 1983)[23]

School of Theology (founded 1837)  |

* Department of Theology (founded 1837)[24]
* Department of Social Theology and Study of Religion (founded 1974)[25]

School of Science (founded 1904)[26] |

* Department of Mathematics (founded 1982)[27]
* Department of Physics (founded 1982)[28]
* Department of Informatics and Telecommunications (founded 1989)[29]
* Department of Chemistry (founded 1918)[30]
* Department of Biology (founded 1970)[31]
* Department of Geology and Geoenvironment (founded 1970)[32]
* Department of Digital Industry Technologies (founded 2019)
* Department of Aerospace Science and Technology (founded 2019)
* Department of History and Philosophy of Science (founded 1993)

School of Law (founded 1838)  |

* School of Law (founded 1838)[33]

School of Economics and Political Sciences (founded 2013)  |

* Department of Economics (founded 1981)[34]
* Department of Business Administration (founded 2019)
* Department of Political Science and Public Administration (founded 1982)[35]
* Department of Sociology (founded 2019)
* Department of Communication and Media Studies (founded 1990)[36]
* Department of Turkish Studies and Modern Asian Studies (founded 2003)
* Department of Ports Management and Shipping (founded 2019)
* Department of Digital Arts and Cinema (founded 2019)

School of Philosophy (founded 1837)[37] |

* Department of Philology (founded 1837)[38]
* Department of History and Archaeology (founded 1984)[39]
* Department of Educational Studies (founded 2019)
* Department of Philosophy (founded 2019)
* Department of Psychology (founded 2013)
* Department of English Language and Literature (founded 1951)[40]
* Department of French Language and Literature (founded 1954)[41]
* Department of German Language and Literature (founded 1977)[42]
* Department of Italian Language and Literature (founded 2010)[43]
* Department of Spanish Language and Literature (founded 2010)[44]
* Department of Russian Language and Literature and Slavic Studies (founded 2008)
* Department of Theatre Studies (founded 1990)[45]
* Department of Music Studies (founded 1991)[46]

## Academic evaluation

[edit]

The University Club building, founded in 1930. The building houses the Health Services Office, the Meals Department, the University Club reading rooms, and the Students Cultural Association (POFPA).

In 2015, the external evaluation of the institution cited University of Athens as Worthy of merit.[2]

An external evaluation of all academic departments in Greek universities was conducted by the Hellenic Quality Assurance and Accreditation Agency (HQA) in 2010–14.[47][48]

## Rankings

[edit]

University rankings

Global – Overall
ARWU World[49]| 301–400 (2023)
QS World[50]| =444 (2024)
THE World[51]| 501–600 (2024)
USNWR Global[52]| =250 (2023)

The University of Athens is considered one of the leading universities of Greece, a leading European regional university and is present in the top universities annual lists. The most recent is the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities of 2019 that listed it in the 219th place out of 12,000 universities worldwide (1st in Greece, 70th in Europe) with very high perspectives regarding the university's openness.[53]

It is ranked 401st–500th in The Times Higher Education (THE) annual list.[54]

Furthermore, according to the QS World University Rankings annual list it is listed 651st–700th with very high research output.[55] The Shanghai Ranking (Academic Ranking of World Universities) ranked in 2018 the University 301st–400th globally.[56] In 2018 it was listed by the CWTS Leiden Ranking in the 232nd place globally with great publication output in the Biomedical and Health Sciences field.[57]

In 2019 the university was situated in the 73rd place worldwide in the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities by citations in Top Google Scholar Profiles.[58] The U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking (USNWR) lists it 279th in the world and 1st in Greece.[59]

In the field of Pharmacy and Pharmacology it is listed 101st–150th in the world by QS and 94th by USNWR.[55][60] The last situates the University 114th in Immunology and 166th in Clinical Medicine.[61][62]

## Campuses

[edit]

Ano Ilisia University campus Psachna campus The Physics department building at the Ano Ilisia campus

The main campus is at Ano Ilisia, Zografou. There the faculties of Science, Theology and Philosophy are situated. The faculty of Life Sciences is located at Goudi and the faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science is located at Dafni. The faculties of Media, Education, Economics, Law and Public Administration are housed in various buildings near the centre of Athens, along with various administration facilities. University administration was housed initially in a historical neoclassical building near the center of Athens on Panepistimiou Street, but was relocated at the main university campus later.

Campus location | Schools | Departments

|
|

Ano Ilisia | School of Theology
School of Philosophy |
School of Science |
| Department of Pharmacy (School of Health Sciences)
Goudi | School of Health Sciences |
Centre of Athens | School of Law
School of Economics and Political Sciences
School of Education (Primary and Early Childhood)
Dafni | School of Physical Education and Sport Science
Psachna | School of Agricultural Development, Nutrition and Sustainability
| Department of Aerospace Science and Technology (School of Science)
| Department of Digital Industry Technologies (School of Science)
| Department of Digital Art and Cinema (School of Economics and Political Sciences)
| Department of Ports Management and Shipping (School of Economics and Political Sciences)

## Research

[edit]

Research in the University of Athens includes almost all research interests. Such research in the university is associated with that conducted by the hospitals and research institutes of the metropolitan area, including the National Research Center for Physical Sciences "Demokritos", the National Hellenic Research Foundation (EIE), the National Observatory of Athens, the Hellenic Pasteur Institute, the Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", the Athens High Performance Computing Laboratory, the National Centre for Marine Research (NCMR) and the Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA).

Research conducted in the institutes of the metropolitan area of Athens accounted for more than 50% of the ISI-indexed scientific publications coming from Greece.[63][64][65] The Department of Informatics and Telecommunications has been ranked continuously among the 100 most important research institutes in the field of computer science, according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU).[56]

## KEDIVIM

[edit]

The Centre of Continuing Education and Lifelong Learning (KEDIVIM; Greek: Κ.Ε.ΔΙ.ΒΙ.Μ. - Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης και Δια Βίου Μάθησης) of the University of Athens (UoA) is a separate continuing and professional adult educational unit within University of Athens, at "non-typical education", although it is fully or partially regulated by the state and lead to officially recognised qualifications being considered non-formal education (NFE). It offers short-term courses[66][67][68][69] on-campus and by Distance e-Learning Mode off-campus mediated via real-time electronic means, certified by the EOPPEP - National Organization for the Certification of Qualifications and Vocational Guidance (Greek: Εθνικός Οργανισμός Πιστοποίησης Προσόντων και Επαγγελματικού Προσανατολισμού - Ε.Ο.Π.Π.Ε.Π.). In Greece, adult education, continuing education or lifelong learning is offered to students of all adult ages.

## Notable alumni

[edit]

See also: List of University of Athens alumni

Throughout its history, a sizeable number of University of Athens alumni have become notable in many varied fields, both academic and otherwise. Moreover, two Nobel Prize-winners have studied or taught at Athens, with both their prizes being in Literature.

### Politics

[edit]

Political leaders who attended the University of Athens

Eleftherios Venizelos

Konstantinos Karamanlis

Andreas Papandreou

Nicos Anastasiades

Fifteen Greek prime ministers and three Greek presidents (Konstantinos Karamanlis served as both) have studied at the University of Athens, including Charilaos Trikoupis, Eleftherios Venizelos, Georgios Papandreou, Andreas Papandreou, Konstantinos Karamanlis, Karolos Papoulias, and most recently interim prime minister Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou. Also, Constantine II, the last monarch of Greece, and Nicos Anastasiades, the former president of Cyprus, attended the university.

The University of Athens has also been home to a large number of other politicians, such as Dora Bakoyannis, Kyriakos Mavronikolas, Georgios Alogoskoufis, Fofi Gennimata, and Dimitris Koutsoumpas.

### Science

[edit]

* Gerasimos Danilatos, physicist, inventor of the ESEM
* Sophia Frangou, psychiatrist
* John P. A. Ioannidis (DSc, 1996 and MD 1990), professor and medical researcher[70]
* Fotis Kafatos, biologist
* Michael N. Katehakis, applied mathematics and operations research
* Nikos Logothetis, neuroscientist
* Zoi Lygerou, molecular biologist and medical school associate professor
* George Michalopoulos, professor and medical researcher
* Dimitri Nanopoulos, physicist
* Georgios Papanikolaou, doctor, inventor of the Pap test
* Costas Soukoulis, physicist
* Nikos Sypsas, medical doctor and infectious disease expert
* Dimitrios Trichopoulos, cancer epidemiologist
* Georgina Xanthou, immunologist
* Panayotis Varotsos, physicist
* Leonidas Zervas, organic chemist
* Zoe Pikramenou, inorganic chemist
* Kypros Chrysanthis, medical doctor, writer and educator

### Literature and philosophy

[edit]

* Giorgios Seferis, Nobel laureate (1963), poet[71]
* Odysseas Elytis, Nobel laureate (1979), poet[72]
* Nikos Kazantzakis, writer and philosopher, nine times Nobel nominee
* Helene Ahrweiler, byzantinologist
* Cornelius Castoriadis, philosopher
* Dimitra Fimi, academic and writer
* Emmanuel Kriaras, lexicographer and philologist
* Vassilis Rotas, author, translator and politician

* Stathis Psillos, philosopher of science
* Simos Menardos, philologist, folklorist, rector of the University of Athens

### Archaeology

[edit]

* Stylianos Alexiou, archaeologist and philologist
* Semni Karouzou, archaeologist and curator
* Yannis Sakellarakis, archaeologist
* Evi Touloupa, archaeologist and curator
* Ino Nicolaou, archaeologist, epigraphist, numismatist
* Porphyrios Dikaios, archaeologist, director of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus (1960–1963)
* Vassos Karageorghis, archaeologist, director of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus (1963–1989)
* Athanasios Papageorgiou, Byzantine archaeologist, director of the Department of Antiquities (1989-1991)
* Demos Christou, archaeologist, director of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus (1991-1997)

### Religion

[edit]

* Saint Nectarios of Aegina
* Ieronymos I of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece
* Anastasios of Albania, Archbishop of Albania
* Porfirije, Archbishop of Peć, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, and Serbian Patriarch
* Demetrios Trakatellis, Archbishop of America

### Other

[edit]

* Christos Christou, International President of Médecins Sans Frontières
* Apostolos Santas, Greek veteran of the Resistance against the Axis Occupation of Greece during World War II
* Panagiotis Pikrammenos, judge, caretaker prime minister (2012), deputy prime minister (2019–2023)

## See also

[edit]

* Athens University Museum
* Education in Greece
* List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)
* List of research institutes in Greece
* List of universities in Greece
* List of University of Athens alumni
* Open access in Greece

## References

[edit]

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66. ^ "National Digital Academy of Greek Ministry of Digital Governance's Free e-Learning Short Courses from Centre of Continuing Education and Lifelong Learning (KEDIVIM) at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA)". Protothema (in Greek). 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-04-22. "1-month Information Technology as tool for the processing of daily works on Windows and Internet / 1-month website design and implementation for medium size companies (MME) / 1-month description and analytical introduction into the 4th industry revolution / 1-month Data Bases SQL / 2-month Social Media-Linkedin & Instagram / 1-month introduction to the Ethical Ηacking & Cyber Security"
67. ^ "National Digital Academy of Greek Ministry of Digital Governance". National Digital Academy (in Greek). Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-04-22.
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69. ^ "NKUA E-Learning Short Courses from Centre of Continuing Education and Lifelong Learning (KEDIVIM)". NKUA. Greek Language (in Greek). Archived from the original on 2021-02-24. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
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## External links

[edit]

* Media related to National and Kapodistrian University of Athens at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website

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Universities in Greece

University, polytechnic university, specialist

Attica|

* Agricultural University of Athens
* Athens School of Fine Arts
* Athens University of Economics and Business
* National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
* School of Pedagogical and Technological Education
* National Technical University of Athens
* Harokopio
* Panteion
* University of Piraeus
* University of West Attica

Macedonia and Thrace|

* Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
* International Hellenic University
* University of Macedonia
* University of Western Macedonia
* Democritus University of Thrace

Peloponnese|

* University of Peloponnese
* University of Patras
* Hellenic Open University

Epirus and Thessaly|

* University of Ioannina
* University of Thessaly

Crete|

* Technical University of Crete
* University of Crete
* Hellenic Mediterranean University

Ionian and Aegean Islands|

* Ionian University
* University of the Aegean

Specialist|

* Hellenic Air Force Academy
* Hellenic Military Academy
* Hellenic Naval Academy
* Military School of Officers Corps
* Hellenic National Defense College
* Hellenic Coast Guard Officers School
* Hellenic Fire Officers School
* Hellenic Police Officers School

* v
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Compostela Group of Universities

Members|

* Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
* Centro de Enseñanza Técnica y Superior
* Columbus University
* ESAN University
* Grigol Robakidze University
* Ilia State University
* Jaume I University
* Karlstad University
* Kazimieras Simonavičius University
* King Juan Carlos University
* Kore University of Enna
* Masaryk University
* Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
* Federico Villarreal National University
* National University of San Marcos
* Pan-European University
* Peruvian University of Applied Sciences
* Philipps University of Marburg
* Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
* São Paulo State University
* Santo Domingo Institute of Technology
* Technical University of Madrid
* Universidad Anáhuac Xalapa (Anahuac University Network)
* Universidad La Salle México
* Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
* Università telematica internazionale Uninettuno
* University Business Academy in Novi Sad
* University of A Coruña
* University of Almería
* University of Burgos
* University of Cádiz
* University of Extremadura
* University of Fribourg
* University of Guadalajara
* University of La Laguna
* University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
* University of León
* University of Lima
* University of Lleida
* University of Łódź
* University of Málaga
* University of Malta
* University of Minho
* University of Monterrey
* University of Nantes
* University of Oviedo
* University of Pécs
* University of Piura
* University of Regensburg
* University of Salamanca
* University of Santiago de Compostela
* University of Seville
* University of Surabaya
* University of the Basque Country
* University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro
* University of Valencia
* University of Vigo
* University of Worcester
* University of Zaragoza
* Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno
* Zhejiang Wanli University

Associates|

* Metropolitan College (AMC)

Collaborators|

* Consortium for North American Higher Education Collaboration
* EEUA
* Erasmus Compostela
* Euro-Mediterranean University of Slovenia
* FAUBAI
* HACU
* Quacquarelli Symonds
* Scholars at Risk

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* e

Network of Universities from the Capitals of Europe (UNICA)

* Amsterdam (UvA)
* Ankara (AU)
* Ankara (METU)
* Athens
* Belgrade
* Berlin (FU Berlin)
* Berlin (HU Berlin)
* Bratislava
* Brussels (ULB)
* Brussels (VUB)
* Bucharest
* Budapest
* Copenhagen
* Dublin (UCD)
* Edinburgh
* Helsinki
* Kiev
* Lausanne (UNIL)
* Lisbon (ULisboa)
* Lisbon (NOVA)
* Ljubljana
* London (KCL)
* Madrid (UC3M)
* Madrid (UCM)
* Moscow State
* Moscow (HSE)
* Nicosia
* Oslo
* Paris (PSL)
* Paris (USN)
* Prague
* Reykjavík
* Riga (Latvia)
* Rome III
* Rome-La Sapienza
* Rome-Tor Vergata
* Skopje
* Sofia
* Stockholm
* Tallinn (TU)
* Tallinn (TalTech)
* Tirana
* Vienna
* Vilnius
* Warsaw
* Zagreb

* v
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Mediterranean Universities Union (UNIMED)

Africa

Algeria|

* Abou Bekr Belkaid
* Algiers 1
* Badji Mokhtar Annaba
* Béjaia
* Blida 1
* Constantine 1
* ENP Oran
* ENSSP
* EPAU
* Mostaganem
* Oran 1
* Tizi Ouzou

Egypt|

* AAST
* Alexandria
* Cairo

Libya|

* Al-Arab Medical
* Libya
* Tripoli

Morocco|

* Cadi Ayyad
* Hassan II University of Casablanca
* Ibnou Zohr
* Mohammed V

Tunisia|

* Carthage
* Gafsa
* Jendouba
* Kairouan
* Monastir
* Sfax
* Sousse
* Tunis
* Tunis El Manar

Europe

Albania|

* Tirana

Cyprus|

* CUT
* University of Cyprus

Finland|

* Tampere

France|

* Montpellier 2
* Paris 8
* Paul Cézanne

Greece|

* Athens
* Panteion

Italy|

* Bari
* Bologna
* Camerino
* Caserta
* Catania
* Chieti–Pescara D'Annunzio
* Messina
* Modena and Reggio Emilia
* Campobasso
* Naples Federico II
* Padua
* Palermo
* Perugia
* Perugia Foreigners
* Reggio Calabria
* Rome III
* Rome la Sapienza
* Rome S. Pio V
* Salento
* Sassari
* Teramo
* Turin
* Urbino

Malta|

* University of Malta

Montenegro|

* University of Montenegro

Portugal|

* Aveiro
* Évora

Slovenia|

* Primorska

Spain|

* Barcelona
* University of Córdoba (Spain)
* Granada
* UCM
* Valencia

Western Asia

Jordan|

* Al al-Bayt
* Hashemite
* JUST
* University of Jordan

Lebanon|

* Lebanese University
* Saint-Esprit de Kaslik

Palestine|

* Al-Azhar
* An-Najah
* Bethlehem
* Birzeit

Syria|

* Aleppo
* Damascus
* Homs
* Latakia

* v
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Major landmarks of Athens

Ancient|

* Acropolis
* Ancient Agora
* Arch of Hadrian
* Areopagus
* Aristotle’s Lyceum
* Hadrian's Library
* Kerameikos
* Monument of Lysicrates
* Odeon of Herodes Atticus
* Panathenaic Stadium
* Philopappos Hill/Monument
* Platonic Academy
* Pnyx
* Remains of the Acharnian Road, Acharnian Gate and Cemetery Site
* Remains of the Long Walls
* Roman Agora
* Stoa of Attalos
* Temple of Hephaestus
* Temple of Olympian Zeus
* Theatre of Dionysus
* Tower of the Winds

Byzantine|

* Little Metropolis
* Daphni Monastery
* Holy Apostles Church
* Kapnikarea Church
* Pantanassa Church
* Holy Trinity Church
* Church of Saint Theodora

Ottoman|

* Fethiye Mosque
* House of Saint Philothei/Benizelos-Palaiologos mansion
* Tzistarakis Mosque

Modern|

| Hansen's "Trilogy"|

* Academy
* Kapodistrian University of Athens
* National Library of Greece

|

Museums|

* Acropolis Museum
* Benaki Museum
* Byzantine and Christian Museum
* Museum of Cycladic Art
* Kerameikos Museum
* National Archaeological Museum
* National Gallery
* National Historical Museum
* Numismatic Museum

Churches|

* Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens
* Cathedral Basilica of St. Dionysius the Areopagite
* Saint Irene church, Athens

Gardens/Parks|

* Lycabettus Hill
* National Gardens
* Pedion tou Areos

Squares and
Neighbourhoods|

* Anafiotika
* Kolonaki Square
* Kotzia Square
* Monastiraki
* Omonoia Square
* Plaka
* Syntagma
* Thiseio

* Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
* Athens Concert Hall
* Athens Towers
* Gennadius Library
* National Observatory of Athens
* National Theatre
* Old Parliament House
* Old Royal Palace
* Olympic Sports Complex
* Presidential Mansion
* Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center
* Zappeion

Marinas|

* Agios Kosmas Marina
* Alimos Marina
* Athens Marina (formerly Faliro Marina)
* Glyfada Marina
* Olympic Marine
* Marina of Vouliagmeni
* Marina of Zea

Others|

* Dionysiou Areopagitou Street
* Ermou Street
* First Cemetery of Athens

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Australia
* Czech Republic
* Spain
* Greece
* Vatican
* Israel
* Catalonia

Geographic|

* MusicBrainz place

Other|

* IdRef

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